1
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Shrivastava KC, Kumar KSA, Sengupta A, Ali SM, Ramkumar J. Reversible Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Uranyl-Sensing Optode Film in Aqueous Streams: Color Transformation and Reusability. Anal Chem 2024; 96:12658-12666. [PMID: 39041178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
A hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (HDES)-based optode was designed for the preconcentration and determination of the UO22+ ion in aqueous media using spectroscopic techniques [energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and solid-state absorption]. The optode was developed by incorporation of HDES (tri-n-octyl phosphine oxide and decanoic acid in an equimolar ratio), tri-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, and 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol into a cellulose triacetate matrix. Characterization studies were carried out using different techniques to understand the roles of HDES as a plasticizer, UO22+ extractant, and Br-PADAP immobilizer. Uptake studies revealed that the optimal pH was 3 and sorption followed the type II adsorption isotherm. Uranium in the U-sorbed optode can be directly analyzed over a large concentration range of 0.021 × 10-3-2.1 × 10-3 Mol L-1 using EDXRF. The optode film exhibited a linear dynamic range of 0.84 × 10-6-84 × 10-6 Mol L-1 for uranium, with a lowest limit of detection of 0.084 × 10-6 Mol L-1 by colorimetric analysis. This optode-based method was employed for seawater analysis for its UO22+ concentration without any matrix separation, and the concentration was found to be 1.30 ± 0.06 × 10-8 Mol L-1. The optode exhibited better selectivity for UO22+ in the presence of various cations including Sr2+ and Cs+ in an aqueous medium. Compared to other prevailing optical sensors, this optode performed better in terms of key factors like pH, equilibration time, reusability, and detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal C Shrivastava
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - K S Ajish Kumar
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Arijit Sengupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Sheikh Musharaf Ali
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Jayshree Ramkumar
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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2
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Romanholo PVV, de Andrade LM, Silva-Neto HA, Coltro WKT, Sgobbi LF. Digitally Controlled Printing of Bioink Barriers for Paper-Based Analytical Devices: An Environmentally Friendly One-Step Approach. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5349-5356. [PMID: 38554084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The patterning of hydrophilic paper with hydrophobic materials has emerged as an interesting method for the fabrication of paper-based devices (PADs). Herein, we demonstrate a digitally automated, easy, low-cost, eco-friendly, and readily available method to create highly hydrophobic barriers on paper that can be promptly employed with PADs by simply using a bioink made with rosin, a commercially available natural resin obtained from conifer trees. The bioink can be easily delivered with the use of a ballpoint pen to produce water- and organic solvent-resistant barriers, showing superior properties when compared to other methods such as wax-printing or permanent markers. The approach enables the pen to be attached to a commercially available cutting printer to perform the semiautomated fabrication of hydrophobic barriers for PADs. With the aid of digitally controlled optimization, together with features of machine learning and design of experiments, we show a thorough investigation on the barrier strength that can be further adjusted to the desired application's needs. Then, we explored the barrier sturdiness across various uses, such as wide range aqueous pH sensing and the harsh acidic/organic conditions needed for the colorimetric detection of cholecalciferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V V Romanholo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Larissa M de Andrade
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Habdias A Silva-Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-861 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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3
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Sasikumar T, Ilanchelian M. Facile preparation of dihydrolipoic acid-stabilized red-emitting silver nanoclusters as a sensitive fluorometric probe for sulfide ions detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123034. [PMID: 37379714 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a smartphone-integrated paper-based sensor for the determination of sulfide ions (S2-) using water-soluble dihydrolipoic acid stabilized silver nanoclusters (DHLA-AgNCs) as a nanoprobe. The optical properties of red emitting fluorescent DHLA-AgNCs was confirmed by UV-visible, steady state flourometric spectroscopic studies. The HR-TEM analysis revealed that the morphology of DHLA-AgNCs was quasi spherical with a grain size of ∼ 5.2 nm. The DHLA-AgNCs exhibited bright red luminescence with strong emission band centered at 650 nm upon the excitation at 420 nm. The excellent fluorescence property of DHLA-AgNCs was further utilized for fluorometric determination of S2- ions. The DHLA-AgNCs can be effectively quenched by increasing concentration of S2- ions owing to the formation of Ag2S complex. The DHLA-AgNCs probe could detect S2- ions preferentially even in the presence of other possible interfering anions with a limit of detection of 32.71 nM. In addition, the proposed technique was effectively used to detect S2- ions in environmental water samples such as tap and drinking water. The detect S2- ions detection was assay and showed good agree compared with the conventional methylene blue approach and showed comparable results. Moreover, a smartphone-paper-based detection assay was developed using the DHLA-AgNCs probe for highly selective and sensitive determination of S2- ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangarasu Sasikumar
