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Moniruzzaman M, Kim J. Synthesis and post-synthesis strategies for polychromatic carbon dots toward unique and tunable multicolor photoluminescence and associated emission mechanism. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13858-13885. [PMID: 37535002 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02367b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) with unique and tunable multicolor photoluminescence (PL) emission has attracted tremendous attention in the past few years due to their potential multifaceted application, specially in the biomedical and optoelectronic fields. There has been extensive deliberation and efforts to engineer the synthesis or post synthesis approach to obtain multicolor-emissive CDs and tune their optical properties toward longer wavelength. This review mainly focuses on the advancement of strategies for synthesis and post-synthesis techniques of CDs toward tunable multicolor emission. Based on the above discussion to achieve desired goals, several synthesis strategies (selection of proper benzenoid precursor, acid/base treatment of biomass, optimization of reaction conditions, optimization of the reagents, solvent engineering, acid strength regulation, reaction temperature regulation, chemical doping) and various post synthesis strategies (column chromatographic separation or purification, solvatochromism, pH variation, surface functionalization, concentration variation) have been reviewed. Although numerous research articles have been published on the synthesis of multicolor CDs for multifaceted application, there is still a lack of a concise review article focusing on systematic synthesis/post synthesis strategies with PL mechanism elucidation. Thus, we focused on providing a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art advances on the strategies for the preparation of polychromatic CDs with tunable emission and elucidating their emission mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moniruzzaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongsung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Xin N, Gao D, Su B, Zhou T, Zhu Y, Wu C, Wei D, Sun J, Fan H. Orange-Emissive Carbon Dots with High Photostability for Mitochondrial Dynamics Tracking in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1161-1172. [PMID: 36795996 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play significant roles in maintaining a stable internal environment for cell metabolism. Hence, real-time monitoring of the dynamics of mitochondria is essential for further understanding mitochondria-related diseases. Fluorescent probes provide powerful tools for visualizing dynamic processes. However, most mitochondria-targeted probes are derived from organic molecules with poor photostability, making long-term dynamic monitoring challenging. Herein, we design a novel mitochondria-targeted probe based on carbon dots with high performance for long-term tracking. Considering that the targeting ability of CDs is related to surface functional groups, which are generally determined by the reaction precursors, we successfully constructed mitochondria-targeted O-CDs with emission at 565 nm through solvothermal treatment of m-diethylaminophenol. The O-CDs are bright with a high quantum yield of 12.61%, high mitochondria-targeting ability, and good stability. The O-CDs possess a high quantum yield (12.61%), specific mitochondria-targeting ability, and outstanding optical stability. Owing to the abundant hydroxyl and ammonium cations on the surface, O-CDs showed obvious accumulation in mitochondria with a high colocalization coefficient of up to 0.90 and remained steady even after fixation. Besides, O-CDs showed outstanding compatibility and photostability under various interruptions or long-time irradiation. Therefore, O-CDs are preferable for the long-term tracking of dynamic mitochondrial behavior in live cells. We first observed the mitochondrial fission and fusion behaviors in HeLa cells, and then, the size, morphology, and distribution of mitochondria in physiological or pathological conditions were clearly recorded. More importantly, we observed different dynamics interactions between mitochondria and lipid droplets during the apoptosis and mitophagy processes. This study provides a potential tool for exploring interactions between mitochondria and other organelles, further promoting the research on mitochondria-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Xin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Borui Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuda Zhu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-Orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
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Khan WU, Qin L, Chen L, Khan WU, Zeb S, Khan A, Li S, Khan SU, Kamal S, Zhou P. High biocompatible nitrogen and sulfur Co-doped carbon dots for Hg(II) detection and their long-term biological stability in living cells. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1245:340847. [PMID: 36737134 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots have been highly reported nanomaterials in recent times because of their excellent physio-chemical properties and various field of applications. Herein, a one-step hydrothermal approach was used to synthesize high biocompatible nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots, and examined their chemical sensing (Hg2+) and biological imaging properties. The N,S-CDs exhibited blue light, demonstrating a high quantum yield of up to 44.5% and excitation-independent fluorescent characteristics. Cytotoxicity was observed by CCK-8 assay using T-ca cells as a target source. Cell viability was recorded over 80% even after 7 days of treatment with a concentration up to 400 μg/mL, indicating low-toxicity of N,S-CDs. Notably, the bright blue fluorescence of N,S-CDs was quenched by introducing toxic Hg2+ ions into the solution. The detection limit was calculated to be about ∼3.5 nM, which is quite impressive compared to previous reports. Because of their low-toxicity, nano-size, and environment friendly properties, N,S-CDs could be excellent fluorescent agents for bio-imaging applications. The biological stability of fluorescent N,S-CDs was tested over time, and the findings were significant even after 8 days of incubation with T-ca cells. Because of good biocompatibility and bright fluorescence, N,S-CDs were suitable for in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Ullah Khan
- Institute for Advanced Study, and School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
| | - Liying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Lixin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Wasim Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510273, PR China.
