1
|
Szűcsová J, Zeleňáková A, Beňová E, Nagy Ľ, Orendáč M, Huntošová V, Šoltésová M, Kohout J, Herynek V, Zeleňák V. Nanocomposite based on Gd 2O 3 nanoparticles and drug 5-fluorouracil as potential theranostic nano-cargo system. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20975. [PMID: 37928043 PMCID: PMC10623176 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have prepared silica matrix with hexagonal symmetry of pores (SBA-15) and loaded it with anticancer drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to promote it as a drug delivery system. Gd2O3 nanoparticles were incorporated into the matrix to enhance nanosystems applicability as contrast agent for MRI, thus enabled this nanocomposite to be used as multifunctional nano-based therapeutic agent. Drug release profile was obtained by UV-VIS spectroscopy, and it indicates the prolongated release of 5-FU during the first hours and the total release after 5 h. The cytotoxicity tests using MTT-assay, fluorescent microscopy, bright-field microscopy, and flow cytometry were carried out using human glioma U87 MG cells and SK BR 3 cells. The nanocomposite with anticancer drug (Gd2O3/SBA-15/5FU) showed toxic behaviour towards studied cells, unlike nanocomposite without drug (Gd2O3/SBA-15) that was non-toxic. Our drug delivery system was designed to minimalize negative effect of Gd3+ ions at magnetic resonance imaging and drug 5-FU on healthy cells due to their encapsulation into biocompatible silica matrix, so the Gd3+ ions are more stable (in comparison to chelates), lower therapeutic dose of 5-FU is needed and its prolongated release from silica pores was confirmed. Very good T1 contrast in MR images was observed even at low concentrations, thus this nanosystem can be potentially used as contrast imaging agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Szűcsová
- Institute of Physics, P. J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Adriana Zeleňáková
- Institute of Physics, P. J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Eva Beňová
- Institute of Chemistry, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ľuboš Nagy
- Institute of Physics, P. J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Orendáč
- Institute of Physics, P. J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry & Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Huntošová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, P. J. Šafárik University, Jesenná 5, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mária Šoltésová
- Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kohout
- Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), Salmovská 3, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Zeleňák
- Institute of Chemistry, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Charvátová H, Plichta Z, Hromádková J, Herynek V, Babič M. Hydrophilic Copolymers with Hydroxamic Acid Groups as a Protective Biocompatible Coating of Maghemite Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Physico-Chemical Characterization and MRI Biodistribution Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1982. [PMID: 37514168 PMCID: PMC10384990 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) with a "non-fouling" surface represent a versatile group of biocompatible nanomaterials valuable for medical diagnostics, including oncology. In our study we present a synthesis of novel maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles with positive and negative overall surface charge and their coating by copolymer P(HPMA-co-HAO) prepared by RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer) copolymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) with N-[2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-methyl-prop-2-enamide (HAO). Coating was realized via hydroxamic acid groups of the HAO comonomer units with a strong affinity to maghemite. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) demonstrated high colloidal stability of the coated particles in a wide pH range, high ionic strength, and the presence of phosphate buffer (PBS) and serum albumin (BSE). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show a narrow size distribution and spheroid shape. Alternative coatings were prepared by copolymerization of HPMA with methyl 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)acetate (MMA) and further post-polymerization modification with hydroxamic acid groups, carboxylic acid and primary-amino functionalities. Nevertheless, their colloidal stability was worse in comparison with P(HPMA-co-HAO). Additionally, P(HPMA-co-HAO)-coated nanoparticles were subjected to a bio-distribution study in mice. They were cleared from the blood stream by the liver relatively slowly, and their half-life in the liver depended on their charge; nevertheless, both cationic and anionic particles revealed a much shorter metabolic clearance rate than that of commercially available ferucarbotran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Charvátová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Plichta
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Hromádková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Babič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibrahim I, Škoch A, Herynek V, Humhej I, Beran J, Flusserová V, Rolencová E, Juhaňáková M, Brzák M, Nagy M, Tintěra J. Magnetic resonance tractography of the brachial plexus: step-by-step. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:4488-4501. [PMID: 36060587 PMCID: PMC9403600 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Magnetic resonance (MR) tractography of the brachial plexus (BP) is challenging due to different factors such as motion artifacts, pulsation artifacts, signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution; eddy currents induced geometric distortions, sequence parameters and choice of used coils. Notably challenging is the separation of the peripheral nerve bundles and skeletal muscles as both structures have similar fractional anisotropy values. We proposed an algorithm for robust visualization and assessment of BP root bundles using the segmentation of the spinal cord (SSC, C4-T1) as seed points for the initial starting area for the fibre tracking algorithm. Methods Twenty-seven healthy volunteers and four patients with root avulsions underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations on a 3T MR scanner with optimized measurement protocols for diffusion-weighted images and coronal T2 weighted 3D short-term inversion recovery sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using varying flip angle evaluation sequences used for BP fibre reconstruction and MR neurography (MRN). The fibre bundles reconstruction was optimized in terms of eliminating the skeletal muscle fibres contamination using the SSC and the tracking threshold of the normalized quantitative anisotropy (NQA) on reconstruction of the BP. In our study, the NQA parameter has been used for fiber tracking instead of fractional anisotropy (FA). The diffusion data were processed in individual C4-T1 root bundles using the generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) algorithm. Calculated diffusion parameters were statistically analysed using the two-sample t-test. The MRN was performed in MedINRIA and post-processed using the maximum intensity projection (MIP) method to demonstrate BP root bundles in multiple planes. Results In control subjects, no significant effect of laterality in diffusion parameters was found (P>0.05) in the BP. In the central part of the BP, a significant difference between control subjects and patients at P=0.02 was found in the NQA values. Other diffusion parameters were not significantly different. Conclusions Using NQA instead of FA in the proposed algorithm allowed for a better separation of muscle and root nerve bundles. The presented algorithm yields a high quality reconstruction of the BP bundles that may be helpful both in research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ibrahim
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Škoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Humhej
- Department of Neurosurgery, J. E. Purkyně University, Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Beran
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Flusserová
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Rolencová
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Juhaňáková
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Brzák
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Nagy
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tintěra
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bui DT, Havelek R, Královec K, Kubíčková L, Kuličková J, Matouš P, Herynek V, Kupčík J, Muthná D, Řezanka P, Kaman O. Multimodal Contrast Agent Enabling pH Sensing Based on Organically Functionalized Gold Nanoshells with Mn-Zn Ferrite Cores. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12030428. [PMID: 35159772 PMCID: PMC8839728 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Highly complex nanoparticles combining multimodal imaging with the sensing of physical properties in biological systems can considerably enhance biomedical research, but reports demonstrating the performance of a single nanosized probe in several imaging modalities and its sensing potential at the same time are rather scarce. Gold nanoshells with magnetic cores and complex organic functionalization may offer an efficient multimodal platform for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and fluorescence techniques combined with pH sensing by means of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In the present study, the synthesis of gold nanoshells with Mn-Zn ferrite cores is described, and their structure, composition, and fundamental properties are analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, magnetic measurements, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The gold surface is functionalized with four different model molecules, namely thioglycerol, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate, 11-mercaptoundecanoate, and (11-mercaptoundecyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide, to analyze the effect of varying charge and surface chemistry on cells in vitro. After characterization by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering measurements, it is found that the particles do not exhibit significant cytotoxic effects, irrespective of the surface functionalization. Finally, the gold nanoshells are functionalized with a combination of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and 7-mercapto-4-methylcoumarin, which introduces a SERS active pH sensor and a covalently attached fluorescent tag at the same time. 1H NMR relaxometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, and PAI demonstrate the multimodal potential of the suggested probe, including extraordinarily high transverse relaxivity, while the SERS study evidences a pH-dependent spectral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thuy Bui
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.T.B.); (L.K.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Radim Havelek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (R.H.); (K.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Karel Královec
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (R.H.); (K.K.); (D.M.)