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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4
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Xiao J, Jiang J, Zhao Z, Guo J, Wang J. Clarity improvement of the discoloration boundary and detection of Hg 2+ ions by using a polystyrene nanoparticle-modified paper-based microdevice. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2366-2375. [PMID: 37129571 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Distance-based microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) can be used to calculate the analyte content by reading the length of the discolored area in the channel. A blurred discoloration boundary is difficult to distinguish, resulting in reading errors. In this study, we constructed a μPAD modified with carboxyl-containing polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-μPAD) to improve the discoloration-boundary clarity. The filling of the pores of the fibers with the deposited polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) caused a decrease in the paper porosity, resulting in a flow delay. Meanwhile, the carboxyl groups carried by PS NPs were able to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl-containing compounds FLPI, a Hg2+ probe, and the two factors acted synergistically to fix the FLPI to react in situ, raising the discoloration-boundary clarity. Compared with the unmodified μPAD, the detection of Hg2+ ions using the PS-μPAD still had a good linear relationship. Importantly, the color-depth difference inside and outside the discoloration boundary improved by about four times and showed excellent reproducibility in different populations. The method was simple and easy to expand, thereby providing an idea for more widespread application of distance-based μPADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Xiao
- College of Chemical & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- College of Chemical & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Zexu Zhao
- College of Chemical & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Jiahao Guo
- College of Chemical & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Jinyi Wang
- College of Chemical & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
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5
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Aguado RJ, Mazega A, Fiol N, Tarrés Q, Mutjé P, Delgado-Aguilar M. Durable Nanocellulose-Stabilized Emulsions of Dithizone/Chloroform in Water for Hg 2+ Detection: A Novel Approach for a Classical Problem. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12580-12589. [PMID: 36821826 PMCID: PMC9999351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of dithizone (DTZ) for colorimetric heavy-metal detection is approximately one century old. However, its pending stability issues and the need for simple indicators justify further research. Using cellulose nanofibers, we attained DTZ-containing emulsions with high stability. These emulsions had water (at least 95 wt %) and acetic acid (1-8 mL/L) conforming the continuous phase, while dispersed droplets of diameter <1 μm contained chloroform-solvated DTZ (3 wt %). The solvation cluster was computed by molecular dynamics simulations, suggesting that chloroform slightly reduces the dihedral angle between the two sides of the thiocarbazone chain. Nanocellulose concentrations over 0.2 wt % sufficed to obtain macroscopically homogeneous mixtures with no phase separation. Furthermore, the rate of degradation of DTZ in the nanocellulose-stabilized emulsion did not differ significantly from a DTZ/chloroform solution, outperforming DTZ/toluene and DTZ/acetonitrile. Not only is the emulsion readily and immediately responsive to mercury(II), but it also decreases interferences from other ions and from natural samples. Unexpectedly, neither lead(II) nor cadmium(II) triggered a visual response at trace concentrations. The limit of detection of these emulsions is 15 μM or 3 mg/L, exceeding WHO limits for mercury(II) in drinking water, but they could be effective at raising alarms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto J. Aguado
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - André Mazega
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Fiol
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Pere Mutjé
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Delgado-Aguilar
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS
Research Group, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany,
61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
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6
