1
|
The Early Oxidative Stress Induced by Mercury and Cadmium Is Modulated by Ethylene in Medicago sativa Seedlings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030551. [PMID: 36978799 PMCID: PMC10045221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are ubiquitous soil pollutants that promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. Tolerance depends on signalling processes that activate different defence barriers, such as accumulation of small heat sock proteins (sHSPs), activation of antioxidant enzymes, and the synthesis of phytochelatins (PCs) from the fundamental antioxidant peptide glutathione (GSH), which is probably modulated by ethylene. We studied the early responses of alfalfa seedlings after short exposure (3, 6, and 24 h) to moderate to severe concentration of Cd and Hg (ranging from 3 to 30 μM), to characterize in detail several oxidative stress parameters and biothiol (i.e., GSH and PCs) accumulation, in combination with the ethylene signalling blocker 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Most changes occurred in roots of alfalfa, with strong induction of cellular oxidative stress, H2O2 generation, and a quick accumulation of sHSPs 17.6 and 17.7. Mercury caused the specific inhibition of glutathione reductase activity, while both metals led to the accumulation of PCs. These responses were attenuated in seedlings incubated with 1-MCP. Interestingly, 1-MCP also decreased the amount of PCs and homophytochelatins generated under metal stress, implying that the overall early response to metals was controlled at least partially by ethylene.
Collapse
|
2
|
Phytoremediation potential of Solanum viarum Dunal and functional aspects of their capitate glandular trichomes in lead, cadmium, and zinc detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:41878-41899. [PMID: 36640234 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present scenario, remediation of heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil has become an important work to be done for the well-being of human and their environment. Phytoremediation can be regarded as an excellent method in environmental technologies. The present contemporary research explores the Solanum viarum Dunal function as a potential accumulator of hazardous HMs viz. lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), and their combination (CHM). On toxic concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, and their synergistic exposure, seeds had better germination percentage and their 90d old aerial tissues accumulated Pb, Cd, and Zn concentrations ranging from 44.53, 84.06, and 147.29 mg kg-1 DW, respectively. Pattern of accumulation in roots was as Zn 70.08 > Pb 48.55 > Cd 42.21 mg kg-1DW. Under HMs treatment, positive modulation in physiological performances, antioxidant activities suggested an enhanced tolerance along with higher membrane stability due to increased levels of lignin, proline, and sugar. Phenotypic variations were recorded in prickles and roots of 120 d old HM stressed plants, which are directly correlated with better acclimation. Interestingly, trichomes of the plant also showed HM accumulation. Later, SEM-EDX microanalysis suggested involvement of S. viarum capitate glandular trichomes as excretory organs for Cd and Zn. Thus, the present study provides an understanding of the mechanism that makes S. viarum to function as potent accumulator and provides information to generate plants to be used for phytoremediation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Helaoui S, Boughattas I, El Kribi-Boukhris S, Mkhinini M, Alphonse V, Livet A, Bousserrhine N, Banni M. Assessing the effects of nickel on, e.g., Medicago sativa L. nodules using multidisciplinary approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:77386-77400. [PMID: 35672641 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21311-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastes and fertilizers can introduce excessive levels of nickel (Ni) into the environment, potentially causing threats to plants, animals, as well as human beings. However, the number of studies on the effects of Ni toxicity on nodules is fairly limited. To address this issue, the effects of increasing Ni concentration on alfalfa nodules were assessed at chemical, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels. For this purpose, plants were grown in soils supplied with Ni (control, 0 mg/kg; C1, 50 mg/kg; C2, 150 mg/kg; C3, 250 mg/kg; and C4, 500 mg/kg) for 90 days. Ni loads in leaves, roots, and nodules were monitored after the exposure period. A set of biochemical biomarkers of oxidative stress was determined in nodules including antioxidants and metal homeostasis as well as lipid peroxidation. Gene expression levels of the main targets involved in oxidative stress and metal homeostasis were assessed. Our data indicated a high concentration of Ni in leaves, roots, and nodules where values reached 25.64 ± 3.04 mg/kg, 83.23 ± 5.16 mg/kg, and 125.71 ± 4.53 mg/kg in dry weight, respectively. Moreover, a significant increase in nodule biomass was observed in plants exposed to C4 in comparison to control treatment and percentage increased by 63%. Then, lipid peroxidation increased with a rate of 95% in nodules exposed to C4. Enzymatic activities were enhanced remarkably, suggesting the occurrence of oxidative stress, with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Our results showed also a significant upregulation of SOD, GR and APX genes in nodules. Nodule homoglutathione (HGSH) levels increased with the different Ni concentrations, with a remarkable decrease of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and glutathione (GSH) content for the highest Ni concentration with 43% and 52% reduction, respectively. The phytochelatin (PC) and metallothionein (MT) concentrations increased in nodules, which implied the triggering of a cellular protection mechanism for coping with Ni toxicity. The results suggested that Ni promotes a drastic oxidative stress in alfalfa nodules, yet the expression of MT and PC to reduce Ni toxicity could be used as Ni stress bioindicators. Our findings provide new insights into the central role of alfalfa nodules in limiting the harmful effects of soil pollution. Therefore, nodules co-expressing antioxidant enzymes may have high phytoremediation potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Sameh El Kribi-Boukhris
