1
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Li RP, Xu X, Zhang Z, Gong X, Tang S. Anion Relay Chemistry Enables Stereoselective Carbonyl-Alkyne Metathesis Reactions. Org Lett 2024; 26:7601-7606. [PMID: 39230513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Dithiane chemistry is increasingly advantageous in the development of novel anion relay chemistry (ARC) modes that harness their umpolung properties to address new chemical challenges. Herein, we report the use of an ARC strategy to promote the regioselective carbonyl alkyne metathesis (CAM) of various carbonyl compounds with alkynyl 1,3-dithianes. Notably, this ARC transformation provides a platform for obtaining stereodefined polysubstituted 1,3-dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Peng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhuzhu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shouchu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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2
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Zhu XQ, Yang HY, Ye LW. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reaction via Vinylidene Ortho-Quinone Methides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402247. [PMID: 38923595 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Vinylidene ortho-quinone methides (VQMs) have been proven to be versatile and crucial intermediates in the catalytic asymmetric reaction in last decade, and thus have drawn considerable concentrations on account of the practical application in the construction of enantiomerically pure functional organic molecules. However, in comparison to the well established chiral Brønsted base-catalyzed asymmetric reaction via VQMs, chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed reaction is rarely studied and there is no systematic summary to date. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed asymmetric reaction via VQMs according to three types of reactions: a) intermolecular asymmetric nucleophilic addition to VQMs; b) intermolecular asymmetric cycloaddition of VQMs; c) intramolecular asymmetric cyclization of VQMs. Finally, we put forward the remained challenges and opportunities for potential breakthroughs in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hai-Yu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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3
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Fu Y, Simeth NA, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Visible and near-infrared light-induced photoclick reactions. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:665-685. [PMID: 39112717 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Photoclick reactions combine the advantages offered by light-driven processes, that is, non-invasive and high spatiotemporal control, with classical click chemistry and have found applications ranging from surface functionalization, polymer conjugation, photocrosslinking, protein labelling and bioimaging. Despite these advances, most photoclick reactions typically require near-ultraviolet (UV) and mid-UV light to proceed. UV light can trigger undesirable responses, including cellular apoptosis, and therefore, visible and near-infrared light-induced photoclick reaction systems are highly desirable. Shifting to a longer wavelength can also reduce degradation of the photoclick reagents and products. Several strategies have been used to induce a bathochromic shift in the wavelength of irradiation-initiating photoclick reactions. For instance, the extension of the conjugated π-system, triplet-triplet energy transfer, multi-photon excitation, upconversion technology, photocatalytic and photoinitiation approaches, and designs involving photocages have all been used to achieve this goal. Current design strategies, recent advances and the outlook for long wavelength-driven photoclick reactions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxin Fu
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Photopharmacology and Imaging, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Li K, Zhao Z, Qin W, Liu Y, Yan H. Catalytic asymmetric construction of bridged bicyclo[ m.3.1] rings using an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9570-9573. [PMID: 39139075 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02850c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we presented an enantioselective intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) reaction with vinyl branched vinylidene ortho-quinone methide (VQM). The control of site selectivity in the IMDA reaction led to both chiral bridged bicyclo[4.3.1] and [5.3.1] architectures with high isolated yields (up to 85%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengxing Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Wenling Qin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Yidong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Hailong Yan
- Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 408000, P. R. China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
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5
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Gao L, Ding Q, Lei X. Hunting for the Intermolecular Diels-Alderase. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:2166-2183. [PMID: 38994670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe Diels-Alder reaction is well known as a concerted [4 + 2] cycloaddition governed by the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. Since Prof. Otto Diels and his student Kurt Alder initially reported the intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition between cyclopentadiene and quinone in 1928, it has been recognized as one of the most powerful chemical transformations to build C-C bonds and construct cyclic structures. This named reaction has been widely used in synthesizing natural products and drug molecules. Driven by the synthetic importance of the Diels-Alder reaction, identifying the enzyme that stereoselectively catalyzes the Diels-Alder reaction has become an intriguing research area in natural product biosynthesis and biocatalysis. With significant progress in sequencing and bioinformatics, dozens of Diels-Alderases have been characterized in microbial natural product biosynthesis. However, few are evolutionally dedicated to catalyzing an intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction with a concerted mechanism.This Account summarizes our endeavors to hunt for the naturally occurring intermolecular Diels-Alderase from plants. Our research journey started from the biomimetic syntheses of D-A-type terpenoids and flavonoids, showing that plants use both nonenzymatic and enzymatic intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloadditions to create complex molecules. Inspired by the biomimetic syntheses, we identify an intermolecular Diels-Alderase hidden in the biosynthetic pathway of mulberry Diels-Alder-type cycloadducts using a biosynthetic intermediate probe-based target identification strategy. This enzyme, MaDA, is an endo-selective Diels-Alderase and is then functionally characterized as a standalone intermolecular Diels-Alderase with a concerted but asynchronous mechanism. We also discover the exo-selective intermolecular Diels-Alderases in Morus plants. Both the endo- and exo-selective Diels-Alderases feature a broad substrate scope, but their mechanisms for controlling the endo/exo pathway are different. These unique intermolecular Diels-Alderases phylogenetically form a subgroup of FAD-dependent enzymes that can be found only in moraceous plants, explaining why this type of [4 + 2] cycloadduct is unique to moraceous plants. Further studies of the evolutionary mechanism reveal that an FAD-dependent oxidocyclase could acquire the Diels-Alderase activity via four critical amino acid mutations and then gradually lose its original oxidative activity to become a standalone Diels-Alderase during the natural evolution. Based on these insights, we designed new Diels-Alderases and achieved the diversity-oriented chemoenzymatic synthesis of D-A products using either naturally occurring or engineered Diels-Alderases.Overall, this Account describes our decade-long efforts to discover the intermolecular Diels-Alderases in Morus plants, particularly highlighting the importance of biomimetic synthesis and chemical proteomics in discovering new intermolecular Diels-Alderases from plants. Meanwhile, this Account also covers the evolutionary and catalytic mechanism study of intermolecular Diels-Alderases that may provide new insights into how to discover and design new Diels-Alderases as powerful biocatalysts for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qi Ding
- School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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6
