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Li S, Li H, Lian R, Xie J, Feng R. New perspective of small-molecule antiviral drugs development for RNA viruses. Virology 2024; 594:110042. [PMID: 38492519 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
High variability and adaptability of RNA viruses allows them to spread between humans and animals, causing large-scale infectious diseases which seriously threat human and animal health and social development. At present, AIDS, viral hepatitis and other viral diseases with high incidence and low cure rate are still spreading around the world. The outbreaks of Ebola, Zika, dengue and in particular of the global pandemic of COVID-19 have presented serious challenges to the global public health system. The development of highly effective and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs is a substantial and urgent research subject to deal with the current RNA virus infection and the possible new viral infections in the future. In recent years, with the rapid development of modern disciplines such as artificial intelligence technology, bioinformatics, molecular biology, and structural biology, some new strategies and targets for antivirals development have emerged. Here we review the main strategies and new targets for developing small-molecule antiviral drugs against RNA viruses through the analysis of the new drug development progress against several highly pathogenic RNA viruses, to provide clues for development of future antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Huixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Ruiya Lian
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jingying Xie
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Ruofei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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2
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Lü Z, Dai X, Xu J, Liu Z, Guo Y, Gao Z, Meng F. Medicinal chemistry strategies toward broad-spectrum antiviral agents to prevent next pandemics. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116442. [PMID: 38685143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The pandemic and tremendous impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 alert us, despite great achievements in prevention and control of infectious diseases, we still lack universal and powerful antiviral strategies to rapidly respond to the potential threat of serious infectious disease. Various highly contagious and pathogenic viruses, as well as other unknown viruses may appear or reappear in human society at any time, causing a catastrophic epidemic. Developing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs with high security and efficiency is of great significance for timely meeting public health emergency and protecting the lives and health of the people. Hence, in this review, we summarized diverse broad-spectrum antiviral targets and corresponding agents from a medicinal chemistry prospective, compared the pharmacological advantages and disadvantages of different targets, listed representative agents, showed their structures, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics characteristics, and conducted a critical discussion on their development potential, in the hope of providing up-to-date guidance for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals and perspectives for applications of antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Lü
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xiandong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Jianjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Fanhua Meng
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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Wang H, Huang X, Pan Y, Zhang G, Tang S, Shao H, Jiao W. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Dihydrofuro[3,2- b]piperidine Derivatives as Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Molecules 2024; 29:1179. [PMID: 38474691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of glycoside hydrolases has widespread application in the treatment of diabetes. Based on our previous findings, a series of dihydrofuro[3,2-b]piperidine derivatives was designed and synthesized from D- and L-arabinose. Compounds 32 (IC50 = 0.07 μM) and 28 (IC50 = 0.5 μM) showed significantly stronger inhibitory potency against α-glucosidase than positive control acarbose. The study of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds provides a new clue for the development of new α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhejiang Hongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linhai 317016, China
| | - Xiaojiang Huang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Senling Tang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huawu Shao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yan Y, Yang M, Jiao Y, Li L, Liu Z, Shi J, Shen Z, Peng G. Drug screening identified that handelin inhibits feline calicivirus infection by inhibiting HSP70 expression in vitro. J Gen Virol 2024; 105. [PMID: 38175184 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is considered one of the major pathogens of cats worldwide and causes upper respiratory tract disease in all cats. In some cats, infection is by a highly virulent strain of FCV (vs.-FCV), which can cause severe and fatal systemic disease symptoms. At present, few antiviral drugs are approved for clinical treatment against FCV. Therefore, there is an imminent need for effective FCV antiviral agents. Here, we used observed a cytopathic effect (CPE) assay to screen 1746 traditional Chinese medicine monomer compounds and found one that can effectively inhibit FCV replication, namely, handelin, with an effective concentration (EC50) value of approximately 2.5 µM. Further study showed that handelin inhibits FCV replication via interference with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which is a crucial host factor and plays a positive role in regulating viral replication. Moreover, handelin and HSP70 inhibitors have broad-spectrum antiviral activity. These findings indicate that handelin is a potential candidate for the treatment of FCV infection and that HSP70 may be an important drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mengfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuzhou Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lisha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zirui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jiale Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhou Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Guiqing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, PR China
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Newby ML, Allen JD, Crispin M. Influence of glycosylation on the immunogenicity and antigenicity of viral immunogens. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108283. [PMID: 37972669 PMCID: PMC10867814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A key aspect of successful viral vaccine design is the elicitation of neutralizing antibodies targeting viral attachment and fusion glycoproteins that embellish viral particles. This observation has catalyzed the development of numerous viral glycoprotein mimetics as vaccines. Glycans can dominate the surface of viral glycoproteins and as such, the viral glycome can influence the antigenicity and immunogenicity of a candidate vaccine. In one extreme, glycans can form an integral part of epitopes targeted by neutralizing antibodies and are therefore considered to be an important feature of key immunogens within an immunization regimen. In the other extreme, the existence of peptide and bacterially expressed protein vaccines shows that viral glycosylation can be dispensable in some cases. However, native-like glycosylation can indicate native-like protein folding and the presence of conformational epitopes. Furthermore, going beyond native glycan mimicry, in either occupancy of glycosylation sites or the glycan processing state, may offer opportunities for enhancing the immunogenicity and associated protection elicited by an immunogen. Here, we review key determinants of viral glycosylation and how recombinant immunogens can recapitulate these signatures across a range of enveloped viruses, including HIV-1, Ebola virus, SARS-CoV-2, Influenza and Lassa virus. The emerging understanding of immunogen glycosylation and its control will help guide the development of future vaccines in both recombinant protein- and nucleic acid-based vaccine technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddy L Newby
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Arman BY, Brun J, Hill ML, Zitzmann N, von Delft A. An Update on SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Trial Results-What We Can Learn for the Next Pandemic. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:354. [PMID: 38203525 PMCID: PMC10779148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has claimed over 7 million lives worldwide, providing a stark reminder of the importance of pandemic preparedness. Due to the lack of approved antiviral drugs effective against coronaviruses at the start of the pandemic, the world largely relied on repurposed efforts. Here, we summarise results from randomised controlled trials to date, as well as selected in vitro data of directly acting antivirals, host-targeting antivirals, and immunomodulatory drugs. Overall, repurposing efforts evaluating directly acting antivirals targeting other viral families were largely unsuccessful, whereas several immunomodulatory drugs led to clinical improvement in hospitalised patients with severe disease. In addition, accelerated drug discovery efforts during the pandemic progressed to multiple novel directly acting antivirals with clinical efficacy, including small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. We argue that large-scale investment is required to prepare for future pandemics; both to develop an arsenal of broad-spectrum antivirals beyond coronaviruses and build worldwide clinical trial networks that can be rapidly utilised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benediktus Yohan Arman
- Antiviral Drug Discovery Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; (J.B.); (N.Z.)
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Juliane Brun
- Antiviral Drug Discovery Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; (J.B.); (N.Z.)
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Michelle L. Hill
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK;
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Antiviral Drug Discovery Unit, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; (J.B.); (N.Z.)
