1
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Zhang Z, Lu L, Li G, Sheng X, Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhao J, Xie L, Li J, Sun K. Radical cascade silylation/cyclization of 1,7-dienes to access silyl-substituted benzo[ b]azepin-2-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4206-4209. [PMID: 38523529 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A novel silyl radical-induced cascade silylation/cyclization of 1,7-dienes has been realized employing readily available hydrosilanes as a silicon source and Cu(I) salt as a catalyst. This protocol introduces diverse silicon fragments into a challenging 7-membered ring structure and provides an efficient approach to a wide array of biologically important silyl-substituted benzo[b]azepin-2-ones. Several control experiments suggest that the reaction undergoes a free radical process. The gram-scale synthesis and late-stage transformations further demonstrate the scalability and applicability of the reaction in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Lichao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Guiling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyu Sheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Yijia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, P. R. China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China.
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2
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Li W, Cao M, Zhang C, Shi S, Liu J, Li W, Zhang X, Yu Y, Li T. Palladium/NBE-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Silylation: Access to Divergent Silicon-Containing Indoles. Org Lett 2024; 26:1143-1147. [PMID: 38299994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
A palladium/norbornene (NBE)-catalyzed regioselective C-H silylation of free NH-indoles is reported. This protocol uses Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst and Cu(OAc)2 as the oxidant, and the reaction relies on the control of NBE as a switch. The reaction tolerates various functional groups, and a series of silicon-containing indoles were directly synthesized in 30%-94% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Man Cao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Shukui Shi
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Wentao Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Yongqi Yu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan 473061, China
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3
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Li W, Yu Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Chen M, Li T. NBE-Controlled Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Selective C-H Silylation of Boronic Acids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14659-14669. [PMID: 37787482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
An efficient palladium-catalyzed intermolecular selective C-H silylation of boronic acids is described. The combination of palladium catalyst with copper oxidant enables ortho-selective C-H silylation by employing hexamethyldisilane as the trimethylsilyl source, which relies on the control of NBE derivatives as a switch, thus providing straightforward access to divergent organosilicon compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Li
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Henan Tianguan Enterprise Group Company Limited, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China
| | - Yongqi Yu
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Ting Li
- Drug Synthesis Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photoelectric Green Catalysis, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
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4
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Zhong C, Liu M, Qiu X, Wei H, Cui B, Shi Y, Cao C. Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Aryl Methyl Sulfides with Aryl Bromides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13418-13426. [PMID: 37752001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl methyl sulfides with aryl bromides has been developed to access biaryls in yields of up to 86%. The reactions proceeded well using Ni(COD)2 as catalyst with the ligand BINAP (2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-1,1'-binaphthalene) in the presence of magnesium. The method has a broad scope of substrates and is scalable. The wide availability of commercially available aryl bromides and the absence of preparation and preparation of organometallic reagents make the reaction of high application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Mengna Liu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xianchao Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hao Wei
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Benqiang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yanhui Shi
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Changsheng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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5
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Kumar S, Sharma N, Marok SS, Kaur S, Singh P. A 1,8-naphthalimide based chemosensor for intracellular and biofluid detection of Pd 2+ ions: microscopic and anticounterfeiting studies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5010-5017. [PMID: 37728434 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00948c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
A naphthalimide based chemosensor (NPG), containing 1,8-naphthalimide as a fluorophore unit and pentaethylene glycol as a binding unit, has been used for the detection of Pd2+ ions in 50% HEPES buffer-DMSO (pH 7.2) solution. The NPG showed aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties in H2O-DMSO binary mixtures (0-90%) and the CIE plot of NPG in DMSO has x = 0.152, y = 0.102 coordinates corresponding to blue colour emission with 86% colour purity. Upon addition of Pd2+ ions, NPG showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity associated with a colour change from fluorescent blue to non-fluorescent colourless solution. The lowest limit of detection for Pd2+ ions was 75 nM. The mechanism of interaction of NPG with Pd2+ ions leads to complexation induced aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) supported by DLS, SEM and AFM studies. The NPG has been successfully utilized for (i) intracellular detection of Pd2+ ions (250 μM) in live MG-63 cells; (ii) detection of Pd2+ ions in pharmaceutical (99.74 ± 0.6%), urine (98.20 ± 2.96%) and blood serum (99.17 ± 1.84%) samples and (iii) detection of Pd2+ ions using silica coated TLC strips via a contact mode method. NPG can be used as a security ink for writing letters and alphabets for anticounterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India.
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | | | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India.
