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Porous surface with fusion peptides embedded in strontium titanate nanotubes elevates osteogenic and antibacterial activity of additively manufactured titanium alloy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 224:113188. [PMID: 36773409 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It is still a big challenge in orthopedics to treat infected bone defects properly using medical metals. The use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffold materials that simultaneously mimic the skeletal hierarchy and induce sustainable osteogenic and antibacterial functions are a promising solution with an increasing appeal. In this study, we first designed a bifunctional fusion peptide (HHC36-RGD, HR) by linking antimicrobial peptide (HHC36) and arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide via 6-aminohexanoic acid. Then the 3D scaffold was fabricated by additive manufacturing, and the strontium titanate nanotube structure (3D-STN) was constructed on its surface. Finally, the HR was anchored to the 3D-STN with the aid of polydopamine (PDA, P), forming the 3D-STN-P-HR scaffold. The results showed that the scaffold exhibited an ordered 3D porous structure, and that the surface was covered by a dense HHC36-RGD layer. Expectedly, the adsorption of PDA effectively slowed down the release of HR. Moreover, the functionalized scaffold had a significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and its antibacterial rate could reach more than 95%. The results of in vitro cell culture experiments demonstrated that the 3D-STN-P-HR scaffold possessed excellent cytocompatibility and could promote the transcription of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and the expression of related proteins. In conclusion, the functionally modified 3D porous titanium alloy scaffold (3D-STN-P-HR) has a balanced antibacterial and osteogenic function, which bodes well for future potential in the customized functional reconstruction of complex-shaped infected bone defects.
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2
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Tian H, Guo A, Li K, Tao B, Lei D, Deng Z. Effects of a novel self-assembling peptide scaffold on bone regeneration and controlled release of two growth factors. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:943-953. [PMID: 34873824 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RADA16 is a self-assembling peptide material with good bioactivity. To improve the bioactivity of a material, some specific functional motifs can be added to its peptide sequence. Here, we report a self-assembling peptide nanogel, RADA16-RGD, that has better bioactivity than RADA16 and can simultaneously carry and control the release of two growth factors, VEGF and BMP-2, which have synergistic effects on bone formation. The peptide materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the peptides were evaluated by the rheology test. The biocompatibility of the materials was evaluated via the use of the CCK-8 test, live/dead staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Osteogenesis capability in vitro was evaluated by means of ALP staining, extracellular matrix mineralization and detection of osteogenic markers. The controlled release of growth factors was examined by ELISA. The results showed that RADA16-RGD exhibited a better ability than RADA16 to promote cell proliferation, adhesion and bone formation. In addition, RADA16-RGD had good biocompatibility and exhibited effective controlled release of VEGF and BMP-2. More importantly, compared with RADA16-RGD loaded with single growth factor or without growth factors, RADA16-RGD loaded with two growth factors exhibited a stronger ability to promote cell proliferation and osteogenesis. This study provides a promising strategy for the application of self-assembling peptides to promote osteogenesis and controlled release of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchuan Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ai Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bailong Tao
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengliang Lei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongliang Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Murali A, Lokhande G, Deo KA, Brokesh A, Gaharwar AK. Emerging 2D Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2021; 50:276-302. [PMID: 34970073 PMCID: PMC8713997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are an emerging class of biomaterials with remarkable potential for biomedical applications. The planar topography of these nanomaterials confers unique physical, chemical, electronic and optical properties, making them attractive candidates for therapeutic delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, regenerative medicine, and additive manufacturing strategies. The high surface-to-volume ratio of 2D nanomaterials promotes enhanced interactions with biomolecules and cells. A range of 2D nanomaterials, including transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), layered silicates (nanoclays), 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), metal-organic framework (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and polymer nanosheets have been investigated for their potential in biomedical applications. Here, we will critically evaluate recent advances of 2D nanomaterial strategies in biomedical engineering and discuss emerging approaches and current limitations associated with these nanomaterials. Due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, this new class of nanomaterials has the potential to become a platform technology in regenerative medicine and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Murali
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Giriraj Lokhande
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kaivalya A. Deo
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Anna Brokesh
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Akhilesh K. Gaharwar
- Biomedical Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Material Science and Engineering, Dwight Look College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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4