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Tokushige K, Abe T. Formal One Carbon Deletion of Indoline Hemiaminals under Tautomeric Control to Access 2-Aminobenzyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10349-10354. [PMID: 38949244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Unprecedented tert-BuOK-mediated one carbon deletion of indoline hemiaminals has been achieved. This novel protocol provides an efficient synthetic tool for the construction of 2-aminobenzyl compounds with high chemoselectivity. In addition, functionalized 2-aminobenzyl compounds are difficult to make, for which few limited means of access currently exist. The key to success is the use of in situ generated Heyns rearrangement products (α-amino carbonyl compounds) as precursors for formal one carbon deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tokushige
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 7008530, Japan
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7
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Cerrato A, Cavaliere C, Laganà A, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Sciarra A, Taglioni E, Capriotti AL. First Proof of Concept of a Click Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Reaction for Assigning the Regiochemistry of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds in Untargeted Lipidomics. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10817-10826. [PMID: 38874982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Lipidomics by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become a prominent tool in clinical chemistry due to the proven connections between lipid dysregulation and the insurgence of pathologies. However, it is difficult to achieve structural characterization beyond the fatty acid level by HRMS, especially when it comes to the regiochemistry of carbon-carbon double bonds, which play a major role in determining the properties of cell membranes. Several approaches have been proposed for elucidating the regiochemistry of double bonds, such as derivatization before MS analysis by photochemical reactions, which have shown great potential for their versatility but have the unavoidable drawback of splitting the MS signal. Among other possible approaches for derivatizing electron-rich double bonds, the emerging inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction with tetrazines stands out for its unmatchable kinetics and has found several applications in basic biology and protein imaging. In this study, a catalyst-free click IEDDA reaction was employed for the first time to pinpoint carbon-carbon double bonds in free and conjugated fatty acids. Fatty acid and glycerophospholipid regioisomers were analyzed alone and in combination, demonstrating that the IEDDA reaction had click character and allowed the obtention of diagnostic product ions following MS/MS fragmentation as well as the possibility of performing relative quantitation of lipid regioisomers. The IEDDA protocol was later employed in an untargeted lipidomics study on plasma samples of patients suffering from prostate cancer and benign prostatic conditions, confirming the applicability of the proposed reaction to complex matrices of clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sciarra
- Department of Maternal and Child and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Enrico Taglioni
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
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8
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Wang L, Lv J, Zhang Y, Yang D. Asymmetric magnesium catalysis for important chiral scaffold synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4778-4800. [PMID: 38809153 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium catalysts are widely used in catalytic asymmetric reactions, and a series of catalytic strategies have been developed in recent years. Herein, in this review, we have tried to summarize asymmetric magnesium catalysis for the synthesis of important chiral scaffolds. Several important optically active motifs that are present in classic chiral ligands or natural products synthesized by Mg(II) catalytic methods are briefly discussed. Moreover, the representative mechanisms for different magnesium catalytic strategies, including in situ generated magnesium catalysts, are also shown in relation to synthetic routes for obtaining these important chiral scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jiaming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yongshuo Zhang
- Scientific Research and Innovation Expert Studio of China Inspection and Certification Group Liaoning Co., Ltd, Dalian, 116039, China
| | - Dongxu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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9
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Wang X, Lv R, Li X. Kinetic resolution of 1-(1-alkynyl)cyclopropyl ketones via gold-catalyzed divergent (4 + 4) cycloadditions: stereoselective access to furan fused eight-membered heterocycles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9361-9368. [PMID: 38903218 PMCID: PMC11186327 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral eight-membered heterocycles comprise a diverse array of natural products and bioactive compounds, yet accessing them poses significant challenges. Here we report a gold-catalyzed stereoselective (4 + 4) cycloaddition as a reliable and divergent strategy, enabling readily accessible precursors (anthranils and ortho-quinone methides) to be intercepted by in situ generated gold-furyl 1,4-dipoles, delivering previously inaccessible chiral furan/pyrrole-containing eight-membered heterocycles with good results (56 examples, all >20 : 1 dr, up to 99% ee). Moreover, we achieve a remarkably efficient kinetic resolution (KR) process (s factor up to 747). The scale-up synthesis and diversified transformations of cycloadducts highlight the synthetic potential of this protocol. Computational calculations provide an in-depth understanding of the stereoselective cycloaddition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunhua Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
| | - Ruifeng Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University NO. 388 Ruoshui Road, SIP Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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10
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Tang H, Zhang HN, Gao X, Zou Y, Jin GX. The Topological Transformation of Trefoil Knots to Solomon Links via Diels-Alder Click Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16020-16027. [PMID: 38815259 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The quest for more efficient, user-friendly, and less wasteful topological transformations remains a significant challenge in the realm of postassembly modifications. In this article, high yields of two molecular trefoil knots (Rh-1, Ir-1) were obtained using ligand 3,6-bis(3-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (L1) with reactive tetrazine units and binuclear half-sandwich organometallic units [Cp*2M2(μ-TPPHZ)(OTf)2](OTf)2 (Rh-B, M = RhIII; Ir-B, M = IrIII). 2,5-Norbornadiene was used as an inducer of the Diels-Alder click reaction to modulate rapidly and efficiently the transformation of Trefoil knots to Solomon links. However, the key to achieving this topological structural change is the subtle increase in site steric of the pyridazine fragments (L2), which allows the molecular structures to spread and bend in three-dimensional space, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, ESI-TOF/MS, elementary analysis and detailed solution-state NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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11
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Hu T, Zhao Y, Luo X, Li Z, Yang WL. Brønsted acid catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of bisbenzannulated spiroketals with antifungal activities. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4656-4661. [PMID: 38804023 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00584h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of o-hydroxy benzyl alcohols with isochroman ketals was realized by CF3CO2H catalysis. A broad range of bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketals were formed under the metal-free mild conditions in moderate to excellent yields (45-98%) with mostly excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr). Furthermore, the enantioselective version was also preliminarily investigated and the bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketal was obtained with 61% ee in the presence of Sc(OTf)3/Feng's chiral N,N'-dioxide ligand. Some of the bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketal products showed good in vitro antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Wu-Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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12
