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Rostant L, Agard J, Devenish-Nelson E, Beddoe L, Nathai-Gyan N, Nelson H. Density of red-brocket deer ( Mazama americana trinitatis cetartiodactyla: cervidae) on the continental island of Trinidad, WI. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2023.2177004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Rostant
- Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - J. Agard
- Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - E. Devenish-Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L. Beddoe
- Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago
| | | | - H. Nelson
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Fauna and Flora International, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Dinçtürk E, Öndes F, Leria L, Maldonado M. Mass mortality of the keratose sponge Sarcotragus foetidus in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) correlates with proliferation of Vibrio bacteria in the tissues. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1272733. [PMID: 38107859 PMCID: PMC10722426 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1272733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, episodes of mass mortality in benthic communities have often been associated with climatic anomalies, but the ultimate mechanisms through which they lead to death have rarely been identified. This study reports a mass mortality of wild sponges in the Aegean Sea (Turkey, Eastern Mediterranean), which affected the keratose demosponge Sarcotragus foetidus in September 2021. We examined the occurrence of thermo-dependent bacteria of the genus Vibrio in the sponges, identified through 16S rRNA of colonies isolated from sponge tissue in specific culturing media. Six Vibrio sequences were identified from the sponges, three of them being putatively pathogenic (V. fortis, V. owensii, V. gigantis). Importantly, those Vibrios were isolated from only tissues of diseased sponges. In contrast, healthy individuals sampled in both summer and winter led to no Vibrio growth in laboratory cultures. A 50 years record of sea surface temperature (SST) data for the study area reveals a progressive increase in temperature from 1970 to 2021, with values above 24°C from May to September 2021, reaching an absolute historical maximum of 28.9°C in August 2021. We hypothesize that such elevated SST values maintained for several months in 2021 promoted proliferation of pathogenic Vibrio species (thermo-dependent bacteria) in S. foetidus, triggering or aggravating the course of sponge disease. Thus, vibrioisis emerges as one of the putative mechanisms through which global water warming in the Mediterranean Sea translates into sponge mortality. The historical time course of temperature data for the studied area in the Aegean Sea predicts that recurrent waves of elevated SST are likely to occur in the coming summers. If so, recurrent disease may eventually eliminate this abundant sponge from the sublittoral in the midterm, altering the original bathymetric distribution of the species and compromising its ecological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Dinçtürk
- Fish Disease and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Fikret Öndes
- Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Laia Leria
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Girona, Spain
| | - Manuel Maldonado
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Girona, Spain
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3
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Koops K, Humle T, Frandsen P, Fitzgerald M, D'Auvergne L, Jackson HA, Børsting C, Siegismund HR, Soumah AG, Hvilsom C. Genetics as a novel tool in mining impact assessment and biomonitoring of critically endangered western chimpanzees in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathelijne Koops
- Ape Behaviour & Ecology Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Archaeology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Tatyana Humle
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Kent UK
| | - Peter Frandsen
- Research and Conservation Copenhagen Zoo Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Maegan Fitzgerald
- Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Lucy D'Auvergne
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Kent UK
| | - Hazel A. Jackson
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Kent UK
| | - Claus Børsting
- Department of Forensic Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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4
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Moll RJ, Butler AR, Poisson MKP, Tate P, Bergeron DH, Ellingwood MR. Monitoring mesocarnivores with tracks and technology using multi‐method modeling. J Wildl Manage 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Remington J. Moll
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire 56 College Road Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Andrew R. Butler
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire 56 College Road Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Mairi K. P. Poisson
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire 56 College Road Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Patrick Tate
- New Hampshire Fish & Game Department 225 Main Street Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - Daniel H. Bergeron
- New Hampshire Fish & Game Department 11 Hazen Drive Concord NH 03301 USA
| | - Mark R. Ellingwood
- New Hampshire Fish & Game Department 11 Hazen Drive Concord NH 03301 USA
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5
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Wessling EG, Surbeck M. Failure to account for behavioral variability significantly compromises accuracy in indirect population monitoring. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Wessling
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of St Andrews St Andrews UK
| | - M. Surbeck
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany
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6
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Kifle Z, Bekele A. Effect of human disturbance on the group size and population structure of geladas (Theropithecus gelada) in and surrounding area of Borena Sayint National Park, Ethiopia. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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7
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Gaya HE, Smith LL, Moore CT. Accounting for spatial heterogeneity in visual obstruction in line‐transect distance sampling of gopher tortoises. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather E. Gaya
- Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia 180 E. Green Street Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Lora L. Smith
- Jones Center at Ichauway 3988 Jones Center Drive Newton GA 39870 USA
| | - Clinton T. Moore
- U.S. Geological Survey, Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia 180 E. Green Street Athens GA 30605 USA
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8
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Kifle Z, Beehner JC. Distribution and diversity of primates and threats to their survival in the Awi Zone, northwestern Ethiopia. Primates 2022; 63:637-645. [PMID: 36018444 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-022-01010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation affect the diversity and distribution of primates in a human-modified landscape. Ethiopia has a high diversity of primates, but increasing human pressure has negatively impacted their distribution and abundance across the country, primarily due to deforestation. To date, the diversity and distribution of primate species are poorly known in northwestern Ethiopia. From October 2020 until September 2021, we assessed the diversity and distribution of primate species in 26 forest patches in the Awi Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia using line transect surveys, and we examined the potential conservation threats to the survival of these taxa. Across transects, we encountered 459 groups of four primate taxa: olive baboons (Papio anubis), grivet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops), Boutourlini's blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii), and black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza spp. guereza). The latter two are endemic to Ethiopia. We observed black-and-white colobus monkeys in all surveyed forest patches, while we observed Boutourlini's blue monkeys in 18 patches. Black-and-white colobus monkeys were the most frequently observed (n = 325 sighting; relative encounter frequency = 70.8%), while grivet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) were the least (n = 34 sighting; relative encounter frequency = 7.4%) in the region. Similarly, the relative encounter frequency of olive baboons was 9.2% (n = 42 sighting). The overall mean group size for each species was: Boutourlini's blue monkeys (26.1 individuals), black-and-white colobus monkeys (8.8 individuals), grivet monkeys (34.1 individuals), and olive baboons (41.4 individuals). We identified agricultural expansions, exotic tree plantations, deforestations, firewood collections, livestock grazing, and killings over their crop-feeding behaviors as the main threats to primates and their habitats in the region. This study provides crucial information on an area likely to support primate species that we know very little about. Assigning protected connecting forest patches should be an urgent priority for the conservation of the primates in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewdu Kifle
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Jacinta C Beehner
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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9
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Esbach MS, Patra RK. Distance sampling from curving transects in dense tropical forests. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Esbach
- High Meadows Environmental Institute Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Rohit K. Patra
- Department of Statistics University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
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10
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Identification and Counting of European Souslik Burrows from UAV Images by Pixel-Based Image Analysis and Random Forest Classification: A Simple, Semi-Automated, yet Accurate Method for Estimating Population Size. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14092025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Burrowing mammals such as European sousliks are widespread and contribute significantly to soil ecosystem services. However, they have declined across their range and the non-invasive estimation of their actual population size has remained a challenge. Results support that the number of burrow entrances is positively correlated with population abundance, and burrow locations indicate the occupied area. We present an imagery-based method to identify and count animals’ burrows semi-automatically by combining remotely recorded red, green, and blue (RGB) images, pixel-based imagery, and random forest (RF) classification. Field images were collected for four colonies, then combined and processed by histogram matching and spectral band normalization to improve the spectral distinctions among the categories BURROW, SOIL, TREE, and GRASS. The accuracy indexes of classification for BURROW kappa (κ) were 95% (precision) and 90% (sensitivity). A 10-iteration bootstrapping of the final model resulted in coefficients of variation (CV%) of BURROW κ for sensitivity and precision lower than 5%; moreover, CV% values were not significantly different between those scores. The consistency of classification and balanced precision and sensitivity confirmed the applicability of this approach. Our approach provides an accurate, user-friendly, and relatively simple approach to count the number of burrow openings, estimate population abundance, and delineate the areas of occupancy non-invasively.
