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Ghorbani R, Rasouli M, Sefat F, Heidari Keshel S. Pathogenesis of Common Ocular Diseases: Emerging Trends in Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. Semin Ophthalmol 2024; 39:27-39. [PMID: 37424085 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2233601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of visual impairments in human societies is worrying due to retinopathy complications of several chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and many more that are on the rise worldwide. Since the proper function of this organ plays a pivotal role in people's quality of life, identifying factors affecting the development/exacerbation of ocular diseases is of particular interest among ophthalmology researchers. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a reticular, three-dimensional (3D) structure that determines the shape and dimensions of tissues in the body. The ECM remodeling/hemostasis is a critical process in both physiological and pathological conditions. It consists of ECM deposition, degradation, and decrease/increase in the ECM components. However, disregulation of this process and an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of ECM components are associated with many pathological situations, including ocular disorders. Despite the impact of ECM alterations on the development of ocular diseases, there is not much research conducted in this regard. Therefore, a better understanding in this regard, can pave the way toward discovering plausible strategies to either prevent or treat eye disorders. In this review, we will discuss the importance of ECM changes as a sentimental factor in various ocular diseases based on the research done up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Ghorbani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rasouli
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Sefat
- Department of Biomedical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Polymer Science & Technology (Polymer IRC), University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Saeed Heidari Keshel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Tan K, Jäger C, Geissler S, Schlenzig D, Buchholz M, Ramsbeck D. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyrazole-based inhibitors of meprin α and β. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2165648. [PMID: 36661029 PMCID: PMC9870012 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2165648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting metalloproteinases has been in the focus of drug design for a long time. However, meprin α and β emerged as potential drug targets just recently and are linked to several diseases with different pathological background. Nevertheless, the validation of meprins as suitable drug targets still requires highly potent and selective inhibitors as chemical probes to elucidate their role in pathophysiology. Albeit highly selective inhibitors of meprin β have already been reported, only inhibitors of meprin α with modest activity or selectivity are known. Starting from recently reported heteroaromatic scaffolds, the aim of this study was the optimisation of meprin α and/or meprin β inhibition while keeping the favourable off-target inhibition profile over other metalloproteases. We report potent pan-meprin inhibitors as well as highly active inhibitors of meprin α with superior selectivity over meprin β. The latter are suitable to serve as chemical probes and enable further target validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Tan
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Geissler
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dagmar Schlenzig
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Ramsbeck
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Halle (Saale), Germany,CONTACT Daniel Ramsbeck Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
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3
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Bülck C, Nyström EE, Koudelka T, Mannbar-Frahm M, Andresen G, Radhouani M, Tran F, Scharfenberg F, Schrell F, Armbrust F, Dahlke E, Zhao B, Vervaeke A, Theilig F, Rosenstiel P, Starkl P, Rosshart SP, Fickenscher H, Tholey A, Hansson GC, Becker-Pauly C. Proteolytic processing of galectin-3 by meprin metalloproteases is crucial for host-microbiome homeostasis. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf4055. [PMID: 37000885 PMCID: PMC10065446 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The metalloproteases meprin α and meprin β are highly expressed in the healthy gut but significantly decreased in inflammatory bowel disease, implicating a protective role in mucosal homeostasis. In the colon, meprin α and meprin β form covalently linked heterodimers tethering meprin α to the plasma membrane, therefore presenting dual proteolytic activity in a unique enzyme complex. To unravel its function, we applied N-terminomics and identified galectin-3 as the major intestinal substrate for meprin α/β heterodimers. Galectin-3-deficient and meprin α/β double knockout mice show similar alterations in their microbiome in comparison to wild-type mice. We further demonstrate that meprin α/β heterodimers differentially process galectin-3 upon bacterial infection, in germ-free, conventionally housed (specific pathogen-free), or wildling mice, which in turn regulates the bacterial agglutination properties of galectin-3. Thus, the constitutive cleavage of galectin-3 by meprin α/β heterodimers may play a key role in colon host-microbiome homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Bülck
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomas Koudelka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, 24188 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Mannbar-Frahm
- Institute of Infection Medicine, University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24015 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerrit Andresen
- Institute of Infection Medicine, University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24015 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mariem Radhouani
- Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Fred Armbrust
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eileen Dahlke
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bei Zhao
- Department of Microbiome Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Vervaeke
- Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Starkl
- Division of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan P. Rosshart
- Department of Microbiome Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fickenscher
- Institute of Infection Medicine, University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24015 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, 24188 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gunnar C. Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Pantoja BTDS, Carvalho RC, Miglino MA, Carreira ACO. The Canine Pancreatic Extracellular Matrix in Diabetes Mellitus and Pancreatitis: Its Essential Role and Therapeutic Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040684. [PMID: 36830471 PMCID: PMC9952199 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis are common pancreatic diseases in dogs, affecting the endocrine and exocrine portions of the organ. Dogs have a significant role in the history of research related to genetic diseases, being considered potential models for the study of human diseases. This review discusses the importance of using the extracellular matrix of the canine pancreas as a model for the study of diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis, in addition to focusing on the importance of using extracellular matrix in new regenerative techniques, such as decellularization and recellularization. Unlike humans, rabbits, mice, and pigs, there are no reports in the literature characterizing the healthy pancreatic extracellular matrix in dogs, in addition to the absence of studies related to matrix components that are involved in triggering diabetes melittus and pancreatitis. The extracellular matrix plays the role of physical support for the cells and allows the regulation of various cellular processes. In this context, it has already been demonstrated that physiologic and pathologic pancreatic changes lead to ECM remodeling, highlighting the importance of an in-depth study of the changes associated with pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Tássia dos Santos Pantoja
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Cardoso Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Maranhao, Chapadinha 65500-000, MA, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre 09280-550, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-11-983229615
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Werny L, Grogro A, Bickenbach K, Bülck C, Armbrust F, Koudelka T, Pathak K, Scharfenberg F, Sammel M, Sheikhouny F, Tholey A, Linder S, Becker-Pauly C. MT1-MMP and ADAM10/17 exhibit a remarkable overlap of shedding properties. FEBS J 2023; 290:93-111. [PMID: 35944080 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-type-I matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is one of six human membrane-bound MMPs and is responsible for extracellular matrix remodelling by degrading several substrates like fibrillar collagens, including types I-III, or fibronectin. Moreover, MT1-MMP was described as a key player in cancer progression and it is involved in various inflammatory processes, as well as in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The membrane-tethered metalloprotease meprin β as well as a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) and ADAM17 are also associated with these diseases. Interestingly, meprin β, ADAM10/17 and MT1-MMP also have a shared substrate pool including the interleukin-6 receptor and the amyloid precursor protein. We investigated the interaction of these proteases, focusing on a possible connection between MT1-MMP and meprin β, to elucidate the potential mutual regulations of both enzymes. Herein, we show that besides ADAM10/17, MT1-MMP is also able to shed meprin β from the plasma membrane, leading to the release of soluble meprin β. Mass spectrometry-based cleavage site analysis revealed that the cleavage of meprin β by all three proteases occurs between Pro602 and Ser603 , N-terminal of the EGF-like domain. Furthermore, only inactive human pro-meprin β is shed by MT1-MMP, which is again in accordance with the shedding capability observed for ADAM10/17. Vice versa, meprin β also appears to shed MT1-MMP, indicating a complex regulatory network. Further studies will elucidate this well-orchestrated proteolytic web under distinct conditions in health and disease and will possibly show whether the loss of one of the above-mentioned sheddases can be compensated by the other enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Werny
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Cynthia Bülck
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Fred Armbrust
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Tomas Koudelka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, AG Proteomics & Bioanalytics, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Kriti Pathak
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Martin Sammel
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Tholey
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, AG Proteomics & Bioanalytics, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Koba Y, Nakamoto M, Matsusaki M. Fabrication of a Polymeric Inhibitor of Proximal Metabolic Enzymes in Hypoxia for Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Proliferation, Survival, and Migration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:51790-51797. [PMID: 36375210 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since conventional molecular targeted drugs often result in side effects, the development of novel molecular targeted drugs with both high efficacy and selectivity is desired. Simultaneous inhibition of metabolically and spatiotemporally related proteins/enzymes is a promising strategy for improving therapeutic interventions in cancer treatment. Herein, we report a poly-α-l-glutamate-based polymer inhibitor that simultaneously targets proximal transmembrane enzymes under hypoxia, namely, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and zinc-dependent metalloproteinases. A polymer incorporating two types of inhibitors more effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer cells than a combination of two polymers functionalized exclusively with either inhibitor. Synergistic inhibition of cancer cells would occur owing to the hetero-multivalent interactions of the polymer with proximate enzymes on the cancer cell membrane. Our results highlight the potential of polymer-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Koba
