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Zhang X, Zhou H, Zhang H. How Does Temperature Affect the Charge Transfer Process in Flow Electrode Capacitive Deionization? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:14886-14894. [PMID: 39073867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate how temperature variations, a key environmental factor, affect the charge transfer process in FCDI systems across seasonal variation and geographical distributions, which is crucial for optimizing FCDI performance but has not received adequate attention. Therefore, thermal-assisted FCDI systems were proposed by controlling the temperatures of the flow electrode and saline water to simulate the environmental conditions, and the temperature effects on the charge transport and desalting ability of FCDI were investigated. First, the isothermal mode was performed, where the flow electrode and saline water were controlled at the same temperatures (0-50 °C) to simulate the natural atmospheric temperature fluctuations and industrial circulating cooling water system. Experimental results showed a strong positive correlation between temperature and electrosorption dynamics. Elevated temperatures significantly improved ion electromigration and diffusion, thereby enhancing the electrosorption capacity of the FCDI device. On this basis, the nonisothermal mode was designed via maintaining the temperature of the flow electrode at 50 °C to improve the desalination performance of FCDI for saline water at different temperatures (0-50 °C). Finally, the East China seawater and industrial circulating cooling water were both desalted successfully to confirm the feasibility of the temperature field in the practical application of FCDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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2
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Mehta SK, Deb D, Nandy A, Shen AQ, Mondal PK. Maximizing blue energy: the role of ion partitioning in nanochannel systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39036903 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01671h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study describes a numerical analysis on blue energy generation using a charged nanochannel with an integrated pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte layer (PEL), considering ion partitioning effects due to permittivity differences. The mathematical model for ionic and fluidic transport is solved using the finite element method, and the model validation is performed against existing theoretical and experimental results. The study investigates the influence of electrolyte concentration, permittivity ratio, and salt types (KCl, BeCl2, AlCl3) on the energy conversion process. The findings illustrate the substantial role of ion partitioning in modulating ionic concentration and potential fields, thereby affecting current profiles and energy conversion efficiencies. Remarkably, overlooking ion partitioning leads to significant overestimations of power density, highlighting the necessity of this consideration for accurate device performance predictions. This work introduces a promising configuration that achieves higher power densities, paving the way for the next generation of efficient energy-harvesting devices. The findings offer valuable insights into the development of state-of-the-art blue energy harvesting nanofluidic devices, advancing sustainable energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Mehta
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039, India.
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039, India
| | - Debarthy Deb
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar - 788010, India
| | - Adhiraj Nandy
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar - 788010, India
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039, India.
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039, India
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3
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Tang J, Wang Y, Yang H, Zhang Q, Wang C, Li L, Zheng Z, Jin Y, Wang H, Gu Y, Zuo T. All-natural 2D nanofluidics as highly-efficient osmotic energy generators. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3649. [PMID: 38684671 PMCID: PMC11058229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47915-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional nanofluidics based on naturally abundant clay are good candidates for harvesting osmotic energy between the sea and river from the perspective of commercialization and environmental sustainability. However, clay-based nanofluidics outputting long-term considerable osmotic power remains extremely challenging to achieve due to the lack of surface charge and mechanical strength. Here, a two-dimensional all-natural nanofluidic (2D-NNF) is developed as a robust and highly efficient osmotic energy generator based on an interlocking configuration of stacked montmorillonite nanosheets (from natural clay) and their intercalated cellulose nanofibers (from natural wood). The generated nano-confined interlamellar channels with abundant surface and space negative charges facilitate selective and fast hopping transport of cations in the 2D-NNF. This contributes to an osmotic power output of ~8.61 W m-2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water, higher than other reported state-of-the-art 2D nanofluidics. According to detailed life cycle assessments (LCA), the 2D-NNF demonstrates great advantages in resource consumption (1/14), greenhouse gas emissions (1/9), and production costs (1/13) compared with the mainstream 2D nanofluidics, promising good sustainability for large-scale and highly-efficient osmotic power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Hongyang Yang
- Institute of Circular Economy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Ce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Leyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Yuhong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yifan Gu
- Institute of Circular Economy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Tieyong Zuo
- Institute of Circular Economy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
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4
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Liu P, Kong XY, Jiang L, Wen L. Ion transport in nanofluidics under external fields. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2972-3001. [PMID: 38345093 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00367a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanofluidic channels with tailored ion transport dynamics are usually used as channels for ion transport, to enable high-performance ion regulation behaviors. The rational construction of nanofluidics and the introduction of external fields are of vital significance to the advancement and development of these ion transport properties. Focusing on the recent advances of nanofluidics, in this review, various dimensional nanomaterials and their derived homogeneous/heterogeneous nanofluidics are first briefly introduced. Then we discuss the basic principles and properties of ion transport in nanofluidics. As the major part of this review, we focus on recent progress in ion transport in nanofluidics regulated by external physical fields (electric field, light, heat, pressure, etc.) and chemical fields (pH, concentration gradient, chemical reaction, etc.), and reveal the advantages and ion regulation mechanisms of each type. Moreover, the representative applications of these nanofluidic channels in sensing, ionic devices, energy conversion, and other areas are summarized. Finally, the major challenges that need to be addressed in this research field and the future perspective of nanofluidics development and practical applications are briefly illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P. R. China
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5
