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Peng D, Lyu J, Song Z, Huang S, Zhang P, Gao J, Zhang Y. Mercury budgets in the suspended particulate matters of the Yangtze River. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120390. [PMID: 37516080 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Riverine processes are crucial for the biogeochemical cycle of mercury (Hg). The Yangtze River, the largest river in East Asia, discharges a substantial amount of Hg into the East China Sea. However, the influencing factors of the Hg budget and its recent trends remain unclear. This study quantitatively analyzed the total Hg concentration (THg) in suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Yangtze River and calculated the Hg budget in 2018 and 2021. The results showed that the total Hg concentrations varied substantially along the river, with concentrations ranging from 23 to 883 μg/kg in 2018 and 47 to 146 μg/kg in 2021. The average Hg flux to China Sea in 2018 and 2021 were approximately 10 Mg/yr, lower than in 2016 (48 Mg/yr). Over 70% of the SPM was trapped in the Three Gorges Dam (TGD), and 22 Mg/yr of Hg settled in the TGD in 2018 and 10 Mg/yr in 2021. Hg fluxes in the Yangtze River watershed were driven by various factors, including decreased industrial emissions, increased agriculture emissions, and decreased soil erosion flux. We found that in the upper reach of the Yangtze River changed from sink to source of Hg possibly due to the resuspension of sediments, which implies that the settled sediments could be a potential source of Hg for downstream. Overall, emission control policies may have had a positive impact on reducing Hg flux to the East China Sea from 2016 to 2021, but more efforts are needed to further reduce Hg emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Peng
- Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing University, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jixuan Lyu
- Nanjing University, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengcheng Song
- Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shaojian Huang
- Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Nanjing University, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yanxu Zhang
- Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia Distinct, Nanjing 210023, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Koenigsmark F, Rivera NA, Pierce EM, Hsu-Kim H. Dissolution Potential of Elemental Mercury in the Presence of Bisulfide and Implications for Mobilization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12388-12397. [PMID: 37561589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Liquid elemental mercury (Hg0L) pollution can remain in soils for decades and, over time, will undergo corrosion, a process in which the droplet surface oxidizes soil constituents to form more reactive phases, such as mercury oxide (HgO). While these reactive coatings may enhance Hg migration in the subsurface, little is known about the transformation potential of corroded Hg0L in the presence of reduced inorganic sulfur species to form sparingly soluble HgS particles, a process that enables the long-term sequestration of mercury in soils and generally reduces its mobility and bioavailability. In this study, we investigated the dissolution of corroded Hg0L in the presence of sulfide by quantifying rates of aqueous Hg release from corroded Hg0L droplets under different sulfide concentrations (expressed as the S:Hg molar ratio). For droplets corroded in ambient air, no differences in soluble Hg release were observed among all sulfide exposure levels (S:Hg mole ratios ranging from 10-4 to 10). However, for droplets oxidized in the presence of a more reactive oxidant (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2), we observed a 10- to 25-fold increase in dissolved Hg when the oxidized droplets were exposed to low sulfide concentrations (S:Hg ratios from 10-4 to 10-1) relative to droplets exposed to high sulfide concentrations. These results suggest two critical factors that dictate the release of soluble Hg from Hg0L in the presence of sulfide: the extent of surface corrosion of the Hg0L droplet and sufficient sulfide concentration for the formation of HgS solids. The mobilization of Hg0L in porous media, therefore, largely depends on aging conditions in the subsurface and chemical reactivity at the Hg0L droplet interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Koenigsmark
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University ,118A Hudson Hall, Box 90287,Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nelson A Rivera
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University ,118A Hudson Hall, Box 90287,Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Eric M Pierce
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University ,118A Hudson Hall, Box 90287,Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Ali R, Ghannay S, Messaoudi S, Alminderej FM, Aouadi K, Saleh SM. A Reversible Optical Sensor Film for Mercury Ions Discrimination Based on Isoxazolidine Derivative and Exhibiting pH Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1028. [PMID: 36421146 PMCID: PMC9688351 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new optical sensor for tracing Hg(II) ions. The detection affinity examines within a concentration range of 0-4.0 µM Hg(II). The sensor film is based on Methyl 2-hydroxy-3-(((2S,2'R,3a'S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5,5'-dimethyl-4'-oxotetrahydro-2'H-spiro[cy-clohexane-1,6'-im-idazo[1,5-b]isoxazol]-2'-yl)methyl)-5-methylbenzoate (IXZD). The novel synthesized compound could be utilized as an optical turn-on chemosensor for pH. The emission intensity is highly enhanced for the deprotonated form concerning the protonated form. IXZD probe has a characteristic fluorescence peak at 481 nm under excitation of 351 nm with large Stocks shift of approximately 130 nm. In addition, the binding process of IXZD:Hg(II) presents a 1:1 molar ratio which is proved by the large quench of the 481 nm emission peak of IXZD and the growth of a new emission peak at 399 nm (blue shift). The binding configurations with one Hg(II) cation and its electronic characteristics were investigated by applying the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations. Density functional theory (DFT) and the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) theoretical results were provided to examine Hg(II)-IXZD structures and their electronic properties in solution. The developed chemical sensor was offered based on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. The sensor film has a significantly low limit of detection (LOD) for Hg(II) of 0.025 μM in pH 7.4, with a relative standard deviation RSDr (1%, n = 3). Lastly, the IXZD shows effective binding affinity to mercury ions, and the binding constant Kb was estimated to be 5.80 × 105 M-1. Hence, this developed optical sensor film has a significant efficiency for tracing mercury ions based on IXZD molecule-doped sensor film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Siwar Ghannay
