1
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Xiong W, Peng Y, Ma W, Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu J, Tang R. Microalgae-material hybrid for enhanced photosynthetic energy conversion: a promising path towards carbon neutrality. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad200. [PMID: 37671320 PMCID: PMC10476897 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic energy conversion for high-energy chemicals generation is one of the most viable solutions in the quest for sustainable energy towards carbon neutrality. Microalgae are fascinating photosynthetic organisms, which can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy and electrical energy. However, microalgal photosynthetic energy has not yet been applied on a large scale due to the limitation of their own characteristics. Researchers have been inspired to couple microalgae with synthetic materials via biomimetic assembly and the resulting microalgae-material hybrids have become more robust and even perform new functions. In the past decade, great progress has been made in microalgae-material hybrids, such as photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation, photosynthetic hydrogen production, photoelectrochemical energy conversion and even biochemical energy conversion for biomedical therapy. The microalgae-material hybrid offers opportunities to promote artificially enhanced photosynthesis research and synchronously inspires investigation of biotic-abiotic interface manipulation. This review summarizes current construction methods of microalgae-material hybrids and highlights their implication in energy and health. Moreover, we discuss the current problems and future challenges for microalgae-material hybrids and the outlook for their development and applications. This review will provide inspiration for the rational design of the microalgae-based semi-natural biohybrid and further promote the disciplinary fusion of material science and biological science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yiyan Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Weimin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xurong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yueqi Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School & School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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2
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Li Y, Wang H, Tang L, Zhu H. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance photocurrent generation of cyanobacteria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 672:113-119. [PMID: 37348173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria can convert photons into electrons, providing ideal eco-friendly materials for converting solar energy into electricity. However, the electrons are hardly transported outside the cyanobacterial cells due to the insulation feature of the cell wall/membrane. Various nanomaterials have been reported to enhance extracellular electron transfer of heterotrophic electroactive microorganisms, but its effect on intact photosynthetic microorganisms remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of six different nanomaterials on the photocurrent generation of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Among the nanomaterials tested, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles increased the photocurrent generation of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 up to four-fold at the optimum concentration of 2 mg/mL. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that TiO2 bound to cyanobacterial cells and likely penetrated inside of cell membrane. Photochemical analyses for photosystems showed that TiO2 blocked the electrons transfer downstream in PS I, implying a possible extracellular electron pathway mediated by TiO2. This study provides an alternative approach for enhancing the photocurrent generation of cyanobacteria, showing the potential of photosynthetic-nanomaterial hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Li
- The Affiliated High School of Peking University, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lingfang Tang
- The Affiliated High School of Peking University, Beijing, 100080, China.
| | - Huawei Zhu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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3
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Zhang B, Shi S, Tang R, Qiao C, Yang M, You Z, Shao S, Wu D, Yu H, Zhang J, Cao Y, Li F, Song H. Recent advances in enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation of exoelectrogenic microorganisms. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108175. [PMID: 37187358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Exoelectrogenic microorganisms (EEMs) catalyzed the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy via extracellular electron transfer (EET) mechanisms, which underlay diverse bio-electrochemical systems (BES) applications in clean energy development, environment and health monitoring, wearable/implantable devices powering, and sustainable chemicals production, thereby attracting increasing attentions from academic and industrial communities in the recent decades. However, knowledge of EEMs is still in its infancy as only ~100 EEMs of bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes have been identified, motivating the screening and capture of new EEMs. This review presents a systematic summarization on EEM screening technologies in terms of enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation. We first generalize the distribution characteristics of known EEMs, which provide a basis for EEM screening. Then, we summarize EET mechanisms and the principles underlying various technological approaches to the enrichment, isolation, and bio-electrochemical activity of EEMs, in which a comprehensive analysis of the applicability, accuracy, and efficiency of each technology is reviewed. Finally, we provide a future perspective on EEM screening and bio-electrochemical activity evaluation by focusing on (i) novel EET mechanisms for developing the next-generation EEM screening technologies, and (ii) integration of meta-omics approaches and bioinformatics analyses to explore nonculturable EEMs. This review promotes the development of advanced technologies to capture new EEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocai Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sicheng Shi
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunxiao Qiao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Meiyi Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zixuan You
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shulin Shao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Deguang Wu
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Luban Ave, Renhuai 564507, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junqi Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingxiu Cao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Feng Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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4
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Zhu H, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li Y. Biophotovoltaics: Recent advances and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108101. [PMID: 36681132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biophotovoltaics (BPV) is a clean power generation technology that uses self-renewing photosynthetic microorganisms to capture solar energy and generate electrical current. Although the internal quantum efficiency of charge separation in photosynthetic microorganisms is very high, the inefficient electron transfer from photosystems to the extracellular electrodes hampered the electrical outputs of BPV systems. This review summarizes the approaches that have been taken to increase the electrical outputs of BPV systems in recent years. These mainly include redirecting intracellular electron transfer, broadening available photosynthetic microorganisms, reinforcing interfacial electron transfer and design high-performance devices with different configurations. Furthermore, three strategies developed to extract photosynthetic electrons were discussed. Among them, the strategy of using synthetic microbial consortia could circumvent the weak exoelectrogenic activity of photosynthetic microorganisms and the cytotoxicity of exogenous electron mediators, thus show great potential in enhancing the power output and prolonging the lifetime of BPV systems. Lastly, we prospected how to facilitate electron extraction and further improve the performance of BPV systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Haowei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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5
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An B, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Xun D, Church GM, Dai Z, Yi X, Tang TC, Zhong C. Engineered Living Materials For Sustainability. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2349-2419. [PMID: 36512650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science have given rise to a new form of materials, namely engineered living materials (ELMs), which are composed of living matter or cell communities embedded in self-regenerating matrices of their own or artificial scaffolds. Like natural materials such as bone, wood, and skin, ELMs, which possess the functional capabilities of living organisms, can grow, self-organize, and self-repair when needed. They also spontaneously perform programmed biological functions upon sensing external cues. Currently, ELMs show promise for green energy production, bioremediation, disease treatment, and fabricating advanced smart materials. This review first introduces the dynamic features of natural living systems and their potential for developing novel materials. We then summarize the recent research progress on living materials and emerging design strategies from both synthetic biology and materials science perspectives. Finally, we discuss the positive impacts of living materials on promoting sustainability and key future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin An