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Shi J, Sun X, Zhang Y, Niu S, Wang Z, Wu Z, An M, Chen L, Li J. Molecular self-assembled cellulose enabling durable, scalable, high-power osmotic energy harvesting. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121656. [PMID: 38171677 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, renewable cellulose-based ion exchange membranes have emerged as promising candidates for capturing green, abundant osmotic energy. However, the low power density and structural/performance instability are challenging for such cellulose membranes. Herein, cellulose-molecule self-assembly engineering (CMA) is developed to construct environmentally friendly, durable, scalable cellulose membranes (CMA membranes). Such a strategy enables CMA membranes with ideal nanochannels (∼7 nm) and tailored channel lengths, which support excellent ion selectivity and ion fluxes toward high-performance osmotic energy harvesting. Finite element simulations also verified the function of tailored nanochannel length on osmotic energy conversion. Correspondingly, our CMA membrane shows a high-power density of 2.27 W/m2 at a 50-fold KCl gradient and super high voltage of 1.32 V with 30-pair CMA membranes (testing area of 22.2 cm2). In addition, the CMA membrane demonstrates long-term structural and dimensional integrity in saline solution, due to their high wet strength (4.2 MPa for N-CMA membrane and 0.5 MPa for P-CMA membrane), and correspondingly generates ultrastable yet high power density more than 100 days. The self-assembly engineering of cellulose molecules constructs high-performance ion-selective membranes with environmentally friendly, scalable, high wet strength and stability advantages, which guide sustainable nanofluidic applications beyond the blue energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Shi
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shengyue Niu
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zequn Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Zhuotong Wu
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Meng An
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Material Engineering, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Xia J, Gao H, Pan S, Huang T, Zhang L, Sui K, Gao J, Liu X, Jiang L. Light-Augmented Multi-ion Interaction in MXene Membrane for Simultaneous Water Treatment and Osmotic Power Generation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25269-25278. [PMID: 38071658 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The mixing of wastewater and natural water releases abundant osmotic energy. Harvesting this energy could significantly reduce the energy and economic cost of water treatment, leading to sustainable wastewater treatment technology. Yet, such energy harvesting is highly challenging because it requires a material that is highly permeable to nontoxic ions while rejecting toxic ions in wastewater to reach high power density and prevent environmental pollution. In this work, we demonstrate that a light-augmented biomimetic multi-ion interaction in an MXene membrane can simultaneously realize high permeability of Na+ ions for enhanced osmotic power generation and high selectivity to heavy metal ions up to a ratio of 2050 for wastewater treatment. The Na+ permeability is enhanced by the photothermal effect of the MXene membrane. The transport of heavy metal ions, however, is suppressed because, under angstrom-confinement, heavy metal ions are strongly electrostatically repelled by the increased number of permeating Na+ ions. As a result, the membrane can stably generate osmotic power from simulated industrial wastewater, and the power density can be enhanced by 4 times under light illumination of approximate 1 sun intensity. This work highlights the importance of multi-ion interaction for the transport properties of ionic materials, which remains rarely investigated and poorly understood in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Shangfa Pan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Kunyan Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Xueli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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7
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Ma L, Liu Z, Man J, Li J, Siwy ZS, Qiu Y. Modulation mechanism of ionic transport through short nanopores by charged exterior surfaces. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18696-18706. [PMID: 37947348 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Short nanopores have various applications in biosensing, desalination, and energy conversion. Here, the modulation of ionic transport by charged exterior surfaces is investigated through simulations with sub-200 nm long nanopores under applied voltages. Detailed analysis of the ionic current, electric field strength, and fluid flow inside and outside nanopores reveals that charged exterior surfaces can increase ionic conductance by increasing both the concentration and migration speed of charge carriers. The electric double layers near charged exterior surfaces provide an ion pool and an additional passageway for counterions, which lead to enhanced exterior surface conductance and ionic concentrations at pore entrances and inside the nanopores. We also report that charges on the membrane surfaces increase the electric field strength inside nanopores. The effective width of a ring with surface charges placed at pore entrances (Lcs) is considered as well by studying the dependence of the current on Lcs. We find a linear relationship between the effective Lcs and the surface charge density and voltage, and an inverse relationship between the geometrical pore length and salt concentration. Our results elucidate the modulation mechanism of ionic transport through short nanopores by charged exterior surfaces, which is important for the design and fabrication of porous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Zuzanna S Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Guo Q, Lai Z, Zuo X, Xian W, Wu S, Zheng L, Dai Z, Wang S, Sun Q. Photoelectric responsive ionic channel for sustainable energy harvesting. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6702. [PMID: 37872199 PMCID: PMC10593762 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to sustainable energy is paramount in today's world, with a significant emphasis on solar and water-based energy sources. Herein, we develop photo-responsive ionic dye-sensitized covalent organic framework membranes. These innovative membranes are designed to significantly enhance selective ion transport by exploiting the intricate interplay between photons, electrons, and ions. The nanofluidic devices engineered in our study showcase exceptional cation conductivity. Additionally, they can adeptly convert light into electrical signals due to photoexcitation-triggered ion movement. Combining the effects of salinity gradients with photo-induced ion movement, the efficiency of these devices is notably amplified. Specifically, under a salinity differential of 0.5/0.01 M NaCl and light exposure, the device reaches a peak power density of 129 W m-2, outperforming the current market standard by approximately 26-fold. Beyond introducing the idea of photoelectric activity in ionic membranes, our research highlights a potential pathway to cater to the escalating global energy needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuozhi Lai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhui Zuo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Xian
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaochun Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Zheng DC, Hsu JP. Enhancing the osmotic energy conversion of a nanoporous membrane: influence of pore density, pH, and temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6089-6101. [PMID: 36752071 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Salinity gradient power, which converts Gibbs free energy of mixing to electric energy through an ion-selective pore, has great potential. Towards practical use, developing membrane-scaled nanoporous materials is desirable and necessary. Unfortunately, the presence of a significant ion concentration polarization (ICP) lowers appreciably the power harvested, especially at a high pore density. To alleviate this problem, we suggest applying an extra pressure difference ΔP across a membrane containing multiple nanopores, taking account of the associated power consumption. The results gathered reveal that the application of a negative pressure difference can improve the power harvested due to the enhanced selectivity. In addition, if the pore density of a membrane is high, raising its pore length is necessary to make the energy harvested economic. For example, if the pore length is 2000 nm and the pore density is 2.5 × 109 pores per cm2, an increment in the power density of 213 mW m-2 can be obtained by applying ΔP = -1 bar at pH 11 and 323 K, where a net positive power density can be retrieved. The performance of the system considered under various conditions is examined in detail, along with associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Cheng Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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10
