1
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Chen Z, Wang S, Xiong W, Wang F. Enhancing the energetic and magnetic stability of atomic hydrogen chemisorbed on graphene using (non)compensated B-N pairs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13731-13739. [PMID: 38682161 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00923a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In this pioneering study for identifying atomic scale magnetic moment, a single hydrogen atom chemisorbed on pristine graphene exhibits distinct spin polarization. Using first-principles calculations and analyses, we demonstrate that the binding between a H adsorbate and a C substrate is substantially enhanced via compensated B-N pairs embedded into graphene. Surprisingly, the interaction can be further enhanced via non-compensated B-N pair doping. Our established prototype of orbital intercoupling between H 1s and hybridized pz of gapped band edges gives an insight into the enhancing mechanism. For compensated B-N doping, the conduction band minimum (CBM) is pushed upward, which induces stronger interaction between the H 1s and hybridized pz orbitals of the CBM. For non-compensated B-N doping, the orbital interaction occurs between H 1s and hybridized pz orbitals of valence band maximum, thus further lowering the resulting bonding energy due to the enlarged gap. This significantly enhanced interaction between H and C atoms agrees well with the results of charge localization at the gapped band edges. More importantly, the corresponding magnetic moments can be well maintained or even enhanced in both doping; here, one more H atom is needed for non-compensated doping, where its electron occupies the empty CBM. Our findings might provide an effective and practical way to enhance the energetic and magnetic stability of atomic scale magnetic moment on graphene and extensively expand the conception of non-compensated doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Chen
- College of Software, Henan Finance University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sanjun Wang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Henan Finance University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Fei Wang
- International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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2
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Singh R, Samuel MS, Ravikumar M, Ethiraj S, Kumar M. Graphene materials in pollution trace detection and environmental improvement. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117830. [PMID: 38056611 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is a pressing issue experienced in numerous countries and is expected to become increasingly critical in the future. Anthropogenic activities such as mining, agriculture, industries, and domestic waste discharge toxic contaminants into natural water bodies, causing pollution. Addressing these environmental crises requires tackling the challenge of removing pollutants from water. Graphene oxide (GO), a form of graphene functionalized with oxygen-containing chemical groups, has recently garnered renewed interest due to its exceptional properties. These properties include a large surface area, mechanical stability, and adjustable electrical and optical characteristics. Additionally, surface functional groups like hydroxyl, epoxy, and carboxyl groups make GO an outstanding candidate for interacting with other materials or molecules. Because of its expanded structural diversity and enhanced overall properties, GO and its composites hold significant promise for a wide range of applications in energy storage, conversion, and environmental protection. These applications encompass hydrogen storage materials, photocatalysts for water splitting, the removal of air pollutants, and water purification. Serving as electrode materials for various lithium batteries and supercapacitors. Graphene-based materials, including graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene polymer nanocomposites, and graphene nanoparticle metal hybrids, have emerged as valuable tools in energy and environmental remediation technologies. This review article provides an overview of the significant impact of graphene-based materials in various areas. Regarding energy-related topics, this article explores the applications of graphene-based materials in supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and catalysts for fuel cells. Additionally, the article investigates recent advancements in detecting and treating persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals using nanomaterials. The article also discusses recent developments in creating innovative nanomaterials, nanostructures, and treatment methods for addressing POPs and heavy metals in water. It aims to present the field's current state and will be a valuable resource for individuals interested in nanomaterials and related materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Singh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Melvin S Samuel
- Department of Bioengineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | | | - Selvarajan Ethiraj
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohanraj Kumar
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413310, Taiwan
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3
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Wu L, Li M, Zhou B, Xu S, Yuan L, Wei J, Wang J, Zou S, Xie W, Qiu Y, Rao M, Chen G, Ding L, Yan K. Reversible Stacking of 2D ZnIn 2 S 4 Atomic Layers for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303821. [PMID: 37328439 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is technically challenging to reversibly tune the layer number of 2D materials in the solution. Herein, a facile concentration modulation strategy is demonstrated to reversibly tailor the aggregation state of 2D ZnIn2 S4 (ZIS) atomic layers, and they are implemented for effective photocatalytic hydrogen (H2 ) evolution. By adjusting the colloidal concentration of ZIS (ZIS-X, X = 0.09, 0.25, or 3.0 mg mL-1 ), ZIS atomic layers exhibit the significant aggregation of (006) facet stacking in the solution, leading to the bandgap shift from 3.21 to 2.66 eV. The colloidal stacked layers are further assembled into hollow microsphere after freeze-drying the solution into solid powders, which can be redispersed into colloidal solution with reversibility. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of ZIS-X colloids is evaluated, and the slightly aggregated ZIS-0.25 displays the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution rates (1.11 µmol m-2 h-1 ). The charge-transfer/recombination dynamics are characterized by time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy, and ZIS-0.25 displays the longest lifetime (5.55 µs), consistent with the best photocatalytic performance. This work provides a facile, consecutive, and reversible strategy for regulating the photo-electrochemical properties of 2D ZIS, which is beneficial for efficient solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Biao Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jianwu Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jiarong Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shibing Zou
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weiguang Xie
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yongcai Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Mumin Rao
- Guangdong Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute of Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Guangxu Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center of Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Keyou Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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4
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Småbråten D, Nylund IE, Marshall K, Walker J, Benelmekki M, Einarsrud MA, Kioseoglou J, Selbach SM. Electronic Structure and Surface Chemistry of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on HOPG and Nickel Substrates. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24813-24830. [PMID: 37483195 PMCID: PMC10357548 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of point defects and interactions with the substrate are shown by density functional theory calculations to be of significant importance for the structure and functional properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) films on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and Ni(111) substrates. The structure, surface chemistry, and electronic properties are calculated for h-BN systems with selected intrinsic, oxygen, and carbon defects and with graphene hybrid structures. The electronic structure of a pristine monolayer of h-BN is dependent on the type of substrate, as h-BN is decoupled electronically from the HOPG surface and acts as bulk-like h-BN, whereas on a Ni(111) substrate, metallic-like behavior is predicted. These different film/substrate systems therefore show different reactivities and defect chemistries. The formation energies for substitutional defects are significantly lower than for intrinsic defects regardless of the substrate, and vacancies formed during film deposition are expected to be filled by either ambient oxygen or carbon from impurities. Significantly lower formation energies for intrinsic and oxygen and carbon substitutional defects were predicted for h-BN on Ni(111). In-plane h-BCN hybrid structures were predicted to be terminated by N-C bonding. Substitutional carbon on the boron site imposes n-type semiconductivity in h-BN, and the n-type character increases significantly for h-BN on HOPG. The h-BN film surface becomes electronically decoupled from the substrate when exceeding monolayer thickness, showing that the surface electronic properties and point defect chemistry for multilayer h-BN films should be comparable to those of a freestanding h-BN layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didrik
René Småbråten
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department
of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Inger-Emma Nylund
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenneth Marshall
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julian Walker
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria Benelmekki
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari-Ann Einarsrud
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joseph Kioseoglou
- Department
of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sverre M. Selbach
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, NTNU
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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5