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Fahad M. Alminderej
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaïss Aouadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Sayed M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
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Lecharlier A, Carrier H, Le Hécho I. Characterization of biogas and biomethane trace compounds: A critical review of advances in in situ sampling and preconcentration techniques. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1229:340174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kanagaraj T, Murphin Kumar PS, Thomas R, Kulandaivelu R, Subramani R, Mohamed RN, Lee S, Chang SW, Chung WJ, Nguyen DD. Novel pure α-, β-, and mixed-phase α/β-Bi 2O 3 photocatalysts for enhanced organic dye degradation under both visible light and solar irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112439. [PMID: 34856170 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Combining the pure α- and β-phases of bismuth oxide enhances its photocatalytic activity under both visible and solar irradiation. α-Bi2O3, β-Bi2O3, and α/β-Bi2O3 were synthesized by a solvothermal calcination method. The structural, optical, and morphological properties of the as-synthesized catalysts were analyzed using XRD, UV-DRS, XPS, SEM, TEM, and PL. The bandgaps of α/β-Bi2O3, α-Bi2O3, and β-Bi2O3 were calculated to be 2.59, 2.73, and 2.34 eV, respectively. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts under visible and solar irradiation were examined by the degradation of carcinogenic reactive blue 198 and reactive black 5 dyes. The kinetic plots of the degradation reactions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. α/β-Bi2O3 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity (∼99%) than α-Bi2O3 and β-Bi2O3 under visible and solar irradiation. The TOC and COD results confirmed the maximum degradation ability of α/β-Bi2O3, and the decolorization percentage remained above 90%, even after five cycles under visible irradiation. The photocatalytic dye degradation mechanism employed by α/β-Bi2O3 was proposed based on active species trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reshma Thomas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Rajeswari Subramani
- Department of Physics, Muthayammal College of Arts & Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Roshan Noor Mohamed
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sijin Lee
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - S Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - W Jin Chung
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li X, Zhou X, Li X, Yan M, Lu Q, Tang Z, Zhang G, Wang D. Characteristics and Risk Assessments of Mercury Pollution Levels at Domestic Garbage Collection Points Distributed within the Main Urban Areas of Changchun City. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110309. [PMID: 34822700 PMCID: PMC8620532 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The mercury that is released from the centralized treatment of municipal solid waste is an important source of atmospheric mercury. We chose the main urban area of Changchun as a representative area. Environmental factors such as total mercury content, temperature, wind speed, and other factors were measured in samples from the trash cans of two types of collection points (trash cans and garbage stations), the topsoil under the selected trash cans, and the ambient air above the selected trash cans. The potential ecological risks of mercury pollution were evaluated. The results showed that the mercury content levels of all sample types in the refuse transfer station were higher than the garbage cans and there were no significant differences observed between soil surface mercury and garbage cans. The mercury content levels in the atmosphere and the surface soil at the garbage collection points were found to increase along the cascade relationship of the garbage collection. However, there were no correlations observed between the atmospheric mercury content levels and the surface soil mercury content levels with the attachments and the sum of the former two. There were no correlations observed between surface soil and the attachments, or among the attachments, surface soil, and the atmospheric mercury content levels. The mercury content levels in the attachments, surface soil, and atmosphere of the garbage collection points in the study area were negatively correlated with the loop lines. Meanwhile, the potential ecological risk indexes of the garbage cans and garbage stations were found to be high. The chronic non-carcinogenic risks of mercury to children and adults were determined to be very low. The risks of mercury to children were higher when compared with adults. The highest non-carcinogenic risks of mercury pollution were determined to be within the central area of Changchun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Wang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Yangjie Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xu Li
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Xuhang Zhou
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Xiangyun Li
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Mengping Yan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Qiuming Lu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhanhui Tang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13844801544
| | - Deli Wang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Y.); (Q.L.); (Z.T.); (D.W.)