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Ji X, Shen C, Ni Y, Si ZY, Wang Y, Zhi X, Zhao Y, Peng H, Liu L. Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Conjugated Dienes Enabled by Photo-Driven Sequential Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400805. [PMID: 38587996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We here reported a highly stereoselective method for the synthesis of polysubstituted conjugated dienes from α-aryl α-diazo alkynyl ketones and pyrazole-substituted unsymmetric aminals under mild conditions, which was promoted by photo-irridation and involved with 1,6-dipolar intermediate and quadruple sigmatropic rearrangements, was successfully developed. In this transformation, the cleavage of four bonds and the recombination of five bonds were implemented in one operational step. This protocol provided a modular tool for constructing dienes from amines, pyrazoles and α-alkynyl-α-diazoketones in one-pot manner. The results of mechanistic investigation indicated that the plausible reaction path underwent the 1,6-sigmatropic rearrangement instead of the 1,5-sigmatropic rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Ni
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yao Si
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Zhi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Peng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
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13
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Horváth Á, Benkő Z. Phthalazine as a Diene in Diels-Alder Reactions With P- and As-Containing Anionic Dienophiles: Comparison of Possible Reaction Channels. Chempluschem 2024:e202400140. [PMID: 38819996 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Phthalazine can behave as a diene in Diels-Alder (DA) cycloadditions, typically at the pyridazine ring, however, its application is somewhat limited because these reactions usually require harsh conditions or sophisticated catalysts. As an unconventional example, phthalazine was reported to undergo cycloaddition with the [PCO]- anion without any catalyst. In this computational study, we scrutinise the mechanism of the DA reactions between phthalazine and the so far known [ECX]- (E: P, As; X: O, S, Se) anions as dienophiles. In principle, the attack of an [ECX]- anion may occur at two different sites of phthalazine, either at the benzene or the pyridazine ring, and both of these possible reaction channels were juxtaposed on the basis of energetic aspects. In all of the investigated cases, the analysis of the energy profiles reveals a clear regioselectivity that favours the attack at the pyridazine ring. As a result, so far unprecedented 2-pnictanaphth-3-olate analogues seem achievable as final products. Comparing the characteristics of these pathways allowed us to clarify the source of this regioselectivity: The pyridazine ring of phthalazine exhibits lower aromaticity than the benzene subring; therefore, in the DA step, the former ring shows a higher affinity toward a dienophile than the latter, leading to lower activation barriers. To further map the electronic and structural features of the cycloaddition steps, the local interactions evolving in the transition states were analysed and compared using global and local descriptors. In most aspects, the characteristics of both pathways were found to be rather similar, in contrast to the markedly differing activation barriers on the two routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Canfield AM, Rodina D, Paradine SM. Dienes as Versatile Substrates for Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401550. [PMID: 38436553 PMCID: PMC11078299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Dienes have been of great interest to synthetic chemists as valuable substrates due to their abundance and ease of synthesis. Their unique stereoelectronic properties enable broad reactivity with a wide range of transition metals to construct molecular complexity facilitating synthesis of biologically active compounds. In addition, structural diene variation can result in substrate-controlled reactions, providing valuable mechanistic insights into reactivity and selectivity patterns. The last decade has seen a wealth of new methodologies involving diene substrates through the power of transition metal catalysis. This review summarizes recent advances and remaining opportunities for transition metal-catalyzed transformations involving dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Canfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY 14627
| | - Dasha Rodina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY 14627
| | - Shauna M. Paradine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, NY 14627
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15
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Tan HB, Liu YS, Zhou JY, Cao M, Lei T, Ren SY, Lin CQ, Yang YF, Hu ZL, Xu ZG, Tang DY, Chen ZZ, Qu XY. Tandem Vinylogous Aldol and Intramolecular [2 + 2] Cycloaddition toward Benzocyclobutenes by UV Light Photocatalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:3304-3309. [PMID: 38587334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
A facile and efficient radical tandem vinylogous aldol and intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction for direct synthesis of cyclobutane-containing benzocyclobutenes (BCBs) under extremely mild conditions without using any photocatalysts is reported. This approach exhibited definite compatibility with functional groups and afforded new BCBs with excellent regioselectivity and high yields. Moreover, detailed mechanism studies were carried out both experimentally and theoretically. The readily accessible, low-cost, and ecofriendly nature of the developed strategy will endow it with attractive applications in organic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Tan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Ying-Shan Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jia-Ying Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Man Cao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Tong Lei
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Si-Ying Ren
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Chang-Qiu Lin
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhang-Liang Hu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Dian-Yong Tang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhong-Zhu Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xian-You Qu
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
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16
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Marcantonio E, Curti C. Shaping Chirality via Stereoselective, Organocatalytic [4+2] Cycloadditions involving Heterocyclic ortho-Quinodimethanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304001. [PMID: 38235930 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic compounds bearing a complex heterocyclic core such as an aromatic heterocycle "fused" with one or more functionalized rings, are widespread leading molecules in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry and pharmaceuticals. Although many synthetic methodologies have been devised to access achiral, fused heteroaromatic scaffolds, or related chiral variants adorned with out-of-cycle stereogenic elements, equally efficient strategies to afford chiral heterocycles featuring in-cycle stereocenters, exist to a lesser extent and presently represent a growing field of investigation. The mild, organocatalytic generation of elusive ortho-quinodimethane intermediates (oQDMs), derived from suitable heteroaromatic carbonyl- or carbonyl-like pronucleophiles has recently proved successful in the synthesis of such peculiar chiral architectures via stereoselective [4+2] cycloadditions. This review provides an overview of the most important advances attained in this field over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marcantonio
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Curti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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17