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Guo H, Garro-Hernandorena A, Martínez-Galera AJ, Gómez-Rodríguez JM. Lateral Heterostructures of Graphene and h-BN with Atomic Lattice Coherence and Tunable Rotational Order. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207217. [PMID: 36710252 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In-plane heterostructures of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) exhibit exceptional properties, which are highly sensitive to the structure of the alternating domains. Nevertheless, achieving accurate control over their structural properties, while keeping a high perfection at the graphene-h-BN boundaries, still remains a challenge. Here, the growth of lateral heterostructures of graphene and h-BN on Rh(110) surfaces is reported. The choice of the 2D material, grown firstly, determines the structural properties of the whole heterostructure layer, allowing to have control over the rotational order of the domains. The atomic-scale observation of the boundaries demonstrates a perfect lateral matching. In-plane heterostructures floating over an oxygen layer have been successfully obtained, enabling to observe intervalley scattering processes in graphene regions. The high tuning capabilities of these heterostructures, along with their good structural quality, even around the boundaries, suggest their usage as test beds for fundamental studies aiming at the development of novel nanomaterials with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Guo
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Ane Garro-Hernandorena
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Antonio J Martínez-Galera
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - José M Gómez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
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6
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Idisi DO, Ahia CC, Meyer EL, Bodunrin JO, Benecha EM. Graphene oxide:Fe 2O 3 nanocomposites for photodetector applications: experimental and ab initio density functional theory study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6038-6050. [PMID: 36825286 PMCID: PMC9942109 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, a GO:Fe2O3 nanocomposite was synthesized using a one-step covalent attachment approach using a sol-gel technique. The optical absorbance, photoconductive, photo-capacitive, and electrical properties were obtained using spectroscopy, and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. An enhanced optical absorbance with corresponding band gap reduction is observed when Fe2O3 nanoparticles are incorporated in GO. A corresponding enhanced photoconductance in the order of ×101 was observed due to the impact of band gap narrowing. The enhanced photoconductivity and photo-capacitance can be attributed to energy and charge transfer between GO and Fe atoms, leading to the generation of photo-induced excitons. Density function theory calculations indicate increased charge transfer when GO is doped with Fe-O atoms, which is consistent with experimental data. The observed results could potentially enable the use of GO:Fe2O3 nanocomposites for photodetectors and other optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O. Idisi
- Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice5700South Africa
| | - Chinedu C. Ahia
- Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice5700South Africa
| | - Edson L. Meyer
- Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314Alice5700South Africa
| | - Joseph O. Bodunrin
- Department of Physics, CSET, University of South AfricaPrivate Bag X6, Florida Science Campus, Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Florida Park, Florida1710JohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Evans M. Benecha
- Department of Physics, CSET, University of South AfricaPrivate Bag X6, Florida Science Campus, Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Florida Park, Florida1710JohannesburgSouth Africa
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7
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Garg H, Patial S, Raizada P, Nguyen VH, Kim SY, Le QV, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM, Hussain CM, Nguyen TTH, Singh P. Hexagonal-borocarbonitride (h-BCN) based heterostructure photocatalyst for energy and environmental applications: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137610. [PMID: 36563726 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Formulation of heterojunction with remarkable high efficiency by utilizing solar light is promising to synchronously overcome energy and environmental crises. In this concern, hexagonal-borocarbonitride (h-BCN) based Z-schemes have proved potential candidates due to their spatially separated oxidation and reduction sites, robust light-harvesting ability, high charge pair migration and separation, and strong redox ability. H-BCN has emerged as a hotspot in the research field as a metal-free photocatalyst with a tunable bandgap range of 0-5.5 eV. The BCN photocatalyst displayed synergistic benefits of both graphene and boron nitride. Herein, the review demonstrates the current state-of-the-art in the Z-scheme photocatalytic application with a special emphasis on the predominant features of their photoactivity. Initially, fundamental aspects and various synthesis techniques are discussed, including thermal polymerization, template-assisted, and template-free methods. Afterward, the reaction mechanism of direct Z-scheme photocatalysts and indirect Z-scheme (all-solid-state) are highlighted. Moreover, the emerging Step-scheme (S-scheme) systems are briefly deliberated to understand the charge transfer pathway mechanism with an induced internal electric field. This review critically aims to comprehensively summarize the photo-redox applications of various h-BCN-based heterojunction photocatalysts including CO2 photoreduction, H2 evolution, and pollutants degradation. Finally, some challenges and future direction of h-BCN-based Z-scheme photocatalyst in environmental remediation are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Garg
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Shilpa Patial
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Pankaj Raizada
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N J, 07102, USA
| | - Thi Thanh Huyen Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India.
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8
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Wei W, Zhang C, Li H, Pan J, Tan Z, Li Y, Cui Y. In Situ Growth Dynamics of Uniform Bilayer Graphene with Different Twisted Angles Following Layer-by-Layer Mode. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11201-11207. [PMID: 36445339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of large-area uniform bilayer graphene (BLG) with different twisted angles has gathered extensive interest but remains a challenge, hindered by the ubiquitous layer-plus-island growth and the uncontrollable layer rotation. Herein, using real-time surface imaging, film uniformity and stacking structures in BLG were well controlled by a two-step carbon segregation on Ni(111) films following the layer-by-layer growth mode. The aligned first graphene layers formed at 850 °C through a thermodynamics-limit process, followed by decreasing temperatures to grow the second layers, eventually enabling the extremely uniform 15°-twisted BLG at 790 °C and AB-stacked BLG at 720 °C, respectively. Essentially, the growth dynamics is perceived to determine that for the different stacking structures, nonaligned second layers are more kinetically preferable than aligned ones at relatively high temperatures, but the case reverses at low temperatures. This work conveys a fundamental dynamic understanding of the controllable integration of uniform BLG and tuning stacking structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haobo Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Yajuan Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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9
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Pawlak R, Anindya KN, Shimizu T, Liu JC, Sakamaki T, Shang R, Rochefort A, Nakamura E, Meyer E. Atomically Precise Incorporation of BN-Doped Rubicene into Graphene Nanoribbons. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:19726-19732. [PMID: 36466036 PMCID: PMC9707517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c05866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Substituting heteroatoms and non-benzenoid carbons into nanographene structure offers a unique opportunity for atomic engineering of electronic properties. Here we show the bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with embedded fused BN-doped rubicene components on a Au(111) surface using on-surface chemistry. Structural and electronic properties of the BN-GNRs are characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) with CO-terminated tips supported by numerical calculations. The periodic incorporation of BN heteroatoms in the GNR leads to an increase of the electronic band gap as compared to its undoped counterpart. This opens avenues for the rational design of semiconducting GNRs with optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Pawlak
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khalid N. Anindya
- Engineering
Physics Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Toshiki Shimizu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jung-Ching Liu
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Takumi Sakamaki
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Alain Rochefort
- Engineering
Physics Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Chegel R. Combined effect of stacking and magnetic field on the electrical conductivity and heat capacity of biased trilayer BP and BN. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 121:108372. [PMID: 36863141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the Kubo-Greenwood formula based on the tight-binding model is used to investigate the effects of the bias voltage and magnetic field on the electrical conductivity and heat capacity of the trilayer BP and BN with energy-stable stacking structures. The results show that electronic and thermal properties of the selected structures can be significantly modified by external fields. The position and intensity of DOS peaks and the band gap of selected structures are affected by the external fields. When external fields increases above critical value, the band gap decreases to zero and semiconductor-metallic transition occurs. The results show that the thermal properties of the BP and BN structures are zero in TZ temperature region and increase by temperature above TZ. The increasing rate for thermal properties depends on the stacking configuration and changes with the bias voltage and magnetic field. In the presence of the stronger field, the TZ region decreases below 100 K. Compared to the BP structures, the BN types with larger band gap has smaller electrical conductivity which can be increased in order to 3L-BP by applying the stronger magnetic field or bias voltage. These results are interesting for the future development of nanoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raad Chegel
- Physics Department, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran.