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun 130117, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130022, China
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Maluckov BS. Biorecovery of nanogold and nanogold compounds from gold-containing ores and industrial wastes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:3471-3484. [PMID: 33880600 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In nature, microorganisms developed at various places and adapted to the various weather and geological conditions. Microorganisms participate in geological transformations leading to the dissolution of some minerals and conversion to others. While some microorganisms with their metabolic activity increase the mobility of metals, others cause precipitation of metals and the formation of new minerals. These biogeochemical interactions found practical application in the recovery of metals. In the article, the proposals for improvement of existing engineering commercial processes for recovery of metals are given which can enable the formation of nanogold and nanogold compounds.Key points• Amino acids in pretreatment can increase the dissolution of the layer around the gold.• Amino acids in the complexing stage can increase gold leaching.• After the complexing stage, the bionanosynthesis of gold and its compounds is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana S Maluckov
- Technical Faculty in Bor, University of Belgrade, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, 19210, Serbia.
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Wang J, Jiang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Huang D, Yan S, Sun T, Mao Y, Cai Y. Leaching behavior and transformation of total mercury and methylmercury from raw and lime-conditioned sewage sludge under simulated rain. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127791. [PMID: 32799141 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) that leaches from municipal sewage sludge (MSS) landfill under natural rain is of increasing concern. The column leaching experiments were conducted to investigate the leaching characteristics of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) as well as pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and total suspended solids (TSS) in the raw sludge (RS) and lime-conditioned sludge (LCS) under simulated rain with different acidities (pH 6.5 and 2.9). Results showed the release of MeHg in the leachates presented different patterns from THg. And the final amounts of MeHg in the MSS columns were 1.49 (RS at pH = 6.5), 1.88 (RS at 2.9), 1.97 (LCS at pH = 6.5), and 2.06 times (LCS at pH = 2.9) higher than the initial amounts, suggesting methylation of inorganic Hg (IHg) occurred in the leaching process. The leaching efficiencies of THg and MeHg in RS was lower than that in LCS, indicating lime was more favorable for the release of THg and MeHg. And lower values of pH of the simulated rain promoted the release of THg and MeHg from RS while the opposite was true for LCS. This study provides a better understanding of the release and biogeochemical transformations of Hg in MSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Resources & Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- School of Resources & Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
| | - Chuanbing Zhang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Shuxiao Yan
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Tengfei Sun
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- School of Resources & Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China.
| | - Yong Cai
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.