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kubíčková
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.T.B.); (L.K.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Kuličková
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.T.B.); (L.K.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Petr Matouš
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 2, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 2, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Jaroslav Kupčík
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.T.B.); (L.K.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Darina Muthná
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (R.H.); (K.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Pavel Řezanka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.T.B.); (L.K.); (J.K.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-220-318-418
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Keša P, Paúrová M, Babič M, Heizer T, Matouš P, Turnovcová K, Mareková D, Šefc L, Herynek V. Photoacoustic Properties of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2457. [PMID: 34578773 PMCID: PMC8470055 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging, an emerging modality, provides supplemental information to ultrasound imaging. We investigated the properties of polypyrrole nanoparticles, which considerably enhance contrast in photoacoustic images, in relation to the synthesis procedure and to their size. We prepared polypyrrole nanoparticles by water-based redox precipitation polymerization in the presence of ammonium persulphate (ratio nPy:nOxi 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5) or iron(III) chloride (nPy:nOxi 1:2.3) acting as an oxidant. To stabilize growing nanoparticles, non-ionic polyvinylpyrrolidone was used. The nanoparticles were characterized and tested as a photoacoustic contrast agent in vitro on an imaging platform combining ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging. High photoacoustic signals were obtained with lower ratios of the oxidant (nPy:nAPS ≥ 1:2), which corresponded to higher number of conjugated bonds in the polymer. The increasing portion of oxidized structures probably shifted the absorption spectra towards shorter wavelengths. A strong photoacoustic signal dependence on the nanoparticle size was revealed; the signal linearly increased with particle surface. Coated nanoparticles were also tested in vivo on a mouse model. To conclude, polypyrrole nanoparticles represent a promising contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging. Variations in the preparation result in varying photoacoustic properties related to their structure and allow to optimize the nanoparticles for in vivo imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Keša
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.H.); (P.M.); (L.Š.)
| | - Monika Paúrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Michal Babič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.H.); (P.M.); (L.Š.)
| | - Petr Matouš
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.H.); (P.M.); (L.Š.)
| | - Karolína Turnovcová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Science, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Dana Mareková
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Science, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.T.); (D.M.)
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.H.); (P.M.); (L.Š.)
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.H.); (P.M.); (L.Š.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paúrová M, Taboubi O, Šeděnková I, Hromádková J, Matouš P, Herynek V, Šefc L, Babič M. Role of dextran in stabilization of polypyrrole nanoparticles for photoacoustic imaging. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
7
|
Loukotová L, Švec P, Groborz O, Heizer T, Beneš H, Raabová H, Bělinová T, Herynek V, Hrubý M. Direct Comparison of Analogous Amphiphilic Gradient and Block Polyoxazolines. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Loukotová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Švec
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Groborz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovska 3, Prague 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Beneš
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Raabová
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility of the Microscopy Centre, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Bělinová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovska 3, Prague 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Heyrovsky sq. 2, Prague 162 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moskvin M, Huntošová V, Herynek V, Matouš P, Michalcová A, Lobaz V, Zasońska B, Šlouf M, Seliga R, Horák D. In vitro cellular activity of maghemite/cerium oxide magnetic nanoparticles with antioxidant properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111824. [PMID: 33991978 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic γ-Fe2O3/CeO2 nanoparticles were obtained by precipitation of Ce(NO3)3 with ammonia in the presence of γ-Fe2O3 seeds. The formation of CeO2 nanoparticles on the seeds was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy linked with selected area electron diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The γ-Fe2O3/CeO2 particle surface was functionalized with PEG-neridronate to improve the colloidal stability in PBS and biocompatibility. Chemical and in vitro biological assays proved that the nanoparticles, due to the presence of cerium oxide, effectively scavenged radicals, thus decreasing oxidative stress in the model cell line. PEG functionalization of the nanoparticles diminished their in vitro aggregation and facilitated lysosomal cargo degradation in cancer cells during autophagy, which resulted in concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles. Finally, the iron oxide core allowed easy magnetic separation of the particles from liquid media and may enable monitoring of nanoparticle biodistribution in organisms using magnetic resonance imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Moskvin
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Huntošová
- Center of Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Jesenná 5, 041 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Matouš
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Michalcová
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Beata Zasońska
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Róbert Seliga
- Center of Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Jesenná 5, 041 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ibrahim I, Škoch A, Herynek V, Jírů F, Tintěra J. Magnetic resonance tractography of the lumbosacral plexus: Step-by-step. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24646. [PMID: 33578590 PMCID: PMC10545402 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT MR tractography of the lumbosacral plexus (LSP) is challenging due to the difficulty of acquiring high quality data and accurately estimating the neuronal tracts. We proposed an algorithm for an accurate visualization and assessment of the major LSP bundles using the segmentation of the cauda equina as seed points for the initial starting area for the fiber tracking algorithm.Twenty-six healthy volunteers underwent MRI examinations on a 3T MR scanner using the phased array coils with optimized measurement protocols for diffusion-weighted images and coronal T2 weighted 3D short-term inversion recovery sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using varying flip angle evaluation sequences used for LSP fiber reconstruction and MR neurography (MRN).The fiber bundles reconstruction was optimized in terms of eliminating the muscle fibers contamination using the segmentation of cauda equina, the effects of the normalized quantitative anisotropy (NQA) and angular threshold on reconstruction of the LSP. In this study, the NQA parameter has been used for fiber tracking instead of fractional anisotropy (FA) and the regions of interest positioning was precisely adjusted bilaterally and symmetrically in each individual subject.The diffusion data were processed in individual L3-S2 nerve fibers using the generalized Q-sampling imaging algorithm. Data (mean FA, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity, and normalized quantitative anisotropy) were statistically analyzed using the linear mixed-effects model. The MR neurography was performed in MedINRIA and post-processed using the maximum intensity projection method to demonstrate LSP tracts in multiple planes.FA values significantly decreased towards the sacral region (P < .001); by contrast, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity and NQA values significantly increased towards the sacral region (P < .001).Fiber tractography of the LSP was feasible in all examined subjects and closely corresponded with the nerves visible in the maximum intensity projection images of MR neurography. Usage of NQA instead of FA in the proposed algorithm enabled better separation of muscle and nerve fibers.The presented algorithm yields a high quality reconstruction of the LSP bundles that may be helpful both in research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ibrahim
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, MR Unit
| | - Antonín Škoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, MR Unit
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Jírů
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, MR Unit
| | - Jaroslav Tintěra
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, MR Unit
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shapoval O, Oleksa V, Šlouf M, Lobaz V, Trhlíková O, Filipová M, Janoušková O, Engstová H, Pankrác J, Modrý A, Herynek V, Ježek P, Šefc L, Horák D. Colloidally Stable P(DMA-AGME)-Ale-Coated Gd(Tb)F 3:Tb 3+(Gd 3+),Yb 3+,Nd 3+ Nanoparticles as a Multimodal Contrast Agent for Down- and Upconversion Luminescence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Computed Tomography. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11010230. [PMID: 33467188 PMCID: PMC7830756 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging, integrating several modalities including down- and up-conversion luminescence, T
1- and T
2(T
2*)-weighted MRI, and CT contrasting in one system, is very promising for improved diagnosis of severe medical disorders. To reach the goal, it is necessary to develop suitable nanoparticles that are highly colloidally stable in biologically relevant media. Here, hydrophilic poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-N-acryloylglycine methyl ester)-alendronate-[P(DMA-AGME)-Ale]-coated Gd(Tb)F3:Tb3+(Gd3+),Yb3+,Nd3+ nanoparticles were synthesized by a coprecipitation method in ethylene glycol (EG) followed by coating with the polymer. The particles were tho-roughly characterized by a dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), elemental ana-lysis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Aqueous particle dispersions exhibited excellent colloidal stability in water and physiological buffers. In vitro toxicity assessments suggested no or only mild toxicity of the surface-engineered Gd(Tb)F3:Tb3+(Gd3+),Yb3+,Nd3+ particles in a wide range of concentrations. Internalization of the particles by several types of cells, including HeLa, HF, HepG2, and INS, was confirmed by a down- and up-conversion confocal microscopy. Newly developed particles thus proved to be an efficient contrast agent for fluorescence imaging, T
1- and T
2(T
2*)-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Shapoval
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (L.Š.); (D.H.); Tel.: +420-296-809-260 (D.H.)
| | - Viktoriia Oleksa
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Olga Trhlíková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Marcela Filipová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
| | - Hana Engstová
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic; (H.E.); (P.J.)
| | - Jan Pankrác
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (A.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Adam Modrý
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (A.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (A.M.); (V.H.)
| | - Petr Ježek
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic; (H.E.); (P.J.)
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging (CAPI), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (A.M.); (V.H.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (L.Š.); (D.H.); Tel.: +420-296-809-260 (D.H.)