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11
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Zafari M, Umer M, Nissimagoudar AS, Anand R, Ha M, Umer S, Lee G, Kim KS. Unveiling the Role of Charge Transfer in Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation at Single-Atom Catalysts on BX Sheets (X = As, P, Sb). J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4530-4537. [PMID: 35576271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To tune single-atom catalysts (SACs) for effective nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), we investigate various transition metals implanted on boron-arsenide (BAs), boron-phosphide (BP), and boron-antimony (BSb) using density functional theory (DFT). Interestingly, W-BAs shows high catalytic activity and excellent selectivity with an insignificant barrier of only 0.05 eV along the distal pathway and a surmountable kinetic barrier of 0.34 eV. The W-BSb and Mo-BSb exhibit high performances with limiting potentials of -0.19 and -0.34 V. The Bader-charge descriptor reveals that the charge transfers from substrate to *NNH in the first protonation step and from *NH3 to substrate in the last protonation step, circumventing a big hurdle in NRR by achieving negative free energy change of *NH2 to *NH3. Furthermore, machine learning (ML) descriptors are introduced to reduce computational cost. Our rational design meets the three critical prerequisites of chemisorbing N2 molecules, stabilizing *NNH, and destabilizing *NH2 adsorbates for high-efficiency NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zafari
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Arun S Nissimagoudar
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohit Anand
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Ha
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohaib Umer
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunsik Lee
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang S Kim
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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12
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Pramanik A, Thakur S, Singh B, Willke P, Wenderoth M, Hofsäss H, Di Santo G, Petaccia L, Maiti K. Anomalies at the Dirac Point in Graphene and Its Hole-Doped Compositions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:166401. [PMID: 35522498 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.166401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the properties of the Dirac states in SiC-graphene and its hole-doped compositions employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory. The symmetry-selective measurements for the Dirac bands reveal their linearly dispersive behavior across the Dirac point which was termed as the anomalous region in earlier studies. No gap is observed even after boron substitution that reduced the carrier concentration significantly from 3.7×10^{13} cm^{-2} in SiC-graphene to 0.8×10^{13} cm^{-2} (5% doping). The anomalies at the Dirac point are attributed to the spectral width arising from the lifetime and momentum broadening in the experiments. The substitution of boron at the graphitic sites leads to a band renormalization and a shift of the Dirac point towards the Fermi level. The internal symmetries appear to be preserved in SiC-graphene even after significant boron substitutions. These results suggest that SiC-graphene is a good platform to realize exotic science as well as advanced technology where the carrier properties like concentration, mobility, etc., can be tuned keeping the Dirac fermionic properties protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Pramanik
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sangeeta Thakur
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bahadur Singh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Philip Willke
- IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Wenderoth
- IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans Hofsäss
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Santo
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Petaccia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kalobaran Maiti
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
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13
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First-Principles Study of Electronic Properties of Substitutionally Doped Monolayer SnP3. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072462. [PMID: 35407794 PMCID: PMC8999696 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
SnP3 has a great prospect in electronic and thermoelectric device applications due to its moderate band gap, high carrier mobility, absorption coefficients, and dynamical and chemical stability. Doping in two-dimensional semiconductors is likely to display various anomalous behaviors when compared to doping in bulk semiconductors due to the significant electron confinement effect. By introducing foreign atoms from group III to VI, we can successfully modify the electronic properties of two-dimensional SnP3. The interaction mechanism between the dopants and atoms nearby is also different from the type of doped atom. Both Sn7BP24 and Sn7NP24 systems are indirect bandgap semiconductors, while the Sn7AlP24, Sn7GaP24, Sn7PP24, and Sn7AsP24 systems are metallic due to the contribution of doped atoms intersecting the Fermi level. For all substitutionally doped 2D SnP3 systems considered here, all metallic systems are nonmagnetic states. In addition, monolayer Sn7XP24 and Sn8P23Y may have long-range and local magnetic moments, respectively, because of the degree of hybridization between the dopant and its adjacent atoms. The results complement theoretical knowledge and reveal prospective applications of SnP3-based electrical nanodevices for the future.
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14
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Gul I, Yar M, Ahmed A, Hashmi MA, Ayub K. Permeability of boron- and nitrogen-doped graphene nanoflakes for protium/deuterium ions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3883-3891. [PMID: 35425466 PMCID: PMC8981073 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09398c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer nanomaterials are the thinnest possible membranes with interesting selective permeation characteristics. Among two-dimensional materials, graphenes and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) are the most promising membrane materials, which can even allow the separation of proton isotopes. The current work aims at understanding the higher reported permeability of h-BN by sequential doping of B and N atoms in graphene nanoflakes. The kinetic barriers were calculated with two different models of graphenes; coronene and dodecabenzocoronene via zero-point energy calculations at the transition state for proton permeability. The lower barriers for h-BN are mainly due to boron atoms. The trends of kinetic barriers are B < BN < N-doped graphenes. The permeation selectivity of graphene models increases with doping. Our studies suggest that boron-doped graphene models show an energy barrier of 0.04 eV for the permeation of proton, much lower than that of the model graphene and h-BN sheet, while nitrogen-doped graphenes have a very high energy barrier up to 7.44 eV for permeation. Therefore, boron-doped graphene models are suitable candidates for proton permeation. Moreover, the presence of carbon atoms in the periphery of BN sheets has significant negative effects on the permeation of proton isotopes, an unexplored dimension of the remote neighboring effect in 2-D materials. This study illustrates the need for permeation study through other hetero-2D surfaces, where interesting hidden chemistry is still unexplored. Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer nanomaterials are the thinnest possible membranes with interesting selective permeation characteristics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Gul
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK Pakistan 22060 +92-992-383441 +92-992-383591-6
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK Pakistan 22060 +92-992-383441 +92-992-383591-6
| | - Arsalan Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK Pakistan 22060 +92-992-383441 +92-992-383591-6
| | - Muhammad Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education 54770 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK Pakistan 22060 +92-992-383441 +92-992-383591-6
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15
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Zhao YQ, Lan JQ, Hu CE, Mu Y, Chen XR. Electron Transport of the Nanojunctions of (BN) n ( n = 1-4) Linear Chains: A First-Principles Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:15727-15736. [PMID: 34179616 PMCID: PMC8223222 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We applied the density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green's function method (DFT + NEGF) to investigate the relationship between the conductance and chain length in the stretching process, the asymmetric coupling of contact points, and the influence of positive and negative biases on the electron transport properties of the nanojunctions formed by the coupling of (BN) n (n = 1-4) linear chains and Au(100)-3 × 3 semi-infinite electrodes. We find that the BN junction has the lowest stability and the (BN)2 junction has the highest stability. Under zero bias, the equilibrium conductance decreases as the chain length increases; px and py orbitals play a leading role in electron transport. In the bias range of -1.6 to 1.6 V, the current of the (BN) n (n = 1-4) linear chains increases linearly with increasing voltage. Under the same bias voltage, (BN)1 has the largest current, so its electron transport property is the best. The rectification effect reflects the asymmetry of the structure of BN linear chains themselves and the asymmetry of coupling with the Au electrode surfaces at both ends. With the chain length increasing, the transmission spectrum near E f is suppressed, the tunneling current decreases, and the rectification ratio increases. (BN)4 molecular junctions have the largest rectification ratio, reaching 13.32 when the bias voltage is 1.6 V. Additionally, the Au-N strong coupling is more conducive to the electron transport of the molecular chain than the Au-B weak coupling. Our calculations provide an important theoretical reference for the design and development of BN linear-chain nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qin Zhao
- College
of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jun-Qing Lan
- College
of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University
of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Cui-E Hu
- College
of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing
Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
| | - Yi Mu
- School
of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan
Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Chen
- College
of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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16
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Oliveira IS, Lima JS, Freitas A, Bezerra CG, Azevedo S, Machado LD. Investigating size effects in graphene-BN hybrid monolayers: a combined density functional theory-molecular dynamics study. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12595-12606. [PMID: 35423788 PMCID: PMC8697127 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00316j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We combine Density Functional Theory (DFT) and classical Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to study graphene-boron nitride (BN) hybrid monolayers spanning a wide range of sizes (from 2 nm to 100 nm). Our simulations show that the elastic properties depend on the fraction of BN contained in the monolayer, with Young's modulus values decreasing as the BN concentration increases. Furthermore, our calculations reveal that the mechanical properties are weakly anisotropic. We also analyze the evolution of the stress distribution during our MD simulations. Curiously, we find that stress does not concentrate on the graphene-BN interface, even though fracture always starts in this region. Hence, we find that fracture is caused by the lower strength of C-N and C-B bonds, rather than by high local stress values. Still, in spite of the fact that the weaker bonds in the interface region become a lower fraction of the total as size increases, we find that the mechanical properties of the hybrid monolayers do not depend on the size of the structure, for constant graphene/BN concentrations. Our results indicate that the mechanical properties of the hybrid monolayers are independent of scale, so long as the graphene sheet and the h-BN nanodomain decrease or increase proportionately.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Caixa Postal 5008 58051-970 João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - J S Lima
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 59072-970 Natal RN Brazil
| | - A Freitas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 59072-970 Natal RN Brazil
| | - C G Bezerra
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 59072-970 Natal RN Brazil
| | - S Azevedo
- Departamento de Física, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Caixa Postal 5008 58051-970 João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - L D Machado
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 59072-970 Natal RN Brazil
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17
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Kumar J, Shrivastava M. Introduction of Near to Far Infrared Range Direct Band Gaps in Graphene: A First Principle Insight. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5619-5626. [PMID: 33681601 PMCID: PMC7931398 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lack of band gaps hinders application of graphene in the fields like logic, optoelectronics, and sensing despite its various extraordinary properties. In this work, we have done systematic investigations on direct band gap opening in graphene by hydrogenation and fluorination of carbon vacancies using the density functional theory computational approach. We have seen that although a carbon vacancy (void) opens an indirect band gap in graphene, it also creates unwanted mid gap (trap) states, which is attributed to unbound orbitals of the nearest unsaturated carbon atoms at the vacant site. The unsaturated carbon atoms and corresponding trap states can degrade the stability of graphene and create band gaps particularly for large size vacancies. We have proposed that hydrogenation or fluorination of the unsaturated carbon atoms near the vacant site helps in disappearance of the trap states while contributing to promising direct band gaps in graphene. The opened band gap is tunable in the infrared regime and persists for different sizes and densities of hydrogenated or fluorinated patterns. In addition, we have also found that the proposed approach is thermodynamically favorable as well as stable. This keeps the planar nature of the graphene monolayer, despite creation of defects and subsequent functionalization, thereby making it useful for 2D material-based electronics, optoelectronics, and sensing applications.