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Annette von Delft
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Centre for Medicine Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
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Pavlakis E, Neumann M, Merle N, Wieboldt R, Wanzel M, Ponath V, Pogge von Strandmann E, Elmshäuser S, Stiewe T. Mutant p53-ENTPD5 control of the calnexin/calreticulin cycle: a druggable target for inhibiting integrin-α5-driven metastasis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:203. [PMID: 37563605 PMCID: PMC10413714 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53, encoding the tumor suppressor p53, is frequently mutated in various cancers, producing mutant p53 proteins (mutp53) which can exhibit neomorphic, gain-of-function properties. The latter transform p53 into an oncoprotein that promotes metastatic tumor progression via downstream effectors such as ENTPD5, an endoplasmic reticulum UDPase involved in the calnexin/calreticulin cycle of N-glycoprotein biosynthesis. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the pro-metastatic functions of the mutp53-ENTPD5 axis is crucial for developing targeted therapies for aggressive metastatic cancer. METHODS We analyzed pancreatic, lung, and breast adenocarcinoma cells with p53 missense mutations to study the impact of mutp53 and ENTPD5 on the N-glycoproteins integrin-α5 (ITGA5) and integrin-β1 (ITGB1), which heterodimerize to form the key fibronectin receptor. We assessed the role of the mutp53-ENTPD5 axis in integrin-dependent tumor-stroma interactions and tumor cell motility using adhesion, migration, and invasion assays, identifying and validating therapeutic intervention targets. We employed an orthotopic xenograft model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to examine in vivo targeting of mutp53-ENTPD5-mediated ITGA5 regulation for cancer therapy. RESULTS Mutp53 depletion diminished ITGA5 and ITGB1 expression and impaired tumor cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, rescued by ENTPD5. The mutp53-ENTPD5 axis maintained ITGA5 expression and function via the calnexin/calreticulin cycle. Targeting this axis using ITGA5-blocking antibodies, α-glucosidase inhibitors, or pharmacological degradation of mutp53 by HSP90 inhibitors, such as Ganetespib, effectively inhibited ITGA5-mediated cancer cell motility in vitro. In the orthotopic xenograft model, Ganetespib reduced ITGA5 expression and metastasis in an ENTPD5-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The mutp53-ENTPD5 axis fosters ITGA5 and ITGB1 expression and tumor cell motility through the calnexin/calreticulin cycle, contributing to cancer metastasis. ITGA5-blocking antibodies or α-glucosidase inhibitors target this axis and represent potential therapeutic options worth exploring in preclinical models. The pharmacologic degradation of mutp53 by HSP90 inhibitors effectively blocks ENTPD5-ITGA5-mediated cancer cell motility and metastasis in vivo, warranting further clinical evaluation in p53-mutant cancers. This research underscores the significance of understanding the complex interplay between mutp53, ENTPD5, and the calnexin/calreticulin cycle in integrin-mediated metastatic tumor progression, offering valuable insights for the development of potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Pavlakis
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Neumann
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nastasja Merle
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ronja Wieboldt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wanzel
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - Viviane Ponath
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Sabrina Elmshäuser
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, 35043, Germany.
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Liu H, Chen C, Liao S, Sohaii DK, Cruz CR, Burdo TH, Cradick TJ, Mehta A, Barrero C, Florez M, Gordon J, Grauzam S, Dressman J, Amini S, Bollard CM, Kaminski R, Khalili K. Strategic self-limiting production of infectious HIV particles by CRISPR in permissive cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:1010-1025. [PMID: 37346975 PMCID: PMC10280355 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational glycosylation of the HIV-1 envelope protein involving precursor glycan trimming by mannosyl oligosaccharide glucosidase (MOGS) is critically important for morphogenesis of virions and viral entry. Strategic editing of the MOGS gene in T lymphocytes and myeloid origin cells harboring latent proviral DNA results in the production of non-infectious particles upon treatment of cells with latency reversal agents. Controlled activation of CRISPR-MOGS by rebound HIV-1 mitigates production of infectious particles that exhibit poor ability of the virus to penetrate uninfected cells. Moreover, exclusive activation of CRISPR in cells infected with HIV-1 alleviates concern for broad off-target impact of MOGS gene ablation in uninfected cells. Combination CRISPR treatment of peripheral blood lymphocytes prepared from blood of people with HIV-1 (PWH) tailored for editing the MOGS gene (CRISPR-MOGS) and proviral HIV-1 DNA (CRISPR-HIV) revealed a cooperative impact of CRISPR treatment in inhibiting the production of infectious HIV-1 particles. Our design for genetic inactivation of MOGS by CRISPR exhibits no detectable off-target effects on host cells or any deleterious impact on cell survival and proliferation. Our findings offer the development of a new combined gene editing-based cure strategy for the diminution of HIV-1 spread after cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shuren Liao
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Danielle K. Sohaii
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Health System, The George Washington University, 7144 13th Place NW, Washington, DC 20012, USA
| | - Conrad R.Y. Cruz
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Health System, The George Washington University, 7144 13th Place NW, Washington, DC 20012, USA
| | - Tricia H. Burdo
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Thomas J. Cradick
- Excision Biotherapeutics, Inc., 499 Jackson Street, San Francisco, CA 94111, USA
| | - Anand Mehta
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Basic Science Building, Room 310, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Carlos Barrero
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Magda Florez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jennifer Gordon
- Excision Biotherapeutics, Inc., 499 Jackson Street, San Francisco, CA 94111, USA
| | - Stephane Grauzam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Basic Science Building, Room 310, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - James Dressman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Basic Science Building, Room 310, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Shohreh Amini
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Catherine M. Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Health System, The George Washington University, 7144 13th Place NW, Washington, DC 20012, USA
| | - Rafal Kaminski
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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9
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Franco EJ, Drusano GL, Hanrahan KC, Warfield KL, Brown AN. Combination Therapy with UV-4B and Molnupiravir Enhances SARS-CoV-2 Suppression. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051175. [PMID: 37243261 DOI: 10.3390/v15051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The host targeting antiviral, UV-4B, and the RNA polymerase inhibitor, molnupiravir, are two orally available, broad-spectrum antivirals that have demonstrated potent activity against SARS-CoV-2 as monotherapy. In this work, we evaluated the effectiveness of UV-4B and EIDD-1931 (molnupiravir's main circulating metabolite) combination regimens against the SARS-CoV-2 beta, delta, and omicron BA.2 variants in a human lung cell line. Infected ACE2 transfected A549 (ACE2-A549) cells were treated with UV-4B and EIDD-1931 both as monotherapy and in combination. Viral supernatant was sampled on day three when viral titers peaked in the no-treatment control arm, and levels of infectious virus were measured by plaque assay. The drug-drug effect interaction between UV-4B and EIDD-1931 was also defined using the Greco Universal Response Surface Approach (URSA) model. Antiviral evaluations demonstrated that treatment with UV-4B plus EIDD-1931 enhanced antiviral activity against all three variants relative to monotherapy. These results were in accordance with those obtained from the Greco model, as these identified the interaction between UV-4B and EIDD-1931 as additive against the beta and omicron variants and synergistic against the delta variant. Our findings highlight the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of UV-4B and EIDD-1931 combination regimens, and present combination therapy as a promising therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn J Franco
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - George L Drusano
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Kaley C Hanrahan
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | | | - Ashley N Brown
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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10
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Bennett JJ, Murphy PV. Flow chemistry based catalytic hydrogenation for improving the synthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) from an l-sorbose derived precursor. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108845. [PMID: 37210941 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) is a glycoprocessing inhibitor, and it serves as a synthetic precursor to two of three currently marketed iminosugar drugs, miglustat (N-butyl DNJ/Zavesca®) and miglitol (Glyset®). Herein a continuous flow procedure is presented that shortens a synthesis of 1-DNJ from an intermediate prepared from l-sorbose. Batch reactions involving an azide reduction, subsequent reductive amination-based cyclisation, and O-benzyl deprotection in a previous report required two steps and the use of an acid. Here, this sequence is achieved in one step using the H-Cube® MiniPlus continuous flow reactor. Subsequent reductive amination of 1-DNJ with butanal using the H-Cube® gave NB-DNJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack J Bennett
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, SSPC - The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
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11
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Margolin E, Schäfer G, Allen JD, Gers S, Woodward J, Sutherland AD, Blumenthal M, Meyers A, Shaw ML, Preiser W, Strasser R, Crispin M, Williamson AL, Rybicki EP, Chapman R. A plant-produced SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicits heterologous immunity in hamsters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146234. [PMID: 36959936 PMCID: PMC10028082 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular farming of vaccines has been heralded as a cheap, safe and scalable production platform. In reality, however, differences in the plant biosynthetic machinery, compared to mammalian cells, can complicate the production of viral glycoproteins. Remodelling the secretory pathway presents an opportunity to support key post-translational modifications, and to tailor aspects of glycosylation and glycosylation-directed folding. In this study, we applied an integrated host and glyco-engineering approach, NXS/T Generation™, to produce a SARS-CoV-2 prefusion spike trimer in Nicotiana benthamiana as a model antigen from an emerging virus. The size exclusion-purified protein exhibited a characteristic prefusion structure when viewed by transmission electron microscopy, and this was indistinguishable from the equivalent mammalian cell-produced antigen. The plant-produced protein was decorated with under-processed oligomannose N-glycans and exhibited a site occupancy that was comparable to the equivalent protein produced in mammalian cell culture. Complex-type glycans were almost entirely absent from the plant-derived material, which contrasted against the predominantly mature, complex glycans that were observed on the mammalian cell culture-derived protein. The plant-derived antigen elicited neutralizing antibodies against both the matched Wuhan and heterologous Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants in immunized hamsters, although titres were lower than those induced by the comparator mammalian antigen. Animals vaccinated with the plant-derived antigen exhibited reduced viral loads following challenge, as well as significant protection from SARS-CoV-2 disease as evidenced by reduced lung pathology, lower viral loads and protection from weight loss. Nonetheless, animals immunized with the mammalian cell-culture-derived protein were better protected in this challenge model suggesting that more faithfully reproducing the native glycoprotein structure and associated glycosylation of the antigen may be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Margolin
