1
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Larkin JO, Cheng Z, Arefeayne Y, Segatori L, Jones MR, Ball ZT. Templated Synthesis of Copper Nanoclusters with a Hybrid Lysozyme-Polymer Material for Enhanced Fluorescence. Bioconjug Chem 2024. [PMID: 38739108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid materials that combine organic polymers and biomacromolecules offer unique opportunities for precisely controlling 3D chemical environments. Although biological or organic templates have been separately used to control the growth of inorganic nanoclusters, hybrid structures represent a relatively unexplored approach to tailoring nanocluster properties. Here, we demonstrate that a molecularly defined lysozyme-polymer resin material acts as a structural scaffold for the synthesis of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with well controlled size distributions. The resulting CuNCs have significantly enhanced fluorescence compared with syntheses based on polymeric or biological templates alone. The synergistic approach described here is appealing for the synthesis of biocompatible fluorescent labels with improved photostability.
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2
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Wang R, Xue L, Dong X, Yan W, Li Y. Chitosan-initiated gold nanoparticles with enhanced fluorescence for unique Fe 3+/PPi sensing and photothermal therapy. Talanta 2024; 271:125719. [PMID: 38281429 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The design of surface ligands is crucial for ligand-protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Herein, following the principle of green synthesis, environmentally friendly gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@His@CC, AuHC) were fabricated based on dual ligands of histidine and carboxylated chitosan. AuHC showed the advantages of low toxicity, good photoluminescent stability and ideal biocompatibility. Compared with single histidine-coated gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@His, AuH), AuHC presented enhanced fluorescence attributed to the addition of chitosan. The blue-emitting AuHC has a unique response to Fe3+ with detection limits as low as 9.51 nM. Interestingly, the quenched fluorescence of AuHC-Fe3+ system could be restored through the introduction of PPi with a detection limit of 10.6 μM. So an "on-off-on" fluorescence sensing platform was achieved. Apart from good optical properties and sensing, the designed AuHC demonstrated outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency (27.8 %), which made it ideal material for thermal ablation of tumor. To be specific, after laser irradiation (660 nm, 0.78 W cm-2, 10 min) of AuHC, the survival rate of HeLa cells as a tumor cell model decreased to 12.7 %, indicating that AuHC has a significant tumor inhibition effect in vitro. Besides, AuHC also could be a befitting candidate for overcoming drug-resistant tumor cells such as MCF-7/ADR cells. Notably, AuHC can markedly ablate solid tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after laser irradiation (660 nm, 0.78 W cm-2, 10 min). Hence this work provides insight into the design of multifunctional AuNPs platform for simultaneously integrating the ion sensing and photothermal therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Liuyan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, PR China
| | - Yingqi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China.
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3
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Talapphet N, Huh CS, Kim MM. Development of gold nanocluster complex for the detection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha based on immunoassay. J Immunol Methods 2024; 527:113648. [PMID: 38373541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α, a cytokine recognized as a key regulator of inflammatory responses, is primarily produced by activated monocytes and macrophages. Measuring TNF-α levels serves as a valuable indicator for tracking several diseases and pathological states. Gold nanotechnology has been identified as a highly effective catalyst with unique properties for measuring inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to synthesize gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and the AuNCs-streptavidin system, along with their characterizations and spherical morphology. The detection of TNF-α antigen with AuNCs was determined, and a new immunoassay-based AuNCs analytical platform was studied. In this study, it was demonstrated that the synthesized AuNCs and AuNCs-streptavidin showed a bright-yellow appearance with absorption peaks at A600 and A610 nm, respectively. The approximately spherical shape was observed by TEM analysis. The AuNCs demonstrated a sensitivity limit for the detection of the TNF-α antigen, with a linear dose-dependent detection range of less than 1.25 ng/mL. The products of the band sizes and band intensities were proportional to the amount of TNF-α in the range of ∼80 kDa, ∼55 kDa, and ∼ 25 kDa in western blot analysis. The TNF-α in cell lysate was successfully detected using an immunoassay after the activation of RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This assay may serve as a viable alternative for TNF-α detection with high speed, sensitivity, and qualities, ensuring its broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchanok Talapphet
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soon Huh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Moo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Zhou C, Sun DW, Ma J, Qin A, Tang BZ, Lin XR, Cao SL. Assembly-Induced Emission of Copper Nanoclusters: Revealing the Sensing Mechanism for Detection of Volatile Basic Nitrogen in Seafood Freshness On-Site Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6533-6547. [PMID: 38261539 PMCID: PMC10859926 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) is a vital indicator for assessing seafood freshness and edibility. Rapid on-site detection of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) is of significant importance for food safety monitoring. In this study, highly luminescent self-assembled copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs@p-MBA), synthesized using p-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA) as the ligand, were utilized for the sensitive detection of VBNs. Under acidic conditions, Cu NCs@p-MBA formed compact and well-organized nanosheets through noncovalent interactions, accompanied by intense orange fluorescence emission (651 nm). The benzene carboxylic acid part of Cu NCs@p-MBA provided the driving force for supramolecular assembly and exhibited a strong affinity for amines, particularly low-molecular-weight amines such as ammonia (NH3) and trimethylamine (TMA). The quantitative determination of NH3 and TMA showed the detection limits as low as 0.33 and 0.81 ppm, respectively. Cu NCs@p-MBA also demonstrated good responsiveness to putrescine and histamine. Through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the precise atomic structure, assembly structure, luminescent properties, and reaction processes of Cu NCs@p-MBA were studied, revealing the sensing mechanism of Cu NCs@p-MBA for highly sensitive detection of VBNs. Based on the self-assembled Cu NCs@p-MBA nanosheets, portable fluorescent labels were developed for semiquantitative, visual, and real-time monitoring of seafood freshness. Therefore, this study exemplified the high sensitivity of self-assembly induced emission (SAIE)-type Cu NCs@p-MBA for VBNs sensing, offering an efficient solution for on-site monitoring of seafood freshness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Zhou
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Food
Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture
and Food Science Centre, University College
Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ji Ma
- School
of Food Science and Engineering, South China
University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Academy
of Contemporary Food Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Engineering
and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent
Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province
Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment
for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher
Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced
Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced
Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced
Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and
Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Lin
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Shi-Lin Cao
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
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5
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Li Q, Dong M, Han Q, Zhang Y, Yang D, Wei D, Yang Y. Enhancing diabetic wound healing with a pH-responsive nanozyme hydrogel featuring multi-enzyme-like activities and oxygen self-supply. J Control Release 2024; 365:905-918. [PMID: 38092256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic wound treating remains a challenging due to bacterial infections, oxidative stress, tissue hypoxia, and high glucose levels. Herein, a multi-enzyme-like activities nanocomposite (Mo,Fe/Cu,I-Ag@GOx) was designed and anchored to a multifunctional fluorescence hydrogel. The nanozyme gel, loaded with glucose-oxidase (GOx), exhibits intrinsic GOx, peroxidase (POD)-, oxidase (OXD)-, catalase (CAT)- and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities with pH-switchable glucose-initiated cascade reaction for diabetic wound healing. In the first cascade-reaction, initiated by GOx, the nanozyme gel catalyzes glucose and O2 into gluconic acid and H2O2 to further generate superoxide anion radical (O2·-) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) to eradicate bacteria. In the second cascade-reaction, as the wound pH changes alkalescent microenvironment, the nanozyme gel simulates SOD to transform O2·- into O2 and H2O2, and then decomposes endogenous and exogenous H2O2 into O2 via CAT-like activity to reduce oxidative stress and alleviate hypoxia. The gel by calcium ion (Ca2+) cross-linked sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS) containing nanozyme was constructed with injectability, adhesion and fluorescence properties, as well as beneficial biocompatible. Importantly, the water/alcohol solubility of the nanozyme gel allows it to be used as a dressing without causing secondary injury to the wound. The multifunctional fluorescence hydrogel exhibits efficiently promote pro-angiogenesis and bacteria-infected wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulan Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Miaodan Dong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Qinqin Han
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Daqiao Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China.