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6
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Ohsato H, Kawauchi K, Yamada S, Konno T. Diverse Synthetic Transformations Using 4-Bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and Its Applications in the Preparation of CF 2 CF 2 -Containing Sugars, Liquid Crystals, and Light-Emitting Materials. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300080. [PMID: 37140105 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecules with fluoroalkylene scaffolds, especially a tetrafluoroethylene (CF2 CF2 ) moiety, in their molecular structures exhibit unique biological activities, or can be applied to functional materials such as liquid crystals and light-emitting materials. Although several methods for the syntheses of CF2 CF2 -containing organic molecules have been reported to date, they have been limited to methods using explosives and fluorinating agents. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop simple and efficient approaches to synthesize CF2 CF2 -containing organic molecules from readily available fluorinated substrates using carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. This personal account summarizes the simple and efficient transformation of functional groups at both ends of 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and discusses its synthetic applications to biologically active fluorinated sugars and functional materials, such as liquid crystals and light-emitting molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Ohsato
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kawauchi
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Konno
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
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7
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Liu ZK, Wang B, Liu Y, Zhang ZQ, Zhan ZP. Lithium Triethylborohydride (LiHBEt 3)-Promoted Hydrosilylation of Allenes to Prepare ( E)-Allylsilanes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12257-12264. [PMID: 37579280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free hydrosilylation of allenes is reported herein by using commercially available lithium triethylborohydride (LiHBEt3) as the catalyst. Both mono- and disubstituted allenes could be hydrosilylated with primary or secondary silanes effectively. This reaction represents an environmental and economic method to prepare (E)-allylsilanes in good yields along with decent selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kai Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Gulei Innovation Institute, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363200, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Gulei Innovation Institute, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363200, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Zhang
- Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang-Ping Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Gulei Innovation Institute, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363200, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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8
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Yoshida S. C-F Transformations of Benzotrifluorides by the Activation of Ortho-Hydrosilyl Group. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200308. [PMID: 36762730 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Single C-F transformations of aromatic trifluoromethyl compounds are challenging issues due to the strong C-F bond. We have recently developed selective methods for single C-F transformations such as allylation of o-hydrosilyl-substituted benzotrifluorides through the hydride abstraction with trityl cations. Single C-F thiolation and azidation of o-(hydrosilyl)benzotrifluorides were achieved using trityl sulfides and trityl azide catalyzed by Yb(OTf)3 . Treatment of o-(hydrosilyl)benzotrifluorides with trityl chloride resulted in single C-F chlorination. The resulting fluorosilyl group served in further transformations including protonation, halogenation, and Hiyama cross-coupling with C-Si cleavage. We also synthesized benzyl fluorides by LiAlH4 -reduction of the resulting fluorosilanes and further C-F transformations. These methods enabled us to prepare a broad range of organofluorines from simple benzotrifluorides through C-F and C-Si transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Yoshida
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
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9
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Alberti G, Magnaghi LR, Iurato M, Zanoni C, Biesuz R. Colorimetric Paper-Based Analytical Devices (PADs) Backed by Chemometrics for Pd(II) Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7425. [PMID: 37687882 PMCID: PMC10490827 DOI: 10.3390/s23177425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of cheap and selective Paper-based Analytical Devices (PADs) for selective Pd(II) determination from very acidic aqueous solutions. The PADs were obtained by impregnating two cm-side squares of filter paper with an azoic ligand, (2-(tetrazolylazo)-1,8 dihydroxy naphthalene-3,6,-disulphonic acid), termed TazoC. The so-obtained orange TazoC-PADs interact quickly with Pd(II) in aqueous solutions by forming a complex purple-blue-colored already at pH lower than 2. The dye complexes no other metal ions at such an acidic media, making TazoC-PADs highly selective to Pd(II) detection. Besides, at higher pH values, other cations, for example, Cu(II) and Ni(II), can interact with TazoC through the formation of stable and pink-magenta-colored complexes; however, it is possible to quantify Pd(II) in the presence of other cations using a multivariate approach. To this end, UV-vis spectra of the TazoC-PADs after equilibration with the metal ions solutions were registered in the 300-800 nm wavelength range. By applying Partial Least Square regression (PLS), the whole UV-vis spectra of the TazoC-PADs were related to the Pd(II) concentrations both when present alone in solution and also in the presence of Cu(II) and Ni(II). Tailored PLS models obtained with matrix-matched standard solutions correctly predicted Pd(II) concentrations in unknown samples and tap water spiked with the metal cation, making the method promising for quick and economical sensing of Pd(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarla Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Lisa Rita Magnaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marzia Iurato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Camilla Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Raffaela Biesuz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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10
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Li S, Tong WY, Zhou Q, Yu X, Shi JL, Li SS, Qu S, Wang J. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Dibenzosiloles with α-Diazo Esters: Formal Replacement of the Silyl Group with Carbenes. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Yan Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiang-Ling Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu-Sen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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11