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Observatory, Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jeremy Woodward
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew D Sutherland
- Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Campus, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melissa Blumenthal
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Observatory, Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ann Meyers
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Megan L Shaw
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wolfgang Preiser
- Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University Tygerberg Campus, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Lise Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ros Chapman
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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12
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Tyrrell BE, Kumar A, Gangadharan B, Alonzi D, Brun J, Hill M, Bharucha T, Bosworth A, Graham V, Dowall S, Miller JL, Zitzmann N. Exploring the Potential of Iminosugars as Antivirals for Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus, Using the Surrogate Hazara Virus: Liquid-Chromatography-Based Mapping of Viral N-Glycosylation and In Vitro Antiviral Assays. Pathogens 2023; 12:399. [PMID: 36986321 PMCID: PMC10057787 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a pathogen of increasing public health concern, being a widely distributed arbovirus and the causative agent of the potentially fatal Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. Hazara virus (HAZV) is a genetically and serologically related virus that has been proposed as a surrogate for antiviral and vaccine testing for CCHFV. Glycosylation analysis of HAZV has been limited; first, we confirmed for the first time the occupation of two N-glycosylation sites in the HAZV glycoprotein. Despite this, there was no apparent antiviral efficacy of a panel of iminosugars against HAZV, as determined by quantification of the total secretion and infectious virus titres produced following infection of SW13 and Vero cells. This lack of efficacy was not due to an inability of deoxynojirimycin (DNJ)-derivative iminosugars to access and inhibit endoplasmic reticulum α-glucosidases, as demonstrated by free oligosaccharide analysis in uninfected and infected SW13 and uninfected Vero cells. Even so, iminosugars may yet have potential as antivirals for CCHFV since the positions and importance of N-linked glycans may differ between the viruses, a hypothesis requiring further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice E. Tyrrell
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Bevin Gangadharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Dominic Alonzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Juliane Brun
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Michelle Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Tehmina Bharucha
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Andrew Bosworth
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Victoria Graham
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Stuart Dowall
- UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Joanna L. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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13
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Karade SS, Franco EJ, Rojas AC, Hanrahan KC, Kolesnikov A, Yu W, MacKerell AD, Hill DC, Weber DJ, Brown AN, Treston AM, Mariuzza RA. Structure-Based Design of Potent Iminosugar Inhibitors of Endoplasmic Reticulum α-Glucosidase I with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2744-2760. [PMID: 36762932 PMCID: PMC10278443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Enveloped viruses depend on the host endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control (QC) machinery for proper glycoprotein folding. The endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) enzyme α-glucosidase I (α-GluI) is an attractive target for developing broad-spectrum antivirals. We synthesized 28 inhibitors designed to interact with all four subsites of the α-GluI active site. These inhibitors are derivatives of the iminosugars 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) and valiolamine. Crystal structures of ER α-GluI bound to 25 1-DNJ and three valiolamine derivatives revealed the basis for inhibitory potency. We established the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and used the Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation (SILCS) method to develop a model for predicting α-GluI inhibition. We screened the compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro to identify those with greater antiviral activity than the benchmark α-glucosidase inhibitor UV-4. These host-targeting compounds are candidates for investigation in animal models of SARS-CoV-2 and for testing against other viruses that rely on ERQC for correct glycoprotein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanbasappa S. Karade
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Evelyn J. Franco
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Ana C. Rojas
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Kaley C. Hanrahan
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Alexander Kolesnikov
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Wenbo Yu
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Alexander D. MacKerell
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | - David J. Weber
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ashley N. Brown
- Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Anthony M. Treston
- Emergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA
- Current address: Treadwell Therapeutics, Toronto M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Roy A. Mariuzza
- University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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14
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Swanson CB, Ford GJ, Mattey AP, Gourbeyre L, Flitsch SL. Biocatalytic Cascades toward Iminosugar Scaffolds Reveal Promiscuous Activity of Shikimate Dehydrogenases. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:103-108. [PMID: 36712485 PMCID: PMC9881201 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Iminosugar scaffolds are highly sought-after pharmaceutical targets, but their chemical synthesis is lengthy and can suffer from poor scalability and purification. Here we report protecting-group-free chemoenzymatic and biocatalytic cascades to synthesize iminosugars from sugar-derived aminopolyols in two steps. Using galactose oxidase variant F2 followed by a chemical or enzymatic reduction provided an efficient one-pot route to these targets, with product formation >70%. Key to success of this strategy was the application of genome mining, which identified bacterial shikimate dehydrogenases as promiscuous iminosugar reductases. The cell-free protocols allowed for isolation of highly polar iminosugar products from biotransformations in a single step through development of a gradient-elution cation exchange purification. The two-step pathway provides a short synthetic route that can be used as a cell-free platform for broader iminosugar synthesis.
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15
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Yeow K, Haarr MB, Muldoon J, O'Reilly E. Preparation of iminosugars from aminopolyols via selective oxidation using galactose oxidase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13640-13643. [PMID: 36409216 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04989a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Minimally protected aminopolyols are novel substrates for the galactose oxidase variant F2. Site-selective oxidation proceeds at the terminal primary alcohol, followed by spontaneous cyclisation to afford stable hemiaminal/hemiacetal anomers of the piperidine and azepane scaffolds, with isolated yields of up to 94%. Simultaneous deprotection and reduction occured readily to afford valuable and biologically relevant iminosugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Yeow
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Marianne B Haarr
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jimmy Muldoon
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elaine O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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16
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Shearer J, Wolfe G, Khaliq M, Kaufman B, Sampath A, Warfield KL, Ramstedt U, Treston A. Reproductive and developmental toxicology studies of iminosugar UV-4. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 114:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Abuduaini T, Li S, Roy V, Agrofoglio LA, Martin OR, Nicolas C. Tunable Approach to C-Linked Analogs of Glycosamines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13396-13405. [PMID: 36082689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of (1R)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-l-gulopyranosyl benzene and the α and β forms of 2-amino-2-deoxy-l-idopyranosyl benzene derivatives was accomplished through stereospecific addition of tributylstannyllithium to readily available (SR)- or (SS)-N-tert-butanesulfinyl-arabinofuranosylamine building blocks, followed by stereoretentive Pd-catalyzed Migita-Kosugi-Stille cross-coupling, stereoselective reduction, and an activation-cyclization strategy. Application of this methodology paves the way to new three-dimensional chemical space and preparation of unknown (non-natural) and complex 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars of biological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuniyazi Abuduaini
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Sizhe Li
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Roy
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Luigi A Agrofoglio
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Olivier R Martin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Cyril Nicolas
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR CNRS 7311, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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18
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Callahan M, Treston AM, Lin G, Smith M, Kaufman B, Khaliq M, Evans DeWald L, Spurgers K, Warfield KL, Lowe P, Duchars M, Sampath A, Ramstedt U. Randomized single oral dose phase 1 study of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of Iminosugar UV-4 Hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010636. [PMID: 35939501 PMCID: PMC9387934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
UV-4 (N-(9’-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin, also called MON-DNJ) is an iminosugar small-molecule oral drug candidate with in vitro antiviral activity against diverse viruses including dengue, influenza, and filoviruses and demonstrated in vivo efficacy against both dengue and influenza viruses. The antiviral mechanism of action of UV-4 is through inhibition of the host endoplasmic reticulum-resident α-glucosidase 1 and α-glucosidase 2 enzymes. This inhibition prevents proper glycan processing and folding of virus glycoproteins, thereby impacting virus assembly, secretion, and the fitness of nascent virions.