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11
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Brownlee MB, Warbington CH, Boyce MS. Monitoring sitatunga (
Tragelaphus spekii
) populations using camera traps. Afr J Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan B. Brownlee
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | | | - Mark S. Boyce
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
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12
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Hart AG, Dawson M, Fourie R, MacTavish L, Goodenough AE. Comparing the effectiveness of camera trapping, driven transects and ad hoc records for surveying nocturnal mammals against a known species assemblage. COMMUNITY ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-021-00070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Braga‐Pereira F, Morcatty TQ, El Bizri HR, Tavares AS, Mere‐Roncal C, González‐Crespo C, Bertsch C, Rodriguez CR, Bardales‐Alvites C, von Mühlen EM, Bernárdez‐Rodríguez GF, Paim FP, Tamayo JS, Valsecchi J, Gonçalves J, Torres‐Oyarce L, Lemos LP, Vieira MAR, Bowler M, Gilmore MP, Perez NCA, Alves RR, Peres CA, Pérez‐Peña P, Mayor P. Congruence of local ecological knowledge (LEK)‐based methods and line‐transect surveys in estimating wildlife abundance in tropical forests. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franciany Braga‐Pereira
- Departamento de Ecologia e Sistemática Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Department de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Thais Q. Morcatty
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga Tefé Brazil
| | - Hani R. El Bizri
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga Tefé Brazil
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica (COMFAUNA) Iquitos Peru
| | - Aline S. Tavares
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas das Cidades da Amazônia Brasileira Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus Brazil
| | - Carla Mere‐Roncal
- School of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University Fairfax VA USA
| | - Carlos González‐Crespo
- Department de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Carolina Bertsch
- Laboratório de Manejo de Fauna Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Manaus Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo M. von Mühlen
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil
- Instituto Juruá Manaus Brazil
| | | | | | - Jhancy Segura Tamayo
- Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado (SERNANP) Urbanización Palomar Calle Lima Peru
| | - João Valsecchi
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga Tefé Brazil
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica (COMFAUNA) Iquitos Peru
| | - Jonas Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Manejo de Fauna Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) Manaus Brazil
- Secretaria Executiva de Ciência Tecnologia e Inovação (SECTI/SEDECTI) Governo do Amazonas Manaus Brazil
| | | | - Lísley Pereira Lemos
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga Tefé Brazil
| | - Marina A. R. Vieira
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia (REDEFAUNA) Manaus Brazil
- RIVERS ERC Project Departamento de Ciencias Sociales Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Getafe (Madrid) Spain
| | - Mark Bowler
- School of Engineering, Arts, Science and Technology University of Suffolk Ipswich UK
| | - Michael P. Gilmore
- School of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University Fairfax VA USA
| | | | - Rômulo Romeu Alves
- Departamento de Ecologia e Sistemática Universidade Federal da Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
- Laboratory of Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Campina Grande Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- Instituto Juruá Manaus Brazil
- School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK
| | - Pedro Pérez‐Peña
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Iquitos Peru
| | - Pedro Mayor
- Department de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica (COMFAUNA) Iquitos Peru
- Museo de Culturas Indígenas Amazónicas Iquitos Peru
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in Amazonia (PPGSPAA) Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA) Belém Brazil
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14
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Meier AC, Shirley MH, Beirne C, Breuer T, Lewis M, Masseloux J, Jasperse‐Sjolander L, Todd A, Poulsen JR. Improving population estimates of difficult‐to‐observe species: A dung decay model for forest elephants with remotely sensed imagery. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Meier
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - M. H. Shirley
- Institute of Environment Florida International University North Miami FL USA
| | - C. Beirne
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - T. Breuer
- World Wide Fund for Nature Germany Berlin Germany
| | - M. Lewis
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - J. Masseloux
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
| | | | - A. Todd
- Fauna and Flora International Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - J. R. Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
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15
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Swayne's hartebeest in Ethiopia: population estimate, genetic variability and competition with livestock. ORYX 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0030605320000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Swayne's hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei was once widely distributed in the Horn of Africa. By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we estimated the size and genetic diversity of these two remaining populations, with a particular focus on competition with livestock. We used a total block count method for both Swayne's hartebeest and livestock population counts, and faecal samples for a population genetic analysis. We estimated the total population of Swayne's hartebeest to be 1,528, with 518 individuals in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 1,010 individuals in Maze National Park. Livestock densities were 212 and 153 times those of Swayne's hartebeest in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and Maze National Park, respectively. Among 73 mitochondrial D-loop sequences (34 from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 39 from Maze National Park), we found 22 haplotypes (Senkele 12, Maze 16, shared 6). Population genetic parameters suggest only weak sub-structuring between the two populations (FST = 0.164). Despite the positive population trends in both protected areas, the spatial overlap with livestock may lead to future population decline as a result of resource competition and disease transmission. We therefore recommend further translocation to other protected areas within the species’ former range.
