1
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Mai CTK, Halme J, Nurmi HA, da Silva AM, Lorite GS, Martineau D, Narbey S, Mozaffari N, Ras RHA, Hashmi SG, Vuckovac M. Super-Droplet-Repellent Carbon-Based Printable Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401016. [PMID: 38696594 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite attractive cost-effectiveness, scalability, and superior stability, carbon-based printable perovskite solar cells (CPSCs) still face moisture-induced degradation that limits their lifespan and commercial potential. Here, the moisture-preventing mechanisms of thin nanostructured super-repellent coating (advancing contact angle >167° and contact angle hysteresis 7°) integrated into CPSCs are investigated for different moisture forms (falling water droplets vs water vapor vs condensed water droplets). It is shown that unencapsulated super-repellent CPSCs have superior performance under continuous droplet impact for 12 h (rain falling experiments) compared to unencapsulated pristine (uncoated) CPSCs that degrade within seconds. Contrary to falling water droplets, where super-repellent coating serves as a shield, water vapor is found to physisorb through porous super-repellent coating (room temperature and relative humidity, RH 65% and 85%) that increase the CPSCs performance for 21% during ≈43 d similarly to pristine CPSCs. It is further shown that water condensation forms within or below the super-repellent coating (40 °C and RH 85%), followed by chemisorption and degradation of CPSCs. Because different forms of water have distinct effects on CPSC, it is suggested that future standard tests for repellent CPSCs should include rain falling and condensate formation tests. The findings will thus inspire the development of super-repellent coatings for moisture prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuc Thi Kim Mai
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - Janne Halme
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Konemiehentie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Heikki A Nurmi
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Konemiehentie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Aldeliane M da Silva
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - Gabriela S Lorite
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - David Martineau
- Solaronix SA, Rue de l' Ouriette 129, Aubonne, CH-1170, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Narbey
- Solaronix SA, Rue de l' Ouriette 129, Aubonne, CH-1170, Switzerland
| | - Naeimeh Mozaffari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Robin H A Ras
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Konemiehentie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Syed Ghufran Hashmi
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - Maja Vuckovac
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Konemiehentie 1, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Life-Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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2
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Ahn N, Choi M. Towards Long-Term Stable Perovskite Solar Cells: Degradation Mechanisms and Stabilization Techniques. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306110. [PMID: 37997198 PMCID: PMC10811515 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
It is certain that perovskite materials must be a game-changer in the solar industry as long as their stability reaches a level comparable with the lifetime of a commercialized Si photovoltaic. However, the operational stability of perovskite solar cells and modules still remains unresolved, especially when devices operate in practical energy-harvesting modes represented by maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination at ambient conditions. This review article covers from fundamental aspects of perovskite instability including chemical decomposition pathways under light soaking and electrical bias, to recent advances and techniques that effectively prevent such degradation of perovskite solar cells and modules. In particular, fundamental causes for permanent degradation due to ion migration and trapped charges are overviewed and explain their interplay between ions and charges. Based on the degradation mechanism, recent advances on the strategies are discussed to slow down the degradation during operation for a practical use of perovskite-based solar devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namyoung Ahn
- Chemistry DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87544USA
| | - Mansoo Choi
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy SystemsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
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3
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Liu D, Wu Y, Vasenko AS, Prezhdo OV. Grain boundary sliding and distortion on a nanosecond timescale induce trap states in CsPbBr 3: ab initio investigation with machine learning force field. NANOSCALE 2022; 15:285-293. [PMID: 36484318 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05918e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grain boundaries (GBs) in perovskite solar cells and optoelectronic devices are widely regarded as detrimental defects that accelerate charge and energy losses through nonradiative carrier trapping and recombination, but the mechanism is still under debate owing to the diversity of GB configurations and behaviors. We combine ab initio electronic structure and machine learning force field to investigate evolution of the geometric and electronic structure of a CsPbBr3 GB on a nanosecond timescale, which is comparable with the carrier recombination time. We demonstrate that the GB slides spontaneously within a few picoseconds increasing the band gap. Subsequent structural oscillations dynamically produce midgap trap states through Pb-Pb interactions across the GB. After several hundred picoseconds, structural distortions start to occur, increasing the occurrence of deep midgap states. We identify a distinct correlation of the average Pb-Pb distance and fluctuations in the ion coordination numbers with the appearance of the midgap states. Suppressing GB distortions through annealing and breaking up Pb-Pb dimers by passivation can efficiently alleviate the detrimental effects of GBs in perovskites. The study provides new insights into passivation of the detrimental GB defects, and demonstrates that structural and charge carrier dynamics in perovskites are intimately coupled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Andrey S Vasenko
- HSE University, 101000 Moscow, Russia.
