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Zhang W, Shrestha S, Parajuli S, Maskey BB, Park J, Yang H, Jung Y, Cho G. Tuning the charge carrier polarity of roll-to-roll gravure printed carbon nanotube-based thin film transistors by an atomic layer deposited alumina nanolayer. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3879-3886. [PMID: 37496628 PMCID: PMC10368005 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00286a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Charge carrier polarity tuning in printed thin film transistors (TFTs) is a crucial step in order to obtain complementary printed devices. In this work, we studied the effect of an Al2O3 passivation layer on printed single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based TFTs to tune the charge carrier polarity. By varying the atomic layer deposition (ALD) temperature and Al2O3 layer thickness, we can tune the doping degree of Al2O3 to tailor the polarity of printed SWCNT-based TFTs (SWCNT-TFTs). The precise control of threshold voltage (Vth) and polarity from p-type to well-balanced ambipolar, and n-type SWCNT-TFTs is successfully demonstrated with high repeatability by optimizing the ALD temperature and Al2O3 layer thickness based on 20 printed samples per test. As a proof-of-concept, inverter logic circuits using the SWCNT-TFT with different polarity types are demonstrated. The ambipolar device-based inverter exhibits a voltage gain of 3.9 and the CMOS-based inverter exhibits a gain of approximately 4.3, which is comparable to the current roll-to-roll (R2R) printed inverter circuits. Different thicknesses of Al2O3 layer, coated by the ALD at different temperatures and thicknesses, provide a deep understanding of the device fabrication and control process to implement the tailored doping method to efficiently realize R2R printed SWCNT-TFT-based complementary electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Sagar Shrestha
- Department of Intelligent Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Sajjan Parajuli
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Bijendra Bishow Maskey
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwa Park
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Younsu Jung
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoujin Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R-Printed Flexible Computer, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon-si 16419 Republic of Korea
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Li M, Fang Y, Shao S, Wang X, Chen Z, Li J, Gu W, Yang W, Xu W, Wang H, Zhao J. Fully-Solution-Processed Enhancement-Mode Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Carbon Nanotube Thin Film Transistors Based on BiI 3 -Doped Crosslinked Poly(4-Vinylphenol) Dielectrics for Ultralow-Power Flexible Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207311. [PMID: 36782084 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The threshold voltage (Vth ) adjustment of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) thin film transistors (TFTs) is one of the research hotspots due to its key role in energy consumption control of CMOS circuits. Here, ultralow-power flexible CMOS circuits based on well-matched enhancement-mode (E-mode) CMOS single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) TFTs are successfully achieved through tuning the work function of gate electrodes, electron doping, and printing techniques. E-mode P-type CMOS SWCNT TFTs with the full-solution procedure are first obtained through decreasing the work function of Ag gate electrodes directly caused by the deposition of bismuth iodide (BiI3 )-doped solid-state electrolyte dielectrics. After synthetic optimization of dielectric compositions and semiconductor printing process, the flexible printed E-mode SWCNT TFTs show the high Ion /Ioff ratios of ≈106 , small subthreshold swing (SS) of 70-85 mV dec-1 , low operating voltages of ≈0.5 to -1.5 V, good stability and excellent mechanical flexibility during 10 000 bending cycles. E-mode N-type SWCNT TFTs are then selectively achieved via printing the polarity conversion ink (2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) as electron doping agent) in P- type TFT channels. Last, printed SWCNT CMOS inverters are successfully constructed with full rail-to-rail output characteristics and the record unit static power consumption of 6.75 fW µm-1 at VDD of 0.2 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, NO.79, Yingze West Main Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, P. R. China
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiao Fang
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Shao
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofeng Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Weibing Gu
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wenming Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Wanzhen Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, NO.79, Yingze West Main Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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Shrestha S, Parajuli S, Park J, Yang H, Cho TY, Eom JH, Cho SK, Lim J, Cho G, Jung Y. Improving Stability of Roll-to-Roll (R2R) Gravure-Printed Carbon Nanotube-Based Thin Film Transistors via R2R Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor-Deposited Silicon Nitride. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13030559. [PMID: 36770520 PMCID: PMC9918980 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have an advantage in printing thin film transistors (TFTs) due to their high carrier mobility, excellent chemical stability, mechanical flexibility, and compatibility with solution-based processing. Thus, the printed SWCNT-based TFTs (pSWCNT-TFTs) showed significant technological potential such as integrated circuits, conformable sensors, and display backplanes. However, the long-term environmental stability of the pSWCNT-TFTs hinders their commercialization. Thus, to extend the stability of the pSWCNT-TFTs, such devices should be passivated with low water and oxygen permeability. Herein, we introduced the silicon nitride (SiNx) passivation method on the pSWCNT-TFTs via a combination of roll-to-roll (R2R) gravure and the roll-to-roll plasma-enhanced vapor deposition (R2R-PECVD) process at low temperature (45 °C). We found that SiNx-passivated pSWCNT-TFTs showed ± 0.50 V of threshold voltage change at room temperature for 3 days and ±1.2 V of threshold voltage change for 3 h through a Temperature Humidity Test (85/85 test: Humidity 85%/Temperature 85 °C) for both p-type and n-type pSWCNT-TFTs. In addition, we found that the SiNx-passivated p-type and n-type pSWCNT-TFT-based CMOS-like ring oscillator, or 1-bit code generator, operated well after the 85/85 test for 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Shrestha