| | - Yaling Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China.
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6
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Choi W, Jin B, Shin S, Do J, Son J, Kim K, Lee JS. Highly Sensitive Detection of Urea Using Si Electrolyte-Gated Transistor with Low Power Consumption. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050565. [PMID: 37232926 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate Si-based electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) for detecting urea. The top-down-fabricated device exhibited excellent intrinsic characteristics, including a low subthreshold swing (SS) (~80 mV/dec) and a high on/off current ratio (~107). The sensitivity, which varied depending on the operation regime, was analyzed with the urea concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 316 mM. The current-related response could be enhanced by reducing the SS of the devices, whereas the voltage-related response remained relatively constant. The urea sensitivity in the subthreshold regime was as high as 1.9 dec/pUrea, four times higher than the reported value. The extracted power consumption of 0.3 nW was extremely low compared to other FET-type sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyeong Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Jin
- Zhejiang RockerStone Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. (Defeng Electronic Technology), Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Seonghwan Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Do
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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7
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Sabarinathan D, Sharma AS, Murugavelu M, Kirubasankar B, Balusamy I, Han Z, Li H, Chen Q. Recent advances in the biomolecules mediated synthesis of nanoclusters for food safety analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15655. [PMID: 37153385 PMCID: PMC10160518 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of nanoclusters based on incorporating biomolecules like proteins, lipids, enzymes, DNA, surfactants, and chemical stabilizers creates a stable and high fluorescence bio-sensors promising future due to their high sensitivity, high level of detection and better selectivity. This review addresses a comprehensive and systematic overview of the recent development in synthesizing metal nanocluster by various strategized synthesis techniques. Significantly, the application of nanometal clusters for the detection of various food contaminants such as microorganisms, antibodies, drugs, pesticides, metal contaminants, amino acids, and other food flavors have been discussed briefly concerning the detection techniques, sensitivity, selectivity, and lower limit of detection. The review further gives a brief account on the future prospects in the synthesis of novel metal nanocluster-based biosensors, and their advantages, shortcomings, and potential perspectives toward their application in the field of food safety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Sabarinathan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Athenese Dx Pvt Ltd, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
- Corresponding author. Department of Food science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | | | - Marimuthu Murugavelu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | | | | | - Zhang Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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8
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Sharma P, Naithani S, Layek S, Kumar A, Rawat R, Kaja S, Nag A, Kumar S, Goswami T. Development of low-cost copper nanoclusters for highly selective "turn-on" sensing of Hg 2+ ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 297:122697. [PMID: 37071963 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of low-cost earth abundant metal based fluorescent sensors for a rapid and selective nanomolar level detection of Hg2+ is essential due to the increasing world-wide concern of its detrimental effect on humans as well as the environment. Herein, we present a perylene tetracarboxylic acid functionalized copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) based "turn-on" fluorescence probe for highly selective detection of toxic Hg2+ ions. The fabricated CuNCs exhibited high photostability with emission maximum centered at 532 nm (λex = 480 nm). The fluorescence intensity of CuNCs was remarkably enhanced upon the addition of Hg2+ over other competing ions and neutral analytes. Notably, the 'turn-on' fluorescence response exhibits highly sensitive detection limit as low as 15.9 nM (S/N ∼ 3). The time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy suggested the energy transfer between CuNCs and Hg2+ ions following either inhibited fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or surface modification of CuNCs during Hg2+ sensing. This study offers the systematic design and development of new fluorescent 'turn-on' nanoprobes for rapid and selective recognition of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudhanshu Naithani
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Samar Layek
- Department of Physics, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Reema Rawat
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sravani Kaja
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad 5000078, India
| | - Amit Nag
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad 5000078, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Tapas Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
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9
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Wang D, Gao X, Ren X, Zhang B, Zou G. Surface-Defect-Involved and Eye-Visible Electrochemiluminescence of Unary Copper Nanoclusters for Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4155-4161. [PMID: 36781377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A single-stabilizer-capped strategy is proposed for achieving highly efficient and surface-defect-involved electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from unary copper nanoclusters (NCs) via employing l-cysteine (Cys) as a capping agent of luminophore. The Cys-capped CuNCs (Cys-CuNCs) can be electrochemically injected with valence band (VB) holes and exhibit eye-touchable ECL processes around +0.95 and +1.15 V upon employing TPrA as a coreactant. Both accumulated ECL spectra and spooling ECL spectra demonstrated that the two ECL processes are of the same single waveband and spectrally identical to each other with the same maximum emission wavelength of 640 nm. Promisingly, ECL of the Cys-CuNCs/TPrA system is obviously red-shifted for ∼150 nm to PL of Cys-CuNCs, indicating that the bandgap-engineered routes for ECLs of Cys-CuNCs are completely blocked. The oxidative-reduction ECL process of the Cys-CuNCs/TPrA system is a kind of highly efficient, eye-visible, and single-color emission in surface-defect-involved route. The capping agent of Cys can enable the CuNCs/TPrA system with a stronger ECL than other thiol capping agents, so that Cys-CuNCs are utilized as ECL tags for sensitive and selective immunoassays, which exhibit a wide linear response range from 0.05 pg/mL to 0.5 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.01 pg/mL (S/N = 3) with carcinoembryonic antigen as the analyte. Moreover, both the luminophore Cys-CuNCs and conjugates Ab2-CuNCs can be safely stored in aqueous media without any protector, which is promising for the evolution and clinic application of metal NC ECL in the surface-defect-involved route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guizheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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10