- I.E. Tamm Department of Theoretical Physics, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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4
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Ruggeri E, Anaya M, Gałkowski K, Abfalterer A, Chiang YH, Ji K, Andaji-Garmaroudi Z, Stranks SD. Halide Remixing under Device Operation Imparts Stability on Mixed-Cation Mixed-Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202163. [PMID: 35866352 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-halide mixed-cation hybrid perovskites are among the most promising perovskite compositions for application in a variety of optoelectronic devices due to their high performance, low cost, and bandgap-tuning capabilities. Instability pathways such as those driven by ionic migration, however, continue to hinder their further progress. Here, an operando variable-pitch synchrotron grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering technique is used to track the surface and bulk structural changes in mixed-halide mixed-cation perovskite solar cells under continuous load and illumination. By monitoring the evolution of the material structure, it is demonstrated that halide remixing along the electric field and illumination direction during operation hinders phase segregation and limits device instability. Correlating the evolution with directionality- and depth-dependent analyses, it is proposed that this halide remixing is induced by an electrostrictive effect acting along the substrate out-of-plane direction. However, this stabilizing effect is overwhelmed by competing halide demixing processes in devices exposed to humid air or with poorer starting performance. The findings shed new light on understanding halide de- and re-mixing competitions and their impact on device longevity. These operando techniques allow real-time tracking of the structural evolution in full optoelectronic devices and unveil otherwise inaccessible insights into rapid structural evolution under external stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Ruggeri
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Miguel Anaya
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Krzysztof Gałkowski
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudzia̧dzka 5, Toruń, 87-100, Poland
| | - Anna Abfalterer
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Yu-Hsien Chiang
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Kangyu Ji
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Zahra Andaji-Garmaroudi
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Samuel D Stranks
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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5
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Feng X, Liu B, Peng Y, Gu C, Bai X, Long M, Cai M, Tong C, Han L, Yang J. Restricting the Formation of Pb-Pb Dimer via Surface Pb Site Passivation for Enhancing the Light Stability of Perovskite. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201831. [PMID: 35507778 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poor light stability hinders the potential applications of perovskite optoelectronic devices. Recent experiments have demonstrated that the passivation surface via forming strong chemical bonds (SO4 -Pb, PO4 -Pb, Cl-Pb, O-Pb, and S-Pb) could effectively improve the light stability of perovskite solar cells. However, the underlying reasons are not clear. Herein, the elusive underlying mechanisms of light stability enhancement are explained in detail using first principles calculations. The small polaron model and self-trapped exciton model demonstrate that an iodine vacancy defect on the surface of perovskite could trap a free electron under light illumination, which leads to a significant rearrangement of the Pb-I lattice and creats a new chemical species, i.e., a Pb-Pb dimer bound in the typical perovskite of CH3 NH3 PbI3 . The Pb-Pb dimer distorts the Pb-I octahedral lattice and reduces the defect formation energy of the I atoms. The surface Pb site passivation can prevent the formation of the Pb-Pb dimer, thereby improving the light stability. In addition, the strong ionic bond could better stabilize the Pb site. The in-depth understanding of the light stability and the passivation mechanism in this study can promote the application of perovskite optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Feng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Biao Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yongyi Peng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Gu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Mengqiu Long
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Mengqiu Cai
- School of Physics and Electronics Science, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chuanjia Tong
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Han
- Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Yang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
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6
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Meng K, Wang C, Qiao Z, Zhai Y, Yu R, Liu N, Gao R, Chen B, Pan L, Xiao M, Chen G. Humidity-Induced Defect-Healing of Formamidinium-Based Perovskite Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2104165. [PMID: 34704662 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite material holds great potential to deliver highly efficient commercial solar cells. However, the FA-based perovskite films are commonly processed under a strictly controlled environment, which would eventually hinder their way to commercialization. Herein, a systematic study is conducted to investigate the sequential deposition of FA-based perovskite films that are annealed under ambient conditions. Unexpectedly, the films prepared in low humidity condition possess less pinholes and defects and exhibit better device performances than those prepared in the moisture-free condition. A series of in situ and ex situ investigations are conducted which reveal defects in perovskite films are continuously healed during the film annealing process under the humid condition. This extraordinary effect is attributed to the interaction between water molecules and perovskite. The current study should shed light on the ambient fabrication of FA-based perovskite solar cells and foster their real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chunwu Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yufeng Zhai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Runze Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Rong Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Li Pan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Mingyue Xiao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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7
