1
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Huang S, Wang Q, Shan Y, Shi X, Liu Z, He H. Effects of Si/Al Ratio on Passive NO x Adsorption Performance over Pd/Beta Zeolites. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083501. [PMID: 37110735 PMCID: PMC10145102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current article, the effect of Si/Al ratio on the NOx adsorption and storage capacity over Pd/Beta with 1 wt% Pd loading was investigated. The XRD, 27Al NMR and 29Si NMR measurements were used to determine the structure of Pd/Beta zeolites. XAFS, XPS, CO-DRIFT, TEM and H2-TPR were used to identify the Pd species. The results showed that the NOx adsorption and storage capacity on Pd/Beta zeolites gradually decreased with the increase of Si/Al ratio. Pd/Beta-Si (Si-rich, Si/Al~260) rarely has NOx adsorption and storage capacity, while Pd/Beta-Al (Al-rich, Si/Al~6) and Pd/Beta-C (Common, Si/Al~25) exhibit excellent NOx adsorption and storage capacity and suitable desorption temperature. Pd/Beta-C has slightly lower desorption temperature compared to Pd/Beta-Al. The NOx adsorption and storage capacity increased for Pd/Beta-Al and Pd/Beta-C by hydrothermal aging treatment, while the NOx adsorption and storage capacity on Pd/Beta-Si had no change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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2
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Qi X, Wang Y, Liu C, Liu Q. The Challenges and Comprehensive Evolution of Cu-Based Zeolite Catalysts for SCR Systems in Diesel Vehicles: A Review. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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3
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Hoffmann A, De Prins M, Sree SP, Vanbutsele G, Smet S, Chandran CV, Radhakrishnan S, Breynaert E, Martens JA. Selective catalytic reduction of NO x with ammonia (NH 3-SCR) over copper loaded LEV type zeolites synthesized with different templates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15428-15438. [PMID: 35708199 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
LEV type zeolites were synthesized with four different structure-directing agents and converted to copper loaded NH3-SCR catalysts. The synthesis recipe was found to impact the respective Al population in the two topologically different framework sites in double and single 6-rings, resolvable by 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. Hydrothermal stability was found to be related to the silanol concentration, Si/Al ratio, particle size, crystal morphology, crystal defects, external surface area, and microporosity. Catalytic activity in NH3-SCR was dependent on preferential Al siting in the double 6-rings. Levinite synthesized using adamantylamine showed the strongest preference for Al atoms sitting in double 6-ring sites, and showed the highest catalytic turnover frequency. Unfortunately, because of the large crystal size, copper loading of this sample was limited to 0.6 wt% while other samples could be loaded with copper up to 3.3 wt%. An optimum combination of hydrothermal stability and catalytic activity was obtained with N,N'-bis-dimethylpentanediyldiammonium dibromide as structure-directing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hoffmann
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Michiel De Prins
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sreeprasanth Pulinthanathu Sree
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Gina Vanbutsele
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sam Smet
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - C Vinod Chandran
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sambhu Radhakrishnan
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Eric Breynaert
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Johan A Martens
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis: Characterization and Application Team, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium.