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Pandey D, Mondal PK, Wongwises S. Chemiosomotic flow in a soft conical nanopore: harvesting enhanced blue energy. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1152-1163. [PMID: 36633007 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The salinity gradient energy or the 'blue energy' is one of the most promising inexpensive and abundant sources of clean energy, having immense capabilities to serve modern-day society. In this article, we overlay an extensive analysis of reverse electrodialysis (RED) for harvesting salinity gradient energy in a single conical nanochannel, grafted with a pH-tunable polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) on the inner surfaces. We primarily focus on the distinctiveness of the solution pH of the connecting reservoirs. In spite of acquiring a maximum power density of ∼1.2 kW m-2 in the chosen configuration, we notice a counter-intuitive patterning of the ion transport for a certain span of pH, leading to diminishing power. To this end, we discuss the possible strategic avenues essentially to achieve a higher amount of power density. In order to achieve a desirable outcome within that pH zone, we employ two separate approaches intending to counter the underlying physics. Results reveal a great enhancement in the power density as well as in the efficiency even under the framework of both strategies proposed herein. Moreover, as shown, the window of solution pH has increased by three times, implicating the maximum power density mentioned above. We expect that the strategic procedure of augmented energy harvesting as discussed in this analysis can be of importance from the perspective of fabricating state-of-the-art nanodevices aimed at blue energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyel Pandey
- Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase Flow Research Lab. (FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase Flow Research Lab. (FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Somchai Wongwises
- Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase Flow Research Lab. (FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
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11
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Han J, Ko YS, Nam Y, Lee C. Thermally enhanced osmotic power generation from salinity difference. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Effect of Surface Charge Gradient on the Concentration Difference Driven Energy Conversion in Nanochannel. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Seo D, Kim D, Seo S, Park J, Kim T. Analyses of Pore-Size-Dependent Ionic Transport in Nanopores in the Presence of Concentration and Temperature Gradients. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2409-2418. [PMID: 36562122 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mass transport through nanopores occurs in various natural systems, including the human body. For example, ion transport across nerve cell membranes plays a significant role in neural signal transmission, which can be significantly affected by the electrolyte and temperature conditions. To better understand and control the underlying nanoscopic transport, it is necessary to develop multiphysical transport models as well as validate them using enhanced experimental methods for facile nanopore fabrication and precise nanoscale transport characterization. Here, we report a nanopore-integrated microfluidic platform to characterize ion transport in the presence of electrolyte and temperature gradients; we employ our previous self-assembled particle membrane (SAPM)-integrated microfluidic platform to produce various nanopores with different pore sizes. Subsequently, we quantify pore-size-dependent ionic transport by measuring the short circuit current (SCC) and open circuit voltage (OCV) across various nanopores by manipulating the electrolyte and temperature gradients. We establish three simple theoretical models that heavily depend on pore size, electrolyte concentration, and temperature and subsequently validate them with the experimental results. Finally, we anticipate that the results of this study would help clarify ion transport phenomena at low-temperature conditions, not only providing a fundamental understanding but also enabling practical applications of cryo-anesthesia in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyul Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Sinsudong, Mapogu, Seoul04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan44919, Republic of Korea
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14
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Lo HY, Tsou TY, Hsu JP. Ion transport in a non-isothermal electrokinetic energy conversion system. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Dong Y, Zhao Z, Zhao J, Guo Z, Du G, Sun Y, He D, Duan J, Liu J, Yao H. High-Performance Osmotic Power Generators Based on the 1D/2D Hybrid Nanochannel System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29197-29212. [PMID: 35704847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracting clean energy by converting the salinity gradient between river and sea into energy is an effective way to reduce the global pollution and carbon emissions. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is of great importance to realize the energy conversion assisting the ion-selective membrane. However, its higher ion resistance and lower conversion efficiency results in the undesirable power conversion performance. Here, we demonstrate a 1D/2D hybrid nanochannel system to achieve high osmotic energy conversion and output power. This heterogeneous structure is composed of two structures, in which the subnanometer nanochannels in graphene oxide membrane (GOM) can serve as a selective layer and reduce the ion diffusion energy barrier, while the nanochannel in the polymer can introduce asymmetry to enhance ionic rectification and conversion efficiency. This heterogeneous membrane exhibits excellent cation selectivity and enhanced ionic current rectification (ICR) performance. The application of the GOM/PET hybrid nanochannel system in osmotic energy harvesting is evaluated, and the output power can reach up to 118.2 pW with the energy conversion efficiency of 40.3%. Theoretical calculation indicates that the 1D/2D hybrid system can effectively take the advantage of excellent cation selectivity of 2D lamellar nanochannels to improve its RED performance significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Dong
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Zaichao Guo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Guanghua Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Youmei Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Deyan He
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, PR China
| | - Jinglai Duan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou516000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
| | - Huijun Yao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, PR China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou516000, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, PR China
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16
