1
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Liu Z, Nan H, Jiang Y, Xu T, Gong X, Hu C. Programmable Electrodeposition of Janus Alginate/Poly-L-Lysine/Alginate (APA) Microcapsules for High-Resolution Cell Patterning and Compartmentalization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106363. [PMID: 34921585 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of live cells in protective, semipermeable microcapsules is one of the kernel techniques for in vitro tissue regeneration, cell therapies, and pharmaceutical screening. Advanced fabrication techniques for cell encapsulation have been developed to meet different requirements. Existing cell encapsulation techniques place substantial constraints on the spatial patterning of live cells as well as on the compartmentalization of heterotypic cells. Alginate-Poly-L-lysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules that use sodium alginate as the polyanion and poly-L-lysine (PLL) as the polycation have been extensively employed for cell microencapsulation due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study proposes a novel method for developing programmable Janus APA microcapsules with variable shapes and sizes by using electrodeposition. By the versatile design of the microelectrode device, sequential electrodeposition is triggered to electro-address the cells at specific locations immobilized within a Janus APA microcapsule. The osteogenesis is evaluated by resembling cell compartmentalized and vascularized osteoblast-laden constructs. This technique allows precise spatial patterning of heterotypic cells inside the APA microcapsule, enabling the observation of cellular growth, interactions, and differentiation in a well-controlled chemical and mechanical microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haochen Nan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yike Jiang
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), No.1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaohua Gong
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, 380 Minor Ln, Berkeley, San Francisco, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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2
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Maity C, Das N. Alginate-Based Smart Materials and Their Application: Recent Advances and Perspectives. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 380:3. [PMID: 34812965 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nature produces materials using available molecular building blocks following a bottom-up approach. These materials are formed with great precision and flexibility in a controlled manner. This approach offers the inspiration for manufacturing new artificial materials and devices. Synthetic artificial materials can find many important applications ranging from personalized therapeutics to solutions for environmental problems. Among these materials, responsive synthetic materials are capable of changing their structure and/or properties in response to external stimuli, and hence are termed "smart" materials. Herein, this review focuses on alginate-based smart materials and their stimuli-responsive preparation, fragmentation, and applications in diverse fields from drug delivery and tissue engineering to water purification and environmental remediation. In the first part of this report, we review stimuli-induced preparation of alginate-based materials. Stimuli-triggered decomposition of alginate materials in a controlled fashion is documented in the second part, followed by the application of smart alginate materials in diverse fields. Because of their biocompatibility, easy accessibility, and simple techniques of material formation, alginates can provide solutions for several present and future problems of humankind. However, new research is needed for novel alginate-based materials with new functionalities and well-defined properties for targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Maity
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science (SAS), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Nikita Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science (SAS), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
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3
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Roquero DM, Bollella P, Melman A, Katz E. Nanozyme-Triggered DNA Release from Alginate Films. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3741-3750. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Massana Roquero
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Artem Melman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
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4
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Fern J, Schulman R. Modular DNA strand-displacement controllers for directing material expansion. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3766. [PMID: 30217991 PMCID: PMC6138645 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft materials that swell or change shape in response to external stimuli show extensive promise in regenerative medicine, targeted therapeutics, and soft robotics. Generally, a stimulus for shape change must interact directly with the material, limiting the types of stimuli that may be used and necessitating high stimulus concentrations. Here, we show how DNA strand-displacement controllers within hydrogels can mediate size change by interpreting, amplifying, and integrating stimuli and releasing signals that direct the response. These controllers tune the time scale and degree of DNA-crosslinked hydrogel swelling and can actuate dramatic material size change in response to <100 nM of a specific biomolecular input. Controllers can also direct swelling in response to small molecules or perform logic. The integration of these stimuli-responsive materials with biomolecular circuits is a major step towards autonomous soft robotic systems in which sensing and actuation are implemented by biomolecular reaction networks. Materials which change shape in response to a trigger are of interest for soft robotics and targeted therapeutic delivery. Here, the authors report on the development of DNA-crosslinked hydrogels which can expand upon the detection of different biomolecular inputs mediated by DNA strand-displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Fern
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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5