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Vanessa Alphonse
- Laboratory Water, Environment and Urban Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Alexandre Livet
- Laboratory Water, Environment and Urban Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Noureddine Bousserrhine
- Laboratory Water, Environment and Urban Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnologie of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Helaoui S, Hattab S, Mkhinini M, Boughattas I, Majdoub A, Banni M. The Effect of Nickel Exposure on Oxidative Stress of Vicia faba Plants. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:1074-1080. [PMID: 35524792 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a serious threat for terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, they could be accumulated in living organisms leading consequently to harmful consequences. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate the effects of four increasing Nickel (Ni) nominal concentrations (T: 0 mg/kg, C1: 150 mg/kg, C2: 250 mg/kg, C3: 500 mg/kg) on agronomic and biochemical parameters in bean (Vicia faba) plants. The measured exposure concentrations were in the range of 96.69%-104.18% of the nominal concentrations. Bean's responses were evaluated at biometric levels, chlorophyll content and biochemical parameters namely catalase glutation-S-transferase activities and malondialdehyde content, in booth parts of plants. Our data revealed a marked negative effect of Ni exposure on bean plant development and chlorophyll content. Biochemical biomarkers reported that plants anti-oxidative defense system has been significantly affected specially in roots at the high Ni concentration. Briefly, resistance mechanisms of Vicia faba to Ni seem to imply an activation of the antioxidant system and a limitation of the reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, ISA, Chott-Meriem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Hattab
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, ISA, Chott-Meriem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
- Regional Research Centre in Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, ISA, Chott-Meriem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, ISA, Chott-Meriem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Afifa Majdoub
- Regional Research Centre in Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, ISA, Chott-Meriem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Riyazuddin R, Nisha N, Ejaz B, Khan MIR, Kumar M, Ramteke PW, Gupta R. A Comprehensive Review on the Heavy Metal Toxicity and Sequestration in Plants. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010043. [PMID: 35053191 PMCID: PMC8774178 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) toxicity has become a global concern in recent years and is imposing a severe threat to the environment and human health. In the case of plants, a higher concentration of HMs, above a threshold, adversely affects cellular metabolism because of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which target the key biological molecules. Moreover, some of the HMs such as mercury and arsenic, among others, can directly alter the protein/enzyme activities by targeting their –SH group to further impede the cellular metabolism. Particularly, inhibition of photosynthesis has been reported under HM toxicity because HMs trigger the degradation of chlorophyll molecules by enhancing the chlorophyllase activity and by replacing the central Mg ion in the porphyrin ring which affects overall plant growth and yield. Consequently, plants utilize various strategies to mitigate the negative impact of HM toxicity by limiting the uptake of these HMs and their sequestration into the vacuoles with the help of various molecules including proteins such as phytochelatins, metallothionein, compatible solutes, and secondary metabolites. In this comprehensive review, we provided insights towards a wider aspect of HM toxicity, ranging from their negative impact on plant growth to the mechanisms employed by the plants to alleviate the HM toxicity and presented the molecular mechanism of HMs toxicity and sequestration in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riyazuddin Riyazuddin
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Doctoral School in Biology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nisha Nisha
- Department of Integrated Plant Protection, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Plant Protection Institute, Szent István University, 2100 Godollo, Hungary;
| | - Bushra Ejaz
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.E.); (M.I.R.K.)
| | - M. Iqbal R. Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (B.E.); (M.I.R.K.)