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Cai J, Zhang J, Zhou X. Selective Si-C(sp 3) bond cleavage of a silyl-bridged amido alkyl ligand in an yttrium complex. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3807-3814. [PMID: 36866686 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00149k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Compared with Si-C(sp2 and sp) bonds bearing neighboring π-bond hyperconjugative interactions, the activation of robust Si-C(sp3) bonds has proved to be a challenge. Herein, two distinct Si-C(sp3) bond cleavages have been realized by rare-earth-mediated and nucleophilic addition of unsaturated substrates. The reactions of TpMe2Y[κ2-(C,N)-CH(SiH2Ph)SiMe2NSiMe3](THF) (1) with CO or CS2 gave two endocyclic Si-C bond cleavage products, TpMe2Y[κ2-(O,N)-OCCH(SiH2Ph)SiMe2NSiMe3](THF) (2) and TpMe2Y[κ2-(S,N)-SSiMe2NSiMe3](THF) (3), respectively. However, 1 reacted with nitriles such as PhCN and p-R'C6H4CH2CN in a 1 : 1 molar ratio to yield the exocyclic Si-C bond products TpMe2Y[κ2-(N,N)-N(SiH2Ph)C(R)CHSiMe2NSiMe3](THF) (R = Ph (4); R = C6H5CH2 (6H); R = p-F-C6H4CH2 (6F); and R = p-MeO-C6H4CH2 (6MeO)), respectively. Moreover, complex 4 can continuously react with an excess of PhCN to form a TpMe2-supported yttrium complex with a novel pendant silylamido-substituted β-diketiminato ligand, TpMe2Y[κ3-(N,N,N)-N(SiH2Ph)C(Ph)CHC(Ph)N-SiMe2NSiMe3](PhCN) (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, No. 2005, Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, No. 2005, Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, No. 2005, Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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12
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Ye ZH, Gou FH, Wu Y, Li CY, Wang P. Diverse Synthesis of Alkenylsilanes via Pd-Catalyzed Alkenyl C-H Silylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:2145-2150. [PMID: 36921249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we disclose a general approach for the diverse synthesis of alkenylsilanes in a highly efficient, stereoselective, and atom-economic manner by leveraging the palladium-catalyzed disilylation reaction of 2-bromostyrene derivatives with hexamethyldisilane, which is suitable for the preparation of a series of disubstituted, trisubstituted, and tetrasubstituted alkenylsilanes. Furthermore, the resulting tetrasubstituted alkenylsilanes could be readily transformed into the corresponding diarylated benzosiloles, which have been proven to be a potential AIE material and a fluorene material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Hu Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha West Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
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13
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Sun GQ, Yu P, Zhang W, Zhang W, Wang Y, Liao LL, Zhang Z, Li L, Lu Z, Yu DG, Lin S. Electrochemical reactor dictates site selectivity in N-heteroarene carboxylations. Nature 2023; 615:67-72. [PMID: 36603811 PMCID: PMC10036166 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyridines and related N-heteroarenes are commonly found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and other biologically active compounds1,2. Site-selective C-H functionalization would provide a direct way of making these medicinally active products3-5. For example, nicotinic acid derivatives could be made by C-H carboxylation, but this remains an elusive transformation6-8. Here we describe the development of an electrochemical strategy for the direct carboxylation of pyridines using CO2. The choice of the electrolysis setup gives rise to divergent site selectivity: a divided electrochemical cell leads to C5 carboxylation, whereas an undivided cell promotes C4 carboxylation. The undivided-cell reaction is proposed to operate through a paired-electrolysis mechanism9,10, in which both cathodic and anodic events play critical roles in altering the site selectivity. Specifically, anodically generated iodine preferentially reacts with a key radical anion intermediate in the C4-carboxylation pathway through hydrogen-atom transfer, thus diverting the reaction selectivity by means of the Curtin-Hammett principle11. The scope of the transformation was expanded to a wide range of N-heteroarenes, including bipyridines and terpyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines and quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Quan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Li-Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Da-Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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14
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Zhang XX, Gao Y, Zhang YX, Zhou J, Yu JS. Highly Enantioselective Construction of Multifunctional Silicon-Stereogenic Silacycles by Asymmetric Enamine Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217724. [PMID: 36625565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the first highly enantioselective construction of silicon-stereocenters by asymmetric enamine catalysis. An unprecedented desymmetric intramolecular aldolization of prochiral siladials was thus developed for the facile access of multifunctional silicon-stereogenic silacycles in high to excellent enantioselectivity. With an enal moiety, these adducts could be readily elaborated for the diverse synthesis of silicon-stereogenic compounds, and for late-stage modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yan-Xue Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
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15
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Kaithal A, Sasmal HS, Dutta S, Schäfer F, Schlichter L, Glorius F. cis-Selective Hydrogenation of Aryl Germanes: A Direct Approach to Access Saturated Carbo- and Heterocyclic Germanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4109-4118. [PMID: 36781169 PMCID: PMC9951224 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic approach of synthesizing the cis-selective saturated carbo- and heterocyclic germanium compounds (3D framework) is reported via the hydrogenation of readily accessible aromatic germanes (2D framework). Among the numerous catalysts tested, Nishimura's catalyst (Rh2O3/PtO2·H2O) exhibited the best hydrogenation reactivity with an isolated yield of up to 96%. A broad range of substrates including the synthesis of unprecedented saturated heterocyclic germanes was explored. This selective hydrogenation strategy could tolerate several functional groups such as -CF3, -OR, -F, -Bpin, and -SiR3 groups. The synthesized products demonstrated the applications in coupling reactions including the newly developed strategy of aza-Giese-type addition reaction (C-N bond formation) from the saturated cyclic germane product. These versatile motifs can have a substantial value in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry as they show orthogonal reactivity in coupling reactions while competing with other coupling partners such as boranes or silanes, acquiring a three-dimensional structure with high stability and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kaithal
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Subhabrata Dutta
