1
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Zhang X, Wang L, Huang R, Wang J, Yan Q. Perfluoro-tert-butyl Group-Derived Capmatinib: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Its Application in 19 F Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300354. [PMID: 37345408 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Capmatinib is an FDA-approved drug to treat metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with MET-exon 14 skipping. Herein, the perfluoro-tert-butyl group, which possesses nine chemically identical fluorine atoms, was introduced on Capmatinib to afford a targeted 19 F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe, perfluoro-tert-butyl group-derived Capmatinib (9F-CAP). The 19 F MRI concentration limit was found to be 25 mM in FLASH sequence. Molecular docking simulation, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) (with a Kd of 40.7 μM), half-inhibitory concentration (with a IC50 of 168 nM), Annexin V, and cytotoxicity assays jointly demonstrated that the 9F-CAP targeted cMET protein specifically. Therefore, the targeted imaging capability of 9F-CAP is of great significance for the preoperative diagnosis of specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel, Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Luting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ruimin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd., Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qifan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel, Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai, 200237, China
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2
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Reisenauer KN, Aroujo J, Tao Y, Ranganathan S, Romo D, Taube JH. Therapeutic vulnerabilities of cancer stem cells and effects of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1432-1456. [PMID: 37103550 PMCID: PMC10524555 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 1995 to 2022Tumors possess both genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity leading to the survival of subpopulations post-treatment. The term cancer stem cells (CSCs) describes a subpopulation that is resistant to many types of chemotherapy and which also possess enhanced migratory and anchorage-independent growth capabilities. These cells are enriched in residual tumor material post-treatment and can serve as the seed for future tumor re-growth, at both primary and metastatic sites. Elimination of CSCs is a key goal in enhancing cancer treatment and may be aided by application of natural products in conjunction with conventional treatments. In this review, we highlight molecular features of CSCs and discuss synthesis, structure-activity relationships, derivatization, and effects of six natural products with anti-CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaquelin Aroujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Yongfeng Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor Univesrity, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Joseph H Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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3
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Antoszczak M, Müller S, Cañeque T, Colombeau L, Dusetti N, Santofimia-Castaño P, Gaillet C, Puisieux A, Iovanna JL, Rodriguez R. Iron-Sensitive Prodrugs That Trigger Active Ferroptosis in Drug-Tolerant Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11536-11545. [PMID: 35696539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Persister cancer cells represent rare populations of cells resistant to therapy. Cancer cells can exploit epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to adopt a drug-tolerant state that does not depend on genetic alterations. Small molecules that can interfere with cell plasticity or kill cells in a cell state-dependent manner are highly sought after. Salinomycin has been shown to kill cancer cells in the mesenchymal state by sequestering iron in lysosomes, taking advantage of the iron addiction of this cell state. Here, we report the chemo- and stereoselective synthesis of a series of structurally complex small molecule chimeras of salinomycin derivatives and the iron-reactive dihydroartemisinin. We show that these chimeras accumulate in lysosomes and can react with iron to release bioactive species, thereby inducing ferroptosis in drug-tolerant pancreatic cancer cells and biopsy-derived organoids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This work paves the way toward the development of new cancer medicines acting through active ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nelson Dusetti
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Christine Gaillet
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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4
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Activity of singly and doubly modified derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin against Staphylococcus strains. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:445-453. [PMID: 35760901 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyether ionophore salinomycin (Sal) has been widely used in veterinary medicine as an antibiotic effective in the treatment of coccidian protozoa and Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, chemical modification of the Sal structure has been found to be a promising strategy to generate semisynthetic analogs with biological activity profiles improved relative to those of the native compound. In this context, we synthesized and thoroughly evaluated the antibacterial potential of a library of C1/C20 singly and doubly modified derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin, that is, analogs of Sal with inversed stereochemistry at the C20 position. Among the synthesized analog structures, the most promising antibacterial active agents were those obtained via regioselective O-acylation of C20-epi-hydroxyl, particularly esters 7, 9, and 11. Such C20 singly modified compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity against planktonic staphylococci, both standard and clinical strains, and revealed potential in preventing the formation of bacterial biofilms. In combination with their non-genotoxic properties, these Sal derivatives represent attractive candidates for further antimicrobial drug development.