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Improving the performance of salinity gradient power generation by a negative pressure difference. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Gao Z, Sun Z, Ahmad M, Liu Y, Wei H, Wang S, Jin Y. Increased ion transport and high-efficient osmotic energy conversion through aqueous stable graphitic carbon nitride/cellulose nanofiber composite membrane. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 280:119023. [PMID: 35027125 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Increased attention has evoked on the utilization of renewable energy, particularly osmotic power as a potential solution to the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Herein, we fabricate graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) composite membranes with tailored lamellar nanochannels for capturing osmotic energy from salinity gradients. Composite membranes exhibiting charge-governed ion conductivity were prepared via co-homogenization of g-C3N4 with CNF and vacuum filtration. Ion conductivity was efficiently modulated by fine-tuning the charge density through controlling the weight content of CNF in the composite membranes. Higher ion conductivity of 0.014 S cm-1 at low concentrations (<10-2 M KCl) was achieved due to the increased charge density of the lamellar nanochannels and the excellent aqueous stability of the membranes. We demonstrate the potential of the composite membranes in nanofluidic osmotic energy conversion, displaying thermo-enhanced power output performance. This work could inspire new designs of cellulose-based nanofluidic devices for improved osmotic energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxia Gao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haiying Wei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Sha Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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18
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Hong S, El-Demellawi JK, Lei Y, Liu Z, Marzooqi FA, Arafat HA, Alshareef HN. Porous Ti 3C 2T x MXene Membranes for Highly Efficient Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2022; 16:792-800. [PMID: 35000386 PMCID: PMC8793134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracting osmotic energy through nanoporous membranes is an efficient way to harvest renewable and sustainable energy using the salinity gradient between seawater and river water. Despite recent advances of nanopore-based membranes, which have revitalized the prospect of blue energy, their energy conversion is hampered by nanomembrane issues such as high internal resistance or low selectivity. Herein, we report a lamellar-structured membrane made of nanoporous Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets, exhibiting simultaneous enhancement in permeability and ion selectivity beyond their inherent trade-off. The perforated nanopores formed by facile H2SO4 oxidation of the sheets act as a network of cation channels that interconnects interplanar nanocapillaries throughout the lamellar membrane. The constructed internal nanopores lower the energy barrier for cation passage, thereby boosting the preferential ion diffusion across the membrane. A maximum output power density of the nanoporous Ti3C2Tx MXene membranes reaches up to 17.5 W·m-2 under a 100-fold KCl gradient at neutral pH and room temperature, which is as high as by 38% compared to that of the pristine membrane. The membrane design strategy employing the nanoporous two-dimensional sheets provides a promising approach for ion exchange, osmotic energy extraction, and other nanofluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Hong
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad K. El-Demellawi
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yongjiu Lei
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Marzooqi
- Center
for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan A. Arafat
- Center
for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Husam N. Alshareef
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Alan BO, Barisik M. Size and roughness dependent temperature effects on surface charge of silica nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Laucirica G, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Marmisollé W, Azzaroni O. Nanofluidic osmotic power generators - advanced nanoporous membranes and nanochannels for blue energy harvesting. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12874-12910. [PMID: 34745520 PMCID: PMC8513907 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03581a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase of energy demand added to the concern for environmental pollution linked to energy generation based on the combustion of fossil fuels has motivated the study and development of new sustainable ways for energy harvesting. Among the different alternatives, the opportunity to generate energy by exploiting the osmotic pressure difference between water sources of different salinities has attracted considerable attention. It is well-known that this objective can be accomplished by employing ion-selective dense membranes. However, so far, the current state of this technology has shown limited performance which hinders its real application. In this context, advanced nanostructured membranes (nanoporous membranes) with high ion flux and selectivity enabling the enhancement of the output power are perceived as a promising strategy to overcome the existing barriers in this technology. While the utilization of nanoporous membranes for osmotic power generation is a relatively new field and therefore, its application for large-scale production is still uncertain, there have been major developments at the laboratory scale in recent years that demonstrate its huge potential. In this review, we introduce a comprehensive analysis of the main fundamental concepts behind osmotic energy generation and how the utilization of nanoporous membranes with tailored ion transport can be a key to the development of high-efficiency blue energy harvesting systems. Also, the document discusses experimental issues related to the different ways to fabricate this new generation of membranes and the different experimental set-ups for the energy-conversion measurements. We highlight the importance of optimizing the experimental variables through the detailed analysis of the influence on the energy capability of geometrical features related to the nanoporous membranes, surface charge density, concentration gradient, temperature, building block integration, and others. Finally, we summarize some representative studies in up-scaled membranes and discuss the main challenges and perspectives of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Laucirica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CC 16 Suc. 4 1900 La Plata Argentina http://softmatter.quimica.unlp.edu.ar www.twitter.com/softmatterlab
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung 64291 Darmstadt Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Materialwissenschaft 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Waldemar Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CC 16 Suc. 4 1900 La Plata Argentina http://softmatter.quimica.unlp.edu.ar www.twitter.com/softmatterlab
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CC 16 Suc. 4 1900 La Plata Argentina http://softmatter.quimica.unlp.edu.ar www.twitter.com/softmatterlab
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21
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Hsu WS, Preet A, Lin TY, Lin TE. Miniaturized Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting Devices. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185469. [PMID: 34576940 PMCID: PMC8466105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Harvesting salinity gradient energy, also known as "osmotic energy" or "blue energy", generated from the free energy mixing of seawater and fresh river water provides a renewable and sustainable alternative for circumventing the recent upsurge in global energy consumption. The osmotic pressure resulting from mixing water streams with different salinities can be converted into electrical energy driven by a potential difference or ionic gradients. Reversed-electrodialysis (RED) has become more prominent among the conventional membrane-based separation methodologies due to its higher energy efficiency and lesser susceptibility to membrane fouling than pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). However, the ion-exchange membranes used for RED systems often encounter limitations while adapting to a real-world system due to their limited pore sizes and internal resistance. The worldwide demand for clean energy production has reinvigorated the interest in salinity gradient energy conversion. In addition to the large energy conversion devices, the miniaturized devices used for powering a portable or wearable micro-device have attracted much attention. This review provides insights into developing miniaturized salinity gradient energy harvesting devices and recent advances in the membranes designed for optimized osmotic power extraction. Furthermore, we present various applications utilizing the salinity gradient energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shan Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); or (A.P.)
| | - Anant Preet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); or (A.P.)