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (M.Š.); (V.L.); (O.T.); (M.F.); (O.J.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (L.Š.); (D.H.); Tel.: +420-296-809-260 (D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kozler P, Herynek V, Maresova D, Perez PD, Šefc L, Pokorny J. Selective vulnerability of the hippocampus to the cytotoxic edema; magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence microscopy studies in the rats. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2020; 41:392-400. [PMID: 33754596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Changes in the hippocampus induced by water intoxication were studied using fluorescence microscopy (FM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS In three animals (rats), intracellular/extracellular distribution of Evans blue (EB) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of both hemispheres was revealed by injection of EB into the internal carotid artery (ICA) in hyperhydrated rats (water intoxication, WI). A total of 8 experimental rats were used for the MRI study. The animals were scanned before WI, then the experimental brain edema was induced by WI and MR scanning was performed at day 1 and day 8 after WI. Besides standard T2-weighted imaging an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and transverse relaxation time (T2) were evaluated. RESULTS Hyperhydration brought about the largest intracellular deposits of EB in CA3 hippocampal region, followed by the cerebral cortex and CA1 hippocampal region with the lowest amount of intracellular EB in the dentate gyrus. A higher apparent diffusion coefficient (corresponding to a vasogenic edema) was found the first day after hyperhydration in the cortex and in the CA1 and CA3 regions with no changes in dentate gyrus. CONCLUSION Both FM and MRI confirmed a selectively higher vulnerability to hyperhydration and hyponatremia (achieved by water intoxication) of the hippocampal cells compared to dentate gyrus cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kozler
- Department of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Maresova
- Department of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo D Perez
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pokorny
- Department of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Královec K, Havelek R, Koutová D, Veverka P, Kubíčková L, Brázda P, Kohout J, Herynek V, Vosmanská M, Kaman O. Magnetic nanoparticles of Ga-substituted ε-Fe 2 O 3 for biomedical applications: Magnetic properties, transverse relaxivity, and effects of silica-coated particles on cytoskeletal networks. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1563-1578. [PMID: 32176405 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles of ε-Fe1.76 Ga0.24 O3 with the volume-weighted mean size of 17 nm were prepared by thermal treatment of a mesoporous silica template impregnated with metal nitrates and were coated with silica shell of four different thicknesses in the range 6-24 nm. The bare particles exhibited higher magnetization than the undoped compound, 22.4 Am2 kg-1 at 300 K, and were characterized by blocked state with the coercivity of 1.2 T at 300 K, being thus the very opposite of superparamagnetic iron oxides. The relaxometric study of the silica-coated samples at 0.47 T revealed promising properties for MRI, specifically, transverse relaxivity of 89-168 s-1 mmol(f.u.)-1 L depending on the shell thickness was observed. We investigated the effects of the silica-coated nanoparticles on human A549 and MCF-7 cells. Cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and the arrangement of actin cytoskeleton were assessed, as well as formation and maturation of focal adhesions. Our study revealed that high concentrations of silica-coated particles with larger shell thicknesses of 16-24 nm interfere with the actin cytoskeletal networks, inducing thus morphological changes. Consequently, the focal adhesion areas were significantly decreased, resulting in impaired cell adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Královec
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Havelek
- Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Darja Koutová
- Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Veverka
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kubíčková
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Brázda
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kohout
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magda Vosmanská
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Patsula V, Horák D, Kučka J, Macková H, Lobaz V, Francová P, Herynek V, Heizer T, Páral P, Šefc L. Synthesis and modification of uniform PEG-neridronate-modified magnetic nanoparticles determines prolonged blood circulation and biodistribution in a mouse preclinical model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10765. [PMID: 31341232 PMCID: PMC6656745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with uniform sizes of 10, 20, and 31 nm were prepared by thermal decomposition of Fe(III) oleate or mandelate in a high-boiling point solvent (>320 °C). To render the particles with hydrophilic and antifouling properties, their surface was coated with a PEG-containing bisphosphonate anchoring group. The PEGylated particles were characterized by a range of physicochemical methods, including dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and magnetization measurements. As the particle size increased from 10 to 31 nm, the amount of PEG coating decreased from 28.5 to 9 wt.%. The PEG formed a dense brush-like shell on the particle surface, which prevented particles from aggregating in water and PBS (pH 7.4) and maximized the circulation time in vivo. Magnetic resonance relaxometry confirmed that the PEG-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles had high relaxivity, which increased with increasing particle size. In the in vivo experiments in a mouse model, the particles provided visible contrast enhancement in the magnetic resonance images. Almost 70% of administrated 20-nm magnetic nanoparticles still circulated in the blood stream after four hours; however, their retention in the tumor was rather low, which was likely due to the antifouling properties of PEG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Patsula
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kučka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Macková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Francová
- Center of Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Center of Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Heizer
- Center of Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Páral
- Center of Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Šefc
- Center of Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, 120 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gálisová A, Herynek V, Swider E, Sticová E, Pátiková A, Kosinová L, Kříž J, Hájek M, Srinivas M, Jirák D. A Trimodal Imaging Platform for Tracking Viable Transplanted Pancreatic Islets In Vivo: F-19 MR, Fluorescence, and Bioluminescence Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:454-464. [PMID: 30167995 PMCID: PMC6525139 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Combining specific and quantitative F-19 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with sensitive and convenient optical imaging provides complementary information about the distribution and viability of transplanted pancreatic islet grafts. In this study, pancreatic islets (PIs) were labeled with positively charged multimodal nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-NPs) with encapsulated perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether and the near-infrared fluorescent dye indocyanine green. PROCEDURES One thousand and three thousand bioluminescent PIs were transplanted into subcutaneous artificial scaffolds, which served as an alternative transplant site. The grafts were monitored using in vivo F-19 MR, fluorescence, and bioluminescence imaging in healthy rats for 2 weeks. RESULTS Transplanted PIs were unambiguously localized in the scaffolds by F-19 MRI throughout the whole experiment. Fluorescence was detected in the first 4 days after transplantation only. Importantly, in vivo bioluminescence correlated with the F-19 MRI signal. CONCLUSIONS We developed a trimodal imaging platform for in vivo examination of transplanted PIs. Fluorescence imaging revealed instability of the fluorescent dye and its limited applicability for longitudinal in vivo studies. A correlation between the bioluminescence signal and the F-19 MRI signal indicated the fast clearance of PLGA-NPs from the transplantation site after cell death, which addresses a major issue with intracellular imaging labels. Therefore, the proposed PLGA-NP platform is reliable for reflecting the status of transplanted PIs in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gálisová
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Herynek
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Swider
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - E Sticová
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Pathology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Pátiková
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Kosinová
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Kříž
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Hájek
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - D Jirák
- MR Unit, Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Herynek V, Turnovcová K, Gálisová A, Kaman O, Mareková D, Koktan J, Vosmanská M, Kosinová L, Jendelová P. Manganese-Zinc Ferrites: Safe and Efficient Nanolabels for Cell Imaging and Tracking In Vivo. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:155-165. [PMID: 30740290 PMCID: PMC6356160 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by using a hydrothermal treatment, coated with silica, and then tested as efficient cellular labels for cell tracking, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo. A toxicity study was performed on rat mesenchymal stem cells and C6 glioblastoma cells. Adverse effects on viability and cell proliferation were observed at the highest concentration (0.55 mM) only; cell viability was not compromised at lower concentrations. Nanoparticle internalization was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The particles were found in membranous vesicles inside the cytoplasm. Although the metal content (0.42 pg Fe/cell) was lower compared to commercially available iron oxide nanoparticles, labeled cells reached a comparable relaxation rate R 2, owing to higher nanoparticle relaxivity. Cells from transgenic luciferase-positive rats were used for in vivo experiments. Labeled cells were transplanted into the muscles of non-bioluminescent rats and visualized by MRI. The cells produced a distinct hypointense signal in T2- or T2*-weighted MR images in vivo. Cell viability in vivo was verified by bioluminescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958/9 140 21 Prague Czech Republic.,Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Salmovská 3 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Karolína Turnovcová
- Department of Tissue Culture and Stem Cells Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958/9 140 21 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mareková
- Department of Tissue Culture and Stem Cells Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Koktan
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 Prague Czech Republic.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Magda Vosmanská
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology Technická 5 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kosinová
- Experimental Medicine Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958/9 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Jendelová
- Department of Tissue Culture and Stem Cells Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences Vídeňská 1083 Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Herynek V, Martinisková M, Bobrova Y, Gálisová A, Kotek J, Hermann P, Koucký F, Jirák D, Hájek M. Low-molecular-weight paramagnetic 19F contrast agents for fluorine magnetic resonance imaging. MAGMA 2018; 32:115-122. [PMID: 30498883 PMCID: PMC6514088 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-0721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective 19F MRI requires biocompatible and non-toxic soluble contrast agents with high fluorine content and with suitable 19F relaxation times. Probes based on a DOTP chelate with 12 magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms (DOTP-tfe) and a lanthanide(III) ion shortening the relaxation times were prepared and tested. Methods Complexes of DOTP-tfe with trivalent paramagnetic Ce, Dy, Ho, Tm, and Yb ions were synthetized and characterized. 19F relaxation times were determined and compared to those of the La complex and of the empty ligand. In vitro and in vivo 19F MRI was performed at 4.7 T. Results 19F relaxation times strongly depended on the chelated lanthanide(III) ion. T1 ranged from 6.5 to 287 ms, T2 from 3.9 to 124.4 ms, and T2* from 1.1 to 3.1 ms. All complexes in combination with optimized sequences provided sufficient signal in vitro under conditions mimicking experiments in vivo (concentrations 1.25 mM, 15-min scanning time). As a proof of concept, two contrast agents were injected into the rat muscle; 19F MRI in vivo confirmed the in vivo applicability of the probe. Conclusion DOTP-based 19F probes showed suitable properties for in vitro and in vivo visualization and biological applications. The lanthanide(III) ions enabled us to shorten the relaxation times and to trim the probes according to the actual needs. Similar to the clinically approved Gd3+ chelates, this customized probe design ensures consistent biochemical properties and similar safety profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Imaging, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 3, Prague, Czech Republic.