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanyi Wang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuzhu Liu
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongmin Xun
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - George M Church
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States
| | - Zhuojun Dai
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tzu-Chieh Tang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States
| | - Chao Zhong
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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6
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Atkinson JT, Chavez MS, Niman CM, El-Naggar MY. Living electronics: A catalogue of engineered living electronic components. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:507-533. [PMID: 36519191 PMCID: PMC9948233 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biology leverages a range of electrical phenomena to extract and store energy, control molecular reactions and enable multicellular communication. Microbes, in particular, have evolved genetically encoded machinery enabling them to utilize the abundant redox-active molecules and minerals available on Earth, which in turn drive global-scale biogeochemical cycles. Recently, the microbial machinery enabling these redox reactions have been leveraged for interfacing cells and biomolecules with electrical circuits for biotechnological applications. Synthetic biology is allowing for the use of these machinery as components of engineered living materials with tuneable electrical properties. Herein, we review the state of such living electronic components including wires, capacitors, transistors, diodes, optoelectronic components, spin filters, sensors, logic processors, bioactuators, information storage media and methods for assembling these components into living electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Atkinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marko S Chavez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christina M Niman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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7
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Chen Z, Zhang J, Lyu Q, Wang H, Ji X, Yan Z, Chen F, Dahlgren RA, Zhang M. Modular configurations of living biomaterials incorporating nano-based artificial mediators and synthetic biology to improve bioelectrocatalytic performance: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153857. [PMID: 35176368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the industrial application of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) that are incubated with natural electrochemically active microbes (EABs) is limited due to inefficient extracellular electron transfer (EET) by natural EABs. Notably, recent studies have identified several novel living biomaterials comprising highly efficient electron transfer systems allowing unparalleled proficiency of energy conversion. Introduction of these biomaterials into BESs could fundamentally increase their utilization for a wide range of applications. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of recent advancements in the design of living biomaterials that can be exploited to enhance bioelectrocatalytic performance. Further, modular configurations of abiotic and biotic components promise a powerful enhancement through integration of nano-based artificial mediators and synthetic biology. Herein, recent advancements in BESs are synthesized and assessed, including heterojunctions between conductive nanomaterials and EABs, in-situ hybrid self-assembly of EABs and nano-sized semiconductors, cytoprotection in biohybrids, synthetic biological modifications of EABs and electroactive biofilms. Since living biomaterials comprise a broad range of disciplines, such as molecular biology, electrochemistry and material sciences, full integration of technological advances applied in an interdisciplinary framework will greatly enhance/advance the utility and novelty of BESs. Overall, emerging fundamental knowledge concerning living biomaterials provides a powerful opportunity to markedly boost EET efficiency and facilitate the industrial application of BESs to meet global sustainability challenges/goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China; School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363105, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363105, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghui Wang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363105, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Ji
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, People's Republic of China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Minghua Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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8
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Buscemi G, Vona D, Stufano P, Labarile R, Cosma P, Agostiano A, Trotta M, Farinola GM, Grattieri M. Bio-Inspired Redox-Adhesive Polydopamine Matrix for Intact Bacteria Biohybrid Photoanodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:26631-26641. [PMID: 35639658 PMCID: PMC9204692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Interfacing intact and metabolically active photosynthetic bacteria with abiotic electrodes requires both establishing extracellular electron transfer and immobilizing the biocatalyst on electrode surfaces. Artificial approaches for photoinduced electron harvesting through redox polymers reported in literature require the separate synthesis of artificial polymeric matrices and their subsequent combination with bacterial cells, making the development of biophotoanodes complex and less sustainable. Herein, we report a one-pot biocompatible and sustainable approach, inspired by the byssus of mussels, that provides bacterial cells adhesion on multiple surfaces under wet conditions to obtain biohybrid photoanodes with facilitated photoinduced electron harvesting. Purple bacteria were utilized as a model organism, as they are of great interest for the development of photobioelectrochemical systems for H2 and NH3 synthesis, biosensing, and bioremediation purposes. The polydopamine matrix preparation strategy allowed the entrapment of active purple bacteria cells by initial oxygenic polymerization followed by electrochemical polymerization. Our results unveil that the deposition of bacterial cells with simultaneous polymerization of polydopamine on the electrode surface enables a 5-fold enhancement in extracellular electron transfer at the biotic/abiotic interface while maintaining the viability of the cells. The presented approach paves the way for a more sustainable development of biohybrid photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Buscemi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Danilo Vona
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Paolo Stufano
- CNR-NANOTEC,
Institute of Nanotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Rossella Labarile
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Pinalysa Cosma
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Angela Agostiano
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Massimo Trotta
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Gianluca M. Farinola
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
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9
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Graham AJ, Gibbs SL, Saez Cabezas CA, Wang Y, Green AM, Milliron DJ, Keitz BK. In Situ
Optical Quantification of Extracellular Electron Transfer Using Plasmonic Metal Oxide Nanocrystals**. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Graham
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
- Center for the Dynamics and Control of Materials University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Stephen L. Gibbs
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Camila A. Saez Cabezas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
- Center for the Dynamics and Control of Materials University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Yongdan Wang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Allison M. Green
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
- Center for the Dynamics and Control of Materials University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Delia J. Milliron
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
- Center for the Dynamics and Control of Materials University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
| | - Benjamin K. Keitz
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
- Center for the Dynamics and Control of Materials University of Texas at Austin TX, 78712 Austin United States
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10