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
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7
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Bayly-Jones C, Lupton CJ, Fritz C, Venugopal H, Ramsbeck D, Wermann M, Jäger C, de Marco A, Schilling S, Schlenzig D, Whisstock JC. Helical ultrastructure of the metalloprotease meprin α in complex with a small molecule inhibitor. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6178. [PMID: 36261433 PMCID: PMC9581967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc-dependent metalloprotease meprin α is predominantly expressed in the brush border membrane of proximal tubules in the kidney and enterocytes in the small intestine and colon. In normal tissue homeostasis meprin α performs key roles in inflammation, immunity, and extracellular matrix remodelling. Dysregulated meprin α is associated with acute kidney injury, sepsis, urinary tract infection, metastatic colorectal carcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease. Accordingly, meprin α is the target of drug discovery programs. In contrast to meprin β, meprin α is secreted into the extracellular space, whereupon it oligomerises to form giant assemblies and is the largest extracellular protease identified to date (~6 MDa). Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we determine the high-resolution structure of the zymogen and mature form of meprin α, as well as the structure of the active form in complex with a prototype small molecule inhibitor and human fetuin-B. Our data reveal that meprin α forms a giant, flexible, left-handed helical assembly of roughly 22 nm in diameter. We find that oligomerisation improves proteolytic and thermal stability but does not impact substrate specificity or enzymatic activity. Furthermore, structural comparison with meprin β reveal unique features of the active site of meprin α, and helical assembly more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Bayly-Jones
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Christopher J. Lupton
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Claudia Fritz
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department for Drug Design and Target Validation (IZI-MWT), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Halle, Germany
| | - Hariprasad Venugopal
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 VIC Australia
| | - Daniel Ramsbeck
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department for Drug Design and Target Validation (IZI-MWT), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Wermann
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department for Drug Design and Target Validation (IZI-MWT), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Alex de Marco
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Stephan Schilling
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department for Drug Design and Target Validation (IZI-MWT), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Halle, Germany ,grid.427932.90000 0001 0692 3664Hochschule Anhalt, University of Applied Sciences, Köthen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Schlenzig
- grid.418008.50000 0004 0494 3022Department for Drug Design and Target Validation (IZI-MWT), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Halle, Germany
| | - James C. Whisstock
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857EMBL Australia, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia ,grid.1001.00000 0001 2180 7477ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
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Kousalová J, Šírová M, Kostka L, Šubr V, Kovářová J, Běhalová K, Studenovský M, Kovář M, Etrych T. Metastatic spread inhibition of cancer cells through stimuli-sensitive HPMA copolymer-bound actinonin nanomedicines. Nanomedicine 2022; 44:102578. [PMID: 35779856 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kousalová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovského sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Šírová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kostka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovského sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Šubr
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovského sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Kovářová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Běhalová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Studenovský
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovského sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kovář
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovského sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic.
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9
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Rahn S, Becker-Pauly C. Meprin and ADAM proteases as triggers of systemic inflammation in sepsis. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:534-556. [PMID: 34762736 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory disorders (SIDs) comprise a broad range of diseases characterized by dysregulated excessive innate immune responses. Severe forms of SIDs can lead to organ failure and death, and their increasing incidence represents a major issue for the healthcare system. Protease-mediated ectodomain shedding of cytokines and their receptors represents a central mechanism in the regulation of inflammatory responses. The metalloprotease A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 is the best-characterized ectodomain sheddase capable of releasing TNF-α and soluble IL-6 receptor, which are decisive factors of systemic inflammation. Recently, meprin metalloproteases were also identified as IL-6 receptor sheddases and activators of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. In different mouse models of SID, particularly those mimicking a sepsis-like phenotype, ADAM17 and meprins have been found to promote disease progression. In this review, we summarize the role of ADAM10, ADAM17, and meprins in the onset and progression of sepsis and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Rahn
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany
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10
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Gellrich A, Scharfenberg F, Peters F, Sammel M, Helm O, Armbrust F, Schmidt F, Lokau J, Garbers C, Sebens S, Arnold P, Becker-Pauly C. Characterization of the Cancer-Associated Meprin Βeta Variants G45R and G89R. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:702341. [PMID: 34692768 PMCID: PMC8526939 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.702341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Meprin β is a metalloprotease associated with neurodegeneration, inflammation, extracellular matrix homeostasis, transendothelial cell migration, and cancer. In this study, we investigated two melanoma-associated variants of meprin β, both exhibiting a single amino acid exchange, namely, meprin β G45R and G89R. Based on the structural data of meprin β and with regard to the position of the amino acid exchanges, we hypothesized an increase in proteolytic activity in the case of the G45R variant due to the induction of a potential new activation site and a decrease in proteolytic activity from the G89R variant due to structural instability. Indeed, the G89R variant showed, overall, a reduced expression level compared to wild-type meprin β, accompanied by decreased activity and lower cell surface expression but strong accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum. This was further supported by the analysis of the shedding of the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) by meprin β and its variants. In transfected HEK cells, the G89R variant was found to generate less soluble IL-6R, whereas the expression of meprin β G45R resulted in increased shedding of the IL-6R compared to wild-type meprin β and the G89R variant. A similar tendency of the induced shedding capacity of G45R was seen for the well-described meprin β substrate CD99. Furthermore, employing an assay for cell migration in a collagen IV matrix, we observed that the transfection of wild-type meprin β and the G45R variant resulted in increased migration of HeLa cells, while the G89R variant led to diminished mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian Peters
- Department of Ophthalmology, Laboratory for Retinal Cell Biology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Sammel
- Biochemical Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ole Helm
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fred Armbrust
- Biochemical Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Lokau
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, FAU Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Li W, Lückstädt W, Wöhner B, Bub S, Schulz A, Socher E, Arnold P. Structural and functional properties of meprin β metalloproteinase with regard to cell signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2021; 1869:119136. [PMID: 34626678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The metalloproteinase meprin β plays an important role during collagen I deposition in the skin, mucus detachment in the small intestine and also regulates the abundance of different cell surface proteins such as the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), the cluster of differentiation 99 (CD99), the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the cluster of differentiation 109 (CD109). With that, regulatory mechanisms that control meprin β activity and regulate its release from the cell surface to enable access to distant substrates are increasingly important. Here, we will summarize factors that alternate meprin β activity and thereby regulate its proteolytic activity on the cell surface or in the supernatant. We will also discuss cleavage of the IL-6R and TREM2 on the cell surface and compare it to CD109. CD109, as a substrate of meprin β, is cleaved within the protein core, thereby releasing defined fragments from the cell surface. At last, we will also summarize the role of proteases in general and meprin β in particular in substrate release on extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Li
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Lückstädt
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - Birte Wöhner
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Bub
- Department of Molecular-Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonia Schulz
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
| | - Eileen Socher
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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Werny L, Colmorgen C, Becker-Pauly C. Regulation of meprin metalloproteases in mucosal homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2022; 1869:119158. [PMID: 34626680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mucus is covering the entire epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), building the interface for the symbiosis between microorganisms and their host. Hence, a disrupted mucosal barrier or alterations of proper mucus composition, including the gut microbiota, can cause severe infection and inflammation. Meprin metalloproteases are well-known to cleave various pro-inflammatory molecules, contributing to the onset and progression of pathological conditions including sepsis, pulmonary hypertension or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, meprins have an impact on migration and infiltration of immune cells like monocytes or leukocytes during intestinal inflammation by cleaving tight junction proteins or cell adhesion molecules, thereby disrupting epithelial cell barrier and promoting transendothelial cell migration. Interestingly, both meprin α and meprin β are susceptibility genes for IBD. However, both genes are significantly downregulated in inflamed intestinal tissue in contrast to healthy donors. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is the basis for developing new and effective therapies against manifold pathologies like IBD. This review focuses on the regulation of meprin metalloproteases and its impact on physiological and pathological conditions related to mucosal homeostasis.