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Martinisková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Yulia Bobrova
- Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hájek
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sedivy P, Dezortova M, Drobny M, Vlasakova Z, Herynek V, Hajek M. Differences in muscle metabolism in patients with type I diabetes - influence of gender and nephropathy studied by (31)P MR spectroscopy. Physiol Res 2018. [PMID: 29527910 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a complex disease with adverse effects on organs and tissues despite compensation by insulin treatment. The goal of our study was to study how kidney diseases change (31)P MR parameters of muscle metabolism in DM1 patients with respect to gender. 51 DM1 patients (19 m/14 f without and 13 m/5 f with nephropathy) and 26 (14 m/12 f) healthy volunteers were examined using (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3T tomograph at rest, and during and after a calf muscle exercise. The exercise consisted of a six-minute plantar flexion using a pedal ergometer followed by a six-minute recovery. It is reflected by reduced relative beta-ATP and increased Pi and phosphodiester signals to phosphocreatine (PCr) at rest and prolongation of the PCr recovery time after the exercise. Measurement on healthy volunteers indicated differences between males and females in pH at the rest and after the exercise only. These differences between patients groups were not significant. We have proven that nephropathy affects the metabolism in diabetic patients and our results confirm significant difference between patients with and without nephropathy. Gender differences in pH were observed only between male and female healthy volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sedivy
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Blahut J, Bernášek K, Gálisová A, Herynek V, Císařová I, Kotek J, Lang J, Matějková S, Hermann P. Paramagnetic 19F Relaxation Enhancement in Nickel(II) Complexes of N-Trifluoroethyl Cyclam Derivatives and Cell Labeling for 19F MRI. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13337-13348. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Department of Inorganic
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Bernášek
- Department of Low
Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), V Holešovičkách
2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- Department of Radiodiagnostic
and Interventional Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Department of Radiodiagnostic
and Interventional Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lang
- Department of Low
Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), V Holešovičkách
2, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Matějková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University (Univerzita Karlova), Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gálisová A, Fábryová E, Jirák D, Sticová E, Lodererová A, Herynek V, Kříž J, Hájek M. Multimodal Imaging Reveals Improvement of Blood Supply to an Artificial Cell Transplant Site Induced by Bioluminescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 19:15-23. [PMID: 27464498 PMCID: PMC5209399 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-0986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An artificial site for cell or pancreatic islet transplantation can be created using a polymeric scaffold, even though it suffers subcutaneously from improper vascularisation. A sufficient blood supply is crucial for graft survival and function and can be enhanced by transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of syngeneic MSCs on neoangiogenesis and cell engraftment in an artificial site by multimodal imaging. PROCEDURES MSCs expressing a gene for luciferase were injected into the artificial subcutaneous site 7 days after scaffold implantation. MRI experiments (anatomical and dynamic contrast-enhanced images) were performed on a 4.7-T scanner using gradient echo sequences. Bioluminescent images were acquired on an IVIS Lumina optical imager. Longitudinal examination was performed for 2 months, and one animal was monitored for 16 months. RESULTS We confirmed the long-term presence (lasting more than 16 months) of viable donor cells inside the scaffolds using bioluminescence imaging with an optical signal peak appearing on day 3 after MSC implantation. When compared to controls, the tissue perfusion and vessel permeability in the scaffolds were significantly improved at the site with MSCs with a maximal peak on day 9 after MSC transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the maximal signal obtained by bioluminescence and magnetic resonance imaging from an artificially created site between 3 and 9 days after MSC transplantation can predict the optimal time range for subsequent cellular or tissue transplantation, including pancreatic islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gálisová
- Department of RadioDiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fábryová
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Department of RadioDiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Sticová
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Pathology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Lodererová
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Pathology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Department of RadioDiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kříž
- Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hájek
- Department of RadioDiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Herynek V, Gálisová A, Srinivas M, van Dinther EAW, Kosinová L, Ruzicka J, Jirátová M, Kriz J, Jirák D. Pre-Microporation Improves Outcome of Pancreatic Islet Labelling for Optical and 19F MR Imaging. Biol Proced Online 2017; 19:6. [PMID: 28674481 PMCID: PMC5488379 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-017-0055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro labelling of cells and small cell structures is a necessary step before in vivo monitoring of grafts. We modified and optimised a procedure for pancreatic islet labelling using bimodal positively charged poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles with encapsulated perfluoro crown ethers and indocyanine green dye via microporation and compared the method with passive endocytosis. Results Pancreatic islets were microporated using two pulses at various voltages. We tested a standard procedure (poration in the presence of nanoparticles) and a modified protocol (pre-microporation in a buffer only, and subsequent islet incubation with nanoparticles on ice for 10 min). We compared islet labelling by microporation with labelling by endocytosis, i.e. pancreatic islets were incubated for 24 h in a medium with suspended nanoparticles. In order to verify the efficiency of the labelling procedures, we used 19F magnetic resonance imaging, optical fluorescence imaging and confocal microscopy. The experiment confirmed that microporation, albeit fast and effective, is invasive and may cause substantial harm to islets. To achieve sufficient poration and to minimise the reduction of viability, the electric field should be set at 20 kV/m (two pulses, 20 ms each). Poration in the presence of nanoparticles was found to be unsuitable for the nanoparticles used. The water suspension of nanoparticles (which served as a surfactant) was slightly foamy and microbubbles in the suspension were responsible for sparks causing the destruction of islets during poration. However, pre-microporation (poration of islets in a buffer only) followed by 10-min incubation with nanoparticles was safer. Conclusions For labelling of pancreatic islets using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles, the modified microporation procedure with low voltage was found to be safer than the standard microporation procedure. The modified procedure was fast, however, efficiency was lower compared to endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- MR Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- MR Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mangala Srinivas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Route 278, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eric A W van Dinther
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Route 278, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lucie Kosinová
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Ruzicka
- MR Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Tissue Culture and Stem Cells, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Jirátová
- MR Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kriz
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- MR Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Krchová T, Herynek V, Gálisová A, Blahut J, Hermann P, Kotek J. Eu(III) Complex with DO3A-amino-phosphonate Ligand as a Concentration-Independent pH-Responsive Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2078-2091. [PMID: 28170242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A new DOTA-like ligand H5do3aNP with a 2-[amino(methylphosphonic acid)]ethyl-coordinating pendant arm was prepared, and its coordinating properties were studied by NMR spectroscopy and potentiometry. The study revealed a rare slow exchange (on the 1H and 31P NMR time scale) between protonated and unprotonated complex species with a corresponding acidity constant pKA ∼ 8.0. This unusually slow time scale associated with protonation is caused by a significant geometric change from square-antiprismatic (SA) arrangement observed for protonated complex SA-[Eu(Hdo3aNP)]- to twisted-square-antiprismatic (TSA) arrangement found for deprotonated complex TSA-[Eu(do3aNP)]2-. This behavior results in simultaneous occurrence of the signals of both species in the 31P NMR spectra at approximately -118 and +70 ppm, respectively. Such an unprecedented difference in the chemical shifts between species differing by a proton is caused by a significant movement of the principal magnetic axis and by a change of phosphorus atom position in the coordination sphere of the central Eu(III) ion (i.e., by relative movement of the phosphorus atom with respect to the principal magnetic axis). It changes the sign of the paramagnetic contribution to the 31P NMR chemical shift. The properties discovered can be employed in the measurement of pH by MRS techniques as presented by proof-of-principle experiments on phantoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Krchová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030, Prague 2 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague 4 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague 4 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Blahut
