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Li Y, Sun M, Tian X, Bao T, Yu Q, Ma NL, Gan R, Cheang WS, Wu X. Gymnemic acid alleviates gut barrier disruption and lipid dysmetabolism via regulating gut microbiota in HFD hamsters. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109709. [PMID: 39053860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption are key events associated with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced systemic metabolic disorders. Gymnemic acid (GA) has been reported to have an important role in alleviating HFD-induced disorders of glycolipid metabolism, but its regulatory role in HFD-induced disorders of the gut microbiota and gut barrier function has not been elucidated. Here we showed that GA intervention in HFD-induced hamsters increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing microbes including Lactobacillus (P<.05) and Lachnoclostridium (P<.01) in the gut, and reduced the relative abundance of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing microbes including Enterococcus (P<.05) and Bacteroides (P<.05), subsequently improving HFD-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Specifically, GA intervention reduced mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<.01), increased mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes, including Nfe2l2, Ho-1, and Nqo1 (P<.01), and increased mRNA expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, including Occludin and Claudin-1 (P<.01), thereby improving gut barrier function of HFD hamsters. This ameliorative effect of GA on the gut of HFD hamsters may further promote lipid metabolic balance in liver and adipose tissue by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Taken together, these results systematically revealed the important role of GA in regulating HFD-induced gut microbiota disturbance and gut barrier function impairment, providing a potential clinical theoretical basis for targeted treatment of HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Air Force Medical Center of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; College of food science & nutritional engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xutong Tian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongtong Bao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science & Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Renyou Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, China; TIB-UM Joint Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
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Xue P, You X, Ren L, Yue W, Ma Z. PPARγ-mediated amelioration of lipid metabolism abnormality by kaempferol. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 761:110154. [PMID: 39278305 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Kaempferol can exert biological functions by regulating various signaling pathways. This study evaluated the ameliorative effect of kaempferol on lipid accumulation using oleic acid and palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells and high-fat diet mice. In vitro oil red O staining showed that kaempferol treatment improved lipid accumulation (p < 0.001 for TG content and p < 0.05 for TC content). Immunofluorescence, western blot analysis and RT-qPCR showed that kaempferol could promote nuclear translocation of PPARγ and reduce the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPβ, and SREBP-1c. Dietary intervention with kaempferol could reduce the lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as attenuated serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in HFD-fed mice (p < 0.001 for IL-6 and p < 0.01 for TNF-α at kaempferol 60 mg/kg/d). Meanwhile, histopathological examination revealed that there was no substantial damage or distinct inflammation lesions in organs at the experimental dose, including the heart, lung, kidney, and spleen. The aforementioned research findings can serve as references for further preclinical investigations on the potential of kaempferol to mitigate lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xue
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xinyong You
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Weiming Yue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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3
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Shan S, Zhang Z, Nie J, Wen Y, Wu W, Liu Y, Zhao C. Marine algae-derived oligosaccharide via protein crotonylation of key targeting for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107257. [PMID: 38866264 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Global aging is a tendency of the world, as is the increasing prevalence of diabetes, and the two are closely linked. In our early research, Enteromorpha prolifera oligosaccharide (EPO) possesses the excellent ability of anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic. We aim to further explore the deeper mechanism of how EPO delays aging and regulates glycometabolism. EPO effectively impacts crotonylation procession to enhance glucose metabolism and reduce cell senescence in aging diabetic rats. Crotonylation modification of XPO1 influences the expression of critical genes, including p53, CDK1, and CCNB1, which affect cell cycle regulation and aging. Additionally, EPO improves glucose metabolism by inhibiting the crotonylation modification of HSPA8-K126 and activating the AKT pathway. EPO promotes crotonylation of histones in intestinal cells, influencing the aging process by increasing the butyric acid-producing bacteria Ruminococcaceae. The observed enhancement in pyrimidine metabolism underscores EPO's potential role in regulating intestinal health, presenting a promising avenue for delaying aging. In summary, our findings affirm EPO as a naturally bioactive ingredient with significant potential for anti-aging and antidiabetic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Zijie Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianping Nie
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense 32004, Spain
| | - Weihao Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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4
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Zhu Y, Yuan Y, Si H, Li S, Zhao F, Mu R, Lin Z, Wang X, Qiu Q, Xu C, Ji L, Li Z. Lipidomic and transcriptomic profiles provide new insights into the triacylglycerol and glucose handling capacities of the Arctic fox. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1388532. [PMID: 38988981 PMCID: PMC11233799 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1388532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) is a species indigenous to the Arctic and has developed unique lipid metabolism, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the significantly increased body weight of Arctic foxes was consistent with the significantly increased serum very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and the 40% crude fat diet further increased the Arctic fox body weight. The enhanced body weight gain stems primarily from increased subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation. The adipose triacylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were significantly greater in Arctic foxes. The adipose fatty-acid synthase content was significantly lower in Arctic foxes, highlighting the main role of exogenous fatty-acids in fat accumulation. Considering the same diet, liver-derived fat dominates adipose expansion in Arctic foxes. Liver transcriptome analysis revealed greater fat and VLDL synthesis in Arctic foxes, consistent with the greater VLDL. Glucose homeostasis wasn't impacted in Arctic foxes. And the free fatty-acids in adipose, which promote insulin resistance, also did not differ between groups. However, the hepatic glycogen was greater in Arctic foxes and transcriptome analysis revealed upregulated glycogen synthesis, improving glucose homeostasis. These results suggest that the superior fat accumulation capacity and distinct characteristics of hepatic and adipose lipid and glucose metabolism facilitate glucose homeostasis and massive fat accumulation in Arctic foxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huazhe Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Songze Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruina Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Qiu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lele Ji
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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5