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18
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Rostami M, Nayebossadr S, Mozaffari S, Sobhani-Nasab A, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Ganjali MR, Bardajee GR, Badiei A. Heterojunction of N/B/RGO and g-C 3N 4 anchored magnetic ZnFe 2O 4@ZnO for promoting UV/Vis-induced photo-catalysis and in vitro toxicity studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11430-11443. [PMID: 33123882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To promote the low photocatalytic efficiency caused by the recombination of electron/hole pairs and widen the photo-response wavelength window, ZnFe2O4@ZnO-N/B/RGO and ZnFe2O4@ZnO-C3N4 ternary heterojunction nanophotocatalysts were designed and successfully prepared through a sol-gel technique. In comparison to bare ZnFe2O4 and ZnO, the ZnFe2O4-ZnO@N/B/RGO and ZnFe2O4@ZnO-C3N4 ternary products showed highly improved photocatalytic properties in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under ultra-violet (UV) and visible light irradiation. Various physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts were evaluated through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The observations indicated that the ternary heterojuncted ZnFe2O4@ZnO-N/B/RGO absorbs lower energy visible light wavelengths, which is an enhancement in the photocatalytic properties of ZnFe2O4@ZnO loaded on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets and graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4). This gives the catalyst photo-Fenton degradation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Rostami
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Sobhani-Nasab
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Core Research Lab, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimi-Nasrabadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Badiei
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Lima JS, Oliveira IS, Azevedo S, Freitas A, Bezerra CG, Machado LD. Mechanical and electronic properties of boron nitride nanosheets with graphene domains under strain. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35127-35140. [PMID: 35493153 PMCID: PMC9042849 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05831b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid structures comprised of graphene domains embedded in larger hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets were first synthesized in 2013. However, the existing theoretical investigations on them have only considered relaxed structures. In this work, we use Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the mechanical and electronic properties of this type of nanosheet under strain. Our results reveal that the Young's modulus of the hybrid sheets depends only on the relative concentration of graphene and h-BN in the structure, showing little dependence on the shape of the domain or the size of the structure for a given concentration. Regarding the tensile strength, we obtained higher values using triangular graphene domains. We find that the studied systems can withstand large strain values (between 15% and 22%) before fracture, which always begins at the weaker C–B bonds located at the interface between the two materials. Concerning the electronic properties, we find that by combining composition and strain, we can produce hybrid sheets with band gaps spanning an extensive range of values (between 1.0 eV and 3.5 eV). Our results also show that the band gap depends more on the composition than on the external strain, particularly for structures with low carbon concentration. The combination of atomic-scale thickness, high ultimate strain, and adjustable band gap suggests applications of h-BN nanosheets with graphene domains in wearable electronics. We investigate the mechanical and electronic properties of hBN nanosheets with graphene domains under strain. We find that the structures withstand large strain values and present highly adjustable band gaps, ranging from 1.0 to 3.5 eV.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Lima
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - I. S. Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - S. Azevedo
- Departamento de Física, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - A. Freitas
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - C. G. Bezerra
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - L. D. Machado
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
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20
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Pham KD, Nguyen CV, Binh NTT, Nguyen CQ, Idrees M, Amin B, Nguyen ST, Hieu NV. Two-dimensional blue phosphorene–BAs vdW heterostructure with optical and photocatalytic properties: a first-principles study. RSC Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the electronic, optical and photocatalytic properties of a blue phosphorene–BAs (BlueP–BAs) vdW heterostructure using first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khang D. Pham
- Laboratory of Applied Physics
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science
- Ton Duc Thang University
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
| | - C. V. Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Le Quy Don Technical University
- Ha Noi
- Vietnam
| | | | - Cuong Q. Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development
- Duy Tan University
- Da Nang 550000
- Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
| | - M. Idrees
- Department of Physics
- Hazara University
- Mansehra 21300
- Pakistan
| | - B. Amin
- Department of Physics
- Abbottabad University of Science and Technology
- Abbottabad 22010
- Pakistan
| | - Son-Tung Nguyen
- Department of Electrical Engineering Technology
- Ha Noi University of Industry
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Nguyen V. Hieu
- Department of Physics
- The University of Da Nang Danang
- University of Education and Science
- Da Nang
- Vietnam
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21
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Pham DK, Nguyen ST, Nguyen CQ. Structural and electronic properties of a novel two-dimensional Janus Pd 4S 3Se 3 monolayer controllable by electric field and strain engineering. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02824c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the structural and electronic properties of a newly-discovered two-dimensional Janus Pd4S3Se3 monolayer, as well as its controllable structural and electronic properties under an electric field and strain engineering using first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. K. Pham
- Institute of Applied Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
| | - Son-Tung Nguyen
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - C. Q. Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
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22
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Giusto P, Arazoe H, Cruz D, Lova P, Heil T, Aida T, Antonietti M. Boron Carbon Nitride Thin Films: From Disordered to Ordered Conjugated Ternary Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20883-20891. [PMID: 33245855 PMCID: PMC7735703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
present an innovative method for the synthesis of boron carbon nitride
thin film materials in a simple furnace setup, using commonly available
solid precursors and relatively low temperature compared to previous
attempts. The as-prepared structural and optical properties of thin
films are tuned via the precursor content, leading to a sp2-conjugated boron nitride–carbon nitride mixed material, instead
of the commonly reported boron nitride–graphene phase segregation,
with tunable optical properties such as band gap and fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giusto
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Hiroki Arazoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, Mülheim 45470, Germany
| | - Paola Lova
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Universita degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Tobias Heil
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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23
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Junaid M, Khir MHM, Witjaksono G, Tansu N, Saheed MSM, Kumar P, Ullah Z, Yar A, Usman F. Boron-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide with Tunable Bandgap and Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance. Molecules 2020; 25:E3646. [PMID: 32796504 PMCID: PMC7465222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its hybrids are being employed as potential materials in light-sensing devices due to their high optical and electronic properties. However, the absence of a bandgap in graphene limits the realization of devices with high performance. In this work, a boron-doped reduced graphene oxide (B-rGO) is proposed to overcome the above problems. Boron doping enhances the conductivity of graphene oxide and creates several defect sites during the reduction process, which can play a vital role in achieving high-sensing performance of light-sensing devices. Initially, the B-rGO is synthesized using a modified microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and later analyzed using standard FESEM, FTIR, XPS, Raman, and XRD techniques. The content of boron in doped rGO was found to be 6.51 at.%. The B-rGO showed a tunable optical bandgap from 2.91 to 3.05 eV in the visible spectrum with an electrical conductivity of 0.816 S/cm. The optical constants obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectra suggested an enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) response for B-rGO in the theoretical study, which was further verified by experimental investigations. The B-rGO with tunable bandgap and enhanced SPR could open up the solution for future high-performance optoelectronic and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering, and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - M. H. Md Khir
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Gunawan Witjaksono
- BRI Institute, Jl. Harsono RM No.2, Ragunan, Passsar Minggu, Jakarta 12550, Indonesia;
| | - Nelson Tansu
- Center for Photonics and Nanoelectronics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, 7 Asa Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Zaka Ullah
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Asfand Yar
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.Y.); (F.U.)
| | - Fahad Usman
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (A.Y.); (F.U.)