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030, Prague 2 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030, Prague 2 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University , Hlavova 2030, Prague 2 128 43, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Herynek V, Turnovcová K, Veverka P, Dědourková T, Žvátora P, Jendelová P, Gálisová A, Kosinová L, Jiráková K, Syková E. Using ferromagnetic nanoparticles with low Curie temperature for magnetic resonance imaging-guided thermoablation. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3801-11. [PMID: 27540292 PMCID: PMC4982507 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) represent a tool for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided thermoablation of tumors using an external high-frequency (HF) magnetic field. To avoid local overheating, perovskite NPs with a lower Curie temperature (Tc) were proposed for use in thermotherapy. However, deposited power decreases when approaching the Curie temperature and consequently may not be sufficient for effective ablation. The goal of the study was to test this hypothesis. Methods Perovskite NPs (Tc =66°C–74°C) were characterized and tested both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the cells suspended with NPs were exposed to a HF magnetic field together with control samples. In vivo, a NP suspension was injected into a induced tumor in rats. Distribution was checked by MRI and the rats were exposed to a HF field together with control animals. Apoptosis in the tissue was evaluated. Results and discussion In vitro, the high concentration of suspended NPs caused an increase of the temperature in the cell sample, leading to cell death. In vivo, MRI confirmed distribution of the NPs in the tumor. The temperature in the tumor with injected NPs did not increase substantially in comparison with animals without particles during HF exposure. We proved that the deposited power from the NPs is too small and that thermoregulation of the animal is sufficient to conduct the heat away. Histology did not detect substantially higher apoptosis in NP-treated animals after ablation. Conclusion Magnetic particles with low Tc can be tracked in vivo by MRI and heated by a HF field. The particles are capable of inducing cell apoptosis in suspensions in vitro at high concentrations only. However, their effect in the case of extracellular deposition in vivo is questionable due to low deposited power and active thermoregulation of the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- MR-Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague
| | | | - Pavel Veverka
- Department of Magnetics and Superconductors, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
| | - Tereza Dědourková
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice; SYNPO, akciová společnost, Pardubice
| | - Pavel Žvátora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Pavla Jendelová
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- MR-Unit, Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague
| | - Lucie Kosinová
- Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Jiráková
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine
| | - Eva Syková
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Patsula V, Kosinová L, Lovrić M, Ferhatovic Hamzić L, Rabyk M, Konefal R, Paruzel A, Šlouf M, Herynek V, Gajović S, Horák D. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: Synthesis by Thermal Decomposition of Iron(III) Glucuronate and Application in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:7238-47. [PMID: 26928653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with oleic acid were prepared by thermal decomposition of Fe(III) glucuronate. The shape, size, and particle size distribution were controlled by varying the reaction parameters, such as the reaction temperature, concentration of the stabilizer, and type of high-boiling-point solvents. Magnetite particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and magnetometer measurements. The particle coating was analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. To make the Fe3O4 nanoparticles dispersible in water, the particle surface was modified with α-carboxyl-ω-bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)phosphonic acid-terminated poly(3-O-methacryloyl-α-D-glucopyranose) (PMG-P). For future practical biomedical applications, nontoxicity plays a key role, and the PMG-P&Fe3O4 nanoparticles were tested on rat mesenchymal stem cells to determine the particle toxicity and their ability to label the cells. MR relaxometry confirmed that the PMG-P&Fe3O4 nanoparticles had high relaxivity but rather low cellular uptake. Nevertheless, the labeled cells still provided visible contrast enhancement in the magnetic resonance image. In addition, the cell viability was not compromised by the nanoparticles. Therefore, the PMG-P&Fe3O4 nanoparticles have the potential to be used in biomedical applications, especially as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Patsula
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kosinová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Marija Lovrić
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Salata 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lejla Ferhatovic Hamzić
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Salata 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mariia Rabyk
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rafal Konefal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksandra Paruzel
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Srećko Gajović
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Salata 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Blahut J, Hermann P, Gálisová A, Herynek V, Císařová I, Tošner Z, Kotek J. Nickel(ii) complexes of N-CH2CF3 cyclam derivatives as contrast agents for 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:474-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04138d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nickel(ii) complexes of N,N′′-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl cyclam derivatives show significant 19F NMR relaxation rate enhancement useful for 19F MRI imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blahut
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University (Univerzita Karlova)
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University (Univerzita Karlova)
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Gálisová
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology
- Magnetic Resonance Unit
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Prague 4
- 140 21 Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology
- Magnetic Resonance Unit
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Prague 4
- 140 21 Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University (Univerzita Karlova)
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Tošner
- NMR Laboratory
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University (Univerzita Karlova)
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kotek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University (Univerzita Karlova)
- 128 43 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jozefovičová M, Herynek V, Jírů F, Dezortová M, Juhásová J, Juhás Š, Klíma J, Bohuslavová B, Motlík J, Hájek M. 31P MR Spectroscopy of the Testes
and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Sperm
of Transgenic Boars Carried N‑terminal Part
of Human Mutated Huntingtin. Cesk Slov Neurol N 2015. [DOI: 10.14735/amcsnn20152s28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
26
|
Jozefovicova M, Herynek V, Jiru F, Dezortova M, Juhasova J, Juhas S, Motlik J, Hajek M. Minipig model of Huntington's disease: ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain. Physiol Res 2015; 65:155-63. [PMID: 26596319 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited autosomal neurodegenerative disorder affecting predominantly the brain, characterized by motor dysfunctions, behavioral and cognitive disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine changes in the brain of transgenic minipigs before HD onset using (1)H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy. Measurements were performed on a 3 T MR scanner using a single voxel spectroscopy sequence for spectra acquisition in the white matter and chemical shift imaging sequence for measurement in the striatum, hippocampus and thalamus. A decrease of (phospho)creatine (tCr) concentration was found only in the thalamus (p=0.002) of transgenic minipigs, nevertheless we found significant changes in metabolite ratios. Increase of the ratio choline compounds (tCho)/tCr was found in all examined areas: striatum (p=0.010), thalamus (p=0.011) as well as hippocampus (p=0.027). The ratio N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA)/tCr (p=0.043) and glutamate+glutamine (Glx)/tCr (p=0.039) was elevated in the thalamus, the ratio myo-inositol (Ins)/tCr (p=0.048) was significantly increased in the hippocampus. No significant differences were observed in the metabolite concentrations in the white matter, however we found significant increase of ratios tNAA/tCr (p=0.018) and tCho/tCr (p=0.003) ratios in transgenic boars. We suppose that the majority of the observed changes are predominantly related to changes in energy metabolism caused by decrease of tCr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jozefovicova
- Magnetic Resonance Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic, Department of NMR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wagnerová D, Herynek V, Dezortová M, Marusič P, Kršek P, Zámečník J, Jírů F, Škoch A, Hájek M. The Relationships Between Quantitative MR Parameters in Hippocampus in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Physiol Res 2015; 64:407-17. [PMID: 25536324 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new magnetic resonance (MR) method based on a pixel-by-pixel image processing to examine relationships between metabolic and structural processes in the pathologic hippocampus. The method was tested for lateralization of the epileptogenic zone in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Twenty patients with drug-resistant TLE and fifteen healthy controls were examined at 3T. The measurement protocol contained T2-weighted MR images, spectroscopic imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and T2 relaxometry. Correlations between quantitative MR parameters were calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis using the CORIMA program which enables automated pixel identification in the normal tissue according to control data. All MR parameters changed in the anteroposterior direction in the hippocampus and correlation patterns and their slopes differed between patients and controls. Combinations of T2 relaxation times with metabolite values represent the best biomarkers of the epileptogenic zone. Correlations with mean diffusivity did not provide sufficiently accurate results due to diffusion image distortions. Quantitative MR analysis non-invasively provides a detailed description of hippocampal pathology and may represent complementary tool to the standard clinical protocol. However, the automated processing should be carefully monitored in order to avoid possible errors caused by MR artifacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Wagnerová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kačenka M, Kaman O, Kikerlová S, Pavlů B, Jirák Z, Jirák D, Herynek V, Černý J, Chaput F, Laurent S, Lukeš I. Fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles for cell labeling: flux synthesis of manganite particles and novel functionalization of silica shell. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 447:97-106. [PMID: 25702866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel synthetic approaches for the development of multimodal imaging agents with high chemical stability are demonstrated. The magnetic cores are based on La0.63Sr0.37MnO3 manganite prepared as individual grains using a flux method followed by additional thermal treatment in a protective silica shell allowing to enhance their magnetic properties. The cores are then isolated and covered de novo with a hybrid silica layer formed through the hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane and a fluorescent silane synthesized from rhodamine, piperazine spacer, and 3-iodopropyltrimethoxysilane. The aminoalkyltrialkoxysilanes are strictly avoided and the resulting particles are hydrolytically stable and do not release dye. The high colloidal stability of the material and the long durability of the fluorescence are reinforced by an additional silica layer on the surface of the particles. Structural and magnetic studies of the products using XRD, TEM, and SQUID magnetometry confirm the importance of the thermal treatment and demonstrate that no mechanical treatment is required for the flux-synthesized manganite. Detailed cell viability tests show negligible or very low toxicity at concentrations at which excellent labeling is achieved. Predominant localization of nanoparticles in lysosomes is confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Relaxometric and biological studies suggest that the functionalized nanoparticles are suitable for imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kačenka