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Pramod W. Ramteke
- Department of Life Sciences, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur 458001, India;
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peralta JM, Bianucci E, Romero-Puertas MC, Furlan A, Castro S, Travaglia C. Targeting redox metabolism of the maize-Azospirillum brasilense interaction exposed to arsenic-affected groundwater. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1189-1206. [PMID: 34331344 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic in groundwater constitutes an agronomic problem due to its potential accumulation in the food chain. Among the agro-sustainable tools to reduce metal(oid)s toxicity, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) becomes important. For that, and based on previous results in which significant differences of As translocation were observed when inoculating maize plants with Az39 or CD Azospirillum strains, we decided to decipher the redox metabolism changes and the antioxidant system response of maize plants inoculated when exposed to a realistic arsenate (AsV ) dose. Results showed that AsV caused morphological changes in the root exodermis. Photosynthetic pigments decreased only in CD inoculated plants, while oxidative stress evidence was detected throughout the plant, regardless of the assayed strain. The antioxidant response was strain-differential since only CD inoculated plants showed an increase in superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities while other enzymes showed the same behavior irrespective of the inoculated strain. Gene expression assays reported that only GST23 transcript level was upregulated by arsenate, regardless of the inoculated strain. AsV diminished the glutathione (GSH) content of roots inoculated with the Az39 strain, and CD inoculated plants showed a decrease of oxidized GSH (GSSG) levels. We suggest a model in which the antioxidant response of the maize-diazotrophs system is modulated by the strain and that GSH plays a central role acting mainly as a substrate for GST. These findings generate knowledge for a suitable PGPB selection, and its scaling to an effective bioinoculant formulation for maize crops exposed to adverse environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Peralta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Eliana Bianucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Furlan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stella Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Travaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ben Atia Zrouga K, Mendes MP, Falcão AP, Almohandes BD, Hachicha M, Khebour Allouche F. Mapping heavy metal (Cu, Zn, and Pb) pollution and ecological risk assessment, in the surroundings of Gabes cement plant-Tunisia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:937-944. [PMID: 33438440 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1869177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pollution and contamination assessment of three heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the topsoil, and common plants (Olea europaea, Prunus persica vulgaris, Ficus carica, Medicago sativa, Zygophyllum album, and Helianthemum kahiricum) were carried out at different distances from a cement plant. This evaluation was based on four evaluation methods: Bioconcentration factor, Contamination factor, Geoaccumulation Index and Potential ecological risk factor. The chlorophylls a and b contents were also analyzed. The highest levels of Cu, Zn, and Pb in the topsoil were found close to the cement factory (cluster D), and the lowest values were observed in a distant oasis (cluster H). The lowest chlorophylls values were observed in perennial plants (O. europaea and F. carica) near the cement plant. Zygophyllum album and H. kahiricum showed capability to remove Cu an Zn in contaminated locations, depending on the soil type. The spatialization of the results was essential to the understanding of the potential contribution of different sources of Cu, Zn, and Pb in the topsoil and to distinguishing different behaviors of the same plant species. Concerning H. kahiricum, further research should be undertaken since it has a high livestock acceptability index and is used in traditional medicine. Novelty statement The impact of three heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Pb) on the topsoil and six species of plants common in Tunisia (arid climate) will be assessed, and the potential contribution of different sources to the contamination. Few studies have addressed the impact of cement dust in the topsoil and common plant species in arid rangelands, and, as far as we know, none of them have considered the spatialization of the data and results, considering the prevailing wind, plant species location, soil type, and use. Moreover, the ability of steppic vegetation to remove these three heavy metals (phytoextraction) was evaluated using the bioconcentration factor (BCF), soil pollution indices, and ecological risk. Chlorophylls a and b contents were also evaluated to establish the effect of the cement plant on the health of plants located nearby.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Ben Atia Zrouga
- Vegetal Production and Biotechnology, Departement of Horticultural Sciences and Landscape, High Institute of Agronomic Sciences of Chott Meriem (ISA-CM), Sousse University, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Maria Paula Mendes
- Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Falcão
- Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Mohamed Hachicha
- National Institute of Rural Engineering, Waters and Forests, University of Carthage, Ariana, Tunisia
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wiszniewska A, Kamińska I, Hanus-Fajerska E, Sliwinska E, Koźmińska A. Distinct co-tolerance responses to combined salinity and cadmium exposure in metallicolous and non-metallicolous ecotypes of Silene vulgaris. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110823. [PMID: 32540619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study compared co-tolerance to salinity and cadmium and investigated its mechanisms in a facultative metallophyte Silene vulgaris originating from distinct habitats. Shoots of calamine (Cal) and non-metallicolous (N-Cal) ecotypes grown in vitro were exposed to 10 and 100 mM NaCl, 5 μM CdCl2 and their combinations. Stress effects were evaluated based on growth, oxidative stress parameters, and DNA content and damage. Tolerance mechanisms were assessed by analyzing non-enzymatic antioxidants, osmolytes and ion accumulation. Irrespective of the ecotype, Cd stimulated shoot proliferation (micropropagation coefficients MC = 15.2 and 12.1 for Cal and N-Cal, respectively, growth tolerance index GTI = 148.1 and 156.7%). In Cal ecotype this was attributed to an increase in glutathione content and reorganization of cell membrane structures under Cd exposure, whereas in N-Cal to enhanced synthesis of other non-enzymatic antioxidants, mainly carotenoids and ascorbate. Low salinity stimulated growth of Cal ecotype due to optimizing Cl- content. High salinity inhibited growth, especially in Cal ecotype, where it enhanced DNA damage and disturbed ionic homeostasis. Species-specific reaction to combined salinity and Cd involved a mutual inhibition of Na+, Cl- and Cd2+ uptake. N-Cal ecotype responded to combined stresses by enhancing its antioxidant defense, presumably induced by Cd, whereas the metallicolous ecotype triggered osmotic adjustment. The study revealed that in S. vulgaris Cd application ameliorated metabolic responses to simultaneous salinity exposure. It also shed a light on distinct strategies of coping with combined abiotic stresses in two ecotypes of the species showing high plasticity in environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Wiszniewska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Iwona Kamińska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Hanus-Fajerska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elwira Sliwinska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cytometry, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology, Al. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Koźmińska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mkhinini M, Helaoui S, Boughattas I, Amemou C, Banni M. Earthworm Eisenia andrei modulates oxidative stress in bean plants Vicia faba irrigated with treated wastewater. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1003-1016. [PMID: 32617728 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With respect to reducing the pressure on freshwater resources, treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation represents a sustainable alternative in agriculture. Due to their low quality and variable composition, TWW could entail harmful consequences for living organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. This study aims to evaluate how earthworm (Eisenia andrei) can modulate oxidative stress in bean plants (Vicia faba) that are irrigated over a course of 60 days with two doses of TWW (50 and 100%) in addition to a control condition (0%) irrigated with distilled water. This is achieved by measuring glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in plants. Furthermore, catalase (CAT), GST, MDA, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of the earthworms are also assessed. Our results show that growth and physiological parameters are modified when applying TWW irrigation. Moreover, oxidative stress apprehended by GST activity and MDA accumulation is exacerbated in V. faba plants after exposure to increased TWW doses. Similarly, TWW irrigation enhances oxidative stress parameters in earthworms with a crucial decrease in AChE activity. In addition, the presence of earthworms increases growth and physiological parameters; it also results in a significant reduction in GST activity and MDA rate in V. faba plants. Our results provide new insights into the impact of TWW irrigation on soil organisms and the importance of earthworms in the reduction of oxidative stress in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Cyrine Amemou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Helaoui S, Boughattas I, Hattab S, Mkhinini M, Alphonse V, Livet A, Bousserrhine N, Banni M. Physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic responses of Medicago sativa to nickel exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126121. [PMID: 32065994 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal accumulation in soil could lead to severe damage to plants, animals, and humans. The present work aims to evaluate the effects of nickel (Ni) exposure on Medicago sativa at physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels. Plants were exposed to five