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24
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Synthesis of BCN nanoribbons from coconut shells using as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Guan Z, Ni S, Hu S. First-Principles Study of 3d Transition-Metal-Atom Adsorption onto Graphene Embedded with the Extended Line Defect. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5900-5910. [PMID: 32226870 PMCID: PMC7097999 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A type of line defect (LD) composed of alternate squares and octagons (4-8) as the basic unit is currently an experimentally available topological defect in the graphene lattice, which brings some interesting modifications to the magnetic and electronic properties of graphene. The transitional-metal (TM) atoms adsorb on graphene with a line defect (4-8), and they show interesting and attractive structural, magnetic, and electronic properties. For different TMs such as Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, and V, the complex systems show different magnetic and electronic properties. The TM atoms can spontaneously adsorb at quadrangular sites, forming a metallic atomic chain along LD on graphene. The most stable configuration is the hollow site of a regular tangle. The TMs (TM = Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, V) tend to form extended metal lines, showing a ferromagnetic (FM) ground state. For the Co, Fe, and V atoms, the system is half-metal. The spin-α electron is insulating, while the spin-β electron is conductive. For the Mn and Ni atoms, Mn-LD and Ni-LD present a spin-polarized metal; for the Fe atom, Fe-LD shows a semimetal with Dirac cones. For Fe and V atoms, both Fe-LD and V-LD show spin-polarized half-metallic properties. And its spin-α electron is conducting, while the spin-β electron is insulating. Different TMs adsorbing on a graphene nanoribbon forming the same stable configurations of metal lines show different electronic properties. The adsorption of TMs induces magnetism and spin polarization. These metal lines have potential applications in spintronic devices and work as a quasi-one-dimensional metallic wire, which may form building blocks for atomic-scale electrons with well-controlled contacts at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Ni
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, P. R. China
| | - Shuanglin Hu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, P. R. China
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26
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Huang HH, Fan X, Singh DJ, Zheng WT. Recent progress of TMD nanomaterials: phase transitions and applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1247-1268. [PMID: 31912836 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08313h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show wide ranges of electronic properties ranging from semiconducting, semi-metallic to metallic due to their remarkable structural differences. To obtain 2D TMDs with specific properties, it is extremely important to develop particular strategies to obtain specific phase structures. Phase engineering is a traditional method to achieve transformation from one phase to another controllably. Control of such transformations enables the control of properties and access to a range of properties, otherwise inaccessible. Then extraordinary structural, electronic and optical properties lead to a broad range of potential applications. In this review, we introduce the various electronic properties of 2D TMDs and their polymorphs, and strategies and mechanisms for phase transitions, and phase transition kinetics. Moreover, the potential applications of 2D TMDs in energy storage and conversion, including electro/photocatalysts, batteries/supercapacitors and electronic devices, are also discussed. Finally, opportunities and challenges are highlighted. This review may further promote the development of TMD phase engineering and shed light on other two-dimensional materials of fundamental interest and with potential ranges of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - David J Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7010, USA and Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - W T Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China. and State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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27
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Rahman MH, Mitra S, Motalab M, Bose P. Investigation on the mechanical properties and fracture phenomenon of silicon doped graphene by molecular dynamics simulation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31318-31332. [PMID: 35520677 PMCID: PMC9056426 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon doping is an effective way to modulate the bandgap of graphene that might open the door for graphene to the semiconductor industries. However, the mechanical properties of silicon doped graphene (SiG) also plays an important role to realize its full potential application in the electronics industry. Electronic and optical properties of silicon doped graphene are well studied, but, our understanding of mechanical and fracture properties of the doped structure is still in its infancy. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are conducted to investigate the tensile properties of SiG by varying the concentration of silicon. It is found that as the concentration of silicon increases, both fracture stress and strain of graphene reduces substantially. Our MD results also suggest that only 5% of silicon doping can reduce the Young's modulus of graphene by ∼15.5% along the armchair direction and ∼13.5% along the zigzag direction. Tensile properties of silicon doped graphene have been compared with boron and nitrogen doped graphene. The effect of temperature, defects and crack length on the stress–strain behavior of SiG has also been investigated. Temperature studies reveal that SiG is less sensitive to temperature compared to free stranding graphene, additionally, increasing temperature causes deterioration of both fracture stress and strain of SiG. Both defects and cracks reduce the fracture stress and fracture strain of SiG remarkably, but the sensitivity to defects and cracks for SiG is larger compared to graphene. Fracture toughness of pre-cracked SiG has been investigated and results from MD simulations are compared with Griffith's theory. It has been found that for nano-cracks, SiG with larger crack length deviates more from Griffith's criterion and the degree of deviation is larger compared to graphene. Fracture phenomenon of pre-cracked SiG and the effect of strain rate on the tensile properties of SiG have been reported as well. These results will aid the design of SiG based semiconducting nanodevices. Variations of fracture stress and Young’s modulus of graphene with the concentration of silicon doping.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
- Dhaka-1000
- Bangladesh
| | - Shailee Mitra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
- Dhaka-1000
- Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Motalab
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
- Dhaka-1000
- Bangladesh
| | - Pritom Bose
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
- Dhaka-1000
- Bangladesh
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Yadav VK, Chakraborty H, Klein ML, Waghmare UV, Rao CNR. Defect-enriched tunability of electronic and charge-carrier transport characteristics of 2D borocarbonitride (BCN) monolayers from ab initio calculations. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:19398-19407. [PMID: 31380534 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04096j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Development of inexpensive and efficient photo- and electro-catalysts is vital for clean energy applications. Electronic and structural properties can be tuned by the introduction of defects to achieve the desirable electrocatalytic activity. Using first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, the structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of 2D borocarbonitride (h-BCN) sheets have been investigated, highlighting how anti-site defects in B and N doped graphene significantly influence the bandgap, and thereby open up new avenues to tune the chemical behavior of the 2D sheets. In the present work, all of the monolayers investigated display direct bandgaps, which reduce from 0.99 eV to 0.24 eV with increasing number of anti-site defects. The present results for the electronic structure and findings for bandgap engineering open up applications of BCN monolayers in optoelectronic devices and solar cells. The influence of the anti-site distribution of B and N atoms on the ultra-high hole/electron mobility and conductivity is discussed based on density functional theory coupled with the Boltzmann transport equation. The BCN defect monolayer is predicted to have carrier mobilities three times higher than that of the pristine sheet. The present results demonstrate that BN doped graphene monolayers are likely to be useful in the next-generation 2D field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science (ICMS), Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122, USA.
| | - Himanshu Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science (ICMS), Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122, USA.
| | - Michael L Klein
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Computational Molecular Science (ICMS), Temple University, Philadelphia, 19122, USA.
| | - Umesh V Waghmare
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, P.O Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - C N R Rao
- International Center for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, P.O Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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29
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Defective graphene domains in boron nitride sheets. J Mol Model 2019; 25:230. [PMID: 31324988 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel two-dimensional materials have emerged as hybrid structures that combine graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) domains. During their growth process, structural defects such as vacancies and change of atoms connectivity are unavoidable. In the present study, we use first-principle calculations to investigate the electronic structure of graphene domains endowed with a single carbon atom vacancy or Stone-Wales defects in h-BN sheets. The results show that both kinds of defects yield localized states within the bandgap. Alongside this change in the bandgap configuration, it occurs a splitting of the spin channels in such a way that electrons with up and down spins populate different energy levels above and below the Fermi level, respectively. Such a spin arrangement is associated to lattice magnetization. Stone-Wales defects solely point to the appearance of new intragap levels. These results demonstrated that vacancies could significantly affect the electronic properties of hybrid graphene/h-BN sheets. Graphical Abstract A Boron-Nitride sheet doped with a vacancy endowed Carbon domain.