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5
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Czerwonka D, Müller S, Cañeque T, Colombeau L, Huczyński A, Antoszczak M, Rodriguez R. Expeditive Synthesis of Potent C20- epi-Amino Derivatives of Salinomycin against Cancer Stem-Like Cells. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:214-221. [PMID: 35673680 PMCID: PMC9164233 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our studies toward the development of small molecules to selectively target cancer stem cells (CSCs), a library of 18 novel derivatives of salinomycin (Sal), a naturally occurring polyether ionophore, was synthesized with a good overall yield using a one-pot Mitsunobu-Staudinger procedure. Compared to the parent structure, the newly synthesized products contained the mono- or disubstituted C20-epi-amine groups. The biological activity of these compounds was evaluated against human mammary mesenchymal HMLER CD24low/CD44high cells, a well-established model of breast CSCs, and its isogenic epithelial cell line (HMLER CD24high/CD44low) lacking CSC properties. Importantly, the vast majority of Sal derivatives were characterized by low nanomolar activities, comparing favorably with previous data in the literature. Furthermore, some of these derivatives exhibited a higher selectivity for the mesenchymal state compared to the reference Sal and ironomycin, representing a promising new series of compounds with anti-CSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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6
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Rate of translocation across lipid bilayer of triphenylphosphonium-linked salinomycin derivatives contributes significantly to their K+/H+exchange activity on membranes. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Li B, Wu J, Tang L, Lian X, Li Z, Duan W, Qin T, Zhao X, Hu Y, Zhang C, Li T, Hao J, Zhang W, Zhang J, Wu S. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity evaluation of salinomycin C20- O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:870-876. [PMID: 35006233 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02292j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen C20-O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives were synthesized by a concise and effective method. Most of these derivatives showed tens to several hundred nanomolar IC50 values against HT-29 colorectal, HGC-27 gastric and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, whose antiproliferative activity is 15-240 fold better than that of salinomycin. The C20-oxime etherified derivatives can coordinate potassium ions, and further adjust the cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations in HT-29 cells. The significant improvement of the potency should be attributed to the better ion binding and transport ability of the modified derivatives. In addition, the C20-O-alkyl/benzyl oxime derivatives showed much better selectivity indexes (SI) than salinomycin, indicating that they present lower neurotoxic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Xu Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhongwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenfang Duan
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Tong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xintong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yuhua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Tianlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Medical School of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
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8
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Antoszczak M, Müller S, Colombeau L, Cañeque T, Rodriguez R. Rapid Access to Ironomycin Derivatives by Click Chemistry. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:222-228. [PMID: 35673682 PMCID: PMC9164236 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Salinomycin, a natural carboxylic polyether ionophore, shows a very interesting spectrum of biological activities, including selective toxicity toward cancer stem cells (CSCs). Recently, we have developed a C20-propargylamine derivative of salinomycin (ironomycin) that exhibits more potent activity in vivo and greater selectivity against breast CSCs compared to the parent natural product. Since ironomycin contains a terminal alkyne motif, it stands out as being an ideal candidate for further functionalization. Using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), we synthesized a series of 1,2,3-triazole analogs of ironomycin in good overall yields. The in vitro screening of these derivatives against a well-established model of breast CSCs (HMLER CD24low/CD44high) and its corresponding epithelial counterpart (HMLER CD24high/CD44low) revealed four new products characterized by higher potency and improved selectivity toward CSCs compared to the reference compound ironomycin. The present study highlights the therapeutic potential of a new class of semisynthetic salinomycin derivatives for targeting selectively the CSC niche and highlights ironomycin as a promising starting material for the development of new anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France,Department
of Medical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department
of Chemical Biology Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université 26 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France,Phone: +33 648 482 191.