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Shen J, Fan Z. Ce 3+-induced Fluorescence Amplification of Copper Nanoclusters Based on Aggregation-induced Emission for Specific Sensing 2,6-pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:135-144. [PMID: 36301441 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward, cost-effective and biocompatible reduction approach was applied to fabricate soluble but non-luminous glutathione-stabilized copper nanocluster (GSH-CuNCs). Surprisingly, as high as 1 × 103 times fluorescence enhancement was acquired when Ce3+ was injected at an extremely low concentration of only 18 µM. Ce3+ outperformed other rare-earth metal ions in terms of inducing fluorescence amplification of the non-luminous GSH-CuNCs. Furthermore, Ce3+ was employed as inducer for aggregation-induce emission (AIE) effect as well as reactant to coordinate with target of 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (DPA) due to the stronger coordination ability between Ce3+ and DPA than that of Ce3+ and GSH. As a result, the Ce3+/GSH-CuNCs ensemble was developed as a novel sensor to detect DPA in the "on-off" mode. When DPA was introduced into the sensor, Ce3+ failed to interact with GSH and detached from the surface of GSH-CuNCs, leading to fluorescence quenching. In addition, static quenching process and internal filtration effect (IFE) between Ce3+/GSH-CuNCs and DPA were also responsible for fluorescence quenching effect. A good linear relationship was obtained from 0.3 µM to 18 µM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.19 µM. The as-proposed probe displayed high specificity to DPA and provided a simple, fast rapid and cheap method for construction this type of ensemble sensors to detect other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Changzhi University, Changzhi, 046011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhefeng Fan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Pan Y, Han Z, Chen S, Wei K, Wei X. Metallic nanoclusters: From synthetic challenges to applications of their unique properties in food contamination detection. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Li Y, Zhao A, Wang J, Yu J, Xiao F, Sun H. Highly Bright Gold Nanowires Arrays for Sensitive Detection of Urea and Urease. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4023. [PMID: 36432310 PMCID: PMC9698401 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, highly fluorescent gold nanowire arrays (Au NWs) are successfully synthesized by assembling Zn2+ ions and non-emissive oligomeric gold-thiolate clusters using mercaptopropionic acid both as a reducing agent and a growth ligand. The synthesized Au NWs exhibited strong bluish green fluorescence with an absolute quantum yield up to 32% and possessed ultrasensitive pH stimuli-responsive performance in the range of 7.0-7.8. Based on the excellent properties of the as-prepared nanowire arrays, we developed a facile, sensitive, and selective fluorescent method for quantitative detection of urea and urease. The fabricated nanoprobe showed superior biosensing response characteristics with good linearities in the range of 0-100 μM for urea concentration and 0-12 U/L for urease activity. In addition, this fluorescent probe afforded relatively high sensitivity with the detection limit as low as 2.1 μM and 0.13 U/L for urea and urease, respectively. Urea in human urine and urease in human serum were detected with satisfied results, exhibiting a promising potential for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.S.)
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13
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Hu X, Tang J, Shen Y. Turn-on fluorescence determination of sulfide based on site-occupying modulation of MOF-copper nanocluster interaction. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:306. [PMID: 35915277 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A tunable interaction between Fe-MOFs (MIL-53(Fe) and kojic acid (KA)-functional copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) has been studied. When introducing MIL-53(Fe), the Fe-O bonds can be formed between the KA on the surface of Cu NCs and MIL-53(Fe), which will induce the electron transfer from Cu NCs to MIL-53(Fe) and fluorescence quenching of Cu NCs. By introducing S2- it occupies the Fe-site of MIL-53(Fe) and impede the interaction between Cu NCs and MIL-53(Fe), rendering a "turn-on" fluorescence signal. Thus, the KA-Cu NC/MIL-53(Fe) pair is designed as fluorescence sensing for S2-, which displays a low detection limit of 18.6 nM and a wide linear detection range from 0.05 to 5 µM by fitting the fluorescence intensity at maximum wavelength of 500 nm with excitation at 400 nm. It was also applied to monitor S2- in water samples and food additives with satisfactory results, demonstrating the practicability and reliability of the sensing strategy based on the tuable MOF-Cu NC interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse of Anhui Province, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jianshe Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse of Anhui Province, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yizhong Shen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Yin W, Zhang Y, Gu J, Wang T, Ma C, Zhu C, Li L, Yang Z, Zhu T, Chen G. Urea detection in milk by urease-assisted pH-sensitive carbon dots. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:10421-10428. [PMID: 34807053 DOI: 10.1364/ao.437787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive urea in milk will lead to serious health problems. To detect whether the urea concentration in milk exceeds the standard and ensure the quality of milk, it is necessary to develop detection technology for urea in milk. But it is difficult to detect urea in milk conveniently and accurately by traditional methods. To measure the concentration of urea in milk, stable green light carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized by a one-step method as a fluorescent probe. Then, 3, 5-diaminobenzoic acid was used as the precursor for CD synthesis. Experimental results showed that CDs can generate strong fluorescence when excited by light (350-450 nm). The fluorescence peak wavelength is 490 nm, and the optimum excitation wavelength is 390 nm. The fluorescence intensity of CDs has a significant change with variations of pH (pH of 6-9), and the higher the pH, the lower the fluorescence intensity. Additionally, urea can be hydrolyzed by urease to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia is ionized in water to produce OH-, which increases the pH of the solution. After adding standard urea to milk, urease and CDs are added. The fluorescence intensity of CDs in the mixed solution decreases as the concentration of standard added urea increases. Thus the concentration of urea in milk can be calculated. The experimental results show that the CD method for detecting urea in milk has advantages of high sensitivity and wide measurement range. The linear interval is 25-500 mg/L, R2 is 0.998, and the limit of detection is 6.27 mg/L. The concentration of urea in the milk used in the experiment is 265.46 mg/L. CDs are easy to fabricate, and the advantages of the method are simple operation, no pretreatment, safety, and low cost. A new method for the detection of urea in milk was established, to the best of our knowledge, and this method can aid in food quality control.