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4
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Chen YR, Wei L, Kumar A, Wang D, Epling WS. How changes in Cu-SSZ-13 catalytic oxidation activity via mild hydrothermal aging influence sulfur poisoning extents. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01394k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur poisoning of Cu-SSZ-13 is a function of the catalyst's oxidation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ren Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, 47202, USA
| | | | - Di Wang
- Cummins Inc., Columbus, IN, 47202, USA
| | - William S. Epling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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5
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Liu B, Lv N, Wang C, Zhang H, Yue Y, Xu J, Bi X, Bao X. Redistributing Cu species in Cu-SSZ-13 zeolite as NH3-SCR catalyst via a simple ion-exchange. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Millan R, Cnudde P, van Speybroeck V, Boronat M. Mobility and Reactivity of Cu + Species in Cu-CHA Catalysts under NH 3-SCR-NOx Reaction Conditions: Insights from AIMD Simulations. JACS AU 2021; 1:1778-1787. [PMID: 34723280 PMCID: PMC8549050 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of the copper cations acting as active sites for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia in Cu-CHA catalysts varies with temperature and feed composition. Herein, the migration of [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes between two adjacent cavities of the chabazite structure, including other reactant molecules (NO, O2, H2O, and NH3), in the initial and final cavities is investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with enhanced sampling techniques to describe hopping events from one cage to the other. We find that such diffusion is only significantly hindered by the presence of excess NH3 or NO in the initial cavity, since both reactants form with [Cu(NH3)2]+ stable intermediates which are too bulky to cross the 8-ring windows connecting the cavities. The presence of O2 modifies strongly the interaction of NO with Cu+. At low temperatures, we observe NO detachment from Cu+ and increased mobility of the [Cu(NH3)2]+ complex, while at high temperatures, NO reacts spontaneously with O2 to form NO2. The present simulations give evidence for recent experimental observations, namely, an NH3 inhibition effect on the SCR reaction at low temperatures, and transport limitations of NO and NH3 at high temperatures. Our first principle simulations mimicking operating conditions support the existence of two different reaction mechanisms operating at low and high temperatures, the former involving dimeric Cu(NH3)2-O2-Cu(NH3)2 species and the latter occurring by direct NO oxidation to NO2 in one single cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reisel Millan
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center
for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
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7
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Negahdar L, Omori NE, Quesne MG, Frogley MD, Cacho-Nerin F, Jones W, Price SWT, Catlow CRA, Beale AM. Elucidating the Significance of Copper and Nitrate Speciation in Cu-SSZ-13 for N 2O Formation during NH 3-SCR. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Negahdar
- Chemistry Department, University College of London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX110FA, U.K
| | - Naomi E. Omori
- Chemistry Department, University College of London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX110FA, U.K
| | - Matthew G. Quesne
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX110FA, U.K
| | - Mark D. Frogley
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Fernando Cacho-Nerin
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Wilm Jones
- Chemistry Department, University College of London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Finden Ltd, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 5EG, U.K
| | - Stephen W. T. Price
- Finden Ltd, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 5EG, U.K
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Chemistry Department, University College of London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX110FA, U.K
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Chemistry Department, University College of London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Finden Ltd, Merchant House, 5 East St Helen Street, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 5EG, U.K
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX110FA, U.K
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8
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Sørli G, Azim MM, Rønning M, Mathisen K. Improved lifetime and stability of copper species in hierarchical, copper-incorporated CuSAPO-34 verified by catalytic model reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16785-16794. [PMID: 34320044 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01898a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first successful synthesis of hierarchical CuSAPO-34 (3.9 wt% Cu) is reported using the polymer Pluronic F127 as a mesoporous structure directing agent (SDA). X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) revealed single site Cu2+ with 4 nearest oxygen neighbours at 1.96 Å. A catalytic model reaction, the selective reduction of NO with different sized hydrocarbons as reductants, explained that Cu2+ is accessible and reactive in both micro- and mesopores of the hierarchical CuSAPO-34. The presence of mesopores resulted in superior lifetime of the hierarchical CuSAPO-34 in the catalytic model reaction, selective oxidation of propene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guro Sørli
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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9