Methodology/Principal findings
Here we report a first-in-human, single ascending dose Phase 1a study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of UV-4 hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02061358). Sixty-four subjects received single oral doses of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt equivalent to 3, 10, 30, 90, 180, 360, 720, or 1000 mg of UV-4 (6 subjects per cohort), or placebo (2 subjects per cohort). Single doses of UV-4 hydrochloride were well tolerated with no serious adverse events or dose-dependent increases in adverse events observed. Clinical laboratory results, vital signs, and physical examination data did not reveal any safety signals. Dose-limiting toxicity was not observed; the maximum tolerated dose of UV-4 hydrochloride in humans has not yet been determined (>1000 mg). UV-4 was rapidly absorbed and distributed after dosing with the oral solution formulation used in this study. Median time to reach maximum plasma concentration ranged from 0.5–1 hour and appeared to be independent of dose. Exposure increased approximately in proportion with dose over the 333-fold dose range. UV-4 was quantifiable in pooled urine over the entire collection interval for all doses.
Conclusions/Significance
UV-4 is a host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate. At doses in humans up to 1000 mg there were no serious adverse events reported and no subjects were withdrawn from the study due to treatment-emergent adverse events. These data suggest that therapeutically relevant drug levels of UV-4 can be safely administered to humans and support further clinical development of UV-4 hydrochloride or other candidate antivirals in the iminosugar class.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02061358 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02061358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Callahan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony M. Treston
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Grace Lin
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marla Smith
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian Kaufman
- AbViro, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mansoora Khaliq
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa Evans DeWald
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin Spurgers
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly L. Warfield
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Preeya Lowe
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Duchars
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Aruna Sampath
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
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19
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Mesa JM, Comini MA, Dibello E, Gamenara D. Organocatalytic synthesis and anti‐trypanosomal activity evaluation of L‐pentofuranose‐mimetic iminosugars. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Mesa
- Universidad de la Republica Uruguay Organic chemistry department Gral. Flores 2124 11800 Montevideo URUGUAY
| | - Marcelo Alberto Comini
- Institut Pasteur Montevideo Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes Mataojo 2020 11400 Montevideo URUGUAY
| | - Estefania Dibello
- Universidad de la República Uruguay Departamento de Química Orgánica Gral. Flores 21 24 11800 Montevideo URUGUAY
| | - Daniela Gamenara
- Universidad de la Republica Facultad de Quimica Organic Chemistry Department Gral. Flores 2124 11800 Montevideo URUGUAY
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20
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Kato A, Nakagome I, Yoshimura K, Kanekiyo U, Kishida M, Shinzawa K, Lu TT, Li YX, Nash RJ, Fleet GWJ, Tanaka N, Yu CY. Introduction of C-alkyl branches to L-iminosugars changes their active site binding orientation. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7250-7260. [PMID: 35838176 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
L-ido-Deoxynojirimycin (L-ido-DNJ) itself showed no affinity for human lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA), whereas 5-C-methyl-L-ido-DNJ showed a strong affinity for GAA, comparable to the glucose analog DNJ, with a Ki value of 0.060 μM. This excellent affinity for GAA and enzyme stabilization was observed only when methyl and ethyl groups were introduced. Docking simulation analysis revealed that the alkyl chains of 5-C-alkyl-L-ido-DNJs were stored in three different pockets, depending on their length, thereby the molecular orientation was changed. Comparison of the binding poses of DNJ and 5-C-methyl-L-ido-DNJ showed that they formed a common ionic interaction with Asp404, Asp518, and Asp616, but both the binding orientation and the distance between the ligand and each amino acid residue were different. 5-C-Methyl-L-ido-DNJ dose-dependently increased intracellular GAA activity in Pompe patient fibroblasts with the M519V mutation and also promoted enzyme transport to lysosomes. This study provides the first example of a strategy to design high-affinity ligands by introducing alkyl branches into rare sugars and L-sugar-type iminosugars to change the orientation of binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Izumi Nakagome
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshimura
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Uta Kanekiyo
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Mana Kishida
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Kenta Shinzawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Tian-Tian Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Xian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Robert J Nash
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences/Phytoquest Limited, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - George W J Fleet
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nobutada Tanaka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Chu-Yi Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Herrera-González I, González-Cuesta M, García-Moreno MI, García Fernández JM, Ortiz Mellet C. Stereoselective Synthesis of Nojirimycin α- C-Glycosides from a Bicyclic Acyliminium Intermediate: A Convenient Entry to N, C-Biantennary Glycomimetics. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22394-22405. [PMID: 35811898 PMCID: PMC9260894 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the stereoselective synthesis of nojirimycin α-C-glycoside derivatives has been developed using a bicyclic carbamate-type sp2-iminosugar, whose preparation on a gram scale has been optimized, as the starting material. sp2-iminosugar O-glycosides or anomeric esters serve as excellent precursors of acyliminium cations, which can add nucleophiles, including C-nucleophiles. The stereochemical outcome of the reaction is governed by stereoelectronic effects, affording the target α-anomer with total stereoselectivity. Thus, the judicious combination of C-allylation, carbamate hydrolysis, cross-metathesis, and hydrogenation reactions provides a very convenient entry to iminosugar α-C-glycosides, which have been transformed into N,C-biantennary derivatives by reductive amination or thiourea-forming reactions. The thiourea adducts undergo intramolecular cyclization to bicyclic iminooxazolidine iminosugar α-C-glycosides upon acid treatment, broadening the opportunities for molecular diversity. A preliminary evaluation against a panel of commercial glycosidases validates the approach for finely tuning the inhibitory profile of glycomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Herrera-González
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel González-Cuesta
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M. Isabel García-Moreno
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Manuel García Fernández
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, C/Américo Vespucio 49,
Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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22
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2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-d-xylofuranose. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and crystallization of 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-d-xylofuranose permitted us to isolate the alpha anomer with a small contamination of the beta form (ca 10%), whose first crystallographic structure obtained in the P212121 space group was determined at 100 K up to a resolution of sin θmax/λ = 0.71 Å−1 and refined to an R1 value of 0.0171 with a Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR) approach.