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Li S, Harir M, Bastviken D, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Gonsior M, Enrich-Prast A, Valle J, Hertkorn N. Dearomatization drives complexity generation in freshwater organic matter. Nature 2024; 628:776-781. [PMID: 38658683 PMCID: PMC11043043 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the most complex, dynamic and abundant sources of organic carbon, but its chemical reactivity remains uncertain1-3. Greater insights into DOM structural features could facilitate understanding its synthesis, turnover and processing in the global carbon cycle4,5. Here we use complementary multiplicity-edited 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra to quantify key substructures assembling the carbon skeletons of DOM from four main Amazon rivers and two mid-size Swedish boreal lakes. We find that one type of reaction mechanism, oxidative dearomatization (ODA), widely used in organic synthetic chemistry to create natural product scaffolds6-10, is probably a key driver for generating structural diversity during processing of DOM that are rich in suitable polyphenolic precursor molecules. Our data suggest a high abundance of tetrahedral quaternary carbons bound to one oxygen and three carbon atoms (OCqC3 units). These units are rare in common biomolecules but could be readily produced by ODA of lignin-derived and tannin-derived polyphenols. Tautomerization of (poly)phenols by ODA creates non-planar cyclohexadienones, which are subject to immediate and parallel cycloadditions. This combination leads to a proliferation of structural diversity of DOM compounds from early stages of DOM processing, with an increase in oxygenated aliphatic structures. Overall, we propose that ODA is a key reaction mechanism for complexity acceleration in the processing of DOM molecules, creation of new oxygenated aliphatic molecules and that it could be prevalent in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry (BGC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mourad Harir
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry (BGC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - David Bastviken
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry (BGC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Michael Gonsior
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA
| | - Alex Enrich-Prast
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Juliana Valle
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry (BGC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Hertkorn
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry (BGC), Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Department of Thematic Studies - Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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18
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Yin D, Guo Y, Xu T, Ma J. Investigation of thia-Diels-Alder Reactions by Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14436-14441. [PMID: 38559932 PMCID: PMC10976361 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The thia-Diels-Alder reaction represents a versatile synthetic method for the preparation of six-membered sulfur-containing compounds. However, the mechanism of the thia-Diels-Alder reactions remains unclear. In this work, time-resolved spectroscopic experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate that phenacyl sulfide undergoes Norrish II cleavage to produce thioaldehyde, and ortho-hydroxy benzhydryl alcohol occurs in a dehydration reaction to generate o-QMs using diphenylphosphate as the catalyst. Then, the thia-Diels-Alder reaction takes place between thioaldehyde and o-QMs by an asynchronous concerted mechanism. The illustration of the thia-Diels-Alder reaction mechanism not only provides important support for organic synthesis and drug design but also enhances fundamental insights into reaction pathways and catalytic processes in the field of chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yin
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Jiani Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
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19
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Holt TA, Novitskiy IM, Kutateladze AG. Systematic Photoassisted Access to Designer Polyheterocycles via Modular Blocks and Scaffolding. Org Lett 2024; 26:734-738. [PMID: 38214569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Diverse polyheterocycles are accessed via scaffolded photoassisted synthesis involving decarboxylative aromatization of the primary photoproducts from intramolecular cycloadditions of azaxylylenes and tethered heteroaromatic unsaturated pendants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina A Holt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States
| | - Ivan M Novitskiy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States
| | - Andrei G Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, United States
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20
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Hu X, Zhu Z, Li Z, Adili A, Odagi M, Abboud KA, Seidel D. Catalytic Enantioselective [4+2] Cycloadditions of Salicylaldehyde Acetals with Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315759. [PMID: 38055210 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A readily accessible conjugate-base-stabilized carboxylic acid (CBSCA) catalyst facilitates highly enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of salicylaldehyde-derived acetals and cyclic enol ethers, resulting in the formation of polycyclic chromanes with oxygenation in the 2- and 4-positions. Stereochemically more complex products can be obtained from racemic enol ethers. Spirocyclic products are also accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Hu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhengbo Zhu
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhongzheng Li
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Alafate Adili
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Minami Odagi
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei city, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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21
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Wang Y, Jin Z, Zhou L, Lv X. Recent advances in [4 + 4] annulation of conjugated heterodienes with 1,4-dipolar species for the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:252-268. [PMID: 38062977 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01626a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Numerous eight-membered heterocycles are of significance in biological chemistry, the pharmaceutical industry, agrochemistry, and materials science. However, the assembly of eight-membered heterocycles is usually challenging due to the unfavorable enthalpic and entropic barriers of the transition states during the ring formation. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to the development of synthetic routes to eight-membered heterocycles. Despite these developments, the exploration of more strategies for the facile and effective assembly of eight-membered heterocyclic molecules in a single vessel under mild conditions is still highly desirable. The conjugated heterodiene-participating [4 + 4] annulation serves as a convenient and robust strategy for the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles from easily accessible starting materials. In recent years, great progress has been achieved in this attractive field. In this short review, we highlighted the recent advances in the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles via cascade reactions based on [4 + 4] annulation of conjugated heterodienes with 1,4-dipolar species. The brief backgrounds, the general reactions, the proposed mechanisms and their features are summarized. The prospects and challenges of this field are also outlined at the end of this review. In addition, to highlight the importance and practicality of these reactions, the properties of several series of eight-membered heterocycles have also been introduced briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zefeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Xin Lv
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Wang J, Song JG, Zhong DL, Duan ZZ, Peng ZJ, Tang W, Song QY, Huang XJ, Hu LJ, Wang Y, Ye WC. Biomimetic Synthesis of an Antiviral Cinnamoylphloroglucinol Collection from Cleistocalyx operculatus: A Synthetic Strategy Based on Biogenetic Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312568. [PMID: 37848394 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy based on biogenetic building blocks for the collective and divergent biomimetic synthesis of cleistoperlones A-F, a cinnamoylphloroglucinol collection discovered from Cleistocalyx operculatus, has been developed. These syntheses proceeded successfully in only six to seven steps starting from commercially available 1,3,5-benzenetriol and involving oxidative activation of stable biogenetic building blocks as a crucial step. Key features of the syntheses include a unique Michael addition/ketalization/1,6-addition/enol-keto tautomerism cascade reaction for the construction of the dihydropyrano[3,2-d]xanthene tetracyclic core of cleistoperlones A and B, and a rare inverse-electron-demand hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition for the establishment of benzopyran ring in cleistoperlones D-F. Moreover, cleistoperlone A exhibited significant antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1/Blue and HSV-1/153).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Guo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dong-Lin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Zhang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zi-Jian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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23