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Kuruvinashetti K, Rahimi S, Pakkiriswami S, Packirisamy M. Simple, Economical Methods for the Culture of Green Algae for Energy Harvesting from Photosynthesis in a Microfluidic Environment. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e322. [PMID: 34898042 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing technological advancements continually increase the demand for energy. Among various types of energy harvesting systems, biologically based systems have been an area of increasing interest for the past couple of decades. Such systems provide clean, safe power solutions, mainly for low- and ultra-low-power applications. The microphotosynthetic power cell (μPSC) is one such system that make use of photosynthetic living cells or organisms to generate power. For strong performance, μPSC technology, because of its interdisciplinary nature, requires optimal engineering of both electrochemical cell design and the culture conditions of the photosynthetic microorganisms. We present here a simple, economical culture method for the photosynthetic microorganism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii suitable for the application of this biologically based power system in any geographical location. This article provides a series of protocols for preparing materials and culture medium designed to facilitate the culture of a suitable C. reinhardtii strain even in a non-biological laboratory. Possible challenges and methods to overcome them are also discussed. Cultured C. reinhardtii perform sufficiently well that they have already been successfully utilized to generate power from a μPSC, generating a peak power of 200 μW from just 2 ml of exponential-phase algal culture in a μPSC with an active electrode surface area of 4.84 cm2 . The μPSC thus has potentially broad applications in low- and ultra-low-power devices and sensors. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Algal growth conditions and algal growth chamber fabrication Basic Protocol 2: Preparation of Tris-acetate-phosphate (TAP) nutrient medium Basic Protocol 3: Preparation of suspension algal culture from algal strain Basic Protocol 4: Preparation of stock culture plates (algal strain) from suspension algal culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kuruvinashetti
- Optical Bio-Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Soroush Rahimi
- Optical Bio-Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shanmugasundaram Pakkiriswami
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick (DMNB), Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Muthukumaran Packirisamy
- Optical Bio-Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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The periodic table of photosynthetic purple non-sulfur bacteria: intact cell-metal ions interactions. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 21:101-111. [PMID: 34748197 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNB) have been widely utilized as model organisms to study bacterial photosynthesis. More recently, the remarkable resistance of these microorganisms to several metals ions called particular interest. As a result, several research efforts were directed toward clarifying the interactions of metal ions with PNB. The mechanisms of metal ions active uptake and bioabsorption have been studied in detail, unveiling that PNB enable harvesting and removing various toxic ions, thus fostering applications in environmental remediation. Herein, we present the most important achievements in the understanding of intact cell-metal ions interactions and the approaches utilized to study such processes. Following, the application of PNB-metal ions interactions toward metal removal from contaminated environments is presented. Finally, the possible coupling of PNB with abiotic electrodes to obtain biohybrid electrochemical systems is proposed as a sustainable pathway to tune and enhance metal removal and monitoring.
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12
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Piper SEH, Edwards MJ, van Wonderen JH, Casadevall C, Martel A, Jeuken LJC, Reisner E, Clarke TA, Butt JN. Bespoke Biomolecular Wires for Transmembrane Electron Transfer: Spontaneous Assembly of a Functionalized Multiheme Electron Conduit. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:714508. [PMID: 34484155 PMCID: PMC8415449 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.714508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis exchanges electrons between cellular metabolism and external redox partners in a process that attracts much attention for production of green electricity (microbial fuel cells) and chemicals (microbial electrosynthesis). A critical component of this pathway is the outer membrane spanning MTR complex, a biomolecular wire formed of the MtrA, MtrB, and MtrC proteins. MtrA and MtrC are decaheme cytochromes that form a chain of close-packed hemes to define an electron transfer pathway of 185 Å. MtrA is wrapped inside MtrB for solubility across the outer membrane lipid bilayer; MtrC sits outside the cell for electron exchange with external redox partners. Here, we demonstrate tight and spontaneous in vitro association of MtrAB with separately purified MtrC. The resulting complex is comparable with the MTR complex naturally assembled by Shewanella in terms of both its structure and rates of electron transfer across a lipid bilayer. Our findings reveal the potential for building bespoke electron conduits where MtrAB combines with chemically modified MtrC, in this case, labeled with a Ru-dye that enables light-triggered electron injection into the MtrC heme chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E H Piper
- School of Chemistry and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus J Edwards
- School of Chemistry and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica H van Wonderen
- School of Chemistry and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lars J C Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Clarke
- School of Chemistry and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Julea N Butt
- School of Chemistry and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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13
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Jahnke K, Ritzmann N, Fichtler J, Nitschke A, Dreher Y, Abele T, Hofhaus G, Platzman I, Schröder RR, Müller DJ, Spatz JP, Göpfrich K. Proton gradients from light-harvesting E. coli control DNA assemblies for synthetic cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3967. [PMID: 34172734 PMCID: PMC8233306 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bottom-up and top-down approaches to synthetic biology each employ distinct methodologies with the common aim to harness living systems. Here, we realize a strategic merger of both approaches to convert light into proton gradients for the actuation of synthetic cellular systems. We genetically engineer E. coli to overexpress the light-driven inward-directed proton pump xenorhodopsin and encapsulate them in artificial cell-sized compartments. Exposing the compartments to light-dark cycles, we reversibly switch the pH by almost one pH unit and employ these pH gradients to trigger the attachment of DNA structures to the compartment periphery. For this purpose, a DNA triplex motif serves as a nanomechanical switch responding to the pH-trigger of the E. coli. When DNA origami plates are modified with the pH-sensitive triplex motif, the proton-pumping E. coli can trigger their attachment to giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs) upon illumination. A DNA cortex is formed upon DNA origami polymerization, which sculpts and deforms the GUVs. We foresee that the combination of bottom-up and top down approaches is an efficient way to engineer synthetic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jahnke
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Noah Ritzmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julius Fichtler
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Nitschke
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yannik Dreher
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Abele
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Götz Hofhaus
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilia Platzman
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Cellular Biophysics, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering (IMSE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel J. Müller
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joachim P. Spatz
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Cellular Biophysics, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering (IMSE), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck School Matter to Life, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Göpfrich
- grid.414703.50000 0001 2202 0959Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Gaffney EM, Simoska O, Minteer SD. The Use of Electroactive Halophilic Bacteria for Improvements and Advancements in Environmental High Saline Biosensing. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11020048. [PMID: 33673343 PMCID: PMC7917972 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Halophilic bacteria are remarkable organisms that have evolved strategies to survive in high saline concentrations. These bacteria offer many advances for microbial-based biotechnologies and are commonly used for industrial processes such as compatible solute synthesis, biofuel production, and other microbial processes that occur in high saline environments. Using halophilic bacteria in electrochemical systems offers enhanced stability and applications in extreme environments where common electroactive microorganisms would not survive. Incorporating halophilic bacteria into microbial fuel cells has become of particular interest for renewable energy generation and self-powered biosensing since many wastewaters can contain fluctuating and high saline concentrations. In this perspective, we highlight the evolutionary mechanisms of halophilic microorganisms, review their application in microbial electrochemical sensing, and offer future perspectives and directions in using halophilic electroactive microorganisms for high saline biosensing.
