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Judkins ME, Roemer GW, Millsap BA, Barnes JG, Bedrosian BE, Clarke SL, Domenech R, Herring G, Lamont M, Smith BW, Stahlecker DW, Stuber MJ, Warren WC, Van Den Bussche RA. A 37 K SNP array for the management and conservation of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). CONSERV GENET 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-023-01508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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2
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Youtz J, Miller KD, Bowers EK, Rogers SL, Bulluck LP, Johnson M, Peer BD, Percy KL, Johnson EI, Ames EM, Tonra CM, Boves TJ. Bergmann's rule is followed at multiple stages of postembryonic development in a long-distance migratory songbird. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:10672-10686. [PMID: 33072288 PMCID: PMC7548171 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bergmann’s rule is a well‐established, ecogeographical principle that states that body size varies positively with latitude, reflecting the thermoregulatory benefits of larger bodies as temperatures decline. However, this principle does not seem to easily apply to migratory species that are able to avoid the extreme temperatures during winter at higher latitudes. Further, little is known about the ontogeny of this relationship across life stages or how it is influenced by ongoing global climate change. To address these knowledge gaps, we assessed the contemporary relationship between latitude and body size in a long‐distance migratory species, the prothonotary warbler (Protonotaria citrea) across life stages (egg to adult) on their breeding grounds. We also measured historic eggs (1865‐1961) to assess if the relationship between latitude and size during this life stage has changed over time. In accordance with Bergmann’s rule, we found a positive relationship between latitude and body mass during all post‐embryonic life stages, from early nestling stage through adulthood. We observed this same predicted pattern with historic eggs, but contemporary eggs exhibited the reverse (negative) relationship. We suggest that these results indicate a genetic component to this pattern and speculate that selection for larger body size in altricial nestlings as latitude increases may possibly drive the pattern in migratory species as even rare extreme cold weather events may cause mortality during early life stages. Furthermore, the opposite relationships observed in eggs, dependent on time period, may be related to the rapidly warming environments of higher latitudes that is associated with climate change. Although it is unclear what mechanism(s) would allow for this recent reversal in eggs (but still allow for its maintenance in later life stages). This evidence of a reversal suggests that anthropogenic climate change may be in the process of altering one of the longest‐standing principles in ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Youtz
- Department of Biological Sciences Arkansas State University State University Arkansas USA
| | - Kelly D Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biodiversity Research University of Memphis Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Emerson K Bowers
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biodiversity Research University of Memphis Memphis Tennessee USA
| | - Samantha L Rogers
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA.,Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Lesley P Bulluck
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia USA
| | - Matthew Johnson
- Audubon South Carolina National Audubon Society Harleyville South Carolina USA
| | - Brian D Peer
- Department of Biological Sciences Western Illinois University Moline Illinois USA
| | - Katie L Percy
- Audubon Louisiana National Audubon Society Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Erik I Johnson
- Audubon Louisiana National Audubon Society Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Elizabeth M Ames
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Christopher M Tonra
- School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Than J Boves
- Department of Biological Sciences Arkansas State University State University Arkansas USA
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3
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DeSaix MG, Bulluck LP, Eckert AJ, Viverette CB, Boves TJ, Reese JA, Tonra CM, Dyer RJ. Population assignment reveals low migratory connectivity in a weakly structured songbird. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2122-2135. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. DeSaix
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
| | - Lesley P. Bulluck
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
| | - Andrew J. Eckert
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
| | | | - Than J. Boves
- Arkansas Department of Biological Sciences Arkansas State University Jonesboro Arkansas
| | - Jessica A. Reese
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
| | - Christopher M. Tonra
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio
| | - Rodney J. Dyer
- Center for Environmental Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond Virginia
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Haché S, Bayne EM, Villard M, Proctor H, Davis CS, Stralberg D, Janes JK, Hallworth MT, Foster KR, Chidambara‐vasi E, Grossi AA, Gorrell JC, Krikun R. Phylogeography of a migratory songbird across its Canadian breeding range: Implications for conservation units. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6078-6088. [PMID: 28861214 PMCID: PMC5574796 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to describe and evaluate potential drivers of genetic structure in Canadian breeding populations of the Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla. We performed genetic analyses on feather samples of individuals from six study sites using nuclear microsatellites. We also assessed species identity and population genetic structure of quill mites (Acariformes, Syringophilidae). For male Ovenbirds breeding in three study sites, we collected light-level geolocator data to document migratory paths and identify the wintering grounds. We also generated paleohindcast projections from bioclimatic models of Ovenbird distribution to identify potential refugia during the last glacial maximum (LGM, 21,000 years before present) as a factor explaining population genetic structure. Birds breeding in the Cypress Hills (Alberta/Saskatchewan) may be considered a distinct genetic unit, but there was no evidence for genetic differentiation among any other populations. We found relatively strong migratory connectivity in both western and eastern populations, but some evidence of mixing among populations on the wintering grounds. There was also little genetic variation among syringophilid mites from the different Ovenbird populations. These results are consistent with paleohindcast distribution predictions derived from two different global climate models indicating a continuous single LGM refugium, with the possibility of two refugia. Our results suggest that Ovenbird populations breeding in boreal and hemiboreal regions are panmictic, whereas the population breeding in Cypress Hills should be considered a distinct management unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Haché
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaYellowknifeNTCanada
| | - Erin M. Bayne
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Marc‐André Villard