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Yin JH, Liu M, Meng L, Tan ND, Xu N. Synthesis of water-soluble, ultrabright Cu nanoclusters with core-shell structure via facile reduction approach for determination of 4-nitrophenol. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:035601. [PMID: 34348244 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1a95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we reported a facile reduction approach for fabrication of water-soluble and ultrabright Cu nanoclusters with core-shell structure. A certain amount of reducing agent as NaBH4was introduced into the polyethyleneimine-stabilized Cu nanoclusters (CuNCs@PEI) system, which exhibited 4-fold fluorescence enhancement along with a blue shift of the emission peak. The variations of morphology, valence states and functional groups demonstrated that a Cu shell was formed surround CuNCs (defined as CuNCs-Cu@PEI), attributable to metal complex (PEI-Cu+and PEI-Cu2+) reduction. The effect of core-shell morphology on luminous and electron relaxation mechanism of CuNCs-Cu@PEI was investigated via temperature-dependent steady and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The CuNCs-Cu@PEI with a high fluorescence quantum yields of 22.59% were able to homogeneously disperse in aqueous phase, indicating their potential applications in biological labeling, sensing and invivoimaging. Finally, the CuNCs-Cu@PEI was employed as a fluorescence probe to determine 4-nitrophenol, of which the detection limit was much lower than initial CuNCs@PEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hang Yin
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxuan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Meng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Di Tan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
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16
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Water-soluble luminescent gold nanoclusters reduced and protected by histidine for sensing of barbaloin and temperature. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Chen S, Lv X, Shen J, Pan S, Jiang Z, Xiao Y, Wen G. Sensitive Aptamer SERS and RRS Assays for Trace Oxytetracycline Based on the Catalytic Amplification of CuNCs. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102501. [PMID: 34684942 PMCID: PMC8541458 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the determination of oxytetracycline (OTC) has been established by coupling the catalytic amplification reaction of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with the aptamer reaction. CuNCs prepared by a wet chemical method have the catalytic activity for the formation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) resulting from a HAuCl4-ethanol (En) reaction. The experimental results showed that OTC aptamer (Apt) can be adsorbed on the surface of CuNCs in a non-specific way, thus inhibiting its catalytic activity. When OTC was added to the solution, the OTC-Apt complex was generated by a specific reaction, which made the CuNCs desorb and restore their catalytic activity. With the increase of OTC, the recovery of the catalytic activity of CuNCs is strengthened, the reaction speed is accelerated, and the number of AuNPs is increased. The generated AuNPs exhibited surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals at 1615 cm−1 in the presence of Vitoria blue 4R (VB4R) molecular probes, and a resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 586 nm. There is a good linear relationship between the intensities of SERS, or RRS, and OTC concentration at the range of 37.5–300 ng/L or 37.5–225 ng/L, respectively. A new SERS and RRS assay for the determination of trace OTC based on the regulation of CuNCs catalysis was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaowen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jifan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Siqi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guiqing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China; (S.C.); (X.L.); (J.S.); (S.P.); (Z.J.); (Y.X.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin 541004, China
- Correspondence:
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Li Y, Xi W, Hussain I, Chen M, Tan B. Facile preparation of silver nanocluster self-assemblies with aggregation-induced emission by equilibrium shifting. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14207-14213. [PMID: 34477702 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission is a promising pathway to get high photoluminescence from metal nanocluster assemblies. The self-assembly of metal nanoclusters with regular morphologies can restrict the rotation and vibration modes of capping ligands, reduce nanoclusters' non-radiative decay, and finally result in an aggregation-induced strong emission. In this study, silver nanocluster self-assemblies stabilized by thiosalicylic acid (TSA) were prepared in water by equilibrium shifting, which exhibit nanofiber-like morphologies. The resulting silver nanocluster self-assemblies exhibit aggregation-induced emission in solid or aggregated state with a decent quantum yield i.e., 13.05%. The obtained silver nanocluster self-assemblies were thoroughly characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). These silver nanocluster self-assemblies with high photoluminescence in aggregated state may have potential use in light emitting devices and bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Li
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Smartphone-assisted point-of-care colorimetric biosensor for the detection of urea via pH-mediated AgNPs growth. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1170:338630. [PMID: 34090590 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Smartphone-assisted point-of-care (POC) bioassay has brought a giant leap in personal healthcare system and environmental monitoring advancements. In this study, we developed a rapid and reliable colorimetric urea biosensor assisted by a smartphone. We employed hydrolysis of urea into NH3 by urease, which activates the reduction power of tannic acid, to generate silver nanoparticles for a dramatic colorimetric response. The proposed urea biosensor was validated in a solution to provide high selectivity against various interferents in human urine. It had high sensitivity, with a limit of detection as low as 0.0036 mM, and a high reliability of 99% ± 2.9% via the standard addition method. The urea biosensor was successfully implanted on a paper to facilitate smartphone-assisted POC readout with a limit of detection of 0.58 mM and wide detection range of 500 mM, whereby direct diagnosis of human urine without dilution was realized. Our smartphone-assisted POC colorimetric urea biosensor will pave the way for daily monitoring systems of renal and hepatic dysfunction diseases.