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Schäfer
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa Schlichter
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Center for Soft Nanoscience
(SoN) and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Busso-Peus-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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16
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Ling FY, Ye F, Fang XJ, Zhou XH, Huang WS, Xu Z, Xu LW. An unusual autocatalysis with an air-stable Pd complex to promote enantioselective synthesis of Si-stereogenic enynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1123-1131. [PMID: 36756338 PMCID: PMC9891361 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06181c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the powerful potential of chiral-at-silicon chemistry, enantioselective synthesis of Si-stereogenic centers has attracted substantial research interest in recent years. However, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of Si-stereogenic organosilicon compounds remains an appealing venture and is a challenging subject because of the difficulty in achieving high reactivity and stereoselectivity for "silicon-center" transformations. Herein, we disclose a highly enantioselective palladium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of 1,3-diynes with dihydrosilanes, which enables the facile preparation of Si-stereogenic enynes and an enyne-linked chiral polymer (polyenyne) in good yields and excellent ees (up to >99%) by desymmetrization. The unusual stereoselectivity in this reaction is achieved by precisely controlling the steric hindrance and electronic effect of the newly developed chiral ligands, resulting in a wide range of chiral silanes and a Si-containing polymer bearing a Si-stereogenic center which is otherwise difficult to access. The key to the high enantioselectivity relies on catalyst aggregation-induced non-covalent interaction, which exerts a remarkably positive influence on the Si-H bond activation and enhancement of enantioselectivity, in which the palladium/P-ligand complex was proved to be air-stable and moisture-insensitive in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ying Ling
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Wei-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute and Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences P. R. China
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17
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Zhu M, Yu W, Zhong Q, Cui B, Cao C, Shi Y. Nickel-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of alkyl triaryl phosphonium salts. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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18
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Zhu S, Xu W, Hong D, Wu W, Chai F, Zhu X, Zhou S, Wang S. Rare-Earth Metal Complexes Supported by 1,3-Functionalized Indolyl-Based Ligands for Efficient Hydrosilylation of Alkenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:381-391. [PMID: 36576868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two different 1,3-functionalized indolyl-based proligands 1-(2-C4H7O)CH2-3-(2-tBuC6H5N═CH)C8H5N (HL1) and 1-Me2NCH2CH2-3-(2-iPrC6H5N═CH)C8H5N (HL2) were designed, prepared in high yields, and successfully applied to rare-earth metal chemistry showing different reactivities and different bondings with the central metals. The reactions of HL1 with RE(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 provided two types of rare-earth metal complexes: the pincer type mononuclear complexes κ3-(L1)RE(CH2SiMe3)2 [L1 = 1-(2-C4H7O)CH2-3-(2-tBuC6H5N═CH)C8H4N, RE = Lu(1), Yb(2)], and the dinuclear rare-earth metal alkyl (per alkyl/per metal) complexes having the ligand in novel coordination modes {(η1:(μ-η2:η1):η1-1-(2-C4H7O)CH2-3-[2-tBuC6H5NCH-(CH2SiMe3)]C8H4N)RECH2SiMe3}2 [RE = Er(3), Y(4), Dy(5), and Gd(6)]. Meanwhile, the reactions of HL2 with RE(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 led to the isolation and characterization of only the mononuclear rare-earth metal dialkyl complexes κ3-(L2)RE(CH2SiMe3)2 [L2 = 1-Me2NCH2CH2-3-(2-iPrC6H5N═CH)C8H4N, RE = Lu(7), Gd(8)] bearing the ligand in the pincer chelate form. The mononuclear complexes were formed through the sp2 C-H activation of the 2-indolyl moiety, while the dinuclear complexes were produced unexpectedly through the tandem 2-indolyl sp2 C-H activation and C═N insertion into the RE-CH2SiMe3 bond. These complexes were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods, elemental analyses, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The applications of the synthesized complexes as catalysts for the hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes with phenylsilane are described. Anti-Markovnikov addition products were produced by the hydrosilylation of aliphatic olefins, and Markovnikov addition products were isolated with aromatic olefins with high selectivity in the absence of cocatalysts. It is found that the dinuclear rare-earth alkyl complexes exhibited the best catalytic activity with the advantages of mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, low catalyst loading, and wide substrate applicability in comparison with the synthesized mononuclear complexes and the reported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Wenxiang Xu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Dongjing Hong
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Weikang Wu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Fuxiang Chai
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiancui Zhu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Culture Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.,Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Functional Coordinated Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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19
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Lee D, Shintani R. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 4-sila-4 H-benzo[ d][1,3]oxazines by intramolecular Hiyama coupling. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4114-4119. [PMID: 37063809 PMCID: PMC10094166 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 4-sila-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazines, silicon-switched analogs of biologically relevant 4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazines, was developed by the intramolecular Hiyama coupling of 3-amido-2-(arylsilyl)aryl triflates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyeon Lee
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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20
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Ye T, Zhao J, Zheng WX, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang FL. Synthesis of structurally diverse silicon-incorporated indolines via silyl radical-triggered radical cascade reactions. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00153a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Structurally diverse silicon-incorporated indolines were synthesized via a silyl radical-triggered radical addition–translocation–cyclization (RATC) process.
