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Machová Urdzíková L, Mareková D, Vasylyshyn T, Matouš P, Patsula V, Oleksa V, Shapoval O, Vosmanská M, Liebl D, Benda A, Herynek V, Horák D, Jendelová P. Toxicity of Large and Small Surface-Engineered Upconverting Nanoparticles for In Vitro and In Vivo Bioapplications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5294. [PMID: 38791332 PMCID: PMC11121289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, spherical or hexagonal NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles (UCNPs) with sizes of 25 nm (S-UCNPs) and 120 nm (L-UCNPs) were synthesized by high-temperature coprecipitation and subsequently modified with three kinds of polymers. These included poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-2-aminoethylacrylamide) [P(DMA-AEA)] terminated with an alendronate anchoring group, and poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic acid) (PMVEMA). The internalization of nanoparticles by rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) and C6 cancer cells (rat glial tumor cell line) was visualized by electron microscopy and the cytotoxicity of the UCNPs and their leaches was measured by the real-time proliferation assay. The comet assay was used to determine the oxidative damage of the UCNPs. An in vivo study on mice determined the elimination route and potential accumulation of UCNPs in the body. The results showed that the L- and S-UCNPs were internalized into cells in the lumen of endosomes. The proliferation assay revealed that the L-UCNPs were less toxic than S-UCNPs. The viability of rMSCs incubated with particles decreased in the order S-UCNP@Ale-(PDMA-AEA) > S-UCNP@Ale-PEG > S-UCNPs > S-UCNP@PMVEMA. Similar results were obtained in C6 cells. The oxidative damage measured by the comet assay showed that neat L-UCNPs caused more oxidative damage to rMSCs than all coated UCNPs while no difference was observed in C6 cells. An in vivo study indicated that L-UCNPs were eliminated from the body via the hepatobiliary route; L-UCNP@Ale-PEG particles were almost eliminated from the liver 96 h after intravenous application. Pilot fluorescence imaging confirmed the limited in vivo detection capabilities of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Machová Urdzíková
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.U.); (D.M.)
| | - Dana Mareková
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.U.); (D.M.)
| | - Taras Vasylyshyn
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (V.P.); (V.O.); (O.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Petr Matouš
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Vitalii Patsula
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (V.P.); (V.O.); (O.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Viktoriia Oleksa
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (V.P.); (V.O.); (O.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Oleksandr Shapoval
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (V.P.); (V.O.); (O.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Magda Vosmanská
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - David Liebl
- Imaging Methods Core Facility, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 25250 Vestec-Jesenice u Prahy, Czech Republic; (D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Aleš Benda
- Imaging Methods Core Facility, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 25250 Vestec-Jesenice u Prahy, Czech Republic; (D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.V.); (V.P.); (V.O.); (O.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Pavla Jendelová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.U.); (D.M.)
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Schroter A, Hirsch T. Control of Luminescence and Interfacial Properties as Perspective for Upconversion Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306042. [PMID: 37986189 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) light is highly suitable for studying biological systems due to its minimal scattering and lack of background fluorescence excitation, resulting in high signal-to-noise ratios. By combining NIR light with lanthanide-based upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), upconversion is used to generate UV or visible light within tissue. This remarkable property has gained significant research interest over the past two decades. Synthesis methods are developed to produce particles of various sizes, shapes, and complex core-shell architectures and new strategies are explored to optimize particle properties for specific bioapplications. The diverse photophysics of lanthanide ions offers extensive possibilities to tailor spectral characteristics by incorporating different ions and manipulating their arrangement within the nanocrystal. However, several challenges remain before UCNPs can be widely applied. Understanding the behavior of particle surfaces when exposed to complex biological environments is crucial. In applications where deep tissue penetration is required, such as photodynamic therapy and optogenetics, UCNPs show great potential as nanolamps. These nanoparticles can combine diagnostics and therapeutics in a minimally invasive, efficient manner, making them ideal upconversion probes. This article provides an overview of recent UCNP design trends, highlights past research achievements, and outlines potential future directions to bring upconversion research to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schroter
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Zhu H, Ding X, Wang C, Cao M, Yu B, Cong H, Shen Y. Preparation of rare earth-doped nano-fluorescent materials in the second near-infrared region and their application in biological imaging. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1947-1972. [PMID: 38299679 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01987j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging (FLI) has gained widespread interest in the biomedical field because of its advantages of high sensitivity and high penetration depth. In particular, rare earth-doped nanoprobes (RENPs) have shown completely different physical and chemical properties from macroscopic substances owing to their unique size and structure. This paper reviews the synthesis methods and types of RENPs for NIR-II imaging, focusing on new methods to enhance the luminous intensity of RENPs and multi-band imaging and multi-mode imaging of RENPs in biological applications. This review also presents an overview of the challenges and future development prospects based on RENPs in NIR-II regional bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetong Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Xin Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Mengyu Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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Ling H, Guan D, Wen R, Hu J, Zhang Y, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Liu Q. Effect of Surface Modification on the Luminescence of Individual Upconversion Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309035. [PMID: 38234137 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) hold promise for single-molecule imaging owing to their excellent photostability and minimal autofluorescence. However, their limited water dispersibility, often from the hydrophobic oleic acid ligand during synthesis, is a challenge. To address this, various surface modification strategies' impact on single-particle upconversion luminescence are studied. UCNPs are made hydrophilic through methods like ligand exchange with dye IR806, HCl or NOBF4 treatment, silica coating (SiO2 or mesoporous mSiO2 ), and self-assembly with polymer of DSPE-PEG or F127. The studies revealed that UCNPs modified with NOBF4 and DSPE-PEG exhibited notably higher single-particle brightness with minimal quenching (3% and 8%, respectively), followed by SiO2 , F127, IR806, mSiO2 , and HCl (84% quenching). HCl disrupted UCNPs's crystal lattice, weakening luminescence, while mSiO2 absorbed solvent molecules, causing luminescence quenching. Energy transfer to IR806 also reduced the brightness. Additionally, a prevalence of upconversion red emission over green is observed, with the red-to-green ratio increasing with irradiance. UCNPs coated with DSPE-PEG exhibited the brightest single-particle luminescence in water, retaining 48% of its original emission due to a lower critical micelle concentration and superior water protection. In summary, the investigation provides valuable insights into the role of surface chemistry on UCNPs at the single-particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ling
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Daoming Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Rongrong Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jialing Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Opoku-Damoah Y, Zhang R, Ta HT, Xu ZP. Simultaneous Light-Triggered Release of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide from a Lipid-Coated Upconversion Nanosystem Inhibits Colon Tumor Growth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38038959 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Gas therapy has gained noteworthy attention in biomedical research, with the rise of gas-releasing molecules enhancing their therapeutic potential, especially when integrated into nano-based drug delivery systems. Herein, we present a lipid-coated gas delivery system to simultaneously shuttle two gas-releasing molecules carrying nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), respectively. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are designed to generate photons at 360 nm upon 808 nm of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. These in situ-generated UV photons trigger simultaneous NO and CO release from S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and the CO-releasing molecule (CORM), respectively, which are coloaded into lipid-coated UCNP/GSNO/CORM/FA nanoparticles (LUGCF). LUGCF with a GSNO/CORM mass ratio of 2:1 is determined to be optimal in terms of synergistically instigating apoptosis in HCT116 and CT26 colon cancer cells, where both NO/CO are released and subsequent production of ROS are detected. This CO/NO combination nanoplatform exhibits a very effective inhibition of colon tumor growth in vivo at relatively low doses upon a mild 808 nm irradiation. Overall, we effectively integrated two therapeutic gas-releasing molecules in one NIR-responsive nanosystem, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy for future biomedical applications in dual-gas cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Opoku-Damoah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hang T Ta