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Zwerts JA, Stephenson PJ, Maisels F, Rowcliffe M, Astaras C, Jansen PA, Waarde J, Sterck LEHM, Verweij PA, Bruce T, Brittain S, Kuijk M. Methods for wildlife monitoring in tropical forests: Comparing human observations, camera traps, and passive acoustic sensors. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joeri A. Zwerts
- Ecology and Biodiversity Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- Animal Behaviour & Cognition Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - P. J. Stephenson
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Fiona Maisels
- Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling FK9 4LA UK
- Global Conservation Program Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx New York USA
| | | | | | - Patrick A. Jansen
- Department of Environmental Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama Republic of Panama
| | | | | | - Pita A. Verweij
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bruce
- Zoological Society of London Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon
- James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Stephanie Brittain
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science (ICCS), Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Marijke Kuijk
- Ecology and Biodiversity Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
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17
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Niang A, Ndiaye PI. A large mammal survey in Koyli Alpha Community Wildlife Reserve and its surroundings in the Great Green Wall extension area in Senegal. JOURNAL OF THREATENED TAXA 2021. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.6890.13.9.19223-19231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife in the Great Green Wall (GGW) area, northern Senegal, is threatened by the cumulative effects of anthropogenic activities, drought, and climatic changes. To support conservation planning in line with the GGW management objectives, we studied large mammal diversity in the Koyli Alpha Community Wildlife Reserve in the GGW extension area. We interviewed local communities, made reconnaissance & transect walks, placed camera traps, and carried out fixed point surveys to map the distribution of mammals & to estimate their relative abundance. The surveys were conducted between May 2017 and December 2019. We identified the presence of nine mammal species belonging to six families: one lagomorph, Cape Hare Lepus capensis; seven carnivores, Common Jackal Canis aureus, Pale/Sand Fox Vulpes pallida, Wild Cat Felis silvestris, Marsh Mongoose Atilax paludinosus, Honey Badger Mellivora capensis, Zorilla Ictonyx striatus, Common Genet Genetta genetta, and one primate, Patas Monkey Erythrocebus patas. Our results indicate that the most of the observed species range broadly across the Koyli Alpha Reserve. The Wild Cat and the Sand Fox were also found outside the reserve around the village of Koyli Alpha. Camera trapping events of humans and domestic animals were high throughout the survey area, and the majority of the large mammals observed were mainly nocturnal. The diversity of large wild mammals identified during this study points to the urgent need for the implementation of a management plan of the biodiversity in this area of the Ferlo.
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18
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Rostant L, Nelson H, Devenish-Nelson E, Beddoe LA, Nathai-Gyan N, Agard J. Abundance of the exploited red-rumped agouti ( Dasyprocta leporina Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) on the island of Trinidad. MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite their economic, ecological and cultural importance, few studies have examined the population size, distribution and trends of the red-rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) on the island of Trinidad. This study reports densities of agouti on Trinidad during a three-year period, including two years of a moratorium on hunting. Diurnal transect surveys were conducted and density estimates were calculated using the DISTANCE programme and King’s Estimator. Density varied between 7 and 44 individuals/km2 between different sites, 19–28 individuals/km2 island-wide, and with two of four sites showing a potential decline in estimated density in the final year of sampling after hunting resumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Rostant
- Department of Life Sciences , The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Campus , St. Augustine , Trinidad
| | - Howard Nelson
- Fauna and Flora International , The David Attenborough Building , Pembroke Street , Cambridge CB2 3QZ , UK
| | | | - Lee Ann Beddoe
- Department of Life Sciences , The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Campus , St. Augustine , Trinidad
| | - Nadra Nathai-Gyan
- Environmental Management Authority , Elizabeth Street , St. Clair , Port of Spain , Trinidad
| | - John Agard
- Department of Life Sciences , The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Campus , St. Augustine , Trinidad
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Ahmad A, Gary D, . R, . S, . S, Putra W, Sagita N, Adirahmanta SN, Miller AE. Leveraging local knowledge to estimate wildlife densities in bornean tropical rainforests. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ahmad
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | - Demi Gary
- AA, AEM and D. Gary, Planet Indonesia – 241 Selma, St. Louis, MO, USA. DG also at: 279 G Street SW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Rodiansyah .
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | - Sinta .
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | - Srifitria .
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | - Wahyu Putra
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | - Novia Sagita
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
| | | | - Adam E. Miller
- A. Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-7641) ✉ , Rodiansyah, Sinta, Srifitria, W. Putra, N. Sagita and A. E. Miller, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sinta also at: Jalan Perdamaian Kompl
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Yitayih Y, Ejigu D, Mola M. Population size and human-grivet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) conflict in Zegie peninsula, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. BMC ZOOL 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 37170341 PMCID: PMC10127429 DOI: 10.1186/s40850-021-00066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Human-monkey conflict exists in different forms all over the world and is experienced more in developing countries. The conflict between human and grivet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) ranks among the main threats to biodiversity conservation and has become frequent and severe in different parts of Africa. A study on population size and human-grivet monkey conflict in Zegie Peninsula was carried out from August 2019 to March 2020; the study comprised both the wet and dry seasons. The line transect method was used to collect data on the population size of grivet monkeys. Questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to study the human-grivet monkey conflict and its conservation status.
Results
The estimated population of grivets in the study area was 5046. Population structure of grivets indicated that there were 637 adult males, 1246 adult females, 1839 juveniles, and 1324 infants. The number of grivets in different habitat was; 1925 grivets in agricultural area, 1568 in lakeshore, 988 in forest and 565 grivets in shrub. Grivet population estimate between the wet and dry seasons did not show significant differences (χ2 = 0.941, df = 1, p > 0.05). But there was a significant difference in the population estimate of grivets among the different habitats (χ2 = 239.135, df = 3, p < 0.05 and among their age/sex (χ2 = 504.102, df = 3, p < 0.05.
Based on the questionnaire result the most problematic crop pests in the area were grivet monkeys (96.4%), bush pigs (52.3%), porcupine (46.3%) and squirrels cover (33.2%). The result of discussions held with focus groups and questionnaires in the study area showed that grivet monkeys damage crops (98.4%), chicken depredation (49.5%), steal and snatch human food (32%), disturbing communities (11.3%) in the area. Most (62%) of the respondents noted that guava is the most vulnerable crop followed by papaya, mango, avocado to be damaged by grivet monkeys.