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21
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Lu MZ, Goh J, Maraswami M, Jia Z, Tian JS, Loh TP. Recent Advances in Alkenyl sp 2 C-H and C-F Bond Functionalizations: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17479-17646. [PMID: 36240299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes and their derivatives are featured widely in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Significant efforts have been made toward the development of new and practical methods to access this important class of compounds by selectively activating the alkenyl C(sp2)-H bonds in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we describe the state-of-the-art strategies for the direct functionalization of alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bonds until June 2022. Moreover, metal-free, photoredox, and electrochemical strategies are also covered. For clarity, this review has been divided into two parts; the first part focuses on currently available alkenyl sp2 C-H functionalization methods using different alkene derivatives as the starting materials, and the second part describes the alkenyl sp2 C-F bond functionalization using easily accessible gem-difluoroalkenes as the starting material. This review includes the scope, limitations, mechanistic studies, stereoselective control (using directing groups as well as metal-migration strategies), and their applications to complex molecule synthesis where appropriate. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to document the considerable advancements, current status, and emerging work by critically summarizing the contributions of researchers working in this fascinating area and is expected to stimulate novel, innovative, and broadly applicable strategies for alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bond functionalizations in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Goh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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22
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Banach Ł, Brykczyńska D, Gorczyński A, Wyrzykiewicz B, Skrodzki M, Pawluć P. Markovnikov-selective double hydrosilylation of challenging terminal aryl alkynes under cobalt and iron catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13763-13766. [PMID: 36421006 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04015h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Geminal bis(silanes) are unique compounds with interesting properties. The most straightforward way to access them is double hydrosilylation of alkynes, which was established only recently. Previous articles about transition metal-catalysed double hydrosilylation show that terminal aryl alkynes are a challenge. We report on cobalt(II) and iron(III) complexes with the easy-to-synthesise N,N,N-tridentate hydrazone ligand being active precatalysts in Markovnikov-selective double hydrosilylation of terminal aryl alkynes. The influence of the hydrazone ligand structure and the potential role of the sodium triethylborohydride activator were studied. Sets of geminal bis(silanes) with two identical or different silyl groups were synthesised, showing the applicability of the reported method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Banach
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Daria Brykczyńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Bożena Wyrzykiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Skrodzki
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Pawluć
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St. 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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23
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Pawley SB, Conner AM, Omer HM, Watson DA. Development of a General Method for the Hiyama-Denmark Cross-Coupling of Tetrasubstituted Vinyl Silanes. ACS Catal 2022; 12:13108-13115. [PMID: 36817085 PMCID: PMC9933925 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
General conditions for the Hiyama-Denmark cross-coupling of tetrasubstituted vinyl silanes and aryl halides are reported. Prior reports of Hiyama-Denmark reactions of tetrasubstituted vinyl silanes have required the use of vinyl silanols or silanolates, which are challenging to handle, or internally activated vinyl silanes, which lack structural generality. Now, unactivated tetrasubstituted vinyl silanes, bearing bench-stable tetraorganosilicon centers, and aryl halides can be coupled. The key to this discovery is the identification of dimethyl(5-methylfuryl)vinylsilanes as bench stable and easily prepared cross-coupling partners that are readily activated under mild conditions in Hiyama-Denmark couplings. These palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings proceed well with aryl chlorides, though aryl bromides and iodides are also tolerated, and the reactions display high stereospecificity in the formation of tetrasubstituted alkenes. In addition, only a mild base (KOSiMe3) and common solvents (THF/DMA) are required, and importantly toxic additives (such as 18-crown-6) are not needed. We also show that these conditions are equally applicable to Hiyama-Denamrk coupling of trisubstituted vinyl silanes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Humair M. Omer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Donald A. Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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24
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Wang X, Wang ZY, Zhang X, Xu H, Dai HX. Construction of C(sp 2)-Si Bonds via Ligand-Promoted C-C Bonds Cleavage of Unstrained Ketones. Org Lett 2022; 24:7344-7349. [PMID: 36178792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an efficient palladium-catalyzed silylation of aryl and alkenyl ketones via C-C bond cleavage and C-Si bond formation. This protocol features high efficiency and broad substrate scope. Further applications in the late-stage diversification of biologically important molecules demonstrate the synthetic utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hui Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
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25
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Sun H, Cheng Y, Teng H, Chen X, Niu X, Yang H, Cui YM, Xu LW, Yang L. 3-Alkyl-2-pyridyl Directing Group-Enabled C2 Selective C-H Silylation of Indoles and Pyrroles via an Iridium Catalyst. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13346-13351. [PMID: 36129738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An iridium-catalyzed, directing group-enabled site selective intra- and intermolecular silylation of indoles and pyrroles with hydrosilanes has been developed under ligand-free conditions. Fine-tuning of the removable 3-alkyl-2-pyridyl directing group was found to be crucial for achieving high yields for C2-silylated indole and pyrrole products. Moreover, the scalability was demonstrated, and further transformations of the silylation products were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Houyun Teng
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaokang Niu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Ming Cui
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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26
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Transition Metal Catalyzed Hiyama Cross-Coupling: Recent Methodology Developments and Synthetic Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175654. [PMID: 36080422 PMCID: PMC9458230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hiyama cross-coupling is a versatile reaction in synthetic organic chemistry for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds. It involves the coupling of organosilicons with organic halides using transition metal catalysts in good yields and high enantioselectivities. In recent years, hectic progress has been made by researchers toward the synthesis of diversified natural products and pharmaceutical drugs using the Hiyama coupling reaction. This review emphasizes the recent synthetic developments and applications of Hiyama cross-coupling.