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Yao B, Liu X, Zhang W, Lu H. X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles for deep photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv 2023; 13:30133-30150. [PMID: 37849702 PMCID: PMC10577683 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04984a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a non-invasive treatment, has received wide attention because of its high selectivity and low side effects. However, traditional PDT is influenced by the excitation light source and the light penetration depth is limited, which can only be used for superficial epidermal tumor treatment, and it is still a great challenge for deep tumor treatment. In recent years, X-ray excitation photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) using penetrating X-rays as an external excitation source and X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles (XLNP) as an energy transfer medium to indirectly excite photosensitizer (PS) has solved the problem of insufficient penetration depth in tissues and become a research hotspot in the field of deep tumor treatment. In this review, the recent research progress of nanoparticles for efficient X-PDT, listing different types of XLNP and luminescence enhancement strategies. The loading method of PS is highlighted to achieve efficient energy transfer by regulating the intermolecular distance between both XLNP/PS. In addition, the water-soluble modification of XLNP surface is discussed and different hydrophilic modification methods are proposed to provide reference ideas for improving the dispersibility and biocompatibility of XLNP in aqueous solution. Finally, the therapeutic effects about X-PDT are discussed, and the current challenges and future perspectives for its clinical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xian 710021 China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, The Fourth Military Medical University 169th Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xian 710021 China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, The Fourth Military Medical University 169th Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
| | - Hongbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, The Fourth Military Medical University 169th Changle West Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710032 China
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Chemical and Colloidal Stability of Polymer-Coated NaYF 4:Yb,Er Nanoparticles in Aqueous Media and Viability of Cells: The Effect of a Protective Coating. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032724. [PMID: 36769046 PMCID: PMC9917078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are of particular interest in nanomedicine for in vivo deep-tissue optical cancer bioimaging due to their efficient cellular uptake dependent on polymer coating. In this study, particles, ca. 25 nm in diameter, were prepared by a high-temperature coprecipitation of lanthanide chlorides. To ensure optimal dispersion of UCNPs in aqueous milieu, they were coated with three different polymers containing reactive groups, i.e., poly(ethylene glycol)-alendronate (PEG-Ale), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-2-aminoethylacrylamide)-alendronate (PDMA-Ale), and poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic acid) (PMVEMA). All the particles were characterized by TEM, DLS, FTIR, and spectrofluorometer to determine the morphology, hydrodynamic size and ξ-potential, composition, and upconversion luminescence. The degradability/dissolution of UCNPs in water, PBS, DMEM, or artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) was evaluated using an ion-selective electrochemical method and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The dissolution that was more pronounced in PBS at elevated temperatures was decelerated by polymer coatings. The dissolution in DMEM was relatively small, but much more pronounced in ALF. PMVEMA with multiple anchoring groups provided better protection against particle dissolution in PBS than PEG-Ale and PDMA-Ale polymers containing only one reactive group. However, the cytotoxicity of the particles depended not only on their ability to rapidly degrade, but also on the type of coating. According to MTT, neat UCNPs and UCNP@PMVEMA were toxic for both rat cells (C6) and rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs), which was in contrast to the UCNP@Ale-PDMA particles that were biocompatible. On the other hand, both the cytotoxicity and uptake of the UCNP@Ale-PEG particles by C6 and rMSCs were low, according to MTT assay and ICP-MS, respectively. This was confirmed by a confocal microscopy, where the neat UCNPs were preferentially internalized by both cell types, followed by the UCNP@PMVEMA, UCNP@Ale-PDMA, and UCNP@Ale-PEG particles. This study provides guidance for the selection of a suitable nanoparticle coating with respect to future biomedical applications where specific behaviors (extracellular deposition vs. cell internalization) are expected.
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Malhotra K, Fuku R, Kumar B, Hrovat D, Van Houten J, Piunno PAE, Gunning PT, Krull UJ. Unlocking Long-Term Stability of Upconversion Nanoparticles with Biocompatible Phosphonate-Based Polymer Coatings. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7285-7293. [PMID: 36067362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Achieving long-term (>3 months) colloidal stability of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in biologically relevant buffers has been a major challenge, which has severely limited practical implementation of UCNPs in bioimaging and nanomedicine applications. To address this challenge, nine unique copolymers formulations were prepared and evaluated as UCNP overcoatings. These polymers consisted of a poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PIMA) backbone functionalized with different ratios and types of phosphonate anchoring groups and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) moieties. The syntheses were done as simple, one-pot nucleophilic addition reactions. These copolymers were subsequently coated onto NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ UCNPs, and colloidal stability was evaluated in 1 × PBS, 10 × PBS, and other buffers. UCNP colloidal stability improved (up to 4 months) when coated with copolymers containing greater proportions of anchoring groups and higher phosphonate valences. Furthermore, small molecules could be conjugated to these overcoated UCNPs by use of copper-free click chemistry, as was done to demonstrate suitability for sensor and bioprobe development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Malhotra
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Richard Fuku
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Balmiki Kumar
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - David Hrovat
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
- Gunning Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Justin Van Houten
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Paul A E Piunno
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Patrick Thomas Gunning
- Gunning Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
| | - Ulrich J Krull
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6
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Wang Z, Delille F, Bartier S, Pons T, Lequeux N, Louis B, Kim J, Gacoin T. Zwitterionic Polymers toward the Development of Orientation-Sensitive Bioprobes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10512-10519. [PMID: 35979644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics with an orientational degree of freedom are fundamental in biological events. Probes with polarized luminescence enable a determination of the orientation. Lanthanide-doped nanocrystals can provide more precise analysis than quantum dots due to the nonphotoblinking/bleaching nature and the multiple line-shaped emission. However, the intrinsic polarization property of the original nanocrystals often deteriorates in complex physiological environments because the colloidal stability easily breaks and the probes aggregate in the media with abundant salts and macromolecules. Engineering the surface chemistry of the probes is thus essential to be compatible with biosystems, which has remained a challenging task that should be exclusively addressed for each specific probe. Here, we demonstrate a facile and efficient surface functionalization of lanthanide-doped nanorods by zwitterionic block copolymers. Due to the steric interaction and the intrinsic zwitterionic nature of the polymers, high colloidal stability of the zwitterionic nanorod suspension is achieved over wide ranges of pH and concentration of salts, even giving rise to the lyotropic liquid crystalline behavior of the nanorods in physiological media. The shear-aligned ability is shown to be unaltered by the coated polymers, and thus, the strongly polarized emission of Eu3+ is preserved. Besides, biological experiments reveal good biocompatibility of the zwitterionic nanorods with negligible nonspecific binding. This study is a stepping stone for the use of the nanorods as orientation probes in biofluids and validates the strategy of coupling zwitterions to lanthanide-doped nanocrystals for various bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wang
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Fanny Delille
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Materiaux, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Bartier
- Université Paris Est Créteil, IMRB, INSERM, CNRS, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Thomas Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Materiaux, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lequeux
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Materiaux, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- Université Paris Est Créteil, IMRB, INSERM, CNRS, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Jongwook Kim