Conclusion
The total number of grivet monkey in the study area is 5046. The number of grivet monkeys varies based on their sex/age and their habitat type. There is no significant difference in their number according to season since the movement of grivets is restricted to the area (there is no migration in the area). The increasing population number leads the occurrence of human grivet monkey conflict in the area and this inversely affects grivet monkeys. There was a human-grivet monkey conflict in the Peninsula and grivets damaged crops, not only crops but also predating poultry, stealing eggs, and human food. Consequently, grivets were killed in response to the damage they caused to crops. Grivet’s habitat in the Peninsula is highly disturbed because the local people cut trees for sale to support their livelihood. Awareness creation of the residents about wildlife and their habitat is necessary, and people should understand the impact of deforestation, illegal hunting, and the role of grivets in the ecosystem at large. Hence there is a need to protect the forest in order to ensure sustainable conservation of biodiversity in general and grivet monkeys in particular.
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Kjellander PL, Aronsson M, Bergvall UA, Carrasco JL, Christensson M, Lindgren PE, Åkesson M, Kjellander P. Validating a common tick survey method: cloth-dragging and line transects. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 83:131-146. [PMID: 33242188 PMCID: PMC7736024 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cloth-dragging is the most widely-used method for collecting and counting ticks, but there are few studies of its reliability. By using cloth-dragging, we applied a replicated line transects survey method, in two areas in Sweden with different Ixodes ricinus tick-densities (low at Grimsö and high at Bogesund) to evaluate developmental stage specific repeatability, agreement and precision in estimates of tick abundance. 'Repeatability' was expressed as the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), 'agreement' with the Total Deviation Index (TDI) and 'precision' by the coefficient of variation (CV) for a given dragging distance. Repeatability (ICC) and agreement (TDI) were higher for the most abundant instar (nymphs) and in the area of higher abundance. At Bogesund tick counts were higher than at Grimsö and so also repeatability, with fair to substantial ICC estimates between 0.22 and 0.75, and TDI ranged between 1 and 44.5 counts of difference (thus high to moderate agreement). At Grimsö, ICC was poor to moderate and ranged between 0 and 0.59, whereas TDI remained low with estimates lower or equal to 1 count (thus high agreement). Despite a 100-fold lower abundance at Grimsö, the same level of precision for nymphs could be achieved with a 70% increase of dragging effort. We conclude that the cloth-dragging technique is useful for surveying ticks' and primarily to estimate abundance of the nymphal stage, whereas it rarely will be recommended for larvae and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia L Kjellander
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Malin Aronsson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika A Bergvall
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Josep L Carrasco
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Madeleine Christensson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Per-Eric Lindgren
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Clinical Microbiological Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Åkesson
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Petter Kjellander
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
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Combining Deforestation and Species Distribution Models to Improve Measures of Chimpanzee Conservation Impacts of REDD: A Case Study from Ntakata Mountains, Western Tanzania. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11111195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Projects to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) are designed to reduce carbon emissions through avoided deforestation and degradation, and in many cases, to produce additional community and biodiversity conservation co-benefits. While these co-benefits can be significant, quantifying conservation impacts has been challenging, and most projects use simple species presence to demonstrate positive biodiversity impact. Some of the same tools applied in the quantification of climate mitigation benefits have relevance and potential application to estimating co-benefits for biodiversity conservation. In western Tanzania, most chimpanzees live outside of national park boundaries, and thus face threats from human activity, including competition for suitable habitat. Through a case study of the Ntakata Mountains REDD project in western Tanzania, we demonstrate a combined application of deforestation modelling with species distribution models to assess forest conservation benefits in terms of avoided carbon emissions and improved chimpanzee habitat. The application of such tools is a novel approach that we argue permits the better design of future REDD projects for biodiversity co-benefits. This approach also enables project developers to produce the more manageable, accurate and cost-effective monitoring, reporting and verification of project impacts that are critical to verification under carbon standards.
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Dlamini TB, Reilly BK, Thompson DI, Burkepile DE, Botha JM, Rebelo AG. Differential herbivore occupancy of fire-manipulated savannas in the Satara region of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. KOEDOE: AFRICAN PROTECTED AREA CONSERVATION AND SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v62i1.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The Kruger National Park’s (KNP) long-running experimental burn plots (EBPs) have a history of research projects, which improve the understanding of fire in savanna ecosystems. Using data from KNP’s aerial censuses (2005–2016) and in situ dung count data (2008–2017), this study assessed (1) herbivore densities on the Satara, N’Wanetsi and Marheya EBPs, on annual, triennial and no-burn treatments and across pre-, during and post-drought climate conditions; (2) herbivore densities of these EBPs relative to their non-manipulated surroundings and (3) the extent to which distance to water and rainfall influence ungulate densities. The results revealed that herbivore mean density differed significantly between the three EBPs of Satara and across their fire treatments. N’Wanetsi showed the highest density (0.30 animals/ha), whilst the lowest was found at Marheya (0.12 animals/ha). Overall, pre-drought density was higher on the annual plots (0.56 animals/ha), whilst higher post-drought density was evidenced on the triennial plots (0.80 animals/ha). On average, there were significantly higher herbivore densities on the EBPs (2.54 animals/ha) compared to the surrounding matrix at the larger scales of the Satara management section (0.15 animals/ha) and the central KNP (0.18 animals/ha). A positive correlation between herbivore mean density estimate and distance to water was shown. However, grazer mean density across fire treatments was strongly correlated to rainfall.Conservation implications: Given the variation in fire regimes and their application, and the non-uniform and elevated herbivore densities of the EBPs, inferences from the EBPs cannot be made to the larger KNP. The trials should rather be viewed as an isolated, fire herbivory experiment. It is also recommended to align the experiment with South African National Parks’ mandate by including biodiversity parameters like small mammals and insects in the monitoring of the plots.