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Pathmasiri W, Rushing BR, McRitchie S, Choudhari M, Du X, Smirnov A, Pelleigrini M, Thompson MJ, Sakaguchi CA, Nieman DC, Sumner SJ. Untargeted metabolomics reveal signatures of a healthy lifestyle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13630. [PMID: 38871777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated differences in the plasma metabolome in two groups of adults that were of similar age but varied markedly in body composition and dietary and physical activity patterns. Study participants included 52 adults in the lifestyle group (LIFE) (28 males, 24 females) and 52 in the control group (CON) (27 males, 25 females). The results using an extensive untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics analysis with 10,535 metabolite peaks identified 486 important metabolites (variable influence on projections scores of VIP ≥ 1) and 16 significantly enriched metabolic pathways that differentiated LIFE and CON groups. A novel metabolite signature of positive lifestyle habits emerged from this analysis highlighted by lower plasma levels of numerous bile acids, an amino acid profile characterized by higher histidine and lower glutamic acid, glutamine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and proline, an elevated vitamin D status, higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and gut microbiome catabolism metabolites from plant substrates, and reduced levels of N-glycan degradation metabolites and environmental contaminants. This study established that the plasma metabolome is strongly associated with body composition and lifestyle habits. The robust lifestyle metabolite signature identified in this study is consistent with an improved life expectancy and a reduced risk for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Blake R Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mansi Choudhari
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alexsandr Smirnov
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Matteo Pelleigrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Thompson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
| | - Susan J Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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6
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Liu H, Wang P, Xu F, Nie Q, Yan S, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Jiang C, Qin X, Pang Y. The Hydrophilic Metabolite UMP Alleviates Obesity Traits through a HIF2α-ACER2-Ceramide Signaling Axis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309525. [PMID: 38460165 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and its complications. Yet, the understanding of the interactions between critical metabolic pathways that underlie obesity remains to be improved, in part owing to the lack of comprehensive metabolomics studies that reconcile data from both hydrophilic and lipophilic metabolome analyses that can lead to the identification and characterization of key signaling networks. Here, the study conducts a comprehensive metabolomics analysis, surveying lipids and hydrophilic metabolites of the plasma and omental adipose tissue of obese individuals and the plasma and epididymal adipose tissue of mice. Through these approaches, it is found that a significant accumulation of ceramide due to inhibited sphingolipid catabolism, while a significant reduction in the levels of uridine monophosphate (UMP), is critical to pyrimidine biosynthesis. Further, it is found that UMP administration restores sphingolipid homeostasis and can reduce obesity in mice by reversing obesity-induced inhibition of adipocyte hypoxia inducible factor 2a (Hif2α) and its target gene alkaline ceramidase 2 (Acer2), so as to promote ceramide catabolism and alleviate its accumulation within cells. Using adipose tissue Hif2α-specific knockout mice, the study further demonstrates that the presence of UMP can alleviate obesity through a HIF2α-ACER2-ceramide pathway, which can be a new signaling axis for obesity improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Janssen China Research & Development, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Preservation and Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaomei Qin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanli Pang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Preservation and Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
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Kumari K, Singh A, Chaudhary A, Singh RK, Shanker A, Kumar V, Haque R. Neoantigen Identification and Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccines for Lung Cancer Immunotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:498. [PMID: 38793749 PMCID: PMC11125796 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies can treat many cancers, including difficult-to-treat cases such as lung cancer. Due to its tolerability, long-lasting therapeutic responses, and efficacy in a wide spectrum of patients, immunotherapy can also help to treat lung cancer, which has few treatment choices. Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) for cancer vaccinations and T-cell therapies are difficult to discover. Neoantigens (NeoAgs) from genetic mutations, irregular RNA splicing, protein changes, or viral genetic sequences in tumor cells provide a solution. NeoAgs, unlike TSAs, are non-self and can cause an immunological response. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics can swiftly detect and forecast tumor-specific NeoAgs. Highly immunogenic NeoAgs provide personalized or generalized cancer immunotherapies. Dendritic cells (DCs), which originate and regulate T-cell responses, are widely studied potential immunotherapeutic therapies for lung cancer and other cancers. DC vaccines are stable, reliable, and safe in clinical trials. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the current status, limitations, and prospective clinical applications of DC vaccines, as well as the identification and selection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II genes for NeoAgs. Our goal is to explain DC biology and activate DC manipulation to help researchers create extremely potent cancer vaccines for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya 824236, Bihar, India; (K.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Amarnath Singh
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Archana Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya 824236, Bihar, India; (K.K.); (A.C.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Asheesh Shanker
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya 824236, Bihar, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya 824236, Bihar, India; (K.K.); (A.C.)
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Strefeler A, Blanco-Fernandez J, Jourdain AA. Nucleosides are overlooked fuels in central carbon metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:290-299. [PMID: 38423899 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
From our daily nutrition and synthesis within cells, nucleosides enter the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body and tissues. Nucleosides and nucleotides are classically viewed as precursors of nucleic acids, but recently they have emerged as a novel energy source for central carbon metabolism. Through catabolism by nucleoside phosphorylases, the ribose sugar group is released and can provide substrates for lower steps in glycolysis. In environments with limited glucose, such as at sites of infection or in the tumor microenvironment (TME), cells can use, and may even require, this alternative energy source. Here, we discuss the implications of these new findings in health and disease and speculate on the potential new roles of nucleosides and nucleic acids in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Strefeler
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CP51, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Joan Blanco-Fernandez
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CP51, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Alexis A Jourdain
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CP51, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
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9
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Luo Y, Jin Y, Wang H, Wang G, Lin Y, Chen H, Li X, Wang M. Effects of Clostridium tyrobutyricum on Lipid Metabolism, Intestinal Barrier Function, and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:493. [PMID: 38398817 PMCID: PMC10893108 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications constitute a main threat to global human health. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the influences of Clostridium tyrobutyricum (Ct) on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal microbiome in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). After establishing the obesity model, 107 CFU/mL and 108 CFU/mL C. tyrobutyricum were used to intervene in HFD-fed mice by gavage for six weeks, and indexes related to obesity were measured. In the liver of HFD-fed mice, the results revealed that C. tyrobutyricum reduced liver weight and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), along with decreasing red lipid droplets and fat vacuoles. After C. tyrobutyricum intervention, the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was downregulated, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were upregulated in the liver. Additionally, C. tyrobutyricum alleviated intestinal morphology injury caused by HFD, decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in the colon, and upregulated tight junction protein expression. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that C. tyrobutyricum increases the diversity of intestinal microbiota. Overall, C. tyrobutyricum improved HFD-induced lipid metabolism disorders, preserved the intestinal barrier's integrity, and modulated the structure of the intestinal microbiome. These findings provide a novel insight into the role of C. tyrobutyricum as a probiotic in regulating lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Minqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (G.W.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (X.L.)