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Thierry Gacoin
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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Li Y, Chen M, Fan X, Peng J, Pan L, Tu K, Chen Y. Sandwich fluorometric method for dual-role recognition of Listeria monocytogenes based on antibiotic-affinity strategy and fluorescence quenching effect. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Bağda E, Kızılyar Y, İnci ÖG, Ghaffarlou M, Barsbay M. One-pot modification of oleate-capped UCNPs with AS1411 G-quadruplex DNA in a fully aqueous medium. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang L, Cao C, Kaushik N, Lai RY, Liao J, Wang G, Ariotti N, Jin D, Stenzel MH. Controlling the Biological Behaviors of Polymer-Coated Upconverting Nanoparticles by Adjusting the Linker Length of Estrone Ligands. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2572-2585. [PMID: 35584062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The estrone ligand is used for modifying nanoparticle surfaces to improve their targeting effect on cancer cell lines. However, to date, there is no common agreement on the ideal linker length to be used for the optimum targeting performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of poly(poly ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMEMA) linker length on the cellular uptake behavior of polymer-coated upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). Different triblock terpolymers, poly(poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-block-polymethacrylic acid-block-polyethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (PPEGMEMAx-b-PMAAy-b-PEGMP3: x = 7, 15, 33, and 80; y = 16, 20, 18, and 18), were synthesized with different polymer linker chain lengths between the surface and the targeting ligand by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The estrone ligand was attached to the polymer via specific terminal conjugation. The cellular association of polymer-coated UCNPs with linker chain lengths was evaluated in MCF-7 cells by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the bioactivity of ligand modification is dependent on the length of the polymer linker. The shortest polymer PPEGMEMA7-b-PMAA16-b-PEGMP3 with estrone at the end of the polymer chain was found to have the best cellular association behavior in the estrogen receptor (ER)α-positive expression cell line MCF-7. Additionally, the anticancer drug doxorubicin•HCl was encapsulated in the nanocarrier to evaluate the 2D and 3D cytotoxicity. The results showed that estrone modification could efficiently improve the cellular uptake in ERα-positive expression cell lines and in 3D spheroid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng Cao
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Kaushik
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Y Lai
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jiayan Liao
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guannan Wang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2006 New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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13
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Goryacheva OA, Wegner KD, Sobolev AM, Häusler I, Gaponik N, Goryacheva IY, Resch-Genger U. Influence of particle architecture on the photoluminescence properties of silica-coated CdSe core/shell quantum dots. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4427-4439. [PMID: 35303136 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Light-emitting nanoparticles like semiconductor nanocrystals (termed quantum dots, QDs) are promising candidates for biosensing and bioimaging applications based on their bright and stable photoluminescent properties. As high-quality QDs are often synthesized in organic solvents, strategies needed to be developed to render them water-dispersible without affecting their optical properties and prevent changes in postmodification steps like the biofunctionalization with antibodies or DNA. Despite a large number of studies on suitable surface modification procedures, the preparation of water-soluble QDs for nanobiotechnology applications still presents a challenge. To highlight the advantages of surface silanization, we systematically explored the influence of the core/multishell architecture of CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs and the silanization conditions on the optical properties of the resulting silanized QDs. Our results show that the optical properties of silica-coated CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs are best preserved in the presence of a thick CdS (6 monolayers (ML)) intermediate shell, providing a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), and a relatively thick ZnS (4.5 ML) external shell, effectively shielding the QDs from the chemical changes during silica coating. In addition to the QD core/shell architecture, other critical parameters of the silica-coating process, that can have an influence on the optical properties of the QD, include the choice of the surfactant and its concentration used for silica coating. The highest PL QY of about 46% was obtained by a microemulsion silica-coating procedure with the surfactant Brij L4, making these water-dispersible QDs to well-suited optical reporters in future applications like fluorescence immunoassays, biomedicine, and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia. .,Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - K David Wegner
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksandr M Sobolev
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia.,Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Häusler
- AG Strukturforschung/Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut Für Physik, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Gaponik
- Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Irina Y Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012, Saratov, Russia
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Lu E, Pichaandi J, Rastogi CK, Winnik MA. Effect of Excess Ligand on the Reverse Microemulsion Silica Coating of NaLnF 4 Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3316-3326. [PMID: 35231171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silica coating of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is widely employed as a means of providing colloidal stability in aqueous media and surface functionality for a variety of applications, particularly in biology. When the NPs are synthesized with a surface coating of an organic surfactant like oleic acid, silica coating is performed by using the reverse microemulsion method. There are many reports in the literature of the successful application of this method to NaYF4 upconversion NPs (doped with Yb and Er), and we have used this method to coat NaHoF4 NPs designed as a mass cytometry reagent. This method failed when we attempted to apply it to other NaLnF4 NPs (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tb). In this report we describe an investigation of the problem and show how it can be overcome. To control size in the synthesis of NaLnF4 NPs and at the same time maintain size uniformity, it is necessary to adjust the Na/F and F/Ln ratios. Problems with silica coating are associated with substoichiometric F/Ln ratios (F/Ln < 4) that leave Ln oleate salts as a byproduct, often as a phase-separated oily layer that could not be purified from the NPs by precipitation with ethanol and redispersion in hexanes. The nature of the oily byproduct was inferred from a combination of TGA, NMR, and FTIR measurements. We explored five different additional purification procedures, and by adopting the appropriate purification method, NaLnF4 NPs with a variety of compositions and synthesized using different reaction conditions could be coated with a thin shell of silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | - Chandresh Kumar Rastogi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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15
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Hlaváček A, Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Kostiv U, Brandmeier JC, Horák D, Skládal P, Foret F, Gorris HH. Bioconjugates of photon-upconversion nanoparticles for cancer biomarker detection and imaging. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:1028-1072. [PMID: 35181766 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in histological samples and blood is of paramount importance for clinical diagnosis. Current methods are limited in terms of sensitivity, hindering early detection of disease. We have overcome the shortcomings of currently available staining and fluorescence labeling methods by taking an integrative approach to establish photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as a powerful platform for cancer detection. These nanoparticles are readily synthesized in different sizes to yield efficient and tunable short-wavelength light emission under near-infrared excitation, which eliminates optical background interference of the specimen. Here we present a protocol for the synthesis of UCNPs by high-temperature co-precipitation or seed-mediated growth by thermal decomposition, surface modification by silica or poly(ethylene glycol) that renders the particles resistant to nonspecific binding, and the conjugation of streptavidin or antibodies for biological detection. To detect blood-based biomarkers, we present an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay for the analog and digital detection of the cancer marker prostate-specific antigen. When applied to immunocytochemistry analysis, UCNPs enable the detection of the breast cancer marker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with a signal-to-background ratio 50-fold higher than conventional fluorescent labels. UCNP synthesis takes 4.5 d, the preparation of the antibody-silica-UCNP conjugate takes 3 d, the streptavidin-poly(ethylene glycol)-UCNP conjugate takes 2-3 weeks, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay takes 2-4 d and immunocytochemistry takes 8-10 h. The procedures can be performed after standard laboratory training in nanomaterials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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16