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Vicent-Luna JM, Apergi S, Tao S. Efficient Computation of Structural and Electronic Properties of Halide Perovskites Using Density Functional Tight Binding: GFN1-xTB Method. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:4415-4424. [PMID: 34414764 PMCID: PMC8479810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In recent years,
metal halide perovskites (MHPs) for optoelectronic
applications have attracted the attention of the scientific community
due to their outstanding performance. The fundamental understanding
of their physicochemical properties is essential for improving their
efficiency and stability. Atomistic and molecular simulations have
played an essential role in the description of the optoelectronic
properties and dynamical behavior of MHPs, respectively. However,
the complex interplay of the dynamical and optoelectronic properties
in MHPs requires the simultaneous modeling of electrons and ions in
relatively large systems, which entails a high computational cost,
sometimes not affordable by the standard quantum mechanics methods,
such as density functional theory (DFT). Here, we explore the suitability
of the recently developed density functional tight binding method,
GFN1-xTB, for simulating MHPs with the aim of exploring an efficient
alternative to DFT. The performance of GFN1-xTB for computing structural,
vibrational, and optoelectronic properties of several MHPs is benchmarked
against experiments and DFT calculations. In general, this method
produces accurate predictions for many of the properties of the studied
MHPs, which are comparable to DFT and experiments. We also identify
further challenges in the computation of specific geometries and chemical
compositions. Nevertheless, we believe that the tunability of GFN1-xTB
offers opportunities to resolve these issues and we propose specific
strategies for the further refinement of the parameters, which will
turn this method into a powerful computational tool for the study
of MHPs and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Vicent-Luna
- Materials Simulation and Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sofia Apergi
- Materials Simulation and Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Materials Simulation and Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Center for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Kim D, Muckley ES, Creange N, Wan TH, Ann MH, Quattrocchi E, Vasudevan RK, Kim JH, Ciucci F, Ivanov IN, Kalinin SV, Ahmadi M. Exploring Transport Behavior in Hybrid Perovskites Solar Cells via Machine Learning Analysis of Environmental-Dependent Impedance Spectroscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2002510. [PMID: 34155825 PMCID: PMC8336513 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are one of the promising candidates for the next-generation semiconductors due to their superlative optoelectronic properties. However, one of the limiting factors for potential applications is their chemical and structural instability in different environments. Herein, the stability of (FAPbI3 )0.85 (MAPbBr3 )0.15 perovskite solar cell is explored in different atmospheres using impedance spectroscopy. An equivalent circuit model and distribution of relaxation times (DRTs) are used to effectively analyze impedance spectra. DRT is further analyzed via machine learning workflow based on the non-negative matrix factorization of reconstructed relaxation time spectra. This exploration provides the interplay of charge transport dynamics and recombination processes under environment stimuli and illumination. The results reveal that in the dark, oxygen atmosphere induces an increased hole concentration with less ionic character while ionic motion is dominant under ambient air. Under 1 Sun illumination, the environment-dependent impedance responses show a more striking effect compared with dark conditions. In this case, the increased transport resistance observed under oxygen atmosphere in equivalent circuit analysis arises due to interruption of photogenerated hole carriers. The results not only shed light on elucidating transport mechanisms of perovskite solar cells in different environments but also offer an effective interpretation of impedance responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyung Kim
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
| | - Eric S. Muckley
- The Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Nicole Creange
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27606USA
| | - Ting Hei Wan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong
| | - Myung Hyun Ann
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea
| | - Emanuele Quattrocchi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong
| | - Rama K. Vasudevan
- The Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Jong H. Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea
| | - Francesco Ciucci
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong
| | - Ilia N. Ivanov
- The Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Sergei V. Kalinin
- The Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Mahshid Ahmadi
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
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9