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Zhao W, Zhang D, Wang Y, Yang M. Total Syntheses of Rhodomollins A and B. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38016018 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The first and asymmetric total syntheses of rhodomollins A and B, two rhodomollane type grayanoids featuring a d-homograyanane carbon skeleton and an oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1] core, were accomplished via a convergent strategy. A Stille coupling and a lithium-halogen exchange/intramolecular nucleophilic addition to the aldehyde sequence were employed to assemble two enantioenriched fragments. The oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1] core was achieved through an intramolecular SN2 substitution of cyclic sulfate of 1,2-diols (Williamson ether synthesis). The A ring oxidation states were adjusted by a Payne/Meinwald rearrangement sequence and subsequent redox transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Yuran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
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24
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Li S, Zhou L. gem-Difluoro-Masked o-Quinone Methides Generated by Photocatalytic Radical (3+3) Annulation and Their (4+1) Cycloaddition with Sulfur Ylides. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37996080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A visible light-promoted radical (3+3) annulation of vinyldiazo compounds and bromodifluoromethyl alkynyl ketones for the construction of gem-difluoro-masked o-quinone methides (o-QMs) is described. The reactivity of this new type of o-QM precursor is demonstrated by its (4+1) cycloaddition with sulfur ylides, affording monofluorinated aromatic benzofurans by the elimination of HBr without external oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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25
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Palai A, Rai P, Maji B. Rejuvenation of dearomative cycloaddition reactions via visible light energy transfer catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12004-12025. [PMID: 37969572 PMCID: PMC10631258 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dearomative cycloaddition is a powerful technique to access sp3-rich three-dimensional structural motifs from simple flat, aromatic feedstock. The building-up of unprecedentedly diverse polycyclic scaffolds with increased saturation and stereochemical information having various applications ranging from pharmaceutical to material sciences, is an essential goal in organic chemistry. However, the requirement of large energy inputs to disrupt the aromaticity of an arene moiety necessitates harsh reaction conditions for ground state dearomative cycloaddition. The photochemical requirement encompasses use of ultraviolet (UV) light to enable the reaction on an excited potential energy surface. The microscopic reversibility under thermal conditions and the use of high energy harmful UV irradiation in photochemical manoeuvres, however, constrain their widespread use from a synthetic point of view. In this context, the recent renaissance of visible light energy transfer (EnT) catalysis has become a powerful tool to initiate dearomative cycloaddition as a greener and more sustainable approach. The excited triplet state population is achieved by triplet energy transfer from the appropriate photosensitizer to the substrate. While employing mild visible light energy as fuel, the process leverages an enormous potential of excited state reactivity. The discovery of an impressive portfolio of organic and inorganic photosensitizers with a range of triplet energies facilitates visible light photosensitized dearomative cycloaddition of various substrates to form sp3-rich fused polycyclic architectures with diverse applications. The tutorial review comprehensively surveys the reawakening of dearomative cycloadditions via visible light-mediated energy transfer catalysis in the past five years. The progress ranges from intra- and intermolecular [2π + 2π] to [4π + 2π], and ends at intermolecular [2π + 2σ] cycloadditions. Furthermore, the review provides potential possibilities for future growth in the growing field of visible light energy transfer catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angshuman Palai
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Pramod Rai
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
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26
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Sun H, He H, Ni SF, Guo W. Asymmetric (4+1) Annulations by Cascade Allylation and Transient σ-Alkyl-Pd(II) Initiated Allylic Csp 3 -H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202315438. [PMID: 37920927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
A unique Pd-catalyzed approach for asymmetric (4+1) annulations via cascade allylation and transient σ-alkyl-Pd(II) initiated methylene Csp3 -H activation is reported. The enolate fragment derived from the decarboxylation of vinyl methylene carbonate is crucial to stabilize the key intermediate. These reactions enable the synthesis of various useful dihydrobenzofurans with excellent enantioselectivity, typically >95 : 5 er, and exclusive (Z)-stereoselectivity. Compared with the well-established annulations via Heck-type C-H activations, this protocol showcases a conceptually new way to generate σ-alkyl-Pd(II) species that could initiate challenging asymmetric Csp3 -H activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Sun
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanxiang Road 99, Xi'an, 710045, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Wusheng Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanxiang Road 99, Xi'an, 710045, China
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27
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Yang G, Yun YJ, Peccati F, Jamhawi AM, Kamatham N, Jockusch S, Jiménez-Osés G, Ayitou AJL. Unraveling the Photophysical Characteristics, Aromaticity, and Stability of π-Extended Acene-Quinodimethyl Thioamides†. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200906. [PMID: 37545345 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly-aromatic systems that contain quinodimethyl (QDM) units are appealing for several photonic and spintronic applications owing to the unique electronic structure, aromaticity, and spin state(s) of the QDM ring. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of novel QDM-based chromophores 1-3, which exhibit unique photo-excited behavior and aromaticity. Extending the aromatic core with a biphenyl/phenanthryl- and a pyrrolo-fragment led to reducing the optoelectronic bandgap and modulating the photophysics QDM 1-3. Yet, QDM 2 and 3 suffer from "aromaticity imbalance" and become relatively unstable compared to the parent compound QDM 1. Further assessment of local aromaticity using computational tools revealed that the pseudo-quinoidal ring B is the main driving force allowing to easily populate the excited triplet state of these chromophores. The present study provides complementary guidelines for designing novel non-classical poly-aromatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Young Ju Yun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Francesca Peccati
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Abdelqader M Jamhawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Nareshbabu Kamatham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - A Jean-Luc Ayitou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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28
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Dyguda M, Przydacz A, Albrecht Ł. Dearomative, aminocatalytic formal normal-electron-demand aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition in the synthesis of tetrahydrofuropyridines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12903-12906. [PMID: 37819685 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03946c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In the manuscript the application of dearomative formal normal-electron-demand aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition in the synthesis of tetrahydrofuropyridines is described. The developed approach utilizes aminocatalytic activation of 2-alkyl-3-furfurals that proceeds via formation of the dearomatized dienamine intermediate. Initially obtained cycloadducts have been subjected to subsequent transformations providing access to tetrahydrofuropyridines or functionalized cinnamates. The mechanism of the process has been confirmed by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyguda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 114, 90-543 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Artur Przydacz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 114, 90-543 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 114, 90-543 Lodz, Poland.