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Li B, Nengzi LC, Guo R, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Cheng X. Novel synthesis of Z-scheme α-Bi2O3/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst and its enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance: Influence of calcination temperature. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Fabrication of Ultrathin Nanosheets of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunction with Spherical Shaped Bi2O3 Nanoparticles for High Performance Visible Light Photocatalyst. J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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He C, Arizono K, Ji H, Yakushiji Y, Zhang D, Huang K, Ishibashi Y. Spatial distribution characteristics of mercury in the soils and native earthworms (Bimastos parvus) of the leachate-contaminated zone around a traditional landfill. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:1565-1576. [PMID: 29913617 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The contents and spatial distribution of mercury (Hg), including soil-Hg fractionation and Hg-containing native earthworm Bimastos parvus (B. parvus) species, were investigated in the leachate-contaminated zone of a large traditional landfill, Japan. Soil-Hg was fractionated into 5 categories: F1/water soluble Hg (Hg-w), F2/human stomach acid soluble Hg (Hg-h), F3/organic-chelated (Hg-o), F4/elemental Hg (Hg-e), and F5/mercuric sulfide (Hg-s). The total mercury (T-Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) of native B. parvus, and the geochemical properties of soils were examined in this study. Soil T-Hg concentration ranged between 0.227 and 2.919 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw). The T-Hg and MeHg concentrations of B. parvus species ranged from 1.242 to 6.775 mg kg-1 dw and from 0.031 to 0.218 mg kg-1 dw, respectively. Percentages of soil-Hg fractions were in the order of F3/Hg-o > F4/ Hg-e > F5/Hg-s > F1/Hg-w > F2/Hg-h, and the fractions of Hg-o and Hg-e were 55.50% and 35.31%, respectively. Similar distributions and close correlations between the levels of B. parvus Hg and soil Hg-o, Hg-e, and Hg-s were observed in this study. The distribution of Hg in B. parvus was associated with soil organic matter (SOM) content and particle size (sand, clay); however, it was not correlated with Hg-w or Hg-h. The results indicated that easily bioavailable and soluble Hg fractions (Hg-w, Hg-h) of the soil were not appropriate to illustrate the distribution of Hg in native B. parvus. Instead, the stable soil-Hg fractions (Hg-o, Hg-e, and Hg-s) demonstrated good relationships of spatial distribution with B. parvus Hg in leachate-contaminated soil. It is advisable to preclude the evaluation of Hg biological distribution using soluble Hg fractions only. Stable Hg fractions in leachate-contaminated soil should also be included for assessing the biological distribution of Hg in leachate-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua He
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan; Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.44, Haifu Road, Longhua district, Haikou city, Hainan Province, China
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan
| | - Hezhe Ji
- Price Management of Japan Co., Ltd., 1-8, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Yuka Yakushiji
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan
| | - Daizhou Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan
| | - Kuangwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100, Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan.
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Tao Z, Bian R, Chai X. Methylmercury levels in cover soils from two landfills in Xi'an and Shanghai, China: Implications for mercury methylation potentials. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:331-336. [PMID: 32559919 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Landfills are considered important sources of mercury for surrounding ecosystems. Methylmercury (MeHg) levels in waste layers have been studied extensively; however, the levels of MeHg in cover soils remain undefined. Here, total mercury (THg) and MeHg concentrations in surface cover soils and soil cores from two landfills in China and possible factors affecting Hg methylation were studied. The mean MeHg concentration in surface cover soils from both landfills was 0.048 ng g-1, suggesting that cover soil layers are not active sites of MeHg production. Soil MeHg concentrations in both landfills were affected little by closure time. In the Jiangcungou landfill, no correlations between MeHg concentration and the measured environmental factors (e.g., THg, soil pH, organic matter (OM), and S) were observed that indicated that these parameters might have indirect effects on MeHg concentration. However, in the Laogang landfill, significant correlations were found between MeHg concentration and the measured environmental factors. The results showed that MeHg concentration in the surface cover soil from area D of the Laogang landfill is regulated mainly by soil pH, OM, and S, and that its vertical distribution in areas C and D is regulated mainly by soil pH and soil OM, respectively. These findings fill a knowledge gap regarding MeHg levels in cover soils and they advance our understanding of Hg cycling in landfills, presenting positive implications for landfill management and risk assessment of MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Rongxing Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Yang J, Takaoka M, Sano A, Matsuyama A, Yanase R. Vertical Distribution of Total Mercury and Mercury Methylation in a Landfill Site in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061252. [PMID: 29899229 PMCID: PMC6025181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is a neurotoxin, with certain organic