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-En Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); or (A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-(03)-573-1750
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22
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Tong X, Liu S, Crittenden J, Chen Y. Nanofluidic Membranes to Address the Challenges of Salinity Gradient Power Harvesting. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5838-5860. [PMID: 33844502 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salinity gradient power (SGP) has been identified as a promising renewable energy source. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) are two membrane-based technologies for SGP harvesting. Developing nanopores and nanofluidic membranes with excellent water and/or ion transport properties for applications in those two membrane-based technologies is considered viable for improving power generation performance. Despite recent efforts to advance power generation by designing a variety of nanopores and nanofluidic membranes to enhance power density, the valid pathways toward large-scale power generation remain uncertain. In this review, we introduce the features of ion and water transport in nanofluidics that are potentially beneficial to power generation. Subsequently, we survey previous efforts on nanofluidic membrane synthesis to obtain high power density. We also discuss how the various membrane properties influence the power density in RED and PRO before moving on to other important aspects of the technologies, i.e., system energy efficiency and membrane fouling. We analyze the importance of system energy efficiency and illustrate how the delicately designed nanofluidic membranes can potentially enhance energy efficiency. Previous studies are reviewed on fabricating antifouling and antimicrobial membrane for power generation, and opportunities are presented that can lead to the design of nanofluidic membranes with superior antifouling properties using various materials. Finally, future research directions are presented on advancing membrane performance and scaling-up the system. We conclude this review by emphasizing the fact that SGP has the potential to become an important renewable energy source and that high-performance nanofluidic membranes can transform SGP harvesting from conceptual to large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Su Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - John Crittenden
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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23
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Yang G, Liu D, Chen C, Qian Y, Su Y, Qin S, Zhang L, Wang X, Sun L, Lei W. Stable Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Boron Nitride Membranes with Low Internal Resistance for Enhanced Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6594-6603. [PMID: 33787220 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracting salinity gradient energy through a nanomembrane is an efficient way to obtain clean and renewable energy. However, the membranes with undesirable properties, such as low stability, high internal resistance, and low selectivity, would limit the output performance. Herein, we report two-dimensional (2D) laminar nanochannels in the hybrid Ti3C2Tx MXene/boron nitride (MXBN) membrane with excellent stability and reduced internal resistance for enhanced salinity gradient energy harvesting. The internal resistance of the MXBN membrane is significantly reduced after adding BN in a pristine MXene membrane, due to the small size and high surface charge density of BN nanosheets. The output power density of the MXBN membrane with 44 wt % BN nanosheets reaches 2.3 W/m2, almost twice that of a pristine MXene membrane. Besides, the output power density can be further increased to 6.2 W/m2 at 336 K and stabilizes for 10 h at 321 K, revealing excellent structure stability of the membrane in long-term aqueous conditions. This work presents a feasible method for improving the channel properties, which provides 2D layered composite membranes in ion transport, energy extraction, and other nanofluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Yang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Dan Liu
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Cheng Chen
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yijun Qian
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Yuyu Su
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Si Qin
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Liangzhu Zhang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Lu Sun
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Weiwei Lei
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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24
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Liu YC, Yeh LH, Zheng MJ, Wu KCW. Highly selective and high-performance osmotic power generators in subnanochannel membranes enabled by metal-organic frameworks. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/10/eabe9924. [PMID: 33658204 PMCID: PMC7929511 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe9924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The electric organs of electric eels are able to convert ionic gradients into high-efficiency electricity because their electrocytes contain numerous "subnanoscale" protein ion channels that can achieve highly selective and ultrafast ion transport. Despite increasing awareness of blue energy production through nanochannel membranes, achieving high-performance energy output remains considerably unexplored. Here, we report on a heterogeneous subnanochannel membrane, consisting of a continuous UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic framework (MOF) and a highly ordered alumina nanochannel membrane. In the positively charged membrane, the angstrom-scale windows function as ionic filters for screening anions with different hydrated sizes. Driven by osmosis, the subnanochannel membrane can produce an exceptionally high Br-/NO3 - selectivity of ~1240, hence yielding an unprecedented power of up to 26.8 W/m2 under a 100-fold KBr gradient. Achieving ultrahigh selective and ultrafast osmotic transport in ion channel-mimetic MOF-based membranes opens previously unexplored avenues toward advanced separation technologies and energy-harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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25
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Yang R, Liu S, Zhou L, Lin X, Su B. Thermoelectric Response of Ion‐Selective Membranes: Modelling and Experimental Studies. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Yang
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Analytical Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Analytical Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Analytical Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Xingyu Lin
- Department of Biosystem and Food Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Analytical Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
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26
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Khatibi M, Sadeghi A, Ashrafizadeh SN. Tripling the reverse electrodialysis power generation in conical nanochannels utilizing soft surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2211-2221. [PMID: 33439162 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the feasibility of enhancing the reverse electrodialysis power generation in nanochannels by covering the surface with a polyelectrolyte layer (PEL). Along these lines, two conical nanochannels are considered that differ in the extent of the covering. Each nanochannel connects two large reservoirs filled with KCl electrolytes of different ionic concentrations. Considering the Poisson-Nernst-Planck and Navier-Brinkman equations, finite-element-based numerical simulations are performed under a steady-state. The influences of the PEL properties and the salinity gradient on the reverse electrodialysis characteristics are examined in detail via a thorough parametric study. It is shown that the maximum power generated is an increasing function of the charge density and the thickness of the PEL. This means that the maximum power generated may be theoretically increased to any desired degree by covering the nanochannel surface with a sufficiently dense and thick PEL. Considering a typical PEL with a charge density of 100 mol m-3 and a thickness of 8 nm along with a high-to-low concentration ratio of 1000, we demonstrate that it is possible to extract a power density of 51.5 W m-2, which is nearly three times the maximum achievable value employing bare conical nanochannels at the same salinity gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Khatibi