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9
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhao S, Wang X, Liu B, Xu H. Click Chemistry in Natural Product Modification. Front Chem 2021; 9:774977. [PMID: 34869223 PMCID: PMC8635925 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.774977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Click chemistry is perhaps the most powerful synthetic toolbox that can efficiently access the molecular diversity and unique functions of complex natural products up to now. It enables the ready synthesis of diverse sets of natural product derivatives either for the optimization of their drawbacks or for the construction of natural product-like drug screening libraries. This paper showcases the state-of-the-art development of click chemistry in natural product modification and summarizes the pharmacological activities of the active derivatives as well as the mechanism of action. The aim of this paper is to gain a deep understanding of the fruitful achievements and to provide perspectives, trends, and directions regarding further research in natural product medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Qi D, Liu Y, Li J, Huang JH, Hu X, Wu E. Salinomycin as a potent anticancer stem cell agent: State of the art and future directions. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1037-1063. [PMID: 34786735 PMCID: PMC9298915 DOI: 10.1002/med.21870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within a tumor that can both self‐renew and differentiate into other cell types forming the heterogeneous tumor bulk. Since CSCs are involved in all aspects of cancer development, including tumor initiation, cell proliferation, metastatic dissemination, therapy resistance, and recurrence, they have emerged as attractive targets for cancer treatment and management. Salinomycin, a widely used antibiotic in poultry farming, was identified by the Weinberg group as a potent anti‐CSC agent in 2009. As a polyether ionophore, salinomycin exerts broad‐spectrum activities, including the important anti‐CSC function. Studies on the mechanism of action of salinomycin against cancer have been continuously and rapidly published since then. Thus, it is imperative for us to update its literature of recent research findings in this area. We here summarize the notable work reported on salinomycin's anticancer activities, intracellular binding target(s), effects on tumor microenvironment, safety, derivatives, and tumor‐specific drug delivery; after that we also discuss the translational potential of salinomycin toward clinical application based on current multifaceted understandings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theranostics, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas, USA
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11
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Evaluation of the anticancer activity of singly and doubly modified analogues of C20-epi-salinomycin. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174347. [PMID: 34265289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In developed countries, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with colon and prostate cancer belonging to the group of most often diagnosed types of neoplastic diseases. The search for new treatment strategies against these types of cancer is thus of top current interest. In this context, salinomycin (SAL), a naturally occurring polyether ionophore, has been identified recently as a very promising anticancer drug candidate towards several tumour cells. In the present work, a broad library of 24 derivatives of C20-epi-salinomycin (2), including C1 singly, C20 singly and C1/C20 doubly modified analogue structures, was screened to identify compounds with improved activity against colon and prostate cancer cells. Our study demonstrated that the growth inhibitory potency of the parent compound on both primary and metastatic colon cancer cells was similar to that of the semisynthetic products derived from SAL, and simultaneously the SAL analogues showed more potent toxic action on metastatic prostate cancer cells than that of the chemically unmodified ionophore. In contrast to the widely used oncological drug doxorubicin, some of the SAL derivatives demonstrated promising anticancer activity with no toxic effects on non-tumour cells, and with more favourable cytotoxicity than that of a reference agent 5-fluorouracil. Mechanistically, the SAL analogues induced late apoptosis in colon cancer cells and necrosis in prostate cancer cells, as well as reduced secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in these cells.