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Koçak A, Köken Avşar A, Harmancı D, Akdoğan G, Birlik AM. A preliminary study of possible fibrotic role of meprin metalloproteases in scleroderma patients. Arch Rheumatol 2021; 36:510-517. [PMID: 35382369 PMCID: PMC8957771 DOI: 10.46497/archrheumatol.2021.8581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to investigate the possible fibrotic role of meprin metalloproteases and possible fibrotic effects of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in scleroderma patients. Patients and methods
Between April 2018 and April 2019, a total of 85 scleroderma patients (9 males, 76 females; mean age: 54.9 years; range, 22 to 80 years) who met the 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria and 80 healthy control individuals (10 males, 70 females; mean age 42.9 years; range, 19 to 65 years) were included. Patients’ data and blood samples were collected. Messenger ribonucleic acid expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, AP-1 subunits, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum meprin alpha and beta protein levels were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results
Meprin alpha and meprin beta protein levels increased in scleroderma patients. The AP-1 subunits (c-Fos, c-Jun), IL-6, and TNF-α increased in scleroderma patients, compared to controls. Conclusion
Our results provide evidence showing that increased meprins levels may be related to AP-1 levels and increased meprins levels may responsible for increased inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 levels. All these data suggest meprins as promising therapeutic targets to restore the balance between inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition in scleroderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Koçak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aydan Köken Avşar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Harmancı
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Akdoğan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - A. Merih Birlik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Linnert M, Fritz C, Jäger C, Schlenzig D, Ramsbeck D, Kleinschmidt M, Wermann M, Demuth HU, Parthier C, Schilling S. Structure and Dynamics of Meprin β in Complex with a Hydroxamate-Based Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5651. [PMID: 34073350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The astacin protease Meprin β represents an emerging target for drug development due to its potential involvement in disorders such as acute and chronic kidney injury and fibrosis. Here, we elaborate on the structural basis of inhibition by a specific Meprin β inhibitor. Our analysis of the crystal structure suggests different binding modes of the inhibitor to the active site. This flexibility is caused, at least in part, by movement of the C-terminal region of the protease domain (CTD). The CTD movement narrows the active site cleft upon inhibitor binding. Compared with other astacin proteases, among these the highly homologous isoenzyme Meprin α, differences in the subsites account for the unique selectivity of the inhibitor. Although the inhibitor shows substantial flexibility in orientation within the active site, the structural data as well as binding analyses, including molecular dynamics simulations, support a contribution of electrostatic interactions, presumably by arginine residues, to binding and specificity. Collectively, the results presented here and previously support an induced fit and substantial movement of the CTD upon ligand binding and, possibly, during catalysis. To the best of our knowledge, we here present the first structure of a Meprin β holoenzyme containing a zinc ion and a specific inhibitor bound to the active site. The structural data will guide rational drug design and the discovery of highly potent Meprin inhibitors.
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Hou S, Diez J, Wang C, Becker-Pauly C, Fields GB, Bannister T, Spicer TP, Scampavia LD, Minond D. Discovery and Optimization of Selective Inhibitors of Meprin α (Part I). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030203. [PMID: 33671080 PMCID: PMC8000592 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Meprin α and β are zinc-dependent proteinases implicated in multiple diseases including cancers, fibrosis, and Alzheimer’s. However, until recently, only a few inhibitors of either meprin were reported and no inhibitors are in preclinical development. Moreover, inhibitors of other metzincins developed in previous years are not effective in inhibiting meprins suggesting the need for de novo discovery effort. To address the paucity of tractable meprin inhibitors we developed ultrahigh-throughput assays and conducted parallel screening of >650,000 compounds against each meprin. As a result of this effort, we identified five selective meprin α hits belonging to three different chemotypes (triazole-hydroxyacetamides, sulfonamide-hydroxypropanamides, and phenoxy-hydroxyacetamides). These hits demonstrated a nanomolar to micromolar inhibitory activity against meprin α with low cytotoxicity and >30-fold selectivity against meprin β and other related metzincincs. These selective inhibitors of meprin α provide a good starting point for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Hou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.); (T.B.); (T.P.S.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Juan Diez
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, 3321 College Avenue, CCR r.605, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.); (T.B.); (T.P.S.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Christoph Becker-Pauly
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Rudolf-Höber-Str.1, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Gregg B. Fields
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and I-HEALTH, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA;
| | - Thomas Bannister
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.); (T.B.); (T.P.S.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Timothy P. Spicer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.); (T.B.); (T.P.S.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Louis D. Scampavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (S.H.); (C.W.); (T.B.); (T.P.S.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Dmitriy Minond
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, 3321 College Avenue, CCR r.605, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Wang C, Diez J, Park H, Spicer TP, Scampavia LD, Becker-Pauly C, Fields GB, Minond D, Bannister TD. Discovery and Optimization of Selective Inhibitors of Meprin α (Part II). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:197. [PMID: 33673639 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Meprin α is a zinc metalloproteinase (metzincin) that has been implicated in multiple diseases, including fibrosis and cancers. It has proven difficult to find small molecules that are capable of selectively inhibiting meprin a, or its close relative meprin b, over numerous other metzincins which, if inhibited, would elicit unwanted effects. We recently identified possible molecular starting points for meprin a-specific inhibition through an HTS effort (see part I, preceding paper). Here, in part II, we report further efforts to optimize potency and selectivity. We hope that a hydroxamic acid meprin α inhibitor probe will help define the therapeutic potential for small molecule meprin a inhibition and spur further drug discovery efforts in the area of zinc metalloproteinase inhibition.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Meprin is a member of the astaxanthin family; it performs many functions through a wide range of proteolytic enzyme activities during health and disease, including tumors and inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the predictive value of MEP1A in tumor prognosis. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane library, and Web of Science Database using a developed search strategy. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) or the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias will be used to access the methodological quality of included studies, and GRADE will be applied to evaluate evidence quality of outcomes. All analyses were performed by Stata 15.0. RESULTS The results will systematically summarize and display the currently collected evidence on the predictive value of MEP1A in different tumor prognosis. CONCLUSION This study may play a certain role in predicting the prognosis of cancer patients in the future, and may prompt clinicians to make necessary treatment or prevention plans as soon as possible. ETHICS AND COMMUNICATION It is not necessary because the present systematic review is based on published studies. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020100005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Fangfang Wu
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University
| | - Li Zhang
- The Third Ward of Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Li Du
- The Third People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
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Liu C, Ren Y, Li Z, Hu Q, Yin L, Wang H, Qiao X, Zhang Y, Xing L, Xi Y, Jiang F, Wang S, Huang C, Liu B, Liu H, Wan F, Qian W, Fan W. Giant African snail genomes provide insights into molluscan whole-genome duplication and aquatic-terrestrial transition. Mol Ecol Resour 2020; 21:478-494. [PMID: 33000522 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Whole-genome duplication (WGD), contributing to evolutionary diversity and environmental adaptability, has been observed across a wide variety of eukaryotic groups, but not in molluscs. Molluscs are the second largest animal phylum in terms of species numbers, and among the organisms that have successfully adapted to the nonmarine realm through aquatic-terrestrial (A-T) transition. We assembled a chromosome-level reference genome for Achatina immaculata, a globally invasive species, and compared the genomes of two giant African snails (A. immaculata and Achatina fulica) to other available mollusc genomes. Macrosynteny, colinearity blocks, Ks peak and Hox gene clusters collectively suggested a WGD event in the two snails. The estimated WGD timing (~70 million years ago) was close to the speciation age of the Sigmurethra-Orthurethra (within Stylommatophora) lineage and the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) mass extinction, indicating that the WGD may have been a common event shared by all Sigmurethra-Orthurethra species and conferred ecological adaptability allowing survival after the K-T extinction event. Furthermore, the adaptive mechanism of WGD in terrestrial ecosystems was confirmed by the presence of gene families related to the respiration, aestivation and immune defence. Several mucus-related gene families expanded early in the Stylommatophora lineage, and the haemocyanin and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase families doubled during WGD, and zinc metalloproteinase genes were highly tandemly duplicated after WGD. This evidence suggests that although WGD may not have been the direct driver of the A-T transition, it played an important part in the terrestrial adaptation of giant African snails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Ren
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaiyuan Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hengchao Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Longsheng Xing
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Xi
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hangwei Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanqiang Qian
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Körschgen H, Jäger C, Tan K, Buchholz M, Stöcker W, Ramsbeck D. A Primary Evaluation of Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Astacin Metalloproteinase Ovastacin, a Novel Drug Target in Female Infertility Treatment. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1499-1504. [PMID: 32946206 PMCID: PMC7496240 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite huge progress in hormonal therapy and improved in vitro fertilization methods, the success rates in infertility treatment are still limited. A recently discovered mechanism revealed the interplay between the plasma protein fetuin-B and the cortical granule-based proteinase ovastacin to be a novel key mechanism in the regulation of fertilization. Upon sperm-egg fusion, cleavage of a distinct zona pellucida component by ovastacin destroys the sperm receptor, enhances zona robustness, and eventually provides a definitive block against polyspermy. An untimely onset of this zona hardening prior to fertilization would consequently result in infertility. Physiologically, this process is controlled by fetuin-B, an endogenous ovastacin inhibitor. Here we aimed to discover small-molecule inhibitors of ovastacin that could mimic the effect of fetuin-B. These compounds could be useful lead structures for the development of specific ovastacin inhibitors that can be used in infertility treatment or in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagen Körschgen