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10
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Namasivayam S, Tilves C, Ding H, Wu S, Domingue JC, Ruiz-Bedoya C, Shah A, Bohrnsen E, Schwarz B, Bacorn M, Chen Q, Levy S, Dominguez Bello MG, Jain SK, Sears CL, Mueller NT, Hourigan SK. Fecal transplant from vaginally seeded infants decreases intraabdominal adiposity in mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2353394. [PMID: 38743047 PMCID: PMC11095576 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2353394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposing C-section infants to the maternal vaginal microbiome, coined "vaginal seeding", partially restores microbial colonization. However, whether vaginal seeding decreases metabolic disease risk is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effect of vaginal seeding of human infants on adiposity in a murine model. Germ-free mice were colonized with transitional stool from human infants who received vaginal seeding or control (placebo) seeding in a double-blind randomized trial. There was a reduction in intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) volume in male mice that received stool from vaginally seeded infants compared to control infants. Higher levels of isoleucine and lower levels of nucleic acid metabolites were observed in controls and correlated with increased IAAT. This suggests that early changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome caused by vaginal seeding have a positive impact on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Namasivayam
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis Tilves
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua Ding
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaoguang Wu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jada C Domingue
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camilo Ruiz-Bedoya
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ankit Shah
- Inova Health System, Inova Women’s Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Eric Bohrnsen
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Mickayla Bacorn
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Chen
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shira Levy
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello
- Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Humans and the microbiome program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suchitra K Hourigan
- Clinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Qu Z, Tian P, Wang L, Jin X, Guo M, Lu J, Zhao J, Chen W, Wang G. Dietary Nucleotides Promote Neonatal Rat Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Development by Affecting Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19622-19637. [PMID: 38014964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A variety of active factors in milk and foods have been proven to serve as microbial nutrients that regulate the formation of early gut microbiota (GM), thereby ensuring the healthy development of infants. This study demonstrated that dietary nucleotides (NTs), one of the main nitrogen-containing substances in human milk, promoted the neurodevelopment of neonatal rats and the expression of Sox2, Dcx, Tuj1, and NeuN in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, but had no significant regulatory effects in the striatum. 16s rRNA sequencing and metabolomics of the colon contents of neonatal rats at different developmental stages showed that the early intake of NTs promoted an increase in the abundance of beneficial microorganisms related to neurodevelopment, digestion, and gut absorption, such as g_Romboutsia and g_Akkermansia. Changes in the ability of the GM to regulate folate synthesis, riboflavin metabolism, and other processes were also observed. Further analysis revealed significant correlations between the level of characteristic metabolites, namely, trans-3-indoleacrylic acid, urocanic acid, inosine, and adenosine, in the gut with neurodevelopment and characteristic GM components. These findings suggest that NTs in milk may affect neurodevelopment and maturation in early life by regulating the GM composition-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Peijun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
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12
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Zheng Y, Ying H, Shi J, Li L, Zhao Y. Alanyl-Glutamine Dipeptide Attenuates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Mice by Improving Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3988. [PMID: 37764772 PMCID: PMC10534574 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) manifests as a persistent liver ailment marked by the excessive buildup of lipids within the hepatic organ accompanied by inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Alanyl-glutamine (AG), a dipeptide comprising alanine and glutamine, is commonly employed as a nutritional supplement in clinical settings. This research aims to evaluate the impact of AG on NAFLD triggered by a high-fat diet (HFD), while concurrently delving into the potential mechanisms underlying its effects. The results presented herein demonstrate a notable reduction in the elevated body weight, liver mass, and liver index induced by a HFD upon AG administration. These alterations coincide with the amelioration of liver injury and the attenuation of hepatic histological advancement. Furthermore, AG treatment manifests a discernible diminution in oil-red-O-stained regions and triglyceride (TG) levels within the liver. Noteworthy alterations encompass lowered plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) concentrations, coupled with elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) concentrations. The mitigation of hepatic lipid accumulation resultant from AG administration is aligned with the downregulation of ACC1, SCD1, PPAR-γ, and CD36 expression, in conjunction with the upregulation of FXR and SHP expression. Concomitantly, AG administration leads to a reduction in the accumulation of F4/80-positive macrophages within the liver, likely attributable to the downregulated expression of MCP-1. Furthermore, AG treatment yields a decline in hepatic MDA levels and a concurrent increase in the activities of SOD and GPX. A pivotal observation underscores the effect of AG in rectifying the imbalance of gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Consequently, this study sheds light on the protective attributes of AG against HFD-induced NAFLD through the modulation of gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Zheng
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hanglu Ying
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiayi Shi
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Long Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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13
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Zhou NN, Wang T, Lin YX, Xu R, Wu HX, Ding FF, Qiao F, Du ZY, Zhang ML. Uridine alleviates high-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic syndromes by activating sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:56-66. [PMID: 37252330 PMCID: PMC10208930 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have a protein sparing effect, but long-term feeding of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) leads to metabolic disorders due to the limited utilization efficiency of carbohydrates in fish. How to mitigate the negative effects induced by HCD is crucial for the rapid development of aquaculture. Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that plays a vital role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, but whether uridine can alleviate metabolic syndromes induced by HCD remains unknown. In this study, a total of 480 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (average initial weight 5.02 ± 0.03 g) were fed with 4 diets, including a control diet (CON), HCD, HCD + 500 mg/kg uridine (HCUL) and HCD + 5,000 mg/kg uridine (HCUH), for 8 weeks. The results showed that addition of uridine decreased hepatic lipid, serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that higher concentration of uridine activated the sirtuin1 (sirt1)/adenosine 5-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to increase lipid catabolism and glycolysis while decreasing lipogenesis (P < 0.05). Besides, uridine increased the activity of glycogen synthesis-related enzymes (P < 0.05). This study suggested that uridine could alleviate HCD-induced metabolic syndrome by activating the sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis. This finding reveals the function of uridine in fish metabolism and facilitates the development of new additives in aquatic feeds.