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20
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Zhu G, Hu H, Yang T, Ma J, Zhang S, He X. Synthesis of highly stable fluorescent poly(methacrylic acid- co-itaconic)-protected silver nanoclusters and sensitive detection of Cu 2. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20720-20724. [PMID: 35479378 PMCID: PMC9034000 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03109k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable fluorescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) were synthesized through one-step UV photoreduction using the multiple carboxyl copolymer poly(methacrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) P(MAA-co-IA) as a novel template. The fluorescence lifetime and the quantum yield of the obtained AgNCs were 1.84 ns and 8.9% in an aqueous solution, respectively. Owing to the multiple carboxyls of the protective P(MAA-co-IA) template, the obtained AgNCs have excellent advantages such as good dispersity, and high stability, which make them suitable for highly sensitive and selective detection of Cu2+ by fluorescence quenching. A good linear relationship exists between the degree of fluorescence quenching for silver nanoclusters and Cu2+ concentration ranging from 0 to 10 μM. The limit of detection (LOD) is 6.36 nM. The result implies that the as-synthesized AgNCs show great potential in the analysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Hanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Junjun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Sanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Xiaohua He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
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21
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Hu X, Cao H, Dong W, Tang J. Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of ethanol based on copper nanoclusters with tunable dual emission. Talanta 2021; 233:122480. [PMID: 34215108 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) have attracted a surge of interest in fluorescent sensors as their outstanding physicochemical and optical properties. However, most of the reports have focused on single-signal fluorescent sensors, which are susceptible to background interferences and affect accuracy of the results. Herein, we constructed a facile ratiometric fluorescent sensor for monitoring ethanol based on Cu NCs with tunable dual emission. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-modified Cu NCs were simply prepared in water, which exhibit ratiometric dual emission, including a strong green emission at 520 nm and a weak blue emission at 450 nm. The PVP-Cu NCs in water with strong green emission display monodisperse state due to the formation of hydration shell around Cu NCs. In ethanol where the hydration shell is destructed, Cu NCs tend to aggregate and show strong blue emission. This emission shift might attribute to the enhancement of Cu-Cu metallophilic interaction with the aggregation of Cu NCs, which induces the excited-state level increasing. Thus, a ratiometric fluorescent probe for ethanol based on the PVP-Cu NCs is fabricated, which possesses rapid response (<1 min), and realize full-range detection from 0 to 100%. In addition, this ratiometric probe is successfully applied to determine the alcohol strength of alcohol beverages, demonstrating the great potential in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse of Anhui Province, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Haiyan Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Chongqing Inorganic Special Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China
| | - Wenfei Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Chongqing Inorganic Special Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, China
| | - Jianshe Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse of Anhui Province, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
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22
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Baghdasaryan A, Bürgi T. Copper nanoclusters: designed synthesis, structural diversity, and multiplatform applications. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6283-6340. [PMID: 33885518 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08489a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (MNCs) have gained tremendous research interest in recent years due to their extraordinary properties. The molecular-like properties that originate from the quantized electronic states provide novel opportunities for the construction of unique nanomaterials possessing rich molecular-like absorption, luminescence, and magnetic properties. The field of monolayer-protected metal nanoclusters, especially copper, with well-defined molecular structures and compositions, is relatively new, about two to three decades old. Nevertheless, the massive progress in the field illustrates the importance of such nanoobjects as promising materials for various applications. In this respect, nanocluster-based catalysts have become very popular, showing high efficiencies and activities for the catalytic conversion of chemical compounds. Biomedical applications of clusters are an active research field aimed at finding better fluorescent contrast agents, therapeutic pharmaceuticals for the treatment and prevention of diseases, the early diagnosis of cancers and other potent diseases, especially at early stages. A huge library of structures and the compositions of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with atomic precisions have already been discovered during last few decades; however, there are many concerns to be addressed and questions to be answered. Hopefully, in future, with the combined efforts of material scientists, inorganic chemists, and computational scientists, a thorough understanding of the unique molecular-like properties of metal nanoclusters will be achieved. This, on the other hand, will allow the interdisciplinary researchers to design novel catalysts, biosensors, or therapeutic agents using highly structured, atomically precise, and stable CuNCs. Thus, we hope this review will guide the reader through the field of CuNCs, while discussing the main achievements and improvements, along with challenges and drawbacks that one needs to face and overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Baghdasaryan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Shao C, Xiong S, Cao X, Zhang C, Luo T, Liu G. Dithiothreitol-capped red emitting copper nanoclusters as highly effective fluorescent nanoprobe for cobalt (II) ions sensing. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lim T, Kim T, Suk JW. Activated Graphene Deposited on Porous Cu Mesh for Supercapacitors. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11040893. [PMID: 33807356 PMCID: PMC8065784 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A porous Cu (P-Cu) mesh was used as a current collector and its morphological effect on the supercapacitor performance was investigated. A porous surface was obtained by thermally annealing the Cu mesh using ammonia gas. Hierarchically porous activated graphene (AG) with a high specific surface area (SSA) was deposited on the P-Cu mesh using electrophoretic deposition, aided by graphene oxide (GO). GO was thermally converted to electrically conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The AG/rGO that was deposited on the P-Cu mesh achieved a high specific capacitance of up to 140.0 F/g and a high energy density of up to 3.11 Wh/kg at a current density of 2 A/g in 6 m KOH aqueous electrolyte. The high SSA of AG and the porous surface morphology of the Cu mesh allowed efficient electric double-layer formation and charge transport. This work offers an alternative to improve supercapacitors by combining a porous metallic current collector with porous AG.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeGyeong Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - TaeYoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Ji Won Suk
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
- Department of Smart Fab. Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Qu F, Chen Y, Jiang D, Zhao XE. pH-modulated aggregation-induced emission of Au/Cu nanoclusters and its application to the determination of urea and dissolved ammonia. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:113. [PMID: 33677619 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescence platform is designed based on aggregation-induced emission of Au/Cu nanoclusters (Au/Cu NCs) driven by pH value. When pH increases from 6.0 to 7.0, Au/Cu NCs change from aggregation to dispersion, accompanied by the oxidation of Cu cores. Under the catalysis of urease, urea is hydrolysed to release ammonia, which further undergoes a hydrolysis reaction to produce OH-, causing the pH to increase. The fluorescence of Au/Cu NCs quenches linearly at 590 nm with the excitation wavelength at 320 nm when the concentration of urea varies from 5.0 to 100 μM. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of urea are 2.23 and 7.45 μM, respectively. Combined with headspace single-drop microextraction technology, Au/Cu NCs are employed to monitor dissolved ammonia with low-cost and simple operation. The linear range of dissolved ammonia is from 20 to 300 μM. The LOD and LOQ of dissolved ammonia are 7.04 and 23.4 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the intra-day and inter-day precision of urea are 2.4-3.0% and 3.0-3.7%, respectively, and those of dissolved ammonia are in the range 3.4-5.1% (intra-day precision) and 4.2-5.8% (inter-day precision). No interferences have been indentified in the determination of urea and dissolved ammonia. Finally, the proposed method has been applied to determine urea in human urine samples and dissolved ammonia in water samples with satisfactory results.Graphical abstract The pH increase produces the dispersion and decomposition of Au/Cu NCs, leading to the fluorescence quenching. Both urea and dissolved ammonia are detected successfully because they cause the pH change to alkaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Dafeng Jiang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Testing, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xian-En Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