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhang L. Capsulation of red emission chromophore into the CoZn ZIF as nanozymes for on-site visual cascade detection of phosphate ions, o-phenylenediamine, and benzaldehyde. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159091. [PMID: 36191718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Accurate on-site profiling of the pollutants is of vital significance for estimating environmental pollution. Herein, we propose a paper-based fluorescence-sensing system to precisely report the level of multiple pollutants. A high-performance fluorescence-sensor for apparatus-free and visual on-site tandem precisely reporting phosphate ions (Pi), o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and benzaldehyde (BA) levels have been fabricated successfully by introducing synthesized red emission (>600 nm) fluorescent chromophore 10-(diethylamino)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrobenzo [c]xanthen-12-ium (HTD) into the environment of CoZn zeolitic imidazolate framework (CoZn ZIF) by a simple stirring method. CoZn ZIF@HTD with the bimetallic nodes not merely provided main Zn2+ sites for specific recognition of Pi to generate an enhanced red fluorescent optical signal, Co3+/Co2+ exhibited excellent peroxidase-like activity for the catalytic oxidation of OPD substrate in the presence of H2O2 resulting in color changing from red to yellow. Subsequently, the obvious yellow fading of the OPDox species took place with the addition of BA. By virtue of the sensitively visual tandem detection of Pi, OPD, and BA, the sensor can be applied to real wastewater samples. Meanwhile, this fluorescent sensor was further adopted for practical application in confocal cell imaging and security inks. Overall, this work established a fluorescent sensing system with integrated multifunctional applications for environmental and biological samples, implying the great potential for simultaneous real-time cascade detection of various important pollutants with the merit of low-cost, time-saving, and easy-to-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Yang M, Chen D, Hu J, Zheng X, Lin ZJ, Zhu H. The application of coffee-ring effect in analytical chemistry. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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8
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Grazioli C, Dossi N, Cesaro F, Svigelj R, Toniolo R, Bontempelli G. A 3D printed Do-It-Yourself miniaturized device with a sensor responsive at six different wavelengths for reflectance measurements on paper-based supports. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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9
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Andrade LM, Romanholo PV, Carolina A. Ananias A, Venancio KP, Silva-Neto HA, Coltro WK, Sgobbi LF. Pocket test for instantaneous quantification of starch adulterant in milk using a counterfeit banknote detection pen. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Wu Y, Bakker E. Self-Powered Signal Transduction of Ion-Selective Electrodes to an Electronic Paper Display. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3201-3207. [PMID: 36251606 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mobile integrated electrochemical sensors normally require a power supply for operation. Unfortunately, the practice of discarding batteries associated with these devices runs counter to our desire for a sustainable world. Self-powered sensing concepts that draw the energy directly from the measurement itself would overcome this limitation. Potentiometric sensors for the measurement of pH, many electrolytes, and gases are ubiquitous in analytical practice. However, in potentiometry, the voltage is acquired in the absence of current flow, making it seemingly impossible to draw power. Fortunately, it has been recently established that transient currents may be tolerated across potentiometric measurement cells to charge a capacitive or electrochromic element such as Prussian blue integrated in the measurement cell and whose absorbance then directly follows the potential changes in a reversible manner. We have shown here that commercial electronic paper (e-paper), widely used to make electronic ink and ebook readers, can directly be driven by a potentiometric measurement cell in a reversible manner at mild potentials of >100 mV typical for such sensors. The capacitance of the e-paper pixel studied here was found to be 0.53 μF mm-2, 30 times smaller than that of Prussian blue films. The colorimetric absorbance of the e-paper was also more stable (observed drift over 2 h corresponding to 0.76 mV h-1) and reproducible (corresponding to 1 mV standard deviation). The e-paper pixel was directly driven by a polymeric pH electrode as a model system. Choosing a basic inner solution (pH 12.9) behind the membrane gave sufficiently positive cell potentials for driving visible absorbance change in a sample pH range of 4-10, while a more acidic pH of 3.4 and alternating the connections to the e-paper were more suited for more basic samples of pH > 10. This convenient and cost-effective approach makes it possible to directly drive an optical display from the potentiometric measurement itself and should be suitable for moderate sensing membrane resistances of less than about 100 kΩ, depending on the area of the chosen pixel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaotian Wu
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Current Trends and Challenges in Point-of-care Urinalysis of Biomarkers in Trace Amounts. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Li J, Yuan W, Luo SXL, Bezdek MJ, Peraire-Bueno A, Swager TM. Wireless Lateral Flow Device for Biosensing. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15786-15792. [PMID: 35976081 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many biosensing methods rely on signals produced by enzyme-catalyzed reactions and efficient methods to detect and record this activity. Herein, we report a wireless lateral flow device and demonstrate the conversion of oxidase reactions to changes in the resonance of radio frequency identification (RFID) circuits. The detection is triggered by polyoxometalate-catalyzed oxidative doping of polypyrrole (pPy) when exposed to oxidase-generated H2O2. We have integrated this transduction and RFID capability into a lateral flow device to create a low-cost, rapid, and portable method for quantitative biological signal detection. We further report a new method for creating functional coatings from pPy core-shell colloidal particles bioconjugated for streptavidin-biotin recognition with glucose oxidase or pyruvate oxidase. The biofunctionalized pPy particles coalesce on the nitrocellulose membrane to produce a chemiresistive band. Glucose or pyruvate solutions result in formation of H2O2 at the pPy bands, functionalized with the respective oxidase, to produce conductivity enhancements exceeding 7·105%. Placing the pPy band in the RFID circuit converts the resistivity response to a change of RF resonance. The enzymatic response of glucose oxidase is recorded within 30 min with as low as 0.6 mM of glucose using this lateral flow device. Pyruvate is also shown to produce large responses. The oxidase enzymes/pPy transduction establishes a resistivity-based platform for the construction of a new family of lateral flow devices capable of detecting and quantifying biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Weize Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shao-Xiong Lennon Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Máté J Bezdek
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander Peraire-Bueno
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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13
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Wu Y, Bakker E. Direct Energy Transfer from a pH Glass Electrode to a Liquid Crystal Display. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10408-10414. [PMID: 35818788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Self-powered sensors are attractive because the lack of a dedicated battery makes them environmentally friendly and allows them to be more easily miniaturized. Unfortunately, the development of self-powered potentiometric sensors is challenging because only very limited energy can be harvested from this measurement principle. For the first time, the potential of a high impedance glass pH electrode (130 M Ω) is shown here to be directly read out optically. This is accomplished by a liquid crystal display (LCD) as the electrochromic transducer, which changes its transmission upon imposing an external voltage in the range of 2-3 V. Importantly, owing to its low capacitance of about 50 pF, this process requires a very small transient charge on the order of 100 pC, which may be spontaneously imposable even across pH glass electrodes. For the LCD to be turned on, the cell voltage is boosted by additional Zn2+/Zn elements placed in series. The LCD is found to give a time-dependent absorbance decrease, which is mitigated by adding a high resistance element to attenuate the associated decay. The approach gives repeatable LCD absorbance values that allows one to directly visualize pH with a precision of about 0.01 pH units. The absorbance value depends inversely on pH in a much wider range (pH 1-13) than what is normally observed with optical sensors while based on the same underlying measurement as a potentiometric pH probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaotian Wu
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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14
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Park JH, Park EK, Cho YK, Shin IS, Lee H. Normalizing the Optical Signal Enables Robust Assays with Lateral Flow Biosensors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17723-17731. [PMID: 35664567 PMCID: PMC9161384 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are widely adopted for fast, on-site molecular diagnostics. Obtaining high-precision assay results, however, remains challenging and often requires a dedicated optical setup to control the imaging environment. Here, we describe quick light normalization exam (qLiNE) that transforms ubiquitous smartphones into a robust LFA reader. qLiNE used a reference card, printed with geometric patterns and color standards, for real-time optical calibration: a photo of an LFA test strip was taken along with the card, and the image was processed using a smartphone app to correct shape distortion, illumination brightness, and color imbalances. This approach yielded consistent optical signal, enabling quantitative molecular analyses under different illumination conditions. We adapted qLiNE to detect cortisol, a known stress hormone, in saliva samples at point-of-use settings. The assay was fast (15 min) and sensitive (detection limit, 0.16 ng/mL). The serial qLiNE assay detected diurnal cycles of cortisol levels as well as stress-induced cortisol increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Park
- Center
for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Eung-Kyu Park
- QSTAG
CO., LTD., 165 Convencia-daero,
Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21998, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwan Cho
- Center
for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Ik-Soo Shin
- QSTAG
CO., LTD., 165 Convencia-daero,
Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21998, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center
for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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15