| | - Shah Zeb
- Institute for Advanced Study, and School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Asaf Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510273, PR China
| | - Shengzhen Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Salim Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Bannu, and Degree Collage Sikander Khel Bala, Bannu 28100, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Kamal
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 226237, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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Wu Y, Chen X, Wu W. Multiple Stimuli-Response Polychromatic Carbon Dots for Advanced Information Encryption and Safety. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206709. [PMID: 36642825 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical information encryption and safety have aroused great attention since they are closely correlated to data protection and information safety. The development of multiple stimuli-response optical materials for constructing large-capacity information encryption and safety is very important for practical applications. Carbon dots (CDs) have many gratifying merits, such as polychromatic emission, diverse luminous categories, and stable physicochemical properties, and are considered as one of the most ideal candidates for information protection. Herein, carbon core, functional groups, solvents, and other crucial factors are reviewed for outputting polychromatic emission of multiple luminous categories. In particular, substrate engineering strategies have been emphasized for their critical role in yielding excellent optical features of multiple luminous categories. High-capacity information encryption and safety strategies are reviewed by relying on the rich optical properties of CDs, such as polychromatic emission, multiple luminous categories of fluorescence, afterglow, and upconversion, as well as external-stimuli-assisted optical changes. Some perspectives for preparing excellent CDs and further developing information security strategies are proposed. This review provides a good reference for the manipulation of polychromatic CDs and the development of next-generation information encryption and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfusheng Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, Research Center for Graphic Communication, Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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Yu M, Li P, Huang R, Xu C, Zhang S, Wang Y, Gong X, Xing X. Antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms of carbon dots: a review. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:734-754. [PMID: 36602120 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics, developing safe and effective approaches to combat infections caused by bacteria and biofilms has become an urgent clinical problem. Recently, carbon dots (CDs) have received great attention as a promising alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents due to their excellent antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility. Although CDs have been widely used in the field of antibacterial applications, their antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms have not been systematically discussed. This review provides a systematic overview on the complicated mechanisms of antibacterial and antibiofilm CDs based on recent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhe Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Peili Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, 233000, P. R. China
| | - Ruobing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Chunning Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Yanglei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Xuedong Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
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Xue S, Li P, Sun L, An L, Qu D, Wang X, Sun Z. The Formation Process and Mechanism of Carbon Dots Prepared from Aromatic Compounds as Precursors: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206180. [PMID: 36650992 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots are a novel type of nanomaterial. Due to their excellent optical properties, they have extensive application prospects in many fields. Studying the formation process and fluorescence mechanism of CDs will assist scientists in understanding the synthesis of CDs and guide more profound applications. Due to their conjugated structures, aromatic compounds have been continuously used to synthesize CDs, with emissions ranging from blue to NIR. There is a lack of a systematic summary of the formation process and fluorescence mechanism of aromatic precursors to form CDs. In this review, the formation process of CDs is first categorized into three main classes according to the precursor types of aromatic compounds: amines, phenols, and polycyclics. And then, the fluorescence mechanism of CDs synthesized from aromatic compounds is summarized. The challenges and prospects are proposed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xue
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Li An
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Dan Qu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
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7