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Akbulatov AF, Ustinova MI, Shilov GV, Dremova NN, Zhidkov IS, Kurmaev EZ, Frolova LA, Shestakov AF, Aldoshin SM, Troshin PA. Temperature Dynamics of MAPbI 3 and PbI 2 Photolysis: Revealing the Interplay between Light and Heat, Two Enemies of Perovskite Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4362-4367. [PMID: 33938752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the impressive photovoltaic performances demonstrated for lead halide perovskite solar cells, their practical implementation is severely impeded by the low device stability. Complex lead halides are sensitive to both light and heat, which are unavoidable under realistic solar cell operational conditions. Suppressing these intrinsic degradation pathways requires a thorough understanding of their mechanistic aspects. Herein, we explored the temperature effects in the light-induced decomposition of MAPbI3 and PbI2 thin films under anoxic conditions. The analysis of the aging kinetics revealed that MAPbI3 photolysis and PbI2 photolysis have quite high effective activation energies of ∼85 and ∼106 kJ mol-1, respectively, so decreasing the temperature from 55 to 30 °C can extend the perovskite lifetime by factors of >10-100. These findings suggest that controlling the temperature of the perovskite solar panels might allow the long operational lifetimes (>20 years) required for the practical implementation of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azat F Akbulatov
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Marina I Ustinova
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Gennady V Shilov
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Dremova
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Ivan S Zhidkov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira 19 Street, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskoi 18 Street, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Ernst Z Kurmaev
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira 19 Street, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskoi 18 Street, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Lyubov A Frolova
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Alexander F Shestakov
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Sergey M Aldoshin
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Pavel A Troshin
- The Institute for Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
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10
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Shi W, Ye H. Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with a Superhydrophobic Two-Dimensional Capping Layer. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4052-4058. [PMID: 33881876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) perovskite layer is considered to be a desirable defect passivation structure for the lifelong stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the efficiency could be compromised behind the traditional PSCs. Herein, we solve this issue by employing a highly hydrophobic organic cation, 2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanamine (CF3-PEA), to form a 2D (CF3-PEA)2PbI4 to effectively passivate the 3D MAPbI3 with fewer defects. The new 2D/3D-structured PSCs show reduced charge recombination, an elongated carrier lifetime, efficient charge generation and transport. Those excellent characters lead to a significant enhancement of the efficiency from 17.9% for pristine PSCs to 21.43% for 2D/3D PSCs. Benefiting from the high hydrophobicity of CF3-PEA, the cells show remarkably improved stability by maintaining 83% of the original efficiency exposed to 80% R.H. and 50 °C for 600 h and 87% under 1 sun illumination for 600 h, which makes our PCSs among the most efficient and stable MAPbI3 solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenda Shi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Huanqing Ye
- Materials Research Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
- Haina-Carbon Nanostructure Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314006, China
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11
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Herawati A, Lin HC, Chan SH, Wu MC, Lim TS, Chien FSS. Photon-induced deactivations of multiple traps in CH 3NH 3PbI 3 perovskite films by different photon energies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10919-10925. [PMID: 33912879 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00974e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photon-induced trap deactivation is commonly observed in organometal halide perovskites. Trap deactivation is characterized by an obvious photoluminescence (PL) enhancement. In this work, the properties of traps in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films were studied based on the PL enhancement excited by lasers of different wavelengths (633 nm and 405 nm). Two types of electron traps were identified; one can be deactivated by both 633 nm and 405 nm illuminations, whereas the other one can only be deactivated by 405 nm illumination. The energy levels of both types of traps were beneath the conduction band minimum. The expressions of the PL enhancement kinetics due to the trap deactivations by lasers of different wavelengths were derived. The ratio of the constants of the radiative recombination rate and the initial capture rates for both traps was determined from the PL enhancement. The trap deactivation was a photon-related process rather than a photocarrier-related process, and the deactivation time was inversely proportional to the photon flux density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmida Herawati
- Department of Applied Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Hsiang Chan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taiyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taiyuan 33302, Taiwan and Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Shin Lim
- Department of Applied Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
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12