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12
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Prosser KE, Xie D, Chu A, MacNeil GA, Varju BR, Kadakia RT, Que EL, Walsby CJ. Copper(II) Pyridyl Aminophenolates: Hypoxia-Selective, Nucleus-Targeting Cytotoxins, and Magnetic Resonance Probes. Chemistry 2021; 27:9839-9849. [PMID: 33878230 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the low-oxygen (hypoxic) environments found in many tumours by using redox-active metal complexes is a strategy that can enhance efficacy and reduce the side effects of chemotherapies. We have developed a series of CuII complexes with tridentate pyridine aminophenolate-based ligands for preferential activation in the reduction window provided by hypoxic tissues. Furthermore, ligand functionalization with a pendant CF3 group provides a 19 F spectroscopic handle for magnetic-resonance studies of redox processes at the metal centre and behaviour in cellular environments. The phenol group in the ligand backbone was substituted at the para position with H, Cl, and NO2 to modulate the reduction potential of the CuII centre, giving a range of values below the window expected for hypoxic tissues. The NO2 -substituted complex, which has the highest reduction potential, showed enhanced cytotoxic selectivity towards HeLa cells grown under hypoxic conditions. Cell death occurs by apoptosis, as determined by analysis of the cell morphology. A combination of 19 F NMR and ICP-OES indicates localization of the NO2 complex in HeLa cell nuclei and increased cellular accumulation under hypoxia. This correlates with DNA nuclease activity being the likely origin of cytotoxic activity, as demonstrated by cleavage of DNA plasmids in the presence of the CuII nitro complex and a reducing agent. Selective detection of the paramagnetic CuII complexes and their diamagnetic ligands by 19 F MRI suggests hypoxia-targeting theranostic applications by redox activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Prosser
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Da Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Annica Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Gregory A MacNeil
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Bryton R Varju
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Rahul T Kadakia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Emily L Que
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Charles J Walsby
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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Wu T, Li A, Chen K, Peng X, Zhang J, Jiang M, Chen S, Zheng X, Zhou X, Jiang ZX. Perfluoro- tert-butanol: a cornerstone for high performance fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7743-7757. [PMID: 34286714 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02133h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a versatile quantification and tracking technology, 19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) provides quantitative "hot-spot" images without ionizing radiation, tissue depth limit, and background interference. However, the lack of suitable imaging agents severely hampers its clinical application. First, because the 19F signals are solely originated from imaging agents, the relatively low sensitivity of MRI technology requires high local 19F concentrations to generate images, which are often beyond the reach of many 19F MRI agents. Second, the peculiar physicochemical properties of many fluorinated compounds usually lead to low 19F signal intensity, tedious formulation, severe organ retention, etc. Therefore, the development of 19F MRI agents with high sensitivity and with suitable physicochemical and biological properties is of great importance. To this end, perfluoro-tert-butanol (PFTB), containing nine equivalent 19F and a modifiable hydroxyl group, has outperformed most perfluorocarbons as a valuable building block for high performance 19F MRI agents. Herein, we summarize the development and application of PFTB-based 19F MRI agents and analyze the strategies to improve their sensitivity and physicochemical and biological properties. In the context of PFC-based 19F MRI agents, we also discuss the challenges and prospects of PFTB-based 19F MRI agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Wu
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Anfeng Li
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Kexin Chen
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xingxing Peng
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Mou Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovative Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Shizhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovative Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xing Zheng
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovative Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Zhong-Xing Jiang
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China. and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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14
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Czerwonka D, Barcelos Y, Steverding D, Cioch A, Huczyński A, Antoszczak M. Singly and doubly modified analogues of C20-epi-salinomycin: A new group of antiparasitic agents against Trypanosoma brucei. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112900. [PMID: 33071053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyether ionophores, with >120 molecules belonging to this group, represent a class of naturally-occurring compounds that exhibit a broad range of pharmacological properties, including promising activity towards a variety of parasites. In this context, salinomycin (SAL) seems to be interesting, as this ionophore has been found to be active against parasites that are responsible for a number of human and animal diseases. On the other hand, less explored is the investigation into the anti-parasitic activity of SAL derivatives. Recently, we identified C1 amides and esters of SAL and its analogue, C20-oxosalinomycin, as promising structures for trypanocidal drug candidates. In search for novel compounds effective against African trypanosomes, the synthetic access to a completely new series of C20-epi-salinomycin (compound 2) analogues is described in this paper. This series includes products obtained via derivatisation of either the C1 carboxyl or the C20 hydroxyl of 2, but also C1/C20 double modified derivatives. The anti-trypanosomal activity as well as the cytotoxic activity of these analogues were evaluated with bloodstream forms of T. brucei and human myeloid HL-60 cells, respectively. It was found that the C20 single modified derivatives 8, 12, and 18 (C20 decanoate, C20 ethyl carbonate, and C20 allophanate of 2, respectively) were the most active compounds in selectively targeting bloodstream-form trypanosomes, with 50% growth inhibition (GI50) values of 0.027-0.043 μM and selectivity indices of 165-353. These results indicate that modification at the C20 position of C20-epi-salinomycin 2 can provide semi-synthetic products with enhanced trypanocidal activity that could be of great value for the development of new drugs to treat African trypanosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Yzobelle Barcelos