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Goetz SM, Yackel Adams AA, Siers SR. Validating Deployment of Aerially Delivered Toxic Bait Cartridges for Control of Invasive Brown Treesnakes. WILDLIFE SOC B 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Goetz
- U.S. Department of Agriculture—Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service—Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Amauulu Road Hilo HI 96720 USA
| | - Amy A. Yackel Adams
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center 2150 Centre Avenue, Building C Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
| | - Shane R. Siers
- U.S. Department of Agriculture—Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service—Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Amauulu Road Hilo HI 96720 USA
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Distribution and conservation status of Boutourlini's blue monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii), a Vulnerable subspecies endemic to western Ethiopia. Primates 2020; 61:785-796. [PMID: 32506350 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Reliable data on the distribution and threats facing primate species are crucial to identifying priority sites for conservation and designing effective management plans. Boutourlini's blue monkey (Cercopithecus mitis boutourlinii) is a little-known arboreal primate endemic to the forests of western Ethiopia. This subspecies is categorized as Vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and the distribution of extant populations is largely unknown. To increase our knowledge of the spatial distribution and conservation status of Boutourlini's blue monkey, we carried out intensive reconnaissance surveys from January 2010 to May 2011 across approximately 40% of its potential range and conducted interviews with local people at each of the survey locations. We carried out geospatial analyses and mapped the distribution of Boutourlini's blue monkey localities with respect to elevation, protected area status, and changes in forest cover over time using ArcGIS 10.4.0. Through our surveys, we discovered 30 previously unknown Boutourlini's blue monkey populations in three administrative regions of western Ethiopia (Amhara, Oromia, and Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Regions). A total of 34 different groups were sighted and counted at the survey sites, averaging 14.7 members (range 8-23) per group. There are now 32 Boutourlini's blue monkey populations of recently confirmed occurrence at altitudes ranging from 1039 to 2780 m asl, seven in forests of greater than 50 km2. Crop feeding by Boutourlini's blue monkeys was reported by people at seven sites and confirmed through direct observation at three of these sites. None of the known extant populations of Boutourlini's blue monkeys occur within a strictly protected area (e.g., national park) where exploitative human activities are outlawed. A complete reassessment of the distribution and conservation status of Boutourlini's blue monkey will require further surveys across the remaining approximately 60% of its potential range.
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Hema EM, Ouattara Y, Tou MAI, Amori G, Karama M, Luiselli L. Line-transect data may not produce reliable estimates of interannual sex-ratio and age structure variation in West African savannah ungulates. TROPICAL ZOOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4081/tz.2020.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adult sex ratios and age structures are important wildlife population parameters, but they have been poorly investigated in ungulate species in West African savannahs. We used line transects to investigate these parameters in 11 ungulates from a protected area in south-western Burkina Faso during the period 2010-2018. We created an empirical model of “detectability” for each species based on its main ecological characteristics (habitat and group size) and body size, and then compared the observed interannual inconsistency in sex ratios and age structures with the a priori detectability score. Six out of 11 species showed low interannual inconsistency in sex ratio and age structure. In 82% of the study species, however, the predicted detectability score matched the observed score, with two exceptions being Tragelaphus scriptus and Sincerus caffer.
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Moore JF, Pine WE, Mulindahabi F, Niyigaba P, Gatorano G, Masozera MK, Beaudrot L. Comparison of species richness and detection between line transects, ground camera traps, and arboreal camera traps. Anim Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. Moore
- Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department of BioSciences Rice University Houston TX USA
| | - W. E. Pine
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - F. Mulindahabi
- Rwanda Program Wildlife Conservation Society Kigali Rwanda
| | - P. Niyigaba
- Rwanda Program Wildlife Conservation Society Kigali Rwanda
| | - G. Gatorano
- Rwanda Program Wildlife Conservation Society Kigali Rwanda
| | | | - L. Beaudrot
- Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department of BioSciences Rice University Houston TX USA
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Hansen MF, Nawangsari VA, van Beest FM, Schmidt NM, Stelvig M, Dabelsteen T, Nijman V. Habitat suitability analysis reveals high ecological flexibility in a "strict" forest primate. Front Zool 2020; 17:6. [PMID: 32095154 PMCID: PMC7027213 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-020-00352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research of many mammal species tends to focus on single habitats, reducing knowledge of ecological flexibility. The Javan lutung (Trachypithecus auratus) is considered a strict forest primate, and little is known about populations living in savannah. In 2017-2018, we investigated the density and distribution of Javan lutung in Baluran National Park, Indonesia. We conducted ad libitum follows and line transect distance sampling with habitat suitability analysis of Javan lutung. Results Estimated density was 14.91 individuals km- 2 (95% CI 7.91-28.08), and estimated population size was 3727 individuals (95% CI 1979 - 7019). Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) habitat suitability was the main driver of lutung habitat suitability as the probability of lutung occurrence increased greatly with macaque habitat suitability. Distance to roads, and distance to secondary forest had a negative relationship with lutung occurrence. Lutung habitat suitability decreased with increasing elevation, however, Mt Baluran and the primary forest on Mt Baluran was under-sampled due to treacherous conditions. Follows of six focus groups revealed considerable use of savannah, with terrestrial travel. The follows also revealed polyspecific associations with long-tailed macaques through shared sleeping sites and inter-specific vocalisations. Conclusions Our study provides new knowledge on the general ecology of Javan lutung, such as use of savannah habitats, underlining our need to branch out in our study sites to understand the flexibility and adaptability of our study species. Another undocumented behaviour is the polyspecific association with long-tailed macaques. We encourage more research on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Friis Hansen
- 1Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.,2Behavioral Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Mikkel Stelvig
- 1Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Torben Dabelsteen
- 2Behavioral Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vincent Nijman
- 4Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Nuñez CL, Froese G, Meier AC, Beirne C, Depenthal J, Kim S, Mbélé AE, Nordseth A, Poulsen JR. Stronger together: comparing and integrating camera trap, visual, and dung survey data in tropical forest communities. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chase L. Nuñez
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- University Program in Ecology Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Graden Froese
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Amelia C. Meier
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Chris Beirne
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Johanna Depenthal
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Seokmin Kim
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Alex Ebang Mbélé
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Anna Nordseth
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | - John R. Poulsen
- University Program in Ecology Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
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Cercopithecine and Colobine Abundance Across Protected and Unprotected Land in the Greater Mahale Ecosystem, Western Tanzania. INT J PRIMATOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-019-00118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMost primates live in unprotected land where abundances and threats may differ from those in protected areas. We therefore need to establish population densities in both unprotected and protected areas to effectively inform conservation planning. The Greater Mahale Ecosystem in western Tanzania is a region of mixed protected status with seven cercopithecine and colobine species: blue (Cercopithecus mitis doggetti), red-tailed (C. ascanius schmidi), and vervet (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) monkeys; ashy red colobus (Piliocolobus tephrosceles); black-and-white colobus (Colobus angolensis); and olive (Papio anubis) and yellow (P. cynocephalus) baboons. These species may be threatened by increasing human activity; however, except for ashy red colobus, no data on local abundances are available. We walked over 350 km of line transects in legally protected (Village Forest Reserves) and unprotected general land between August 2011 and October 2012 to estimate densities of primates and human activity. Primate densities were consistently low across the Greater Mahale Ecosystem. Blue and red-tailed monkey and ashy red colobus densities were especially low compared to populations in predominantly forested landscapes. Primate and human activity densities did not differ significantly inside and outside of reserves. Low primate densities could be natural responses to the lower proportions and quality of riparian forest habitat in the region. High levels of human activity and the absence of significantly higher primate densities in reserves suggest unprotected land could provide important refuges for primates in the Greater Mahale Ecosystem. This result further reinforces a broad need to include unprotected areas in primate conservation strategies.