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Zhu B, Chen W, Wang J, Sun Y, Song W, Zi Z, Yu H, Liu E. Heavy metal poisoning resistance of a Co-modified 3Mn10Fe/Ni low-temperature SCR deNOx catalyst. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14546-14554. [PMID: 33215277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals have a great influence on the deNOx efficiency of catalysts. The 3Mn10Fe/Ni catalyst that used nickel foam (Ni) as the carrier, Mn and Fe as the active components, and Co as a trace auxiliary was prepared using an impregnation method. The catalysts poisoned by Pb or Zn and Co-modified catalysts with Pb or Zn poisoning were studied. The addition of Pb or Zn significantly decreases the deNOx activity of the 3Mn10Fe/Ni catalyst due to the decrease in the content of high-valence metal elements such as Fe3+ and Mn4+, lattice oxygen concentration, reduction performance, acidity, and the number of acid sites. However, after Co modification, the deNOx activity of the poisoned catalysts can be improved effectively because the strong interaction between Pb or Zn and lattice oxygen is weakened, and the contents of lattice oxygen, high valence metal elements, reduction ability, and the number of acid sites increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Zhu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Chen
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlan Sun
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiyi Song
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Zi
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Yu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Enhai Liu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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10
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Liang J, Mi Y, Song G, Peng H, Li Y, Yan R, Liu W, Wang Z, Wu P, Liu F. Environmental benign synthesis of Nano-SSZ-13 via FAU trans-crystallization: Enhanced NH 3-SCR performance on Cu-SSZ-13 with nano-size effect. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122986. [PMID: 32502803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Small pore zeolites with chabazite structure have been commercialized for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with ammonium (NH3) from diesel exhaust. However, conventional zeolite synthesis processes detrimental effects on the environment due to the consumption of large amount of water, organic templates. Thus, this study proposed a green synthesis process with addition of minimal amount of water, structure directing agent and shortened steps to prepare nano-sized SSZ-13 (0.12 μm) using trans-crystallization strategy and exhibited enhanced performance for NOx removal after copper ion-exchange. The operation temperature window (NOx conversion >90 %) as well as the SO2 and H2O resistance over the green-route prepared nano-sized SSZ-13 (178-480 °C) outperformed the conventional SSZ-13 (29.8 μm, 211-438 °C) mainly due to the much shorter diffusion path. This clearly implied that the mass transportation was key for NH3-SCR of NOx on such small pore zeolite catalysts, which was further confirmed via an in-depth mass transportation calculation process. These results demonstrate that the Cu-nano-sized SSZ-13 prepared by the environmental benign route has great potential to act as a new generation of deNOx catalyst for diesel exhaust and provided a guideline for researchers to develop new methods to synthesize nano-catalysts for air pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yangyang Mi
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience Technology Center (NSTC), University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States
| | - Honggen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Yonglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Ran Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal & Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fudong Liu
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Catalysis Cluster for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations (REACT), NanoScience Technology Center (NSTC), University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States.
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11
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Agote-Arán M, Kroner AB, Wragg DS, Sławiński WA, Briceno M, Islam HU, Sazanovich IV, Rivas ME, Smith AWJ, Collier P, Lezcano-González I, Beale AM. Understanding the Deactivation Phenomena of Small-Pore Mo/H-SSZ-13 during Methane Dehydroaromatisation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215048. [PMID: 33143211 PMCID: PMC7663607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small pore zeolites have shown great potential in a number of catalytic reactions. While Mo-containing medium pore zeolites have been widely studied for methane dehydroaromatisation (MDA), the use of small pore supports has drawn limited attention due to the fast deactivation of the catalyst. This work investigates the structure of the small pore Mo/H-SSZ-13 during catalyst preparation and reaction by operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in situ synchrotron powder diffraction (SPD), and electron microscopy; then, the results are compared with the medium pore Mo/H-ZSM-5. While SPD suggests that during catalyst preparation, part of the MoOx anchors inside the pores, Mo dispersion and subsequent ion exchange was less effective in the small pore catalyst, resulting in the formation of mesopores and Al2(MOO4)3 particles. Unlike Mo/H-ZSM-5, part of the Mo species in Mo/H-SSZ-13 undergoes full reduction to Mo0 during MDA, whereas characterisation of the spent catalyst indicates that differences also exist in the nature of the formed carbon deposits. Hence, the different Mo speciation and the low performance on small pore zeolites can be attributed to mesopores formation during calcination and the ineffective ion exchange into well dispersed Mo-oxo sites. The results open the scope for the optimisation of synthetic routes to explore the potential of small pore topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Agote-Arán
- Chemistry Department, University College of London Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DEU, UK;
| | - Anna B. Kroner
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DEU, UK;
| | - David S. Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, NGAP Centre for Research Based Innovation, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway; (D.S.W.); (W.A.S.)
| | - Wojciech A. Sławiński
- Department of Chemistry, NGAP Centre for Research Based Innovation, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway; (D.S.W.); (W.A.S.)