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15
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Weliwatte NS, Grattieri M, Minteer SD. Rational design of artificial redox-mediating systems toward upgrading photobioelectrocatalysis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1333-1356. [PMID: 34550560 PMCID: PMC8455808 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photobioelectrocatalysis has recently attracted particular research interest owing to the possibility to achieve sunlight-driven biosynthesis, biosensing, power generation, and other niche applications. However, physiological incompatibilities between biohybrid components lead to poor electrical contact at the biotic-biotic and biotic-abiotic interfaces. Establishing an electrochemical communication between these different interfaces, particularly the biocatalyst-electrode interface, is critical for the performance of the photobioelectrocatalytic system. While different artificial redox mediating approaches spanning across interdisciplinary research fields have been developed in order to electrically wire biohybrid components during bioelectrocatalysis, a systematic understanding on physicochemical modulation of artificial redox mediators is further required. Herein, we review and discuss the use of diffusible redox mediators and redox polymer-based approaches in artificial redox-mediating systems, with a focus on photobioelectrocatalysis. The future possibilities of artificial redox mediator system designs are also discussed within the purview of present needs and existing research breadth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Dipartimento Di Chimica, Università Degli Studi Di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy ,IPCF-CNR Istituto Per I Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
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16
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Lee M, Woo HM. A Logic NAND Gate for Controlling Gene Expression in a Circadian Rhythm in Cyanobacteria. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:3210-3216. [PMID: 33263998 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To enable circadian control of gene expression in cyanobacteria, we constructed a genetic logic gate (NAND) using orthogonal promoters via modular CRISPR interference. The NAND gates were tested in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 using a fluorescent reporter. The NAND gate dynamics were characterized based on the affinity of the dCas9 complex to the output element. Upon connecting tight gene repressions with the circadian promoter (the purF gene; peak expression at dawn), inversed peak expressions were obtained as an output of the NAND gate although the retroactivities were shown in the ON and OFF states. A dark-responsive genetic element of the NAND gate was also expanded to an AND gate in S. elongatus PCC 7942. These cyanobacterial NAND and AND gates could facilitate the control of gene expressions in dynamic metabolic engineering technologies, thereby enabling the cyanobacteria to serve as biosolar cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Min Woo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- BioFoundry Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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17
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Zhou X, Lv F, Huang Y, Liu L, Wang S. Biohybrid Conjugated Polymer Materials for Augmenting Energy Conversion of Bioelectrochemical Systems. Chemistry 2020; 26:15065-15073. [PMID: 32428308 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) provide favorable opportunities for the sustainable conversion of energy from biological metabolism. Biological photovoltaics (BPVs) and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) respectively realize the conversion of renewable solar energy and bioenergy into electrical energy by utilizing electroactive biological extracellular electron transfer, however, along with this energy conversion progress, relatively poor durability and low output performance are challenges as well as opportunities. Advances in improving bio-electrode interface compatibility will help to solve the problem of insufficient performance and further have a far-reaching impact on the development of bioelectronics. Conjugated polymers (CPs) with specific optical and electrical properties (absorption and emission spectra, energy band structure and electrical conductivity) afforded by π-conjugated backbones are conducive to enhancing the electron generation and output capacity of electroactive organisms. Furthermore, the water solubility, functionality, biocompatibility and mechanical properties optimized through appropriate modification of side chain provide a more adaptive contact interface between biomaterials and electrodes. In this minireview, we summarize the prominent contributions of CPs in the aspect of augmenting the photovoltaic response of BPVs and power supply of MFCs, and specifically discussed the role of CPs with expectation to provide inspirations for the design of bioelectronic devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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18
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Srubar WV. Engineered Living Materials: Taxonomies and Emerging Trends. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:574-583. [PMID: 33234328 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
At the intersection of synthetic biology and materials science, the field of engineered living materials (ELMs) has evolved into a new, standalone discipline. The fusion of bioengineering's design-build-test-learn approaches with classical materials science has yielded breakthrough innovations in the synthesis of complex, biologically active materials for functional applications in therapeutics, electronics, construction, and beyond. However, the transdisciplinary nature of the ELM field - and its rapid growth - has made holistic comprehension of achievements related to the tools, techniques, and applications of ELMs difficult across disciplines. To this end, this review proposes an emergent taxonomy of ELM research and uses the categorization to discuss current trends and state-of-the-art advancements, significant opportunities, and imminent challenges for scientists and engineers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wil V Srubar
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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19
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Schmitt FJ, Frielingsdorf S, Friedrich T, Budisa N. Courses Based on iGEM/BIOMOD Competitions Are the Ideal Format for Research-Based Learning of Xenobiology. Chembiochem 2020; 22:818-825. [PMID: 33191631 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic biology and especially xenobiology, as emerging new fields of science, have reached an intellectual and experimental maturity that makes them suitable for integration into the university curricula of chemical and biological disciplines. Novel scientific fields that include laboratory work are perfect playgrounds for developing highly motivating research-based teaching modules. We believe that research-based learning enriched by digital tools is the best approach for teaching new emerging essentials of academic education. This is especially true when the scientific field as such is still not canonized with text books and best-practice examples. Our experience shows that iGEM/BIOMOD competitions represent an excellent basis for designing research-based courses in xenobiology. Therefore, we present a report on "iGEM-Synthetic Biology" offered at the Technische Universität Berlin as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz-Josef Schmitt
- Department of Physics, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Frielingsdorf
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nediljko Budisa
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.,Chair of Chemical Synthetic Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 144 Dysart Road, 360 Parker Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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20