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Aguado R, Santos ARMG, Vallejos S, Valente AJM. Paper-Based Probes with Visual Response to Vapors from Nitroaromatic Explosives: Polyfluorenes and Tertiary Amines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092900. [PMID: 35566254 PMCID: PMC9101589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is well-known that nitroaromatic compounds quench the fluorescence of different conjugated polymers and form colored Meisenheimer complexes with proper nucleophiles, the potential of paper as a substrate for those macromolecules can be further developed. This work undertakes this task, impregnating paper strips with a fluorene-phenylene copolymer with quaternary ammonium groups, a bisfluorene-based cationic polyelectrolyte, and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (polyDMAEMA). Cationic groups make the aforementioned polyfluorenes attachable to paper, whose surface possesses a slightly negative charge and avoid interference from cationic quenchers. While conjugated polymers had their fluorescence quenched with nitroaromatic vapors in a non-selective way, polyDMAEMA-coated papers had a visual response that was selective to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and that could be easily identified, and even quantified, under natural light. Far from implying that polyfluorenes should be ruled out, it must be taken into account that TNT-filled mines emit vapors from 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and dinitrobenzene isomers, which are more volatile than TNT itself. Atmospheres with only 790 ppbv TNT or 277 ppbv DNT were enough to trigger a distinguishable response, although the requirement for certain exposure times is an important limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Aguado
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.R.M.G.S.); (S.V.)
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - A. Rita M. G. Santos
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.R.M.G.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Saúl Vallejos
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.R.M.G.S.); (S.V.)
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Artur J. M. Valente
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.R.M.G.S.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Tan W, Zhang L, Jarujamrus P, C G Doery J, Shen W. Improvement Strategies on Colorimetric Performance and Practical Applications of Paper-based Analytical Devices. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Zheng Y, Li Y, Fan L, Yao H, Zhang Z. An amphiprotic paper-based electrode for glucose detection based on layered carbon nanotubes with silver and polystyrene particles. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1268-1278. [PMID: 35274112 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a flexible amphiprotic amino-bonded carbon nanotube-Ag nanoparticle/polystyrene (CNT-NH2-Ag/PS) paper electrode was fabricated to measure glucose in human body fluids by a combination of vacuum filtration and high temperature baking. The front side of the fabricated paper electrode was hydrophobic and conductive, whereas its back side was hydrophilic and nonconductive. In the fabrication process, the coating sequence of CNT-NH2, Ag and PS was critical to determine the performance of the resulting CNT-NH2-Ag/PS electrode besides other parameters (e.g., amount of soluble starch, PS and Ag nanoparticles, type and amount of CNT-NH2, and electrode sensing area). Based on a series of experimental observations, the possible mechanism of glucose detection on the paper electrode was proposed, in which glucose was more favorable to migrate to the hydrophilic back side of the paper and interact with the active species (e.g., O2-) on the electrode surface. The electrochemical results showed that the CNT-NH2-Ag/PS paper electrode maintained stable electrochemical properties even after five cycles of use and 60 days of storage in air. The amphiprotic paper electrode demonstrated excellent sensing performance for glucose with a linear range of 1 μM to 1000 μM, a low detection limit of 0.2 μM, and a sensitivity of 31 333.0 μA mM-1 cm-2. The fabricated paper electrode was also successfully applied to detect different levels of glucose in complex human body fluids such as saliva, urine, and serum. These features make this type of paper electrode promising for glucose measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Libin Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Hedan Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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18
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Kishnani V, Park S, Nakate UT, Mondal K, Gupta A. Nano-functionalized paper-based IoT enabled devices for point-of-care testing: a review. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 24:2. [PMID: 34792679 PMCID: PMC8600500 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the microfluidics phenomenon coupled with the Internet of Things (IoT) using innovative nano-functional materials has been recognized as a sustainable and economical tool for point-of-care testing (POCT) of various pathogens influencing human health. The sensors based on these phenomena aim to be designed for cost-effectiveness, make it handy, environment-friendly, and get an accurate, easy, and rapid response. Considering the burgeoning importance of analytical devices in the healthcare domain, this review paper is based on the gist of sensing aspects of the microfabricated paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). The article discusses the various used design methodologies and fabrication approaches and elucidates the recently reported surface modification strategies, detection mechanisms viz., colorimetric, electrochemical, fluorescence, electrochemiluminescence, etc. In a nutshell, this article summarizes the state-of-the-art research work carried out over the nano functionalized paper-based analytical devices and associated challenges/solutions in the point of care testing domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kishnani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur-342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sungjune Park
- Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Umesh T Nakate
- Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur-342037, Rajasthan, India.
