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Di Martino M, Sessa L, Diana R, Piotto S, Concilio S. Recent Progress in Photoresponsive Biomaterials. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093712. [PMID: 37175122 PMCID: PMC10180172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoresponsive biomaterials have garnered increasing attention recently due to their ability to dynamically regulate biological interactions and cellular behaviors in response to light. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the design, synthesis, and applications of photoresponsive biomaterials, including photochromic molecules, photocleavable linkers, and photoreactive polymers. We highlight the various approaches used to control the photoresponsive behavior of these materials, including modulation of light intensity, wavelength, and duration. Additionally, we discuss the applications of photoresponsive biomaterials in various fields, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing, and optical storage. A selection of significant cutting-edge articles collected in recent years has been discussed based on the structural pattern and light-responsive performance, focusing mainly on the photoactivity of azobenzene, hydrazone, diarylethenes, and spiropyrans, and the design of smart materials as the most targeted and desirable application. Overall, this review highlights the potential of photoresponsive biomaterials to enable spatiotemporal control of biological processes and opens up exciting opportunities for developing advanced biomaterials with enhanced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Di Martino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Bionam Research Centre for Biomaterials, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Bionam Research Centre for Biomaterials, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Bionam Research Centre for Biomaterials, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Wu K, Wu X, Zhang Y, Chen S, Qiao Z, Wei D, Sun J, Fan H. Semiconvertible Hyaluronic Hydrogel Enabled Red-Light-Responsive Reversible Mechanics, Adhesion, and Self-Healing. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1030-1040. [PMID: 35029368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular hydrogels based on the host-guest interaction between cyclodextrin (CD) and azobenzene (Azo) are highly favored in "on-demand" biological applications. Nevertheless, most Azo/CD-based hydrogels are UV-responsive, exhibiting poor tissue penetrability and potential cytotoxicity; more importantly, the complete gel-sol transition under irradiation makes intelligent systems unstable. Here, we report a red-light-responsive semiconvertible hydrogel based on tetra-ortho-methoxy-substituted Azo (mAzo)- and CD-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA). By integrating red-shifted-photoisomerized mAzo with HA, a biocompatible 625 nm-light-responsive polymeric guest with strengthened hydrogen bonding and weakened photoisomerization was synthesized. Upon alternating irradiation, mAzo-HA/CD-HA hydrogels obtained here exhibited reversible mechanical and structural dynamics, while avoiding complete gel-sol transition. This improved semiconvertibility remedies the lack of macroscopic resilience for dynamic system so as to endow supramolecular hydrogels with spatial-temporal mechanics, self-healing, and adhesion. Together with excellent cytocompatibility and manufacturability, these hydrogels show potential advantages in tissue engineering, especially for the regeneration of functional multi-tissue complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Suping Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Zi Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
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Klimkevicius V, Voronovic E, Jarockyte G, Skripka A, Vetrone F, Rotomskis R, Katelnikovas A, Karabanovas V. Polymer brush coated upconverting nanoparticles with improved colloidal stability and cellular labeling. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:625-636. [PMID: 34989749 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01644j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess great potential for biomedical application. UCNPs absorb and convert near-infrared (NIR) radiation in the biological imaging window to visible (Vis) and even ultraviolet (UV) radiation. NIR excitation offers reduced scattering and diminished autofluorescence in biological samples, whereas the emitted UV-Vis and NIR photons can be used for cancer treatment and imaging, respectively. However, UCNPs are usually synthesized in organic solvents and are not readily suitable for biomedical application due to the hydrophobic nature of their surface. Herein, we have removed the hydrophobic ligands from the synthesized UCNPs and coated the bare UCNPs with two custom-made hydrophilic polyelectrolytes (synthesized via the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method). Polymers containing different amounts of PEGylated and carboxylic groups were studied. Coating with both polymers increased the upconversion (UC) emission intensity and photoluminescence lifetime values of the UCNPs, which directly translates to more efficient cancer cell labeling nanoprobes. The polymer composition plays a crucial role in the modification of UCNPs, not only with respect to their colloidal stability, but also with respect to the cellular uptake. Colloidally unstable bare UCNPs aggregate in cell culture media and precipitate, rendering themselves unsuitable for any biomedical use. However, stabilization with polymers prevents UCNPs from aggregation, increases their uptake in cells, and improves the quality of cellular labeling. This investigation sheds light on the appropriate coating for UCNPs and provides relevant insights for the rational development of imaging and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidas Klimkevicius