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Grattieri M, Beaver K, Gaffney EM, Dong F, Minteer SD. Advancing the fundamental understanding and practical applications of photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8553-8568. [PMID: 32578607 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02672g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photo-bioelectrocatalysis combines the natural and highly sophisticated process of photosynthesis in biological entities with an abiotic electrode surface, to perform semi-artificial photosynthesis. However, challenges must be overcome, from the establishment and understanding of the photoexcited electron harvesting process at the electrode to the electrochemical characterization of these biotic/abiotic systems, and their subsequent tuning for enhancing energy generation (chemical and/or electrical). This Feature Article discusses the various approaches utilized to tackle these challenges, particularly focusing on powerful multi-disciplinary approaches for understanding and improving photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Among them is the combination of experimental evidence and quantum mechanical calculations, the use of bioinformatics to understand photo-bioelectrocatalysis at a metabolic level, or bioengineering to improve and facilitate photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Key aspects for the future development of photo-bioelectrocatalysis are presented alongside future research needs and promising applications of semi-artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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21
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Su L, Fukushima T, Ajo-Franklin CM. A hybrid cyt c maturation system enhances the bioelectrical performance of engineered Escherichia coli by improving the rate-limiting step. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112312. [PMID: 32729471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectronic devices can use electron flux to enable communication between biotic components and abiotic electrodes. We have modified Escherichia coli to electrically interact with electrodes by expressing the cytochrome c from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. However, we observe inefficient electrical performance, which we hypothesize is due to the limited compatibility of the E. coli cytochrome c maturation (Ccm) systems with MR-1 cytochrome c. Here we test whether the bioelectronic performance of E. coli can be improved by constructing hybrid Ccm systems containing protein domains from both E. coli and S. oneidensis MR-1. The hybrid CcmH increased cytochrome c expression by increasing the abundance of CymA 60%, while only slightly changing the abundance of the other cytochromes c. Electrochemical measurements showed that the overall current from the hybrid ccm strain increased 121% relative to the wildtype ccm strain, with an electron flux per cell of 12.3 ± 0.3 fA·cell-1. Additionally, the hybrid ccm strain doubled its electrical response with the addition of exogenous flavin, and quantitative analysis of this demonstrates CymA is the rate-limiting step in this electron conduit. These results demonstrate that this hybrid Ccm system can enhance the bioelectrical performance of the cyt c expressing E. coli, allowing the construction of more efficient bioelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Tatsuya Fukushima
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Caroline M Ajo-Franklin
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Institute for Biosciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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22
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Microbial electrosynthesis from CO2: forever a promise? Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 62:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Thirumurthy MA, Jones AK. Geobacter cytochrome OmcZs binds riboflavin: implications for extracellular electron transfer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:124001. [PMID: 31791015 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5de6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens is an important model organism for understanding extracellular electron transfer (EET), i.e. transfer of electrons from the cell's interior (quinone pool) to an extracellular substrate. This exoelectrogenic functionality can be exploited in bioelectrochemical applications. Nonetheless, key questions remain regarding the mechanisms of this functionality. G. sulfurreducens has been hypothesized to employ both multi-heme cytochromes and soluble, small molecule redox shuttles, as the final, redox-active species in EET. However, interactions between flavin redox shuttles and outer membrane, redox proteins in Geobacter have not been demonstrated. Herein, the heterologous expression and purification from E. coli of a soluble form of the multi-heme cytochrome OmcZs from G. sulfurreducens is reported. UV-vis absorption assays show that riboflavin can be reduced by OmcZs with concomitant oxidation of the protein. Fluorescence assays show that oxidized OmcZs and riboflavin interact with a binding constant of 34 μM. Furthermore, expression of OmcZs in E. coli enables EET in the host, and the current produced by these E. coli in a bioelectrochemical cell increases when riboflavin is introduced. These results support the hypothesis that OmcZs functions in EET by transiently binding riboflavin, which shuttles electrons from the outer membrane to the extracellular substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki A Thirumurthy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
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24
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Abstract
Dramatic changes in electricity generation, use and storage are needed to keep pace with increasing demand while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. There is great potential for application of bioengineering in this area. We have the tools to re-engineer biological molecules and systems, and a significant amount of research and development is being carried out on technologies such as biophotovoltaics, biocapacitors, biofuel cells and biobatteries. However, there does not seem to be a satisfactory overarching term to describe this area, and I propose a new word-'electrosynbionics'. This is to be defined as: the creation of engineered devices that use components derived from or inspired by biology to perform a useful electrical function. Here, the phrase 'electrical function' is taken to mean the generation, use and storage of electricity, where the primary charge carriers may be either electrons or ions. 'Electrosynbionics' is distinct from 'bioelectronics', which normally relates to applications in sensing, computing or electroceuticals. Electrosynbionic devices have the potential to solve challenges in electricity generation, use and storage by exploiting or mimicking some of the desirable attributes of biological systems, including high efficiency, benign operating conditions and intricate molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Dunn
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, Scotland, United Kingdom
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25
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Gaffney EM, Grattieri M, Beaver K, Pham J, McCartney C, Minteer SD. Unveiling salinity effects on photo-bioelectrocatalysis through combination of bioinformatics and electrochemistry. Electrochim Acta 2020; 337. [PMID: 32308212 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the adaptation strategies utilized by photosynthetic microorganisms to cope with salinity changes happening in the environment, and the effects on microbial electrochemical technologies. Herein, bioinformatics analysis revealed a metabolism shift in Rhodobacter capsulatus resulting from salt stress, with changes in gene expression allowing accumulation of compatible solutes to balance osmotic pressure, together with the up-regulation of the nitrogen fixation cycle, an electron sink of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain. Using the transcriptome evidence of hindered electron transfer in the photosynthetic electron transport chain induced by adaption to salinity, increased understanding of photo-bioelectrocatalysis under salt stress is achieved. Accumulation of glycine-betaine allows immediate tuning of salinity tolerance but does not provide cell stabilization, with a 40 ± 20% loss of photo-bioelectrocatalysis in a 60 min time scale. Conversely, exposure to or inducing the expression of the Rhodobacter capsulatus gene transfer agent tunes salinity tolerance and increases cell stability. This work provides a proof of concept for the combination of bioinformatics and electrochemical tools to investigate microbial electrochemical systems, opening exciting future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Gaffney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA