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23
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Shearer J, Wolfe G, Sampath A, Warfield KL, Kaufman B, Ramstedt U, Treston A. Investigational New Drug Enabling Nonclinical Safety Pharmacology Assessment of the Iminosugar UV-4, a Broad-Spectrum Host-Targeted Antiviral Agent. Int J Toxicol 2022; 41:201-211. [PMID: 35227115 PMCID: PMC9156554 DOI: 10.1177/10915818211072842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
UV-4 (N-(9-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin) is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate with demonstrated activity in vitro and in vivo against multiple, diverse viruses. Nonclinical safety pharmacology studies were conducted to support the filing of an Investigational New Drug (IND) application. Preliminary in vitro pharmacology testing evaluating potential for binding to "off-target" receptors and enzymes indicated no significant liability for advanced development of UV-4. The safety pharmacology of UV-4 was evaluated in the in vitro human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) assay, in a central nervous system (CNS) study in the mouse (modified Irwin test), in a respiratory safety study in conscious mice using whole body plethysmography, and in a cardiovascular safety study in conscious, radiotelemetry-instrumented beagle dogs. There were no observed adverse treatment-related effects following administration of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt in the hERG potassium channel assay, on respiratory function, in the CNS study, or in the cardiovascular assessment. Treatment-related cardiovascular effect of decreased arterial pulse pressure after 50 or 200 mg of UV-4/kg was the only change outside the normal range, and all hemodynamic parameters returned to control levels by the end of the telemetry recording period. These nonclinical safety pharmacology assessments support the evaluation of this host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry Shearer
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879, USA (previously Unither Virology LLC, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA)
| | - Gary Wolfe
- Gary Wolfe Toxicology, LLC, Herndon, Virginia, 20170, USA
| | - Aruna Sampath
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879, USA (previously Unither Virology LLC, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA)
| | - Kelly L. Warfield
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879, USA (previously Unither Virology LLC, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA)
| | - Brian Kaufman
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879, USA (previously Unither Virology LLC, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA)
| | - Urban Ramstedt
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20879, USA (previously Unither Virology LLC, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA)
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24
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Ruocco V, Strasser R. Transient Expression of Glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1093. [PMID: 35448821 PMCID: PMC9033091 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic very dramatically shows that the world lacks preparedness for novel viral diseases. In addition to newly emerging viruses, many known pathogenic viruses such as influenza are constantly evolving, leading to frequent outbreaks with severe diseases and deaths. Hence, infectious viruses are a recurrent burden to our daily life, and powerful strategies to stop the spread of human pathogens and disease progression are of utmost importance. Transient plant-based protein expression is a technology that allows fast and highly flexible manufacturing of recombinant viral proteins and, thus, can contribute to infectious disease detection and prevention. This review highlights recent progress in the transient production of viral glycoproteins in N. benthamiana with a focus on SARS-CoV-2-derived viral antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria;
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25
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Shearer J, Wolfe G, Sampath A, Warfield KL, Kaufman B, Ramstedt U, Treston A. Investigational New Drug Enabling Nonclinical Safety Assessment of the Iminosugar UV-4, a Broad-Spectrum Host-Targeted Antiviral Agent. Int J Toxicol 2022; 41:182-200. [DOI: 10.1177/10915818221077225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The iminosugar UV-4 is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate with activity in vitro and in vivo against multiple, diverse viruses. The toxicological profile of UV-4, dosed as the hydrochloride salt, was evaluated in single-dose and repeat-dose oral toxicity studies in mice, rats, dogs, and non-human primates (NHP). No moribundity or deaths were associated with the drug up to the maximum tolerated dose. No treatment-related adverse effects were observed following single oral doses in dogs, rats, and mice up to 250, 400, 1000 mg/kg, respectively, and in NHP up to 180 mg/kg administered three times daily for 10 days. UV-4-related findings were generally seen at higher doses after 7- or 14-day exposure. The most common clinical pathology findings (increase in aspartate aminotransferase and decreased platelet count) were consistently found across species and each appeared dose related. The kidney, mesenteric lymph nodes, stomach including gastrointestinal tract, and thymus were identified as target organs in mice, rats, and dogs. In 14-day repeat-dose toxicology studies in mice and dogs conducted in compliance with Good Laboratory Practice regulations, the dog was considered to be the most sensitive species to UV-4 exposure based on the treatment-related adverse effects noted in the identified target organs. The results of these studies demonstrate the safety profile of UV-4 hydrochloride and supported the selection of starting and maximal doses for a single ascending dose first-in-human clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary Wolfe
- Gary Wolfe Toxicology, LLC, Herndon, VA, USA
| | - Aruna Sampath
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Dynavax Technologies Corporation, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian Kaufman
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- OncoC4, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Urban Ramstedt
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- AbViro, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anthony Treston
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Treadwell Therapeutics, Toronto, Canada
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26
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Dwek RA, Bell JI, Feldmann M, Zitzmann N. Host-targeting oral antiviral drugs to prevent pandemics. Lancet 2022; 399:1381-1382. [PMID: 35344736 PMCID: PMC8956295 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond A Dwek
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
| | - John I Bell
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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27
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Perera N, Brun J, Alonzi DS, Tyrrell BE, Miller JL, Zitzmann N. Antiviral effects of deoxynojirimycin (DNJ)-based iminosugars in dengue virus-infected primary dendritic cells. Antiviral Res 2022; 199:105269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Byrne AB, García CC, Damonte EB, Talarico LB. Murine models of dengue virus infection for novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:397-412. [PMID: 35098849 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2033205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of the most prevalent human disease transmitted by mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. At present, no antiviral drug is available and the difficulties to develop highly protective vaccines against the four DENV serotypes maintain the requirement of effective options for dengue chemotherapy. AREAS COVERED The availability of animal models that reproduce human disease is a very valuable tool for the preclinical evaluation of potential antivirals. Here, the main murine models of dengue infection are described, including immunocompetent wild-type mice, immunocompromised mice deficient in diverse components of the interferon (IFN) pathway and humanized mice. The main findings in antiviral testing of DENV inhibitory compounds in murine models are also presented. EXPERT OPINION At present, there is no murine model that fully recapitulates human disease. However, immunocompromised mice deficient in IFN-α/β and -γ receptors, with their limitations, have shown to be the most suitable system for antiviral preclinical testing. In fact, the AG129 mouse model allowed the identification of celgosivir, an inhibitor of cellular glucosidases, as a promising option for DENV therapy. However, clinical trials still were not successful, emphasizing the difficulties in the transition from preclinical testing to human treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana B Byrne
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología Molecular, Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cybele C García
- Laboratorio de Estrategias Antivirales, Departamento de Química Biológica-IQUIBICEN (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elsa B Damonte
- Laboratorio de Estrategias Antivirales, Departamento de Química Biológica-IQUIBICEN (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura B Talarico
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología Molecular, Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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29
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Caputo AT, Ibba R, Le Cornu JD, Darlot B, Hensen M, Lipp CB, Marcianò G, Vasiljević S, Zitzmann N, Roversi P. Crystal polymorphism in fragment-based lead discovery of ligands of the catalytic domain of UGGT, the glycoprotein folding quality control checkpoint. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:960248. [PMID: 36589243 PMCID: PMC9794592 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.960248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
None of the current data processing pipelines for X-ray crystallography fragment-based lead discovery (FBLD) consults all the information available when deciding on the lattice and symmetry (i.e., the polymorph) of each soaked crystal. Often, X-ray crystallography FBLD pipelines either choose the polymorph based on cell volume and point-group symmetry of the X-ray diffraction data or leave polymorph attribution to manual intervention on the part of the user. Thus, when the FBLD crystals belong to more than one crystal polymorph, the discovery pipeline can be plagued by space group ambiguity, especially if the polymorphs at hand are variations of the same lattice and, therefore, difficult to tell apart from their morphology and/or their apparent crystal lattices and point groups. In the course of a fragment-based lead discovery effort aimed at finding ligands of the catalytic domain of UDP-glucose glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), we encountered a mixture of trigonal crystals and pseudotrigonal triclinic crystals-with the two lattices closely related. In order to resolve that polymorphism ambiguity, we have written and described here a series of Unix shell scripts called CoALLA (crystal polymorph and ligand likelihood-based assignment). The CoALLA scripts are written in Unix shell and use autoPROC for data processing, CCP4-Dimple/REFMAC5 and BUSTER for refinement, and RHOFIT for ligand docking. The choice of the polymorph is effected by carrying out (in each of the known polymorphs) the tasks of diffraction data indexing, integration, scaling, and structural refinement. The most likely polymorph is then chosen as the one with the best structure refinement Rfree statistic. The CoALLA scripts further implement a likelihood-based ligand assignment strategy, starting with macromolecular refinement and automated water addition, followed by removal of the water molecules that appear to be fitting ligand density, and a final round of refinement after random perturbation of the refined macromolecular model, in order to obtain unbiased difference density maps for automated ligand placement. We illustrate the use of CoALLA to discriminate between H3 and P1 crystals used for an FBLD effort to find fragments binding to the catalytic domain of Chaetomium thermophilum UGGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro T. Caputo