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Karoichan A, Baudequin T, Al-Jallad H, Tabrizian M. Encapsulation and differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a biomimetic purine cross-linked chitosan sponge. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:585-594. [PMID: 34545996 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue have become a widely investigated cell source to use in tissue engineering applications. However, an optimal delivery scaffold for these cells is still needed. A rapidly gelling, injectable chitosan sponge was proposed in this study as a potential candidate for a suitable delivery scaffold. The results demonstrated the ability to encapsulate the stem cells at a 97.6% encapsulation efficiency and that the cells maintain their viability within the sponge. With the potential of using this scaffold for bone tissue engineering, ALP activity assay and fluorescent imaging for osteocalcin proved the ability to differentiate the encapsulated cells into the osteogenic lineage. Furthermore, co-encapsulation of pyrophosphatase within the sponge was investigated as a method to overcome the inhibitory effects that the sponge degradation by-products have on mineralization. Alizarin Red S staining demonstrated the beneficial effects of adding pyrophosphatase, where a significant increase in mineralization levels was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Karoichan
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Timothée Baudequin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hadil Al-Jallad
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Cun X, Hosta-Rigau L. Topography: A Biophysical Approach to Direct the Fate of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2070. [PMID: 33092104 PMCID: PMC7590059 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat tissue and organ loss or damage caused by injury or disease. During the past two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in tissue engineering due to their multipotency and self-renewal ability. MSCs are also the most multipotent stem cells in the human adult body. However, the application of MSCs in tissue engineering is relatively limited because it is difficult to guide their differentiation toward a specific cell lineage by using traditional biochemical factors. Besides biochemical factors, the differentiation of MSCs also influenced by biophysical cues. To this end, much effort has been devoted to directing the cell lineage decisions of MSCs through adjusting the biophysical properties of biomaterials. The surface topography of the biomaterial-based scaffold can modulate the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Presently, the development of micro- and nano-fabrication techniques has made it possible to control the surface topography of the scaffold precisely. In this review, we highlight and discuss how the main topographical features (i.e., roughness, patterns, and porosity) are an efficient approach to control the fate of MSCs and the application of topography in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- DTU Health Tech, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Allé, Building 423, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;
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Zhao B, Zheng ZL, Liu W, Yin HM, Lan RT, Xu L, Xu JZ, Song X, Li ZM. Combination of nanolamellae and PDA coating on promoting the long-term adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen M, Huang L, Shen X, Li M, Luo Z, Cai K, Hu Y. Construction of multilayered molecular reservoirs on a titanium alloy implant for combinational drug delivery to promote osseointegration in osteoporotic conditions. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:304-318. [PMID: 31982586 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) molecules are used as molecular reservoirs and grafted onto chitosan molecules for calcitriol (VD3) loading, which is a hormonally active metabolite of vitamin D. The resultant molecular complex is co-assembled with an antiosteoporosis drug calcitonin (CT) to form bio-functional multilayer structure on Ti6Al7Nb substrate via layer-by-layer self-assembly, which is capable of releasing VD3 and calcitonin in a sustained manner to modulate osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and macrophages at the bone-implant interface. In vitro results show that the released VD3 and CT individually upregulated the expression of calcium-binding protein (including Calbindin D9k and Calbindin D28k) and BMP2 in osteoblasts in peri-implant regions to stimulate their Ca deposition and differentiation. RAW264.7 cells (a murine macrophage) on the biofunctional implant displayed improved M2 phenotypical differentiation and expression of BMP2 and VEGF genes, but M1 phenotypical differentiation potential and MCF and TRAP gene expression levels are evidently lower. Results from in vivo micro-CT and histological analysis also demonstrate that VD3/CT co-loaded implant can dramatically enhance the bone remodeling under osteoporotic conditions with significantly enhanced interfacial shear strength and improved osseointegration as compared to other groups. The insights in this study offer new avenues for the rational functionalization of titanium implants to effectively repair osteoporotic fractures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A promising strategy to enhance the recovery rate of osteoporotic fractures is to immobilize antiosteoporotic drugs onto the surface of titanium-based implants. In this study, we grafted beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto chitosan (Chi) molecules to load VD3, which was co-assembled with calcitonin (CT) onto Ti6Al7Nb implants by the layer-by-layer assembly technique. The obtained functional titanium alloy implant (Ti6Al7Nb/LBL/Chi-CD@VD3/ CT) could stably release VD3 and calcitonin agents in a sustained manner. RAW264.7 cells grown on Ti6Al7Nb/LBL/Chi-CD@VD3/CT showed superior M2 phenotypical differentiation efficiency, but lower MCF/TRAP gene expression levels. In vitro and in vivo results showed that the released VD3 and CT individually upregulated the expression of calcium binding proteins and BMP2 in osteoblasts, promoting new bone formation in the peri-implant region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Mu C, Hu Y, Hou Y, Li M, He Y, Shen X, Tao B, Lin C, Chen M, Chen M, Cai K. Substance P-embedded multilayer on titanium substrates promotes local osseointegration via MSC recruitment. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1212-1222. [PMID: 31950127 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01124b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the chemokine substance P (SP) was inserted into multilayered systems on titanium (Ti)-based substrates for endogenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment to facilitate bone healing. The multilayer was constructed with cationic chitosan (Chi), SP and anionic gelatin (Gel) via a spin-coater-assisted layer-by-layer (LBL) approach. The characterization results demonstrated that the multilayer system was successfully constructed and was capable of continuously releasing SP for almost 2 weeks. We further confirmed that MSCs grown on SP-modified Ti-based substrates showed improved migration capabilities as well as enhanced secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9), rather than enhanced MSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro. In the CD29+/CD90+ double immunofluorescence assay, the Ti/LBL-SP group showed the highest number of MSCs migrating to the peri-implant area after implantation. Consistently, the Ti/LBL-SP implants also significantly enhanced new bone formation according to the results of micro-CT scanning analysis, H&E staining, Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining. The obtained results reveal that SP-modified Ti-based substrates were beneficial for bone formation via recruiting endogenous MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yanhua Hou
- Chongqing Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ye He
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xinkun Shen
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bailong Tao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Chuanchuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Maowen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Maohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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CO2 adsorption and conversion of epoxides catalyzed by inexpensive and active mesoporous structured mixed-phase (anatase/brookite) TiO2. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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10
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Ma Q, Jiang N, Liang S, Chen F, Fang L, Wang X, Wang J, Chen L. Functionalization of a clustered TiO 2 nanotubular surface with platelet derived growth factor-BB covalent modification enhances osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119650. [PMID: 31806404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A multitude of micro- and nano-surface structures have been developed to improve the clinical performance of endosseous titanium (Ti) implants. However, most of these surface structures only simulate the topographic elements on a micro- or nano-scale. In this study, a nano-micro hierarchical TiO2 clustered nanotubular structure was fabricated using anodization, and then functionalized with platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) using PhoA (11-hydroxyundecylphosphonic acid)/CDI (carbonyldiimidazole) chemistry. The resulting 3-dimensional spatial biomimetic structure, named NTPCP, exhibited negligible cytotoxicity and satisfactory bio-activity for host cells, and significantly enhanced the attachment as well as osteogenesis-related functions (early-stage proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis and mineralization) of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs). We observed drastically elevated expression of osteocalcin (OCN), which mirrored prominent bone formation around the NTPCP implants in a rat model. This study establishes a novel strategy to improve the osseointegration of endosseous Ti implants via surface nano-topographic modification and bio-factor covalent functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Center for Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Center for Eye Research, Department Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Department of Periodontics, College of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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11
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Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on Ti surfaces with electrochemical nanopattern formation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:1174-1181. [PMID: 30889651 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are mainly used for dental and orthopedic applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, their intrinsic bioinertness often quotes as a common complaint for biomedical applications. Herein, we produced nanopattern Ti surfaces with 10 nm nanopores in 120 nm dimples by electrochemical nanopattern formation (ENF), and evaluated the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the nanopattern Ti surfaces. The ENF surfaces were obtained by removing the TiO2 nanotube (NT) layers prepared by an anodization process. To determine the in vitro effects of the ENF surface, cell proliferation assay, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red staining, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry were performed. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis show that the ENF surface has an ultrafine surface roughness with highly aligned nanoporous morphology. hMSCs on ENF surfaces exhibit increased proliferation and enhanced osteogenic differentiation as compared to the ordered TiO2 nanotubular and compact TiO2 surfaces. Surface modification with the ENF process is a promising technique for fabricating osteointegrative implant materials with a highly bioactive, rigid and purified nano surfaces.