- Institute of Physics AS CR, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Institute of Physics AS CR, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Soňa Kikerlová
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Pavlů
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Jirák
- Institute of Physics AS CR, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jirák
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958, 140 21 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská 1958, 140 21 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Černý
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Frédéric Chaput
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182 ENS-CNRS-UCBL, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedicinal Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Lab, University of Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Ivan Lukeš
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Herynek V, Wagnerová D, Malucelli A, Vymazal J, Sameš M, Hájek M. Alterations in the basal ganglia in patients with brain tumours may be due to excessive iron deposition. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:43-46. [PMID: 25435931 PMCID: PMC4246608 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of iron in the brain is a common physiological process. However, alterations in the deposition of iron or other paramagnetic substances are associated with various diseases. In the present study, the deposition of paramagnetic substances in patients with brain tumours was evaluated using T2 relaxometry. A total of 23 patients with untreated tumours or with recurrent tumours following treatment, together with a group of 19 age-matched healthy controls, were examined using T2 relaxometry at 3T. The relaxation times in the basal ganglia, thalamus and white matter were evaluated. Significantly lower T2 relaxation times were identified in the basal ganglia and thalamus of the patients with tumours, as compared with those of the controls (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was identified between patients with untreated or recurrent brain tumours. The reduction in T2 relaxation times in the brain tumour patients was possibly caused by the accumulation of iron, since iron homeostasis is known to be altered in patients with tumours. We propose that increased iron deposition is a consequence of a higher risk of oxidative stress caused by an increased iron concentration in the plasma or cerebrospinal fluid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská, Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Dita Wagnerová
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská, Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Alberto Malucelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, JE Purkyně University and Masaryk Hospital, Sociální péče, Ústí nad Labem 40113, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Vymazal
- Department of Radiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Roentgenova, Prague 15030, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Sameš
- Department of Neurosurgery, JE Purkyně University and Masaryk Hospital, Sociální péče, Ústí nad Labem 40113, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hájek
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vídeňská, Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Babič M, Schmiedtová M, Poledne R, Herynek V, Horák D. In vivo monitoring of rat macrophages labeled with poly(l-lysine)-iron oxide nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1141-8. [PMID: 25283523 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coprecipitation of FeCl2 and FeCl3 with aqueous ammonia was used to prepare iron oxide nanoparticles dispersible in aqueous medium. Oxidation of the particles with sodium hypochlorite then yielded maghemite (γ-Fe2 O3 ) nanoparticles which were coated with two types of coating -d-mannose or poly(l-lysine) (PLL) as confirmed by FTIR analysis. The particles were <10 nm according to transmission electron microscopy. Their hydrodynamic particle size was ∼180 nm (by dynamic light scattering). The d-mannose-, PLL-coated, and neat γ-Fe2 O3 particles as well as commercial Resovist® were used to label rat macrophages. The viability and contrast properties of labeled macrophages were compared. PLL-coated γ-Fe2 O3 nanoparticles were found optimal. The labeled macrophages were injected to rats monitored in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging up to 48 h. Transport of macrophages labeled with PLL-γ-Fe2 O3 nanoparticles in rats was confirmed. Tracking of macrophages using the developed particles can be used for monitoring of inflammations and cell migration in cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Babič
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Polymer Particles, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Schmiedtová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Poledne
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Herynek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, 140 21, Prague 4, Czech Republic.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská, 1083, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Polymer Particles, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zacharovová K, Berková Z, Jirák D, Herynek V, Vancová M, Dovolilová E, Saudek F. Processing of superparamagnetic iron contrast agent ferucarbotran in transplanted pancreatic islets. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2013; 7:485-93. [PMID: 22991314 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Labeling of pancreatic islets with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles enables their post-transplant monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although the nanoparticles are incorporated into islet cells in culture, little is known about their fate in vivo. We studied the morphology of labeled islets after transplantation, aiming to identify the MRI contrast particles and their relationship to transplantation outcomes. Rat islets labeled with the ferucarbotran were transplanted into the liver or under the kidney capsule of syngeneic and allogeneic rats. After in vivo MRI, morphology was studied by light, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Morphology of syngeneic islets transplanted beneath the kidney capsule vs into the liver was similar. Iron particles were almost completely eliminated from the endocrine cells and remained located in host-derived macrophages surrounding the vital islets for the entire study period. In the allogeneic model, islets lost their function and were completely rejected within nine days following transplantation in both transplant models. However, intercellular transport of the SPIO particles and subsequent MRI findings was different in the liver and kidney. In the liver, the decreasing number of islet-related MRI spots corresponded with clearance of iron particles in rejected islets; in contrast, with renal transplants extensive iron deposits with a high effect on MRI signal persisted in phagocytic cells beneath the capsule. We conclude that MRI detection of the iron contrast agent correlates with islet survival and function in islet transplantation into the liver, while it does not correlate in the case of transplantation beneath the renal capsule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klára Zacharovová
- Laboratory of Langerhans Islets, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vaněček V, Zablotskii V, Forostyak S, Růžička J, Herynek V, Babič M, Jendelová P, Kubinová S, Dejneka A, Syková E. Highly efficient magnetic targeting of mesenchymal stem cells in spinal cord injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3719-30. [PMID: 22888231 PMCID: PMC3414205 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s32824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is currently under study as a therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury, and the number of transplanted cells that reach the lesioned tissue is one of the critical parameters. In this study, intrathecally transplanted cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were guided by a magnetic field and successfully targeted near the lesion site in the rat spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging and histological analysis revealed significant differences in cell numbers and cell distribution near the lesion site under the magnet in comparison to control groups. The cell distribution correlated well with the calculated distribution of magnetic forces exerted on the transplanted cells in the subarachnoid space and lesion site. The kinetics of the cells’ accumulation near the lesion site is described within the framework of a mathematical model that reveals those parameters critical for cell targeting and suggests ways to enhance the efficiency of magnetic cell delivery. In particular, we show that the targeting efficiency can be increased by using magnets that produce spatially modulated stray fields. Such magnetic systems with tunable geometric parameters may provide the additional level of control needed to enhance the efficiency of stem cell delivery in spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Václav Vaněček
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Herynek V, Wagnerová D, Hejlová I, Dezortová M, Hájek M. Changes in the brain during long-term follow-up after liver transplantation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1332-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
34
|