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Engineered lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles for biosensing and bioimaging application. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:109. [PMID: 35175435 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Various fluctuations of intracellular ions, biomolecules, and other conditions in the physiological environment play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes. These factors are of great importance for analysis in biomedical detection. Nevertheless, developments of the simple, rapid, and accurate proof for specific detection still encounter major challenges. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which could absorb multiple low-energy near-infrared light (NIR) photon excitation and emits high-energy photons caused by anti-Stokes shift, show unique upconversion luminescence (UCL) properties, for example, sharp emission band, high physicochemical stability like near-zero photobleaching, photo blinking in biological tissues, and long luminescence lifetime. Furthermore, the NIR used for the light source to excite UCNPs enable lower photo-damage effect and deeper penetration of tissue, and in the meantime, it can avoid the auto-fluorescence and light scattering from biological tissue interference. Thus, the lanthanide-doped UCNP-based functional platform with controlled structure, crystalline phase, size, and multicolor emission has become an appropriate nanomaterial for bioapplications such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug release, and therapies. In this review, the recent progress about synthesis and biomedical applications of UCNPs related to sensing and bioimaging is summarized. Firstly, the different luminescence mechanisms of the upconversion process are presented. Secondly, four of the most common methods for synthesizing UCNPs are compared as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these synthetic routes. Meanwhile, the surface modification of lanthanide-doped UCNPs was introduced to pave the way for their biochemistry applications. Next, this review detailed the biological applications of lanthanide-doped UCNPs, particularly in bioimaging, including UCL and multi-modal imaging and biosensing (monitoring intracellular ions and biomolecules). Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in materials science and biomedical fields of UCNPs are concluded: the low quantum yield of the upconversion process should be considered when they are executed as imaging contrast agents. And the biosafety of lanthanide-doped UCNPs needs to be evaluated.
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17
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Kurowska I, Amouroux B, Langlais M, Coutelier O, Coudret C, Destarac M, Marty JD. Versatile thiolactone-based conjugation strategies to polymer stabilizers for multifunctional upconverting nanoparticles aqueous dispersions. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2238-2247. [PMID: 35080566 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05548h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We describe here a new methodology for the synthesis of well-defined phosphonic acid-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and RAFT-derived poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) by amine-thiol-ene and amine-thiol-thiosulfonate conjugation strategies using a phosphonated thiolactone and their use to prepare stable, water-dispersible multifunctional upconverting luminescent nanohybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kurowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1k, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1k, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Baptiste Amouroux
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
| | - Marvin Langlais
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
| | - Olivier Coutelier
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
| | - Christophe Coudret
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
| | - Mathias Destarac
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
| | - Jean-Daniel Marty
- IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Cedex, 9 31062, France.
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18
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Kaur M, Mandl GA, Maurizio SL, Tessitore G, Capobianco JA. On the photostability and luminescence of dye-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles using modified IR820 dyes. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:608-618. [PMID: 36132705 PMCID: PMC9419735 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00710f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dye sensitization is a promising route to enhance luminescence from lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles (LnUCNPs) by improving the photon harvesting capability of LnUCNPs through the use of dye molecules, characterized by higher absorption coefficients. The literature does not fully address the poor photostability of NIR dyes, hindering solution-based applications. The improvements achieved by dye-sensitized LnUCNPs are usually obtained by comparison with non-dye sensitized LnUCNPs. This comparison results in exciting the LnUCNPs at different wavelengths with respect to the dye-sensitized LnUCNPs or at the same wavelengths, where, however, the non-dye sensitized LnUCNPs do not absorb. Both these comparisons are hardly conclusive for a quantification of the improvements achieved by dye-sensitization. Both shortcomings were addressed by studying the photodegradation via thorough spectroscopic evaluations of a 4-nitrothiophenol-modified and unmodified IR820-LnUCNP system. The modified IR820 dye system exhibits a 200% enhancement in the emission of NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+/NaGdF4:Yb3+ nanoparticles relative to the unmodified IR820-sensitized LnUCNPs and emits for over twice the duration, demonstrating a substantial improvement over previous dye-LnUCNP systems. Upconversion dynamics between the dyes and Er3+ establish the importance of back-transfer dynamics in modulating the dye-LnUCNP luminescence. Quantum yield measurements further illustrate the mechanism of sensitization and increased efficiency of this new nanosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannu Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Gabrielle A Mandl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Steven L Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Gabriella Tessitore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - John A Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada
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19
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Chen Y, Shimoni O, Huang G, Wen S, Liao J, Duong HTT, Maddahfar M, Su QP, Ortega DG, Lu Y, Campbell DH, Walsh BJ, Jin D. Upconversion nanoparticle-assisted single-molecule assay for detecting circulating antigens of aggressive prostate cancer. Cytometry A 2021; 101:400-410. [PMID: 34585823 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and quantitative detection of molecular biomarkers is crucial for the early diagnosis of diseases like metabolic syndrome and cancer. Here we present a single-molecule sandwich immunoassay by imaging the number of single nanoparticles to diagnose aggressive prostate cancer. Our assay employed the photo-stable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as labels to detect the four types of circulating antigens in blood circulation, including glypican-1 (GPC-1), leptin, osteopontin (OPN), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as their serum concentrations indicate aggressive prostate cancer. Under a wide-field microscope, a single UCNP doped with thousands of lanthanide ions can emit sufficiently bright anti-Stokes' luminescence to become quantitatively detectable. By counting every single streptavidin-functionalized UCNP which specifically labeled on each sandwich immune complex across multiple fields of views, we achieved the Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.0123 ng/ml, 0.2711 ng/ml, 0.1238 ng/ml, and 0.0158 ng/ml for GPC-1, leptin, OPN and VEGF, respectively. The serum circulating level of GPC-1, leptin, OPN, and VEGF in a mixture of 10 healthy normal human serum was 25.17 ng/ml, 18.04 ng/ml, 11.34 ng/ml, and 1.55 ng/ml, which was within the assay dynamic detection range for each analyte. Moreover, a 20% increase of GPC-1 and OPN was observed by spiking the normal human serum with recombinant antigens to confirm the accuracy of the assay. We observed no cross-reactivity among the four biomarker analytes, which eliminates the false positives and enhances the detection accuracy. The developed single upconversion nanoparticle-assisted single-molecule assay suggests its potential in clinical usage for prostate cancer detection by monitoring tiny concentration differences in a panel of serum biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Olga Shimoni
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guan Huang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jiayan Liao
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hien T T Duong
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Maddahfar
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Gallego Ortega
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yanling Lu
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Minomic International Ltd, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Douglas H Campbell
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Minomic International Ltd, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bradley J Walsh