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1 Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martha Briceno
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK; (M.B.); (H.U.I.); (M.E.R.); (A.W.J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Husn U. Islam
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK; (M.B.); (H.U.I.); (M.E.R.); (A.W.J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK;
| | - María E. Rivas
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK; (M.B.); (H.U.I.); (M.E.R.); (A.W.J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Andrew W. J. Smith
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK; (M.B.); (H.U.I.); (M.E.R.); (A.W.J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Paul Collier
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount’s Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, UK; (M.B.); (H.U.I.); (M.E.R.); (A.W.J.S.); (P.C.)
| | - Inés Lezcano-González
- Chemistry Department, University College of London Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;
- Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
- Correspondence: (I.L.-G.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Chemistry Department, University College of London Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;
- Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
- Correspondence: (I.L.-G.); (A.M.B.)
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12
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Krishna SH, Jones CB, Miller JT, Ribeiro FH, Gounder R. Combining Kinetics and Operando Spectroscopy to Interrogate the Mechanism and Active Site Requirements of NO x Selective Catalytic Reduction with NH 3 on Cu-Zeolites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5029-5036. [PMID: 32496798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
NOx selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with NH3 on Cu-zeolites is a commercial emissions control technology for diesel and lean-burn engines. Mitigating low-temperature emissions remains an outstanding challenge, motivating an improved understanding of the reaction mechanism, active site requirements, and rate-determining processes at low temperatures (<523 K). In this Perspective, we discuss how operando spectroscopy provides crucial information about how the structures, coordination environments, and oxidation states of Cu active sites depend on reaction conditions and sample composition; when combined with kinetic measurements, such operando data provide insights into the Cu site and spatial density requirements for reduction and oxidation steps relevant to the Cu(II)/Cu(I) SCR redox cycle. Isolated Cu ions coordinated to zeolite oxygen atoms ex situ become coordinated to NH3 in situ and dynamically interconvert between mononuclear and binuclear NH3-solvated Cu complexes to catalyze SCR turnovers. We conclude with future research directions that can benefit from combining quantitative kinetic measurements with operando spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth H Krishna
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Casey B Jones
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey T Miller
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Fabio H Ribeiro
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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13
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Kvande K, Pappas DK, Borfecchia E, Lomachenko KA. Advanced X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy Analysis to Determine Structure‐Activity Relationships for Cu‐Zeolites in the Direct Conversion of Methane to Methanol. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Kvande
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Sem Sælands vei 26 0371 Oslo Norway
| | - Dimitrios K. Pappas
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Sem Sælands vei 26 0371 Oslo Norway
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Center and INSTM Reference Center University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Kirill A. Lomachenko
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220 Grenoble Cedex 9 38043 France
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14
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Newton MA, Knorpp AJ, Sushkevich VL, Palagin D, van Bokhoven JA. Active sites and mechanisms in the direct conversion of methane to methanol using Cu in zeolitic hosts: a critical examination. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1449-1486. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00709d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this critical review we examine the current state of our knowledge in respect of the nature of the active sites in copper containing zeolites for the selective conversion of methane to methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Newton
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Amy J. Knorpp
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Vitaly L. Sushkevich
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry
- Paul Scherrer Institute
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
| | - Dennis Palagin
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry
- Paul Scherrer Institute
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry
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15