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Wang J, Zhang S, Li Y, Wu C, Zhang W, Zhang H, Xie Z, Zhou S. Ultra-Broadband Random Laser and White-Light Emissive Carbon Dots/Crystal In-Situ Hybrids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203152. [PMID: 36026553 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The continuous white-light emission of carbon dots (CDs) can be applied to producing multicolor laser emissions by one single medium. Meanwhile, the solid-state emission greatly contributes to its practical application. In this work, a strategy to realize the in-situ hybridization of silane-functionalized CDs (SiCDs) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid trimethyl ester (Et3BTC) by a one-pot solvothermal method is reported. Significantly, the SiCDs/Et3BTC hybrid crystals exhibit ultra-broadband random laser emission over the near ultraviolet-visible region under 265 nm nanosecond pulsed laser excitation. The wavelength region of laser emission is achieved from 315 to 600 nm within an emission band of CDs-based materials. It is worth noting that the wavelength range of the laser is wider than the previously reported works. It is proposed that the continuous white-light emission of SiCDs caused by multiple fluorescence centers mainly gives rise to the broadband random laser emission. Moreover, the crystals are conducive to forming resonance and realizing solid-state laser emission. This in-situ method is expected to enable a more convenient, cheaper, and greener approach to prepare luminescent hybrids for application in multicolor laser displays, multi-level laser anti-counterfeiting, supercontinuum light sources, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Cuiyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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8
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de Boëver R, Town JR, Li X, Claverie JP. Carbon Dots for Carbon Dummies: The Quantum and The Molecular Questions Among Some Others. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200748. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël de Boëver
- Department of Chemistry Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke Québec J1 K 2R1 Canada
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Jason R. Town
- Department of Chemistry Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke Québec J1 K 2R1 Canada
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Jerome P. Claverie
- Department of Chemistry Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke Québec J1 K 2R1 Canada
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Red-Emissive Sulfur-Doped Carbon Dots for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Mercury (II) Ion and Glutathione. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169213. [PMID: 36012486 PMCID: PMC9409242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) show great potential in bioimaging and biosensing because of their good biocompatibility and excellent optical properties. However, CDs with intense red emissions for sensitive and selective detection are rarely reported. Herein, we prepared the red-emissive carbon dots (RCDs) through a facile hydrothermal method using tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) and thiourea as starting materials. The obtained RCDs were characterized by TEM, XRD, and XPS. RCDs exhibited high water solubility and strong red emission (λem = 650 nm), with the fluorescence quantum yield as high as 26.7%, which was greatly higher than that of TCPP. Moreover, the as-prepared RCDs could be acted as a highly selective and sensitive probe for the detection of Hg2+ and glutathione (GSH) through the fluorometric titration method. The detection limits of Hg2+ and GSH were calculated to be 1.73 and 1.6 nM, respectively. The cellular experiments demonstrated the good biocompatibility of RCDs and their feasibility in bioimaging. Thus, this work provided a simple strategy to design and synthesize the highly red-emissive carbon dots, which showed promising application in biological and environmental assays.
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Da X, Han Z, Yang Z, Zhang D, Hong R, Tao C, Lin H, Huang Y. Preparation of multicolor carbon dots with high fluorescence quantum yield and application in white LED. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Xian Y, Li K. Hydrothermal Synthesis of High-Yield Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Ultra-Narrow Emission by Controlled O/N Elements. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201031. [PMID: 35353413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Red fluorescent carbon dots (r-CDs) with narrow dual emissions (600 nm and 658-683 nm, full width at half-maximums (FWHMs) of 20 nm and 30 nm), fluorescence quantum yield of 41.0%, and yield of 83.3% are prepared by hydrothermal method using o-phenylenediamine as precursor and inorganic oxidant as yield enhancer, and they have graphite nitrate-like structures. The long-wavelength side emission is aggregation-induced emission (AIE). A logarithmic relationship between the AIE wavelength (y) and the concentration (x) (y = 8.853ln(x) + 688.53, R = 0.998) is found. This regularity and the high monochromaticity of AIE are related to the existence of highly ordered structures proved by X-ray diffraction. Its intrinsic emission (FWHM: 20 nm) is the narrowest among the r-CDs prepared by hydrothermal method. The reason is that the decrease of oxygen content makes the FWHMs become narrow, and the decrease of the pyridine nitrogen content and the increase of pyrrole nitrogen content make them narrower further. The Fourier-transform infrared spectra and control experiment prove that oxidative polymerization is a necessary preparation step. The linear relationship between the amount of the oxidant and the CDs yield indicates that the yield can be increased only by increasing the conversion rate of the polymerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Xian
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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12