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MU J, YANG JL, ZHANG DW, JIA Q. Progress in Preparation of Metal Nanoclusters and Their Application in Detection of Environmental Pollutants. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(21)60082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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27
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Sheng Y, Huang Z, Zhong Q, Deng H, Lai M, Yang Y, Chen W, Xia X, Peng H. Size-focusing results in highly photoluminescent sulfur quantum dots with a stable emission wavelength. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2519-2526. [PMID: 33475113 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07251f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) are a new kind of functional nanomaterial, but several challenges still exist in relation to their synthesis and application, such as low-yield and time-consuming synthetic methods, low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), and the non-selectivity of their detection mechanisms. Herein, we report the drastic enhancement of the fluorescence performance of water-soluble SQDs via the one-pot synthesis of size-focusing QDs using ultrasound microwave radiation. The synthetic period has been greatly shortened to 2 h via the present process. Notably, the proposed SQDs exhibit a highly stable emission wavelength with a record high PLQY of 58.6%. The mechanistic study indicates that size-focusing is a key factor relating to the proposed high-performance SQDs. As they also have robust stability, the proposed SQDs show a wide range of potential applications. Inspired by the characteristic properties of the SQDs and specific analytes, a simple SQD-based fluorescence sensing platform, via a redox-reaction-mediated mechanism, has been successfully developed for the rapid and selective detection of Ce(iv). In addition, this system has been effectively applied to some Ce(iv)-related biological assays, such as ascorbic acid (AA) analysis. This work is an important breakthrough in the SQD field, opening up avenues for solving the challenging problems relating to SQD-based probes, enriching the fundamental understanding of them, and greatly extending their applications, especially in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Sheng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Zhongnan Huang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Qi Zhong
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Haohua Deng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Mingchun Lai
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Xinghua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huaping Peng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
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Wu XM, Zhang JH, Feng ZS, Chen WX, Zhang F, Li Y. An ultra-sensitive "turn-off" fluorescent sensor for the trace detection of rifampicin based on glutathione-stabilized copper nanoclusters. Analyst 2020; 145:1227-1235. [PMID: 31898707 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01994d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rifampicin is a common antibiotic used in human and veterinary medicine to treat tuberculosis and other diseases caused by numerous pathogenic bacteria. However, the excessive or improper use of rifampicin usually leads to a series of problems, including bacterial resistance, excessive drug-resistance and water pollution. Thus, it is of great importance to develop selective and sensitive assays for monitoring rifampicin in biological systems. In this study, we designed a fluorescence "turn-off" strategy for the trace detection of rifampicin based on a glutathione-stabilized copper nanoclusters (GSH-Cu NC) sensor. In an aqueous solution, the fluorescence of the GSH-Cu NCs at 632 nm can be quenched effectively and selectively by rifampicin due to the inner-filter effect (IFE) of fluorescence mechanism. Distinctively, this GSH-Cu NC sensor exhibited excellent fluorescence sensing capability for the trace detection of rifampicin with a very low limit of detection (LOD) of 16 pM in a wide linear range from 50 to 10 000 pM. It is not only more sensitive than the other methods previously reported for the detection of rifampicin, but also has an outstanding selectivity and strong anti-interference in complex samples. Furthermore, the as-developed GSH-Cu NCs were also successfully applied to determine rifampicin in different real samples with quantitative spike recoveries ranging from 97% to 105%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Man Wu
- Tianjin Key laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
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29
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Ascorbic acid stabilized copper nanoclusters as fluorescent probes for selective detection of tetracycline. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Facile Synthesis of Ultrastable Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters and Their Cellular Imaging Application. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091678. [PMID: 32859115 PMCID: PMC7558839 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) are generally formed by several to dozens of atoms. Because of wide range of raw materials and cheap prices, Cu NCs have attracted scientists’ special attention. However, Cu NCs tend to undergo oxidation easily. Thus, there is a dire need to develop a synthetic protocol for preparing fluorescent Cu NCs with high QY and better stability. Herein, we report a one-step method for preparing stable blue-green fluorescent copper nanoclusters using glutathione (GSH) as both a reducing agent and a stabilizing agent. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) were used to characterize the resulting Cu NCs. The as-prepared Cu NCs@GSH possess an ultrasmall size (2.3 ± 0.4 nm), blue-green fluorescence with decent quantum yield (6.2%) and good stability. MTT results clearly suggest that the Cu NCs@GSH are biocompatible. After incubated with EB-labeled HEK293T cells, the Cu NCs mainly accumulated in nuclei of the cells, suggesting that the as-prepared Cu NCs could potentially be used as the fluorescent probe for applications in cellular imaging.
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31
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Li Q, Li Y, Li H, Yan X, Han G, Chen F, Song Z, Zhang J, Fan W, Yi C, Xu Z, Tan B, Yan W. Highly Luminescent Copper Nanoclusters Stabilized by Ascorbic Acid for the Quantitative Detection of 4-Aminoazobenzene. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1531. [PMID: 32759865 PMCID: PMC7466603 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As one of the widely studied metal nanoclusters, the preparation of copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) by a facile method with high fluorescence performance has been the interest of researchers. In this paper, a simple, green, clean, and time-saving chemical etching method was used to synthesize water-soluble Cu NCs using ascorbic acid (AA) as the reducing agent. The as-prepared Cu NCs showed strong green fluorescence (with a quantum yield as high as 33.6%) and high ion stability, and good antioxidant activity as well. The resultant Cu NCs were used for the detection of 4-aminoazobenzene (one of 24 kinds of prohibited textile compounds) in water with a minimum detection limit of 1.44 μM, which has good potential for fabric safety monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yunhao Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Heguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institution of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Y.); (G.H.)
| | - Xiaoshan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institution of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Y.); (G.H.)
| | - Guolin Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institution of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China; (X.Y.); (G.H.)
| | - Feng Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Jianqiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Wen Fan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Changfeng Yi
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Wei Yan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (F.C.); (Z.S.); (W.F.); (C.Y.); (Z.X.)