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Kamgang SA, Carme TC, Bobo KS, Abwe EE, Gonder MK, Sinsin B. Assessment of in situ nest decay rate for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti Matschie, 1914) in Mbam-Djerem National Park, Cameroon: implications for long-term monitoring. Primates 2019; 61:189-200. [PMID: 31659555 PMCID: PMC7080673 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-019-00768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Accurate assessment of great ape populations is a prerequisite for conservation planning. Indirect survey methods using nest and dung, and a set of conversion parameters related to nest decay rates, are increasingly used. Most surveys use the standing crop nest count (SCNC) method, whereby nests are counted along transects and the estimated nest density is converted into chimpanzee density using an often non-local nest decay rate. The use of non-local decay rate is thought to introduce substantial bias to ape population estimates given that nest decay rates vary with location, season, rainfall, nest shape, and tree species used. SCNC method has previously been applied in Mbam-Djerem National Park (MDNP) in Cameroon, for chimpanzee surveys using a non-local nest decay rate. This current study aimed to measure a local nest decay rate for MDNP and implications for chimpanzee population estimates in the MDNP. The mean nest decay rate estimated using a logistic regression analysis was 127 [95% CI (100–160)] days. Moreover, the results suggested that rainfall strongly influenced the nest decay rate over the early stage of the lifetime of the nests. The study confirms that estimates of chimpanzee density and abundance using non-local decay rates should be treated with caution. Our research emphasized the importance of using local nest decay rates and other survey methods which do not depend on decay rates to obtain more accurate estimates of chimpanzee densities in order to inform conservation strategies of these great apes in MDNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Alexis Kamgang
- Garoua Wildlife School, Face aéroport International de Garoua, PO Box 271, Garoua, Cameroon. .,Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife, Yaoundé, Cameroun. .,Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01, PO Box 526, Cotonou, Bénin.
| | - Tuneu Corral Carme
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kadiri Serge Bobo
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, PO Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ekwoge Enang Abwe
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Brice Sinsin
- Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01, PO Box 526, Cotonou, Bénin
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Chen Y, Shen T, Van Chung H, Shi S, Jiang J, Condit R, Hubbell SP. Inferring multispecies distributional aggregation level from limited line transect‐derived biodiversity data. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Tsung‐Jen Shen
- Institute of Statistics & Department of Applied Mathematics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hoang Van Chung
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Shengchao Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
| | - Richard Condit
- Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL
- Morton Arboretum Lisle IL
| | - Stephen P. Hubbell
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado, Balboa Panama
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA
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Kiffner C, Arndt Z, Foky T, Gaeth M, Gannett A, Jackson M, Lellman G, Love S, Maroldi A, McLaughlin S, Skenandore B, von Euler S, Zambrano Z, Kissui B. Land use, REDD+ and the status of wildlife populations in Yaeda Valley, northern Tanzania. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214823. [PMID: 30947305 PMCID: PMC6448838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
REDD+ projects primarily focus on reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. These projects are regularly evaluated against their core objective of conserving carbon stocks, but their contribution to biodiversity conservation has rarely been assessed. To assess the conservation value of the area and the relative performance of a REDD+ land use plan in Yaeda Valley, a semi-arid savannah ecosystem in northern Tanzania, we implemented an annual wildlife monitoring scheme. Based on direct sightings and indirect signs of wildlife, obtained from stratified walking transects conducted annually from 2015–2018, we estimated annual trends of mammal species richness and wildlife densities in three REDD+ and three non-REDD+ land-use strata. Our surveys document a near complete mammal community in the area. Species accumulation curves, and subsequent statistical comparisons, indicated highest mammal species richness in the woodland habitats (both REDD+ and non REDD+ strata) as compared to more human and livestock impacted areas, and suggested constant species richness from 2015–2018. To estimate stratum- and year-specific livestock and wildlife densities (cattle, donkey, goat and sheep combined, Thomson’s gazelle, Kirk’s dik-dik) and wildlife sign densities (aardvark, bushbuck, bushpig, Kirk’s dik dik, eland, elephant, Maasai giraffe, greater kudu, hyena, impala, lesser kudu, warthog, wildebeest, Plains zebra), we fitted species-specific detection functions in a distance sampling framework. Species-specific densities varied between 2015 and 2018 and showed substantial increases and occasional declines in other species-stratum combinations. However, population growth rates were not systematically associated with specific land-use strata. Although our results do not explicitly provide evidence that REDD+ land-use plans directly co-benefit wildlife conservation, they show that REDD+ areas have the potential to maintain intact wildlife assemblages. To ensure effective long-term conservation outcomes, we advocate for a more formal integration of wildlife conservation goals in the REDD+ scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kiffner
- Center For Wildlife Management Studies, The School For Field Studies, Karatu, Tanzania
- * E-mail:
| | - Zoe Arndt
- Zoology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Trent Foky
- Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States of America
| | - Megan Gaeth
- Biology Department, Guilford College, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alex Gannett
- Environmental Studies, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, United States of America
| | - Madeline Jackson
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Sophia Love
- Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States of America
| | - Ana Maroldi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Shane McLaughlin
- Environmental Science Program, Trinity College, Hartford, CT, United States of America
| | - Bobbi Skenandore
- Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sarah von Euler
- Biology Department, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, United States of America
| | - Zachary Zambrano
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States of America
| | - Bernard Kissui
- Center For Wildlife Management Studies, The School For Field Studies, Karatu, Tanzania
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Moore JF, Hines JE, Mulindahabi F, Masozera MK. Factors affecting species richness and distribution spatially and temporally within a protected area using multi‐season occupancy models. Anim Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. Moore
- Department of Wildlife Conservation and Ecology University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - J. E. Hines
- U. S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Laurel MD USA
| | - F. Mulindahabi
- Rwanda Program Wildlife Conservation Society Kigali Rwanda
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35
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Wilmott L, Cullen D, Madani G, Krogh M, Madden K. Are koalas detected more effectively by systematic spotlighting or diurnal searches? AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/am18006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are difficult to detect due to their cryptic nature, occurrence at low densities and broad distribution. We compare the relative effectiveness of two common, direct survey techniques used to detect koalas: spotlighting and diurnal searches. Seventy-six 2-ha sites were surveyed using both spotlighting and diurnal searching. Each site was surveyed for 0.5 person-hours, such that search area and effort were equal. In this study, spotlighting was found to be 3.25 times more effective at detecting koalas than day searches. Therefore, where access and terrain allows, spotlighting surveys offer a significant advantage over diurnal searches in the detection of koalas.