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Prasetyanto EA, Wasisto HS, Septiadi D. Cellular lasers for cell imaging and biosensing. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:39-51. [PMID: 35314365 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The possibility to produce laser action involving biomaterials, in particular (single) biological cells, has fostered the development of cellular lasers as a novel approach in biophotonics. In this respect, cells that are engineered to carry gain medium (e.g., fluorescent dyes or proteins) are placed inside an optical cavity (i.e., typically a sandwich of highly reflective mirrors), allowing the generation of stimulated emission upon sufficient optical pumping. In another scenario, micron-sized optical resonators supporting whispering-gallery mode (WGM) or semiconductor-based laser probes can be internalized by the cells and support light amplification. This review summarizes the recent advances in the fields of biolasers and cellular lasers, and most importantly, highlights their potential applications in the fields of in vitro and in vivo cell imaging and analysis. They include biosensing (e.g., in vitro detection of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration), cancer cell imaging, laser-emission-based microscope, cell tracking, cell distinction study, and tissue contraction monitoring in zebrafish. Lastly, several fundamental issues in developing cellular lasers including laser probe fabrication, biocompatibility of the system, and alteration of local refractive index of optical cavities due to protein absorption or probe aggregation are described. Cellular lasers are foreseen as a promising tool to study numerous biological and biophysical phenomena. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biolasers are generation of laser involving biological materials. Biomaterials, including single cells, can be engineered to incorporate laser probes or fluorescent proteins or fluorophores, and the resulting light emission can be coupled to optical resonator, allowing generation of cellular laser emission upon optical pumping. Unlike fluorescence, this stimulated emission is very sensitive and is capable of detecting small alterations in the optical property of the cells and their environment. In this review, recent development and applications of cellular lasers in the fields of in vitro and in vivo cell imaging, cell tracking, biosensing, and cell/tissue analysis are highlighted. Several challenges in developing cellular lasers including probe fabrication and biocompatibility as well as alteration of cellular environment are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eko Adi Prasetyanto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jl. Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | | | - Dedy Septiadi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland.
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14
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Gadly T, Chakraborty G, Tyagi M, Patro BS, Dutta B, Potnis A, Chandwadkar P, Acharya C, Suman SK, Mukherjee A, Neogy S, Wadawale A, Sahoo S, Chauhan N, Ghosh SK. Carbon nano-dot for cancer studies as dual nano-sensor for imaging intracellular temperature or pH variation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24341. [PMID: 34934094 PMCID: PMC8692618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular temperature and pH govern many cellular physiologies, especially of cancer cells. Besides, attaining higher cellular temperature plays key role in therapeutic efficacy of hyperthermia treatment of cancer. This requires bio-compatible, non-toxic and sensitive probe with dual sensing ability to detect temperature and pH variations. In this regard, fluorescence based nano-sensors for cancer studies play an important role. Therefore, a facile green synthesis of orange carbon nano-dots (CND) with high quantum yield of 90% was achieved and its application as dual nano-sensor for imaging intracellular temperature and pH was explored. CND was synthesized from readily available, bio-compatible citric acid and rhodamine 6G hydrazide using solvent-free and simple heating technique requiring purification by dialysis. Although the particle size of 19 nm (which is quite large for CND) was observed yet CND exhibits no surface defects leading to decrease in photoluminescence (PL). On the contrary, very high fluorescence was observed along with good photo-stability. Temperature and pH dependent fluorescence studies show linearity in fluorescence intensity which was replicated in breast cancer cells. In addition, molecular nature of PL of CND was established using pH dependent fluorescence study. Together, the current investigation showed synthesis of highly fluorescent orange CND, which acts as a sensitive bio-imaging probe: an optical nano-thermal or nano-pH sensor for cancer-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trilochan Gadly
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - Goutam Chakraborty
- Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Mrityunjay Tyagi
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Birija S Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Bijaideep Dutta
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Akhilesh Potnis
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Pallavi Chandwadkar
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Celin Acharya
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Shishu Kant Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Suman Neogy
- Material Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Amey Wadawale
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Srikant Sahoo
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Nitish Chauhan
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sunil K Ghosh
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
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15
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Yu L, He M, Liu S, Dou X, Li L, Gu N, Li B, Liu Z, Wang G, Fan J. Fluorescent Egg White-Based Carbon Dots as a High-Sensitivity Iron Chelator for the Therapy of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Iron Overload in Zebrafish. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54677-54689. [PMID: 34756030 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is the direct cause of many ferroptosis diseases, and it is essential to maintain iron homeostasis. In this paper, we report the Fe3+ chelation and therapy of the iron overload nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by the fluorescent egg white-based carbon dots (EWCDs) obtained through the microwave-assisted pyrolysis method. As a high-sensitivity sensor, EWCDs show a high correlation between fluorescence emission and the concentration of Fe3+ (R2 = 0.993) in low concentration ranges of 0-25 μM. In vivo and in vitro, the EWCDs show characteristics of high biocompatibility and specific binding of Fe3+. As a novel type of the nano-iron-chelator, EWCDs can successfully attenuate the production of lethal reactive oxygen species. EWCDs not only alleviate the endoplasmic reticulum stress response but also regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway downstream of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. EWCDs prevent hepatocyte apoptosis, regulate fatty acid metabolism, and alleviate inflammation. Ultimately, they alleviate NAFLD induced by iron overload in zebrafish. This work may provide a new idea and method for the application of carbon dots in the field of disease detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Yu