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27
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Chang ASM, Kawamura KE, Henness HS, Salpino VM, Greene JC, Zakharov LN, Cook AK. (NHC)Ni(0)-Catalyzed Branched-Selective Alkene Hydrosilylation with Secondary and Tertiary Silanes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Sy-min Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Kiana E. Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Hayden S. Henness
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Victor M. Salpino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Jack C. Greene
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Lev N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda K. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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28
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Synthesis of 4-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SN2 rection between 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)hex-5-yn-1-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate and NaN3 in DMF at 80 °C provided (6-azidohex-1-yn-3-yl)(tert-butyl)dimethylsilane intermediate, which underwent in situ intramolecular thermal Huisgen azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction. This one-pot process gave 4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine in 78% yield.
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29
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Kaithal A, Wagener T, Bellotti P, Daniliuc CG, Schlichter L, Glorius F. Access to Unexplored 3D Chemical Space:
cis
‐Selective Arene Hydrogenation for the Synthesis of Saturated Cyclic Boronic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206687. [PMID: 35612895 PMCID: PMC9400866 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new class of saturated boron‐incorporated cyclic molecules has been synthesized employing an arene‐hydrogenation methodology. cis‐Selective hydrogenation of easily accessible, and biologically important molecules comprising benzoxaborole, benzoxaborinin, and benzoxaboripin derivatives is reported. Among the various catalysts tested, rhodium cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene [Rh‐CAAC] (1) pre‐catalyst revealed the best hydrogenation activity confirming turnover number up to 1400 with good to high diastereoselectivity. A broad range of functional groups was tolerated including sensitive substituents such as −F, −CF3, and −silyl groups. The utility of the synthesized products was demonstrated by the recognition of diols and sugars under physiological conditions. These motifs can have a substantial importance in medicinal chemistry as they possess a three‐dimensional structure, are highly stable, soluble in water, form hydrogen bonds, and interact with diols and sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kaithal
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Tobias Wagener
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Lisa Schlichter
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Westfälische Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN) and Organisch-Chemisches Institut Busso-Peus-Str.10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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30
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Esteruelas MA, López AM, Oñate E, Raga E. Metathesis between E-C(sp n ) and H-C(sp 3 ) σ-Bonds (E=Si, Ge; n=2, 3) on an Osmium-Polyhydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204081. [PMID: 35544362 PMCID: PMC9401005 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The silylation of a phosphine of OsH6(PiPr3)2 is performed via net‐metathesis between Si−C(spn) and H−C(sp3) σ‐bonds (n=2, 3). Complex OsH6(PiPr3)2 activates the Si−H bond of Et3SiH and Ph3SiH to give OsH5(SiR3)(PiPr3)2, which yield OsH4{κ1‐P,η2‐SiH‐[iPr2PCH(Me)CH2SiR2H]}(PiPr3) and R−H (R=Et, Ph), by displacement of a silyl substituent with a methyl group of a phosphine. Such displacement is a first‐order process, with activation entropy consistent with a rate determining step occurring via a highly ordered transition state. It displays selectivity, releasing the hydrocarbon resulting from the rupture of the weakest Si‐substituent bond, when the silyl ligand bears different substituents. Accordingly, reactions of OsH6(PiPr3)2 with dimethylphenylsilane, and 1,1,1,3,5,5,5‐heptamethyltrisiloxane afford OsH5(SiR2R′)(PiPr3)2, which evolve into OsH4{κ1‐P,η2‐GeH‐[iPr2PCH(Me)CH2SiR2H]}(PiPr3) (R=Me, OSiMe3) and R′−H (R′=Ph, Me). Exchange reaction is extended to Et3GeH. The latter reacts with OsH6(PiPr3)2 to give OsH5(GeEt3)(PiPr3)2, which loses ethane to form OsH4{κ1‐P,η2‐GeH‐[iPr2PCH(Me)CH2GeEt2H]}(PiPr3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Raga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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31
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Zhang X, Zhang F, Li X, Lu MZ, Meng X, Huang L, Luo H. Direct Synthesis of Biphenyl-2-carbonitriles by Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Hiyama Cross-Coupling in Water. Org Lett 2022; 24:5029-5033. [PMID: 35822841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This method represents an efficient rhodium(III)-catalyzed o-C-H arylation of readily available benzimidate derivatives with diverse arylsilanes in water as a sustainable solvent, enabling the straightforward synthesis of potentially useful biphenyl-2-carbonitrile derivatives. This silicon-based protocol employs benzimidates as both an efficacious directing group and the source of a nitrile group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Fukuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhenzhou 450001, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haiqing Luo
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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32
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Cornier PG, Delpiccolo CM, Martiren NL, Mata EG, Mendez L, Permingeat Squizatto C, Pizzio MG. Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions and Solid‐Phase Synthesis: A Convenient Blend. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G. Cornier