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Minomic International Ltd, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- UTS-SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Zhang L, Jin D, Stenzel MH. Polymer-Functionalized Upconversion Nanoparticles for Light/Imaging-Guided Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3168-3201. [PMID: 34304566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The strong upconversion luminescence (UCL) of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) endows the nanoparticles with attractive features for combined imaging and drug delivery. UCNPs convert near-infrared (NIR) light into light of shorter wavelengths such as light in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible regions, which can be used for light-guided drug delivery. Although light-responsive drug delivery systems as such have been known for many years, their application in medicine is limited, as strong UV-light can be damaging to tissue; moreover, UV light will not penetrate deeply into the skin, an issue that UCNPs can now address. However, UCNPs, as obtained after synthesis, are usually hydrophobic and require further surface functionalization to be stable in plasma. Polymers can serve as versatile surface coatings, as they can provide good colloidal stability, prevent the formation of a protein corona, provide a matrix for drugs, and be stimuli-responsive. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of the most recent progress in the synthesis of UCNPs with different shapes/sizes. We will then discuss the purpose of polymer coating for drug delivery before summarizing the strategies to coat UCNPs with various polymers. We will introduce the different polymers that have so far been used to coat UCNPs with the purpose to create a drug delivery system, focusing in detail on light-responsive polymers. To expand the application of UCNPs to allow photothermal therapy or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or to simply enhance the loading capacity of drugs, UCNPs were often combined with other materials to generate multifunctional nanoparticles such as carbon-based NPs and nanoMOFs. We then conclude with a discussion on drug loading and release and summarize the current knowledge on the toxicity of these polymer-coated UCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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21
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Kostiv U, Natile MM, Jirák D, Půlpánová D, Jiráková K, Vosmanská M, Horák D. PEG-Neridronate-Modified NaYF 4:Gd 3+,Yb 3+,Tm 3+/NaGdF 4 Core-Shell Upconverting Nanoparticles for Bimodal Magnetic Resonance/Optical Luminescence Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:14420-14429. [PMID: 34124464 PMCID: PMC8190901 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles are attracting extensive interest as a multimodal imaging tool. In this work, we report on the synthesis and characterization of gadolinium-enriched upconverting nanoparticles for bimodal magnetic resonance and optical luminescence imaging. NaYF4:Gd3+,Yb3+,Tm3+ core upconverting nanoparticles were obtained by a thermal coprecipitation of lanthanide oleate precursors in the presence of oleic acid as a stabilizer. With the aim of improving the upconversion emission and increasing the amount of Gd3+ ions on the nanoparticle surface, a 2.5 nm NaGdF4 shell was grown by the epitaxial layer-by-layer strategy, resulting in the 26 nm core-shell nanoparticles. Both core and core-shell nanoparticles were coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-neridronate (PEG-Ner) to have stable and well-dispersed upconverting nanoparticles in a biological medium. FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis indicated the presence of ∼20 wt % of PEG-Ner on the nanoparticle surface. The addition of inert NaGdF4 shell resulted in a total 26-fold enhancement of the emission under 980 nm excitation and also affected the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times. Both r 1 and r 2 relaxivities of PEG-Ner-modified nanoparticles were much higher compared to those of non-PEGylated particles, thus manifesting their potential as a diagnostic tool for magnetic resonance imaging. Together with the enhanced luminescence efficiency, upconverting nanoparticles might represent an efficient probe for bimodal in vitro and in vivo imaging of cells in regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and/or photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uliana Kostiv
- Department
of Polymer Particles, Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, Prague 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Maria Natile
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, National
Research Council (CNR) and Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Radiodiagnostic
and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague 4, Prague 140 21, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Health Studies, Technical University
of Liberec, Studentská
1402/2, Liberec 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Půlpánová
- Faculty
of Health Studies, Technical University
of Liberec, Studentská
1402/2, Liberec 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Jiráková
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, Prague 10, Prague 100 00, Czech Republic
| | - Magda Vosmanská
- University
of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Department
of Polymer Particles, Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6, Prague 162 06, Czech Republic
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22
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Kumar B, Malhotra K, Fuku R, Van Houten J, Qu GY, Piunno PA, Krull UJ. Recent trends in the developments of analytical probes based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Maddahfar M, Wen S, Hosseinpour Mashkani SM, Zhang L, Shimoni O, Stenzel M, Zhou J, Fazekas de St Groth B, Jin D. Stable and Highly Efficient Antibody-Nanoparticles Conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1146-1155. [PMID: 34011146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Functional ligands and polymers have frequently been used to yield target-specific bio-nanoconjugates. Herein, we provide a systematic insight into the effect of the chain length of poly(oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate) (POEGMEA) containing polyethylene glycol on the colloidal stability and antibody-conjugation efficiency of nanoparticles. We employed Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) to design diblock copolymers composed of 7 monoacryloxyethyl phosphate (MAEP) units and 6, 13, 35, or 55 OEGMEA units. We find that when the POEGMEA chain is short, the polymer cannot effectively stabilize the nanoparticles, and when the POEGMEA chain is long, the nanoparticles cannot be efficiently conjugated to antibody. In other words, the majority of the carboxylic groups in larger POEGMEA chains are inaccessible to further chemical modification. We demonstrate that the polymer containing 13 OEGMEA units can effectively bind up to 64% of the antibody molecules, while the binding efficiency drops to 50% and 0% for the polymer containing 35 and 55 OEGMEA units. Moreover, flow cytometry assay statistically shows that about 9% of the coupled antibody retained its activity to recognize B220 biomarkers on the B cells. This work suggests a library of stabile, specific, and bioactive lanthanide-doped nanoconjugates for flow cytometry and mass cytometry application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Maddahfar
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseinpour Mashkani
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry/Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) University of New South Wales Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Olga Shimoni
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Martina Stenzel
- School of Chemistry/Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) University of New South Wales Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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24
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Peltomaa R, Benito-Peña E, Gorris HH, Moreno-Bondi MC. Biosensing based on upconversion nanoparticles for food quality and safety applications. Analyst 2021; 146:13-32. [PMID: 33205784 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01883j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Food safety and quality regulations inevitably call for sensitive and accurate analytical methods to detect harmful contaminants in food and to ensure safe food for the consumer. Both novel and well-established biorecognition elements, together with different transduction schemes, enable the simple and rapid analysis of various food contaminants. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic nanocrystals that convert near-infrared light into shorter wavelength emission. This unique photophysical feature, along with narrow emission bandwidths and large anti-Stokes shift, render UCNPs excellent optical labels for biosensing because they can be detected without optical background interferences from the sample matrix. In this review, we show how this exciting technique has evolved into biosensing platforms for food quality and safety monitoring and highlight recent applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Peltomaa
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
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25
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Shan X, Wang F, Wang D, Wen S, Chen C, Di X, Nie P, Liao J, Liu Y, Ding L, Reece PJ, Jin D. Optical tweezers beyond refractive index mismatch using highly doped upconversion nanoparticles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:531-537. [PMID: 33603239 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers are widely used in materials assembly1, characterization2, biomechanical force sensing3,4 and the in vivo manipulation of cells5 and organs6. The trapping force has primarily been generated through the refractive index mismatch between a trapped object and its surrounding medium. This poses a fundamental challenge for the optical trapping of low-refractive-index nanoscale objects, including nanoparticles and intracellular organelles. Here, we report a technology that employs a resonance effect to enhance the permittivity and polarizability of nanocrystals, leading to enhanced optical trapping forces by orders of magnitude. This effectively bypasses the requirement of refractive index mismatch at the nanoscale. We show that under resonance conditions, highly doping lanthanide ions in NaYF4 nanocrystals makes the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti factor approach its asymptotic limit, thereby achieving a maximum optical trap stiffness of 0.086 pN μm-1 mW-1 for 23.3-nm-radius low-refractive-index (1.46) nanoparticles, that is, more than 30 times stronger than the reported value for gold nanoparticles of the same size. Our results suggest a new potential of lanthanide doping for the optical control of the refractive index of nanomaterials, developing the optical force tag for the intracellular manipulation of organelles and integrating optical tweezers with temperature sensing and laser cooling7 capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Shan