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Liu Y, Wu HC, Bhokisham N, Li J, Hong KL, Quan DN, Tsao CY, Bentley WE, Payne GF. Biofabricating Functional Soft Matter Using Protein Engineering to Enable Enzymatic Assembly. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1809-1822. [PMID: 29745651 PMCID: PMC7045599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biology often provides the inspiration for functional soft matter, but biology can do more: it can provide the raw materials and mechanisms for hierarchical assembly. Biology uses polymers to perform various functions, and biologically derived polymers can serve as sustainable, self-assembling, and high-performance materials platforms for life-science applications. Biology employs enzymes for site-specific reactions that are used to both disassemble and assemble biopolymers both to and from component parts. By exploiting protein engineering methodologies, proteins can be modified to make them more susceptible to biology's native enzymatic activities. They can be engineered with fusion tags that provide (short sequences of amino acids at the C- and/or N- termini) that provide the accessible residues for the assembling enzymes to recognize and react with. This "biobased" fabrication not only allows biology's nanoscale components (i.e., proteins) to be engineered, but also provides the means to organize these components into the hierarchical structures that are prevalent in life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsuan-Chen Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei City , Taiwan
| | | | | | - Kai-Lin Hong
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei City , Taiwan
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Remón
- CIQSO-Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; University of Huelva; Campus de El Carmen s/n 21071 Huelva Spain
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO-Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry; University of Huelva; Campus de El Carmen s/n 21071 Huelva Spain
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7
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Gamella M, Privman M, Bakshi S, Melman A, Katz E. DNA Release from Fe
3+
‐Cross‐Linked Alginate Films Triggered by Logically Processed Biomolecular Signals: Integration of Biomolecular Computing and Actuation. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1811-1821. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gamella
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5810 USA
| | - Marina Privman
- Empire State College State University of New York (SUNY) P.O. Box 908 Fort Drum NY 13602 USA
| | - Saira Bakshi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5810 USA
| | - Artem Melman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5810 USA
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY 13699-5810 USA
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8
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Wood ML, Domanskyi S, Privman V. Design of High Quality Chemical XOR Gates with Noise Reduction. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1773-1781. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenna L. Wood
- Department of Physics; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY 13676 USA
| | - Sergii Domanskyi
- Department of Physics; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY 13676 USA
| | - Vladimir Privman
- Department of Physics; Clarkson University; Potsdam NY 13676 USA
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9
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Liu Z, Takeuchi M, Nakajima M, Hu C, Hasegawa Y, Huang Q, Fukuda T. Three-dimensional hepatic lobule-like tissue constructs using cell-microcapsule technology. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:178-187. [PMID: 27993637 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The proper functioning of the liver and tissues containing hepatocytes greatly depends upon the intricate organization of the cells. Consequently, controlling the shape of three-dimensional (3D) cellular constructs is an important issue for in vitro applications of fabricated artificial livers. However, the precise control of tissue shape at the microscale cannot be achieved with various commonly used 3D tissue-engineered building units, such as spheroids. Here, we present the fabrication of hepatic lobule-shaped microtissue (HLSM) containing rat liver (RLC-18) cells. By using cell-microcapsule technology, RLC-18 cells were encapsulated in the core region of poly-l-lysine-alginate microcapsules. After 14days of long-term cultivation, RLC-18 cells self-assembled into HLSM, and the cells fully occupied the microcapsule. By monitoring the cell number and albumin secretion during culture and characterizing the dimensions of the fabricated tissue, we demonstrated that the HLSM showed higher hepatic function as compared with normal cell spheroids. We also showcased the assembly of these microtissues into a 3D four-layered hepatic lobule model by a facile micromanipulation method. Our technology for fabricating 3D multilayer hepatic lobule-like, biofunctional tissue enables the precise control of tissue shape in three dimensions. Furthermore, these constructs can serve as tissue-engineered building blocks for larger organs and cellular implants in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyang Liu
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Masaru Takeuchi
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, CLA H3, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Yasuhisa Hasegawa
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Qiang Huang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education of China, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan; Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education of China, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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10
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Privman V, Domanskyi S, Luz RAS, Guz N, Glasser ML, Katz E. Diffusion of Oligonucleotides from within Iron-Cross-Linked, Polyelectrolyte-Modified Alginate Beads: A Model System for Drug Release. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:976-84. [PMID: 26762598 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An analytical model to describe diffusion of oligonucleotides from stable hydrogel beads is developed and experimentally verified. The synthesized alginate beads are Fe(3+) -cross-linked and polyelectrolyte-doped for uniformity and stability at physiological pH. Data on diffusion of oligonucleotides from inside the beads provide physical insights into the volume nature of the immobilization of a fraction of oligonucleotides due to polyelectrolyte cross-linking, that is, the absence of a surface-layer barrier in this case. Furthermore, the results suggest a new simple approach to measuring the diffusion coefficient of mobile oligonucleotide molecules inside hydrogels. The considered alginate beads provide a model for a well-defined component in drug-release systems and for the oligonucleotide-release transduction steps in drug-delivering and biocomputing applications. This is illustrated by destabilizing the beads with citrate, which induces full oligonucleotide release with nondiffusional kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Privman
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.