| | - Jennie Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA
| | - Caitlin McCartney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA.,Departments of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street Box H, Providence, 02912, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Room 2020, Salt Lake City, 84112, Utah, USA
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26
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Grattieri M, Patterson S, Copeland J, Klunder K, Minteer SD. Purple Bacteria and 3D Redox Hydrogels for Bioinspired Photo-bioelectrocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:230-237. [PMID: 31600418 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201902116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge for the implementation of intact bacterial cells in photo-bioelectrochemical systems remains the hindered extracellular electron transfer. This study focuses on purple bacteria, photosynthetic microorganisms particularly interesting for the development of bioelectrochemical systems because of their versatile metabolisms. Although soluble monomeric redox mediators have been proven as effective systems for electron transfer mediation, their application in the field is not preferable owing to their toxicity and unwanted release into the environment. An abiotic/biotic photoanode is reported in which a bioinspired redox mediating system is implemented in a 3D geometry allowing to "electrically wire" intact bacterial cells. The 3D photoanode decreased the overpotential required for harvesting photoexcited electrons, operating at +0.073 V versus the saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Accordingly, the overpotential was significantly reduced compared with a pioneering Os-redox polymer reported in literature, which required operation at +0.303 V versus SCE. These results provide the basis for further development of bio-photoanodes for light-powered biosensing and power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Grattieri
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sarai Patterson
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jeffrey Copeland
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Kevin Klunder
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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27
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Grattieri M. Purple bacteria photo-bioelectrochemistry: enthralling challenges and opportunities. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:424-435. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perspective of research directions exploring purple bacteria photo-bioelectrochemistry: from harvesting photoexcited electrons to bioelectrochemical systems development.
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28
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Strategies for improving the electroactivity and specific metabolic functionality of microorganisms for various microbial electrochemical technologies. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 39:107468. [PMID: 31707076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive microorganisms, which possess extracellular electron transfer (EET) capabilities, are the basis of microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) such as microbial fuel and electrolysis cells. These are considered for several applications ranging from the energy-efficient treatment of waste streams to the production of value-added chemicals and fuels, bioremediation, and biosensing. Various aspects related to the microorganisms, electrodes, separators, reactor design, and operational or process parameters influence the overall functioning of METs. The most fundamental and critical performance-determining factor is, however, the microorganism-electrode interactions. Modification of the electrode surfaces and microorganisms for optimizing their interactions has therefore been the major MET research focus area over the last decade. In the case of microorganisms, primarily their EET mechanisms and efficiencies along with the biofilm formation capabilities, collectively considered as microbial electroactivity, affect their interactions with the electrodes. In addition to electroactivity, the specific metabolic or biochemical functionality of microorganisms is equally crucial to the target MET application. In this article, we present the major strategies that are used to enhance the electroactivity and specific functionality of microorganisms pertaining to both anodic and cathodic processes of METs. These include simple physical methods based on the use of heat and magnetic field along with chemical, electrochemical, and growth media amendment approaches to the complex procedure-based microbial bioaugmentation, co-culture, and cell immobilization or entrapment, and advanced toolkit-based biofilm engineering, genetic modifications, and synthetic biology strategies. We further discuss the applicability and limitations of these strategies and possible future research directions for advancing the highly promising microbial electrochemistry-driven biotechnology.
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29
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Wu B, Atkinson JT, Kahanda D, Bennett GN, Silberg JJ. Combinatorial design of chemical‐dependent protein switches for controlling intracellular electron transfer. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Wu
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology Graduate Program Rice University Houston Texas
- Department of Biosciences Rice University Houston Texas
| | - Joshua T. Atkinson
- Department of Biosciences Rice University Houston Texas
- Systems, Synthetic, & Physical Biology Graduate Program Rice University Houston Texas
| | | | - George N. Bennett
- Department of Biosciences Rice University Houston Texas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston Texas
| | - Jonathan J. Silberg
- Department of Biosciences Rice University Houston Texas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston Texas
- Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston Texas
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30
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Development of a longevous two-species biophotovoltaics with constrained electron flow. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4282. [PMID: 31537786 PMCID: PMC6753107 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biophotovoltaics (BPV) offers a biological solution for renewable energy production by using photosynthetic microorganisms as light absorbers. Although abiotic engineering approaches, e.g., electrode modification and device optimization, can enhance the electrochemical communication between living cells and electrodes, the power densities of BPV are still low due to the weak exoelectrogenic activity of photosynthetic microorganisms. Here, we develop a BPV based on a D-lactate mediated microbial consortium consisting of photosynthetic cyanobacteria and exoelectrogenic Shewanella. By directing solar energy from photons to D-lactate, then to electricity, this BPV generates a power density of over 150 mW·m-2 in a temporal separation setup. Furthermore, a spatial-temporal separation setup with medium replenishment enables stable operation for over 40 days with an average power density of 135 mW·m-2. These results demonstrate the electron flow constrained microbial consortium can facilitate electron export from photosynthetic cells and achieve an efficient and durable power output.