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Dejiang Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chaohao Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiangjun Di
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peng Nie
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Liao
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lei Ding
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter J Reece
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- UTS-SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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26
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Zhang L, Chen C, Tay SS, Wen S, Cao C, Biro M, Jin D, Stenzel MH. Optimizing the Polymer Cloak for Upconverting Nanoparticles: An Evaluation of Bioactivity and Optical Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16142-16154. [PMID: 33787198 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to convert low-energy near-infrared (NIR) light into high-energy visible-ultraviolet light has resulted in their development as novel contrast agents for biomedical imaging. However, UCNPs often succumb to poor colloidal stability in aqueous media, which can be conquered by decorating the nanoparticle surface with polymers. The polymer cloak, therefore, plays an instrumental role in ensuring good stability in biological media. This study aims to understand the relationship between the length and grafting density of the polymer shell on the physicochemical and biological properties of these core-shell UCNPs. Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate block ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (PPEGMEMAn-b-PEGMP3) with different numbers of PEGMEMA repeating units (26, 38, and 80) was prepared and attached to the UCNPs via the phosphate ligand of the poly(ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate) (PEGMP) block at different polymer densities. The in vitro and in vivo protein corona, cellular uptake in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) models, and in vivo biodistribution in mice were evaluated. Furthermore, the photoluminescence of single-polymer-coated UCNPs was compared in solid state and cancer cells using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Our results showed that the bioactivity and luminescence properties are chain length and grafting density dependent. The UCNPs coated with the longest PPEGMEMA chain, grafted at low brush density, were able to reduce the formation of the protein corona in vitro and in vivo, while these UCNPs also showed the brightest upconversion luminescence in the solid state. Moreover, these particular polymer-coated UCNPs showed enhanced cellular uptake, extended in vivo blood circulation time, and more accumulation in the liver, brain, and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW, Australia
| | - Chaohao Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Szun S Tay
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW, Australia
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Cheng Cao
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW, Australia
| | - Maté Biro
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052 NSW, Australia
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27
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Mei S, Zhou J, Sun H, Cai Y, Sun L, Jin D, Yan C. Networking State of Ytterbium Ions Probing the Origin of Luminescence Quenching and Activation in Nanocrystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003325. [PMID: 33747733 PMCID: PMC7967042 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
At the organic-inorganic interface of nanocrystals, electron-phonon coupling plays an important but intricate role in determining the diverse properties of nanomaterials. Here, it is reported that highly doping of Yb3+ ions within the nanocrystal host can form an energy-migration network. The networking state Yb3+ shows both distinct Stark splitting peak ratios and lifetime dynamics, which allows quantitative investigations of quenching and thermal activation of luminescence, as the high-dimensional spectroscopy signatures can be correlated to the attaching and de-attaching status of surface molecules. By in-situ surface characterizations, it is proved that the Yb-O coordination associated with coordinated water molecules has significantly contributed to this reversible effect. Moreover, using this approach, the prime quencher -OH can be switched to -CH in the wet-chemistry annealing process, resulting in the electron-phonon coupling probability change. This study provides the molecular level insights and dynamics of the surface dark layer of luminescent nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Mei
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South Wales2007Australia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‐HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South Wales2007Australia
| | - Hong‐Tao Sun
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversityJiangsu215123China
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Yangjian Cai
- UTS‐SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & DevicesDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Ling‐Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‐HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD)Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South Wales2007Australia
- UTS‐SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & DevicesDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Chun‐Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‐HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
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28
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Peng W, Cai Y, Fanslau L, Vana P. Nanoengineering with RAFT polymers: from nanocomposite design to applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool for the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks that can be used for the construction of well-defined nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fanslau
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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29
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Kostiv U, Kučka J, Lobaz V, Kotov N, Janoušková O, Šlouf M, Krajnik B, Podhorodecki A, Francová P, Šefc L, Jirák D, Horák D. Highly colloidally stable trimodal 125I-radiolabeled PEG-neridronate-coated upconversion/magnetic bioimaging nanoprobes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20016. [PMID: 33208804 PMCID: PMC7675969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
"All-in-one" multifunctional nanomaterials, which can be visualized simultaneously by several imaging techniques, are required for the efficient diagnosis and treatment of many serious diseases. This report addresses the design and synthesis of upconversion magnetic NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+) nanoparticles by an oleic acid-stabilized high-temperature coprecipitation of lanthanide precursors in octadec-1-ene. The nanoparticles, which emit visible or UV light under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, were modified by in-house synthesized PEG-neridronate to facilitate their dispersibility and colloidal stability in water and bioanalytically relevant phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was determined using HeLa cells and human fibroblasts (HF). Subsequently, the particles were modified by Bolton-Hunter-neridronate and radiolabeled by 125I to monitor their biodistribution in mice using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The upconversion and the paramagnetic properties of the NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+)@PEG nanoparticles were evaluated by photoluminescence, magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 1 T and 4.7 T preclinical scanners. MRI data were obtained on phantoms with different particle concentrations and during pilot long-time in vivo observations of a mouse model. The biological and physicochemical properties of the NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+(Tm3+)@PEG nanoparticles make them promising as a trimodal optical/MRI/SPECT bioimaging and theranostic nanoprobe for experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kučka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolay Kotov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Bartosz Krajnik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Podhorodecki
- Department of Experimental Physics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Pavla Francová
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 1, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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30
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Preparation of Responsive Zwitterionic Diblock Copolymers Containing Phosphate and Phosphonate Groups. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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31
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Han R, Wu S, Tang K, Hou Y. Facilitating drug release in mesoporous silica coated upconversion nanoparticles by photoacid assistance upon near-infrared irradiation. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Kavand A, Anton N, Vandamme T, Serra CA, Chan-Seng D. Tuning polymers grafted on upconversion nanoparticles for the delivery of 5-fluorouracil. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Samhadaneh DM, Mandl GA, Han Z, Mahjoob M, Weber SC, Tuznik M, Rudko DA, Capobianco JA, Stochaj U. Evaluation of Lanthanide-Doped Upconverting Nanoparticles for in Vitro and in Vivo Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4358-4369. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Samhadaneh
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gabrielle A. Mandl
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Maryam Mahjoob
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stephanie C. Weber