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19
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Faura G, Grazioli C, Dossi N, Svigelj R, Toniolo R, Bontempelli G. Transmittance measurements on paper soaked with deep eutectic solvents. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Chen J, Chen X, Wang P, Liu S, Chi Z. Aggregation-induced emission luminogen@manganese dioxide core-shell nanomaterial-based paper analytical device for equipment-free and visual detection of organophosphorus pesticide. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125306. [PMID: 33588332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticide (OP) residues have gathered considerable attention because of their significant threat to society development and healthy life. Developing a sensitive and practical OPs sensor is highly urgent, whereas remains a huge challenge. To this end, we fabricated a high-performance fluorescence paper analytical device (PAD) for apparatus-free and visual sensing of OPs based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen's bright emission in aggregated state, unique response of MnO2 to thiol compounds, and difference of MnO2 and Mn2+ in quenching fluorescence. AIE nanoparticles PTDNPs-0.10 and MnO2 respectively acted as core and shell to prepare PTDNPs@MnO2, which possessed high stability and were dripped on cellulose paper's surface to fabricate AIE-PAD. The sensing mechanism is that OPs-treated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) prevents the formation of thiocholine, thereby minimizing the reduction of MnO2 into Mn2+ and changing the output signal. As a result, equipment-free and visual sensing of OPs was acquired with limit of detection of 1.60 ng/mL. This work justifies the feasibility of applying core-shell material to develop high-performance sensor and substituting complex/expensive solution-phase sensor with PAD, providing a new avenue to bring OPs analysis out of the lab and into the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Chen
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High Performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High Performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Po Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Siwei Liu
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High Performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High Performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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21
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Sasaki Y, Lyu X, Zhou Q, Minami T. Indicator Displacement Assay-based Chemosensor Arrays for Saccharides using Off-the-shelf Materials toward Simultaneous On-site Detection on Paper. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Xiaojun Lyu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Qi Zhou
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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22
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Soda Y, Bakker E. Colorimetric ratiometry with ion optodes for spatially resolved concentration analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1154:338225. [PMID: 33736816 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The deprotonation degree of the lipophilic pH indicator dye (chromoionophore) in ionophore-based ion optodes (so-called bulk optodes) has traditionally been measured spectrophotometrically. This makes it difficult to obtain spatially resolved concentration information, for example in the study of heterogenous systems. This article reports on a new colorimetric method that relies on a ratiometric image analysis. The acquision of image data allows one to map the deprotonation degree in two dimensions, which in turn is used to obtain the spatially-resolved ion concentration of the image. Using the detection of potassium as an example, the deprotonation degree data calculated on the basis of image analysis correlate quantitatively with those from spectrophotometry. They showed no dependence on the type of camera used in spite of their different gamma correction values and spectral sensitivities, as expected from theory. As an example, the method is successfully applied to the pixel level analysis of an ensemble of pictures acquired at different times to spatially and temporally observe potassium ion diffusion into an agarose gel containing a potassium-selective optical sensor microemulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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23
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Zhang Z, Hamedpour V, Lyu X, Sasaki Y, Minami T. A Printed Paper-Based Anion Sensor Array for Multi-Analyte Classification: On-Site Quantification of Glyphosate. Chempluschem 2021; 86:798-802. [PMID: 33788401 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a paper-based chemosensor array device (PCSAD) for the quantitative detection of oxyanions including the herbicide glyphosate (GlyP) in aqueous media. The mechanism of the oxyanion detection relies on a coordination-binding-based sensor array. In this study, the competitive coordination binding among Zn2+ , four catechol dyes, and seven oxyanions caused noticeable colour changes. The colour changes were employed for qualitative and quantitative analyses using an in-house automated image-processing algorithm with pattern recognition for digital images. A linear discrimination analysis discerned similarly structured oxyanions with 100 % accuracy. The regression analysis allowed the accurate quantification of GlyP in the herbicide products with a limit of detection of 16 mg/L, which is lower than the health advisory value for children (20 mg/L) stipulated by the environmental protection agency (EPA). PCSAD is a powerful sensor device for the on-site quantification of aqueous anions for environmental assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujie Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vahid Hamedpour