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue He
- School of Life Science and Technology, HIT, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Sihan Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, HIT, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Life Science and Technology, HIT, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150080, P. R. China
- School of Life Science and Technology, HIT, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, HIT, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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16
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Ni Y, Wan H, Liang W, Zhang S, Xu X, Li L, Shao Y, Ruan S, Zhang W. Random lasing carbon dot fibers for multilevel anti-counterfeiting. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16872-16878. [PMID: 34610058 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04707h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Random lasers, which achieve light amplification through random light scattering in disordered laser gain medium, have found widespread applications in varieties of areas due to the convenient design of laser cavities. In this work, carbon dot fibers with superior fluorescence stability under a high temperature or high humidity environment are fabricated by using a single-step partial thermal decomposition method. Random lasers, which are used for multilevel anti-counterfeiting, are achieved from different types of carbon dot fibers by 370 nm excitation at room temperature. Multilevel anti-counterfeiting is realized by tuning the lasing spectra (between ∼428 and 560 nm) and threshold (between ∼2 and 25 mJ cm-2) at designated decomposition times and fiber diameters. It is extremely difficult to counterfeit lasing spectra and the specific laser threshold simultaneously. As a result, this will comprehensively improve system safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Honghao Wan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Xuesong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuangchen Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
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17
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Li H, Han S, Lyu B, Hong T, Zhi S, Xu L, Xue F, Sai L, Yang J, Wang X, He B. Tunable light emission from carbon dots by controlling surface defects. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Ultralow Threshold Lasing from Carbon Dot-Ormosil Gel Hybrid-Based Planar Microcavity. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071762. [PMID: 34361149 PMCID: PMC8307971 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The absence of an ideal solid matrix with resistance to harsh conditions for carbon dots (CDs) and high transmittance in the visible/near infrared region is the bottleneck in CD applications. In this study, we show that a stable rigid structure can be formed between CDs and organically modified silicates (ormosil) gel when CDs are incorporated into ormosil gel hybrids as a solid matrix. A high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 63% is achieved at a 583 nm emission. Peak optical gain of the hybrids was found to be 67 cm-1 at peak wavelength. Ultralow threshold (~70 W/cm2) lasing can also be demonstrated from a planar microcavity by using CD-ormosil gel hybrids as a gain medium.
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19
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20
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Wang X, Wang B, Wang H, Zhang T, Qi H, Wu Z, Ma Y, Huang H, Shao M, Liu Y, Li Y, Kang Z. Carbon‐Dot‐Based White‐Light‐Emitting Diodes with Adjustable Correlated Color Temperature Guided by Machine Learning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongshuai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Huihui Qi
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Mingwang Shao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa 999078 Macau SAR China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa 999078 Macau SAR China
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21
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Wang X, Wang B, Wang H, Zhang T, Qi H, Wu Z, Ma Y, Huang H, Shao M, Liu Y, Li Y, Kang Z. Carbon-Dot-Based White-Light-Emitting Diodes with Adjustable Correlated Color Temperature Guided by Machine Learning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12585-12590. [PMID: 33754433 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Here, we show the fabrication of the carbon dots (CDs) with green and orange emissions from PTCDA (perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride). Using these CDs as emitters, the orange (or green) CDs LEDs were fabricated, which show electroluminescence (EL) spectra centered at 560 nm (or 498 nm) with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1.98 % (1.76 %) adhering a luminescence of 626 cd m-2 (or 519 cd m-2 ). The machine learning was successfully used to predict PL CCT value. With the model, the white photoluminescence (PL) emission with adjustable correlated color temperature (CCT) from 3093 to 11018 K via combining blue, green, and orange CDs was achieved. Then, we obtained the warm white CDs LEDs with CCT of 3107, 4071 and 4548 K, and cold white CDs LEDs with CCT of 5632 (CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.33), EQE: 1.18 %, luminescence: 598 cd m-2 ) and 6034 K accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hongshuai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huihui Qi