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Xiong H, DeLuca G, Bach U, Jiang L, Zhang Q, Reichmanis E, Qiu Y. Synergistic Effect of N, N-Dimethylformamide and Hydrochloric Acid on the Growth of MAPbI 3 Perovskite Films for Solar Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32295-32304. [PMID: 33376866 PMCID: PMC7758882 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have emerged as a promising next-generation electrical power generating tool. However, imperfections in perovskite films are one of the crucial factors preventing the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Passivation has proven to be an effective strategy to reduce the density of defect states in perovskite crystals and inhibit ion migration. Although significant work on chloride ion and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has shown that the additives are able to passivate different types of trap defects, systematic studies on the effects of DMF and HCl on perovskite crystallization when used in conjunction with each other are elusive. Here, we systematically investigated the synergistic effect of DMF and hydrochloric acid (HCl) on methylammonium (MA+)-based perovskite films with the two-step spin-coating method. As a Lewis base, DMF coordinates well with Pb2+ to facilitate a decrease in the number of defects, thereby improving the carrier separation and transport, while HCl improves the overall perovskite film morphology. Addition of 20 μL HCl/20 μL DMF to 10 mL of methylammonium iodide/isopropyl alcohol solution afforded ca. 500 nm thick perovskite films with no observable defects within the grains. The process allowed fabrication of devices with an active area of 0.16 cm2, which produced power conversion efficiencies up to 18.37% with minimal hysteresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiong
- Key
Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Province Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- State
Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Giovanni DeLuca
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute
of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- CSIRO
Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Udo Bach
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Linqin Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Province Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Elsa Reichmanis
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute
of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yu Qiu
- Key
Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Province Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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13
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Qasuria TA, Fatima N, Karimov KS, Ibrahim MA. A novel and stable ultraviolet and infrared intensity sensor in impedance/capacitance modes fabricated from degraded CH 3NH 3PbI 3- xCl x perovskite materials. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 9:12795-12803. [PMID: 38620721 PMCID: PMC7505557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The present situation of COVID-19 diverted our focus towards utilizing the degraded solar cells for sensor application, this will help in global energy harvesting. So, here is our successful effort to reuse already degraded solar cells as ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) sensor. The spin-coated perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3-XClX) has been already tested for visible light spectrum, as an extension to that now it is utilized as UV and IR intensity sensors to cover the whole spectrum. The employed CH3NH3PbI3-XClX material was used after its efficiency loss has been reached to a saturation point in photovoltaic devices. Each deposited layer was investigated from UV to the IR absorption spectrum for deepening study through UV-vis spectroscopy. In the sandwiched architecture possessing FTO/PEDOT: PSS/Perovskite/PC61BM/CdS/Au symmetry, the perovskite film has been employed as an absorbent layer, however, other layers participation also plays a key role. The resultant device yielded very good sensing performance because of the enhanced excitons generation which is attributed to the precise selection of the interfacial materials, e.g. CdS and PC61BM as an ETM and PEDOT: PSS as HTM. The impedance and capacitance of the devices within 0.01-200 kHz under varied UV and IR illumination intensities were investigated. Measurements showed that as the intensity of the light increased i.e., UV (0-200 W/m2) and IR (0-5800 W/m2), impedance decreased while capacitance increased. The current results are attributed to the increase in the concentration of charges i.e., electron-hole pairs generation depending on the built-in capacitance and frequency of the charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahseen Amin Qasuria
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Noshin Fatima
- Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khasan S Karimov
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, KPK, Pakistan
- Center for Innovative Development of Science and Technologies of Academy of Sciences, Rudaki Ave., 33, Dushanbe, 734025, Tajikistan
| | - Mohd Adib Ibrahim
- Solar Energy Research Institute, The National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Frolova LA, Davlethanov AI, Dremova NN, Zhidkov I, Akbulatov AF, Kurmaev EZ, Aldoshin SM, Stevenson KJ, Troshin PA. Efficient and Stable MAPbI 3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells Using Polyvinylcarbazole Passivation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6772-6778. [PMID: 32689804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskite solar cells attract a great deal of attention due to the feasibility of their low-cost production and their demonstration of impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 25%. However, the insufficient intrinsic stability of lead halides under light soaking and thermal stress impedes practical implementation of this technology. Herein, we show that the photothermal aging of a widely used perovskite light absorber such as MAPbI3 can be suppressed significantly by using polyvinylcarbazole (PVC) as a stabilizing agent. By applying a few complementary methods, we reveal that the PVC additive leads to passivation of defects in the absorber material. Introducing an optimal content of PVC into MAPbI3 delivers a PCE of 18.7% in combination with a significantly improved solar cell operational lifetime: devices retained ∼70% of the initial efficiency after light soaking for 1500 h, whereas the control samples without PVC degraded almost completely under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov A Frolova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- IPCP RAS, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | | | | | - Ivan Zhidkov
