1
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Chen K, Dores-Sousa JL, Fontana A, Grosanu C, McAllister HM, Bai G, Bartkowiak K, Cañellas S, Corens D, De Groot A, Nevarez J, Serrano M, Raeymaekers K, Rodriguez R, Van Eynde L, Zhou R, Shi Z. Automated high-throughput RP-HPLC-MS and SFC-MS analytical and purification platforms to support drug discovery. J Chromatogr A 2025; 1742:465648. [PMID: 39793447 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
In recent years, the need to accelerate drug discovery processes in the pharmaceutical industry has revived the interest of implementing automated workflows, allowing the simultaneous processing of multiple samples on global processes that are referred as High-Throughput Purification (HTP). In this work, SAPIO Laboratory Information Management System (SAPIO LIMSSM) has been customized at the HTP laboratories of Janssen R&D to accommodate the needs of global purification groups on several automated HTP workflows, integrating Analytical Studio™ data processing tool on multiple steps. Herein we describe the workflow details from crude analysis via RP-LC-MS or SFC-MS systems to sample redissolution and delivery to Compound Logistics (CL) in tubes ready for assay plate preparation. This includes robotic platforms to streamline sample handling and automation tools to facilitate chromatographic and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses. The combination of Analytical StudioTM and the SAPIO LIMSSM has increased the productivity of Janssen HTP teams since 2020, having a big impact on reducing the Design-Make-Test-Analyze (DMTA) cycles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a complete HTP workflow with a LIMS is being reported, including RP-HPLC and/or SFC, High-Throughput Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HT-NMR), redissolution and submission as DMSO solutions of registered compounds to CL, ready for biological assay distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanchang Chen
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 1400 McKean Rd. Spring House PA 19477, USA.
| | - José Luís Dores-Sousa
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Alberto Fontana
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Johnson & Johnson company, C/Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain.
| | - Cristina Grosanu
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 1400 McKean Rd. Spring House PA 19477, USA
| | - Heather M McAllister
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Guoyun Bai
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Karolina Bartkowiak
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Santiago Cañellas
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Johnson & Johnson company, C/Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - David Corens
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Alex De Groot
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Juan Nevarez
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Marta Serrano
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Johnson & Johnson company, C/Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - Kristien Raeymaekers
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Raquel Rodriguez
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Johnson & Johnson company, C/Jarama 75A, Toledo E-45007, Spain
| | - Lars Van Eynde
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Johnson & Johnson company, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse B-2340, Belgium
| | - Ronghui Zhou
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 1400 McKean Rd. Spring House PA 19477, USA
| | - Zhicai Shi
- Chemistry Capabilities, Analytical & Purification, Global Discovery Chemistry. Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson company, 1400 McKean Rd. Spring House PA 19477, USA
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2
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Bellenger J, Koos MRM, Avery M, Bundesmann M, Ciszewski G, Khunte B, Leverett C, Ostner G, Ryder TF, Farley KA. An Automated Purification Workflow Coupled with Material-Sparing High-Throughput 1H NMR for Parallel Medicinal Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:1635-1644. [PMID: 39291006 PMCID: PMC11403749 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In medicinal chemistry, purification and characterization of organic compounds is an ever-growing challenge, with an increasing number of compounds being synthesized at a decreased scale of preparation. In response to this trend, we developed a parallel medicinal chemistry (PMC)-tailored platform, coupling automated purification to mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) on a range of synthetic scales (∼3.0-75.0 μmol). Here, the generation and acquisition of 1.7 mm NMR samples is fully integrated into a high-throughput automated workflow, processing 36 000 compounds yearly. Utilizing dead volume, which is inaccessible in conventional liquid handling, NMR samples are generated on as little as 10 μg without consuming material prioritized for biological assays. As miniaturized PMC synthesis becomes the industry standard, we can now obtain quality NMR spectra from limited material. Paired with automated structure verification, this platform has the potential to allow NMR to become as important for high-throughput analysis as ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Bellenger
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Martin R M Koos
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Melissa Avery
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mark Bundesmann
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gregory Ciszewski
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Bhagyashree Khunte
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Carolyn Leverett
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gregory Ostner
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Tim F Ryder
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kathleen A Farley
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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3
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Wang J, Yen R, Beck AG, Aggarwal P, Kong M, Hayes M, Jabri S, Greshock TJ, Hettiarachchi K. Predictions of Chromatography Methods by Chemical Structure Similarity to Accelerate High-Throughput Medicinal Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:1396-1401. [PMID: 39140053 PMCID: PMC11318006 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new workflow that relies heavily on chemical quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) models to accelerate method development for micro/mini-scale high-throughput purification (HTP). This provides faster access to new active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) through high-throughput experimentation (HTE). By comparing fingerprint structural similarity (e.g., Tanimoto index) with small training data sets containing a few hundred diverse small molecule antagonists of a lipid metabolizing enzyme, we can predict retention time (RT) of new compounds. Machine learning (ML) helps to identify optimal separation conditions for purification without performing the traditional crude QC step involving ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses of each compound. This green-chemistry approach with the use of predictive tools reduces cost and significantly shortens the design-make-test (DMT) cycle of new drugs by way of HTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rose Yen
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Armen G. Beck
- Analytical
Research & Development, Merck &
Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln
Ave., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Analytical
Research & Development, Merck &
Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln
Ave., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - May Kong
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Michael Hayes
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Salman Jabri
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Thomas J. Greshock
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kanaka Hettiarachchi
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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4
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Nippa DF, Atz K, Müller AT, Wolfard J, Isert C, Binder M, Scheidegger O, Konrad DB, Grether U, Martin RE, Schneider G. Identifying opportunities for late-stage C-H alkylation with high-throughput experimentation and in silico reaction screening. Commun Chem 2023; 6:256. [PMID: 37985850 PMCID: PMC10661846 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the properties of advanced drug candidates is aided by the direct incorporation of specific chemical groups, avoiding the need to construct the entire compound from the ground up. Nevertheless, their chemical intricacy often poses challenges in predicting reactivity for C-H activation reactions and planning their synthesis. We adopted a reaction screening approach that combines high-throughput experimentation (HTE) at a nanomolar scale with computational graph neural networks (GNNs). This approach aims to identify suitable substrates for late-stage C-H alkylation using Minisci-type chemistry. GNNs were trained using experimentally generated reactions derived from in-house HTE and literature data. These trained models were then used to predict, in a forward-looking manner, the coupling of 3180 advanced heterocyclic building blocks with a diverse set of sp3-rich carboxylic acids. This predictive approach aimed to explore the substrate landscape for Minisci-type alkylations. Promising candidates were chosen, their production was scaled up, and they were subsequently isolated and characterized. This process led to the creation of 30 novel, functionally modified molecules that hold potential for further refinement. These results positively advocate the application of HTE-based machine learning to virtual reaction screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Nippa
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kenneth Atz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alex T Müller
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Wolfard
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Isert
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Binder
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Scheidegger
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David B Konrad
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Uwe Grether
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Rainer E Martin
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Jones M, Goodyear RL. High-Throughput Purification in Drug Discovery: Scaling New Heights of Productivity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:916-919. [PMID: 37465307 PMCID: PMC10351054 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the "low hanging fruit" of early drug discovery gone, pharmaceutical companies are increasingly turning to developing high-throughput synthetic platforms capable of greatly shortening the design-make-test cycle of new drugs. Purification has long been considered the bottleneck of this procedure; however, new technologies and systems are now being integrated into these high-throughput synthetic workflows, providing compounds of high purity capable of being used directly in biological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jones
- Liverpool ChiroChem Ltd, The Heath Business & Technical
Park, Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 4QX, U.K.
| | - Ross L. Goodyear
- Liverpool ChiroChem Ltd, The Heath Business & Technical
Park, Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 4QX, U.K.
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6
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Jacinto C, Maza Mejía I, Khan S, López R, Sotomayor MDPT, Picasso G. Using a Smartphone-Based Colorimetric Device with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Quantification of Tartrazine in Soda Drinks. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:639. [PMID: 37367004 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the development and application of a rapid, low-cost in-situ method for the quantification of tartrazine in carbonated beverages using a smartphone-based colorimetric device with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). The MIP was synthesized using the free radical precipitation method with acrylamide (AC) as the functional monomer, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as the cross linker, and potassium persulfate (KPS) as radical initiator. The smartphone (RadesPhone)-operated rapid analysis device proposed in this study has dimensions of 10 × 10 × 15 cm and is illuminated internally by light emitting diode (LED) lights with intensity of 170 lux. The analytical methodology involved the use of a smartphone camera to capture images of MIP at various tartrazine concentrations, and the subsequent application of the Image-J software to calculate the red, green, blue (RGB) color values and hue, saturation, value (HSV) values from these images. A multivariate calibration analysis of tartrazine in the range of 0 to 30 mg/L was performed, and the optimum working range was determined to be 0 to 20 mg/L using five principal components and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 mg/L was obtained. Repeatability analysis of tartrazine solutions with concentrations of 4, 8, and 15 mg/L (n = 10) showed a coefficient of variation (% RSD) of less than 6%. The proposed technique was applied to the analysis of five Peruvian soda drinks and the results were compared with the UHPLC reference method. The proposed technique showed a relative error between 6% and 16% and % RSD lower than 6.3%. The results of this study demonstrate that the smartphone-based device is a suitable analytical tool that offers an on-site, cost-effective, and rapid alternative for the quantification of tartrazine in soda drinks. This color analysis device can be used in other molecularly imprinted polymer systems and offers a wide range of possibilities for the detection and quantification of compounds in various industrial and environmental matrices that generate a color change in the MIP matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jacinto
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis Environment, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
- Technology of Materials for Environmental Remediation Group (TecMARA), Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
| | - Ily Maza Mejía
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis Environment, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
- Technology of Materials for Environmental Remediation Group (TecMARA), Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
| | - Sabir Khan
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis Environment, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
- Technology of Materials for Environmental Remediation Group (TecMARA), Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
- Chemistry Institute-Araraquara-SP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-900, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Statistics, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoro 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Rosario López
- Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis Environment, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
- Technology of Materials for Environmental Remediation Group (TecMARA), Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