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14
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Gao X, Yue C, Tian R, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Chen W, Zhai Q. The regulatory effects of specific polyphenols on Akkermansia are dependent on uridine. Food Chem 2023; 410:135367. [PMID: 36610089 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We examined the microbial regulatory capacity of four polyphenols with different structure in healthy mice and explore the mechanism according to exogenous metabolites and microbial metabolites. Oral administration of four polyphenols, including caffeic acid (CA), procyanidin (PA), puerarin (Pue), and resveratrol (Res), did not lead to metabolic disorder in healthy mice. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that CA, PA, and Pue administration significantly enhanced the abundance of Akkermansia and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 while Res supplement mainly promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides. Furthermore, correlation analysis and exogenous metabolite prediction revealed that the effects of polyphenols, including CA, PA, and Pue, on Akkermansia have strong relationship with uridine while the regulation of Res on microbiota might be dependent on the decrease on petroselinic acid. These investigations considerably suggest the importance of exploration of exogenous metabolites and reveal the similarity of effects of polyphenols on microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chenbo Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ruocen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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15
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou T, Wu X. N-carbamoyl aspartate reduced body weight by stimulating the thermogenesis of iBAT. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 665:152-158. [PMID: 37163935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Uridine has formerly been shown to alleviate obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation. N-carbamoyl aspartate (NCA) provides carbon atoms to uridine in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. However, whether NCA is involved in the lipid metabolism remains elusive. Here we showed that NCA supplementation significantly decreased (P < 0.05) serum cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels of mice, and significantly increased (P < 0.05) relative mRNA expression of genes related to the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Besides, supplemented with NCA significantly decreased body weight and area under the curve (AUC), and increased body temperature in the high-fat diet fed mice. For further, relative protein expression of uridine monophosphate synthase (UMPS), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP-1) and phosphorylated hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (P-HSL) in the liver, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) also showed upregulated in the high-fat diet fed mice. Thus, NCA promoted de novo synthesis of pyrimidine and polyunsaturated fatty acid, and reduced body weight by stimulating high-fat diet-induced thermogenesis of iBAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, PR China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, PR China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
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16
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Cui Y, Zhang C, Zhang X, Yu X, Ma Y, Qin X, Ma Z. Integrated serum pharmacochemistry and metabolomics reveal potential effective components and mechanisms of Shengjiang Xiexin decoction in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15602. [PMID: 37206044 PMCID: PMC10189181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction (SXD) is a widely recognized formula in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating diarrhea and is commonly used in clinical practice. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a type of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with a rising incidence rate that has severe consequences for humans. Recent clinical applications have found significant efficacy in using SXD as an adjunct to CDI treatment. However, the pharmacodynamic substance basis and therapeutic mechanism of SXD remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically analyze the metabolic mechanisms and key pharmacodynamic components of SXD in CDI mice by combining non-targeted metabolomics of Chinese medicine and serum medicinal chemistry. We established a CDI mouse model to observe the therapeutic effect of SXD on CDI. We investigated the mechanism of action and active substance composition of SXD against CDI by analyzing 16S rDNA gut microbiota, untargeted serum metabolomics, and serum pharmacochemistry. We also constructed a multi-scale, multifactorial network for overall visualization and analysis. Our results showed that SXD significantly reduced fecal toxin levels and attenuated colonic injury in CDI model mice. Additionally, SXD partially restored CDI-induced gut microbiota composition. Non-targeted serum metabolomics studies showed that SXD not only regulated Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism but also metabolic energy and amino acid pathways such as Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, Glycerolipid metabolism, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, as well as body and other metabolite production in the host. Through the implementation of network analysis methodologies, we have discerned that Panaxadiol, Methoxylutcolin, Ginsenoside-Rf, Suffruticoside A, and 10 other components serve as critical potential pharmacodynamic substance bases of SXD for CDI. This study reveals the metabolic mechanism and active substance components of SXD for the treatment of CDI mice using phenotypic information, gut microbiome, herbal metabolomics, and serum pharmacochemistry. It provides a theoretical basis for SXD quality control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Cui
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Bayannur City Hospital, Bayannaoer, China
| | - Congen Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Ma
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author. Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yongan Road, 100050, Beijing, China.
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17
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Lai K, Song C, Gao M, Deng Y, Lu Z, Li N, Geng Q. Uridine Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Macrophage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065093. [PMID: 36982166 PMCID: PMC10049139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uridine metabolism is extensively reported to be involved in combating oxidative stress. Redox-imbalance-mediated ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). This study aims to explore the role of uridine metabolism in sepsis-induced ALI and the regulatory mechanism of uridine in ferroptosis. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets including lung tissues in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) -induced ALI model or human blood sample of sepsis were collected. In vivo and vitro, LPS was injected into mice or administered to THP-1 cells to generate sepsis or inflammatory models. We identified that uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1) was upregulated in lung tissues and septic blood samples and uridine significantly alleviated lung injury, inflammation, tissue iron level and lipid peroxidation. Nonetheless, the expression of ferroptosis biomarkers, including SLC7A11, GPX4 and HO-1, were upregulated, while lipid synthesis gene (ACSL4) expression was greatly restricted by uridine supplementation. Moreover, pretreatment of ferroptosis inducer (Erastin or Era) weakened while inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1 or Fer-1) strengthened the protective effects of uridine. Mechanistically, uridine inhibited macrophage ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, uridine metabolism dysregulation is a novel accelerator for sepsis-induced ALI and uridine supplementation may offer a potential avenue for ameliorating sepsis-induced ALI by suppressing ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Minglang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zilong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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18
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Niu K, Bai P, Zhang J, Feng X, Qiu F. Cytidine Alleviates Dyslipidemia and Modulates the Gut Microbiota Composition in ob/ob Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051147. [PMID: 36904146 PMCID: PMC10005144 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytidine and uridine are endogenous metabolites in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway, and cytidine is a substrate that can be metabolized into uridine via cytidine deaminase. Uridine has been widely reported to be effective in regulating lipid metabolism. However, whether cytidine could ameliorate lipid metabolism disorder has not yet been investigated. In this research, ob/ob mice were used, and the effect of cytidine (0.4 mg/mL in drinking water for five weeks) on lipid metabolism disorder was evaluated in terms of an oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid levels, liver histopathological analysis and gut microbiome analysis. Uridine was used as a positive control. Our findings reveal that cytidine could alleviate certain aspects of dyslipidemia and improve hepatic steatosis via modulating the gut microbiota composition in ob/ob mice, especially increasing the abundance of short-chain fatty acids-producing microbiota. These results suggest that cytidine supplementation could be a potential therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xinchi Feng
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (F.Q.); Tel.: +86-22-595-6223 (X.F.)
| | - Feng Qiu
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (F.Q.); Tel.: +86-22-595-6223 (X.F.)