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Chen Z, Guo L, Qu H, Liu L, Xie H, Zhong Q. Controllable positions of Cu2+ to enhance low-temperature SCR activity on novel Cu-Ce-La-SSZ-13 by a simple one-pot method. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2360-2363. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of Cu2+ ions to migrate to more active SCR reaction sites can efficiently improve low-temperature SCR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Huifang Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Qin Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
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16
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Chen Z, Tan X, Wang J, Wang C, Wang J, Li W, Shen M. Why does there have to be a residual Na ion as a co-cation on Cu/SSZ-13? Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01142h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Only the residual Na+ ion as co-cation improves the hydrothermal stability and NH3-SCR activity of Cu/SSZ-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Xuguang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability
- Weichai Power Co., Ltd
- Weifang 261061
- P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- General Motors Global Research and Development
- Chemical Sciences and Materials System Lab
- Warren
- USA
| | - Meiqing Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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17
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Liu K, Yan Z, Shan W, Shan Y, Shi X, He H. Quantitative determination of the Cu species, acid sites and NH3-SCR mechanism on Cu-SSZ-13 and H-SSZ-13 at low temperatures. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02352f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The NH3-SCR mechanism and the number of acid sites and various Cu species on Cu-SSZ-13 and H-SSZ-13 were quantitatively determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Zidi Yan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Wenpo Shan
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
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18
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Urrutxua M, Pereda-Ayo B, De-La-Torre U, González-Velasco JR. Evaluation of Cu/SAPO-34 Catalysts Prepared by Solid-State and Liquid Ion-Exchange Methods for NO x Removal by NH 3-SCR. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14699-14713. [PMID: 31552309 PMCID: PMC6751541 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts are prepared using solid-state ion exchange (SSIE) and liquid ion exchange (LIE). SSIE is conducted by calcining a physical mixture of H-SAPO-34 zeolite and CuO nanoparticles at elevated temperatures (500-800 °C). The conventional LIE method is conducted by exchanging Na-SAPO-34 with Cu(COOCH3)2 aqueous solution with a final calcination step at 500 °C. Catalysts were fully characterized, focusing on Cu species identification. The NH3-SCR activity is evaluated for NO x removal. Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts synthesized by SSIE at 700 °C achieved an optimal reaction rate, which was correlated with a higher proportion of Cu2+ ions. The activation energies of Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts prepared by SSIE and LIE with varying copper loadings are 32-38 and 42-47 kJ mol-1, respectively. The SSIE catalysts achieve higher turnover frequency than LIE catalysts for a similar copper content, which decreases on increasing the copper loading. These results provide evidence that Cu ions exchanged into the Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts synthesized by SSIE present higher activity than those prepared by LIE for NO x removal by NH3-SCR.
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19
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Abstract
To reveal the role of SO3 poisoning in Cu/SSZ-13 NH3-SCR catalysts, fresh and sulfated Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts were prepared in the presence or absence of SO3 flux. The deactivation mechanism is probed by the changes of structural, copper species, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) activity. The variations concentrate on the changes of copper species as the Chabazite (CHA) framework of Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts could keep intact at high ratios of SO3/SOx. The thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) results reveal that the copper sulfate formed during sulfation and the amounts of sulfate species increased with an increase in the SO3/SOx ratio. In contrast to the changing trend of copper sulfate, temperature program reduction (H2-TPR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results manifest that, since the number of active copper ions declines with an increase of the SO3/SOx ratio, the active sites transform to these inactive species during sulfation. Due to the combination of NH3-SCR activity and the kinetic tests, it is shown that the decreased number of active sites is responsible for the declined SCR activity at low temperature. As Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts show excellent acid-resistance ability, our study reveals that the Cu/SSZ-13 catalyst is a good candidate for NOx elimination, especially when SO3 exists.