- Instituto de Química Rosario: Instituto de Quimica Rosario Organic Chemistry Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario ARGENTINA
| | - Carina M.L. Delpiccolo
- Instituto de Química Rosario: Instituto de Quimica Rosario Organic Chemistry Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario ARGENTINA
| | - Nadia L. Martiren
- Instituto de Química Rosario: Instituto de Quimica Rosario Organic Chemistry Suipacha 531 S2000 Rosario ARGENTINA
| | - Ernesto G Mata
- Instituto de Química Rosario Chemistry Suipacha 531 2000 Rosario ARGENTINA
| | - Luciana Mendez
- Instituto de Química Rosario: Instituto de Quimica Rosario Organic Chemistry Suipacha 531 S2000 ROSARIO ARGENTINA
| | | | - Marianela G. Pizzio
- Instituto de Química Rosario: Instituto de Quimica Rosario Organic Chemistry Suipacha 531 S2000 Rosario ARGENTINA
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33
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Qu Y, Li D, Liu J, Du F, Tan X, Zhou Y, Liu S, Xu W. Magnolia denudata leaf-derived near-infrared carbon dots as fluorescent nanoprobes for palladium(Ⅱ) detection and cell imaging. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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ghosh SK. β‐Silylmethylene malonate as versatile reagent in organic synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- sunil kumar ghosh
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Bio-Organic Division Trombay 400085 Mumbai INDIA
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35
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Wang Y, Wang ZL, Ma WW, Xu YH. Copper-Catalyzed Markovnikov Selective 3,4-Hydrosilylation of 2-Substituted 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4081-4086. [PMID: 35648807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed regioselective Markovnikov 3,4-hydrosilylation of 2-substituted 1,3-dienes has been accomplished. A wide range of 2-substituted 1,3-dienes and trihydrosilanes are compatible under the optimal conditions. The bisphosphine ligand with a rigid backbone provides the Markovnikov 3,4-hydrosilylation product in better yield and selectivity. Besides, the synthetic utilities of the allylsilanes also were demonstrated by their flexible derivatizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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36
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Esteruelas MA, López AM, Oñate E, Raga E. Metathesis between E−C(sp
n
) and H−C(sp
3
) σ‐Bonds (E=Si, Ge;
n
=2, 3) on an Osmium‐Polyhydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Esther Raga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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37
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Kaithal A, Wagener T, Bellotti P, Daniliuc CG, Schlichter L, Glorius F. Access to Unexplored 3D Chemical Space: cis‐Selective Arene Hydrogenation for the Synthesis of Saturated Cyclic Boronic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kaithal
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry Münster GERMANY
| | - Tobias Wagener
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Lisa Schlichter
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster GERMANY
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38
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Wu Y, Wang P. Silicon-Stereogenic Monohydrosilane: Synthesis and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205382. [PMID: 35594056 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optically active organosilanes have been demonstrated to be versatile chiral reagents in synthetic chemistry since the early seminal contributions by Sommer and Corriu. Among these silicon-containing chiral architectures, monohydrosilanes, which bear a Si-H bond, hold a unique position because of their facile transformations through stereospecific Si-carbon or Si-heteroatom bond-formation reactions. In addition, those compounds have also been leveraged as chiral reagents for alcohol resolution, chiral auxiliaries, mechanistic probes, as well as potential optoelectronic materials. This Minireview comprehensively summarizes the synthesis and synthetic applications of silicon-stereogenic monohydrosilanes, particularly the advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of this class of functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAShcshr1, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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39
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Wu Y, Wang P. Silicon‐Stereogenic Monohydrosilane: Synthesis and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State key laboratory of organometallic chemistry 345 Lingling Rd 200032 Shanghai CHINA
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40
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Wang Y, Shen H, Qiu J, Chen M, Song W, Zhao M, Wang L, Bai F, Wang H, Wu Z. Copper-Promoted Hiyama Cross-Coupling of Arylsilanes With Thiuram Reagents: A Facile Synthesis of Aryl Dithiocarbamates. Front Chem 2022; 10:867806. [PMID: 35559223 PMCID: PMC9087285 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.867806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein a facile Hiyama cross-coupling reaction of arylsilanes with thiuram reagents (tetraalkylthiuram disulfides or tetraalkylthiuram monosulfide) enabled by copper fluoride. Compared to our previous work, this protocol is an alternative protocol for the generation of S-aryl dithiocarbamates. It features low toxic and readily available substrates, cost-effective promoter, easy performance, and provides good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Wang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengqi Chen
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengqi Chen, ; Weimin Song, ; Zhiyong Wu,
| | - Weimin Song
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengqi Chen, ; Weimin Song, ; Zhiyong Wu,
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengqi Chen, ; Weimin Song, ; Zhiyong Wu,
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41
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Wang Q, Zhong KB, Xu H, Li SN, Zhu WK, Ye F, Xu Z, Lan Y, Xu LW. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Si–C(sp 2) Bond Activation and Migratory Insertion to Aldehydes: Reaction Scope and Mechanism. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Bao Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ke Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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42