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Roberta Ibba
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - James D. Le Cornu
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Benoit Darlot
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Hensen
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Colette B. Lipp
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Marcianò
- Biochemistry Department, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Snežana Vasiljević
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Biochemistry Department, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nicole Zitzmann, ; Pietro Roversi,
| | - Pietro Roversi
- IBBA-CNR Unit of Milano, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Milano, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nicole Zitzmann, ; Pietro Roversi,
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30
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Duczynski J, Raston CL, Stubbs KA. Exploiting angled thin film vortex microfluidics for expeditious syntheses of iminosugars. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23162-23168. [PMID: 36090411 PMCID: PMC9384806 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Iminosugars are important compounds in the area of carbohydrate-based therapeutics. A simple synthetic methodology utilizing the vortex fluidic thin film microfluidic reactor is effective in the synthesis of such compounds for diverse reaction types, with the optimal tilt angle of the reactor at 45° and the optimal rotational speed dependent on the nature of the liquid. Iminosugars are important compounds in the area of carbohydrate-based therapeutics. The vortex fluidic thin film microfluidic reactor is effective in the synthesis of such compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Duczynski
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Colin L. Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Keith A. Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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31
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Dhara D, Dhara A, Bennett J, Murphy PV. Cyclisations and Strategies for Stereoselective Synthesis of Piperidine Iminosugars. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2958-2979. [PMID: 34713557 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This personal account focuses on synthesis of polyhydroxylated piperidines, a subset of compounds within the iminosugar family. Cyclisations to form the piperidine ring include reductive amination, substitution via amines, iminium ions and cyclic nitrones, transamidification (N-acyl transfer), addition to alkenes, ring contraction and expansion, photoinduced electron transfer, multicomponent Ugi reaction and ring closing metathesis. Enantiomerically pure piperidines are obtained from chiral pool precursors (e. g. sugars, amino acids, Garner's aldehyde) or asymmetric reactions (e. g. epoxidation, dihydroxylation, aminohydroxylation, aldol, biotransformation). Our laboratory have contributed cascades based on reductive amination from glycosyl azide precursors as well as Huisgen azide-alkene cycloaddition. The latter's combination with allylic azide rearrangement has given substituted piperidines, including those with quaternary centres adjacent to nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Dhara
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.,Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, UMR 3523 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Ashis Dhara
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Jack Bennett
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.,SSPC - The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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32
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Abstract
Viruses are intracellular parasites that subvert the functions of their host cells to accomplish their infection cycle. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-residing chaperone proteins are central for the achievement of different steps of the viral cycle, from entry and replication to assembly and exit. The most abundant ER chaperones are GRP78 (78-kDa glucose-regulated protein), GRP94 (94-kDa glucose-regulated protein), the carbohydrate or lectin-like chaperones calnexin (CNX) and calreticulin (CRT), the protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs), and the DNAJ chaperones. This review will focus on the pleiotropic roles of ER chaperones during viral infection. We will cover their essential role in the folding and quality control of viral proteins, notably viral glycoproteins which play a major role in host cell infection. We will also describe how viruses co-opt ER chaperones at various steps of their infectious cycle but also in order to evade immune responses and avoid apoptosis. Finally, we will discuss the different molecules targeting these chaperones and the perspectives in the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.
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33
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Ferjancic Z, Saicic RN. Combining Organocatalyzed Aldolization and Reductive Amination: An Efficient Reaction Sequence for the Synthesis of Iminosugars. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Ferjancic
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Radomir N. Saicic
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Kneza Mihaila 35 11 000 Belgrade Serbia
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34
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Azad CS, Shukla P, Olson MA, Narula AK. Phosphinic Acid/
NaI
Mediated Reductive Cyclization Approach for Accessing the
L
‐1‐Deoxynojirimycin
Using a
Two‐Component Three‐Centered
(
2C3C
) Ugi Type Reaction. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S Azad
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
- “Hygeia”, Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16‐C, Dwarka New Delhi 110078 India
| | - Pratibha Shukla
- “Hygeia”, Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16‐C, Dwarka New Delhi 110078 India
| | - Mark A Olson
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Health Science Platform, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Anudeep K Narula
- “Hygeia”, Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Sector 16‐C, Dwarka New Delhi 110078 India
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35
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Uhrig ML, Mora Flores EW, Postigo A. Approaches to the Synthesis of Perfluoroalkyl-Modified Carbohydrates and Derivatives: Thiosugars, Iminosugars, and Tetrahydro(thio)pyrans. Chemistry 2021; 27:7813-7825. [PMID: 33462910 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroalkyl-substituted carbohydrates play relevant roles in diverse areas such as supramolecular chemistry, glycoconjugation, liquid crystals, and surfactants, with direct applications as wetting, antifreeze, and coating agents. In light of these promising applications, new methodologies for the late-stage incorporation of fluoroalkyl RF groups into carbohydrates and derivatives are herein presented as they are relevant to the synthetic carbohydrate community. Previously reviewed protocols for the installation of RF groups onto carbohydrates and derivatives will be succinctly summarized in the light of the new achievements. Fluoroalkyl-substituted iminosugars, on the other hand, are also interesting glycomimetic derivatives with prominent roles as glycosidases and glycosyltransferases inhibitors, as has recently been demonstrated. Also, they positively contribute to the study of sugar-protein interactions and enzyme mechanisms. New advances in the syntheses of fluoroalkyl-substituted iminosugars will also be presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Uhrig
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias ExactasyNaturales, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EG, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CP1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Erwin W Mora Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, CP1113-, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Junín 954, CP1113-, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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36
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Clarke EC, Nofchissey RA, Ye C, Bradfute SB. The iminosugars celgosivir, castanospermine and UV-4 inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. Glycobiology 2021; 31:378-384. [PMID: 32985653 PMCID: PMC7543591 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge for health care and the global economy. Repurposing drugs that have shown promise in inhibiting other viral infections could allow for more rapid dispensation of urgently needed therapeutics. The Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is extensively glycosylated with 22 occupied N glycan sites and is required for viral entry. In other glycosylated viral proteins, glycosylation is required for interaction with calnexin and chaperone-mediated folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, and prevention of this interaction leads to unfolded viral proteins and thus inhibits viral replication. As such, we investigated two iminosugars, celgosivir, a prodrug of castanospermine, and UV-4, or N-(9-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin, a deoxynojirimycin derivative. Iminosugars are known inhibitors of the α-glucosidase I and II enzymes and were effective at inhibiting authentic SARS-CoV-2 viral replication in a cell culture system. Celgosivir prevented SARS-CoV-2-induced cell death and reduced viral replication and Spike protein levels in a dose-dependent manner in culture with Vero E6 cells. Castanospermine, the active form of celgosivir, was also able to inhibit SARS-CoV-2, confirming the canonical castanospermine mechanism of action of celgosivir. The monocyclic UV-4 also prevented SARS-CoV-2-induced death and reduced viral replication after 24 h of treatment, although the reduction in viral copies was lost after 48 h. Our findings suggest that iminosugars should be urgently investigated as potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Clarke
- MSC10 5550 Department of Internal Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Robert A Nofchissey
- MSC10 5550 Department of Internal Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Chunyan Ye
- MSC10 5550 Department of Internal Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Steven B Bradfute
- MSC10 5550 Department of Internal Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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37
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De Fenza M, Esposito A, D’Alonzo D, Guaragna A. Synthesis of Piperidine Nucleosides as Conformationally Restricted Immucillin Mimics. Molecules 2021; 26:1652. [PMID: 33809603 PMCID: PMC8001838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The de novo synthesis of piperidine nucleosides from our homologating agent 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin is herein reported. The structure and conformation of nucleosides were conceived to faithfully resemble the well-known nucleoside drugs Immucillins H and A in their bioactive conformation. NMR analysis of the synthesized compounds confirmed that they adopt an iminosugar conformation bearing the nucleobases and the hydroxyl groups in the appropriate orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Fenza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.F.); (A.E.); (D.D.)