- Bob Champion Research & Education Building, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Dietmar Steverding
- Bob Champion Research & Education Building, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Aleksandra Cioch
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
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15
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Wu T, Chen K, He S, Liu X, Zheng X, Jiang ZX. Drug Development through Modification of Small Molecular Drugs with Monodisperse Poly(ethylene glycol)s. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Wu
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuangyan He
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Group of Lead Compound, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Jiang
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Sulik M, Maj E, Wietrzyk J, Huczyński A, Antoszczak M. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Dimeric Polyether Ionophores. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071039. [PMID: 32664671 PMCID: PMC7408349 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyether ionophores represent a group of natural lipid-soluble biomolecules with a broad spectrum of bioactivity, ranging from antibacterial to anticancer activity. Three seem to be particularly interesting in this context, namely lasalocid acid, monensin, and salinomycin, as they are able to selectively target cancer cells of various origin including cancer stem cells. Due to their potent biological activity and abundant availability, some research groups around the world have successfully followed semi-synthetic approaches to generate original derivatives of ionophores. However, a definitely less explored avenue is the synthesis and functional evaluation of their multivalent structures. Thus, in this paper, we describe the synthetic access to a series of original homo- and heterodimers of polyether ionophores, in which (i) two salinomycin molecules are joined through triazole linkers, or (ii) salinomycin is combined with lasalocid acid, monensin, or betulinic acid partners to form 'mixed' dimeric structures. Of note, all 11 products were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of six cancer cell lines including the doxorubicin resistant colon adenocarcinoma LoVo/DX cell line; five dimers (14-15, 17-18 and 22) were identified to be more potent than the reference agents (i.e., both parent compound(s) and commonly used cytostatic drugs) in selective targeting of various types of cancer. Dimers 16 and 21 were also found to effectively overcome the resistance of the LoVo/DX cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Sulik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53–114 Wrocław, Poland; (E.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53–114 Wrocław, Poland; (E.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-1786
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17
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Czerwonka D, Urbaniak A, Sobczak S, Piña-Oviedo S, Chambers TC, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Tertiary Amides of Salinomycin and Their C20-oxo Analogues. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:236-246. [PMID: 31702860 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The polyether ionophore salinomycin (SAL) has captured much interest because of its potent activity against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Our previous studies have indicated that C1/C20 double-modification of SAL is a useful strategy to generate diverse agents with promising biological activity profiles. Thus, herein we describe the synthesis of a new class of SAL analogues that combine key modifications at the C1 and C20 positions. The activity of the obtained SAL derivatives was evaluated using primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human breast adenocarcinoma and normal mammary epithelial cells. One single- [N,N-dipropyl amide of salinomycin (5 a)] and two novel double-modified analogues [N,N-dipropyl amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (5 b) and piperazine amide of C20-oxosalinomycin (13 b)] were found to be more potent toward the MDA-MB-231 cell line than SAL or its C20-oxo analogue 2. When select analogues were tested against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel, 4 a [N,N-diethyl amide of salinomycin] showed particular activity toward the ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3. Additionally, both SAL and 2 were found to be potent ex vivo against human ER/PR+ , Her2- invasive mammary carcinoma, with 2 showing minimal toxicity toward normal epithelial cells. The present findings highlight the therapeutic potential of SAL derivatives for select targeting of different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czerwonka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Szymon Sobczak
- Department of Materials Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sergio Piña-Oviedo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Timothy C Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Klejborowska G, Moshari M, Maj E, Majcher U, Preto J, Wietrzyk J, Tuszynski JA, Huczyński A. Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and molecular docking studies of 4‐chlorothiocolchicine analogues. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 95:182-191. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Klejborowska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland
| | - Mahshad Moshari
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Urszula Majcher
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland
| | - Jordane Preto
- Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Jack A. Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
- DIMEAS Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland
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19
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Reda A, Hosseiny S, El-Sherbiny IM. Next-generation nanotheranostics targeting cancer stem cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2487-2514. [PMID: 31490100 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is depicted as the most aggressive malignancy and is one the major causes of death worldwide. It originates from immortal tumor-initiating cells called 'cancer stem cells' (CSCs). This devastating subpopulation exhibit potent self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation characteristics. Dynamic DNA repair mechanisms can sustain the immortality phenotype of cancer to evade all treatment strategies. To date, current conventional chemo- and radio-therapeutic strategies adopted against cancer fail in tackling CSCs. However, new advances in nanotechnology have paved the way for creating next-generation nanotheranostics as multifunctional smart 'all-in-one' nanoparticles. These particles integrate diagnostic, therapeutic and targeting agents into one single biocompatible and biodegradable carrier, opening up new avenues for breakthroughs in early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer through efficient targeting of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Reda
- Nanomedicine Division, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 12578, Giza, Egypt.,Molecular & Cellular Biology division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Salma Hosseiny
- Nanomedicine Division, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Division, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 12578, Giza, Egypt
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20
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Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Salinomycin and its derivatives - A new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullets". Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:208-227. [PMID: 31103901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The history of drug development clearly shows the scale of painstaking effort leading to a finished product - a highly biologically active agent that would be at the same time no or little toxic to human organism. Moreover, the aim of modern drug discovery can move from "one-molecule one-target" concept to more promising "one-molecule multiple-targets" one, particularly in the context of effective fight against cancer and other complex diseases. Gratifyingly, natural compounds are excellent source of potential drug leads. One of such promising naturally-occurring drug candidates is a polyether ionophore - salinomycin (SAL). This compound should be identified as multi-target agent for two reasons. Firstly, SAL combines a broad spectrum of bioactivity, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and anticancer activity, with high selectivity of action, proving its significant therapeutic potential. Secondly, the multimodal mechanism of action of SAL has been shown to be related to its interactions with multiple molecular targets and signalling pathways that are synergistic for achieving a therapeutic anticancer effect. On the other hand, according to the Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept, invariably inspiring the scientists working on design of novel target-selective molecules, a very interesting direction of research is rational chemical modification of SAL. Importantly, many of SAL derivatives have been found to be more promising as chemotherapeutics than the native structure. This concise review article is focused both on the possible role of SAL and its selected analogues in future antimicrobial and/or cancer therapy, and on the potential use of SAL as a new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullet" because of its multimodal mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
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21
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Primitive Cancer Cell States: A Target for Drug Screening? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:161-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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A comprehensive review of salinomycin derivatives as potent anticancer and anti-CSCs agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:48-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Versini A, Saier L, Sindikubwabo F, Müller S, Cañeque T, Rodriguez R. Chemical biology of salinomycin. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Biological activity of doubly modified salinomycin analogs – Evaluation in vitro and ex vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:510-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Bo S, Yuan Y, Chen Y, Yang Z, Chen S, Zhou X, Jiang ZX. In vivo drug tracking with 19F MRI at therapeutic dose. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3875-3878. [PMID: 29594281 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09898g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tracking drugs with 19F MRI would be beneficial for developing theranostics and optimizing drug therapy. To this end, a fluorinated dendritic amphiphile with high 19F MRI sensitivity and biocompatibility has been developed for 19F MRI tracking of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded liposomes in mice, which may provide an effective platform to in vivo trace various drugs with 19F MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Bo
- Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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26
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Urbaniak A, Delgado M, Antoszczak M, Huczyński A, Chambers TC. Salinomycin derivatives exhibit activity against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:384-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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27