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajjan Parajuli
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwa Park
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yeon Cho
- Thin Film Materials Research Center & Chemical Materials Solution Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Eom
- Thin Film Materials Research Center & Chemical Materials Solution Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Cho
- Thin Film Materials Research Center & Chemical Materials Solution Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Lim
- Thin Film Materials Research Center & Chemical Materials Solution Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoujin Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younsu Jung
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Research Engineering Center for R2R Printed Flexible Computer and Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si 16419, Republic of Korea
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Veerapandian S, Kim W, Kim J, Jo Y, Jung S, Jeong U. Printable inks and deformable electronic array devices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:663-681. [PMID: 35660837 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00089j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Deformable printed electronic array devices are expected to revolutionize next-generation electronics. However, although remarkable technological advances in printable inks and deformable electronic array devices have recently been achieved, technical challenges remain to commercialize these technologies. In this review article a brief introduction to printing methods highlighting significant research studies on ink formation for conductors, semiconductors, and insulators is provided, and the structural design and successful printing strategies of deformable electronic array devices are described. Successful device demonstrations are presented in the applications of passive- and active-matrix array devices. Finally, perspectives and technological challenges to be achieved are pointed out to print practically available deformable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Veerapandian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woojo Kim
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngmin Jo
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Unyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Lu S, Franklin AD. Printed carbon nanotube thin-film transistors: progress on printable materials and the path to applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23371-23390. [PMID: 33216106 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06231f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Printing technologies have attracted significant attention owing to their potential use in the low-cost manufacturing of custom or large-area flexible electronics. Among the many printable electronic materials that have been explored, semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown increasing promise based on their exceptional electrical and mechanical properties, relative stability in air, and compatibility with several printing techniques to form semiconducting thin films. These attractive attributes make printed CNT thin films promising for applications including, but not limited to, sensors and display backplanes - at the heart of which is electronics' most versatile device: the transistor. In this review, we present a summary of recent advancements in the field of printed carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (CNT-TFTs). In addition to an introduction of different printing techniques, together with their strengths and limitations, we discuss key aspects of ink/material selection and processing of various device components, including the CNT channels, contacts, and gate insulators. It is clear that printed CNT-TFTs are rapidly advancing, but there remain challenges, which are discussed along with current techniques to resolve them and future developments towards practical applications from these devices. There has been interest in low-cost, printable transistors for many years and the CNT-TFTs show great promise for delivering, but will not become a reality without further research advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiheng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Yuvaraja S, Nawaz A, Liu Q, Dubal D, Surya SG, Salama KN, Sonar P. Organic field-effect transistor-based flexible sensors. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:3423-3460. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00811j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Flexible transistors are the next generation sensing technology, due to multiparametric analysis, reduced complexity, biocompatibility, lightweight with tunable optoelectronic properties. We summarize multitude of applications realized with OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Yuvaraja
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Departamento de Física
- Universidade Federal do Paraná
- Caixa Postal 19044
- Curitiba
- Brazil
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Deepak Dubal
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Centre for Materials Science
| | - Sandeep G. Surya
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled N. Salama
- Sensors Lab
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Centre for Materials Science
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