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingwang Shao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China
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22
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Ma P, Xin M, Zhang Y, Ge S, Wang D, Jiang C, Zhang L, Cheng X. Facile synthesis of novel dopamine-modified glass fibers for improving alkali resistance of fibers and flexural strength of fiber-reinforced cement. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18818-18826. [PMID: 35478619 PMCID: PMC9033497 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01875b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glass fiber-reinforced cementitious material is one of the significant components in structural materials playing vital roles in enhancing the tensile and flexural behavior of cement-based quasi-brittle materials. Compared with carbon and polymer fibers, its intrinsic similar silicate-based composition to cement was endowed with better bonding properties and compatibility with cement-based materials. However, the poor alkali resistance of glass fibers restrained their potential development for spreading to applications in construction fields. In this study, dopamine-modified glass fibers (DP) were self-polymerized at ambient temperature by a facile method for enhancing the alkali resistance of glass fibers. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were utilized for characterizing DP. The duration of reaction and fiber to solution ratio were adjusted with an optimal reaction time of 12 h and fiber to solution ratio of 0.12 g ml−1 acquired. Alkali resistance was measured by strength retention tests in both mortar and sodium hydroxide solution. Compared with untreated glass fibers (UN), DP exhibited a distinct improvement in strength retention rate of 37.1% and 18.9% under mortar and sodium hydroxide solution environments, respectively. Also, flexural strength tests of DP-reinforced cement were conducted, and its strength was increased in comparison with that of UN-reinforced cement by 58.2%. As a consequence, a novel simple method for improving the alkali resistance of glass fibers was proposed and is anticipated to promote the development and applications of glass-fiber reinforced cement-based materials. In situ modification on fibers: in situ modification of self-polymerized dopamine on glass fibers was adjustably established. Relying on such nanomodification on the surface, a drastic enhancement of alkali resistance of glass fibers could be achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Minglian Xin
- Shandong Hi-speed Road & Bridge International Engineering Co. Ltd. Jinan 250014 Shandong China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Congcong Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
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23
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Ni Y, Li X, Liang W, Zhang S, Xu X, Li Z, Li L, Shao Y, Ruan S, Zhang W. Transformation of random lasing to Fabry-Perot lasing: observation of high temperature lasing from carbon dots. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7566-7573. [PMID: 33881119 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00927c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a subject of academic research, have attracted intense attention due to their intrinsic merits of high stability, low cost, and low toxicity. However, the absence of highly efficient red-emitting CDs restricts their application in a variety of areas including lasers. In this work, red emissive CDs (R-CDs) with a quantum yield as high as 66.7% were prepared using 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene as the initial source. It is found that the superior optical properties of R-CDs are attributed to the high oxidation degree and high ratio of hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of CDs. Red emissive random lasing at 612 nm was realized from a microcavity by using the R-CDs/epoxy composite as the gain medium at room temperature. Simultaneously, the transformation of random lasing to Fabry-Perot lasing in the same laser cavity at 250 °C was observed. This is on account of the declining optical gain which is insufficient to support random lasing in the microcavity at high temperatures. As a result, CD based Fabry-Perot lasing was achieved at a temperature as high as 250 °C for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Xuesong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenyuan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shuangchen Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
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24
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Amino acid-functionalized carbon quantum dots for selective detection of Al 3+ ions and fluorescence imaging in living cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3965-3974. [PMID: 33909083 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are drawing tremendous attention due to their unique photoluminescence property and fascinating functions. Herein, we prepared novel CQDs functionalized with amino acids (AA-CQDs) by a one-pot hydrothermal method for selective detection of Al3+ ions and fluorescence imaging. The prepared AA-CQDs exhibit a novel triple-excitation and single-colour emission for fluorescent property. In addition, the AA-CQDs have a high absolute quantum yield (24.23%) and quantum lifetime (13.29 ns). Moreover, the AA-CQDs exhibit high selectivity and sensitivity for Al3+ by fluorescence enhancement. In pH 7.4 PBS solution, there was a good linear relation between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of Al3+ in the range of 1-20 μmol L-1; the limit of detection (3σ) was only 0.32 μmol L-1. Furthermore, an AA-CQD probe was also utilized for detection of Al3+ in living cells based on excellent biocompatibility and endocytosis. Based on the concentration of Al3+ ions in cells and apoptosis data, there will be a quick reflect of apoptosis induced by aluminium ions via the fluorescence intensity of the AA-CQD probe. This work will set the stage for developing novel CQD-based biosensors in cell research.