Kriz J, Jirak D, Berkova Z, Herynek V, Lodererova A, Girman P, Habart D, Hajek M, Saudek F. Detection of pancreatic islet allograft impairment in advance of functional failure using magnetic resonance imaging. Transpl Int 2011; 25:250-60. [PMID: 22188036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01403.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict failure of pancreatic islets (PI) transplanted into the hepatic portal vein. Brown-Norway (n = 18) and Lewis (n = 6) rats received islets isolated from Lewis donors. The rejection process in Brown-Norway recipients was mitigated by two different immunosuppressive regimens [tacrolimus + hydrocortisone for 3 months (n = 6) or tacrolimus for 12 days (n = 12)]. Longitudinal MRI monitoring of recipients at post-transplantation weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 confirmed the ability to detect SPIO labeled PI after transplantation into the liver. The relative number of MRI signals related to PI isografts remained stable up to study completion. Recipients of PI allografts were normoglycemic until the end of study; signals declined gradually to 44 ± 17% in these animals. In animals with islets failure during post-transplant week 12, the number of signals decreased to 25 ± 10% of initial values. The difference between groups (islet function/failed) became significant post-transplant week 3. Our data demonstrate that the MRI changes attributable to rejection become apparent within 3 weeks after transplantation, i.e. at least 8 weeks before functional allograft failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kriz
- Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Videnska, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Herynek V, Berková Z, Dovolilová E, Jirák D, Kříž J, Girman P, Saudek F, Hájek M. Improved detection of pancreatic isletsin vivousing double contrast. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2011; 6:308-13. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
36
|
Vyhnanovská P, Dezortová M, Herynek V, Táborský P, Viklický O, Hájek M. In Vivo 31P MR Spectroscopy of Human Kidney Grafts Using the 2D-Chemical Shift Imaging Method. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1570-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
37
|
Abstract
Noninvasive cellular imaging allows the real-time tracking of grafted cells as well as the monitoring of their migration. In this review, we will focus on cell tracking using MRI, since MRI is noninvasive, clinically transferable, and displays good resolution, ranging from 50 μm in animal experiments up to 300 μm using whole body clinical scanners. In addition to information about grafted cells, MRI provides information about the surrounding tissue (i.e., lesion size, edema, inflammation), which may negatively affect graft survival or the functional recovery of the tissue. Transplanted cells are labeled with MR contrast agents in vitro prior to transplantation in order to visualize them in the host tissue. The chapter will focus on the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO), because they have strong effects on T2 relaxation yet do not affect cell viability, and will provide an overview of different modifications of SPIO and their use in MR tracking in living organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Syková
- Institute of Experimental Medicine ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kačenka M, Kaman O, Kotek J, Falteisek L, Černý J, Jirák D, Herynek V, Zacharovová K, Berková Z, Jendelová P, Kupčík J, Pollert E, Veverka P, Lukeš I. Dual imaging probes for magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence microscopy based on perovskite manganite nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01258k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
39
|
Chekina N, Horák D, Jendelová P, Trchová M, Beneš MJ, Hrubý M, Herynek V, Turnovcová K, Syková E. Fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10621j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Pollert E, Kaman O, Veverka P, Veverka M, Marysko M, Záveta K, Kacenka M, Lukes I, Jendelová P, Kaspar P, Burian M, Herynek V. Core-shell La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 nanoparticles as colloidal mediators for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2010; 368:4389-4405. [PMID: 20732893 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell nanoparticles consisting of La(0.75)Sr(0.25)MnO(3) cores covered by silica were synthesized by a procedure consisting of several steps, including the sol-gel method in the presence of citric acid and ethylene glycol, thermal and mechanical treatment, encapsulation employing tetraethoxysilane and final separation by centrifugation in order to get the required size fraction. Morphological studies revealed well-separated particles that form a stable water suspension. Magnetic studies include magnetization measurements and investigation of the ferromagnetic-superparamagnetic-paramagnetic transition. Magnetic heating experiments in 'calorimetric mode' were used to determine the heating efficiency of the particles in water suspension and further employed for biological studies of extracellular and intracellular effects analysed by tests of viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Pollert
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Cukrovarnická 10, 162 53 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kotková Z, Kotek J, Jirák D, Jendelová P, Herynek V, Berková Z, Hermann P, Lukeš I. Cyclodextrin-Based Bimodal Fluorescence/MRI Contrast Agents: An Efficient Approach to Cellular Imaging. Chemistry 2010; 16:10094-102. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
42
|
Babic M, Horák D, Jendelová P, Glogarová K, Herynek V, Trchova M, Likavanová K, Lesný P, Pollert E, Hájek M, Syková E. Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-coated maghemite nanoparticles for stem cell labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:283-94. [PMID: 19238690 DOI: 10.1021/bc800373x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were obtained by the coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe (III) salts with ammonium hydroxide followed by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite. Solution radical polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide(DMAAm) in the presence of maghemite nanoparticles yielded poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)(PDMAAm)-coated maghemite nanoparticles. The presence of PDMAAm on the maghemite particle surface was confirmed by elemental analysis and ATR FTIR spectroscopy. Other methods of nanoparticle characterization involved scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic adsorption spectroscopy (AAS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The conversion of DMAAm during polymerization and the molecular weight of PDMAAmbound to maghemite were determined by using gas and size-exclusion chromatography, respectively. The effect of ionic 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA) initiator on nanoparticle morphology was elucidated. The nanoparticles exhibited long-term colloidal stability in water or physiological buffer. Rat and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were labeled with uncoated and PDMAAm-coated maghemite nanoparticles and with Endorem as a control. Uptake of the nanoparticles was evaluated by Prussian Blue staining, transmission electron microscopy, T(2)-MR relaxometry, and iron content analysis. Significant differences in labeling efficiency were found for human and rat cells. PDMAAm-modified nanoparticles demonstrated a higher efficiency of intracellular uptake into human cells in comparison with that of dextran-modified (Endorem) and unmodified nanoparticles. In gelatin, even a small number of labeled cells changed the contrast in MR images. PDMAAmcoatednanoparticles provided the highest T(2) relaxivity of all the investigated particles. In vivo MR imaging ofPDMAAm-modified iron oxide-labeled rMSCs implanted in a rat brain confirmed their better resolution compared with Endorem-labeled cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Babic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Babic M, Horák D, Trchová M, Jendelová P, Glogarová K, Lesný P, Herynek V, Hájek M, Syková E. Poly(L-lysine)-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for stem cell labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:740-50. [PMID: 18288791 DOI: 10.1021/bc700410z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
New surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles were developed by precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts with ammonium hydroxide and oxidation of the resulting magnetite with sodium hypochlorite, followed by the addition of poly( L-lysine) (PLL) solution. PLL of several molecular weights ranging from 146 ( L-lysine) to 579 000 was tested as a coating to boost the intracellular uptake of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, dynamic light scattering, FTIR, and ultrasonic spectrometry. TEM revealed that the particles were ca. 6 nm in diameter, while FTIR showed that their surfaces were well-coated with PLL. The interaction of PLL-modified iron oxide nanoparticles with DMEM culture medium was verified by UV-vis spectroscopy. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rMSCs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) were labeled with PLL-modified iron oxide nanoparticles or with Endorem (control). Optical microscopy and TEM confirmed the presence of PLL-modified iron oxide nanoparticles inside the cells. Cellular uptake was very high (more than 92%) for PLL-modified nanoparticles that were coated with PLL (molecular weight 388 00) at a concentration of 0.02 mg PLL per milliliter of colloid. The cellular uptake of PLL-modified iron oxide was facilitated by its interaction with the negatively charged cell surface and subsequent endosomolytic uptake. The relaxivity of rMSCs labeled with PLL-modified iron oxide and the amount of iron in the cells were determined. PLL-modified iron oxide-labeled rMSCs were imaged in vitro and in vivo after intracerebral grafting into the contralateral hemisphere of the adult rat brain. The implanted cells were visible on magnetic resonance (MR) images as a hypointense area at the injection site and in the lesion. In comparison with Endorem, nanoparticles modified with PLL of an optimum molecular weight demonstrated a higher efficiency of intracellular uptake by MSC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Babic
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, v v i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jirák D, Námĕstková K, Herynek V, Liscák R, Vymazal J, Mares V, Syková E, Hájek M. Lesion evolution after gamma knife irradiation observed by magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Radiat Biol 2007; 83:237-44. [PMID: 17575951 DOI: 10.1080/09553000601169792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study is focused on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) observation of lesion development and hippocampus related functional impairments in rats after irradiation with a Leksell Gamma knife (LGK). MATERIALS AND METHODS We exposed 32 three-month-old Long-Evans rats to various radiation doses (25 Gy, 50 Gy or 75 Gy). The rats were scanned by a 4.7 T magnetic resonance (MR) spectrometer at several timepoints (1 - 18 months) after irradiation. The lesion size was evaluated by manual segmentation; the animals were behaviorally tested in a Morris water maze and examined histologically. RESULTS We found that a dose of 25 Gy induced no edema, necrosis or behavioral change. The response of the rats to higher doses was not uniform; the first occurrence of lesions in the rat brains irradiated with 50 and 75 Gy was detected six months post-irradiation. Functional impairment correlated well with the lesion size and histology. CONCLUSIONS Rat brains showed the development of expanding delayed lesions after 50 or 75 Gy doses from the LGK during the first year after irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Jirák