increasing concentrations of Ni (0, 50, 150, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 60 days. Agronomic parameters (fresh and dry matter) and chlorophyll content (Chl) were determined in an alfalfa plant. Chemical analyses were conducted, involving the determination of Ni loads in plants (roots and shoots). Moreover, malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and peroxidase activities, termed as oxidative stress biomarkers, were measured. The gene expression levels of Prx1C, GST, and phytochelatins (PCs) were determined at different nickel concentrations. Our results showed that Ni concentration in plants increased significantly along with Ni concentration in the soil. Regarding oxidative stress biomarkers, Ni contamination caused an increase in peroxidase and GST activities, with a remarkable accumulation of MDA, especially for the highest Ni concentration (500 mg/kg of Ni). Our data showed also a significant upregulation of Prx1C and GST genes in shoots and roots. The PCs' gene expression was significantly enhanced in response to the different nickel concentrations, suggesting their important role in Ni detoxification in alfalfa plants. Our data provided evidence about the clear toxicity of Ni, an often-underestimated trace element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Sabrine Hattab
- Regional Research Centre in Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Vanessa Alphonse
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, 94010, France
| | - Alexandre Livet
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, 94010, France
| | - Noureddine Bousserrhine
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil Cedex, 94010, France
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ISA, Chott-Meriem, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Cui X, Zhang X, Liu W, Cui Z. Combined toxicity and detoxification of lead, cadmium and arsenic in Solanum nigrum L. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121874. [PMID: 31848093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A 3-factor-5-level central composite design was conducted to investigate the combined toxicity and detoxification mechanisms of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in Solanum nigrum L. The three metal(loid)s exhibited low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition on plant length. Analyses of eleven oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters showed all Pb, Cd and As induced oxidative damages, and the co-exposure further enhanced their toxic effects. Pb, Cd and As were mainly accumulated in plant roots and poorly translocated to shoots, being beneficial for metal(loid) detoxification. The results of subcellular fractionation showed that Pb, Cd and As in plant leaves, stems and roots were mainly localized in the cell wall and soluble fractions. Most of Pb and As in soils occurred in residual fraction while Cd in exchangeable fraction. Although single Pb, Cd and As in all plant tissues existed predominantly in 1 M NaCl-soluble form, the d-H2O and 80 % ethanol-soluble forms were increased under the binary or ternary combinations. This study will conduce to the potential use of S. nigrum L. in the phytostablization of soil co-contaminated with Pb, Cd and As.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaowei Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muszyńska E, Labudda M, Różańska E, Hanus-Fajerska E, Koszelnik-Leszek A. Structural, physiological and genetic diversification of Silene vulgaris ecotypes from heavy metal-contaminated areas and their synchronous in vitro cultivation. PLANTA 2019; 249:1761-1778. [PMID: 30826883 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Results provide significant comparison of leaf anatomy, pigment content, antioxidant response and phenolic profile between individuals from miscellaneous populations and describe unified cultivation protocols for further research on stress biology. The plant communities growing on heavy metal-polluted areas have attracted considerable attention due to their unique ability to tolerate enormous amounts of toxic ions. Three ecotypes of Silene vulgaris representing calamine (CAL), serpentine (SER) and non-metallicolous (NM) populations were evaluated to reveal specific adaptation traits to harsh environment. CAL leaves presented a distinct anatomical pattern compared to leaves of SER and NM plants, pointing to their xeromorphic adaptation. These differences were accompanied by divergent accumulation and composition of photosynthetic pigments as well as antioxidant enzyme activity. In CAL ecotype, the mechanism of reactive oxygen species scavenging is based on the joint action of superoxide dismutase and catalase, but in SER ecotype on superoxide dismutase and guaiacol-type peroxidase. On the contrary, the concentration of phenylpropanoids and flavonols in the ecotypes was unchanged, implying the existence of similar pathways of their synthesis/degradation functioning in CAL and SER populations. The tested specimens showed genetic variation (atpA/MspI marker). Based on diversification of S. vulgaris populations, we focused on the elaboration of similar in vitro conditions for synchronous cultivation of various ecotypes. The most balanced shoot culture growth was obtained on MS medium containing 0.1 mg l-1 NAA and 0.25 mg l-1 BA, while the most abundant callogenesis was observed on MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg l-1 NAA and 5.0 mg l-1 BA. For the first time, unified in vitro protocols were described for metallophytes providing the opportunity to conduct basic and applied research on stress biology and tolerance mechanisms under freely controlled conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Hanus-Fajerska