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyCell and Matrix BiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzJohann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 755128MainzGermany
| | - Christian Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWTFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI BiocenterWeinbergweg 2206120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Kathrin Tan
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWTFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI BiocenterWeinbergweg 2206120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWTFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI BiocenterWeinbergweg 2206120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Walter Stöcker
- Institute of Molecular PhysiologyCell and Matrix BiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzJohann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 755128MainzGermany
| | - Daniel Ramsbeck
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWTFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI BiocenterWeinbergweg 2206120Halle (Saale)Germany
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Isabela Avila-Rodríguez M, Meléndez-Martínez D, Licona-Cassani C, Manuel Aguilar-Yañez J, Benavides J, Lorena Sánchez M. Practical context of enzymatic treatment for wound healing: A secreted protease approach (Review). Biomed Rep 2020; 13:3-14. [PMID: 32440346 PMCID: PMC7238406 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds have been extensively studied as their healing represents a critical step towards achieving homeostasis following a traumatic event. Dependent on the severity of the damage, wounds are categorized as either acute or chronic. To date, chronic wounds have the highest economic impact as long term increases wound care costs. Chronic wounds affect 6.5 million patients in the United States with an annual estimated expense of $25 billion for the health care system. Among wound treatment categories, active wound care represents the fastest-growing category due to its specific actions and lower costs. Within this category, proteases from various sources have been used as successful agents in debridement wound care. The wound healing process is predominantly mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that, when dysregulated, result in defective wound healing. Therapeutic activity has been described for animal secretions including fish epithelial mucus, maggot secretory products and snake venom, which contain secreted proteases (SPs). No further alternatives for use, sources or types of proteases used for wound healing have been found in the literature to date. Through the present review, the context of enzymatic wound care alternatives will be discussed. In addition, substrate homology of SPs and human MMPs will be compared and contrasted. The purpose of these discussions is to identify and propose the stages of wound healing in which SPs may be used as therapeutic agents to improve the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Meléndez-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | | | - José Manuel Aguilar-Yañez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
- Scicore Medical SAPI de CV, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64920, Mexico
| | - Jorge Benavides
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico
| | - Mirna Lorena Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Materiales Biotecnológicos, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes-Imbice-Conicet-Cicpba, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD, Argentina
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Abstract
A crucial step for tumor cell extravasation and metastasis is the migration through the extracellular matrix, which requires proteolytic activity. Hence, proteases, particularly matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), have been discussed as therapeutic targets and their inhibition should diminish tumor growth and metastasis. The metalloproteases meprin α and meprin β are highly abundant on intestinal enterocytes and their expression was associated with different stages of colorectal cancer. Due to their ability to cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) components, they were suggested as pro-tumorigenic enzymes. Additionally, both meprins were shown to have pro-inflammatory activity by cleaving cytokines and their receptors, which correlates with chronic intestinal inflammation and associated conditions. On the other hand, meprin β was identified as an essential enzyme for the detachment and renewal of the intestinal mucus, important to prevent bacterial overgrowth and infection. Considering this, it is hard to estimate whether high activity of meprins is generally detrimental or if these enzymes have also protective functions in certain cancer types. For instance, for colorectal cancer, patients with high meprin β expression in tumor tissue exhibit a better survival prognosis, which is completely different to prostate cancer. This demonstrates that the very same enzyme may have contrary effects on tumor initiation and growth, depending on its tissue and subcellular localization. Hence, precise knowledge about proteolytic enzymes is required to design the most efficient therapeutic options for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the current findings on meprins' functions, expression, and cancer-associated variants with possible implications for tumor progression and metastasis.
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Chen Y, Xu D, Yao J, Wei Z, Li S, Gao X, Cai W, Mao N, Jin F, Li Y, Zhu Y, Li S, Liu H, Yang F, Xu H. Inhibition of miR-155-5p Exerts Anti-Fibrotic Effects in Silicotic Mice by Regulating Meprin α. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2019; 19:350-360. [PMID: 31877411 PMCID: PMC6939030 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is a fatal profession-related disease linked to long-term inhalation of silica. The present study aimed to determine whether meprin α, a master regulator of anti-fibrotic peptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP), is diminished by miR-155-5p in silicotic and control lung macrophages and fibroblasts upon activation. NR8383 macrophages, primary lung fibroblasts, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts were used to evaluate the expression and function of meprin α and miR-155-5p. In vitro meprin α manipulation was performed by recombinant mouse meprin α protein, actinonin (its inhibitor), and small interfering RNA knockdown. Macrophage and fibroblast activation was assessed by western blotting, real-time PCR, matrix deposition, and immunohistochemical staining. The roles of meprin α and miR-155-5p were also investigated in mice exposed to silica. We found that the meprin α level was stably repressed in silicotic rats. In vitro, silica decreased meprin α, and exogenous meprin α reduced activation of macrophages and fibroblasts induced by profibrotic factors. miR-155-5p negatively regulated Mep1a by binding to the 3′ untranslated region. Treatment with anti-miR-155-5p elevated meprin α, ameliorated macrophage and fibroblast activation, and attenuated lung fibrosis in mice induced by silica. The sustained repression of meprin α and beneficial effects of its rescue by inhibition of miR-155-5p during silicosis indicate that miR-155-5p/meprin α are two of the major regulators of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Dingjie Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Jingxin Yao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Basic Medical College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Wenchen Cai
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Na Mao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Fuyu Jin
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Shumin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China.
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Menon PK, Koistinen NA, Iverfeldt K, Ström AL. Phosphorylation of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) at Ser-675 promotes APP processing involving meprin β. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17768-17776. [PMID: 31604820 PMCID: PMC6879340 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormal deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. Aβ is a cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and aberrant posttranslational modifications of APP can alter APP processing and increase Aβ generation. In the AD brain, seven different residues, including Ser-675 (APP695 numbering) in the APP cytoplasmic domain has been found to be phosphorylated. Here, we show that expression of a phosphomimetic variant of Ser-675 in APP (APP-S675E), in human neuroblastoma SK-N-AS cells, reduces secretion of the soluble APP ectodomain (sAPPα), even though the total plasma membrane level of APP was unchanged compared with APP levels in cells expressing APPwt or APP-S675A. Moreover, the level of an alternative larger C-terminal fragment (CTF) increased in the APP-S675E cells, whereas the CTF form that was most abundant in cells expressing APPwt or APP-S675A decreased in the APP-S675E cells. Upon siRNA-mediated knockdown of the astacin metalloprotease meprin β, the levels of the alternative CTF decreased and the CTF ratio was restored back to APPwt levels. Our findings suggest that APP-Ser-675 phosphorylation alters the balance of APP processing, increasing meprin β-mediated and decreasing α-secretase-mediated processing of APP at the plasma membrane. As meprin β cleavage of APP has been shown to result in formation of highly aggregation-prone, truncated Aβ2-40/42 peptides, enhanced APP processing by this enzyme could contribute to AD pathology. We propose that it would be of interest to clarify in future studies how APP-Ser-675 phosphorylation promotes meprin β-mediated APP cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kumaran Menon
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niina Anneli Koistinen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Iverfeldt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lena Ström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Guevara T, Körschgen H, Cuppari A, Schmitz C, Kuske M, Yiallouros I, Floehr J, Jahnen-Dechent W, Stöcker W, Gomis-Rüth FX. The C-terminal region of human plasma fetuin-B is dispensable for the raised-elephant-trunk mechanism of inhibition of astacin metallopeptidases. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14683. [PMID: 31604990 PMCID: PMC6789097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human fetuin-B plays a key physiological role in human fertility through its inhibitory action on ovastacin, a member of the astacin family of metallopeptidases. The inhibitor consists of tandem cystatin-like domains (CY1 and CY2), which are connected by a linker containing a "CPDCP-trunk" and followed by a C-terminal region (CTR) void of regular secondary structure. Here, we solved the crystal structure of the complex of the inhibitor with archetypal astacin from crayfish, which is a useful model of human ovastacin. Two hairpins from CY2, the linker, and the tip of the "legumain-binding loop" of CY1 inhibit crayfish astacin following the "raised-elephant-trunk mechanism" recently reported for mouse fetuin-B. This inhibition is exerted by blocking active-site cleft sub-sites upstream and downstream of the catalytic zinc ion, but not those flanking the scissile bond. However, contrary to the mouse complex, which was obtained with fetuin-B nicked at a single site but otherwise intact, most of the CTR was proteolytically removed during crystallization of the human complex. Moreover, the two complexes present in the crystallographic asymmetric unit diverged in the relative arrangement of CY1 and CY2, while the two complexes found for the mouse complex crystal structure were equivalent. Biochemical studies in vitro confirmed the differential cleavage susceptibility of human and mouse fetuin-B in front of crayfish astacin and revealed that the cleaved human inhibitor blocks crayfish astacin and human meprin α and β only slightly less potently than the intact variant. Therefore, the CTR of animal fetuin-B orthologs may have a function in maintaining a particular relative orientation of CY1 and CY2 that nonetheless is dispensable for peptidase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibisay Guevara
- Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building, c/ Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, E-08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hagen Körschgen
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Cell and Matrix Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Cuppari
- Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building, c/ Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, E-08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlo Schmitz
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Kuske
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Cell and Matrix Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Yiallouros
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Cell and Matrix Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Floehr
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Stöcker
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Cell and Matrix Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - F Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building, c/ Baldiri Reixac, 15-21, E-08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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25
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Gooding J, Cao L, Ahmed F, Mwiza JM, Fernander M, Whitaker C, Acuff Z, McRitchie S, Sumner S, Ongeri EM. LC-MS-based metabolomics analysis to identify meprin-β-associated changes in kidney tissue from mice with STZ-induced type 1 diabetes and diabetic kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1034-F1046. [PMID: 31411076 PMCID: PMC6843037 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00166.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Meprin metalloproteases have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the meprin-β gene have been associated with DKD in Pima Indians, a Native American ethnic group with an extremely high prevalence of DKD. In African American men with diabetes, urinary meprin excretion positively correlated with the severity of kidney injury. In mice, meprin activity decreased at the onset of diabetic kidney injury. Several studies have identified meprin targets in the kidney. However, it is not known how proteolytic processing of the targets by meprins impacts the metabolite milieu in kidneys. In the present study, global metabolomics analysis identified differentiating metabolites in kidney tissues from wild-type and meprin-β knockout mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes. Kidney tissues were harvested at 8 wk post-STZ and analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis identified >200 peaks associated with diabetes. Meprin expression-associated metabolites with strong variable importance of projection scores were indoxyl sulfate, N-γ-l-glutamyl-l-aspartic acid, N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, inosine, and cis-5-decenedioic acid. N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide has been previously implicated in kidney injury, and its isomers, 4-PY and 2-PY, are markers of peroxisome proliferation and inflammation that correlate with creatinine clearance and glucose tolerance. Meprin deficiency-associated differentiating metabolites with high variable importance of projection scores were cortisol, hydroxymethoxyphenylcarboxylic acid-O-sulfate, and isovaleryalanine. The data suggest that meprin-β activity enhances diabetic kidney injury in part by altering the metabolite balance in kidneys, favoring high levels of uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and N-methyl-pyridone-carboxamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gooding
- National Institutes of Health Common Fund Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International, Research Park, North Carolina
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Faihaa Ahmed
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Jean-Marie Mwiza
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Mizpha Fernander
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Courtney Whitaker
- National Institutes of Health Common Fund Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International, Research Park, North Carolina
| | - Zach Acuff
- National Institutes of Health Common Fund Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International, Research Park, North Carolina
| | - Susan McRitchie
- National Institutes of Health Common Fund Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International, Research Park, North Carolina
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Susan Sumner
- National Institutes of Health Common Fund Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International, Research Park, North Carolina
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Elimelda Moige Ongeri
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
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26
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Mortensen JH, Lindholm M, Langholm LL, Kjeldsen J, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Manon-Jensen T. The intestinal tissue homeostasis - the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:977-993. [PMID: 31587588 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1673729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the intestinal tissue is important in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to the extensive mucosal remodeling. There are still gaps in our knowledge as to how ECM remodeling is related to intestinal epithelium homeostasis and healing of the intestinal mucosa.Areas covered: The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of the ECM in relation to the pathogenesis of IBD, while addressing basement membrane and interstitial matrix remodeling, and the processes of wound healing of the intestinal tissue in IBD.Expert opinion: In IBD, basement membrane remodeling may reflect the integrity of the intestinal epithelial-cell homeostasis. The interstitial matrix remodeling is associated with deep inflammation such as the transmural inflammation as seen in fistulas and intestinal fibrosis leading to fibrostenotic strictures, in patients with CD. The interplay between wound healing processes and ECM remodeling also affects the tissue homeostasis in IBD. The interstitial matrix, produced by fibroblasts, holds a very different biology as compared to the epithelial basement membrane in IBD. In combination with integration of wound healing, quantifying the interplay between damage and repair to these sub compartments may provide essential information in IBD patient profiling, mucosal healing and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Mortensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M Lindholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L L Langholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Manon-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
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27
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Scharfenberg F, Armbrust F, Marengo L, Pietrzik C, Becker-Pauly C. Regulation of the alternative β-secretase meprin β by ADAM-mediated shedding. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3193-3206. [PMID: 31201463 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the sixth-leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques are one of the pathological hallmarks in AD patient brains. Aβ accumulates in the brain upon sequential, proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretases. However, so far disease-modifying drugs targeting β- and γ-secretase pathways seeking a decrease in the production of toxic Aβ peptides have failed in clinics. It has been demonstrated that the metalloproteinase meprin β acts as an alternative β-secretase, capable of generating truncated Aβ2-x peptides that have been described to be increased in AD patients. This indicates an important β-site cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1)-independent contribution of the metalloprotease meprin β within the amyloidogenic pathway and may lead to novel drug targeting avenues. However, meprin β itself is embedded in a complex regulatory network. Remarkably, the anti-amyloidogenic α-secretase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) is a direct competitor for APP at the cell surface, but also a sheddase of inactive pro-meprin β. Overall, we highlight the current cellular, molecular and structural understanding of meprin β as alternative β-secretase within the complex protease web, regulating APP processing in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Scharfenberg
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Biochemical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fred Armbrust
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Biochemical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Liana Marengo
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claus Pietrzik
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Christoph Becker-Pauly
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Biochemical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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28
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Dholey Y, Chaudhuri A, Sen Chakraborty S. An integrated in silico approach to understand protein-protein interactions: human meprin-β with fetuin-A. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:2080-2092. [PMID: 31184526 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1626284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Human meprin-β, a zinc metalloprotease belonging to the astacin family, have been found to be associated with many pathological conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, fibrosis and neurodegenerative disease. The inhibition of meprin-β by various inhibitors, both macromolecular and small molecules, is crucial in the control of several diseases. Human fetuin-A, a negative acute phase protein involved in inflammatory disease, has recently been identified as an endogenous inhibitor for meprin-β. In this computational study, an integrated in silico approach was performed using existing structural information of meprin-β coupled with ab initio modelling of human fetuin-A to predict a rational model of the complex through protein-protein docking. Further, the models were optimized and validated to generate an ensemble of conformations through extensive molecular dynamics simulation. Virtual alanine scanning mutagenesis was explored to identify hotspot residues on both proteins significant for protein-protein interaction (PPI). The results of the study provide structural insight into PPI between meprin-β and fetuin-A which can be useful in designing molecules to modulate meprin-β activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuthika Dholey
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankur Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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29
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Zigrino P, Sengle G. Fibrillin microfibrils and proteases, key integrators of fibrotic pathways. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:3-16. [PMID: 29709492 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular networks composed of multi-domain ECM proteins represent intricate cellular microenvironments which are required to balance tissue homeostasis and direct remodeling. Structural deficiency in ECM proteins results in imbalances in ECM-cell communication resulting often times in fibrotic reactions. To understand how individual components of the ECM integrate communication with the cell surface by presenting growth factors or providing fine-tuned biomechanical properties is mandatory for gaining a better understanding of disease mechanisms in the quest for new therapeutic approaches. Here we provide an overview about what we can learn from inherited connective tissue disorders caused primarily by mutations in fibrillin-1 and binding partners as well as by altered ECM processing leading to defined structural changes and similar functional knock-in mouse models. We will utilize this knowledge to propose new molecular hypotheses which should be tested in future studies.