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Evelina Voronovic
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania.,Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Greta Jarockyte
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Artiom Skripka
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650, boul. Lionel-Boulet, J3X 1S2, Varennes, QC, Canada
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, 1650, boul. Lionel-Boulet, J3X 1S2, Varennes, QC, Canada
| | - Ricardas Rotomskis
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Biophotonics Group of Laser Research Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 9, c.3, LT-10222, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arturas Katelnikovas
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Vitalijus Karabanovas
- Biomedical Physics Laboratory of National Cancer Institute, Baublio 3B, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania. .,Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Abstract
Azobenzenes are archetypal molecules that have a central role in fundamental and applied research. Over the course of almost two centuries, the area of azobenzenes has witnessed great achievements; azobenzenes have evolved from simple dyes to 'little engines' and have become ubiquitous in many aspects of our lives, ranging from textiles, cosmetics, food and medicine to energy and photonics. Despite their long history, azobenzenes continue to arouse academic interest, while being intensively produced for industrial purposes, owing to their rich chemistry, versatile and straightforward design, robust photoswitching process and biodegradability. The development of azobenzenes has stimulated the production of new coloured and light-responsive materials with various applications, and their use continues to expand towards new high-tech applications. In this Review, we highlight the latest achievements in the synthesis of red-light-responsive azobenzenes and the emerging application areas of photopharmacology, photoswitchable adhesives and biodegradable materials for drug delivery. We show how the synthetic versatility and adaptive properties of azobenzenes continue to inspire new research directions, with limits imposed only by one's imagination.
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Bernhard S, Tibbitt MW. Supramolecular engineering of hydrogels for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:240-256. [PMID: 33561451 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular binding motifs are increasingly employed in the design of biomaterials. The ability to rationally engineer specific yet reversible associations into polymer networks with supramolecular chemistry enables injectable or sprayable hydrogels that can be applied via minimally invasive administration. In this review, we highlight two main areas where supramolecular binding motifs are being used in the design of drug delivery systems: engineering network mechanics and tailoring drug-material affinity. Throughout, we highlight many of the established and emerging chemistries or binding motifs that are useful for the design of supramolecular hydrogels for drug delivery applications.
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Li K, Zang X, Cheng M, Chen X. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles based on poly acrylic derivatives for tumor therapy. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120506. [PMID: 33798689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Serve side effects caused by discriminate damage of chemotherapeutic drugs to normal cell and cancer cells remain a main obstacle in clinic. Hence, continuous efforts have been made to find ways to effectively enhance drug delivery and reduce side effects. Recent decades have witnessed impressive progresses in fighting against cancer, with improved understanding of tumor microenvironment and rapid development in nanoscale drug delivery system (DDS). Nanocarriers based on biocompatible materials provide possibilities to improve antitumor efficiency and minimize off-target effects. Among all kinds of biocompatible materials applied in DDS, polymeric acrylic derivatives such as poly(acrylamide), poly(acrylic acid), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) present inherent biocompatibility and stimuli-responsivity, and relatively easy to be functionalized. Furthermore, nanocarrier based on polymeric acrylic derivatives have demonstrated high drug encapsulation, improved uptake efficiency, prolonged circulation time and satisfactory therapeutic outcome in tumor. In this review, we aim to discuss recent progress in design and development of stimulus-responsive poly acrylic polymer based nanocarriers for tumor targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