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Kamgang SA, Bobo KS, Maisels F, Ambahe RDD, Ambassa Ongono DE, Gonder MK, Johnson P, Marino J, Sinsin B. The relationship between the abundance of the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) and its habitat: a conservation concern in Mbam-Djerem National Park, Cameroon. BMC Ecol 2018; 18:40. [PMID: 30285707 PMCID: PMC6167774 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-018-0199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the relationship between great apes and their habitat is essential for the development of successful conservation strategies. The chimpanzee Pan troglodytes ellioti is endemic to Nigeria and Cameroon, and occupies an ecologically diverse range of habitats from forests to forest-savannah mosaic in Mbam-Djerem National Park (MDNP) in Cameroon. The habitat variation in chimpanzees is poorly understood in MDNP which provides an excellent opportunity to assess ecological factors that shape the abundance and distribution patterns of P. t. ellioti over a small geographic scale. RESULTS We counted 249 nests along 132 km of transects in total. Of these, 119 nests along 68 km occurred in dense forest and 130 nests along 64 km in forest-savannah mosaic. Chimpanzee density was 0.88 [95% CI (0.55-1.41)] individuals/km2 in the dense forest and 0.59 [95% CI (0.19-1.76)] in the forest-savannah mosaic. Nest abundance varied with vegetation type and was higher in areas with dense canopy cover, steeper slopes and relatively higher altitudes. CONCLUSIONS Our estimates of chimpanzee densities were lower than reported in other studied populations in the range of the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee. However, we found that habitat features, slope and altitude likely play a role in shaping patterns of chimpanzee nesting ecology. Further studies need to be focused on nest decay rates and phenology of useful plants in order to model chimpanzee abundance and distribution in Mbam-Djerem National Park.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Alexis Kamgang
- Garoua Wildlife School, Face aéroport international de Garoua, P.O. Box 271, Garoua, Cameroon.
- Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife, Yaounde, Cameroon.
- Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 P.O.Box 526, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Kadiri Serge Bobo
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Fiona Maisels
- Global Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, New York, NY, 10460, USA
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | | | - Paul Johnson
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney, Oxford, UK
| | - Jorgelina Marino
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney, Oxford, UK
| | - Brice Sinsin
- Laboratory of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 P.O.Box 526, Cotonou, Benin
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Kamgaing TOW, Bobo KS, Djekda D, Azobou KBV, Hamadjida BR, Balangounde MY, Simo KJ, Yasuoka H. Population density estimates of forest duikers (Philantomba monticola
& Cephalophus
spp.) differ greatly between survey methods. Afr J Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Towa Olivier William Kamgaing
- Center for African Area Studies; Kyoto University; 46 Yoshida-Shimoadachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife; Yaounde Cameroon
| | | | - Daniel Djekda
- Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife; Yaounde Cameroon
- University of Dschang; Dschang Cameroon
| | | | - Bobo Réné Hamadjida
- Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife; Yaounde Cameroon
- University of Dschang; Dschang Cameroon
| | | | | | - Hirokazu Yasuoka
- Center for African Area Studies; Kyoto University; 46 Yoshida-Shimoadachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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Goodenough AE, Carpenter WS, MacTavish L, Theron C, Delbridge M, Hart AG. Identification of African antelope species: Using thermographic videos to test the efficacy of real-time thermography. Afr J Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Goodenough
- School of Natural and Social Science; University of Gloucestershire; Cheltenham UK
| | - William S. Carpenter
- School of Natural and Social Science; University of Gloucestershire; Cheltenham UK
| | | | | | | | - Adam G. Hart
- School of Natural and Social Science; University of Gloucestershire; Cheltenham UK
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Phillips CA, Woolley C, Mann D, McGrew WC. Disappearance rate of chimpanzee scats: Implications for census work onPan troglodytes. Afr J Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Phillips
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge England
- Evolutionary Studies Institute; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Christopher Woolley
- Evolutionary Studies Institute; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Darren Mann
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History; Oxford England
| | - William C. McGrew
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience; University of St. Andrews; St. Andrews Scotland
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40
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Nakashima Y, Fukasawa K, Samejima H. Estimating animal density without individual recognition using information derivable exclusively from camera traps. J Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keita Fukasawa
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
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41
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Hussein I, Afework B, Dereje Y. Population structure and feeding ecology of Guereza (Colobus guereza) in Borena-Sayint National Park, northern Ethiopia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/ijbc2017.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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42
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Denis T, Richard-Hansen C, Brunaux O, Etienne MP, Guitet S, Hérault B. Biological traits, rather than environment, shape detection curves of large vertebrates in neotropical rainforests. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1564-1577. [PMID: 28419598 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Line transect surveys are widely used in Neotropical rainforests to estimate the population abundance of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. The use of indices such as encounter rate has been criticized because the probability of animal detection may fluctuate due to the heterogeneity of environmental conditions among sites. In addition, the morphological and behavioral characteristics (biological traits) of species affect their detectability. In this study, we compared the extent to which environmental conditions and species' biological traits bias abundance estimates in terra firme rainforests in French Guiana. The selected environmental conditions included both physical conditions and forest structure covariates, while the selected biological traits included the morphological and behavioral characteristics of species. We used the distance sampling method to model the detection probability as an explicit function of environmental conditions and biological traits and implemented a model selection process to determine the relative importance of each group of covariates. Biological traits contributed to the variability of animal detectability more than environmental conditions, which had only a marginal effect. Detectability was best for large animals with uniform or disruptive markings that live in groups in the canopy top. Detectability was worst for small, solitary, terrestrial animals with mottled markings. In the terra firme rainforests that represent ~80% of the Amazonia and Guianas regions, our findings support the use of relative indices such as the encounter rate to compare population abundance between sites in species-specific studies. Even though terra firme rainforests may appear similar between regions of Amazonia and the Guianas, comparability must be ensured, especially in forests disturbed by human activity. The detection probability can be used as an indicator of species' vulnerability to hunting and, thus, to the risk of local extinction. Only a few biological trait covariates are required to correctly estimate the detectability of the majority of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. Thus, a biological trait model could be useful in predicting the detection probabilities of rare, uncommon, or localized species for which few data are available to fit the detection function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Denis
- ONCFS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana, France
- Université de Guyane, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana, France
| | - Cécile Richard-Hansen
- ONCFS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana, France
| | - Olivier Brunaux
- ONF, R&D, Réserve de Montabo, BP 7002, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | | | - Stéphane Guitet