| | - Maria D P T Sotomayor
- Chemistry Institute-Araraquara-SP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-900, Brazil
| | - Gino Picasso
- Technology of Materials for Environmental Remediation Group (TecMARA), Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Rimac 15333, Lima, Peru
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7
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Wiedmann JJ, Demirdögen YN, Schmidt S, Kuzina MA, Wu Y, Wang F, Nestler B, Hopf C, Levkin PA. Nanoliter Scale Parallel Liquid-Liquid Extraction for High-Throughput Purification on a Droplet Microarray. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204512. [PMID: 36538723 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the current drug discovery process, the synthesis of compound libraries is separated from biological screenings both conceptually and technologically. One of the reasons is that parallel on-chip high-throughput purification of synthesized compounds is still a major challenge. Here, on-chip miniaturized high-throughput liquid-liquid extraction in volumes down to 150 nL with efficiency comparable to or better than large-scale extraction utilizing separation funnels is demonstrated. The method is based on automated and programmable merging of arrays of aqueous nanoliter droplets with organic droplets. Multi-step extraction performed simultaneously or with changing conditions as well as handling of femtomoles of compounds are demonstrated. In addition, the extraction efficiency is analyzed with a fast optical readout as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry on-chip detection. The new massively parallel and miniaturized purification method adds another important tool to the chemBIOS concept combining chemical combinatorial synthesis with biological screenings on the same miniaturized droplet microarray platform, which will be essential to accelerate drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne J Wiedmann
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Yelda N Demirdögen
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmidt
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mariia A Kuzina
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Yanchen Wu
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fei Wang
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Britta Nestler
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Theodor Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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8
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Gao L, Shaabani S, Reyes Romero A, Xu R, Ahmadianmoghaddam M, Dömling A. 'Chemistry at the speed of sound': automated 1536-well nanoscale synthesis of 16 scaffolds in parallel. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2023; 25:1380-1394. [PMID: 36824604 PMCID: PMC9940305 DOI: 10.1039/d2gc04312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Screening of large and diverse libraries is the 'bread and butter' in the first phase of the discovery of novel drugs. However, maintenance and periodic renewal of high-quality large compound collections pose considerable logistic, environmental and monetary problems. Here, we exercise an alternative, the 'on-the-fly' synthesis of large and diverse libraries on a nanoscale in a highly automated fashion. For the first time, we show the feasibility of the synthesis of a large library based on 16 different chemistries in parallel on several 384-well plates using the acoustic dispensing ejection (ADE) technology platform. In contrast to combinatorial chemistry, we produced 16 scaffolds at the same time and in a sparse matrix fashion, and each compound was produced by a random combination of diverse large building blocks. The synthesis, analytics, resynthesis of selected compounds, and chemoinformatic analysis of the library are described. The advantages of the herein described automated nanoscale synthesis approach include great library diversity, absence of library storage logistics, superior economics, speed of synthesis by automation, increased safety, and hence sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Shabnam Shaabani
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Atilio Reyes Romero
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ruixue Xu
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander Dömling
- CATRIN, Department of Innovative Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
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9
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Ginsburg-Moraff C, Grob J, Chin K, Eastman G, Wildhaber S, Bayliss M, Mues HM, Palmieri M, Poirier J, Reck M, Luneau A, Rodde S, Reilly J, Wagner T, Brocklehurst CE, Wyler R, Dunstan D, Marziale AN. Integrated and automated high-throughput purification of libraries on microscale. SLAS Technol 2022; 27:350-360. [PMID: 36028206 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the development of an automation platform for rapid purification and quantification of chemical libraries including reformatting of chemical matter to 10 mM DMSO stock solutions. This fully integrated workflow features tailored conditions for preparative reversed-phase (RP) HPLC-MS on microscale based on analytical data, online fraction QC and CAD-based quantification as well as automated reformatting to enable rapid purification of chemical libraries. This automated workflow is entirely solution-based, eliminating the need to weigh or handle solids. This increases process efficiency and creates a link between high-throughput synthesis and profiling of novel chemical matter with respect to biological and physicochemical properties in relevant assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ginsburg-Moraff
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Jonathan Grob
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Karl Chin
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Grant Eastman
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sandra Wildhaber
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | | | - Heinrich M Mues
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Marco Palmieri
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Poirier
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Marcel Reck
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Luneau
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Stephane Rodde
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - John Reilly
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Trixie Wagner
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Cara E Brocklehurst
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - René Wyler
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - David Dunstan
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Alexander N Marziale
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG., Fabrikstrasse 1, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
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Hettiarachchi K, Streckfuss E, Sanzone JR, Wang J, Hayes M, Kong M, Greshock TJ. Microscale Purification with Direct Charged Aerosol Detector Quantitation Using Selective Online One- or Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8309-8316. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanaka Hettiarachchi
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eric Streckfuss
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Jillian R. Sanzone
- External Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Michael Hayes
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - May Kong
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Thomas J. Greshock
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 213. E. Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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