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Lyu Y, Azevedo HS. Supramolecular Hydrogels for Protein Delivery in Tissue Engineering. Molecules 2021; 26:873. [PMID: 33562215 PMCID: PMC7914635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins, such as growth factors (GFs), have been used in tissue engineering (TE) approaches for their ability to provide signals to cells and orchestrate the formation of functional tissue. However, to be effective and minimize off-target effects, GFs should be delivered at the target site with temporal control. In addition, protein drugs are typically sensitive water soluble macromolecules with delicate structure. As such, hydrogels, containing large amounts of water, provide a compatible environment for the direct incorporation of proteins within the hydrogel network, while their release rate can be tuned by engineering the network chemistry and density. Being formed by transient crosslinks, afforded by non-covalent interactions, supramolecular hydrogels offer important advantages for protein delivery applications. This review describes various types of supramolecular hydrogels using a repertoire of diverse building blocks, their use for protein delivery and their further application in TE contexts. By reviewing the recent literature on this topic, the merits of supramolecular hydrogels are highlighted as well as their limitations, with high expectations for new advances they will provide for TE in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena S. Azevedo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK;
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Ji W, Wu Q, Han X, Zhang W, Wei W, Chen L, Li L, Huang W. Photosensitive hydrogels: from structure, mechanisms, design to bioapplications. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1813-1828. [PMID: 33216277 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel is a smart material with a three-dimensional network structure and has been widely used in various fields due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and modification. Photosensitive hydrogel is a smart hydrogel, and its amenability to remote, precise control, and flexible and convenient regulation of stimulating factors make it an ideal candidate for use in fields such as biological materials, drug carriers, and sensors. In this review, we discuss the structure, mechanisms, design principles, and bioapplications of photosensitive hydrogels as developed in recent years. Finally, their potential for development and potential future challenges are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Xisi Han
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.,Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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Wu K, Sun J, Ma Y, Wei D, Lee O, Luo H, Fan H. Spatiotemporal regulation of dynamic cell microenvironment signals based on an azobenzene photoswitch. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:9212-9226. [PMID: 32929441 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01737j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic biochemical and biophysical signals of cellular matrix define and regulate tissue-specific cell functions and fate. To recapitulate this complex environment in vitro, biomaterials based on structural- or degradation-tunable polymers have emerged as powerful platforms for regulating the "on-demand" cell-material dynamic interplay. As one of the most prevalent photoswitch molecules, the photoisomerization of azobenzene demonstrates a unique advantage in the construction of dynamic substrates. Moreover, the development of azobenzene-containing biomaterials is particularly helpful in elucidating cells that adapt to a dynamic microenvironment or integrate spatiotemporal variations of signals. Herein, this minireview, places emphasis on the research progress of azobenzene photoswitches in the dynamic regulation of matrix signals. Some techniques and material design methods have been discussed to provide some theoretical guidance for the rational and efficient design of azopolymer-based material platforms. In addition, considering that the UV-light response of traditional azobenzene photoswitches is not conducive to biological applications, we have summarized the recent approaches to red-shifting the light wavelength for azobenzene activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yanzhe Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Oscar Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hongrong Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
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Li Y, Feng J, Huang Y, Qin Y, Jiang D, Chen HY. Upconverting ion-selective nanoparticles for the imaging of intracellular calcium ions. Analyst 2020; 145:4768-4771. [PMID: 32538398 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00454e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting ion-selective nanoparticles that emit light at the near-infrared region are prepared here. The transport of calcium ions induces the deprotonation of the incorporated chromoionophore (P6) through ion exchange resulting in an increase in the emission of UCNPs for the detection of intracellular calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210092, China.