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Marius Tuznik
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - David A. Rudko
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - John A. Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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34
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Kostiv U, Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Gorris HH, Velychkivska N, Pop-Georgievski O, Pastucha M, Odstrčilíková E, Skládal P, Horák D. Versatile Bioconjugation Strategies of PEG-Modified Upconversion Nanoparticles for Bioanalytical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4502-4513. [PMID: 32392042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) display highly beneficial photophysical features for background-free bioimaging and bioanalysis; however, they are instable in high ionic strength buffers, have no functional groups, and are nonspecifically interacting. Here, we have prepared NIR-excitable UCNPs that are long-term colloidally stable in buffered media and possess functional groups. Heterobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linkers bearing neridronate and alkyne or maleimide were attached to UCNPs via a ligand exchange. Streptavidin (SA)-conjugates were prepared by click reaction of UCNP@PEG-alkyne and SA-azide. Antihuman serum albumin pAbF antibody was modified with azide groups and conjugated to UCNP@PEG-alkyne via click reaction; alternatively, the antibody, after mild reduction of its disulfide bonds, was conjugated to UCNP@PEG-maleimide. We employed these nanoconjugates as labels for an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay. SA-based labels achieved the lowest LOD of 0.17 ng/mL for the target albumin, which was superior compared to a fluorescence immunoassay (LOD 0.59 ng/mL) or an enzyme-linked immunoassay (LOD 0.56 ng/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J Mickert
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nadiia Velychkivska
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Odstrčilíková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Sodium Hexametaphosphate: An Inexpensive Inorganic Polyelectrolyte “Primer” For Upconverting Nanoparticles/Mesoporous Silica Core‐Shell Synthesis. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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36
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Mahmoudi T, Pirpour Tazehkand A, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Alizadeh-Ghodsi M, Ding L, Baradaran B, Razavi Bazaz S, Jin D, Ebrahimi Warkiani M. PCR-free paper-based nanobiosensing platform for visual detection of telomerase activity via gold enhancement. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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37
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Chen Y, D'Amario C, Gee A, Duong HTT, Shimoni O, Valenzuela SM. Dispersion stability and biocompatibility of four ligand-exchanged NaYF 4: Yb, Er upconversion nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:384-393. [PMID: 31794872 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification to obtain high dispersion stability and biocompatibility is a key factor for bio-application of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). A systematic study of UCNPs modified with four hydrophilic molecules separately, comparing their dispersion stability in biological buffers and cellular biocompatibility is reported here. The results show that carboxyl-functionalized UCNPs (modified by 3,4-dihydrocinnamic acid (DHCA) or poly(monoacryloxyethyl phosphate (MAEP)) with negative surface charge have superior even-distribution in biological buffers compared to amino-functionalized UCNPs (modified by (aminomethyl)phosphonic (AMPA) or (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)) with positive surface charge. Subsequent investigation of cellular interactions revealed high levels of non-targeted cellular uptake of the particles modified with either of the three small molecules (AMPA, APTES, DHCA) and high levels of cytotoxicity when used at high concentrations. The particles were seen to be trapped as particle-aggregates within the cellular cytoplasm, leading to reduced cell viability and cell proliferation, along with dysregulation of the cell cycle as assessed by DNA content measurements. The dramatically reduced proportion of cells in G1 phase and the slightly increased proportion in G2 phase indicates inhibition of M phase, and the appearance of sub-G1 phase reflects cell necrosis. In contrast, MAEP-modified UCNPs are bio-friendly with increased dispersion stability in biological buffers, are non-cytotoxic, with negligible levels of non-specific cellular uptake and no effect on the cell cycle at both low and high concentrations. MAEP-modified UCNPs were further functionalized with streptavidin for intracellular microtubule imaging, and showed clear cytoskeletal structures via their upconversion luminescence. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) are an exciting potential nanomaterial for bio-applications. Their anti-Stokes luminescence makes them especially attractive to be used as imaging probes and thermal therapeutic reagents. Surface modification is the key to achieving stable and compatible hydrophilic-UCNPs. However, the lack of criteria to assess molecular ligands used for ligand exchange of nanoparticles has hampered the development of surface modification, and further limits UCNP's bio-application. Herein, we report a systematic comparative study of modified-UCNPs with four distinct hydrophilic molecules, assessing each particles' colloidal stability in biological buffers and their cellular biocompatibility. The protocol established here can serve as a potential guide for the surface modification of UCNPs in bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Claudia D'Amario
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alex Gee
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hien T T Duong
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Olga Shimoni
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Stella M Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Hong E, Liu L, Bai L, Xia C, Gao L, Zhang L, Wang B. Control synthesis, subtle surface modification of rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles and their applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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39
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Loo JFC, Chien YH, Yin F, Kong SK, Ho HP, Yong KT. Upconversion and downconversion nanoparticles for biophotonics and nanomedicine. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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40
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Gao M, Wu R, Mei Q, Zhang C, Ling X, Deng S, He H, Zhang Y. Upconversional Nanoprobes with Highly Efficient Energy Transfer for Ultrasensitive Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2864-2868. [PMID: 31592656 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human serum is important for diagnosis of various diseases. In this work, a novel sandwich-structured upconversion nanoparticle, NaYF4:Yb/Er@NaErF4@NaYF4, is fabricated to construct an upconversional nanoprobe for ultrasensitive detection of phosphate and ALP activity. The inner shell of NaErF4 bridges the emitters in the core with the external luminescence quenchers to greatly improve the energy transfer efficiency. The quencher, herein, is a coordination complex formed between sulfosalicylic acid and ferric ions. Owing to the higher affinity for phosphate, ferric ions dissociate from the complex and potently combine with phosphate ions, thus interrupting the energy transfer process and recovering the luminescence. This upconversional nanoprobe shows rapid and sensitive detection of phosphate with a limit of detection of 2.5 nM. Because ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate to form p-nitrophenol and inorganic phosphate ions, the nanoprobe is further utilized to achieve sensitive detection of ALP with a limit of detection of 0.5 μU/mL. This novel strategy offers a new opportunity for developing sensitive upconversional nanoprobes and many other energy transfer-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengping Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Ruiying Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Qingsong Mei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Cuilan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xiao Ling
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Shengsong Deng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Hongbo He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444 Shanghai, China
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41
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Aquib M, Farooq MA, Banerjee P, Akhtar F, Filli MS, Boakye-Yiadom KO, Kesse S, Raza F, Maviah MBJ, Mavlyanova R, Wang B. Targeted and stimuli-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery and theranostic use. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2643-2666. [PMID: 31390141 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For cancer therapy, the usefulness of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MPSNPs) has been widely discussed, likely due to its inorganic nature and excellent structural features. The MPSNPs-based chemotherapeutics have been promisingly delivered to their target sites that help to minimize side effects and improve therapeutic effectiveness. A wide array of studies have been conducted to functionalize drug-loaded MPSNPs using targeting ligands and stimuli-sensitive substances. In addition, anticancer drugs have been precisely delivered to their target sites using MPSNPs, which respond to multi-stimuli. Furthermore, MPSNPs have been extensively tested for their safety and compatibility. The toxicity level of MPSNPs is substantially lower as compared to that of colloidal silica; however, in oxidative stress, they exhibit cytotoxic features. The biocompatibility of MPSNPs can be improved by modifying their surfaces. This article describes the production procedures, functionalization, and applications of biocompatible MPSNPs in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Aquib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad A Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Parikshit Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fahad Akhtar