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19
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Devi K, Kumar V, Kumar V, Mahajan N, Kaur J, Sharma S, Kumar A, Khan R, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK. Modified cereal bran (MCB) from finger millet, kodo millet, and rice bran prevents high-fat diet-induced metabolic derangements. Food Funct 2023; 14:1459-1475. [PMID: 36648164 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02095e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cereal bran consumption improves gastrointestinal and metabolic health. Unprocessed cereal brans have a limited shelf-life and contain anti-nutrient phytochemicals. In the present study, lipids and antinutrients (flavonoids, tannin, and polyphenol) were removed from finger millet, kodo millet and rice bran using chemo-enzymatic processing. The thus-obtained modified cereal brans (MCBs) were evaluated for their potential in preventing high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD or a HFD supplemented with 10% w/w modified finger millet bran (mFMB), modified kodo millet bran (mKMB), modified rice bran (mRB), or a combination of the modified brans (1 : 1 : 1) for twelve weeks. The MCBs reduced HFD-induced body weight gain, improved glucose homeostasis, decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and increased the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in the cecum. Liver dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) hypertrophy, and lipolysis were also prevented by the MCBs. Among the individual MCBs, mRB showed a greater effect in preventing HFD-induced increase in the inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and LPS) than mFMB and mKMB. mFMB and mKMB supplementation more significantly restored the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and butyrate-producing genera such as Lachnospiraceae, Eubacterium, and Ruminococcus than mRB. Ex vivo gut permeability assay, immunohistochemistry of tight junction proteins, and gene expression analysis in the colon revealed that the combination of three brans was better in preventing HFD-induced leaky gut in comparison to the individual brans. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the combination group was clustered closest to the NPD group, suggesting an additive effect. Our study implies that a combination of mFMB, mKMB, and mRB could be used as a nutraceutical or functional food ingredient for preventing HFD-induced gut derangements and associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Devi
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vibhu Kumar
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neha Mahajan
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Jasleen Kaur
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (INST), Knowledge city-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (INST), Knowledge city-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Division of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
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20
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Gao LM, Liu GY, Wang HL, Wassie T, Wu X, Yin YL. Impact of dietary supplementation with N-carbamoyl-aspartic acid on serum metabolites and intestinal microflora of sows. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:750-763. [PMID: 36054758 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-Carbamoyl-aspartic acid (NCA) is a critical precursor for de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. To investigate the cumulative effects of maternal supplementation with NCA on the productive performance, serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota of sows, 40 pregnant sows (∼day 80) were assigned into two groups: (1) the control (CON) and (2) treatment (NCA, 50 g t-1 NCA). RESULTS Results showed that piglets from the NCA group had heavier birth weight than those in the CON group (P < 0.05). In addition, maternal supplementation with NCA decreased the backfat loss of sows during lactation (P < 0.05). Furthermore,16S-rRNA sequencing results revealed that maternal NCA supplementation decreased the abundance of Cellulosilyticum, Fournierella, Anaerovibrio, and Oribacterium genera of sows during late pregnancy (P < 0.05). Similarly, on the 14th day of lactation, maternal supplementation with NCA reduced the diversity of fecal microbes of sows as evidenced by significantly lower observed species, Chao1, and Ace indexes, and decreased the abundance of Lachnospire, Faecalibacterium, and Anaerovorax genera, while enriched the abundance of Catenisphaera (P < 0.05). Untargeted metabolomics showed that a total of 48 differentially abundant biomarkers were identified, which were mainly involved in metabolic pathways of arginine/proline metabolism, phenylalanine/tyrosine metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results indicated that NCA supplementation regulated intestinal microbial composition of sows and serum differential metabolites related to arginine, proline, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and fatty acids metabolism that may contribute to regulating the backfat loss of sows, and the birth weight and diarrhea rate of piglets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Min Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Gang-Yi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Ling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Teketay Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Long Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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21
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Liébana-García R, Olivares M, Francés-Cuesta C, Rubio T, Rossini V, Quintas G, Sanz Y. Intestinal group 1 innate lymphoid cells drive macrophage-induced inflammation and endocrine defects in obesity and promote insulinemia. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2181928. [PMID: 36823075 PMCID: PMC9980552 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2181928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercaloric diets overactivate the intestinal immune system and disrupt the microbiome and epithelial cell functions, impairing glucose metabolism. The origins of this inflammatory cascade are poorly characterized. We investigated the involvement of intestinal proinflammatory group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) in obesity progression and metabolic disruption. In obese mice, we studied longitudinally the ILC1s response to the diet and ILC1s depletion to address its role in obesity. ILC1s are required for the expansion of pro-inflammatory macrophages and ILC2s. ILC1s depletion induced the ILC3-IL-22 pathway, increasing mucin production, antimicrobial peptides, and neuroendocrine cells. These changes were translated into higher gut hormones and reduced insulinemia and adiposity. ILC1s depletion was also associated with a bloom in Akkermansia muciniphila and decreases in Bilophila spp. Intestinal-ILC1s are upstream activators of inflammatory signals, connecting immunity with the microbiome, the enteroendocrine system, and the intestinal barrier in the control of glucose metabolism and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Liébana-García
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Olivares
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain,CONTACT Marta Olivares Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Francés-Cuesta
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Rubio
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Valerio Rossini
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quintas
- Health and Biomedicine, Leitat Technological Center, Terrassa, Spain,Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain,Yolanda Sanz Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
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22
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Nobiletin protects enteric nerves and ameliorates disordered bowel motility in diet-induced obese mice via increasing Trem2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Ge M, Huang L, Ma Y, Sun S, Wu L, Xu W, Yang D. MLN4924 Treatment Diminishes Excessive Lipid Storage in High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by Stimulating Hepatic Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Lipid Metabolites. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112460. [PMID: 36432651 PMCID: PMC9696831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MLN4924 is a selective neddylation inhibitor that has shown great potential in treating several cancer and metabolic diseases, including obesity. However, it remains largely unknown whether MLN4924 has similar effect on non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), which is closely associated with metabolic disorders. Here, we investigated the role of MLN4924 in NAFLD treatment and the underlying mechanism of the action using primary hepatocytes stimulated with free fatty acid, as well as high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mouse models. We found that MLN4924 can inhibit the accumulation of lipid and reduce the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a key player in adipocyte differentiation and function in both in vivo and in vitro models. Moreover, we verified its important role in decreasing the synthesis and accumulation of fat in the liver, thus mitigating the development of NAFLD in the mouse model. The body weight and fat mass in MLN4924-treated animals were significantly reduced compared to the control group, while the metabolic activity, including O2 consumption, CO2 and heat production, also increased in these animals. Importantly, we demonstrated for the first time that MLN4924 can markedly boost mitochondrial fat acid oxidation (FAO) to alter liver lipid metabolism. Finally, we compared the metabolites between MLN4924-treated and untreated Huh7 cells after fatty acid induction using lipidomics methods and techniques. We found induction of several metabolites in the treated cells, including Beta-guanidinopropionic acid (b-GPA) and Fluphenazine, which was in accordance with the increase of FAO and metabolism. Together, our study provided a link between neddylation modification and energy metabolism, as well as evidence for targeting neddylation as an emerging therapeutic approach to tackle NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiao Ge
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yinjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuangyi Sun
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Library, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dongqin Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (D.Y.)