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30
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Schäffler H, Li W, Helm O, Krüger S, Böger C, Peters F, Röcken C, Sebens S, Lucius R, Becker-Pauly C, Arnold P. The cancer-associated meprin β variant G32R provides an additional activation site and promotes cancer cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.220665. [PMID: 31076514 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.220665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular metalloprotease meprin β is expressed as a homodimer and is primarily membrane bound. Meprin β can be released from the cell surface by its known sheddases ADAM10 and ADAM17. Activation of pro-meprin β at the cell surface prevents its shedding, thereby stabilizing its proteolytic activity at the plasma membrane. We show that a single amino acid exchange variant (G32R) of meprin β, identified in endometrium cancer, is more active against a peptide substrate and the IL-6 receptor than wild-type meprin β. We demonstrate that the change to an arginine residue at position 32 represents an additional activation site used by furin-like proteases in the Golgi, which consequently leads to reduced shedding by ADAM17. We investigated this meprin β G32R variant to assess cell proliferation, invasion through a collagen IV matrix and outgrowth from tumor spheroids. We found that increased meprin β G32R activity at the cell surface reduces cell proliferation, but increases cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenjia Li
- Anatomical Institute, Otto-Hahn Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ole Helm
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Krüger
- Dept. of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3/14, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Böger
- Dept. of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3/14, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Peters
- Biochemical Institute, Otto-Hahn Platz 9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Dept. of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3/14, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Anatomical Institute, Otto-Hahn Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Arnold
- Anatomical Institute, Otto-Hahn Platz 8, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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31
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Dolmatov IY, Shulga AP, Ginanova TT, Eliseikina MG, Lamash NE. Metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001 delays regeneration in holothurians. Tissue Cell 2019; 59:1-9. [PMID: 31383283 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the GM6001 metalloproteinase inhibitor on the regeneration of ambulacral structures in Eupentacta fraudatrix has been investigated. Inhibition of proteinase activity exerts a marked effect on regeneration, being dependent on the time when GM6001 is injected. When administration of the inhibitor begins on day 3 post-injury, regeneration is completely abolished, and the animals die. This means that early activation of proteinases is crucial for triggering the regenerative process in holothurians. When GM6001 in first injected on day 7 post-injury, the regeneration rate decreases. However, this effect has proven to be reversible: when inhibition ceases, the regeneration resumes. The effect of the inhibitor is manifested as a retarded degradation of the extracellular matrix, the lack of cell dedifferentiation, and, probably, a slower cell migration. The gelatinase activity is detected in all the regenerating organs of E. fraudatrix. In the holothurian Cucumaria japonica, which is not capable of healing skin wounds and ambulacrum reparation, no gelatinase activity was observed at the site of damage. A suggestion is made that proteinases play an important role in regeneration in holothurians. The most probable morphogenesis regulators are matrix metalloproteinases with gelatinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Dolmatov
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia; Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia.
| | - A P Shulga
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - T T Ginanova
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - M G Eliseikina
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - N E Lamash
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia; Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, 152742, Nekouzskii raion, Yaroslavl oblast, Russia
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32
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Chaudhuri A, Hudait N, Chakraborty SS. Pharmacophore modeling coupled with molecular dynamic simulation approach to identify new leads for meprin-β metalloprotease. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 80:292-306. [PMID: 31054542 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human meprin beta metalloprotease, a small subgroup of the astacin family, is a potent drug target for the treatment of several disorders such as fibrosis, neurodegenerative disease in particular Alzheimer and inflammatory bowel diseases. In this study, a ligand-based pharmacophore approach has been used for the selection of potentially active compounds to understand the inhibitory activities of meprin-β by using the sulfonamide scaffold based inhibitors. Using this dataset, a pharmacophore model (Hypo1) was selected on the basis of a highest correlation coefficient (0.959), lowest total cost (105.89) and lowest root mean square deviation (1.31 Å) values. All the pharmacophore hypotheses generated from the candidate inhibitors comprised four features: two hydrogen-bond acceptor, one hydrogen-bond donor and one zinc binder feature. The best validated pharmacophore model (Hypo1) was used for virtual screening of compounds from several databases. The selective hit compounds were filtered by drug likeness property, acceptable ADMET profile, molecular docking and DFT study. Molecular dynamic simulations with the final 10 hit compounds revealed that a large number of non-covalent interactions were formed with the active site and specificity sub-pockets of the meprin beta metalloprotease. This study assists in the development of the new lead molecules as well as gives a better understanding of their interaction with meprin-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Nandagopal Hudait
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India; Department of Chemistry, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Sibani Sen Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India.
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Chepurnova DА, Samoilova ЕV, Verin АD, Fesenko AG, Anisimov АА, Korotaeva AA. Inhibition of Meprins Reduces Pulmonary Edema in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Damage. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:719-721. [PMID: 31020584 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary edema is the major factor of tissue hypoxia in acute lung injury. Disruption of cell-cell contacts and lung interstitium increases permeability of the vascular endothelium and alveolar epithelium, which leads to the development of pulmonary edema. Meprin metalloproteases cleave extracellular matrix proteins, thus aggravating pulmonary edema. Meprin inhibitor actinonin was administered to rats with LPS-induced acute lung injury. Damaged lungs looked spotted and had multiple hemorrhage focuses, protein concentration in lavage fluid was increased, and lung weight coefficient was high. Administration of meprin inhibitor actinonin considerably reduced protein content in the bronchoalvelolar lavage and lung coefficient; only solitary lung hemorrhages were seen after this treatment. Thus, inhibition of meprins potentially alleviates LPS-induced disorders in the lung tissue permeability and reduces pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- D А Chepurnova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Е V Samoilova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - А D Verin
- Vascular Biology Center and Pulmonary Division at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A G Fesenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - А А Anisimov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Korotaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Herzog C, Haun RS, Kaushal GP. Role of meprin metalloproteinases in cytokine processing and inflammation. Cytokine 2018; 114:18-25. [PMID: 30580156 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Meprin metalloendopeptidases, comprising α and β isoforms, are widely expressed in mammalian cells and organs including kidney, intestines, lungs, skin, and bladder, and in a variety of immune cells and cancer cells. Meprins proteolytically process many inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, and other bioactive proteins and peptides that control the function of immune cells. The knowledge of meprin-mediated processing of inflammatory mediators and other target substrates provides a pathophysiologic link for the involvement of meprins in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory disorders. Meprins are now known to play important roles in inflammatory diseases including acute kidney injury, sepsis, urinary tract infections, bladder inflammation, and inflammatory bowel disease. The proteolysis of epithelial and endothelial barriers including cell junctional proteins by meprins promotes leukocyte influx into areas of tissue damage to result in inflammation. Meprins degrade extracellular matrix proteins; this ability of meprins is implicated in the cell migration of leukocytes and the invasion of tumor cells that express meprins. Proteolytic processing and maturation of procollagens provides evidence that meprins are involved in collagen maturation and deposition in the fibrotic processes involved in the formation of keloids and hypertrophic scars and lung fibrosis. This review highlights recent progress in understanding the role of meprins in inflammatory disorders in both human and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Herzog
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Randy S Haun
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Gur P Kaushal
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Little Rock, AR, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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Talantikite M, Lécorché P, Beau F, Damour O, Becker-Pauly C, Ho WB, Dive V, Vadon-Le Goff S, Moali C. Inhibitors of BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases: efficacy, selectivity and cellular toxicity. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:2011-2021. [PMID: 30524951 PMCID: PMC6275283 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BMP‐1/tolloid‐like proteinases belong to the astacin family of human metalloproteinases, together with meprins and ovastacin. They represent promising targets to treat or prevent a wide range of diseases such as fibrotic disorders or cancer. However, the study of their pathophysiological roles is still impaired by the lack of well‐characterized inhibitors and the questions that remain regarding their selectivity and in vivo efficiency. As a first step towards the identification of suitable tools to be used in functional studies, we have undertaken a systematic comparison of seven molecules known to affect the proteolytic activity of human astacins including three hydroxamates (FG‐2575, UK383,367, S33A), the protein sizzled, a new phosphinic inhibitor (RXP‐1001) and broad‐spectrum protease inhibitors (GM6001, actinonin). Their efficacy in vitro, their cellular toxicity and efficacy in cell cultures were thoroughly characterized. We found that these molecules display very different potency and selectivity profiles, with hydroxamate FG‐2575 and the protein sizzled being very powerful and selective inhibitors of BMP‐1, whereas phosphinic peptide RXP‐1001 behaves as a broad‐spectrum inhibitor of astacins. Their use should therefore be carefully considered in agreement with the aim of the study to avoid result misinterpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Talantikite
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Unit (LBTI) UMR5305, CNRS Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 France
| | - Pascaline Lécorché
- CEA Saclay Institut Frédéric Joliot Direction de la recherche fondamentale SIMOPRO Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- CEA Saclay Institut Frédéric Joliot Direction de la recherche fondamentale SIMOPRO Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Odile Damour