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25
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Meng Y, Zhang H, Li M, Lu W, Liu Y, Gong X, Shuang S, Dong C. A facile synthesis of long-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots for intracellular pH variation and hypochlorite sensing. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2255-2261. [PMID: 33533378 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular pH and hypochlorite (ClO-) concentration play an important role in life activities, so there is an urgent need to develop a valid strategy to monitor pH and ClO- in biological systems with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we report long-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and their potential applications in intracellular pH variation, ClO- sensing and cell imaging. The N-CDs were prepared via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method of neutral red (NR) and glutamine (Gln). N-CDs exhibited a pH-sensitive response in the range of 4.0-9.0 and a good linear relationship in the range of 5.6-7.4, which indicated that N-CDs are an ideal agent for monitoring pH fluctuations in living cells. In addition, ClO- was capable of reducing the photoluminescence of N-CDs based on static quenching. The linear range is 1.5-112.5 μM and 112.5-187.5 μM, and the LOD is 0.27 μM. Besides, the as-fabricated N-CDs have been smoothly achieved to monitor pH and ClO- in PC-12 living cells due to their great biocompatibility and lower cytotoxicity, demonstrating their promising applications in the biomedical field. Compared with other CD-based methods, the as-proposed N-CDs have a longer fluorescence emission, which makes them potentially valuable in biological systems. The results pave a way towards the construction of long-wavelength carbon-based nanomaterials for fluorescence sensing and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Meng
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng rd., Taiyuan 030006, China
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26
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Yoshinaga T, Shinoda M, Iso Y, Isobe T, Ogura A, Takao KI. Glycothermally Synthesized Carbon Dots with Narrow-Bandwidth and Color-Tunable Solvatochromic Fluorescence for Wide-Color-Gamut Displays. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1741-1750. [PMID: 33490833 PMCID: PMC7818594 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) represent a promising eco-friendly next-generation phosphor. However, most CDs exhibit broad photoluminescence (PL) spectra [full width at half-maximum (fwhm) over 60 nm]; few works on CDs with sharp PL spectra (fwhm less than 40 nm) have been reported. In addition, their syntheses and color tuning require harsh conditions of high temperatures, long reaction times, and high pressures with catalysts. Here, we successfully prepared narrow-bandwidth emissive CDs (fwhm of 27-40 nm) from phloroglucinol in a glycol solvent of 1,2-pentanediol at temperatures as low as 180 °C for a reaction duration of as short as 6 h under ambient conditions without any catalysts via an open reaction system in which dehydration and condensation reactions among phloroglucinol molecules were enhanced. We shifted the emission peak from 463 to 511 nm by selecting seven kinds of solvents with different polarities, that is, emission colors could be tuned from blue to green by taking advantage of fluorescence solvatochromism. The CD-dispersed polymer films showed a similar solvatochromic behavior and sharp PL spectra, verifying the feasibility of applying the CDs to displays with a wide color gamut.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoshiki Iso
- . Phone: +81 45 566 1558. Fax: +81 45 566 1551
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27
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Liu J, Li R, Yang B. Carbon Dots: A New Type of Carbon-Based Nanomaterial with Wide Applications. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2179-2195. [PMID: 33376780 PMCID: PMC7760469 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as a new type of carbon-based nanomaterial, have attracted broad research interest for years, because of their diverse physicochemical properties and favorable attributes like good biocompatibility, unique optical properties, low cost, ecofriendliness, abundant functional groups (e.g., amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl), high stability, and electron mobility. In this Outlook, we comprehensively summarize the classification of CDs based on the analysis of their formation mechanism, micro-/nanostructure and property features, and describe their synthetic methods and optical properties including strong absorption, photoluminescence, and phosphorescence. Furthermore, the recent significant advances in diverse applications, including optical (sensor, anticounterfeiting), energy (light-emitting diodes, catalysis, photovoltaics, supercapacitors), and promising biomedicine, are systematically highlighted. Finally, we envisage the key issues to be challenged, future research directions, and perspectives to show a full picture of CDs-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Li X, Liu Q, Liu G, Yue G, Yang Z, Wang Y, Rao H, Chen Y, Lu C, Wang X. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots from rhizobium as fluorescence probes for chlortetracycline hydrochloride. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:445501. [PMID: 32688347 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aba787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) were prepared via hydrothermal method at 190 °C for 10 h using rhizobium from soy as the carbon and nitrogen source. Their optical properties, structure, morphology, and functional groups were characterized in detail and the results showed that they possess unique excitation-dependent fluorescence behavior, with average diameter 4.5 ± 2.0 nm and good water dispersibility. Due to the overlap of the UV-vis absorbance of chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CCH) and the fluorescence excitation band of CDs, the fluorescence of the prepared CDs can be quenched by CCH selectively and sensitively. The changes of the fluorescence intensity of CDs have a good linear relationship with the concentration of CCH in a wide concentration range of 5-100 μM, with a detection limit of 0.254 μM. This present method has been successfully applied to determine the CCH in water with recovery ranging from 96.0% to 100.