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24
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Belosludtseva NV, Starinets VS, Mikheeva IB, Belosludtsev MN, Dubinin MV, Mironova GD, Belosludtsev KN. Effect of Chronic Treatment with Uridine on Cardiac Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the C57BL/6 Mouse Model of High-Fat Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10633. [PMID: 36142532 PMCID: PMC9502122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is associated with complex damage to cardiomyocytes and the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in the myocardium. Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, plays an important role in cellular metabolism and is used to improve cardiac function. Herein, the antidiabetic potential of uridine (30 mg/kg/day for 21 days, i.p.) and its effect on mitochondrial homeostasis in the heart tissue were examined in a high-fat diet-streptozotocin-induced model of diabetes in C57BL/6 mice. We found that chronic administration of uridine to diabetic mice normalized plasma glucose and triglyceride levels and the heart weight/body weight ratio and increased the rate of glucose utilization during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Analysis of TEM revealed that uridine prevented diabetes-induced ultrastructural abnormalities in mitochondria and sarcomeres in ventricular cardiomyocytes. In diabetic heart tissue, the mRNA level of Ppargc1a decreased and Drp1 and Parkin gene expression increased, suggesting the disturbances of mitochondrial biogenesis, fission, and mitophagy, respectively. Uridine treatment of diabetic mice restored the mRNA level of Ppargc1a and enhanced Pink1 gene expression, which may indicate an increase in the intensity of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, and as a consequence, mitochondrial turnover. Uridine also reduced oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction and suppressed lipid peroxidation, but it had no significant effect on the impaired calcium retention capacity and potassium transport in the heart mitochondria of diabetic mice. Altogether, these findings suggest that, along with its hypoglycemic effect, uridine has a protective action against diabetes-mediated functional and structural damage to cardiac mitochondria and disruption of mitochondrial quality-control systems in the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia
| | - Vlada S. Starinets
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia
| | - Irina B. Mikheeva
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Maxim N. Belosludtsev
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Dubinin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia
| | - Galina D. Mironova
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Transport, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia
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25
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Metabolomic Characteristics of Liver and Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Lactobacillus plantarum FRT10. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162491. [PMID: 36010491 PMCID: PMC9407591 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a major social problem related to health and quality of life. Our previous work demonstrated that Lactobacillus plantarum FRT10 alleviated obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice by alleviating gut dysbiosis. However, the underlying functions of FRT10 in regulating liver and cecum contents metabolism remain unknown. Liver and cecum contents metabonomics combined with pathway analysis based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) were performed to evaluate the alterations of metabolic profiles between obese control mice and obese mice in FRT10-treated groups. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) score plots showed that there were significant differences in cecum contents and liver markers between experimental groups. In total, 26 potential biomarkers were identified in the liver and 15 in cecum contents that could explain the effect of FRT10 addition in HFD-fed mice. In addition, gut–liver axis analysis indicated that there was a strong correlation between cecum contents metabolites and hepatic metabolites. The mechanism of FRT10 against obesity might be related to the alterations in glycerophospholipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, amino metabolism, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Studies on these metabolites could help us better understand the role of FRT10 in obesity induced by HFD.
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26
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Yan J, Li J, Xue Q, Xie S, Jiang J, Li P, Du B. Bacillus sp. DU-106 ameliorates type 2 diabetes by modulating gut microbiota in high-fat-fed and streptozotocin-induced mice. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3126-3138. [PMID: 35951725 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic disease that manifests as endocrine and metabolic disorders that seriously threatening public health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus sp. DU-106 on anti-diabetic effects and gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2D. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacillus sp. DU-106 was administered to model mice for eight consecutive weeks. Oral administration of Bacillus sp. DU-106 decreased food and water intake and alleviated body weight loss. Moreover, Bacillus sp. DU-106 imparted several health benefits to mice, including balanced blood glucose, alleviation of insulin resistance in T2D mice, and an improvement in lipid metabolism. Furthermore, Bacillus sp. DU-106 protected against liver and pancreatic impairment. Additionally, Bacillus sp. DU-106 treatment reshaped intestinal flora by enhancing gut microbial diversity and enriching the abundance of certain functional bacteria. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings suggest that Bacillus sp. DU-106 can ameliorate T2D by regulating the gut microbiota. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY Therefore, a novel probiotic, Bacillus sp. DU-106 may be a promising therapeutic agent for improving and alleviating T2D in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjian Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuyan Xue
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqing Xie
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Guangzhou City Polytechnic, 510405, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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27
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Li D, Xu Z, Li Y, Gan L, Wu P, Wu R, Jin J, Zheng X, Zhang K, Ma H, Li L. Polysaccharides from Callerya speciosa alleviate metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8662-8675. [PMID: 35904346 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Callerya speciosa ("Niu Dali" in Chinese) is a well-known edible plant in Southeast China. C. speciosa roots contain a high level of polysaccharides, which have been reported to show multiple health-promoting effects. In the current study, the anti-obesity effects of a crude extract of C. speciosa polysaccharides (NP) and its underlying mechanisms of action are investigated. C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups and fed either a standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD). The HFD + NP group mice received oral administration of NP (100 mg per kg per day) every other day for 10 weeks. NP supplementation alleviated HFD-induced diabetic biomarkers including body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipocyte hypertrophy. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that NP inhibited hepatic de novo lipogenesis and adipogenesis (i.e. decreased expression of Srebp1c, Fas, Cebpα, and Pparγ), stimulated adipocyte lipolysis (enhanced mRNA expression of Hsl and Mgl), and attenuated HFD-induced hepatic inflammation (decreased expression of TNF-α and NF-κB p65). Furthermore, 16S rDNA and GC-MS analyses showed that NP supplementation restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportion, elevated colon-derived SCFAs, especially acetic acid content, and increased the relative abundance of genera associated with SCFA production in HFD-fed mice. Findings from this study suggest that NP alleviated HFD-induced obesity in a mouse model, which was possibly due to its ameliorative effects on diet-induced gut dysbiosis. Polysaccharides from C. speciosa are promising prebiotics and they may be further developed as functional foods for the management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Zhaonan Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China.,Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
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28
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Xu R, Wang T, Ding FF, Zhou NN, Qiao F, Chen LQ, Du ZY, Zhang ML. Lactobacillus plantarum Ameliorates High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress by Upregulating Uridine Synthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071238. [PMID: 35883730 PMCID: PMC9312134 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The overconsumption of carbohydrates induces oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in the liver, which can be alleviated by modulation of intestinal microbiota; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that a strain affiliated with Lactobacillus plantarum (designed as MR1) efficiently attenuated lipid deposition, oxidative stress, as well as inflammatory response, which are caused by high-carbohydrate diet (HC) in fish with poor utilization ability of carbohydrates. Serum untargeted metabolome analysis indicated that pyrimidine metabolism was the significantly changed pathway among the groups. In addition, the content of serum uridine was significantly decreased in the HC group compared with the control group, while it increased by supplementation with L. plantarum MR1. Further analysis showed that addition of L. plantarum MR1 reshaped the composition of gut microbiota and increased the content of intestinal acetate. In vitro experiment showed that sodium acetate could induce the synthesis of uridine in hepatocytes. Furthermore, we proved that uridine could directly ameliorate oxidative stress and decrease liver lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes. In conclusion, this study indicated that probiotic L. plantarum MR1 ameliorated high-carbohydrate diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress by increasing the circulating uridine, suggesting that intestinal microbiota can regulate the metabolism of nucleotides to maintain host physiological homeostasis.