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Unit (LBTI) UMR5305, CNRS Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 France.,Banque de Tissus et Cellules Hospices Civils de Lyon France
| | - Christoph Becker-Pauly
- Institute of Biochemistry Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Germany
| | | | - Vincent Dive
- CEA Saclay Institut Frédéric Joliot Direction de la recherche fondamentale SIMOPRO Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Unit (LBTI) UMR5305, CNRS Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 France
| | - Catherine Moali
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Unit (LBTI) UMR5305, CNRS Univ Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon1 France
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Ricard-Blum S, Baffet G, Théret N. Molecular and tissue alterations of collagens in fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:122-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tan K, Jäger C, Schlenzig D, Schilling S, Buchholz M, Ramsbeck D. Tertiary-Amine-Based Inhibitors of the Astacin Protease Meprin α. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1619-1624. [PMID: 29927060 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases of the astacin family are drawing ever increasing attention as potential drug targets. However, knowledge regarding inhibitors thereof is limited in most cases. Crucial for the development of metalloprotease inhibitors is high selectivity, to avoid side effects brought about by inhibition of off-target proteases and interference with physiological pathways. In this study we aimed at the design of novel selective inhibitors for the astacin proteinase meprin α. Based on a recently identified tertiary amine scaffold, a series of compounds was synthesized and evaluated. The compounds exhibit reasonable inhibitory activity with high selectivity over other metalloproteases. The isoenzyme meprin β is only slightly inhibited. Hence, the present study revealed a novel class of selective meprin α inhibitors with improved selectivity over known compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Tan
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dagmar Schlenzig
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephan Schilling
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Ramsbeck
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Ramsbeck D, Hamann A, Richter G, Schlenzig D, Geissler S, Nykiel V, Cynis H, Schilling S, Buchholz M. Structure-Guided Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Next-Generation Meprin β Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4578-4592. [PMID: 29694039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The metalloproteinase meprin β emerged as a current drug target for the treatment of a number of disorders, among those fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease and Morbus Alzheimer. A major obstacle in the development of metalloprotease inhibitors is target selectivity to avoid side effects by blocking related enzymes with physiological functions. Here, we describe the structure-guided design of a novel series of compounds, based on previously reported highly active meprin β inhibitors. The bioisosteric replacement of the sulfonamide scaffold gave rise to a next generation of meprin inhibitors. Selected compounds based on this novel amine scaffold exhibit high activity against meprin β and also remarkable selectivity over related metalloproteases, i.e., matrix metalloproteases and A disintegrin and metalloproteinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ramsbeck
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Antje Hamann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Georg Richter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Dagmar Schlenzig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Stefanie Geissler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Vera Nykiel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Holger Cynis
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Stephan Schilling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI , Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT , Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
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Cao L, Sedighi R, Boston A, Premadasa L, Pinder J, Crawford GE, Jegede OE, Harrison SH, Newman RH, Ongeri EM. Undiagnosed Kidney Injury in Uninsured and Underinsured Diabetic African American Men and Putative Role of Meprin Metalloproteases in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Nephrol 2018; 2018:6753489. [PMID: 29854459 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6753489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease. African Americans are disproportionately burdened by diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD). Disparities in DKD have genetic and socioeconomic components, yet its prevalence in African Americans is not adequately studied. The current study used multiple biomarkers of DKD to evaluate undiagnosed DKD in uninsured and underinsured African American men in Greensboro, North Carolina. Participants consisted of three groups: nondiabetic controls, diabetic patients without known kidney disease, and diabetic patients with diagnosed DKD. Our data reveal undiagnosed kidney injury in a significant proportion of the diabetic patients, based on levels of both plasma and urinary biomarkers of kidney injury, namely, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, kidney injury molecule-1, cystatin C, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. We also found that the urinary levels of meprin A, meprin B, and two kidney meprin targets (nidogen-1 and monocytes chemoattractant protein-1) increased with severity of kidney injury, suggesting a potential role for meprin metalloproteases in the pathophysiology of DKD in this subpopulation. The study also demonstrates a need for more aggressive tests to assess kidney injury in uninsured diabetic patients to facilitate early diagnosis and targeted interventions that could slow progression to ESRD.
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Breig O, Yates M, Neaud V, Couchy G, Grigoletto A, Lucchesi C, Prox J, Zucman-Rossi J, Becker-Pauly C, Rosenbaum J. Metalloproteinase meprin α regulates migration and invasion of human hepatocarcinoma cells and is a mediator of the oncoprotein Reptin. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7839-7851. [PMID: 27999200 PMCID: PMC5352365 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with a high rate of intra-hepatic invasion that carries a poor prognosis. Meprin alpha (Mep1A) is a secreted metalloproteinase with many substrates relevant to cancer invasion. We found that Mep1A was a target of Reptin, a protein that is oncogenic in HCC. We studied Mep1A regulation by Reptin, its role in HCC, and whether it mediates Reptin oncogenic effects. MepA and Reptin expression was measured in human HCC by qRT-PCR and in cultured cells by PCR, western blot and enzymatic activity measurements. Cell growth was assessed by counting and MTS assay. Cell migration was measured in Boyden chambers and wound healing assays, and cell invasion in Boyden chambers. Silencing Reptin decreased Mep1A expression and activity, without affecting meprin β. Mep1A, but not meprin β, was overexpressed in a series of 242 human HCC (2.04 fold, p < 0.0001), and a high expression correlated with a poor prognosis. Mep1A and Reptin expressions were positively correlated (r = 0.39, p < 0.0001). Silencing Mep1A had little effect on cell proliferation, but decreased cell migration and invasion of HuH7 and Hep3B cells. Conversely, overexpression of Mep1A or addition of recombinant Mep1A increased migration and invasion. Finally, overexpression of Mep1A restored a normal cell migration in cells where Reptin was depleted. Mep1A is overexpressed in most HCC and induces HCC cell migration and invasion. Mep1A expression is regulated by Reptin, and Mep1A mediates Reptin-induced migration. Overall, we suggest that Mep1A may be a useful target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Breig
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1053, BordeAux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maïlyn Yates
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1053, BordeAux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Neaud
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1053, BordeAux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabrielle Couchy
- Inserm, U1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - Aude Grigoletto
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1053, BordeAux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Johannes Prox
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, U1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean Rosenbaum
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1053, BordeAux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
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Chaudhuri A, Biswas S, Chakraborty S. Exploring protein–protein intermolecular recognition between meprin-α and endogenous protease regulator cystatinC coupled with pharmacophore elucidation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:440-453. [PMID: 29343185 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1429311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Sampa Biswas
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block – AF, Sector – 1, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Sibani Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Berunanpukuria, P.O. Malikapur, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a meshwork of proteins and carbohydrates that supports many biological structures and processes, from tissue development and elasticity to preserve the structures of entire organs. In each organ, the composition of the ECM is distinct. It is a remarkably active three-dimensional structure that is continuously undergoing remodeling to regulate tissue homeostasis. This review aims to explain the role of ECM proteins in the remodeling process in different types of disease. The hardening of the ECM (desmoplasia), as well as its manipulation, induction, and impairment in regulation of its composition can play a role in several diseases, examples of which are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, spinal cord injury, progression and metastasis of breast cancer, and neurodegenerative condition in the brain such as Alzheimer's disease. Remodeling is also associated with diet-induced insulin resistance in many metabolic tissues. A greater comprehension of the way in which the ECM regulates organ structure and function and of how ECM remodeling affects the development of diseases may lead to the improvement and discovery of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Salim Sonbol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21332, Saudi Arabia
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Hou H, Gou X, Bu J, Su Y, Wei X, Wang X, Hou B. Meprin α combined with CEA and CA19-9 improves prognostic prediction for surgically treated colorectal cancer patients. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017; 10:10441-10450. [PMID: 31966381 PMCID: PMC6965749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are generally used as tumour markers in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and meprin α might be an additional marker. METHODS The preoperative expression of serum CEA and CA19-9 was evaluated using a C12 protein biochip system, and tissue meprin α expression in CRC cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationships of these indexes with clinicopathological parameters and the survival of CRC patients were analysed. RESULTS Of the 147 CRC patients, the preoperative seropositive rates for CEA and CA19-9 were 51.70% and 44.22%, respectively, and the tissue meprin α positive rate was 39.46%. Preoperative seropositivity for CEA was correlated with tumour size (P = 0.019), T stage (P = 0.005) and staging of CRC based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) guidelines (P = 0.032). The preoperative seropositive rate for CA19-9 was correlated with AJCC tumour stage (P = 0.031). High expression of meprin α was significantly correlated with distant CRC metastasis (P = 0.003), serum CEA (P = 0.002) and serum CA19-9 (P = 0.001). The combination of the three markers was an independent prognostic factor in patients with CRC (HR 3.985, 95% CI 1.106-14.361, P = 0.035 for overall survival). CONCLUSIONS Tissue meprin α expression may be a useful predictor of metastasis and prognosis in CRC. The combined detection of the three markers may also be helpful to improve the accuracy of CRC prognosis monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfa Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinmin Gou