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Bhattacharjee R, Majumder T, Datta A. Analysis of pseudo jahn-teller distortion based on natural bond orbital theory: Case study for silicene. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:1488-1495. [PMID: 30854679 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ground state (GS) instability of nondegenerate molecules in high symmetric structures is understood through Pseudo Jahn-Teller mixing of the electronic states through the vibronic coupling. The general approach involves setting up of a Pseudo Jahn-Teller (PJT) problem wherein one or more symmetry allowed excited states couple to the GS to create vibrational instability along a normal mode. This faces two major complications namely (1) estimating the adiabatic potential energy surfaces for the excited states which are often difficult to describe in case the excited states have charge-transfer or multi-excitonic (ME) character and (2) finding out how many such excited states (all satisfying the symmetry requirements for vibronic coupling) of increasing energies need to be coupled with the GS for a particular PJT problem. An analogous alternative approach presented here for the well-known case of symmetry breaking of planar (D6h ) hexasilabenzene (Si6 H6 ) to the buckled (D3d ) structure involves identifying the second-order donor-acceptor, hyperconjugative interactions (E2 i → j ) that stabilize the distorted structure. Following the recent work of Nori-Shargh and Weinhold, one observes that the orbitals involved in the vibronic coupling between the S0 /Sn states and those for the donor (filled)-acceptor (empty) interactions are identical. In fact, deletion of any particular pair of E2 i → j interaction creates vibrational instability in the buckled structure and as a corollary, deleting it for the planar structure removes its instability. The one-to-one correlation between the natural bond orbital theory and PJT theory assists in an intuitive identification of the relevant (few) excited states from a manifold of computed ones that cause symmetry breaking by vibronic coupling. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tirthick Majumder
- School of Chemical Sciences, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
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31
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Dabsamut K, T-Thienprasert J, Jungthawan S, Boonchun A. Stacking stability of C 2N bilayer nanosheet. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6861. [PMID: 31048761 PMCID: PMC6497902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a 2D graphene-like sheet: monolayer C2N was synthesized via a simple wet-chemical reaction. Here, we studied the stability and electronic properties of bilayer C2N. According to a previous study, a bilayer may exist in one of three highly symmetric stacking configurations, namely as AA, AB and AB′-stacking. For the AA-stacking, the top layer is directly stacked on the bottom layer. Furthermore, AB- and AB′-stacking can be obtained by shifting the top layer of AA-stacking by a/3-b/3 along zigzag direction and by a/2 along armchair direction, respectively, where a and b are translation vectors of the unit cell. By using first-principles calculations, we calculated the stability of AA, AB and AB′-stacking C2N and their electronic band structure. We found that the AB-stacking is the most favorable structure and has the highest band gap, which appeared to agree with previous study. Nevertheless, we furthermore examine the energy landscape and translation sliding barriers between stacking layers. From energy profiles, we interestingly found that the most stable positions are shifted from the high symmetry AB-stacking. In electronic band structure details, band characteristic can be modified according to the shift. The interlayer shear mode close to local minimum point was determined to be roughly 2.02 × 1012 rad/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klichchupong Dabsamut
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.,Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Commission on the Higher Education, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jiraroj T-Thienprasert
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.,Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Commission on the Higher Education, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirichok Jungthawan
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Commission on the Higher Education, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,School of Physics, Institute of Science, and Center of Excellence in Advanced Functional Materials, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Adisak Boonchun
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. .,Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Commission on the Higher Education, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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32
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DFT study of CO adsorption on nitrogen/boron doped-graphene for sensor applications. J Mol Model 2019; 25:91. [PMID: 30852668 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3973-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We have performed a Density Functional study of the CO adsorption in B-doped, N-doped and BN-co-doped graphene considering a coronene based model in order to estimate the applications of this systems as CO-sensor. Different monosubstituted, disubstituted and trisubstituted alternatives of combining these two heteroatoms in a substitutional chemical doping and the influence of the relative positions of the heteroatoms are analyzed. In this study, the stability selectivity for CO adsorption and the change in the electric properties for the presence of this molecule, have been evaluated through the calculation of binding energy, CO-adsorption's energy and the gap HOMO-LUMO change due to CO adsorption. The results indicated that, even though all the configurations were stables and was confirmed a CO physical adsorption in all of them, the relative positions of Nitrogen and Boron gave different stabilities and different responses to the CO adsorption. Since monosubstituted Boron-coronene was the second in stability respect to pristine coronene, showed the highest CO adsorption energy and was also the second highest ∆(∆HOMO-LUMO) value, this structure could be potentially a good CO-sensor.
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33
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Rao CNR, Chhetri M. Borocarbonitrides as Metal-Free Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803668. [PMID: 30375670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen generation by water splitting is clearly a predominant and essential strategy to tackle the problems related to renewable energy. In this context, the discovery of proper catalysts for electrochemical and photochemical water splitting assumes great importance. There is also a serious intent to eliminate platinum and other noble metal catalysts. To replace Pt by a non-metallic catalyst with desirable characteristics is a challenge. Borocarbonitrides, (Bx Cy Nz ) which constitutes a new class of 2D material, offer great promise as non-metallic catalysts because of the easy tunability of bandgap, surface area, and other electronic properties with variation in composition. Recently, Bx Cy Nz composites with excellent electrochemical and photochemical hydrogen generation activities have been found, especially noteworthy being the observation that Bx Cy Nz with a carbon-rich composition or its nanocomposites with MoS2 come close to Pt in electrocatalytic properties, showing equally good photochemical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao
- New Chemistry Unit, International Centre for Materials Science, Sheikh Saqr Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Manjeet Chhetri
- New Chemistry Unit, International Centre for Materials Science, Sheikh Saqr Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore, 560064, India
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34
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Hosseini E, Zakertabrizi M, Habibnejad Korayem A, Shahsavari R. Tunable, Multifunctional Ceramic Composites via Intercalation of Fused Graphene Boron Nitride Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8635-8644. [PMID: 30719919 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ternary two-dimensional (2D) materials such as fused graphene-boron nitride (GBN) nanosheets exhibit attractive physical and tunable properties far beyond their parent structures. Although these features impart several multifunctional properties in various matrices, a fundamental understanding on the nature of the interfacial interactions of these ternary 2D materials with host matrices and the role of their individual components has been elusive. Herein, we focus on intercalated GBN/ceramic composites as a model system and perform a series of density functional theory calculations to fill this knowledge gap. Propelled by more polarity and negative Gibbs free energy, our results demonstrate that GBN is more water-soluble than graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), making it a preferred choice for slurry preparation and resultant intercalations. Further, a chief attribute of the intercalated GBN/ceramic is the formation of covalent C-O and B-O bonds between the two structures, changing the hybridization of GBN from sp2 to sp3. This change, combined with the electron release in the vicinity of the interfacial regions, leads to several nonintuitive mechanical and electrical alterations of the composite such as exhibiting higher young's modulus, strength, and ductility as well as sharp decline in the band gap. As a limiting case, though both tobermorite ceramic and h-BN are wide band gap materials, their intercalated composite becomes a p-type semiconductor, contrary to intuition. These multifunctional features, along with our fundamental electronic descriptions of the origin of property change, provide key guidelines for synthesizing next generation of multifunctional bilayer ceramics with remarkable properties on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Hosseini
- School of Civil Engineering , Iran University of Science and Technology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Zakertabrizi
- School of Civil Engineering , Iran University of Science and Technology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Asghar Habibnejad Korayem
- School of Civil Engineering , Iran University of Science and Technology , Tehran , Iran
- Department of Civil Engineering , Monash University Melbourne , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Rouzbeh Shahsavari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- C-Crete Technologies LLC , Stafford , Texas 77477 , United States
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35
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Rao CNR, Pramoda K. Borocarbonitrides, BxCyNz, 2D Nanocomposites with Novel Properties. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. N. R. Rao
- School of Advanced Materials, International Centre for Material Science and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - K. Pramoda
- School of Advanced Materials, International Centre for Material Science and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
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36
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Meng J, Wang D, Cheng L, Gao M, Zhang X. Recent progress in synthesis, properties, and applications of hexagonal boron nitride-based heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:074003. [PMID: 30523895 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Featuring an absence of dangling bonds, large band gap, low dielectric constant, and excellent chemical inertness, atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is considered an ideal candidate for integration with graphene and other 2D materials. During the past years, great efforts have been devoted to the research of h-BN-based heterostructures, from fundamental study to practical applications. In this review we summarize the recent progress in the synthesis, novel properties, and potential applications of h-BN-based heterostructures, especially the synthesis technique. Firstly, various approaches to the preparation of both in-plane and vertically stacked h-BN-based heterostructures are introduced in detail, including top-down strategies associated with exfoliation transfer processes and bottom-up strategies such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-based growth. Secondly, we discuss some novel properties arising in these heterostructures. Several promising applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices are also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the main challenges and possible research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Meng