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Liu J, Geng Y, Li D, Yao H, Huo Z, Li Y, Zhang K, Zhu S, Wei H, Xu W, Jiang J, Yang B. Deep Red Emissive Carbonized Polymer Dots with Unprecedented Narrow Full Width at Half Maximum. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906641. [PMID: 32191372 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Development of high-performance carbon dots (CDs) with emission wavelength longer than 660 nm (deep red emission) is critical in deep-tissue bioimaging, yet it is still a major challenge to obtain CDs with both narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and high deep red/near-infrared emission yield. Here, deep red emissive carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with unprecedented FWHM of 20 nm are synthesized. The purified CPDs in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution possess quantum yield (QY) as high as 59% under 413 nm excitation, as well as recorded QY of 31% under 660 nm excitation in the deep red fluorescent window. Detailed characterizations identify that CPDs have unique polymer characteristics, consisting of carbon cores and the shells of polymer chains, and π conjugated system formed with N heterocycles and aromatic rings governs the single photoluminescence (PL) center, which is responsible for high QY in deep red emissive CPDs with narrow FWHM. The CPDs exhibit strong absorption and emission in the deep red light region, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility, making them an efficient probe for both one-photon and two-photon bioimaging. CPDs are rapidly excreted via the kidney system and hepatobiliary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yijia Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Daowei Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yao
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Zepeng Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Haotong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Gou H, Huang X, Zhang G, Xi K, Jia X. Rational synthesis of highly efficient ultra-narrow red-emitting carbon quantum dots for NIR-II two-photon bioimaging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1589-1601. [PMID: 31859306 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing research interest in highly bio-compatible carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for bioimaging, the synthesis of red-emitting CQDs with high photoluminescence efficiency and a sharp emission spectrum remains a formidable challenge in this field. Herein, we established a rational strategy for the synthesis of highly efficient ultra-narrow red-emitting CQDs by adopting a conjugated aromatic amine precursor (tris(4-aminophenyl)amine, TAPA) and introducing oxidative radical reagents. The resultant CQDs, T-CQDs featured red PL (615 ± 2 nm) with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (84 ± 5%) and a narrow emission linewidth (FWHM = 27 ± 1 nm), which together represented one of the highest levels in the field of CQDs so far. The T-CQDs were then further analyzed from the spectral and structural aspects, and the repeatability and universality of this strategy have also been discussed. Finally, the T-CQDs were successfully applied for both one-photon imaging and two-photon imaging with various bio-samples, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Qixia District, Xianlin Road No. 163, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
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Ba XX, Zhang L, Yin YL, Jiang FL, Jiang P, Liu Y. Luminescent carbon dots with concentration-dependent emission in solution and yellow emission in solid state. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 565:77-85. [PMID: 31935587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) is a class of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with favorable stability and optical properties. However, CDs in solid state often suffer from fluorescence quenching due to π-π stacking of conjugated systems, like most small molecules or organic dyes. Herein, we prepared the CDs that generate bright yellow luminescence in solid state without any additional matrix, meanwhile the solid CDs are inclined to assembly into spherical structure. While the CDs are dissolved in aqueous solution, the photoluminescence (PL) emission from blue to green can be realized by regulating the concentration of CDs. With the concentration increasing, the self-assembly behavior of CDs is observed in solution, which leads to the bathochromic shift of photoluminescence. Besides, the mechanism of PL conversion in this process was proposed based on the characterization results, that with the concentration of CDs rising in solution, π-π interaction was restrained while electron redistribution was induced. Consequently, a localized state II caused by electron rearrangement gradually becomes the predominant emission state, resulting in the PL emission shifting to long-wavelength region. Moreover, CDs have shown favorable potentials in the field of anti-counterfeit and multicolor bioimaging, making the CDs highly attractive for a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xu Ba
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Peng Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Type of Carbon Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
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