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira st. 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | | | - Ernst Z Kurmaev
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira st. 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, S. Kovalevskoi st. 18, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | | | - Keith J Stevenson
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Pavel A Troshin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- IPCP RAS, Semenov Prospect 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
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15
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Ellis CLC, Javaid H, Smith EC, Venkataraman D. Hybrid Perovskites with Larger Organic Cations Reveal Autocatalytic Degradation Kinetics and Increased Stability under Light. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12176-12186. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christie L. C. Ellis
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Chemistry, 690 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hamza Javaid
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Chemistry, 690 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Emily C. Smith
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Chemistry, 690 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - D. Venkataraman
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Chemistry, 690 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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16
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Liu R, Wang L, Fan Y, Li Z, Pang S. UV degradation of the interface between perovskites and the electron transport layer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11551-11556. [PMID: 35496592 PMCID: PMC9050615 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10960a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of the perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL) interface is critical for perovskite solar cells due to the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light in the solar spectrum. Herein, we have studied the decomposition process and performance evolution of the perovskite layer in contact with different ETLs under strong ultraviolet irradiation. The normally used SnO2 layer has lower photocatalytic activity in comparison with the TiO2 layer, but the perovskite/SnO2 interface is still severely decomposed along with the formation of hole structures. Such UV light-induced decomposition, on the one hand, leads to the decomposition of the perovskite phase into PbI2 and more seriously, the formed hole structure significantly limits the carrier injection at the interface owing to the separation of the perovskite active layer from ETLs. Under the same conditions, the perovskite/PCBM interface is very stable and maintains a highly efficient carrier injection. There is no significant efficiency degradation of the encapsulated PCBM-based devices measured outdoors for about three months. Using SnO2 as the ETL in perovskite solar cells can degrade the interface and cause device performance degradation under UV light.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Liu
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao 266042
- P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
| | - Li Wang
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao 266042
- P. R. China
| | - Yingping Fan
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao 266042
- P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
| | - Shuping Pang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- P. R. China
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17
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Yang Q, Wu M, Zeng XC. Constructing Stable and Potentially High-Performance Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites with "Unstable" Cations. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:1986576. [PMID: 32566929 PMCID: PMC7288242 DOI: 10.34133/2020/1986576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new family of functional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) is theoretically designed based on the following chemical insights: when a proton is adhered to molecules like water or ethanol, the newly formed larger-sized cations (e.g., H5O2 +, C2H5OH2 +, and CH3SH+) entail low electron affinities mimicking superalkalis; they are conjugated acids of weak bases that cannot survive in solution, while their chemistry behavior in the HOIP frameworks, however, may be markedly different due to greatly enhanced cohesive energies of the proton, which facilitate the formation of new HOIPs. First-principles computations show that the putative formation reactions for these newly designed HOIPs typically release much more energy compared with the prevailing HOIP MAPbI3, suggesting the likelihood of facile solution-based fabrications, while the suppression of reverse formation suggests that the humidity stability may be markedly enhanced. During their formations, halide acids are unlikely to react with ethanol or methanethiol without the presence of metal halides, a condition further favoring their stability. The proposed structure of (H5O2)PbI3 may also clarify the origin of the long-speculated existence of HPbI3. Importantly, density functional theory computations suggest that many of these HOIPs possess not only direct bandgaps with values within the optimal range for solar light absorbing but also more desirable optical absorption spectra than that of MAPbI3, where their ferroelectric polarizations also benefit photovoltaics. The stability and photovoltaic efficiency may be even further improved for the newly designed two-dimensional (2D) HOIPs and 2D/3D hybrid HOIP structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Menghao Wu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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