| | - Sergii Domanskyi
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA
| | - Roberto A S Luz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.,Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Nataliia Guz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA
| | | | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA.
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11
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Katz E, Minko S. Enzyme-based logic systems interfaced with signal-responsive materials and electrodes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3493-500. [PMID: 25578785 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-based biocomputing systems were interfaced with signal-responsive membranes and electrodes resulting in bioelectronic devices switchable by logically processed biomolecular signals. "Smart" membranes, electrodes, biofuel cells, memristors and substance-releasing systems were activated by various combinations of biomolecular signals in the pre-programmed way implemented in biocatalytic cascades mimicking logic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
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12
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Erbas-Cakmak S, Cakmak FP, Topel SD, Uyar TB, Akkaya EU. Selective photosensitization through an AND logic response: optimization of the pH and glutathione response of activatable photosensitizers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12258-61. [PMID: 26134889 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of pH and GSH responsive photosensitizers were designed and synthesized. pKa values were optimized by adjusting the inductive contribution of substituents to reach a pH range (6.0-7.4) relevant to the tumour microenvironment. pH-Activatable behaviour and redox mediated release of the quencher from the PS by GSH allow the construction of an AND logic operator for selective photodynamic action in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, TR-06800, Turkey.
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13
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Peri-Naor R, Ilani T, Motiei L, Margulies D. Protein-Protein Communication and Enzyme Activation Mediated by a Synthetic Chemical Transducer. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:9507-10. [PMID: 25955617 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The design and function of a synthetic "chemical transducer" that can generate an unnatural communication channel between two proteins is described. Specifically, we show how this transducer enables platelet-derived growth factor to trigger (in vitro) the catalytic activity of glutathione-s-transferase (GST), which is not its natural enzyme partner. GST activity can be further controlled by adding specific oligonucleotides that switch the enzymatic reaction on and off. We also demonstrate that a molecular machine, which can regulate the function of an enzyme, could be used to change the way a prodrug is activated in a "programmable" manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Peri-Naor
- †Departments of Organic Chemistry and ‡Structural Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tal Ilani
- †Departments of Organic Chemistry and ‡Structural Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- †Departments of Organic Chemistry and ‡Structural Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- †Departments of Organic Chemistry and ‡Structural Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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14
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Mailloux S, Gerasimova YV, Guz N, Kolpashchikov DM, Katz E. Bridging the Two Worlds: A Universal Interface between Enzymatic and DNA Computing Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6562-6. [PMID: 25864379 PMCID: PMC4495919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Molecular computing based on enzymes or nucleic acids has attracted a great deal of attention due to the perspectives of controlling living systems in the way we control electronic computers. Enzyme-based computational systems can respond to a great variety of small molecule inputs. They have the advantage of signal amplification and highly specific recognition. DNA computing systems are most often controlled by oligonucleotide inputs/outputs and are capable of sophisticated computing as well as controlling gene expressions. Here, we developed an interface that enables communication of otherwise incompatible nucleic-acid and enzyme-computational systems. The enzymatic system processes small molecules as inputs and produces NADH as an output. The NADH output triggers electrochemical release of an oligonucleotide, which is accepted by a DNA computational system as an input. This interface is universal because the enzymatic and DNA computing systems are independent of each other in composition and complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Mailloux
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810 (USA)
| | - Yulia V Gerasimova
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816-2366 (USA)
| | - Nataliia Guz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810 (USA)
| | - Dmitry M Kolpashchikov
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816-2366 (USA).