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20
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Shen M, Wang Z, Li X, Wang J, Wang J, Wang C, Wang J. Effects of regeneration conditions on sulfated CuSSZ-13 catalyst for NH3-SCR. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Ma Y, Cheng S, Wu X, Shi Y, Cao L, Liu L, Ran R, Si Z, Liu J, Weng D. Low-Temperature Solid-State Ion-Exchange Method for Preparing Cu-SSZ-13 Selective Catalytic Reduction Catalyst. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Songqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunzhou Shi
- State Key Laboratory
of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Cao
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Ran
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhichun Si
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen City 518055, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Duan Weng
- Key Laboratory
of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen City 518055, China
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22
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Chen M, Sun Q, Yang G, Chen X, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Yang X, Yu J. Enhanced Performance for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO
x
with NH
3
over Nanosized Cu/SAPO‐34 Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Qiming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Guoju Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P.R. China
| | - Xiangguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P.R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
- International Center of Future ScienceJilin University Changchun 130012 P.R. China
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23
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24
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Moreno-González M, Millán R, Concepción P, Blasco T, Boronat M. Spectroscopic Evidence and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Analysis of Low-Temperature Oxidation of Cu+ to Cu2+NOx in Cu-CHA Catalysts: Implications for the SCR-NOx Reaction Mechanism. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moreno-González
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Reisel Millán
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Concepción
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Blasco
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Av. de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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25
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Lee H, Song I, Jeon SW, Kim DH. Inter-particle migration of Cu ions in physically mixed Cu-SSZ-13 and H-SSZ-13 treated by hydrothermal aging. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Physically mixed Cu-SSZ-13 and H-SSZ-13 catalysts were prepared using two different methods to control the extent of contact. Migration of Cu ions between particles is proved by discrepancy of two physical mixed catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangho Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Inhak Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Se Won Jeon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Do Heui Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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26
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Shamzhy M, Opanasenko M, Concepción P, Martínez A. New trends in tailoring active sites in zeolite-based catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1095-1149. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00887f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses approaches for tailoring active sites in extra-large pore, nanocrystalline, and hierarchical zeolites and their performance in emerging catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Shamzhy
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University in Prague
- 12840 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Maksym Opanasenko
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University in Prague
- 12840 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Concepción
- Instituto de Tecnología Química
- Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC)
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Agustín Martínez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química
- Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC)
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
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27
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Lo BTW, Ye L, Tsang SCE. The Contribution of Synchrotron X-Ray Powder Diffraction to Modern Zeolite Applications: A Mini-review and Prospects. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Abstract
In the past decade or so, small-pore zeolites have received greater attention than large- and medium-pore molecular sieves that have historically dominated the literature. This is primarily due to the commercialization of two major catalytic processes, NOx exhaust removal and methanol conversion to light olefins, that take advantage of the properties of these materials with smaller apertures. Small-pore zeolites possess pores that are constructed of eight tetrahedral atoms (Si4+ and Al3+), each time linked by a shared oxygen These eight-member ring pores (8MR) provide small molecules access to the intracrystalline void space, e.g., to NOx during car exhaust cleaning (NOx removal) or to methanol en route to its conversion into light olefins, while restricting larger molecule entrance and departure that is critical to overall catalyst performance. In total, there are forty-four structurally different small-pore zeolites. Forty-one of these zeolites can be synthesized, and the first synthetic zeolite (KFI, 1948) was in fact a small-pore material. Although the field of 8MR zeolite chemistry has expanded in many directions, the progress in synthesis is framework-specific, leaving insights and generalizations difficult to realize. This review first focuses on the relevant synthesis details of all 8MR zeolites and provides some generalized findings and related insights. Next, catalytic applications where 8MR zeolites either have been commercialized or have dominated investigations are presented, with the aim of providing structure-activity relationships. The review ends with a summary that discusses (i) both synthetic and catalytic progress, (ii) a list of opportunities in the 8MR zeolite field, and (iii) a brief future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Dusselier
- Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Heverlee , Belgium
| | - Mark E Davis
- Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , Mail Code 210-41, Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
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29
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Fernández E, Moreno-González M, Moliner M, Blasco T, Boronat M, Corma A. Modeling of EPR Parameters for Cu(II): Application to the Selective Reduction of NOx Catalyzed by Cu-Zeolites. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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30
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Liu Y, Zhao J, Lee JM. Conventional and New Materials for Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 62 Nanyang Drive 637459 Singapore Singapore
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31
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Oord R, Schmidt JE, Weckhuysen BM. Methane-to-methanol conversion over zeolite Cu-SSZ-13, and its comparison with the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02461d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using in situ FT-IR and operando UV-vis-NIR DRS, performed on a series of different Cu–ion-exchanged SSZ-13 zeolites, both a mono-nuclear site or a dimeric copper active site are consistent for methane-to-methanol activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Oord
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Joel E. Schmidt
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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32
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Greenaway AG, Lezcano-Gonzalez I, Agote-Aran M, Gibson EK, Odarchenko Y, Beale AM. Operando Spectroscopic Studies of Cu-SSZ-13 for NH 3-SCR deNOx Investigates the Role of NH 3 in Observed Cu(II) Reduction at High NO Conversions. Top Catal 2018; 61:175-182. [PMID: 30956504 PMCID: PMC6413821 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The small pore zeolite chabazite (SSZ-13) in the copper exchanged form is a very efficient material for the selective catalytic reduction by ammonia (NH3) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust of lean burn engines, typically diesel powered vehicles. The full mechanism occurring during the NH3–SCR process is currently debated with outstanding questions including the nature and role of the catalytically active sites. Time-resolved operando spectroscopic techniques have been used to provide new level of insights in to the mechanism of NH3–SCR, to show that the origin of stable Cu(I) species under SCR conditions is potentially caused by an interaction between NH3 and the Cu cations located in eight ring sites of the bulk of the zeolite and is independent of the NH3–SCR of NOx occurring at Cu six ring sites within the zeolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Greenaway
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Ines Lezcano-Gonzalez
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Miren Agote-Aran
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Emma K Gibson
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Yaroslav Odarchenko
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
| | - Andrew M Beale
- 1Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK.,2Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA UK
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33
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Schmidt JE, Oord R, Guo W, Poplawsky JD, Weckhuysen BM. Nanoscale tomography reveals the deactivation of automotive copper-exchanged zeolite catalysts. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1666. [PMID: 29162802 PMCID: PMC5698465 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-exchanged zeolite chabazite (Cu-SSZ-13) was recently commercialized for the selective catalytic reduction of NO X with ammonia in vehicle emissions as it exhibits superior reaction performance and stability compared to all other catalysts, notably Cu-ZSM-5. Herein, the 3D distributions of Cu as well as framework elements (Al, O, Si) in both fresh and aged Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-ZSM-5 are determined with nanometer resolution using atom probe tomography (APT), and correlated with catalytic activity and other characterizations. Both fresh catalysts contain a heterogeneous Cu distribution, which is only identified due to the single atom sensitivity of APT. After the industry standard 135,000 mile simulation, Cu-SSZ-13 shows Cu and Al clustering, whereas Cu-ZSM-5 is characterized by severe Cu and Al aggregation into a copper aluminate phase (CuAl2O4 spinel). The application of APT as a sensitive and local characterization method provides identification of nanometer scale heterogeneities that lead to catalytic activity and material deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel E Schmidt
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Oord
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jonathan D Poplawsky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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34
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Identification of Distinct Copper Species in Cu-CHA Samples Using NO as Probe Molecule. A Combined IR Spectroscopic and DFT Study. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Andersen CW, Borfecchia E, Bremholm M, Jørgensen MRV, Vennestrøm PNR, Lamberti C, Lundegaard LF, Iversen BB. Redox-Driven Migration of Copper Ions in the Cu-CHA Zeolite as Shown by the In Situ PXRD/XANES Technique. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10367-10372. [PMID: 28670829 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Using quasi-simultaneous in situ PXRD and XANES, the direct correlation between the oxidation state of Cu ions in the commercially relevant deNOx NH3 -SCR zeolite catalyst Cu-CHA and the Cu ion migration in the zeolitic pores was revealed during catalytic activation experiments. A comparison with recent reports further reveals the high sensitivity of the redox-active centers concerning heating rates, temperature, and gas environment during catalytic activation. Previously, Cu+ was confirmed present only in the 6R. Results verify a novel 8R monovalent Cu site, an eventually large Cu+ presence upon heating to high temperatures in oxidative conditions, and demonstrate the unique potential in combining in situ PXRD and XANES techniques, with which both oxidation state and structural location of the redox-active centers in the zeolite framework could be tracked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper Welzel Andersen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Haldor Topsøe A/S, Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, NIS and CrisDI interdepartmental centers, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Martin Bremholm