| | - Anna Esposito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.F.); (A.E.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniele D’Alonzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.F.); (A.E.); (D.D.)
| | - Annalisa Guaragna
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Serbian I, Prell E, Fischer C, Deigner HP, Csuk R. n-Propyl 6-amino-2,6-dideoxy-2,2-difluoro-β-d-glucopyranoside is a good inhibitor for the β-galactosidase from E. coli. Med Chem Res 2021; 30:1099-1107. [PMID: 33716475 PMCID: PMC7934981 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A convenient route has been developed for the synthesis of novel 6-amino-2,2-(or 3,3-difluoro)-2-(or 3),6-dideoxy-hexopyranoses. Biological screening showed these compounds as good inhibitors for several glycosidases. Especially n-propyl 6-amino-2,6-dideoxy-2,2-difluoro-β-d-glucopyranoside (8) was an excellent competitive inhibitor for the β-galactosidase from E. coli holding a Ki of 0.50 μM. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Immo Serbian
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes_Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Erik Prell
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Section of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube Str. 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Claudia Fischer
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes_Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes_Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Lumbroso A, Berthonneau C, Beaudet I, Quintard JP, Planchat A, García-Moreno MI, Ortiz Mellet C, Le Grognec E. A versatile stereocontrolled synthesis of 2-deoxyiminosugar C-glycosides and their evaluation as glycosidase inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1083-1099. [PMID: 33427829 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02249g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective synthesis of (R,S) or (S,S)-2,6-disubstituted dehydropiperidines has been previously achieved through Sn/Li transmetalation of the corresponding stannylated dehydropiperidines or of their precursors. Herein, we successively consider their Upjohn's syn dihydroxylation and their anti-dihydroxylation via an epoxidation reaction followed by epoxide opening reaction. The stereochemical course of these reactions was first reported including the use of appropriate protecting groups before considering the conversion of the obtained compounds into NH or NMe iminosugar hydrochlorides. A primary evaluation of the designed iminosugar C-glycosides as glycosidase inhibitors suggests candidates for the selective inhibition of α-galactosidase, amyloglycosidase and naringinase. Beyond the reported results, the method constitutes a highly modulable route for the synthesis of well stereodefined iminosugar C-glycosides, an advantage which might be used for the design of iminosugars to enhance their biological properties.
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40
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Klunda T, Hricovíni M, Šesták S, Kóňa J, Poláková M. Selective Golgi α-mannosidase II inhibitors: N-alkyl substituted pyrrolidines with a basic functional group. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01176f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic assays, molecular modeling and NMR studies of novel 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-lyxitols provided new information on the GH38 family enzyme inhibitors and their selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Klunda
- Institute of Chemistry
- Center for Glycomics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- SK-845 38 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Michal Hricovíni
- Institute of Chemistry
- Center for Glycomics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- SK-845 38 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Sergej Šesták
- Institute of Chemistry
- Center for Glycomics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- SK-845 38 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kóňa
- Institute of Chemistry
- Center for Glycomics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- SK-845 38 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Monika Poláková
- Institute of Chemistry
- Center for Glycomics
- Slovak Academy of Sciences
- SK-845 38 Bratislava
- Slovakia
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41
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Nunes-Santos CJ, Kuehn HS, Rosenzweig SD. N-Glycan Modification in Covid-19 Pathophysiology: In vitro Structural Changes with Limited Functional Effects. J Clin Immunol 2020; 41:335-344. [PMID: 33245474 PMCID: PMC7691692 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In 2014, we reported two siblings with a rare congenital disorder of glycosylation due to mutations in mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase (MOGS). The glycan alteration derived from this disease resulted in an in vitro infection resistance to particular enveloped, N-glycosylation-dependent viruses as influenza and HIV. As part of the global effort to find safe and effective antiviral therapies for Covid-19, we assessed the in vitro activity of the FDA-approved α-glucosidase inhibitor miglustat against SARS-CoV-2. Expression plasmids encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and human ACE2 glycoproteins (GP) were tested to evaluate N-glycan modifications induced by α-glucosidase inhibition. Immunoprecipitation was used to assess binding between these two GP. Cell-to-cell fusion was assessed by immunofluorescence of cocultures of SARS-CoV-2 S and ACE2-expressing cells. Miglustat effect on immune response was tested by measuring cytokine release from PBMC exposed to purified SARS-CoV-2 S. In our overexpression system, miglustat successfully and specifically modified N-glycans in both SARS-CoV-2 S and its main receptor ACE2. Binding between these two GP was not affected by glycan modifications. A surrogate marker for viral cytopathic effect, measured as receptor-dependent SARS-CoV-2 S-driven cell-to-cell fusion, was not disrupted by miglustat treatment. This observation was further confirmed in MOGS-null transfected cells. Miglustat produced no statistically significant effects on cytokine production following SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein stimulation of PBMC. Our work shows that despite clear N-glycan alteration in the presence of miglustat, the functions of the Covid-19-related glycoproteins studied were not affected, making it unlikely that miglustat can change the natural course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane J Nunes-Santos
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr., Bldg 10, Rm. 2C410F, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hye Sun Kuehn
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr., Bldg 10, Rm. 2C410F, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr., Bldg 10, Rm. 2C410F, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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42
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Esposito A, D’Alonzo D, D’Errico S, De Gregorio E, Guaragna A. Toward the Identification of Novel Antimicrobial Agents: One-Pot Synthesis of Lipophilic Conjugates of N-Alkyl d- and l-Iminosugars. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E572. [PMID: 33228211 PMCID: PMC7699595 DOI: 10.3390/md18110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the effort to improve the antimicrobial activity of iminosugars, we report the synthesis of lipophilic iminosugars 10a-b and 11a-b based on the one-pot conjugation of both enantiomeric forms of N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NBDNJ) and N-nonyloxypentyldeoxynojirimycin (NPDNJ) with cholesterol and a succinic acid model linker. The conjugation reaction was tuned using the established PS-TPP/I2/ImH activating system, which provided the desired compounds in high yields (94-96%) by a one-pot procedure. The substantial increase in the lipophilicity of 10a-b and 11a-b is supposed to improve internalization within the bacterial cell, thereby potentially leading to enhanced antimicrobial properties. However, assays are currently hampered by solubility problems; therefore, alternative administration strategies will need to be devised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Esposito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniele D’Alonzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (D.D.)