- Key Lab of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083 & College of Materials Science and Opto-electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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37
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Khan F, Kim JH. Significance of N-moieties in regulating the electrochemical properties of nano-porous graphene: Toward highly capacitive energy storage devices. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Xu X, Liu C, Sun Z, Cao T, Zhang Z, Wang E, Liu Z, Liu K. Interfacial engineering in graphene bandgap. Chem Soc Rev 2018. [PMID: 29513306 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00836h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Graphene exhibits superior mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity, strong light-matter interactions, and, in particular, exceptional electronic properties. These merits make graphene an outstanding material for numerous potential applications. However, a graphene-based high-performance transistor, which is the most appealing application, has not yet been produced, which is mainly due to the absence of an intrinsic electronic bandgap in this material. Therefore, bandgap opening in graphene is urgently needed, and great efforts have been made regarding this topic over the past decade. In this review article, we summarise recent theoretical and experimental advances in interfacial engineering to achieve bandgap opening. These developments are divided into two categories: chemical engineering and physical engineering. Chemical engineering is usually destructive to the pristine graphene lattice via chemical functionalization, the introduction of defects, doping, chemical bonds with substrates, and quantum confinement; the latter largely maintains the atomic structure of graphene intact and includes the application of an external field, interactions with substrates, physical adsorption, strain, electron many-body effects and spin-orbit coupling. Although these pioneering works have not met all the requirements for electronic applications of graphene at once, they hold great promise in this direction and may eventually lead to future applications of graphene in semiconductor electronics and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Yang G, Yang Y, Ma H, Mao X, Li C, Li J, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Yin F, Li J. Realization of a half-metallic state on bilayer WSe 2 using doping transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in its interlayer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:115201. [PMID: 29337291 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa80d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni-doped bilayer WSe2 are predicted by using first principles calculations. The doped transition-metal (TM) atoms show a covalent-binding with the nearest Se atoms. The calculated electronic structures reveal that the TM Cr, Mn, Fe and Co-doped bilayer WSe2 exhibits a half-metallic character with a 100% spin polarization at the Fermi level, and the reason is ascribed to the strong hybridization peak between the transition metals and the parent W and Se atoms. The Ni-doped bilayer WSe2 is still a semiconductor with nonmagnetism. The Fe-doped system has a robust stability of half-metallicity because there are three connected states peak spanning the Fermi level. The doping of Cr, Mn, Fe and Co atoms leads to a prominent total magnetism (0.93-3.65 [Formula: see text] moment per unit cell), and an induced ∼0.3 [Formula: see text] moment in parent W atoms is found in addition to the main contribution of TM atomic magnetism (0.71-3.33 [Formula: see text] moment per atom). The predicted Cr, Mn, Fe and Co-doped bilayer WSe2 should be the candidate materials for spintronic devices due to their magnetic and half-metallic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, People's Republic of China
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40
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Garg P, Choudhuri I, Mahata A, Pathak B. Band gap opening in stanene induced by patterned B-N doping. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:3660-3669. [PMID: 28094366 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07505c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stanene is a quantum spin Hall insulator and a promising material for electronic and optoelectronic devices. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to study the band gap opening in stanene by elemental mono-doping (B, N) and co-doping (B-N). Different patterned B-N co-doping is studied to change the electronic properties of stanene. A patterned B-N co-doping opens the band gap in stanene and its semiconducting nature persists under strain. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to confirm the thermal stability of such a doped system. The stress-strain study indicates that such a doped system is as stable as pure stanene. Our work function calculations show that stanene and doped stanene have a lower work function than graphene and thus are promising materials for photocatalysts and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Garg
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, M.P. 453552, India.
| | - Indrani Choudhuri
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, M.P. 453552, India.
| | - Arup Mahata
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, M.P. 453552, India.
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, M.P. 453552, India. and Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore, M.P. 453552, India
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Maschio L, Lorenz M, Pullini D, Sgroi M, Civalleri B. The unique Raman fingerprint of boron nitride substitution patterns in graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:20270-5. [PMID: 27406407 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02101h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride-substituted graphene (BNsG) two-dimensional structures are new materials of wide technological interest due to the rich variety of electronic structures and properties they can exploit. The ability to accurately characterize them is key to their future success. Here we show, by means of ab initio simulations, that the vibrational Raman spectra of such compounds are extremely sensitive to substitution motifs and concentration, and that each structure has unique and distinct features. This result can be useful as a guide for the optimization of production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Maschio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy. and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Centre, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Lorenz
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Daniele Pullini
- Centro Ricerche FIAT, Strada Torino 50, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Sgroi
- Centro Ricerche FIAT, Strada Torino 50, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Civalleri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy. and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Centre, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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42
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Ali M, Pi X, Liu Y, Yang D. Electronic and thermoelectric properties of atomically thin C 3Si 3/C and C 3Ge 3/C superlattices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:045402. [PMID: 29272254 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9ebb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nanostructuring of graphene into superlattices offers the possibility of tuning both the electronic and thermal properties of graphene. Using classical and quantum mechanical calculations, we have investigated the electronic and thermoelectric properties of the atomically thin superlattice of C3Si3/C (C3Ge3/C) formed by the incorporation of Si (Ge) atoms into graphene. The bandgap and phonon thermal conductivity of C3Si3/C (C3Ge3/C) are 0.54 (0.51) eV and 15.48 (12.64) W m-1 K-1, respectively, while the carrier mobility of C3Si3/C (C3Ge3/C) is 1.285 × 105 (1.311 × 105) cm2 V-1 s-1 at 300 K. The thermoelectric figure of merit for C3Si3/C (C3Ge3/C) can be optimized via the tuning of carrier concentration to obtain the prominent ZT value of 1.95 (2.72).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China. Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
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43
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Amollo TA, Mola GT, Nyamori VO. Germanium quantum dot/nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposite for high-performance bulk heterojunction solar cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21841-21849. [PMID: 35541730 PMCID: PMC9081098 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04223c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite, namely a germanium quantum dot/nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposite (GeQD/NGr), and its use in the modification of the photoactive medium of bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJ-SCs). The nanocomposite was prepared in two sequential steps. Firstly, a reduced graphene oxide-germanium oxide nanocomposite (rGO-GeO2) was synthesized by microwave-assisted solvothermal reaction. The second step involved simultaneous N-doping of graphene and reduction of GeO2 to obtain the GeQD/NGr nanocomposite by thermal treatment. The nanocomposite consists of highly crystalline, spherical shaped GeQDs with a mean diameter of 4.4 nm affixed on the basal planes of NGr sheets. Poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), (6-6)phenyl-C60-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and GeQD/NGr were used as the photoactive layer blend in the fabrication of BHJ-SCs. Enhanced short-circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) is derived from the incorporation of the GeQD/NGr nanocomposite in the active layer. The nanocomposite in the active layer blend serves to ensure effective charge separation and transportation to the respective electrodes. Consequently, an improvement of up to 183% in the power conversion efficiency is achieved in the BHJ-SCs by the GeQD/NGr modification. Germanium quantum dot/nitrogen-doped graphene, a novel nanocomposite, is successfully synthesized and utilized in the photoactive medium of organic solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha A. Amollo
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Westville Campus
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Durban 4000
- South Africa
| | - Genene T. Mola
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Pietermaritzburg Campus
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Scottsville
- South Africa
| | - Vincent O. Nyamori
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Westville Campus
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Durban 4000
- South Africa
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44
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Ri M, Choe K, Kim K, Gao Y, Tang Z. C-doping into h-BN at low annealing temperature by alkaline earth metal borate for photoredox activity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42109-42115. [PMID: 35558793 PMCID: PMC9092138 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07583b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BCN (boron carbon nitride) nanosheets are promising photocatalyst materials for solar fuel production by visible light-driven water splitting and CO2 reduction due to their tunable band gap and unique properties. C-doping into h-BN by thermal annealing makes possible the preparation of BCN nanosheets with photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation, but it generally requires a very high temperature (>1250 °C) from the thermodynamic viewpoint. Here, we report a new method to prepare BCN nanosheets with visible light-photocatalytic activity at lower annealing temperature (1000 °C) than equilibrium by adding alkaline earth metal compounds. BCN nanosheets formed in borate melt show a clear layered structure, tunable bandgap and photocatalytic activity for water splitting and CO2 reduction under visible light illumination. This provides a direction for doping other elements into h-BN at low annealing temperature by alkaline earth metal borates. The alkaline earth metal borates promote the formation of C-doped h-BN nanosheets at low annealing temperature towards robust photocatalytic activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Myonghak Ri