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810 (USA).
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15
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Katz E, Pingarrón JM, Mailloux S, Guz N, Gamella M, Melman G, Melman A. Substance Release Triggered by Biomolecular Signals in Bioelectronic Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1340-1347. [PMID: 26263133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to bioelectronic Sense-and-Act systems was developed with the use of modified electrodes performing sensing and substance-releasing functions. The sensing electrode was activated by biomolecular/biological signals ranging from small biomolecules to proteins and bacterial cells. The activated sensing electrode generated reductive potential and current, which stimulated dissolution of an Fe(3+)-cross-linked alginate matrix on the second connected electrode resulting in the release of loaded biochemical species with different functionalities. Drug-mimicking species, antibacterial drugs, and enzymes activating a biofuel cell were released and tested for various biomedical and biotechnological applications. The studied systems offer great versatility for future applications in controlled drug release and personalized medicine. Their future applications in implantable devices with autonomous operation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Katz
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - José M Pingarrón
- ‡Department of Analytical Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shay Mailloux
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Nataliia Guz
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Maria Gamella
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
- ‡Department of Analytical Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Galina Melman
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Artem Melman
- †Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
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16
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Mailloux S, Gerasimova YV, Guz N, Kolpashchikov DM, Katz E. Bridging the Two Worlds: A Universal Interface between Enzymatic and DNA Computing Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Liu Y, Wu HC, Chhuan M, Terrell JL, Tsao CY, Bentley WE, Payne GF. Functionalizing Soft Matter for Molecular Communication. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:320-328. [PMID: 26501127 PMCID: PMC4603720 DOI: 10.1021/ab500160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
information age was enabled by advances in microfabrication
and communication theory that allowed information to be processed
by electrons and transmitted by electromagnetic radiation. Despite
immense capabilities, microelectronics has limited abilities to access
and participate in the molecular-based communication that characterizes
our biological world. Here, we use biological materials and methods
to create components and fabricate devices to perform simple molecular
communication functions based on bacterial quorum sensing (QS). Components
were created by protein engineering to generate a multidomain fusion
protein capable of sending a molecular QS signal, and by synthetic
biology to engineer E. coli to receive and report
this QS signal. The device matrix was formed using stimuli-responsive
hydrogel-forming biopolymers (alginate and gelatin). Assembly of the
components within the device matrix was achieved by physically entrapping
the cell-based components, and covalently conjugating the protein-based
components using the enzyme microbial transglutaminase. We demonstrate
simple devices that can send or receive a molecular QS signal to/from
the surrounding medium, and a two-component device in which one component
generates the signal (i.e., issues a command) that is acted upon by
the second component. These studies illustrate the broad potential
of biofabrication to generate molecular communication devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Hsuan-Chen Wu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Melanie Chhuan
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jessica L Terrell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Chen-Yu Tsao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - William E Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Gregory F Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Gamella M, Guz N, Pingarrón JM, Aslebagh R, Darie CC, Katz E. A bioelectronic system for insulin release triggered by ketone body mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis in vitro. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7618-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01498k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A bioelectronic system was activated with a biomarker of diabetic ketoacidosis to release insulin operating as a Sense-and-Act device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gamella
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
| | - Nataliia Guz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - José M. Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - Roshanak Aslebagh
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
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Biosensors with built-in biomolecular logic gates for practical applications. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2014; 4:273-300. [PMID: 25587423 PMCID: PMC4264359 DOI: 10.3390/bios4030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecular logic gates, designs constructed with biological and chemical molecules, have emerged as an alternative computing approach to silicon-based logic operations. These molecular computers are capable of receiving and integrating multiple stimuli of biochemical significance to generate a definitive output, opening a new research avenue to advanced diagnostics and therapeutics which demand handling of complex factors and precise control. In molecularly gated devices, Boolean logic computations can be activated by specific inputs and accurately processed via bio-recognition, bio-catalysis, and selective chemical reactions. In this review, we survey recent advances of the molecular logic approaches to practical applications of biosensors, including designs constructed with proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, nanomaterials, and organic compounds, as well as the research avenues for future development of digitally operating “sense and act” schemes that logically process biochemical signals through networked circuits to implement intelligent control systems.