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29
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Niu K, Bai P, Yang B, Feng X, Qiu F. Asiatic acid alleviates metabolism disorders in ob/ob mice: mechanistic insights. Food Funct 2022; 13:6934-6946. [PMID: 35696250 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01069k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glucolipid metabolism disorders pose a serious and global health problem, and more effective prevention and treatment methods are urgently needed. In this study, ob/ob mice were used to explore the potential mechanism explaining how asiatic acid (AA) regulates glucolipid metabolism disorders. Five-week AA treatment (30 mg kg-1) significantly improved a host of metabolic factors in ob/ob mice, including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and liver histopathology. Combined analysis of untargeted liver metabolomics, liver transcriptomics, and the gut microbiome was conducted, and the results showed that AA alleviates metabolic disorders in ob/ob mice through regulating pyrimidine metabolism, activating PPAR-γ, and modulating gut microbiota. AA treatment remarkedly increased the levels of cytosine and cytidine, two crucial endogenous metabolites related to pyrimidine metabolism, which were significantly decreased in ob/ob mice. AA treatment also affected the levels of 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, an endogenous PPAR-γ agonist. The abundances of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014 were increased after AA treatment. Meanwhile, correlation analysis showed that endogenous metabolites and gut microbiota were strongly correlated. These findings indicated that AA supplements might be beneficial for the prevention of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixia Niu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, and State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Pengpeng Bai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, and State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Bingbing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, and State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xinchi Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, and State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, and State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Ramos MJ, Bandiera L, Menolascina F, Fallowfield JA. In vitro models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Emerging platforms and their applications. iScience 2022; 25:103549. [PMID: 34977507 PMCID: PMC8689151 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a global healthcare challenge, affecting 1 in 4 adults, and death rates are predicted to rise inexorably. The progressive form of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, no medical treatments are licensed for NAFLD-NASH. Identifying efficacious therapies has been hindered by the complexity of disease pathogenesis, a paucity of predictive preclinical models and inadequate validation of pharmacological targets in humans. The development of clinically relevant in vitro models of the disease will pave the way to overcome these challenges. Currently, the combined application of emerging technologies (e.g., organ-on-a-chip/microphysiological systems) and control engineering approaches promises to unravel NAFLD biology and deliver tractable treatment candidates. In this review, we will describe advances in preclinical models for NAFLD-NASH, the recent introduction of novel technologies in this space, and their importance for drug discovery endeavors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jimenez Ramos
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lucia Bandiera
- Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.,Synthsys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Filippo Menolascina
- Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.,Synthsys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Jonathan Andrew Fallowfield
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Zhang L, Wang X, He Y, Cao J, Wang K, Lin H, Qu C, Miao J. Regulatory Effects of Functional Soluble Dietary Fiber from Saccharina japonica Byproduct on the Liver of Obese Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:91. [PMID: 35200621 PMCID: PMC8877147 DOI: 10.3390/md20020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Though the relationship between dietary fiber and physical health has been investigated widely, the use of dietary fiber from marine plants has been investigated relatively rarely. The Saccharina japonica byproducts after the production of algin contain a large amount of insoluble polysaccharide, which will cause a waste of resources if ignored. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF)prepared from waste byproducts of Saccharina japonica by alkaline hydrolysis method for the first time had a wrinkled microscopic surface and low crystallinity, which not only significantly reduced liver index, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amiotransferase (ALT), and liver fat accumulation damage to the livers of obese diabetic mice, but also activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to increase liver glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. By LC-MS/MS employing a Nexera UPLC tandem QE high-resolution mass spectrometer, the 6 potential biomarker metabolites were screened, namely glycerophosphocholine (GPC), phosphocholine (PCho), pantothenic acid, glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and betaine; several pathways of these metabolites were associated with lipid metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the liver were observed. This study further provided a detailed insight into the mechanisms of SDF from Saccharina japonica byproducts in regulating the livers of obese mice with type 2 diabetes and laid a reliable foundation for the further development and utilization of Saccharina japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Xixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Junhan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Huan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Changfeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinlai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (X.W.); (Y.H.); (J.C.); (K.W.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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32
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Ramos MJ, Bandiera L, Menolascina F, Fallowfield JA. In vitro models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Emerging platforms and their applications. iScience 2022; 25:103549. [PMID: 34977507 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a global healthcare challenge, affecting 1 in 4 adults, and death rates are predicted to rise inexorably. The progressive form of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, no medical treatments are licensed for NAFLD-NASH. Identifying efficacious therapies has been hindered by the complexity of disease pathogenesis, a paucity of predictive preclinical models and inadequate validation of pharmacological targets in humans. The development of clinically relevant in vitro models of the disease will pave the way to overcome these challenges. Currently, the combined application of emerging technologies (e.g., organ-on-a-chip/microphysiological systems) and control engineering approaches promises to unravel NAFLD biology and deliver tractable treatment candidates. In this review, we will describe advances in preclinical models for NAFLD-NASH, the recent introduction of novel technologies in this space, and their importance for drug discovery endeavors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jimenez Ramos
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lucia Bandiera
- Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
- Synthsys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Filippo Menolascina
- Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
- Synthsys - Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Jonathan Andrew Fallowfield
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Wang X, Zhang L, Qin L, Wang Y, Chen F, Qu C, Miao J. Physicochemical Properties of the Soluble Dietary Fiber from Laminaria japonica and Its Role in the Regulation of Type 2 Diabetes Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:329. [PMID: 35057510 PMCID: PMC8779286 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminaria japonica is a large marine brown alga that is annually highly productive. However, due to its underutilization, its potential value is substantially wasted. For example, a lot of Laminaria japonica cellulose remains unused during production of algin. The soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was prepared from the byproducts of Laminaria japonica, and its physicochemical properties were explored. SDF exhibits good water-holding, oil-holding, water-absorbing swelling, glucose and cholesterol absorption capacity, and inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. In addition, the beneficial effects of SDF in diabetic mice include reduced body weight, lower blood glucose, and relieved insulin resistance. Finally, the intestinal flora and metabolomic products were analyzed from feces using 16S amplicon and LC-MS/MS, respectively. SDF not only significantly changed the composition and structure of intestinal flora and intestinal metabolites, but also significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Akkermansia, Odoribacter and Bacteroides, decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Staphylococcus, and increased the content of bioactive substances in intestinal tract, such as harmine, magnolol, arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2, urimorelin and azelaic acid. Taken together, these findings suggest that dietary intake of SDF alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus disease, and provides an important theoretical basis for SDF to be used as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (F.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
| | - Fushan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Changfeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinlai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, Qingdao 266061, China; (L.Z.); (L.Q.); (Y.W.); (C.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Ding Q, Guo R, Pei L, Lai S, Li J, Yin Y, Xu T, Yang W, Song Q, Han Q, Dou X, Li S. N-acetylcysteine alleviates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury via regulating intestinal microecology in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:3368-3380. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03952k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a well-accepted antioxidant, has been shown to protect against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of the beneficial...