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Deng HH, Zhuang QQ, Huang KY, Balasubramanian P, Lin Z, Peng HP, Xia XH, Chen W. Solid-state thiolate-stabilized copper nanoclusters with ultrahigh photoluminescence quantum yield for white light-emitting devices. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15791-15799. [PMID: 32729883 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03640d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As a new emerging candidate for solid-state phosphors, copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) have gained tremendous interest in the field of white light-emitting devices (WLEDs). However, their further applications are impeded by the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and poor emission color tunability of CuNCs. This work demonstrates the synthesis of cyan and orange emitting CuNCs, and their combination as color conversion phosphors in WLEDs. The cyan and orange emitting CuNCs were prepared employing 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole (MMI) and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), respectively, as stabilizing-cum-reducing agents. The dispersions of MMI-CuNCs and NAC-CuNCs are weakly emissive. However, after processing into powders, they both possess ultrahigh PLQYs (45.2% for MMI-CuNCs, and 64.6% for NAC-CuNCs) owing to the effect of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). All-CuNC based WLEDs are then designed and developed using powdered MMI-CuNC and NAC-CuNC samples on commercially available 365 nm GaN LED chips. They display acceptable white light characteristics with a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinate value and color rendering index of (0.26, 0.30) and 83, respectively. We believe that these cost-effective and eco-friendly CuNCs with interesting AIE properties will vigorously promote the development of high-quality WLEDs for commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hua Deng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Qiong-Qiong Zhuang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Kai-Yuan Huang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Paramasivam Balasubramanian
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Zhen Lin
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Hua-Ping Peng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
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33
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Copper nanoclusters@Al3+ complexes with strong and stable aggregation-induced emission for application in enzymatic determination of urea. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:457. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04438-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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An Y, Ren Y, Bick M, Dudek A, Hong-Wang Waworuntu E, Tang J, Chen J, Chang B. Highly fluorescent copper nanoclusters for sensing and bioimaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 154:112078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Lai WF, Wong WT, Rogach AL. Development of Copper Nanoclusters for In Vitro and In Vivo Theranostic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906872. [PMID: 31975469 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics refers to the incorporation of therapeutic and diagnostic functions into one material system. An important class of nanomaterials exploited for theranostics is metal nanoclusters (NCs). In contrast to gold and silver NCs, copper is an essential trace element for humans. It can be more easily removed from the body. This, along with the low cost of copper that offers potential large-scale nanotechnology applications, means that copper NCs have attracted great interest in recent years. The latest advances in the design, synthesis, surface engineering, and applications of copper NCs in disease diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment are reviewed. Strategies to control and enhance the emission of copper NCs are considered. With this synopsis of the up-to-date development of copper NCs as theranostic agents, it is hoped that insights and directions for translating current advances from the laboratory to the clinic can be further advanced and accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Fu Lai
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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36
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Maity S, Bain D, Patra A. An overview on the current understanding of the photophysical properties of metal nanoclusters and their potential applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22685-22723. [PMID: 31774095 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07963g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photophysics of atomically precise metal nanoclusters (MNCs) is an emerging area of research due to their potential applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics, sensing, bio-imaging and catalysis. An overview of the recent advances in the photophysical properties of MNCs is presented in this review. To begin with, we illustrate general synthesis methodologies of MNCs using direct reduction, chemical etching, ligand exchange, metal exchange and intercluster reaction. Due to strong quantum confinement, the NCs possess unique electronic properties such as discrete optical absorption, intense photoluminescence (PL), molecular-like electron dynamics and non-linear optical behavior. Discussions have also been carried out to unveil the influence of the core size, nature of ligands, heteroatom doping, and surrounding environments on the optical absorption and photophysical properties of metal clusters. Recent findings reveal that the excited-state dynamics, nonlinear optical properties and aggregation induced emission of metal clusters offer exciting opportunities for potential applications. We discuss briefly about their versatile applications in optoelectronics, sensing, catalysis and bio-imaging. Finally, the future perspective of this research field is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Maity
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Dipankar Bain
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - Amitava Patra
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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37
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Fluorescent hydrogel test kit coordination with smartphone: Robust performance for on-site dimethoate analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 145:111706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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38
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Recent progress in copper nanocluster-based fluorescent probing: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:670. [PMID: 31489488 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) are an attractive alternative to other metal nanoclusters. The synthesis of CuNCs is highly efficient and fast, with low-cost and without any complicated manipulation. Because of their tunable fluorescence and low toxicity, CuNCs have been highly exploited for biochemical sensing. This review (with 172 refs.) summarizes the progress that has been made in the field in the past years. Following an introduction into the fundamentals of CuNCs, the review first focuses on synthetic methods and the fluorescence properties of CuNCs (with subsections on the use of proteins, peptides, DNA and other molecules as templates). This is followed by a section on the use of CuNCs in fluorometric assays, with subsections on the detection of small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, various other biomolecules including drugs, and of pH values. A further large chapter summarizes the work related to environmental analyses, specifically on determination of metal ions, anions and pollutants. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of the synthesis and potential applications of copper nanocluster (CuNCs) in biochemical analysis, emphatically reflected in some vital areas such as small molecule analysis, biomacromolecule monitoring, cell imaging, ions detection, toxic pollutant, etc.