- ONF, R&D, Réserve de Montabo, BP 7002, 97300, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- INRA, UMR Amap, TA A51/PS2, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Hérault
- Université de Guyane, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana, France
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Hobaiter C, Samuni L, Mullins C, Akankwasa WJ, Zuberbühler K. Variation in hunting behaviour in neighbouring chimpanzee communities in the Budongo forest, Uganda. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178065. [PMID: 28636646 PMCID: PMC5479531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hunting and sharing of meat is seen across all chimpanzee sites, with variation in prey preferences, hunting techniques, frequencies, and success rates. Here, we compared hunting and meat-eating behaviour in two adjacent chimpanzee communities (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) of Budongo Forest, Uganda: the Waibira and Sonso communities. We observed consistent between-group differences in prey-species preferences and in post-hunting behaviour. Sonso chimpanzees show a strong prey preference for Guereza colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza occidentalis; 74.9% hunts), and hunt regularly (1-2 times a month) but with large year-to-year and month-to-month variation. Waibira chimpanzee prey preferences are distributed across primate and duiker species, and resemble those described in an early study of Sonso hunting. Waibira chimpanzees (which include ex-Sonso immigrants) have been observed to feed on red duiker (Cephalophus natalensis; 25%, 9/36 hunts), a species Sonso has never been recorded to feed on (18 years data, 27 years observations), despite no apparent differences in prey distribution; and show less rank-related harassment of meat possessors. We discuss the two most likely and probably interrelated explanations for the observed intergroup variation in chimpanzee hunting behaviour, that is, long-term disruption of complex group-level behaviour due to human presence and possible socially transmitted differences in prey preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hobaiter
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
| | - Liran Samuni
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Caroline Mullins
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
| | - Walter John Akankwasa
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Klaus Zuberbühler
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
- Department of Comparative Cognition, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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44
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Howe EJ, Buckland ST, Després‐Einspenner M, Kühl HS. Distance sampling with camera traps. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Howe
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling University of St Andrews The Observatory, Buchanan Gardens St Andrews Fife KY16 9LZ UK
| | - Stephen T. Buckland
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling University of St Andrews The Observatory, Buchanan Gardens St Andrews Fife KY16 9LZ UK
| | | | - Hjalmar S. Kühl
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
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45
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Hema EM, Di Vittorio M, Barnes RF, Guenda W, Luiselli L. Detection of interannual population trends in seven herbivores from a West African savannah: a comparison between dung counts and direct counts of individuals. Afr J Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel M. Hema
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales; Université Ouaga 1 Professeur Joseph KI ZERBO/CUPD; 09 B.P. 848 Ouagadougou 09 - Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Burkina Faso
| | | | - Richard F.W. Barnes
- Department of Medicine; University of California at San Diego; La Jolla CA 92093-8651 U.S.A
| | - Wendengoudi Guenda
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales; Université Ouaga 1 Professeur Joseph KI ZERBO/CUPD; 09 B.P. 848 Ouagadougou 09 - Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Burkina Faso
| | - Luca Luiselli
- IDECC - Institute for Development, Ecology, Conservation and Cooperation; via G. Tomasi di Lampedusa 33 I-00144 Rome Italy
- Department of Applied and Environmental Biology; Rivers State University of Science and Technology; P.M.B. 5080 Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria
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46
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Quantifying the bias in density estimated from distance sampling and camera trapping of unmarked individuals. Ecol Modell 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Amori G, De Silvestro V, Ciucci P, Luiselli L. Quantifying whether different demographic models produce incongruent results on population dynamics of two long-term studied rodent species. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/eje-2017-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract1. Population density (ind/ha) of long-term (>15 years) series of CMR populations, using distinct demographic models designed for both open and closed populations, were analysed for two sympatric species of rodents (Myodes glareolus and Apodemus flavicollis) from a mountain area in central Italy, in order to test the relative performance of various employed demographic models. In particular, the hypothesis that enumeration models systematically underestimate the population size of a given population was tested.2. Overall, we compared the performance of 7 distinct demographic models, including both closed and open models, for each study species. Although the two species revealed remarkable intrinsic differences in demography traits (for instance, a lower propensity for being recaptured in Apodemus flavicollis), the Robust Design appeared to be the best fitting model, showing that it is the most suitable model for long-term studies.3. Among the various analysed demographic models, Jolly-Seber returned the lower estimates of population density for both species. Thus, this demographic model could not be suggested for being applied for long-term studies of small mammal populations because it tends to remarkably underestimate the effective population size. Nonetheless, yearly estimates of population density by Jolly-Seber correlated positively with yearly estimates of population density by closed population models, thus showing that interannual trends in population dynamics were uncovered by both types of demographic models, although with different values in terms of true population size.
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48
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Goodenough AE, Harrell AN, Keating RL, Rolfe RN, Stubbs H, MacTavish L, Hart AG. Managing grassland for wildlife: the effects of rotational burning on tick presence and abundance in African savannah habitat. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Goodenough
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Alison N. Harrell
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Rachel L. Keating
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Richard N. Rolfe
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Hannah Stubbs
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Lynne MacTavish
- L. MacTavish, Mankwe Wildlife Reserve, Northwest Province, South Africa
| | - Adam G. Hart
- A. E. Goodenough , A. N. Harrell, R. L. Keating, R. N. Rolfe, H. Stubbs and A. G. Hart, Natural and Social Sciences, Univ. of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK
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Soofi M, Ghoddousi A, Hamidi AK, Ghasemi B, Egli L, Voinopol-Sassu AJ, Kiabi BH, Balkenhol N, Khorozyan I, Waltert M. Precision and reliability of indirect population assessments for the Caspian red deerCervus elaphus maral. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Soofi
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Arash Ghoddousi
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Benjamin Ghasemi
- B. Ghasemi, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Univ. München, Freising, Germany
| | - Lukas Egli
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ana-Johanna Voinopol-Sassu
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bahram H. Kiabi
- B. H. Kiabi, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti Univ. G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Niko Balkenhol
- N. Balkenhol, Dept of Wildlife Sciences, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Igor Khorozyan
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Matthias Waltert
- M. Soofi A. Ghoddousi, L. Egli, A.-J. Voinopol-Sassu, I. Khorozyan and M. Waltert, J. F. Blumenbach Inst. of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Bürgerstrasse 50, DE-37073 Göttingen, Germany. AJVS also at: School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Valente AM, Marques TA, Fonseca C, Torres RT. A new insight for monitoring ungulates: density surface modelling of roe deer in a Mediterranean habitat. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-016-1030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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