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Zhang YM, Liu YH, Liu Y. Cyclodextrin-Based Multistimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Assemblies and Their Biological Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1806158. [PMID: 30773709 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs), which are a class of cyclic oligosaccharides extracted from the enzymatic degradation of starch, are often utilized in molecular recognition and assembly constructs, primarily via host-guest interactions in water. In this review, recent progress in CD-based supramolecular nanoassemblies that are sensitive to chemical, biological, and physical stimuli is updated and reviewed, and intriguing examples of the biological functions of these nanoassemblies are presented, including pH- and redox-responsive drug and gene delivery, enzyme-activated specific cargo release, photoswitchable morphological interconversion, microtubular aggregation, and cell-cell communication, as well as a geomagnetism-controlled nanosystem for the suppression of tumor invasion and metastasis. Moreover, future perspectives and challenges in the fabrication of intelligent CD-based biofunctional materials are also discussed at the end of this review, which is expected to promote the translational development of these nanomaterials in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ming Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yao-Hua Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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Kar T, Patra N. Pyrene‐based fluorescent supramolecular hydrogel: scaffold for nanoparticle synthesis. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Kar
- Department of ChemistryVivekananda Mission Mahavidyalaya Chaitanyapur, Haldia West Bengal India
| | - Nitai Patra
- Centre for Surface Science, Physical Chemistry Section, Department of ChemistryJadavpur University Kolkata West Bengal India
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Maurizio SL, Tessitore G, Mandl GA, Capobianco JA. Luminescence dynamics and enhancement of the UV and visible emissions of Tm 3+ in LiYF 4:Yb 3+,Tm 3+ upconverting nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4492-4500. [PMID: 36134410 PMCID: PMC9417519 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00556k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To maximize the intrinsic luminescence efficiency of the higher energy emissions of Tm3+ in LiYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconverting nanoparticles, we investigated a specific range of Tm3+ dopant concentrations. Reported to be optimized at 25% Yb3+, 0.5% Tm3+, due to the multitude of Tm3+-to-Tm3+ interactions, the Tm3+ concentration commonly used may not be suitable for strong UV and visible emissions. Thus, we varied the concentration of Tm3+ in LiYF4 nanoparticles between 0.08 and 0.55% to elucidate the effect of moderate changes of the dopant concentration on the UV, visible and NIR emissions. We determined a new optimized concentration of 0.24% Tm3+ for maximal UV and visible emissions (nominally 0.2%). An extensive analysis of the luminescence spectra in the UV, visible and NIR regions and decay time measurements provides evidence for new luminescence mechanisms involving cross-relaxation pathways from the UV-emitting states of Tm3+. Furthermore, we performed studies on an azobenzene derivative to demonstrate the substantial enhancement of the UV emissions by the newly optimized composition as evidenced by an increase in the degree of trans-cis photoisomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Gabriella Tessitore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Gabrielle A Mandl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - John A Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
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Reversible Mechanical Regulation and Splicing Ability of Alginate-Based Gel Based on Photo-Responsiveness of Molecular-Level Conformation. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12182919. [PMID: 31505857 PMCID: PMC6766279 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, benefiting from the sensitive molecular conformation transversion in azobenzene, a new strategy for fabricating alginate gels with the abilities of splicing and photo-responsive mechanical adjustment is reported. Firstly, a 4,4’-azobis(benzoylhydrazide) (Azo-hydrazide) linker was used to crosslink alginate physically via the electrostatic interaction between hydrazide groups and carboxyl groups. It was then shaped and transferred in situ to a chemically crosslinked gel via 450 nm light irradiation. Under the irradiation, the molecular conformation change of azobenzene in the linker was able to form covalent bonds at the crosslinking points of the gels. Furthermore, the reversible conformation transformation of azobenzene was able to induce the increase and decrease of the storage modulus under irradiation with 365 nm light and 450 nm light, respectively, while also providing gel-like mechanical properties, depending upon the irradiation time and given wavelength. Meanwhile, the results also indicated that active groups could contribute to the splicing ability of the gel and construct a hollow cavity structure. It is believed that this work could provide a versatile strategy for preparing photo-responsive gels with reversibly tunable mechanical properties.