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Lai M, Yan X, Jin Z. The response of bone cells to titanium surfaces modified by simvastatin-loaded multilayered films. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:1895-1908. [PMID: 30156968 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1517483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance cytocompatibility of titanium substrates by loading a multilayer film of chitosan (Chi), gelatin (Gel) and simvastatin (SV). This was fabricated using a spin-assisted layer-by-layer (LBL) technique. The surface properties of the different substrates were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement, respectively. Simvastatin release in vitro was measured by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. A well morphology with filopodia extensions was observed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) grown on simvastatin loaded multilayered films-modified titanium substrates. After 7, 14 and 21 days of culture, the simvastatin loaded multilayered films increased cell proliferation, improved osteoblastic differentiation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and mineralization. Additionally, osteoclast diffentiation marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was decreased in simvastatin loaded multilayered films. This study provides a new insight for the fabrication of titanium-based implants to enhance osseointegration especially for osteoporosis patients in orthopedic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lai
- a School of Life Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xufeng Yan
- a School of Life Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Ziyang Jin
- a School of Life Science , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , Jiangsu , China
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13
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Huang W, Sunami Y, Kimura H, Zhang S. Applications of Nanosheets in Frontier Cellular Research. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E519. [PMID: 30002280 PMCID: PMC6070807 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several types of nanosheets, such as graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanosheets, have been developed and applied in vitro in cellular research over the past decade. Scientists have used nanosheet properties, such as ease of modification and flexibility, to develop new cell/protein sensing/imaging techniques and achieve regulation of specific cell functions. This review is divided into three main parts based on the application being examined: nanosheets as a substrate, nanosheets as a sensitive surface, and nanosheets in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the applications of nanosheets are discussed, with two subsections in each section, based on their effects on cells and molecules. Finally, the application prospects of nanosheets in cellular research are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yuta Sunami
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Chen W, Xu K, Tao B, Dai L, Yu Y, Mu C, Shen X, Hu Y, He Y, Cai K. Multilayered coating of titanium implants promotes coupled osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:489-504. [PMID: 29702291 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We used surface-modified titanium (Ti) substrates with a multilayered structure composed of chitosan-catechol (Chi-C), gelatin (Gel) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanofibers, which were previously shown to improve osteogenesis, as a platform to investigate the interaction of osteogenesis and angiogenesis during bone healing. Combined techniques of Transwell co-culture, wound healing assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate adhesion, morphology and migration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) grown on different Ti substrates. We investigated the effect of substrates on the osteogenic differentiation of Ad-MSCs and reciprocal paracrine effects of Ad-MSCs on HUVECs or vice versa. The multilayered Ti substrates directly regulated the cellular functions of Ad-MSCs and angiogenic HUVECs and mediated communication between them by enhancing paracrine effects via cell-matrix interactions in vitro. The in vivo results showed that the change of microenvironment induced by surface-modified Ti implants promoted the adhesion, recruitment and proliferation of MSCs and facilitated coupled osteogenesis and angiogenesis in bone healing. The study proved that multilayer-film-coated Ti substrates positively mediated cellular biological function in vitro and improved bone healing in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Recent studies have revealed that osteogenesis and angiogenesis are coupled, and that communication between osteoblasts and endothelial cells is essential for bone healing and remodeling processes; however, these conclusions only result from in vitro studies or in vivo studies using transgenic murine models. Relatively little is known about the communication between osteoblasts and endothelial cells in peri-implants during bone healing processes. Our results revealed the cellular/molecular mechanism of how multilayered Ti substrates mediate reciprocal paracrine effects between adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells; moreover, the interactions between the cell-matrix and peri-implant was proven in vivo with enhanced bone healing. This study contributes to our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of angiogenesis and osteogenesis that affect peri-implantation, and thus, provides new insights into the design of future high-quality orthopedic implants.