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39
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Su L, Yu X, Miao Y, Mao G, Dong W, Feng S, Liu S, Yang L, Zhang K, Zhang H. Alkaline-promoted regulation of the peroxidase-like activity of Ni/Co LDHs and development bioassays. Talanta 2019; 197:181-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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40
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Li Y, Feng L, Yan W, Hussain I, Su L, Tan B. PVP-templated highly luminescent copper nanoclusters for sensing trinitrophenol and living cell imaging. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:1286-1294. [PMID: 30603761 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07142j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) exhibit susceptibility to oxidation in the subnanometer size range. In this work, a facile and green protocol is reported for the successful synthesis of water soluble CuNCs, with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) as a template and ascorbic acid as a mild reducing agent. The as-prepared CuNCs exhibit a green fluorescence and high quantum yield (QY = 44.67%) in water, which is the highest among the reported water soluble CuNCs. The origin of their highly luminescent nature was also investigated. In addition, the obtained CuNCs show good tolerability to high ionic strength, superior antioxidation properties, good photostability, time-stability, a large Stokes shift and ultralow cytotoxicity, laying the foundation for living cell imaging in THP-1 macrophages. A bright green fluorescence can be observed from the cells, indicating the potential practicality of CuNCs as a fluorescence marker in bioapplications. Interestingly, the as-prepared CuNCs exhibit a good selective fluorescence quenching response towards trinitrophenol over other nitro compounds. Furthermore, CuNCs were employed for sensing trinitrophenol based on the inner filter effect. A good linear relationship was obtained in the low concentration range of trinitrophenol, with a limit of detection of 3.91 × 10-7 M in aqueous medium. This result suggests the potential application of CuNCs as a probe in sensing and monitoring toxic trinitrophenol in the field of environmental security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Li
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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41
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Sahu DK, Sarkar P, Singha D, Sahu K. Protein-activated transformation of silver nanoparticles into blue and red-emitting nanoclusters. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39405-39409. [PMID: 35540637 PMCID: PMC9076107 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06774d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein capping can trigger nanoparticle to nanocluster transformation at elevated pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillip Kumar Sahu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781039
- India
| | - Priyanka Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781039
- India
| | - Debabrata Singha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781039
- India
| | - Kalyanasis Sahu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Guwahati 781039
- India
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42
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Bain D, Maity S, Patra A. Opportunities and challenges in energy and electron transfer of nanocluster based hybrid materials and their sensing applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5863-5881. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the recent advances of luminescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) for their potential applications in healthcare and energy-related materials because of their high photosensitivity, thermal stability, low toxicity, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Bain
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Subarna Maity
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Amitava Patra
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
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43
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Shi F, Shang D, Wang Z. An rGQD/chitosan nanocomposite-based pH-sensitive probe: application to sensing in urease activity assays. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We used the intriguing pH-responsive protonation/deprotonation transitions of chitosan and the fluorescence properties of reduced graphene quantum dots to design a novel pH probe and realize the real-time monitoring of urease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanping Shi
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Shandong 266071
- P. R. China
| | - Danyi Shang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian
- China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Shandong 266071
- P. R. China
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44
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Li D, Wang G, Cheng L, Wang C, Mei X. Engineering the Self-Assembly Induced Emission of Copper Nanoclusters as 3D Nanomaterials with Mesoporous Sphere Structures by the Crosslinking of Ce 3. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14755-14765. [PMID: 31458150 PMCID: PMC6643740 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission has provided fluorescence enhancement strategies for metal nanoclusters. However, the morphology of the aggregated nanoclusters tended to be irregular due to the random aggregated route, which would result in the formation of an unstable product. Herein, copper nanoclusters were directly synthesized by using l-cysteine as both the reducing and protection ligand. Initially, the structure of the product was irregular. Furthermore, Ce3+ was introduced to re-arrange the aggregates through a crosslinking avenue. It was interesting to find that well-ordered three-dimensional nanomaterials with mesoporous sphere structures were obtained after re-aggregation. On the basis of the stability test at a relatively high temperature and the light-emitting diode fabrication investigation, it revealed that the regulated product demonstrated more promising stability and color purity for practical applications than the random aggregated product with irregular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department
of Basic Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department
of Basic Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department
of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated
to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key
Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Functional Material, University
of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Xifan Mei
- Department
of Basic Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
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45
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Yao D, He Z, Wen G, Liang A, Jiang Z. A facile and highly sensitive resonance Rayleigh scattering-energy transfer method for urea using a fullerene probe. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29008-29012. [PMID: 35539694 PMCID: PMC9084328 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05269g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Under ultrasound conditions, a deep yellow fullerene (C60) colloid was prepared, which exhibits two resonance Rayleigh scattering peaks at 385 nm and 530 nm. Urea was reacted with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) to produce 4,5-dimethyl-2-imidazole ketone (DIK), in the presence of stabilizer thiosemicarbazone (TSC). Resonance Rayleigh scattering energy transfer (RRS-ET) was shown to occur between the donor fullerene and acceptor DIK due to an overlap of the DIK absorption and fullerene RRS peaks. Upon an increase in the urea concentration, the RRS-ET was enhanced and the RRS intensity decreased. The decreased RRS intensity was linear to the urea concentration in the range of 6.66–333.00 nmoL L−1, with a detection limit of 2.0 nmoL L−1. Accordingly, a new and simple RRS-ET method was established for detecting trace levels of urea in foods, with satisfactory results. Under ultrasound conditions, a deep yellow fullerene (C60) colloid was prepared, which exhibits two resonance Rayleigh scattering peaks at 385 nm and 530 nm.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Zining He
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Guiqing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Aihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
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46
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Bu X, Fu Y, Jin H, Gui R. Specific enzymatic synthesis of 2,3-diaminophenazine and copper nanoclusters used for dual-emission ratiometric and naked-eye visual fluorescence sensing of choline. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03927e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a novel biosensor for dual-emission ratiometric and visual fluorescence detection of choline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Bu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile
- The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory
- Qingdao University
| | - Yongxin Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile
- The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory
- Qingdao University
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile
- The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory
- Qingdao University
| | - Rijun Gui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials
- Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile
- The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory
- Qingdao University
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47
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Chen M, Wu W, Chen Y, Pan Q, Chen Y, Zheng Z, Zheng Y, Huang L, Weng S. A fluorescent sensor constructed from nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N-CDs) for pH detection in synovial fluid and urea determination. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41432-41438. [PMID: 35559313 PMCID: PMC9091950 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N-CDs) with pH-dependent properties were prepared from citric acid (CA), glutathione (GSH), and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) using a two-step pyrolytic route. The N-CDs showed stable and strong emission bands at approximately 455 nm under 350 nm excitation. Moreover, the fluorescence of N-CDs can be gradually decreased by gradually increasing the pH value. A good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of N-CDs and the pH range of 3.0–9.0 was obtained. Thus, the response mechanism of N-CDs to pH was systematically investigated. N-CDs possessed –NH2, –COOH, and –CONH– as active functional groups, which allowed the variable protonation/deprotonation of N-CDs to regulate the fluorescence emission intensities under changed pH values. Furthermore, upon combining urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea with increased pH values, a simple but effective fluorescence assay for urea was developed. The analytical performance for urea detection was the linear range of 0 to 10 mM with a detection limit of 0.072 mM. Additionally, the fluorescent sensor based on N-CDs was successfully applied for pH detection in synovial fluid and urea determination in serum. Blue luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N-CDs) with pH-dependent properties were prepared from citric acid (CA), glutathione (GSH), and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) using a two-step pyrolytic route.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Fuzhou 350001
- China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
- Fuzhou 350001
- China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350122
- China
| | - Qingqing Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350122
- China
| | | | | | - Yanjie Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350122
- China
| | - Liying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350122
- China
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou 350122
- China
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