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29
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Wang K, Zhou W, Jia J, Ye J, Yuan M, Yang J, Qi Y, Chen R. Substrate-Controlled Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Novel Polycyclic Frameworks via [4 + 2] and [3 + 2] Annulations of Ninhydrin-Derived MBH Adducts with 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolines. Molecules 2023; 28:6761. [PMID: 37836604 PMCID: PMC10574269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Substrate-controlled diversity-oriented synthesis of polycyclic frameworks via [4 + 2] and [3 + 2] annulations between ninhydrin-derived Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts and 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines under similar reaction conditions have been developed. The reaction provides diversity-oriented synthesis of a series of novel and structurally complex spiro multi heterocyclic skeletons in good yields (up to 87% and 90%, respectively) with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >25:1 dr). In particular, the switchable [4 + 2] and [3 + 2] annulation reactions are controlled by tuning the hydroxyl protecting group on the ninhydrin-derived MBH adduct to deliver structural diverse spiro[indene-2,2'-[1,3]oxazino[2,3-a]isoquinoline] and spiro[indene-2,1'-pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline], respectively. Furthermore, the relative configuration and chemical structure of two kinds of cycloadducts were confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Jun Jia
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Junwei Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Mengxin Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yonghua Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; (K.W.); (W.Z.); (J.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.)
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30
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Qi Z, An Z, Huang B, Wu M, Wu Q, Jiang D. Visible-light-catalyzed synthesis of 1,3-benzoxazines via formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of oximes with o-hydroxybenzyl alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6419-6423. [PMID: 37522185 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00882g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
A formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of oximes with o-hydroxybenzyl alcohols was developed to easily synthesize diverse 1,3-benzoxazine derivatives. This synthesis was achieved under visible light-based organocatalytic and TsOH conditions. The reaction proceeds through the photoisomerization of oximes via visible light-mediated energy transfer, followed by the nucleophilic attack of o-QMs to oximes as a 1,2-dipole synthon, cyclization, and isomerization. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope and can be carried out under mild conditions. To demonstrate its synthetic usefulness, a gram-scale reaction was conducted, and the resulting 1,3-benzoxazine products were further transformed into other valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Qi
- Department of Engineering, Jining University, Qufu, Shandong, 273155, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenyu An
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Bingbing Huang
- Rarbow (Hangzhou) Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Mingzhong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Quansen Wu
- Department of Engineering, Jining University, Qufu, Shandong, 273155, P. R. China.
| | - Dongfang Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Provincial First-Class Applied Discipline (Pharmacy), Changsha, 410000, China
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31
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Hatch CE, Chain WJ. Electrochemically Enabled Total Syntheses of Natural Products. ChemElectroChem 2023; 10:e202300140. [PMID: 38106361 PMCID: PMC10723087 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical techniques have helped to enable the total synthesis of natural products since the pioneering work of Kolbe in the mid 1800's. The electrochemical toolset grows every day and these new possibilities change the way chemists look at and think about natural products. This review provides a perspective on total syntheses wherein electrochemical techniques enabled the carbon─carbon bond formations in the skeletal assembly of important natural products, discussion of mechanistic details, and representative examples of the bond formations enabled over the last several decades. These bond formations are often distinctly different from those possible with conventional chemistries and allow assemblies complementary to other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad E Hatch
- Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 417 E. 68 St., New York, NY, 10065 (United States)
| | - William J Chain
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716 (United States)
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32
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Neti SS, Wang B, Iwig DF, Onderko EL, Booker SJ. Enzymatic Fluoromethylation Enabled by the S-Adenosylmethionine Analog Te-Adenosyl- L-(fluoromethyl)homotellurocysteine. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:905-914. [PMID: 37252363 PMCID: PMC10214534 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, and trifluoromethyl groups are present in numerous pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, where they play critical roles in the efficacy and metabolic stability of these molecules. Strategies for late-stage incorporation of fluorine-containing atoms in molecules have become an important area of organic and medicinal chemistry as well as synthetic biology. Herein, we describe the synthesis and use of Te-adenosyl-L-(fluoromethyl)homotellurocysteine (FMeTeSAM), a novel and biologically relevant fluoromethylating agent. FMeTeSAM is structurally and chemically related to the universal cellular methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and supports the robust transfer of fluoromethyl groups to oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and some carbon nucleophiles. FMeTeSAM is also used to fluoromethylate precursors to oxaline and daunorubicin, two complex natural products that exhibit antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam Sundar Neti
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bo Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - David F. Iwig
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Elizabeth L. Onderko
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Squire J. Booker
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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33
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Zhu JX, Pi F, Sun T, Huang WY, Gao L, Chen ZC, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric 2,4-Dienylation/[4 + 2] Annulation Cascade to Construct Fused Frameworks via Auto-Tandem Palladium Catalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:3682-3686. [PMID: 37191623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed tandem reaction between ortho-functionalized aryl enones and 2,4-dienyl carbonates has been presented, proceeding through sequential 2,4-dienylation/Michael addition/π-σ-π isomerization/allylic alkylation. A broad array of enantioenriched architectures having fused and spirocyclic frameworks are constructed in moderate to excellent yields and stereoselectivity. Notably, the intrinsic intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction pattern of the dienylated intermediates is well reversed via Pd(0)-π-Lewis base catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fu Pi
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Teng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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34
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Mlostoń G, Celeda M, Palusiak M. Higher-order [8+2]-cycloadditions of tropothione with levoglucosenone (LGO) and structurally similar exo-cyclic enones derived from cyrene. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108844. [PMID: 37210942 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Levoglucosenone (LGO) and structurally similar exo-cyclic enones derived from cyrene (dihydrolevoglucosenone) react with tropothione following the higher-order [8 + 2]-cycloaddition pathway. Reactions were performed at room temperature in CH2Cl2 solutions in absence of any activating reagent. Whereas reaction of tropothione with LGO occurred with complete stereoselectivity, leading to a single, sterically favored exo cycloadduct, identified as polycylic thiophene derivative, reactions performed with exo-cyclic enones yielded in some instances mixtures of two isomeric exo and endo cycloadducts, derived from spiro-tetrahydrothiophene as major and minor components, respectively, of the studied reaction mixtures. Exo and endo [8 + 2] cycloadducts differ in absolute configuration at the newly created chiral centers. Structures of exo and endo cycloadducts were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Mlostoń
- Department of Organic & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, PL-91-403, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Celeda
- Department of Organic & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, PL-91-403, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Palusiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, PL-90-236, Lodz, Poland
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35
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Yan X, Pi C, Cui X, Cui X, Wu Y. 2-Butyne Biscarbonate as a "Bridge" in Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cyclization and Diels-Alder Reaction. Org Lett 2023; 25:2953-2957. [PMID: 37087759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Described herein is the development of an unprecedented approach to construct multiple heterocycles with high selectivity through Rh(III)-catalyzed two- or three-component cyclization reaction from simple and readily available starting materials: N-methoxybenzamides, 2-butyne biscarbonate, and maleimides. This methodology provides an efficient strategy for the synthesis of diverse and complicated heterocycles in a one-pot manner and displays excellent features of extremely mild reaction conditions, easy operation, excellent regioselectivity, and good functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chao Pi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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36