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31
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Antonacci A, Scognamiglio V. Photosynthesis-based hybrid nanostructures: Electrochemical sensors and photovoltaic cells as case studies. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Chellamuthu P, Naughton K, Pirbadian S, Silva KPT, Chavez MS, El-Naggar MY, Boedicker J. Biogenic Control of Manganese Doping in Zinc Sulfide Nanomaterial Using Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:938. [PMID: 31134005 PMCID: PMC6514046 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria naturally alter the redox state of many compounds and perform atom-by-atom nanomaterial synthesis to create many inorganic materials. Recent advancements in synthetic biology have spurred interest in using biological systems to manufacture nanomaterials, implementing biological strategies to specify the nanomaterial characteristics such as size, shape, and optical properties. Here, we combine the natural synthetic capabilities of microbes with engineered genetic control circuits toward biogenically synthesized semiconductor nanomaterials. Using an engineered strain of Shewanella oneindensis with inducible expression of the cytochrome complex MtrCAB, we control the reduction of manganese (IV) oxide. Cytochrome expression levels were regulated using an inducer molecule, which enabled precise modulation of dopant incorporation into manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles (Mn:ZnS). Thereby, a synthetic gene circuit controlled the optical properties of biogenic quantum dots. These biogenically assembled nanomaterials have similar physical and optoelectronic properties to chemically synthesized particles. Our results demonstrate the promise of implementing synthetic gene circuits for tunable control of nanomaterials made by biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithiviraj Chellamuthu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kyle Naughton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sahand Pirbadian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kalinga Pavan T. Silva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marko S. Chavez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mohamed Y. El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James Boedicker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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33
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Tschörtner J, Lai B, Krömer JO. Biophotovoltaics: Green Power Generation From Sunlight and Water. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:866. [PMID: 31114551 PMCID: PMC6503001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophotovoltaics is a relatively new discipline in microbial fuel cell research. The basic idea is the conversion of light energy into electrical energy using photosynthetic microorganisms. The microbes will use their photosynthetic apparatus and the incoming light to split the water molecule. The generated protons and electrons are harvested using a bioelectrochemical system. The key challenge is the extraction of electrons from the microbial electron transport chains into a solid-state anode. On the cathode, a corresponding electrochemical counter reaction will consume the protons and electrons, e.g., through the oxygen reduction to water, or hydrogen formation. In this review, we are aiming to summarize the current state of the art and point out some limitations. We put a specific emphasis on cyanobacteria, as these microbes are considered future workhorses for photobiotechnology and are currently the most widely applied microbes in biophotovoltaics research. Current progress in biophotovoltaics is limited by very low current outputs of the devices while a lack of comparability and standardization of the experimental set-up hinders a systematic optimization of the systems. Nevertheless, the fundamental questions of redox homeostasis in photoautotrophs and the potential to directly harvest light energy from a highly efficient photosystem, rather than through oxidation of inefficiently produced biomass are highly relevant aspects of biophotovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jens O. Krömer
- Systems Biotechnology, Department of Solar Materials, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
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34
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Chellamuthu P, Tran F, Silva KPT, Chavez MS, El-Naggar MY, Boedicker JQ. Engineering bacteria for biogenic synthesis of chalcogenide nanomaterials. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 12:161-172. [PMID: 30369058 PMCID: PMC6302716 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes naturally build nanoscale structures, including structures assembled from inorganic materials. Here, we combine the natural capabilities of microbes with engineered genetic control circuits to demonstrate the ability to control biological synthesis of chalcogenide nanomaterials in a heterologous host. We transferred reductase genes from both Shewanella sp. ANA-3 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium into a heterologous host (Escherichia coli) and examined the mechanisms that regulate the properties of biogenic nanomaterials. Expression of arsenate reductase genes and thiosulfate reductase genes in E. coli resulted in the synthesis of arsenic sulfide nanomaterials. In addition to processing the starting materials via redox enzymes, cellular components also nucleated the formation of arsenic sulfide nanomaterials. The shape of the nanomaterial was influenced by the bacterial culture, with the synthetic E. coli strain producing nanospheres and conditioned media or cultures of wild-type Shewanella sp. producing nanofibres. The diameter of these nanofibres also depended on the biological context of synthesis. These results demonstrate the potential for biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials with controlled properties by combining the natural capabilities of wild microbes with the tools from synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithiviraj Chellamuthu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frances Tran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kalinga Pavan T Silva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marko S Chavez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James Q Boedicker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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35
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van Wonderen JH, Li D, Piper SEH, Lau CY, Jenner LP, Hall CR, Clarke TA, Watmough NJ, Butt JN. Photosensitised Multiheme Cytochromes as Light-Driven Molecular Wires and Resistors. Chembiochem 2018; 19:2206-2215. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica H. van Wonderen
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Daobo Li
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
- Present address: Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230026 China
- Present address: Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Samuel E. H. Piper
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Cheuk Y. Lau
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Leon P. Jenner
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Christopher R. Hall
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
- Present address: ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science; School of Chemistry; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Thomas A. Clarke
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Nicholas J. Watmough
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Julea N. Butt
- School of Chemistry and School of Biology; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norfolk NR4 7TJ UK
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36
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Li F, Li YX, Cao YX, Wang L, Liu CG, Shi L, Song H. Modular engineering to increase intracellular NAD(H/ +) promotes rate of extracellular electron transfer of Shewanella oneidensis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3637. [PMID: 30194293 PMCID: PMC6128845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The slow rate of extracellular electron transfer (EET) of electroactive microorganisms remains a primary bottleneck that restricts the practical applications of bioelectrochemical systems. Intracellular NAD(H/+) (i.e., the total level of NADH and NAD+) is a crucial source of the intracellular electron pool from which intracellular electrons are transferred to extracellular electron acceptors via EET pathways. However, how the total level of intracellular NAD(H/+) impacts the EET rate in Shewanella oneidensis has not been established. Here, we use a modular synthetic biology strategy to redirect metabolic flux towards NAD+ biosynthesis via three modules: de novo, salvage, and universal biosynthesis modules in S. oneidensis MR-1. The results demonstrate that an increase in intracellular NAD(H/+) results in the transfer of more electrons from the increased oxidation of the electron donor to the EET pathways of S. oneidensis, thereby enhancing intracellular electron flux and the EET rate. A bottleneck for the application of bioelectrochemical systems is the slow rate of extracellular electron transfer. Here the authors use a synthetic biology approach to redirect metabolic flux to NAD+ biosynthesis, which enhances the intracellular electron flux and the extracellular electron transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Yuan-Xiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Ying-Xiu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience in Wuhan, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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37