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
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27
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The polarization reverse of diode-like conical nanopore under pH gradient. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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28
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Hong S, Zou G, Kim H, Huang D, Wang P, Alshareef HN. Photothermoelectric Response of Ti 3C 2T x MXene Confined Ion Channels. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9042-9049. [PMID: 32538614 PMCID: PMC7467806 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With recent growing interest in biomimetic smart nanochannels, a biological sensory transduction in response to external stimuli has been of particular interest in the development of biomimetic nanofluidic systems. Here we demonstrate the MXene-based subnanometer ion channels that convert external temperature changes to electric signals via preferential diffusion of cations under a thermal gradient. In particular, coupled with a photothermal conversion feature of MXenes, an array of the nanoconfined Ti3C2Tx ion channels can capture trans-nanochannel diffusion potentials under a light-driven axial temperature gradient. The nonisothermal open-circuit potential across channels is enhanced with increasing cationic permselectivity of confined channels, associated with the ionic concentration or pH of permeant fluids. The photothermoelectric ionic response (evaluated from the ionic Seebeck coefficient) reached up to 1 mV·K-1, which is comparable to biological thermosensory channels, and demonstrated stability and reproducibility in the absence and presence of an ionic concentration gradient. With advantages of physicochemical tunability and easy fabrication process, the lamellar ion conductors may be an important nanofluidic thermosensation platform possibly for biomimetic sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Hong
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Water
Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guodong Zou
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyunho Kim
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dazhen Huang
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Wang
- Water
Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental
Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Husam N. Alshareef
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Alizadeh A, Wang M. Temperature effects on electrical double layer at solid-aqueous solution interface. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1067-1072. [PMID: 32333410 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant influence of solution temperature on the structure of electrical double layer, the lack of theoretical model intercepts us to explain and predict the interesting experimental observations. In this work, we study the structure of electrical double layer as a function of thermochemical properties of the solution by proposing a phenomenological temperature dependent surface complexation model. We found that by introducing a buffer layer between the diffuse layer and stern layer, one can explain the sensitivity of zeta potential to temperature for different bulk ion concentrations. Calculation of the electrical conductance as function of thermochemical properties of solution reveals the electrical conductance not only is a function of bulk ion concentration and channel height but also the solution temperature. The present work model can provide deep understanding of micro- and nanofluidic devices functionality at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Alizadeh
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moran Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
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30
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Peng PH, Ou Yang HC, Tsai PC, Yeh LH. Thermal Dependence of the Mesoscale Ionic Diode: Modeling and Experimental Verification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17139-17146. [PMID: 32182421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesoscale ionic diodes, which can rectify ionic current at conditions at which their pore size is larger than 100 nm and thus over 100 times larger than the Debye length, have been recently discovered with potential applications in ionic circuits as well as osmotic power generation. Compared with the conventional nanoscale ionic diodes, the mesoscale ionic diodes can offer much higher conductance, ionic current resolution, and power generated. However, the thermal response, which has been proven playing a crucial role in nanofluidic devices, of the mesoscale ionic diode remains significantly unexplored. Here, we report the thermal dependence of the mesoscale ionic diode comprising a conical pore with a tip opening diameter of ∼400 nm. To capture its underlying physics more accurately, our model takes into account the practical equilibrium chemistry reaction of functional carboxyl groups on the pore surface. Modeling results predict that in the mesoscale ionic diode prepared currents increase but the performance decreases with the increase of temperature, which is consistent with our experimental data and indicates that the ion transport properties apparently depend on the presence of highly mobile hydroxide ions. The results gathered can provide important guidance for the design of new mesoscale ionic diodes, enriching their applications in thermoelectric power and thermoresponsive chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsien Peng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chiao Ou Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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31
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Ding L, Xiao D, Lu Z, Deng J, Wei Y, Caro J, Wang H. Oppositely Charged Ti
3
C
2
T
x
MXene Membranes with 2D Nanofluidic Channels for Osmotic Energy Harvesting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Dan Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Zong Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Junjie Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Yanying Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Jürgen Caro
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Leibniz University Hannover Callinstrasse 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Haihui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
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32
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Ding L, Xiao D, Lu Z, Deng J, Wei Y, Caro J, Wang H. Oppositely Charged Ti
3
C
2
T
x
MXene Membranes with 2D Nanofluidic Channels for Osmotic Energy Harvesting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8720-8726. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Dan Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Zong Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Junjie Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Yanying Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Jürgen Caro
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Leibniz University Hannover Callinstrasse 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Haihui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
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33