- Unit of Botany and Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Koszelnik-Leszek
- Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Franić M, Galić V. As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg: Physiological Implications and Toxicity in Plants. PLANT METALLOMICS AND FUNCTIONAL OMICS 2019:209-251. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-19103-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
14
|
Bianucci E, Furlan A, Tordable MDC, Hernández LE, Carpena-Ruiz RO, Castro S. Antioxidant responses of peanut roots exposed to realistic groundwater doses of arsenate: Identification of glutathione S-transferase as a suitable biomarker for metalloid toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:551-561. [PMID: 28463730 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As)-polluted groundwater constitutes a serious problem for peanut plants, as roots can accumulate the metalloid in their edible parts. Characterization of stress responses to As may help to detect potential risks and identify mechanisms of tolerance, being the induction of oxidative stress a key feature. Fifteen-day old peanut plants were treated with arsenate in order to characterize the oxidative stress indexes and antioxidant response of the legume under realistic groundwater doses of the metalloid. Superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) histochemical staining along with the activities of NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and thiol (glutathione and thioredoxins) metabolism were determined in roots. Results showed that at 20 μM H2AsO4-, peanut growth was reduced and the root architecture was altered. O2- and H2O2 accumulated at the root epidermis, while lipid peroxidation, NADPH oxidase, SOD, CAT and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities augmented. These variables increased with increasing As concentration (100 μM) while glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase/peroxiredoxin (GPX/PRX) were significantly decreased. These findings demonstrated that the metalloid induced physiological and biochemical alterations, being the NADPH oxidase enzyme implicated in the oxidative burst. Additionally, the strong induction of GST activity, even at the lowest H2AsO4- doses studied, can be exploited as suitable biomarker of As toxicity in peanut plants, which may help to detect risks of As accumulation and select tolerant cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Bianucci
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química Agrícola Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Furlan
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Tordable
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis E Hernández
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón O Carpena-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Agrícola Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stella Castro
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bianucci E, Godoy A, Furlan A, Peralta JM, Hernández LE, Carpena-Ruiz RO, Castro S. Arsenic toxicity in soybean alleviated by a symbiotic species of Bradyrhizobium. Symbiosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-017-0499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Pradas Del Real AE, Silvan JM, de Pascual-Teresa S, Guerrero A, García-Gonzalo P, Lobo MC, Pérez-Sanz A. Role of the polycarboxylic compounds in the response of Silene vulgaris to chromium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5746-5756. [PMID: 28050761 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the nature and the specific mechanisms by which polycarboxylic compounds participate in the tolerance of Silene vulgaris to Cr with special attention given to the rhizosphere system. This knowledge is important to use this species in the implementation of phytoremediation technologies in Cr-polluted soils. According to the results, chromium is chelated and mobilized by the citric and malic acids in plant tissues, while oxalic acid might participate in the reduction and chelation of Cr in the rhizosphere. At the applied doses, the response of both exudation rate and root exudate composition (total polyphenols and quercitin) seems to involve a rearrangement in the lignification of the plant cell wall to immobilize Cr. Quercetin-3-dirhamnosyl-galactoside and apiin (apigenin-7-O-apiosyl-glucoside) have been identified as the major polyphenols in the root exudates of S. vulgaris. The increments found in the apiin concentration in root exudates seem to be related to the protection against Cr toxicity by chelation of Cr or by free radical scavenging. Though earlier response is detected in plant tissues, results from this work together with previous studies in S. vulgaris indicate that exudation might be a regulated mechanism of protection under Cr exposition in S. vulgaris that may involve mainly Cr reduction and chelation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Pradas Del Real
- Dpto. de Investigación Agroambiental, IMIDRA, Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain.