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Kumar S, Sharma N, Kaur S, Singh P. Pseudo-crown ether III: Naphthalimide-Pd(II) based fluorogenic ensemble for solution, vapour and Intracellular detection of amine and anti-counterfeiting applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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43
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Hansjacob P, Leroux FR, Gandon V, Donnard M. Palladium-Catalyzed Silylcyanation of Ynamides: Regio- and Stereoselective Access to Tetrasubstituted 3-Silyl-2-Aminoacrylonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200204. [PMID: 35060272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed silylcyanation of ynamides is described. This reaction is fully regioselective, delivering tetrasubstituted 2-aminoacrylonitriles derivatives exclusively. Unexpectedly, the nature (aryl or alkyl) of the substituent located at the β-position of the ynamide directly controls the stereoselectivity. The reaction tolerates a number of functional groups and can be considered as the first general access to fully substituted 2-aminoacrylonitriles. Given the singular reactivity observed, a computational study was performed to shed light on the mechanism of this intriguing transformation. Relying on the specific reactivity of the newly installed vinylsilane functionality, the scope of 2-aminoacrylonitriles has been enlarged by postfunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hansjacob
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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44
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Gong HP, Quan ZJ, Wang XC. Palladium-catalyzed Hiyama cross-couplings of pyrimidin-2-yl tosylates with organosilanes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211067163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient palladium-catalyzed Hiyama reaction between various pyrimidin-2-yl tosylates with organosilanes has been developed. The use of CuCl with TBAF as additive is essential for promotion of the construction of the carbon–carbon bond. This procedure shows wide functional group tolerance for electrophilic pyrimidin-2-yl tosylates and has been extended to aromatic amino-substituted pyrimidin-2-yl tosylates, affording the desired C2-aryl and alkenyl pyrimidine derivatives in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Gong
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Jun Quan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Cun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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45
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Hansjacob P, Leroux FR, Gandon V, Donnard M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Silylcyanation of Ynamides: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Access to Tetrasubstituted 3‐Silyl‐2‐Aminoacrylonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hansjacob
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Frédéric R. Leroux
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS UMR 9168 Ecole Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
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46
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Xue Y, Guo Z, Chen X, Li J, Zou D, Wu Y, Wu Y. Copper-promoted difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes with silanes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:989-994. [PMID: 35018960 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02318g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An efficient copper-catalyzed cascade difunctionalization of N-allyl anilines toward the synthesis of silylated indolines using commercially available silanes has been reported. This strategy provides a new avenue for the synthesis of a diverse array of indolines in reasonable yields. Preliminary mechanistic investigations indicate that the reaction probably proceeds via a radical pathway with unactivated alkenes as radical acceptors and simple silanes as radical precursors. This protocol is distinguished by its atom economy, broad substrate scope and readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xue
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuangzhuang Guo
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingya Li
- TetranovBiopharm, LLC., Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Zou
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yangjie Wu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yusheng Wu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China. .,Tetranov International, Inc., 100 Jersey Avenue, Suite A340, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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47
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Idogawa R, Kobayashi A, Kim Y, Shimomori K, Hosoya T, Yoshida S. Hydride reduction of o-(fluorosilyl)benzodifluorides for subsequent C–F transformations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3521-3524. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06761c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for sequential C–F transformations of o-hydrosilyl-substituted benzotrifluorides is disclosed. A key to the success is hydride reduction of o-fluorosilyl-substituted difluoromethylenes prepared by a single C–F transformation of...
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48
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Yu B, Huang H. Recent Advances in C—X Bond Metathesis Reactions. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202202003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Liu M, Sun J, Engle KM. Recent advances in the generation and functionalization of C(alkenyl)–Pd species for synthesis of polysubstituted alkenes. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Recent advances in ruthenium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of unsaturated compounds: Applications and mechanistic studies. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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