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mensura S Filli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kofi O Boakye-Yiadom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Samuel Kesse
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Faisal Raza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mily B J Maviah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rukhshona Mavlyanova
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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42
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Lay A, Sheppard OH, Siefe C, McLellan CA, Mehlenbacher RD, Fischer S, Goodman MB, Dionne JA. Optically Robust and Biocompatible Mechanosensitive Upconverting Nanoparticles. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1211-1222. [PMID: 31403071 PMCID: PMC6661856 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are promising tools for background-free imaging and sensing. However, their usefulness for in vivo applications depends on their biocompatibility, which we define by their optical performance in biological environments and their toxicity in living organisms. For UCNPs with a ratiometric color response to mechanical stress, consistent emission intensity and color are desired for the particles under nonmechanical stimuli. Here, we test the biocompatibility and mechanosensitivity of α-NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaLuF4 nanoparticles. First, we ligand-strip these particles to render them dispersible in aqueous media. Then, we characterize their mechanosensitivity (∼30% in the red-to-green spectral ratio per GPa), which is nearly 3-fold greater than those coated in oleic acid. We next design a suite of ex vivo and in vivo tests to investigate their structural and optical properties under several biorelevant conditions: over time in various buffers types, as a function of pH, and in vivo along the digestive tract of Caenorhabditis elegans worms. Finally, to ensure that the particles do not perturb biological function in C. elegans, we assess the chronic toxicity of nanoparticle ingestion using a reproductive brood assay. In these ways, we determine that mechanosensitive UCNPs are biocompatible, i.e., optically robust and nontoxic, for use as in vivo sensors to study animal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Lay
- Department
of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Olivia H. Sheppard
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chris Siefe
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Claire A. McLellan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Randy D. Mehlenbacher
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Miriam B. Goodman
- Department
of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Whelan DR. Overview of the second super-resolution microscopy session of the joint Asian Biophysics Association/Australian Society for Biophysics meeting. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:285-286. [PMID: 31090017 PMCID: PMC6557932 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donna R Whelan
- Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, 3552, Australia.
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Zhou Y, Chen Y, He H, Liao J, Duong HT, Parviz M, Jin D. A homogeneous DNA assay by recovering inhibited emission of rare earth ions-doped upconversion nanoparticles. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Surface Functionalisation of Upconversion Nanoparticles with Different Moieties for Biomedical Applications. SURFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces1010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert low-energy infrared photons into high-energy visible and ultraviolet photons, are becoming highly sought-after for advanced biomedical and biophotonics applications. Their unique luminescent properties enable UCNPs to be applied for diagnosis, including biolabeling, biosensing, bioimaging, and multiple imaging modality, as well as therapeutic treatments including photothermal and photodynamic therapy, bio-reductive chemotherapy and drug delivery. For the employment of the inorganic nanomaterials into biological environments, it is critical to bridge the gap in between nanoparticles and biomolecules via surface modifications and subsequent functionalisation. This work reviews the various ways to surface modify and functionalise UCNPs so as to impart different functional molecular groups to the UCNPs surfaces for a broad range of applications in biomedical areas. We discussed commonly used base functionalities, including carboxyl, amino and thiol moieties that are typically imparted to UCNP surfaces so as to provide further functional capacity.
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46
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Zhang Z, Shikha S, Liu J, Zhang J, Mei Q, Zhang Y. Upconversion Nanoprobes: Recent Advances in Sensing Applications. Anal Chem 2018; 91:548-568. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, China
| | - Swati Shikha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinliang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, 200444, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingsong Mei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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Chen C, Wang F, Wen S, Su QP, Wu MCL, Liu Y, Wang B, Li D, Shan X, Kianinia M, Aharonovich I, Toth M, Jackson SP, Xi P, Jin D. Multi-photon near-infrared emission saturation nanoscopy using upconversion nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3290. [PMID: 30120242 PMCID: PMC6098146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPM), using near infrared excitation light, provides increased penetration depth, decreased detection background, and reduced phototoxicity. Using stimulated emission depletion (STED) approach, MPM can bypass the diffraction limitation, but it requires both spatial alignment and temporal synchronization of high power (femtosecond) lasers, which is limited by the inefficiency of the probes. Here, we report that upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can unlock a new mode of near-infrared emission saturation (NIRES) nanoscopy for deep tissue super-resolution imaging with excitation intensity several orders of magnitude lower than that required by conventional MPM dyes. Using a doughnut beam excitation from a 980 nm diode laser and detecting at 800 nm, we achieve a resolution of sub 50 nm, 1/20th of the excitation wavelength, in imaging of single UCNP through 93 μm thick liver tissue. This method offers a simple solution for deep tissue super resolution imaging and single molecule tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohao Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mike C L Wu
- Heart Research Institute, and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Baoming Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Du Li
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Xuchen Shan
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mehran Kianinia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Heart Research Institute, and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Peng Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-user Analysis at Low-levels (IDEAL), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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48
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Mourdikoudis S, Pallares RM, Thanh NTK. Characterization techniques for nanoparticles: comparison and complementarity upon studying nanoparticle properties. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12871-12934. [PMID: 29926865 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02278j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures have attracted huge interest as a rapidly growing class of materials for many applications. Several techniques have been used to characterize the size, crystal structure, elemental composition and a variety of other physical properties of nanoparticles. In several cases, there are physical properties that can be evaluated by more than one technique. Different strengths and limitations of each technique complicate the choice of the most suitable method, while often a combinatorial characterization approach is needed. In addition, given that the significance of nanoparticles in basic research and applications is constantly increasing, it is necessary that researchers from separate fields overcome the challenges in the reproducible and reliable characterization of nanomaterials, after their synthesis and further process (e.g. annealing) stages. The principal objective of this review is to summarize the present knowledge on the use, advances, advantages and weaknesses of a large number of experimental techniques that are available for the characterization of nanoparticles. Different characterization techniques are classified according to the concept/group of the technique used, the information they can provide, or the materials that they are destined for. We describe the main characteristics of the techniques and their operation principles and we give various examples of their use, presenting them in a comparative mode, when possible, in relation to the property studied in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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49
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Xiang J, Tong X, Shi F, Yan Q, Yu B, Zhao Y. Near-infrared light-triggered drug release from UV-responsive diblock copolymer-coated upconversion nanoparticles with high monodispersity. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3531-3540. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00651b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of a new near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive nanocarrier for controlled drug release is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Xia Tong
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an 710119
- China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Bing Yu
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
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