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Fan YX, Huang HL, Su QQ, Lv YZ, Li S, Ma YH, Mao YX, Ma CL, Du JY. Brønsted acid-mediated tandem cyclization of triarylphosphines and in situ generated ortho-alkynyl quinone methides: access to heterocyclic quaternary phosphonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3463-3466. [PMID: 36872868 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06994f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic Quaternary Phosphonium Salts (HQPS) have emerged as promising chemicals for organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, the present synthetic methodology of this type of compound is still limited. Here, we report a deconstructive reorganization strategy based on Brønsted acid-mediated tandem 1,4 addition/intramolecular cyclization of triphenylphosphine derivatives and in situ generated o-AQMs for the first time. This protocol provides a novel approach to heterocyclic quaternary phosphonium salts. The method also features a non-metal catalyst, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency and wide substrate scope. Moreover, a series of obtained heterocyclic phosphonium salts can be converted to isotopically labelled 2-benzofuran compounds directly by simple deuteration reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xin Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Hong-Li Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Qing-Qiang Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Yong-Zheng Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Shan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Yan-Hua Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Yan-Xin Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Chun-Lin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
| | - Ji-Yuan Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China.
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37
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Yang B, Li G, Wang Q, Zhu J. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Stephadiamine. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5001-5006. [PMID: 36848312 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis of (+)-stephadiamine has been accomplished featuring (a) an enantioselective dearomatizative Michael addition to generate a quaternary stereocenter; (b) a domino sequence involving reductive generation of nitrone from γ-nitro ketone followed by a highly regio- and diastereo-selective intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition to construct the aza[4,3,3]propellane core with concurrent generation of two quaternary stereocenters and two functional groups ready for subsequent transformations; (c) the Curtius rearrangement of the sensitive α,α-disubstituted malonic acid mono ester for the installation of α,α-disubstituted amino ester moiety; (d) a benzylic C-H oxidation under photoredox catalytic conditions; and (e) a highly diastereoselective ketone reduction affording δ-hydroxyester preorganized for lactonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Yang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guang Li
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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38
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Sahoo SR, Singh VK. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Naphthols with In Situ Generated Naphthol-Derived ortho-Quinone Methides: Synthesis of Chiral and Achiral Xanthene Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36866580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We disclose herein an enantioselective protocol for the Brønsted acid catalyzed addition of naphthols to in situ generated naphthol-derived ortho-quinone methides (o-QMs) followed by intramolecular cyclization, which delivers substituted chiral xanthene derivatives, in a one-pot reaction sequence under mild conditions. This process serves to convert naphthol-derived ortho-hydroxyl benzylic alcohols into reactive naphthol-derived o-QMs using a chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyst. Moreover, it is helpful in controlling the enantioselectivity of the carbon-carbon bond-forming event via hydrogen-bonding followed by intramolecular cyclization. Additionally, for the first time, we observe a Brønsted acid catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp3) bond cleavage of naphthol-derived ortho-hydroxyl benzylic alcohols for the synthesis of achiral xanthene (sigma plane containing) derivatives in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushree Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Vinod K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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39
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Progress in organocatalytic asymmetric (4+3) cycloadditions for the enantioselective construction of seven-membered rings. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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40
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Lu DL, Yao YY, Liang YF, Liang C, Lei L, Ma L, Mo DL. Synthesis of Tetrahydro-5 H-indolo[2,3- b]quinolines through Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of Aza- o-quinone Methides with Indoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:690-700. [PMID: 36485009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A variety of tetrahydro-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolines were prepared in 40-97% yields through a copper(II)-catalyzed cascade reaction of aza-o-quinone methides generated in situ from 2-(chloromethyl)anilines and indoles. Experimental results showed that the reaction underwent double 1,4-additions and sequential intramolecular cyclization. The present method features broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and easy gram scalable preparation of indolo[2,3-b]quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Liu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yi-Yun Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China.,College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan Second Road, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Cui Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lu Lei
- College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan Second Road, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Lu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan Second Road, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
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41
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Zhou SS, Shen JH, Liu WK, Sun XY, Song JY, Wang Z, Qi ZH, Wang XW. Chiral oxalamide phosphine (COAP)-Pd-catalyzed enantioselective cascade formal [4 + 1] annulation for enantioenriched 2,3-disubstituted indolines and further DFT study on regio- and stereocontrol. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00011g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
COAP-Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cascade formal [4 + 1] annulation was developed between racemic vinyl benzoxazinones and N-tosylhydrazone sodium salts, affording trans-2,3-disubstituted indolines in good yields with high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Suo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Yu Song
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hang Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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42
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Feitosa LF, Campos RB, Richter WE. Energetics and electronics of polar Diels-Alder reactions at the atomic level: QTAIM and IQA analyses of complete IRC paths. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 118:108326. [PMID: 36166996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of Diels-Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene and several cyanoethylenes was studied by means of Density Functional Theory calculations using QTAIM and IQA (Interacting Quantum Atoms) analyses along complete IRC paths. Each geometry from the IRC had its wavefunction computed and the topology of the electronic density for it was then evaluated. By means of IQA, the global energetic profile was partitioned among the various atoms in the molecule, providing insight into what atoms are the main ones responsible for the magnitude of the energy barriers. The (a)synchronicity of the reaction mechanisms featuring non-symmetrically substituted dienophiles was characterized, from QTAIM, by the electron densities and Laplacians over the LCP's as well as by the different atomic energy barriers obtained from IQA. The magnitude of the atomic barrier nicely explains the (a)synchronicity of the reaction mechanisms, and the degree of (a)synchronicity is nicely revealed by the difference between the earlier and later bond breaking and bond formations. The main conclusion is that important energetic and electronic changes are occurring before and after the position of the transition state structure, mainly for those asynchronous mechanisms, and although these provide essential insight into the reaction mechanism, most studies cannot assess this kind of information because they are focusing solely on reactants, transition states, and products. We advocate that the additional computational effort required for such analyses is more than compensated by the great amount of useful information it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Freitas Feitosa
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology - Paraná [UTFPR], 81.280-340, Curitiba PR, Brazil
| | - Renan Borsoi Campos
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology - Paraná [UTFPR], 81.280-340, Curitiba PR, Brazil
| | - Wagner Eduardo Richter
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology - Paraná [UTFPR], 84.017-220, Ponta Grossa PR, Brazil.