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads Ry Vogel Jørgensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.,MAX IV Laboratory, Fotongatan 2, 225 92, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and CrisDI interdepartmental centers, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy.,IRC "Smart Materials", Southern Federal University, Zorge Street 5, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
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36
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Andersen CW, Borfecchia E, Bremholm M, Jørgensen MRV, Vennestrøm PNR, Lamberti C, Lundegaard LF, Iversen BB. Redox-Driven Migration of Copper Ions in the Cu-CHA Zeolite as Shown by the In Situ PXRD/XANES Technique. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casper Welzel Andersen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO; Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Haldor Topsøe A/S; Haldor Topsøes Allé 1 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
- Department of Chemistry; NIS and CrisDI interdepartmental centers; University of Turin; Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
| | - Martin Bremholm
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO; Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Mads Ry Vogel Jørgensen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO; Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus Denmark
- MAX IV Laboratory; Fotongatan 2 225 92 Lund Sweden
| | | | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry; NIS and CrisDI interdepartmental centers; University of Turin; Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
- IRC “Smart Materials”; Southern Federal University; Zorge Street 5 344090 Rostov-on-Don Russia
| | | | - Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, iNANO; Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus Denmark
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37
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Broclawik E, Góra-Marek K, Radoń M, Bučko T, Stępniewski A. The dependence on ammonia pretreatment of N-O activation by Co(II) sites in zeolites: a DFT and ab initio molecular dynamics study. J Mol Model 2017; 23:160. [PMID: 28409286 PMCID: PMC5393292 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work is focused on the donor properties of cobalt-exchanged cationic sites in zeolites. It is based on cluster and periodic density functional theory modeling for relevant {[Co(II)(NH3)n]-NO} adducts, where Co(II) means a cobalt cation embedded either in a periodic model of chabasite (CHA) zeolite or in model clusters. NO stretching frequencies were derived from MD trajectories and compared to harmonic values from cluster calculations. By relating calculated NO frequencies to experimental FTIR spectra, it was shown that the forms of {Co(II)-NO} adducts comprising three or four ammonia co-ligands dominate the spectrum taken in ammonia-saturation conditions while forms with two NH3 ligands prevail under intermediate ammonia saturation. Finally, this work confirms the critical dependence of Co(II) activation ability towards NO upon the center donor properties, reinforced by ligation of strong donor ammonia ligands. However, strongly bound ligands appear also to compete with interaction of the center with the electron-rich framework, and a balance must be observed to maintain optimal activation ability. Graphical abstract A snapshot from MD trajectory showing a fragment of periodic framework with twoCo(II)-NO centers, bound to one framework oxygen and strongly coordinating three ammonia ligands with four others forming the second coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Broclawik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Krakow, Poland.
| | - K Góra-Marek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Radoń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060, Krakow, Poland
| | - T Bučko
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, SK-84215, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A Stępniewski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
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38
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Oord R, ten Have IC, Arends JM, Hendriks FC, Schmidt J, Lezcano-Gonzalez I, Weckhuysen BM. Enhanced activity of desilicated Cu-SSZ-13 for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx and its comparison with steamed Cu-SSZ-13. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous Cu-SSZ-13 was created by first synthesizing zeolite H-SSZ-13 and subsequently desilicating the material by base leaching using NaOH in different concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Oord
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - I. C. ten Have
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - J. M. Arends
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - F. C. Hendriks
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - J. Schmidt
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - I. Lezcano-Gonzalez
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - B. M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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39
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Mao Y, Wang Z, Wang HF, Hu P. Understanding Catalytic Reactions over Zeolites: A Density Functional Theory Study of Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by NH3 over Cu-SAPO-34. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mao
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry
and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry
and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - P. Hu
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry
and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
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