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Kwanghak Choe
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Kumchol Kim
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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45
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Wang Y, Crespi VH. NanoVelcro: Theory of Guided Folding in Atomically Thin Sheets with Regions of Complementary Doping. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6708-6714. [PMID: 28960084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Folding has been commonly observed in two-dimensional materials such as graphene and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. Although interlayer coupling stabilizes these folds, it provides no control over the placement of the fold, let alone the final folded shape. Lacking nanoscale "fingers" to externally guide folding, control requires interactions engineered into the sheets that guide them toward a desired final folded structure. Here we provide a theoretical framework for a general methodology toward this end: atomically thin 2D sheets are doped with patterns of complementary n-type and p-type regions whose preferential adhesion favors folding into desired shapes. The two-colorable theorem in flat-foldable origami ensures that arbitrary folding patterns are in principle accessible to this method. This complementary doping method can be combined with nanoscale crumpling (by, for example, passage of 2D sheets through holes) to obtain not only control over fold placements but also the ability to distinguish between degenerate folded states, thus attaining nontrivial shapes inaccessible to sequential folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxi Wang
- 2-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, ‡Material Research Institute, §Department of Physics, ∥Department of Chemistry, ⊥Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Vincent H Crespi
- 2-Dimensional Crystal Consortium, ‡Material Research Institute, §Department of Physics, ∥Department of Chemistry, ⊥Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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46
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Lu G, Wu T, Yang P, Yang Y, Jin Z, Chen W, Jia S, Wang H, Zhang G, Sun J, Ajayan PM, Lou J, Xie X, Jiang M. Synthesis of High-Quality Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Monolayer In-Plane Heterostructure on Cu-Ni Alloy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700076. [PMID: 28932666 PMCID: PMC5604385 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) monolayer in-plane heterostructure offers a novel material platform for both fundamental research and device applications. To obtain such a heterostructure in high quality via controllable synthetic approaches is still challenging. In this work, in-plane epitaxy of graphene/h-BN heterostructure is demonstrated on Cu-Ni substrates. The introduction of nickel to copper substrate not only enhances the capability of decomposing polyaminoborane residues but also promotes graphene growth via isothermal segregation. On the alloy surface partially covered by h-BN, graphene is found to nucleate at the corners of the as-formed h-BN grains, and the high growth rate for graphene minimizes the damage of graphene-growth process on h-BN lattice. As a result, high-quality graphene/h-BN in-plane heterostructure with epitaxial relationship can be formed, which is supported by extensive characterizations. Photodetector device applications are demonstrated based on the in-plane heterostructure. The success will have important impact on future research and applications based on this unique material platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for InformaticsShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE)Shanghai200050P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Tianru Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for InformaticsShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Yingchao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Zehua Jin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Weibing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Shuai Jia
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Haomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for InformaticsShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Guanhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction DynamicsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023P. R. China
| | - Julong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction DynamicsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023P. R. China
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for InformaticsShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE)Shanghai200050P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai200031P. R. China
| | - Mianheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for InformaticsShanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE)Shanghai200050P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai200031P. R. China
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Rao CNR, Gopalakrishnan K. Borocarbonitrides, B xC yN z: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties with Potential Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19478-19494. [PMID: 27797466 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Borocarbonitrides, BxCyNz, constitute a new family of layered two-dimensional materials and can be considered to be derived from graphene. They can be simple composites containing graphene and BN domains or more complex materials possessing B-C and C-N bonds besides B-N and C-C bonds. Properties of these materials depend on the composition, and the method of synthesis, wherein one can traverse from the insulating end (BN) to the conducting end (graphene). In this article, we present an up-to-date review of the various aspects of borocarbonitrides including synthesis, characterization and properties. Some of the properties have potential applications, typical of them being in gas adsorption and energy devices such as supercapacitors, fuel cells and batteries. Performance of borocarbonitrides as catalysts in the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction is impressive. It is noteworthy that with certain compositions on borocarbonitrides, field-effect transistors can be fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N R Rao
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, New Chemistry Unit, International Centre for Materials Science, CSIR Centre of Excellence in Chemistry and Sheik Saqr Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - K Gopalakrishnan
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, New Chemistry Unit, International Centre for Materials Science, CSIR Centre of Excellence in Chemistry and Sheik Saqr Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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48
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Haniff MASM, Hafiz SM, Huang NM, Rahman SA, Wahid KAA, Syono MI, Azid IA. Piezoresistive Effect in Plasma-Doping of Graphene Sheet for High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensing Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:15192-15201. [PMID: 28418234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a straightforward plasma treatment modification of graphene with an enhanced piezoresistive effect for the realization of a high-performance pressure sensor. The changes in the graphene in terms of its morphology, structure, chemical composition, and electrical properties after the NH3/Ar plasma treatment were investigated in detail. Through a sufficient plasma treatment condition, our studies demonstrated that plasma-treated graphene sheet exhibits a significant increase in sensitivity by one order of magnitude compared to that of the unmodified graphene sheet. The plasma-doping introduced nitrogen (N) atoms inside the graphene structure and was found to play a significant role in enhancing the pressure sensing performance due to the tunneling behavior from the localized defects. The high sensitivity and good robustness demonstrated by the plasma-treated graphene sensor suggest a promising route for simple, low-cost, and ultrahigh resolution flexible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A S M Haniff
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - S M Hafiz
- Functional Device Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N M Huang
- Faculty of Engineering, Xiamen University of Malaysia , Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S A Rahman
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - K A A Wahid
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - M I Syono
- Advanced Devices Lab, MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - I A Azid
- Mechanical Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute , Kulim Hi-TechPark, Kedah 09000, Malaysia
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49
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Han N, Liu H, Zhang J, Gao J, Zhao J. Atomistic understanding of the lateral growth of graphene from the edge of an h-BN domain: towards a sharp in-plane junction. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:3585-3592. [PMID: 28246667 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The in-plane combination of graphene (G) and hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) leads to lateral h-BN/G heterostructures, which are promising candidates for novel two-dimensional electronics. The quality of the interface between G and h-BN domains is crucial for the device performance. By comprehensive first-principles calculations, we explore the heteroepitaxial growth of graphene along the edge of an h-BN domain on a Cu(111) surface and compare it with that on a Cu(111) terrace. We find that the graphene nucleation site strongly depends on the chemical potential of carbon and predeposited h-BN coverage. Under the suitable carbon concentration and coverage of h-BN, graphene mainly grows along the h-BN edge, leading to a sharp and straight h-BN/G interface. Our results provide insightful knowledge to synthesize well-defined h-BN/G and other lateral heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Han
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China. and Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100089, China
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50
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A DFT study on the central-ring doped HBC nanographenes. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 73:101-107. [PMID: 28249196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanographenes (NGs) are a segment of graphene whose dangling bonds are saturated with hydrogen atoms, introducing different properties and promising applications. Here we investigate the electronic, thermodynamic, optical, and structural properties of four C36X3Y3H18 NGs (X=B, and Al; and Y=N, and P) based on the density functional theory calculations. It was mainly found that 1) BN-NG is planar molecule and the others are buckybowl-shaped ones, 2) The bowl-to-bowl inversion Gibbs free energies (ΔG#) of buckybowl shaped NGs are very huge and the rate constant is very small, hindering the inversion, 3) The relative energetic stability order based on the standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is as BN>AlN>BP>AlP, which the BN, and AlN doped NGs are stable at room temperature but the BP and AlP doped ones are instable, 4) The electrical conductivity order of magnitude is inverse of that of stability, 5) An exciton binding energy is predicted in the range of 0.57-0.75eV for the NGs which corresponds to Frenkel exciton type, 6) the NGs are not soluble in organic solvent in agreement with the experimental results and is partially soluble in water solvent with Gibbs free energy of solvation (ΔGsolv) in the range of -6.1 to -10.1kcal/mol.
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