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43
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Happy S, Junaid M, Yadagiri D. Reactivity of quinone methides with carbenes generated from α-diazocarbonyl compounds and related compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:29-42. [PMID: 36484325 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05623b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, quinone methides have broadly been applied in synthesis and biological systems for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds and biologically active molecules. In this feature article, we have discussed the novel and uncovered reactivity of o-quinone methides, p-quinone methides, aza-o-quinone methides, and indolyl-2-methides with carbenes generated from α-diazocarbonyl compounds and related compounds. Two in situ-generated transient intermediates undergo cycloannulation reactions, metathesis-type reactions, 1,6-conjugate addition reactions, cyclopropanation reactions, and many other transformations to access nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds and beyond. The reactivity of quinone methides and carbenes is observed in various metal catalysts, Brønsted-acids, Lewis acids, phase transfer catalysts, additives, and visible-light-induced transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Happy
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Mohammad Junaid
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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44
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Kishore DR, Mounika K, Satyanarayana G, Goel K, Naveen J. Microwave-Assisted Domino Povarov-Type [4+2] Cycloaddition: A Rapid Access to 7-Phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1738429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA convenient, facile, and eco-friendly approach to synthesizing 7-phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines under microwave irradiation is presented. The current strategy enabled the synthesis of chromenoquinoline frameworks at 80 °C under shorter reaction times via intermolecular Schiff base formation followed by an intramolecular inverse demand hetero-Diels–Alder [4+2]-cycloaddition reaction by using a catalytic amount of copper triflate as the sole catalyst. Consequently, one C–N and two C–C bonds are constructed in a single pot, and a wide spread of 7-phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines have been synthesized with good functional group tolerance.
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45
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Lu D, Zou X, Li C. Advances in the application of named reactions in polymer synthesis. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221143691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the development of polymer science, more and more named reactions have been applied to synthesizing polymers. Introducing new reactions into polymer synthesis is undoubtedly an excellent expansion for monomer and polymer libraries. In this review, the named reactions employed in polymer-chain synthesis were divided into seven types: electrophilic reactions, nucleophilic reactions, transition metal-mediated cross-coupling reactions, free radical reactions, pericyclic reactions, multi-component reactions and rearrangement reactions. The discussion was mainly focused on the progress in the utilization of these named reactions in polymer synthesis, which could be a valuable reference for researchers in the polymer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Lu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zou
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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46
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A Novel Method to Construct 2-Aminobenzofurans via [4 + 1] Cycloaddition Reaction of In Situ Generated Ortho-Quinone Methides with Isocyanides. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238538. [PMID: 36500630 PMCID: PMC9737762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for the synthesis of 2-aminobenzofurans has been described via Sc(OTf)3 mediated formal cycloaddition of isocyanides with the in situ generated ortho-quinone methides (o-QMs) from o-hydroxybenzhydryl alcohol. Notably, as a class of readily available and highly active intermediates, o-QMs were first used in the construction of benzofurans. This [4 + 1] cycloaddition reaction provides a straightforward and efficient methodology for the construction of 2-aminobenzofurans scaffold in good yield (up to 93% yield) under mild conditions.
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47
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Osipov DV, Korzhenko KS, Osyanin VA. Catalyst-free aza-Michael addition of azoles to 3-hydroxypyridine-based quinone methides. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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Rodríguez II, Rodríguez AD, Barnes CL. Isolation, Structural Analysis and Biological Activity Assays of Biselisabethoxanes A and B: Two Dissymmetric Bis-Diterpenes from the Southwestern Caribbean Sea Gorgonian Coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227879. [PMID: 36431975 PMCID: PMC9694721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two novel dissymmetric diterpenoids, biselisabethoxanes A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the hexane extracts of the gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Biselisabethoxane A (1) represents the first example of a marine-derived C40 dimer made of two distinct diterpene fragments, whereas biselisabethoxane B (2) is a fused heterodimer stemming from coupling of two amphilectane-based fragments. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectral data analysis. The molecular structure of 1 was subsequently confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. When evaluated for their inhibitory effects in a series of well-established biological activity assays the isolated compounds were shown to moderately inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana I. Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, UPR Station, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Abimael D. Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, UPR Station, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Charles L. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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49
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P R, S V, John J. Inverse Electron Demand Diels Alder Reaction of Aza- o-Quinone Methides and Enaminones: Accessing 3-Aroyl Quinolines and Indeno[1,2- b]quinolinones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13708-13714. [PMID: 36177973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a Diels Alder cycloaddition route toward 3-aroyl quinolines from enaminones and in situ generated aza-o-quinone methides. The reaction was found to be general with a range of substituted enaminones and aza-o-quinone methides, and we could validate the applicability of the methodology in gram scale. We also demonstrated a one-pot strategy toward 3-acyl quinolines starting from the corresponding aliphatic ketones. Finally, we utilized the 3-aroyl quinolines for synthesizing indeno[1,2-b]quinolinones via a Pd-catalyzed dual C-H activation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Veena S
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India
| | - Jubi John
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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50
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Gou B, Tang Y, Lin Y, Yu L, Jian Q, Sun H, Chen J, Zhou L. Modular Construction of Heterobiaryl Atropisomers and Axially Chiral Styrenes via All‐Carbon Tetrasubstituted VQMs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208174. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo‐Bo Gou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yue Tang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Song Jian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Huai‐Ri Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry & Materials Science National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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