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Tessitore G, Maurizio SL, Sabri T, Capobianco JA. Intrinsic Time‐Tunable Emissions in Core–Shell Upconverting Nanoparticle Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tessitore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience ResearchConcordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Steven L. Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience ResearchConcordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Tarek Sabri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience ResearchConcordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - John A. Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience ResearchConcordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
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Tessitore G, Maurizio SL, Sabri T, Capobianco JA. Intrinsic Time-Tunable Emissions in Core-Shell Upconverting Nanoparticle Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9742-9751. [PMID: 31161694 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Color-tunable luminescence has been extensively investigated in upconverting nanoparticles for diverse applications, each exploiting emissions in different spectral regions. Manipulation of the emission wavelength is accomplished by varying the composition of the luminescent material or the characteristics of the excitation source. Herein, we propose core-shell β-NaGdF4 : Tm3+ , Yb3+ /β-NaGdF4 : Tb3+ nanoparticles as intrinsic time-tunable luminescent materials. The time dependency of the emission wavelength only depends on the different decay time of the two emitters, without additional variation of the dopant concentration or pumping source. The time-tunable emission was recorded with a commercially available camera. The dynamics of the emissions is thoroughly investigated, and we established that the energy transfer from the 1 D2 excited state of Tm3+ ions to the higher energy excited states of Tb3+ ions to be the principal mechanism to the population of the 5 D4 level for the Tb3+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tessitore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Steven L Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Tarek Sabri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - John A Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
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17
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Matellan C, Del Río Hernández AE. Engineering the cellular mechanical microenvironment - from bulk mechanics to the nanoscale. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/9/jcs229013. [PMID: 31040223 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.229013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of mechanobiology studies how mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as stiffness, and other mechanical stimuli regulate cell behaviour. Recent advancements in the field and the development of novel biomaterials and nanofabrication techniques have enabled researchers to recapitulate the mechanical properties of the microenvironment with an increasing degree of complexity on more biologically relevant dimensions and time scales. In this Review, we discuss different strategies to engineer substrates that mimic the mechanical properties of the ECM and outline how these substrates have been applied to gain further insight into the biomechanical interaction between the cell and its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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18
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Zhang Y, Lu G, Yu Y, Zhang H, Gao J, Sun Z, Lu Y, Zou H. NIR-Responsive Copolymer Upconversion Nanocomposites for Triggered Drug Release in Vitro and in Vivo. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:495-503. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangzhao Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiguo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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19
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Accardo JV, Kalow JA. Reversibly tuning hydrogel stiffness through photocontrolled dynamic covalent crosslinks. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5987-5993. [PMID: 30079213 PMCID: PMC6050525 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the physical properties of soft materials with external stimuli enables researchers to mimic and study dynamic systems. Of particular interest are hydrogels, polymer networks swollen by water with broad applicability to biomedicine. To control hydrogel mechanics with light, researchers have relied on a limited number of photochemical reactions. Here we introduce an approach to reversibly tune hydrogel mechanics with light by manipulating the stability of dynamic covalent crosslinks at the molecular level. The equilibrium between a boronic acid and diol to form a boronic ester can be altered by the configuration of an adjacent azobenzene photoswitch. By irradiating branched polymers bearing azobenzene-boronic acid and diol end groups with two different wavelengths of light, we can stiffen or soften the resulting hydrogel. Alternating irradiation induces reversible mechanical changes. Rheological characterization reveals that the hydrogels are viscoelastic, exhibiting stress relaxation on the order of seconds, and the stiffness is tuned independently of the crossover frequency. We have also demonstrated that this approach can be extended to use visible light for both softening and stiffening. These photocontrolled dynamic covalent crosslinks provide a versatile platform for tunable dynamic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph V Accardo
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd. , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd. , Evanston , IL 60208 , USA .
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20
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Echeverria C, Fernandes SN, Godinho MH, Borges JP, Soares PIP. Functional Stimuli-Responsive Gels: Hydrogels and Microgels. Gels 2018; 4:E54. [PMID: 30674830 PMCID: PMC6209286 DOI: 10.3390/gels4020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One strategy that has gained much attention in the last decades is the understanding and further mimicking of structures and behaviours found in nature, as inspiration to develop materials with additional functionalities. This review presents recent advances in stimuli-responsive gels with emphasis on functional hydrogels and microgels. The first part of the review highlights the high impact of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in materials science. From macro to micro scale, the review also collects the most recent studies on the preparation of hybrid polymeric microgels composed of a nanoparticle (able to respond to external stimuli), encapsulated or grown into a stimuli-responsive matrix (microgel). This combination gave rise to interesting multi-responsive functional microgels and paved a new path for the preparation of multi-stimuli "smart" systems. Finally, special attention is focused on a new generation of functional stimuli-responsive polymer hydrogels able to self-shape (shape-memory) and/or self-repair. This last functionality could be considered as the closing loop for smart polymeric gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coro Echeverria
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Susete N Fernandes
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Maria H Godinho
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Borges
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Paula I P Soares
- I3N/CENIMAT, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
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