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15
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Wang D, Song J, Ma H. An in vitro Experimental Insight into the Osteoblast Responses to Vitamin D3 and Its Metabolites. Pharmacology 2018; 101:225-235. [PMID: 29393236 DOI: 10.1159/000486446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]VD3) has recently been found to be an active hormone. Its biological actions are also demonstrated in various cell types. However, the precise influences of vitamin D3 (VD3) and its metabolites (25[OH]VD3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25-(OH)2VD3]) on the osteoblast differentiation remain largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the effects of VD3 and its metabolites in different concentrations on the early and later osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization. METHODS We first used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to evaluate the responsiveness of osteoblasts to VD3, 25(OH)VD3 or 1α,25-(OH)2VD3. We also evaluated the proliferation, differentiation and biomineralization of osteoblast at different time points via cell counting kit-8 assay and the analysis of osteogenic markers. RESULTS The experimental results confirmed that osteoblasts could be responsive to 25(OH)VD3 and 1α,25-(OH)2VD3 but could not directly metabolize VD3 and 25(OH)VD3. Only 200 nmol/L VD3 significantly promoted osteoblast proliferation, while 25(OH)VD3 and 1α,25-(OH)2VD3 did not show obvious actions. Moreover, the early osteogenic markers were increased by 25(OH)VD3 and 1α,25-(OH)2VD3 in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, only 25(OH)VD3 had accelerated the gene and protein expressions of osteocalcin and the biomineralization level of osteoblasts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide reliable evidence that 25(OH)VD3 at 100-200 nmol/L can induce the early and later osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization for clinical bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Spine Centre, Department of Orthopedics, 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Huasong Ma
- Spine Centre, Department of Orthopedics, 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
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16
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miR-195 inhibited abnormal activation of osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells via targeting RAF-1. Exp Cell Res 2018; 362:293-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Xu K, Chen W, Mu C, Yu Y, Cai K. Strontium folic acid derivative functionalized titanium surfaces for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6811-6826. [PMID: 32264331 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of the bioactive strontium (Sr) element has become an attractive method in the design of bio-functional layers on titanium surfaces. However, there are still no effective solutions to some of the associated problems including the toxicity of free Sr2+ ions and the rapid and irreversible loss of the strontium element from the bio-functional layers. In this study, we successfully fabricated a bioactive layer on Ti substrates with a strontium folic acid derivative (FASr). About 3.11 at% Sr was incorporated into the Ti surface. The characterization results showed that FASr was stable over a long period of time and minimal free Sr2+ ions were detected in simulated body fluid (SBF). In the in vitro experiment, the FASr could significantly promote the cell adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) over a short period. Furthermore, it could dramatically accelerate the bone formation around the implant. In vivo, a total of 30 7-week old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were applied for implantation tests. The results showed that this positive stimulatory effect became more evident in the later stages of the in vivo observation. This study provides an effective strategy for designing and optimizing Ti-based implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.
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18
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Gong Z, Cheng H, Zhang M, Liu X, Zeng Y, Xiang K, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhu Z. Osteogenic activity and angiogenesis of a SrTiO3 nano-gridding structure on titanium surface. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:537-552. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02329k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dual effect of alveolate double-layered SrTiO3 nano-gridding based on Ti substrate: osteogenic activity and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheni Gong
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Haoyan Cheng
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Xi Liu
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yan Zeng
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
- China
| | - Kaiwen Xiang
- Hospital of Central China Normal University
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
- China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yinwei Wang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
- China
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19
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Xu K, Chen W, Hu Y, Shen X, Xu G, Ran Q, Yu Y, Mu C, Cai K. Influence of strontium ions incorporated into nanosheet-pore topographical titanium substrates on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and on osseointegration in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4549-4564. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00724d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strontium ions incorporation and nanosheet-pore topography of titanium substrates synergistically improve the osteogensis of MSCs and osseointegration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Weizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Gaoqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Qichun Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Yonglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Caiyun Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
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