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Mailloux S, Guz N, Gamella Carballo M, Pingarrón JM, Katz E. Model system for targeted drug release triggered by immune-specific signals. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:4825-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mailloux S, Guz N, Zakharchenko A, Minko S, Katz E. Majority and minority gates realized in enzyme-biocatalyzed systems integrated with logic networks and interfaced with bioelectronic systems. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:6775-84. [PMID: 24873717 DOI: 10.1021/jp504057u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic reactions operating in parallel and resulting in reduction of NAD(+) or oxidation of NADH were used to mimic 3-input majority and minority logic gates, respectively. The substrates corresponding to the enzyme reactions were used as the input signals. When the input signals were applied at their high concentrations, defined as logic 1 input values, the corresponding biocatalytic reactions were activated, resulting in changes of the NADH concentration defined as the output signal. The NADH concentration changes were dependent on the number of parallel reactions activated by the input signals. The absence of the substrates, meaning their logic 0 input values, kept the reactions mute with no changes in the NADH concentration. In the system mimicking the majority function, the enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions resulted in a higher production of NADH when more than one input signal was applied at the logic 1 value. Another system mimicking the minority function consumed more NADH, thus leaving a smaller residual output signal, when more than one input signal was applied at the logic 1 value. The performance of the majority gate was improved by processing the output signal through a filter system in which another biocatalytic reaction consumed a fraction of the output signal, thus reducing its physical value to zero when the logic 0 value was obtained. The majority gate was integrated with a preceding AND logic gate to illustrate the possibility of complex networks. The output signal, NADH, was also used to activate a process mimicking drug release, thus illustrating the use of the majority gate in decision-making biomedical systems. The 3-input majority gate was also used as a switchable AND/OR gate when one of the input signals was reserved as a command signal, switching the logic operation for processing of the other two inputs. Overall, the designed majority and minority logic gates demonstrate novel functions of biomolecular information processing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Mailloux
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University , Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
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Abstract
AbstractThe focus of this review paper is on the design and implementation of smart ‘Sense-and-Treat’ systems using enzyme-biocatalytic systems. These systems were used to perform biomolecular computing and they were functionally integrated with signal responsive materials aiming towards their biomedical use. Electrode interfaces, functionalized with signal-responsive materials, find applications in biocomputing, biosensing, and, specifically, triggered release of bioactive substances. ‘Sense-and-Treat’ systems require multiple components working together, including biosensors, actuators, and filters, in order to achieve closed-loop and autonomous operation. In general, biochemical logic networks were developed to process single biochemical or chemical inputs as well as multiple inputs, responding to nonphysiological (for concept demonstration purposes) and physiological signals (for injury detection or diagnosis). Actuation of drug-mimicking release was performed using the responsive material iron-cross-linked alginate with entrapped biomolecular species, responding to physical, chemical or biochemical signals.
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Mailloux S, Halámek J, Katz E. A model system for targeted drug release triggered by biomolecular signals logically processed through enzyme logic networks. Analyst 2014; 139:982-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an02162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Mailloux S, Zavalov O, Guz N, Katz E, Bocharova V. Enzymatic filter for improved separation of output signals in enzyme logic systems towards ‘sense and treat’ medicine. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:184-191. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60197h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Privman V, Zavalov O, Halámková L, Moseley F, Halámek J, Katz E. Networked Enzymatic Logic Gates with Filtering: New Theoretical Modeling Expressions and Their Experimental Application. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:14928-39. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lenka Halámková
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | | | - Jan Halámek
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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Li Y, Yang Z, Hu N, Zhou R, Chen X. Insights into hydrogen bond dynamics at the interface of the charged monolayer-protected Au nanoparticle from molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:184703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4803504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Mailloux S, Halámek J, Halámková L, Tokarev A, Minko S, Katz E. Biomolecular release triggered by glucose input – bioelectronic coupling of sensing and actuating systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4755-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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