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35
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Li S, Zhou L, Zhang Q, Yu M, Xiao X. Genistein improves glucose metabolism and promotes adipose tissue browning through modulating gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:11715-11732. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01973f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Genistein improves glucose metabolism and promotes adipose tissue browning through modulating gut microbiota in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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36
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Fu J. Advances in antiobesity mechanisms of capsaicin. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 61:1-5. [PMID: 34537583 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic that affects the lives and health of millions of people. The prevention and treatment of obesity have become a significant public health challenge worldwide. Numerous studies showed that the gut microbiota is associated with the development of obesity, and the regulatory mechanisms mediating the relationship between gut microbiota and obesity have become an intense research area. Capsaicin is a vanilla amide alkaloid that is an active ingredient in pepper. Much research demonstrated the antiobesity activity of capsaicin. This article reviews recent research on the antiobesity mechanisms of capsaicin involving alterations of the gut microbial composition, reduction of intestinal permeability, and regulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis. This summary will establish a basis for further developing capsaicin as an ingredient in medications and health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Wang
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yahan Zhou
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China.
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37
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Jiang D, Zhang J, Lin S, Wang Y, Chen Y, Fan J. Prolyl Endopeptidase Gene Disruption Improves Gut Dysbiosis and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Induced by a High-Fat Diet. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:628143. [PMID: 34095107 PMCID: PMC8172602 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.628143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut-liver axis is increasingly recognized as being involved in the pathogenesis and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) plays a role in gut metabolic homeostasis and neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the role of PREP disruption in the crosstalk between gut flora and hepatic steatosis or inflammation in mice with NAFLD. Wild-type mice (WT) and PREP gene knocked mice (PREPgt) were fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 or 24 weeks. Murine gut microbiota profiles were generated at 16 or 24 weeks. Liver lipogenesis-associated molecules and their upstream mediators, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin1 (SIRT1), were detected using RT-PCR or western blot in all mice. Inflammatory triggers and mediators from the gut or infiltrated inflammatory cells and signal mediators, such as p-ERK and p-p65, were determined. We found that PREP disruption modulated microbiota composition and altered the abundance of several beneficial bacteria such as the butyrate-producing bacteria in mice fed a HFD for 16 or 24 weeks. The level of butyrate in HFD-PREPgt mice significantly increased compared with that of the HFD-WT mice at 16 weeks. Interestingly, PREP disruption inhibited p-ERK and p-p65 and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in response to endotoxin and proline-glycine-proline, which guided macrophage/neutrophil infiltration in mice fed a HFD for 24 weeks. However, at 16 weeks, PREP disruption, other than regulating hepatic inflammation, displayed improved liver lipogenesis and AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. PREP disruption may target multiple hepatic mechanisms related to the liver, gut, and microbiota, displaying a dynamic role in hepatic steatosis and inflammation during NAFLD. PREP might serve as a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daixi Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangzhe Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhai Z, Liu J, Niu KM, Lin C, Tu Y, Liu Y, Cai L, Liu H, Ouyang K. Integrated Metagenomics and Metabolomics to Reveal the Effects of Policosanol on Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemic C57BL/6 Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:722055. [PMID: 34707567 PMCID: PMC8542985 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.722055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the regulatory effects of policosanol on hyperlipidemia, gut microbiota and metabolic status in a C57BL/6 mouse model. A total of 35 C57BL/6 mice were assigned to 3 groups, chow (n=12), high fat diet (HFD, n=12) and HFD+policosanol (n=11), then treated for 18 weeks. Policosanol supplementation significantly reduced serum triglycerides and total cholesterol, as well as the weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT) (p<0.05), without affecting body weight in HFD-fed mice (p>0.05). Combined 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic analysis demonstrated that policosanol had regulatory effects on gut microbiota and serum metabolism in mice. In obese mice, policosanol increased the proportion of Bacteroides, decreased the proportion of Firmicutes, and increased the ratio of Bacteroides to Firmicutes (p<0.05). Policosanol promoted lipolysis and thermogenesis process, including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and pyruvate cycle, correlated with the increasing level of Bacteroides, Parasutterella, and decreasing level of Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas. Moreover, policosanol decreased fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the iWAT of obese mice. Policosanol also increased peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), uncoupling Protein-1 (UCP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) obese mice (p<0.05). This study presents the new insight that policosanol may inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids, and promote lipolysis, thermogenesis related gene expression and regulate gut microbiota constituents, which provides potential for policosanol as an antihyperlipidemia functional food additive and provide new evidence for whole grain food to replace refined food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Zhai
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai-Min Niu
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, China
| | - Chong Lin
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Lichuang Cai
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiping Liu
- Era Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Kexian Ouyang, ; Huiping Liu,
| | - Kexian Ouyang
- Jiangxi Functional Feed Additive Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biological Resource, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Kexian Ouyang, ; Huiping Liu,
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