forms of the element being particularly harmful to humans. The Minamata Convention was adopted to reduce the intentional use and emission of mercury. Because mercury is an element, it cannot be decomposed. Mercury-containing products and mercury used for various processes will eventually enter the waste stream, and landfill sites will become a mercury sink. While landfill sites can be a source of mercury pollution, the behavior of mercury in solid waste within a landfill site is still not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the depth profile of mercury, the levels of methyl mercury (MeHg), and the factors controlling methylation in an old landfill site that received waste for over 30 years. Three sampling cores were selected, and boring sampling was conducted to a maximum depth of 18 m, which reached the bottom layer of the landfill. Total mercury (THg) and MeHg were measured in the samples to determine the characteristics of mercury at different depths. Bacterial species were identified by 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing, because the methylation process is promoted by a series of genes. It was found that the THg concentration was 19–975 ng/g, with a geometric mean of 298 ng/g, which was slightly less than the 400 ng/g concentration recorded 30 years previously. In some samples, MeHg accounted for up to 15–20% of THg, which is far greater than the general level in soils and sediments, although the source of MeHg was unclear. The genetic data indicated that hgcA was present mostly in the upper and lower layers of the three cores, merA was almost as much as hgcA, while the level of merB was hundreds of times less than those of the other two genes. A significant correlation was found between THg and MeHg, as well as between MeHg and MeHg/THg. In addition, a negative correlation was found between THg and merA. The coexistence of the three genes indicated that both methylation and demethylation processes could occur, but the lack of merB was a barrier for demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-kluster, Kyotodaigakukatsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 6158540, Japan.
| | - Masaki Takaoka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-kluster, Kyotodaigakukatsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 6158540, Japan.
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, C-kluster, Kyotodaigakukatsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 6158540, Japan.
| | - Akira Sano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, C-kluster, Kyotodaigakukatsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 6158540, Japan.
| | - Akito Matsuyama
- National Institute for Minamata Disease, 4058-18 Hama, Minamata-City, Kumamoto 8670008, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Yanase
- Environmental Protection Center, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan.
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He C, Arizono K, Ji H, Yakushiji Y, Zhang D, Huang K, Ishibashi Y. Comparison of mercury and methylmercury bioaccumulation in earthworms ( Bimastus parvus) native to landfill-leachate-contaminated forest soil. J Toxicol Sci 2018; 43:459-471. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.43.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changhua He
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
- Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Hezhe Ji
- Price Management of Japan Co., Ltd
| | - Yuka Yakushiji
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Daizhou Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Kuangwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental & Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
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Rubinos DA, Barral MT. Sorptive removal of Hg II by red mud (bauxite residue) in contaminated landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:84-98. [PMID: 27737613 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1229938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of red mud (RM) (bauxite residue) to remove HgII from landfill leachate (LL) was assessed. The studied aspects comprised the effects of time, pH, HgII concentration and the sorption isotherm, besides the influence of chloride and representative organic ligands. HgII removal by RM exhibited a complex kinetics where initial rapid sorption was followed by desorption at longer times. The sorption of HgII on RM was strongly pH-dependent. Outstanding maximum sorption was observed at pH∼4-5 (≥99.6%), while it abruptly dropped at higher pH values down to a minimum ∼28% at pH∼10.5. Chloride decreased HgII sorption at acid pH and shifted the pHmax towards higher pH∼9.4, which opposes to sorption in LL and suggests Cl- did not primarily control the process in LL. Amongst the organic ligands, acetate and salicylate slightly affected HgII sorption. Conversely, glycine affected sorption in a pH-dependent manner resembling that in LL, which suggests the relevant role of the organic nitrogenated compounds of LL. EDTA suppressed HgII sorption at any pH. HgII speciation modelling and dissolved organic matter (DOM) sorption support complexation of HgII by DOM as the primary factor governing the removal of HgII in LL. The sorption isotherm was better described by the Freundlich equation, which agrees with the heterogeneous composition of RM. The results indicate that HgII sorption on RM is favorable, but reveal differences in sorption and reduced efficiency, in LL media. Notwithstanding, RM possesses a notable capacity to remove HgII, even under the unhelpful complexing and competing conditions of LL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rubinos
- a Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - María T Barral
- a Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
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