- ISTerre (Institut des Sciences de la Terre), Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Jose Manuel Silvan
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guerrero
- Dpto. de Investigación Agroambiental, IMIDRA, Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Gonzalo
- Dpto. de Investigación Agroambiental, IMIDRA, Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Lobo
- Dpto. de Investigación Agroambiental, IMIDRA, Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Pérez-Sanz
- Dpto. de Investigación Agroambiental, IMIDRA, Alcalá de Henares, 28800, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hernández LE, Sobrino-Plata J, Montero-Palmero MB, Carrasco-Gil S, Flores-Cáceres ML, Ortega-Villasante C, Escobar C. Contribution of glutathione to the control of cellular redox homeostasis under toxic metal and metalloid stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2901-11. [PMID: 25750419 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of toxic metals and metalloids, such as cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), or arsenic (As), as a consequence of various anthropogenic activities, poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. The ability of plants to take up mineral nutrients from the soil can be exploited to develop phytoremediation technologies able to alleviate the negative impact of toxic elements in terrestrial ecosystems. However, we must select plant species or populations capable of tolerating exposure to hazardous elements. The tolerance of plant cells to toxic elements is highly dependent on glutathione (GSH) metabolism. GSH is a biothiol tripeptide that plays a fundamental dual role: first, as an antioxidant to mitigate the redox imbalance caused by toxic metal(loid) accumulation, and second as a precursor of phytochelatins (PCs), ligand peptides that limit the free ion cellular concentration of those pollutants. The sulphur assimilation pathway, synthesis of GSH, and production of PCs are tightly regulated in order to alleviate the phytotoxicity of different hazardous elements, which might induce specific stress signatures. This review provides an update on mechanisms of tolerance that depend on biothiols in plant cells exposed to toxic elements, with a particular emphasis on the Hg-triggered responses, and considering the contribution of hormones to their regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Hernández
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Sobrino-Plata
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, ES-45070 Toledo, Spain
| | - M Belén Montero-Palmero
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, ES-45070 Toledo, Spain
| | - Sandra Carrasco-Gil
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain † Present address: Aula Dei Experimental Research Station-CSIC, Avd. Montañana, ES- 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Laura Flores-Cáceres
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega-Villasante
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Fábrica de Armas, ES-45070 Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Flores-Cáceres ML, Hattab S, Hattab S, Boussetta H, Banni M, Hernández LE. Specific mechanisms of tolerance to copper and cadmium are compromised by a limited concentration of glutathione in alfalfa plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 233:165-173. [PMID: 25711824 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The induction of oxidative stress is a characteristic symptom of metal phytotoxicity and is counteracted by antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) or homoglutathione (hGSH). The depletion of GSH│hGSH in fifteen-day-old alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants pre-incubated with 1mM buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) affected antioxidant responses in a metal-specific manner under exposure to copper (Cu; 0, 6, 30 and 100μM) or cadmium (Cd; 0, 6 and 30μM) for 7 days. The phytotoxic symptoms observed with excess Cu were accompanied by an inhibition of root glutathione reductase (GR) activity, a response that was augmented in Cd-treated plants but reverted when combined with BSO. The synthesis of phytochelatins (PCs) was induced by Cd, whereas the biothiol concentration decreased in Cu-treated plants, which did not accumulate PCs. The depletion of GSH│hGSH by BSO also produced a strong induction of oxidative stress under excess Cu stress, primarily due to impaired GSH│hGSH-dependent redox homeostasis. In addition, the synthesis of PCs was required for Cd detoxification, apparently also determining the distribution of Cd in plants, as less metal was translocated to the shoots in BSO-incubated plants. Therefore, specific GSH│hGSH-associated mechanisms of tolerance were triggered by stress due to each metal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Flores-Cáceres