- Department of Pathology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juyuan Bu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yonghui Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinying Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bingzong Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
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Pinto E, Anselmo M, Calha M, Bottrill A, Duarte I, Andrew PW, Faleiro ML. The intestinal proteome of diabetic and control children is enriched with different microbial and host proteins. Microbiology (Reading) 2017; 163:161-174. [PMID: 28270263 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the intestinal microbial proteome of children with established type 1 diabetes (T1D) was compared with the proteome of healthy children (Control) with the aim to identify differences in the activity of the intestinal microbiota that not only will contribute to a deeper knowledge of the functionality of the gut in these children but also may provide new approaches to improve the control of the disease. Faecal protein extracts collected from three T1D children (aged 9.3±0.6 years) and three Control children (aged 9.3±1.5 years) were analysed using a combination of 2D gel electrophoresis and spectral counting. The results evidenced markedly differences between the intestinal proteome of T1D children and the Control. The T1D microbial intestinal proteome was enriched with proteins of clostridial cluster XVa and cluster IV and Bacteroides. In contrast, the Control proteome was enriched with bifidobacterial proteins. In both groups, proteins with moonlight function were observed. Human proteins also distinguished the two groups with T1D children depleted in exocrine pancreatic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Pinto
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Centro de Investigação em Biomedicina, Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Marisol Anselmo
- Núcleo de Diabetologia, Nutrição e Doenças Metabólicas (NDNDM) do Hospital de Faro, 8000-386 Faro, Portugal
| | - Manuela Calha
- Núcleo de Diabetologia, Nutrição e Doenças Metabólicas (NDNDM) do Hospital de Faro, 8000-386 Faro, Portugal
| | - Andrew Bottrill
- Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry Laboratory (PNACL), University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Isabel Duarte
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Centro de Investigação em Biomedicina, Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Peter W Andrew
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Maria L Faleiro
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Centro de Investigação em Biomedicina, Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Adhikari N, Amin SA, Ghosh B, Jha T. Shedding light on designing potential meprin β inhibitors through ligand-based robust validated computational approaches: A proposal to chemists! J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:3003-3022. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1374210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sk. Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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Bedau T, Schumacher N, Peters F, Prox J, Arnold P, Koudelka T, Helm O, Schmidt F, Rabe B, Jentzsch M, Rosenstiel P, Sebens S, Tholey A, Rose-John S, Becker-Pauly C. Cancer-associated mutations in the canonical cleavage site do not influence CD99 shedding by the metalloprotease meprin β but alter cell migration in vitro. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54873-88. [PMID: 28903388 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transendothelial cell migration (TEM) is crucial for inflammation and metastasis. The adhesion molecule CD99 was shown to be important for correct immune cell extravasation and is highly expressed on certain cancer cells. Recently, we demonstrated that ectodomain shedding of CD99 by the metalloprotease meprin β promotes TEM in vitro. In this study, we employed an acute inflammation model (air pouch/carrageenan) and found significantly less infiltrated cells in meprin β knock-out animals validating the previously observed pro-inflammatory activity. To further analyze the impact of meprin β on CD99 shedding with regard to cell adhesion and proliferation we characterized two lung cancer associated CD99 variants (D92H, D92Y), carrying point mutations at the main cleavage site. Interestingly, ectodomain shedding of these variants by meprin β was still detectable. However the cleavage site shifted to adjacent positions. Nevertheless, expression of CD99 variants D92H and D92Y revealed partial misfolding and proteasomal degradation. A previously observed influence of CD99 on Src activation and increased proliferation could not be confirmed in this study, independent of wild-type CD99 or the variants D92H and D92Y. However, we identified meprin β as a potent inducer of Src phosphorylation. Importantly, we found significantly increased cell migration when expressing the cancer-associated CD99 variant D92H compared to the wild-type protein.
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Arnold P, Otte A, Becker-Pauly C. Meprin metalloproteases: Molecular regulation and function in inflammation and fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2017; 1864:2096-104. [PMID: 28502593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The zinc-endopeptidases meprin α and meprin β are extracellular proteases involved in connective tissue homeostasis, intestinal barrier function and immunological processes. Meprins are unique among other extracellular proteases with regard to cleavage specificity and structure. Meprin α and meprin β have a strong preference for negatively charged amino acids around the scissile bond, reflected by cleavage sites identified in procollagen I, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R). In this review we report on recent findings that summarize the complex molecular regulation of meprins, particular folding, activation and shedding. Dysregulation of meprin α and meprin β is often associated with pathological conditions such as neurodegeneration, inflammatory bowel disease and fibrosis. Based on mouse models and patient data we suggest meprins as possible key regulators in the onset and progression of fibrotic disorders, leading to severe diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John.
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Herr UM, Strecker P, Storck SE, Thomas C, Rabiej V, Junker A, Schilling S, Schmidt N, Dowds CM, Eggert S, Pietrzik CU, Kins S. LRP1 Modulates APP Intraneuronal Transport and Processing in Its Monomeric and Dimeric State. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:118. [PMID: 28496400 PMCID: PMC5406469 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, LRP1, interacts with APP and affects its processing. This is assumed to be mostly caused by the impact of LRP1 on APP endocytosis. More recently, also an interaction of APP and LRP1 early in the secretory pathway was reported whereat retention of LRP1 in the ER leads to decreased APP cell surface levels and in turn, to reduced Aβ secretion. Here, we extended the biochemical and immunocytochemical analyses by showing via live cell imaging analyses in primary neurons that LRP1 and APP are transported only partly in common (one third) but to a higher degree in distinct fast axonal transport vesicles. Interestingly, co-expression of LRP1 and APP caused a change of APP transport velocities, indicating that LRP1 recruits APP to a specific type of fast axonal transport vesicles. In contrast lowered levels of LRP1 facilitated APP transport. We further show that monomeric and dimeric APP exhibit similar transport characteristics and that both are affected by LRP1 in a similar way, by slowing down APP anterograde transport and increasing its endocytosis rate. In line with this, a knockout of LRP1 in CHO cells and in primary neurons caused an increase of monomeric and dimeric APP surface localization and in turn accelerated shedding by meprin β and ADAM10. Notably, a choroid plexus specific LRP1 knockout caused a much higher secretion of sAPP dimers into the cerebrospinal fluid compared to sAPP monomers. Together, our data show that LRP1 functions as a sorting receptor for APP, regulating its cell surface localization and thereby its processing by ADAM10 and meprin β, with the latter exhibiting a preference for APP in its dimeric state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta-Mareike Herr
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Paul Strecker
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Steffen E Storck
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Thomas
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Verena Rabiej
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Anne Junker
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Sandra Schilling
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Nadine Schmidt
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - C Marie Dowds
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Simone Eggert
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Claus U Pietrzik
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Division of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern, Germany
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Ramsbeck D, Hamann A, Schlenzig D, Schilling S, Buchholz M. First insight into structure-activity relationships of selective meprin β inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2428-2431. [PMID: 28408220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The astacin proteases meprin α and β are emerging drug targets for treatment of disorders such as kidney failure, fibrosis or inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are only few inhibitors of both proteases reported to date. Starting from NNGH as lead structure, a detailed elaboration of the structure-activity relationship of meprin β inhibitors was performed, leading to compounds with activities in the lower nanomolar range. Considering the preference of meprin β for acidic residues in the P1' position, the compounds were optimized. Acidic modifications induced potent inhibition and >100-fold selectivity over other structurally related metalloproteases such as MMP-2 or ADAM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ramsbeck
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Antje Hamann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dagmar Schlenzig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephan Schilling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Department of Drug Design and Target Validation MWT, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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50
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Abstract
The membrane bound metalloprotease meprin β is important for collagen fibril assembly in connective tissue formation and for the detachment of the intestinal mucus layer for proper barrier function. Recent proteomic studies revealed dozens of putative new substrates of meprin β, including the amyloid precursor protein (APP). It was shown that APP is cleaved by meprin β in distinct ways, either at the β-secretase site resulting in increased levels of Aβ peptides, or at the N-terminus releasing 11 kDa, and 20 kDa peptide fragments. The latter event was discussed to be rather neuroprotective, whereas the ectodomain shedding of APP by meprin β reminiscent to BACE-1 is in line with the amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease, promoting neurodegeneration. The N-terminal 11 kDa and 20 kDa peptide fragments represent physiological cleavage products, since they are found in human brains under different diseased or non-diseased states, whereas these fragments are completely missing in brains of meprin β knock-out animals. Meprin β is not only a sheddase of adhesion molecules, such as APP, but was additionally demonstrated to cleave within the prodomain of ADAM10. Activated ADAM10, the α-secretase of APP, is then able to shed meprin β from the cell surface thereby abolishing the β-secretase activity. All together meprin β seems to be a novel player in APP processing events, even influencing other enzymes involved in APP cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Becker-Pauly
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus U Pietrzik
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Mainz, Germany
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