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 20-epi-amino-20-deoxysalinomycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:279-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Zhang W, Wu J, Li B, Lian X, Xia J, Zhou Q, Wu S. Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained salinomycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:353-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Antoszczak M, Maj E, Borgström B, Oredsson S, Huczyński A, Wietrzyk J, Strand D. Bivalent polyether ionophores: Synthesis and biological evaluation of C 2 -symmetric salinomycin dimers. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Salinomycin kills cancer stem cells by sequestering iron in lysosomes. Nat Chem 2017; 9:1025-1033. [PMID: 28937680 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subset of cells within tumours that exhibit self-renewal properties and the capacity to seed tumours. CSCs are typically refractory to conventional treatments and have been associated to metastasis and relapse. Salinomycin operates as a selective agent against CSCs through mechanisms that remain elusive. Here, we provide evidence that a synthetic derivative of salinomycin, which we named ironomycin (AM5), exhibits a more potent and selective activity against breast CSCs in vitro and in vivo, by accumulating and sequestering iron in lysosomes. In response to the ensuing cytoplasmic depletion of iron, cells triggered the degradation of ferritin in lysosomes, leading to further iron loading in this organelle. Iron-mediated production of reactive oxygen species promoted lysosomal membrane permeabilization, activating a cell death pathway consistent with ferroptosis. These findings reveal the prevalence of iron homeostasis in breast CSCs, pointing towards iron and iron-mediated processes as potential targets against these cells.
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32
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Synthesis and biological activity of salinomycin-hydroxamic acid conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1624-1626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Huang M, Deng Z, Tian J, Liu T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of salinomycin triazole analogues as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:900-908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Borgström B, Huang X, Hegardt C, Oredsson S, Strand D. Structure-Activity Relationships in Salinomycin: Cytotoxicity and Phenotype Selectivity of Semi-synthetic Derivatives. Chemistry 2016; 23:2077-2083. [PMID: 27740704 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The ionophore salinomycin has attracted attention for its exceptional ability to selectively reduce the proportion of cells with stem-like properties in cancer cell populations of varying origin. Targeting the tumorigenicity of such cells is of interest as they are implicated in recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Structural derivatives of salinomycin are thus sought after, both as tools for probing the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the observed phenotype effects, and for improving selectivity and activity against cancer stem cells. Synthetic strategies for modification of each of the directly accessible functional groups of salinomycin are presented and the resulting library of analogues was investigated to establish structure-activity relationships, both with respect to cytotoxicity and phenotype selectivity in breast cancer cells. 20-O-Acylated derivatives stand out by exhibiting both improved selectivity and activity. Mechanistically, the importance of the ionophore properties of salinomycin is highlighted by a significant loss of activity by modifications directly interfering with either of the two primary ion coordinating motifs in salinomycin, the C11 ketone and the C1 carboxylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Borgström
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35/37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Hegardt
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stina Oredsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35/37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden
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Li Y, Xia G, Guo Q, Wu L, Chen S, Yang Z, Wang W, Zhang ZY, Zhou X, Jiang ZX. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 19F magnetic resonance sensitive protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016; 7:1672-1680. [PMID: 27529021 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00277c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine is a highly attractive element for both medicinal chemistry and imaging technologies. To facilitate protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs)-targeted drug discovery and imaging-guided PTP research with fluorine, several highly potent and 19F MR sensitive PTP inhibitors were discovered through a structure-based focused library strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guiquan Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Shizhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; State Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Zhang W, Wu J, Li B, Xia J, Wu H, Wang L, Hao J, Zhou Q, Wu S. Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 20-epi-salinomycin and its 20-O-acyl derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08967d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
20-epi-Salinomycin and six 20-O-acylated analogs were synthesized and tested for their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100050
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology
- Institute of Zoology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100050
| | - Jie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100050
| | - Hongna Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100050
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology
- Institute of Zoology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology
- Institute of Zoology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology
- Institute of Zoology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- China
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100050
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