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaojun Lyu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, 153-8505, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Su A, Grist SM, Geldert A, Gopal A, Herr AE. Quantitative UV-C dose validation with photochromic indicators for informed N95 emergency decontamination. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243554. [PMID: 33406084 PMCID: PMC7787392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With COVID-19 N95 shortages, frontline medical personnel are forced to reuse this disposable-but sophisticated-multilayer respirator. Widely used to decontaminate nonporous surfaces, UV-C light has demonstrated germicidal efficacy on porous, non-planar N95 respirators when all surfaces receive ≥1.0 J/cm2 dose. Of utmost importance across disciplines, translation of empirical evidence to implementation relies upon UV-C measurements frequently confounded by radiometer complexities. To enable rigorous on-respirator measurements, we introduce a photochromic indicator dose quantification technique for: (1) UV-C treatment design and (2) in-process UV-C dose validation. While addressing outstanding indicator limitations of qualitative readout and insufficient dynamic range, our methodology establishes that color-changing dosimetry can achieve the necessary accuracy (>90%), uncertainty (<10%), and UV-C specificity (>95%) required for UV-C dose measurements. In a measurement infeasible with radiometers, we observe a striking ~20× dose variation over N95s within one decontamination system. Furthermore, we adapt consumer electronics for accessible quantitative readout and use optical attenuators to extend indicator dynamic range >10× to quantify doses relevant for N95 decontamination. By transforming photochromic indicators into quantitative dosimeters, we illuminate critical considerations for both photochromic indicators themselves and UV-C decontamination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Su
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- University of California, Berkeley–University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- N95DECON.org
| | - Samantha M. Grist
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- N95DECON.org
| | - Alisha Geldert
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- University of California, Berkeley–University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- N95DECON.org
| | - Anjali Gopal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- University of California, Berkeley–University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- N95DECON.org
| | - Amy E. Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- University of California, Berkeley–University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- N95DECON.org
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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25
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Lyu X, Hamedpour V, Sasaki Y, Zhang Z, Minami T. 96-Well Microtiter Plate Made of Paper: A Printed Chemosensor Array for Quantitative Detection of Saccharides. Anal Chem 2020; 93:1179-1184. [PMID: 33320543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple, rapid, and accurate detection methods for saccharides are potentially applicable to various fields such as clinical and food chemistry. However, the practical applications of on-site analytical methods are still limited. To this end, herein, we propose a 96-well microtiter plate made of paper as a paper-based chemosensor array device (PCSAD) for the simultaneous classification of 12 saccharides and the quantification of fructose and glucose among 12 saccharides. The mechanism of the saccharide detection relied on an indicator displacement assay (IDA) on the PCSAD using four types of catechol dyes, 3-nitrophenylboronic acid, and the saccharides. The design of the PCSAD and the experimental conditions for the IDA were optimized using a central composite design. The chemosensors exhibited clear color changes upon the addition of saccharides on the paper because of the competitive boronate esterification. The color changes were employed for the subsequent qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative analyses using an automated algorithm combined with pattern recognition for digital images. A qualitative linear discrimination analysis offered discrimination of 12 saccharides with a 100% classification rate. The semiquantitative analysis of fructose in the presence of glucose was carried out from the viewpoint of food analysis utilizing a support vector machine, resulting in clear discrimination of the various concentrations of fructose. Most importantly, the quantitative detection of fructose in two types of commercial soft drinks was also successfully carried out without sample pretreatments. Thus, the proposed PCSAD can be a powerful method for on-site food analyses that can meet the increasing demand from consumers for sensors of saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Lyu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Vahid Hamedpour
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Zhoujie Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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26
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Teprek A, Poetri Artono V, Waiyawat W, Limsakul A, Shiowatana J, Siripinyanond A. Semi-quantitative analysis by spot counting on origami paper-based device for endpoint detection in titrimetric analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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