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Hsu JP, Su TC, Peng PH, Hsu SC, Zheng MJ, Yeh LH. Unraveling the Anomalous Surface-Charge-Dependent Osmotic Power Using a Single Funnel-Shaped Nanochannel. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13374-13381. [PMID: 31639293 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanofluidic osmotic power, which converts a difference in salinity between brine and fresh water into electricity with nanoscale channels, has received more and more attention in recent years. It is long believed that to gain high-performance osmotic power, highly charged channel materials should be exploited so as to enhance the ion selectivity. In this paper, we report counterintuitive surface-charge-density-dependent osmotic power in a single funnel-shaped nanochannel (FSN), violating the previous viewpoint. For the highly charged nanochannel, the performance of osmotic power decreases with a further increase in its surface charge density. With increasing pH (surface charge density), the FSN enables a local maximum power density as high as ∼3.5 kW/m2 in a 500 mM/1 mM KCl gradient. This observation is strongly supported by our rigorous model where the equilibrium chemical reaction between functional carboxylate ion groups on the channel wall and protons is taken into account. The modeling reveals that for a highly charged nanochannel, a significant increase in the surface charge density amplifies the ion concentration polarization effect, thus weakening the effective salinity ratio across the channel and undermining the osmotic power generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607 , Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chiao Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsien Peng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607 , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , Tamkang University , New Taipei City 25137 , Taiwan
| | - Min-Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607 , Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607 , Taiwan
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34
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Long R, Kuang Z, Liu Z, Liu W. Ionic thermal up-diffusion in nanofluidic salinity-gradient energy harvesting. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:1266-1273. [PMID: 34692004 PMCID: PMC8291421 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanofabrication and materials science give a boost to the research in nanofluidic energy harvesting. Contrary to previous efforts on isothermal conditions, here a study on asymmetric temperature dependence in nanofluidic power generation is conducted. Results are somewhat counterintuitive. A negative temperature difference can significantly improve the membrane potential due to the impact of ionic thermal up-diffusion that promotes the selectivity and suppresses the ion-concentration polarization, especially at the low-concentration side, which results in dramatically enhanced electric power. A positive temperature difference lowers the membrane potential due to the impact of ionic thermal down-diffusion, although it promotes the diffusion current induced by decreased electrical resistance. Originating from the compromise of the temperature-impacted membrane potential and diffusion current, a positive temperature difference enhances the power at low transmembrane-concentration intensities and hinders the power for high transmembrane-concentration intensities. Based on the system's temperature response, we have proposed a simple and efficient way to fabricate tunable ionic voltage sources and enhance salinity-gradient energy conversion based on small nanoscale biochannels and mimetic nanochannels. These findings reveal the importance of a long-overlooked element—temperature—in nanofluidic energy harvesting and provide insights for the optimization and fabrication of high-performance nanofluidic power devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Long
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengfei Kuang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhichun Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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35
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Han J, Bae C, Chae S, Choi D, Lee S, Nam Y, Lee C. High-efficiency power generation in hyper-saline environment using conventional nanoporous membrane. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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36
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Hong S, Ming F, Shi Y, Li R, Kim IS, Tang CY, Alshareef HN, Wang P. Two-Dimensional Ti 3C 2T x MXene Membranes as Nanofluidic Osmotic Power Generators. ACS NANO 2019; 13:8917-8925. [PMID: 31305989 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salinity-gradient is emerging as one of the promising renewable energy sources but its energy conversion is severely limited by unsatisfactory performance of available semipermeable membranes. Recently, nanoconfined channels, as osmotic conduits, have shown superior energy conversion performance to conventional technologies. Here, ion selective nanochannels in lamellar Ti3C2Tx MXene membranes are reported for efficient osmotic power harvesting. These subnanometer channels in the Ti3C2Tx membranes enable cation-selective passage, assisted with tailored surface terminal groups, under salinity gradient. A record-high output power density of 21 W·m-2 at room temperature with an energy conversion efficiency of up to 40.6% is achieved by controlled surface charges at a 1000-fold salinity gradient. In addition, due to thermal regulation of surface charges and ionic mobility, the MXene membrane produces a large thermal enhancement at 331 K, yielding a power density of up to 54 W·m-2. The MXene lamellar structure, coupled with its scalability and chemical tunability, may be an important platform for high-performance osmotic power generators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - In S Kim
- Global Desalination Research Center (GDRC), School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005 , South Korea
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam , Hong Kong 999077
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37
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Mercer E, Davey C, Azzini D, Eusebi A, Tierney R, Williams L, Jiang Y, Parker A, Kolios A, Tyrrel S, Cartmell E, Pidou M, McAdam E. Hybrid membrane distillation reverse electrodialysis configuration for water and energy recovery from human urine: An opportunity for off-grid decentralised sanitation. J Memb Sci 2019; 584:343-352. [PMID: 31423048 PMCID: PMC6558964 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The integration of membrane distillation with reverse electrodialysis has been investigated as a sustainable sanitation solution to provide clean water and electrical power from urine and waste heat. Reverse electrodialysis was integrated to provide the partial remixing of the concentrate (urine) and diluate (permeate) produced from the membrane distillation of urine. Broadly comparable power densities to those of a model salt solution (sodium chloride) were determined during evaluation of the individual and combined contribution of the various monovalent and multivalent inorganic and organic salt constituents in urine. Power densities were improved through raising feed-side temperature and increasing concentration in the concentrate, without observation of limiting behaviour imposed by non-ideal salt and water transport. A further unique contribution of this application is the limited volume of salt concentrate available, which demanded brine recycling to maximise energy recovery analogous to a battery, operating in a 'state of charge'. During recycle, around 47% of the Gibbs free energy was recoverable with up to 80% of the energy extractable before the concentration difference between the two solutions was halfway towards equilibrium which implies that energy recovery can be optimised with limited effect on permeate quality. This study has provided the first successful demonstration of an integrated MD-RED system for energy recovery from a limited resource, and evidences that the recovered power is sufficient to operate a range of low current fluid pumping technologies that could help deliver off-grid sanitation and clean water recovery at single household scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Mercer
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - C.J. Davey
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - D. Azzini
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Piazza Roma, Ancona, Italy
| | - A.L. Eusebi
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Piazza Roma, Ancona, Italy
| | - R. Tierney
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - L. Williams
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Y. Jiang
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - A. Parker
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - A. Kolios
- Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - S. Tyrrel
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - E. Cartmell
- Scottish Water, Castle House, Carnegie Campus, Dunfermline, UK
| | - M. Pidou
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - E.J. McAdam
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Chen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lina Yao
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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39
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Li H, Xiao F, Hong G, Su J, Li N, Cao L, Wen Q, Guo W. On the Role of Heterogeneous Nanopore Junction in Osmotic Power Generation. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Feilong Xiao
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Gang Hong
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Jianjian Su
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Ning Li
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Liuxuan Cao
- College of EnergyXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Qi Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Wei Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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40
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Hsu JP, Su TC, Lin CY, Tseng S. Power generation from a pH-regulated nanochannel through reverse electrodialysis: Effects of nanochannel shape and non-uniform H+ distribution. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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41
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Hsu WL, Hwang J, Daiguji H. Theory of Transport-Induced-Charge Electroosmotic Pumping toward Alternating Current Resistive Pulse Sensing. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2320-2326. [PMID: 30350951 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we study transport-induced-charge electroosmosis toward alternating current resistive pulse sensing for the next generation of biomedical applications. Transport-induced-charge electroosmosis, being a new class of electrokinetic phenomenon, occurs as a salt concentration gradient works in synergy with an electric field in ultrathin nanopores. Apart from the conventional electric double layer-governed electroosmotic flow in which the flow behavior is subject to the surface charge, it is found that the transport-induced-charge electroosmotic flow behaves independently of surface charge magnitude but can be linearly regulated by the bulk salt concentration bias. The reversal of the electric field simultaneously inverses the induced charge allowing the establishment of a unidirectional flow under the application of a periodic alternating current field. This unique phenomenon permits continuous water and nanoparticles pumping through a two-dimensional material nanopore in spite of the reversal of the electric field. Built upon this mechanism, we propose a theoretical prototype of alternating current resistive pulse sensing in a two-dimensional nanopore system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Junho Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Daiguji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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42
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Qian Y, Zhang Z, Kong XY, Tian W, Wen L, Jiang L. Engineered Artificial Nanochannels for Nitrite Ion Harmless Conversion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30852-30859. [PMID: 30124286 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the delicate functions of living organisms to transport or transform nitrite ions (NO2-), a bioinspired smart nanochannel that can realize harmless conversion of NO2- into N2 is developed by immobilizing a NO2--responsive functional molecule, p-phenylenediamine, onto a single conical polyethylene terephthalate nanochannel. Subsequently, the aromatic primary amine groups could be triggered to transform into a phenyldiazonium molecule based on the acid-activated NO2--binding process. The nanochannel exhibits specific selectivity and highly ultratrace recognition of NO2-. Fascinatingly, the transformed phenyldiazonium molecules could be triggered to generate phenol groups and release N2 by ultraviolet light activation, achieving NO2- harmless conversion. This system could provide inspiration to construct artificial nanofluidic devices for ion-sensing and nitrogen cycle fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072 , P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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43
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Long R, Kuang Z, Liu Z, Liu W. Temperature regulated reverse electrodialysis in charged nanopores. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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44
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Long R, Kuang Z, Liu Z, Liu W. Reverse electrodialysis in bilayer nanochannels: salinity gradient-driven power generation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7295-7302. [PMID: 29485149 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08394g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the possibility of nano-fluidic reverse electrodialysis (RED) for salinity gradient energy harvesting, we consider the behavior of ion transportation in a bilayer cylindrical nanochannel consisting of different sized nanopores connecting two large reservoirs at different NaCl concentrations. Numerical simulations to illustrate the electrokinetic behavior at asymmetric sub-pore length and surface charge density are conducted, the impacts of which on transference number, osmotic current, diffusive voltage, maximum power and maximum power efficiency are systematically investigated. The results reveal that the transference number in Config. I (where high NaCl concentration is applied at the larger nanopore) is always larger than that in the opposite configuration (Config. II). At low concentration ratios, the osmotic current and maximum power have maximum values, while the maximum power efficiency decreases consistently. For Config. II, the ion transportation is impacted by the surface charge density at both sub-nanopores, while for Config. I, it is determined by the surface charge density at the downstream small nanopore. When large surface charge density is applied at the downstream small nanopore in contact with a very low concentration reservoir, there exists an interesting phenomenon: the larger surface charge density at the large nanopore induces a slight performance drop due to the impact of upstream EDL overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Long
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Cheng LJ. Electrokinetic ion transport in nanofluidics and membranes with applications in bioanalysis and beyond. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:021502. [PMID: 29713395 PMCID: PMC5897123 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic transport of ions between electrolyte solutions and ion permselective solid media governs a variety of applications, such as molecular separation, biological detection, and bioelectronics. These applications rely on a unique class of materials and devices to interface the ionic and electronic systems. The devices built on ion permselective materials or micro-/nanofluidic channels are arranged to work with aqueous environments capable of either manipulating charged species through applied electric fields or transducing biological responses into electronic signals. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the application of electrokinetic ion transport using nanofluidic and membrane technologies. We start with an introduction into the theoretical basis of ion transport kinetics and their analogy to the charge transport in electronic systems. We continue with discussions of the materials and nanofabrication technologies developed to create ion permselective membranes and nanofluidic devices. Accomplishments from various applications are highlighted, including biosensing, molecular separation, energy conversion, and bio-electronic interfaces. We also briefly outline potential applications and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jing Cheng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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