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Horak D, Babic M, Jendelová P, Herynek V, Trchová M, Pientka Z, Pollert E, Hájek M, Syková E. D-mannose-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for stem cell labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:635-44. [PMID: 17370996 DOI: 10.1021/bc060186c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles were developed by precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts with ammonium hydroxide according to two methods. In the first method, precipitation was done in the presence of D-mannose solution (in situ coating); the second method involved oxidation of precipitated magnetite with sodium hypochlorite followed by addition of D-mannose solution (postsynthesis coating). Selected nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), elemental analysis, dynamic light scattering, infrared (IR), X-ray powder analysis, and ultrasonic spectrometry. While the first preparation method produced very fine nanoparticles ca. 2 nm in diameter, the second one yielded ca. 6 nm particles. Addition of D-mannose after synthesis did not affect the iron oxide particle size. UV-vis spectroscopy suggested that D-mannose suppresses the nonspecific sorption of serum proteins from DMEM culture medium on magnetic nanoparticles. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rMSCs) were labeled with uncoated and d-mannose-modified iron oxide nanoparticles and with Endorem (Guerbet, France; control). Optical and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of D-mannose-modified iron oxide nanoparticles inside the cells. D-mannose-modified nanoparticles crossed the cell membranes and were internalized well by the cells. Relaxivity measurements of labeled cells in gelatin revealed very high relaxivities only for postsynthesis D-mannose-coated iron oxide nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Horak
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jendelová P, Herynek V, Urdziková L, Glogarová K, Rahmatová S, Fales I, Andersson B, Procházka P, Zamecník J, Eckschlager T, Kobylka P, Hájek M, Syková E. Magnetic resonance tracking of human CD34+ progenitor cells separated by means of immunomagnetic selection and transplanted into injured rat brain. Cell Transplant 2005; 14:173-82. [PMID: 15929552 DOI: 10.3727/000000005783983124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a noninvasive method for studying the fate of transplanted cells in vivo. We studied whether superparamagnetic nanoparticles (CD34 microbeads), used clinically for specific magnetic sorting, can be used as a magnetic cell label for in vivo cell visualization. Human cells from peripheral blood were selected by CliniMACS CD34 Selection Technology (Miltenyi). Purified CD34+ cells were implanted into rats with a cortical photochemical lesion, contralaterally to the lesion. Twenty-four hours after grafting, the implanted cells were detected in the contralateral hemisphere as a hypointense spot on T2 weighted images; the hypointensity of the implant decreased during the first week. At the lesion site we observed a hypointensive signal 10 days after grafting that persisted for the next 3 weeks, until the end of the experiment. Prussian blue and anti-human nuclei staining confirmed the presence of magnetically labeled human cells in the corpus callosum and in the lesion 4 weeks after grafting. CD34+ cells were also found in the subventricular zone (SVZ). Human DNA (a human-specific 850 base pair fragment of alpha-satellite DNA from human chromosome 17) was detected in brain tissue sections from the lesion using PCR, confirming the presence of human cells. Our results show that CD34 microbeads superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be used as a magnetic cell label for in vivo cell visualization. The fact that microbeads coated with different commercially available antibodies can bind to specific cell types opens extensive possibilities for cell tracking in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Jendelová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hájek M, Adamovicová M, Herynek V, Skoch A, Jírů F, Krepelová A, Dezortová M. MR relaxometry and 1H MR spectroscopy for the determination of iron and metabolite concentrations in PKAN patients. Eur Radiol 2004; 15:1060-8. [PMID: 15565311 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-004-2553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2004] [Revised: 10/12/2004] [Accepted: 10/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of iron deposits on T2 values and the content of metabolites in the brain of three patients with DNA proved pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN, formerly Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome) was studied. An eye-of-the-tiger sign, a typical MR finding for PKAN, was observed in two patients with the same mutation. A hypointensive lesion in a whole globus pallidus was observed in the third patient with the additional mutation. T2 values in the globus pallidus of the patients were about 40% shorter than in controls (71/48 ms in controls vs. patients), which corresponds to the increase of Fe concentration based on the ferritin basis from 17 mg for controls to 48 mg (100 g wet brain weight) in PKAN patients. 1H MR spectroscopy (MRS) has mainly been used to describe neuronal damage represented by decreased NAA (6.4 mmol vs. 9 mmol) and Cr/PCr (7.0 mmol vs. 9.8 mmol) concentrations in the basal ganglia region of the patient group to controls; MRS is much more case-sensitive and describes individual development of the disease as demonstrated in the difference between the spectra of typical PKAN patients (1, 2), and the patient (3) with atypical PKAN development. Any significant changes of metabolite concentration with the exception glutamine, glutamate and GABA were found in the white matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Hájek
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
A promising treatment method for type 1 diabetes mellitus is transplantation of pancreatic islets containing beta-cells. The aim of this study was to develop an MR technique to monitor the distribution and fate of transplanted pancreatic islets in an animal model. Twenty-five hundred purified and magnetically labeled islets were transplanted through the portal vein into the liver of experimental rats. The animals were scanned using a MR 4.7-T scanner. The labeled pancreatic islets were clearly visualized in the liver in both diabetic and healthy rats as hypointense areas on T2*-weighted MR images during the entire measurement period. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of iron-oxide nanoparticles inside the cells of the pancreatic islets. A significant decrease in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats was observed; normal glycemia was reached 1 week after transplantation. This study, therefore, represents a promising step toward possible clinical application in human medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jirák
- Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Herynek V, Burian M, Jirák D, Liscák R, Námestková K, Hájek M, Syková E. Metabolite and diffusion changes in the rat brain after Leksell Gamma Knife irradiation. Magn Reson Med 2004; 52:397-402. [PMID: 15282823 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.20150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Our study describes the time course of necrotic damage to the rat brain resulting from Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) irradiation at a dose that was previously considered to be subnecrotic. A lesion induced in the rat hippocampus by 35 Gy irradiation was monitored by MRI, MRS, and DW-MRI for 16 months. T2-weighted images revealed a large hyperintense area with an increased apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADCw), which occurred 8 months after irradiation, accompanied by metabolic changes (increase of lactate (Lac) and choline (Cho), and decrease of creatine (Cr) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), as determined by MRS) that indicated an edema. In two animals, the hyperintensity persisted and a postnecrotic cavity connected to enlarged lateral ventricles developed. In the rest of the animals, the hyperintensity started to decrease 9 months post-irradiation (PI), revealing hypointense areas with a decreased ADCw. Histology confirmed the MRI data, showing either scar formation or the development of a postnecrotic cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Herynek
- MR Unit, Radiology Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jendelová P, Herynek V, Urdzíková L, Glogarová K, Kroupová J, Andersson B, Bryja V, Burian M, Hájek M, Syková E. Magnetic resonance tracking of transplanted bone marrow and embryonic stem cells labeled by iron oxide nanoparticles in rat brain and spinal cord. J Neurosci Res 2004; 76:232-43. [PMID: 15048921 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides a noninvasive method for studying the fate of transplanted cells in vivo. We studied, in animals with a cortical photochemical lesion or with a balloon-induced spinal cord compression lesion, the fate of implanted rat bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Endorem). MSCs were colabeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and ESCs were transfected with pEGFP-C1 (eGFP ESCs). Cells were either grafted intracerebrally into the contralateral hemisphere of the adult rat brain or injected intravenously. In vivo MR imaging was used to track their fate; Prussian blue staining and electron microscopy confirmed the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles inside the cells. During the first week postimplantation, grafted cells migrated to the lesion site and populated the border zone of the lesion. Less than 3% of MSCs differentiated into neurons and none into astrocytes; 5% of eGFP ESCs differentiated into neurons, whereas 70% of eGFP ESCs became astrocytes. The implanted cells were visible on MR images as a hypointense area at the injection site, in the corpus callosum and in the lesion. The hypointense signal persisted for more than 50 days. The presence of GFP-positive or BrdU-positive and nanoparticle-labeled cells was confirmed by histological staining. Our study demonstrates that both grafted MSCs and eGFP ESCs labeled with a contrast agent based on iron oxide nanoparticles migrate into the injured CNS. Iron oxide nanoparticles can therefore be used as a marker for the long-term noninvasive MR tracking of implanted stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Jendelová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|