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Sabrine Hattab
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Institute Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia; Centre Regional de Recherches en Horticulture et Agriculture Biologique, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Hattab
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Institute Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Boussetta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Institute Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia; Centre Regional de Recherches en Horticulture et Agriculture Biologique, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Institute Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia; Centre Regional de Recherches en Horticulture et Agriculture Biologique, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Luis E Hernández
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sobrino-Plata J, Carrasco-Gil S, Abadía J, Escobar C, Álvarez-Fernández A, Hernández LE. The role of glutathione in mercury tolerance resembles its function under cadmium stress in Arabidopsis. Metallomics 2014; 6:356-66. [PMID: 24452078 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent research efforts have highlighted the importance of glutathione (GSH) as a key antioxidant metabolite for metal tolerance in plants. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in stress due to mercury (Hg), one of the most hazardous metals to the environment and human health. To understand the implication of GSH metabolism for Hg tolerance, we used two γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γECS) Arabidopsis thaliana allele mutants (rax1-1 and cad2-1) and a phytochelatin synthase (PCS) mutant (cad1-3). The leaves of these mutants and of wild type (Col-0) were infiltrated with a solution containing Cd or Hg (0, 3 and 30 μM) and incubated for 24 and 48 h. The formation of phytochelatins (PCs) in the leaf extracts was followed by two different HPLC-based methods and occurred in Col-0, cad2-1 and rax1-1 plants exposed to Cd, whereas in the Hg treatments, PCs accumulated mainly in Col-0 and rax1-1, where Hg-PC complexes were also detected. ASA and GSH/GSSG levels increased under moderate metal stress conditions, accompanied by increased GSH reductase (GR) activity and expression. However, higher metal doses led to a decrease in the analysed parameters, and stronger toxic effects appeared with 30 μM Hg. The GSH concentration was significantly higher in rax1-1 (70% of Col-0) than in cad2-1 (40% of Col-0). The leaves of rax1-1 were less sensitive than cad2-1, in accordance with the greater expression of γECS in rax1-1. Our results underline the existence of a minimal GSH concentration threshold needed to minimise the toxic effects exerted by Hg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sobrino-Plata
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Spisso AA, Cerutti S, Silva F, Pacheco PH, Martinez LD. Characterization of Hg-phytochelatins complexes in vines (Vitis vinifera cv Malbec) as defense mechanism against metal stress. Biometals 2014; 27:591-9. [PMID: 24715273 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An approach to understand vines (Vitis vinifera) defense mechanism against heavy metal stress by isolation and determination of Hg-phytochelatins (PCs) complexes was performed. PCs are important molecules involved in the control of metal concentration in plants. PCs complex toxic metals through -SH groups and stores them inside cells vacuole avoiding any toxic effect of free metals in the cytosol. The Hg-PCs identification was achieved by determination of Hg and S as hetero-tagged atoms. A method involving two-dimensional chromatographic analysis coupled to atomic spectrometry and confirmation by tandem mass spectrometry is proposed. An approach involving size exclusion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on roots, stems, and leaves extracts describing Hg distribution according to molecular weight and sulfur associations is proposed for the first time. Medium-low molecular weight Hg-S associations of 29-100 kDa were found, suggesting PCs presence. A second approach employing reversed-phase chromatography coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry analysis allowed the determination of Hg-PCs complexes within the mentioned fractions. Chromatograms showed Hg-PC2, Hg-PC3 and Hg-PC4 presence only in roots. Hg-PCs presence in roots was confirmed by ESI-MS/MS analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Spisso
- Instituto de Química de San Luis (INQUISAL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, CP 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|