| | - Stefano D’Errico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Eliana De Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Guaragna
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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43
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Li S, Jaszczyk J, Pannecoucke X, Poisson T, Martin OR, Nicolas C. Stereospecific Synthesis of Glycoside Mimics Through Migita‐Kosugi‐Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Chemically and Configurationally Stable 1‐
C
‐Tributylstannyl Iminosugars. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sizhe Li
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311 Université d'Orléans et CNRS Rue de Chartres, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
| | - Justyna Jaszczyk
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311 Université d'Orléans et CNRS Rue de Chartres, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038 Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038 Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint-Aignan Cedex France
- Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes 75231 Paris France
| | - Olivier R. Martin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311 Université d'Orléans et CNRS Rue de Chartres, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
| | - Cyril Nicolas
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique UMR 7311 Université d'Orléans et CNRS Rue de Chartres, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 2 France
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44
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide since its first incidence in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Although the case fatality rate of COVID-19 appears to be lower than that of SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the higher transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 has caused the total fatality to surpass other viral diseases, reaching more than 1 million globally as of October 6, 2020. The rate at which the disease is spreading calls for a therapy that is useful for treating a large population. Multiple intersecting viral and host factor targets involved in the life cycle of the virus are being explored. Because of the frequent mutations, many coronaviruses gain zoonotic potential, which is dependent on the presence of cell receptors and proteases, and therefore the targeting of the viral proteins has some drawbacks, as strain-specific drug resistance can occur. Moreover, the limited number of proteins in a virus makes the number of available targets small. Although SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 share common mechanisms of entry and replication, there are substantial differences in viral proteins such as the spike (S) protein. In contrast, targeting cellular factors may result in a broader range of therapies, reducing the chances of developing drug resistance. In this Review, we discuss the role of primary host factors such as the cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), cellular proteases of S protein priming, post-translational modifiers, kinases, inflammatory cells, and their pharmacological intervention in the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Mathew Tharappel
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar Samrat
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Zhong Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Hongmin Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, USA
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45
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Structure of human endo-α-1,2-mannosidase (MANEA), an antiviral host-glycosylation target. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29595-29601. [PMID: 33154157 PMCID: PMC7703563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013620117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian protein N-linked glycosylation is critical for glycoprotein folding, quality control, trafficking, recognition, and function. N-linked glycans are synthesized from Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 precursors that are trimmed and modified in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus by glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases. Endo-α-1,2-mannosidase (MANEA) is the sole endo-acting glycoside hydrolase involved in N-glycan trimming and is located within the Golgi, where it allows ER-escaped glycoproteins to bypass the classical N-glycosylation trimming pathway involving ER glucosidases I and II. There is considerable interest in the use of small molecules that disrupt N-linked glycosylation as therapeutic agents for diseases such as cancer and viral infection. Here we report the structure of the catalytic domain of human MANEA and complexes with substrate-derived inhibitors, which provide insight into dynamic loop movements that occur on substrate binding. We reveal structural features of the human enzyme that explain its substrate preference and the mechanistic basis for catalysis. These structures have inspired the development of new inhibitors that disrupt host protein N-glycan processing of viral glycans and reduce the infectivity of bovine viral diarrhea and dengue viruses in cellular models. These results may contribute to efforts aimed at developing broad-spectrum antiviral agents and help provide a more in-depth understanding of the biology of mammalian glycosylation.
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46
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Domingues M, Jaszczyk J, Ismael MI, Figueiredo JA, Daniellou R, Lafite P, Schuler M, Tatibouët A. Conformationally Restricted Oxazolidin‐2‐one Fused Bicyclic Iminosugars as Potential Glycosidase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Domingues
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
- Departamento de Química Unidade I&D FibEnTech da Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama 6201‐001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Justyna Jaszczyk
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
| | - Maria Isabel Ismael
- Departamento de Química Unidade I&D FibEnTech da Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama 6201‐001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - José Albertino Figueiredo
- Departamento de Química Unidade I&D FibEnTech da Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama 6201‐001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Richard Daniellou
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
| | - Pierre Lafite
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
| | - Marie Schuler
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
| | - Arnaud Tatibouët
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) Université d'Orléans CNRS‐UMR 7311, BP 6759 45067 Orléans cedex 02 France
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47
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N-Alkylated Iminosugar Based Ligands: Synthesis and Inhibition of Human Lysosomal β-Glucocerebrosidase. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204618. [PMID: 33050585 PMCID: PMC7594070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The scope of a series of N-alkylated iminosugar based inhibitors in the d-gluco as well as d-xylo configuration towards their interaction with human lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase has been evaluated. A versatile synthetic toolbox has been developed for the synthesis of N-alkylated iminosugar scaffolds conjugated to a variety of terminal groups via a benzoic acid ester linker. The terminal groups such as nitrile, azide, alkyne, nonafluoro-tert-butyl and amino substituents enable follow-up chemistry as well as visualisation experiments. All compounds showed promising inhibitory properties as well as selectivities for β-glucosidases, some exhibiting activities in the low nanomolar range for β-glucocerebrosidase.
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48
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De Gregorio E, Esposito A, Vollaro A, De Fenza M, D’Alonzo D, Migliaccio A, Iula VD, Zarrilli R, Guaragna A. N-Nonyloxypentyl-l-Deoxynojirimycin Inhibits Growth, Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factors Expression of Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E362. [PMID: 32604791 PMCID: PMC7344813 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of hospital- and community-associated bacterial infections throughout the world, which are difficult to treat due to the rising number of drug-resistant strains. New molecules displaying potent activity against this bacterium are urgently needed. In this study, d- and l-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and a small library of their N-alkyl derivatives were screened against S. aureus ATCC 29213, with the aim to identify novel candidates with inhibitory potential. Among them, N-nonyloxypentyl-l-DNJ (l-NPDNJ) proved to be the most active compound against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and its clinical isolates, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 128 μg/mL. l-NPDNJ also displayed an additive effect with gentamicin and oxacillin against the gentamicin- and methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolate 00717. Sub-MIC values of l-NPDNJ affected S. aureus biofilm development in a dose-dependent manner, inducing a strong reduction in biofilm biomass. Moreover, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR analysis revealed that l-NPDNJ effectively inhibited at sub-MIC values the transcription of the spa, hla, hlb and sea virulence genes, as well as the agrA and saeR response regulator genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana De Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Anna Esposito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (M.D.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Adriana Vollaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria De Fenza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (M.D.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniele D’Alonzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (M.D.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Antonella Migliaccio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Vita Dora Iula
- Complex Operative Unit of Clinical Pathology, “Ospedale del Mare-ASL NA1 Centro”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Zarrilli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Annalisa Guaragna
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.E.); (M.D.F.); (D.D.)
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49
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Harit VK, Ramesh NG. A common strategy towards the synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-xylitol, deacetyl (+)-anisomycin and amino-substituted piperidine iminosugars. Carbohydr Res 2020; 492:107988. [PMID: 32387805 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.107988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A strategy towards the synthesis of three different target molecules, namely 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-xylitol, deacetyl (+)-anisomycin and amino-substituted piperidine iminosugars, molecules of potential biological and medicinal significance, is reported from a common amino-vicinal diol intermediate derived from tri-O-benzyl-d-glucal. Construction of the key pyrrolidine ring present in 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-xylitol and (+)-anisomycin was a consequence of thermodynamically driven concomitant intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction of the amino group to the resultant aldehyde obtained by oxidative cleavage of the amino-vicinal diol. Alternatively, double nucleophilic substitution on an amino-diol, after mesylation, with various amines delivered amino-substituted piperidine iminosugars in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Kant Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Namakkal G Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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50
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Synthesis and Therapeutic Applications of Iminosugars in Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093353. [PMID: 32397443 PMCID: PMC7247015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iminosugars are sugar analogues endowed with a high pharmacological potential. The wide range of biological activities exhibited by these glycomimetics associated with their excellent drug profile make them attractive therapeutic candidates for several medical interventions. The ability of iminosugars to act as inhibitors or enhancers of carbohydrate-processing enzymes suggests their potential use as therapeutics for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). Herein we review the most relevant advances in the field, paying attention to both the chemical synthesis of the iminosugars and their biological evaluations, resulting from in vitro and in vivo assays. Starting from the example of the marketed drug NBDNJ (N-butyl deoxynojirimycin), a variety of iminosugars have exhibited the capacity to rescue the trafficking of F508del-CFTR (deletion of F508 residue in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator), either alone or in combination with other correctors. Interesting results have also been obtained when iminosugars were considered as anti-inflammatory agents in CF lung disease. The data herein reported demonstrate that iminosugars hold considerable potential to be applied for both therapeutic purposes.
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