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Lebedev N, Yates MD, Griva I, Tender LM. Internal Redox Polarity of an Individual G. sulfurreducens Bacterial Cell Attached to an Inorganic Substrate. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1820-1829. [PMID: 29873443 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cell polarity is an internal asymmetric distribution of subcellular components, including proteins, lipids, and other molecules that correlates with the cell ability to sense energy and metabolite sources, chemical signals, quorum signals, toxins, and movement in the desired directions. This ability also plays central role in cell attachment to various surfaces and biofilm formation. Mechanisms and factors controlling formation of this cell internal asymmetry are not completely understood. As a step in this direction, in the present work, we develop an approach for analyzing how information about inorganic substrate can be non-genetically coded inside an individual bacterial cell. As a model system, we use G. sulfurreducens cells attached to an inorganic mineral, mica. The approach utilizes confocal Raman microscopy, Gaussian deconvolution, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and allows for quick label-free identification of the molecular signature of cytochrome intracellular location and the cell to substrate binding down to the level of individual bacterial cells. Our results describe a spectroscopic signature of cell adhesion and how the information about cell adhesion can be coded inside individual bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Igor Griva
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Center of Simulation and Modeling, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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38
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Saper G, Kallmann D, Conzuelo F, Zhao F, Tóth TN, Liveanu V, Meir S, Szymanski J, Aharoni A, Schuhmann W, Rothschild A, Schuster G, Adir N. Live cyanobacteria produce photocurrent and hydrogen using both the respiratory and photosynthetic systems. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2168. [PMID: 29867170 PMCID: PMC5986869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms perform solar energy conversion of water and CO2 to O2 and sugar at a broad range of wavelengths and light intensities. These cells also metabolize sugars using a respiratory system that functionally overlaps the photosynthetic apparatus. In this study, we describe the harvesting of photocurrent used for hydrogen production from live cyanobacteria. A non-harmful gentle physical treatment of the cyanobacterial cells enables light-driven electron transfer by an endogenous mediator to a graphite electrode in a bio-photoelectrochemical cell, without the addition of sacrificial electron donors or acceptors. We show that the photocurrent is derived from photosystem I and that the electrons originate from carbohydrates digested by the respiratory system. Finally, the current is utilized for hydrogen evolution on the cathode at a bias of 0.65 V. Taken together, we present a bio-photoelectrochemical system where live cyanobacteria produce stable photocurrent that can generate hydrogen. Biologically ### produced electrical currents and hydrogen are new energy sources. Here, the authors find that low presser microfluidizer treatment produced cyanobacterium that can utilize electrons from respiratory and photosynthesis to promote current and hydrogen generation, without the addition of exogenous electron mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadiel Saper
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dan Kallmann
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Felipe Conzuelo
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Fangyuan Zhao
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tünde N Tóth
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel.,Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Varda Liveanu
- Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sagit Meir
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jedrzej Szymanski
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Research (IPK), Network Analysis and Modelling, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Avner Rothschild
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gadi Schuster
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel. .,Faculty of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Noam Adir
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel. .,Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
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39
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Sunlight photocurrent generation from thylakoid membranes on gold nanoparticle modified screen-printed electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Shewanella oneidensis as a living electrode for controlled radical polymerization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:4559-4564. [PMID: 29666254 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800869115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic engineering has facilitated the production of pharmaceuticals, fuels, and soft materials but is generally limited to optimizing well-defined metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that the reaction space available to metabolic engineering could be expanded by coupling extracellular electron transfer to the performance of an exogenous redox-active metal catalyst. Here we demonstrate that the electroactive bacterium Shewanella oneidensis can control the activity of a copper catalyst in atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) via extracellular electron transfer. Using S. oneidensis, we achieved precise control over the molecular weight and polydispersity of a bioorthogonal polymer while similar organisms, such as Escherichia coli, showed no significant activity. We found that catalyst performance was a strong function of bacterial metabolism and specific electron transport proteins, both of which offer potential biological targets for future applications. Overall, our results suggest that manipulating extracellular electron transport pathways may be a general strategy for incorporating organometallic catalysis into the repertoire of metabolically controlled transformations.
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Porous translucent electrodes enhance current generation from photosynthetic biofilms. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1299. [PMID: 29610519 PMCID: PMC5880806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some photosynthetically active bacteria transfer electrons across their membranes, generating electrical photocurrents in biofilms. Devices harvesting solar energy by this mechanism are currently limited by the charge transfer to the electrode. Here, we report the enhancement of bioelectrochemical photocurrent harvesting using electrodes with porosities on the nanometre and micrometre length scale. For the cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 on structured indium-tin-oxide electrodes, an increase in current generation by two orders of magnitude is observed compared to a non-porous electrode. In addition, the photo response is substantially faster compared to non-porous anodes. Electrodes with large enough mesopores for the cells to inhabit show only a small advantage over purely nanoporous electrode morphologies, suggesting the prevalence of a redox shuttle mechanism in the electron transfer from the bacteria to the electrode over a direct conduction mechanism. Our results highlight the importance of electrode nanoporosity in the design of electrochemical bio-interfaces. Some microorganisms are able to generate electrons that can be externally harvested. Here the authors show an increase by two orders of magnitude in the photocurrent when two cyanobacterial strains are grown on nanopourous transparent conducting substrates, compared to traditional solid substrates.
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Lockwood CW, van Wonderen JH, Edwards MJ, Piper SE, White GF, Newton-Payne S, Richardson DJ, Clarke TA, Butt JN. Membrane-spanning electron transfer proteins from electrogenic bacteria: Production and investigation. Methods Enzymol 2018; 613:257-275. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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