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographieUniversité du Québec à RimouskiRimouskiQCCanada
| | - Heather Proctor
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Corey S. Davis
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Diana Stralberg
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
- Department of Renewable ResourcesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Jasmine K. Janes
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Michael T. Hallworth
- Migratory Bird CenterSmithsonian Conservation Biology InstituteNational Zoological ParkWashingtonDCUSA
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5
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Ruegg KC, Anderson EC, Harrigan RJ, Paxton KL, Kelly JF, Moore F, Smith TB. Genetic assignment with isotopes and habitat suitability (
gaiah
), a migratory bird case study. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen C. Ruegg
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095‐1496 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Eric C. Anderson
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
| | - Ryan J. Harrigan
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095‐1496 USA
| | | | - Jeffrey F. Kelly
- Oklahoma Biological Survey University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA
- Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA
| | - Frank Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Thomas B. Smith
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095‐1496 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angles CA 90095 USA
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Pérez‐Moreno H, Martínez‐Meyer E, Soberón Mainero J, Rojas‐Soto O. Climatic patterns in the establishment of wintering areas by North American migratory birds. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2022-33. [PMID: 27099707 PMCID: PMC4831436 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-distance migration in birds is relatively well studied in nature; however, one aspect of this phenomenon that remains poorly understood is the pattern of distribution presented by species during arrival to and establishment of wintering areas. Some studies suggest that the selection of areas in winter is somehow determined by climate, given its influence on both the distribution of bird species and their resources. We analyzed whether different migrant passerine species of North America present climatic preferences during arrival to and departure from their wintering areas. We used ecological niche modeling to generate monthly potential climatic distributions for 13 migratory bird species during the winter season by combining the locations recorded per month with four environmental layers. We calculated monthly coefficients of climate variation and then compared two GLM (generalized linear models), evaluated with the AIC (Akaike information criterion), to describe how these coefficients varied over the course of the season, as a measure of the patterns of establishment in the wintering areas. For 11 species, the sites show nonlinear patterns of variation in climatic preferences, with low coefficients of variation at the beginning and end of the season and higher values found in the intermediate months. The remaining two species analyzed showed a different climatic pattern of selective establishment of wintering areas, probably due to taxonomic discrepancy, which would affect their modeled winter distribution. Patterns of establishment of wintering areas in the species showed a climatic preference at the macroscale, suggesting that individuals of several species actively select wintering areas that meet specific climatic conditions. This probably gives them an advantage over the winter and during the return to breeding areas. As these areas become full of migrants, alternative suboptimal sites are occupied. Nonrandom winter area selection may also have consequences for the conservation of migratory bird species, particularly under a scenario of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Pérez‐Moreno
- Red de Biología EvolutivaInstituto de Ecología A. C.XalapaVeracruzMéxico
| | | | - Jorge Soberón Mainero
- Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research CenterDepartment of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansas
| | - Octavio Rojas‐Soto
- Red de Biología EvolutivaInstituto de Ecología A. C.XalapaVeracruzMéxico
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Parmakelis A, Rigal F, Mourikis T, Balanika K, Terzopoulou S, Rego C, Amorim IR, Crespo L, Pereira F, Triantis KA, Whittaker RJ, Borges PAV. Comparative phylogeography of endemic Azorean arthropods. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:250. [PMID: 26559388 PMCID: PMC4642780 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For a remote oceanic archipelago of up to 8 Myr age, the Azores have a comparatively low level of endemism. We present an analysis of phylogeographic patterns of endemic Azorean island arthropods aimed at testing patterns of diversification in relation to the ontogeny of the archipelago, in order to distinguish between alternative models of evolutionary dynamics on islands. We collected individuals of six species (representing Araneae, Hemiptera and Coleoptera) from 16 forest fragments from 7 islands. Using three mtDNA markers, we analysed the distribution of genetic diversity within and between islands, inferred the differentiation time-frames and investigated the inter-island migration routes and colonization patterns. Results Each species exhibited very low levels of mtDNA divergence, both within and between islands. The two oldest islands were not strongly involved in the diffusion of genetic diversity within the archipelago. The most haplotype-rich islands varied according to species but the younger, central islands contributed the most to haplotype diversity. Colonization events both in concordance with and in contradiction to an inter-island progression rule were inferred, while a non-intuitive pattern of colonization from western to eastern islands was also inferred. Conclusions The geological development of the Azores has followed a less tidy progression compared to classic hotspot archipelagos, and this is reflected in our findings. The study species appear to have been differentiating within the Azores for <2 Myr, a fraction of the apparent life span of the archipelago, which may indicate that extinction events linked to active volcanism have played an important role. Assuming that after each extinction event, colonization was initiated from a nearby island hosting derived haplotypes, the apparent age of species diversification in the archipelago would be moved closer to the present after each extinction–recolonization cycle. Exploiting these ideas, we propose a general model for future testing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0523-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Parmakelis
- Department of Ecology and Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR15784, Athens, Greece. .,Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - François Rigal
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Thanos Mourikis
- Department of Ecology and Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR15784, Athens, Greece.
| | - Katerina Balanika
- Department of Ecology and Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR15784, Athens, Greece.
| | - Sofia Terzopoulou
- Department of Ecology and Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR15784, Athens, Greece. .,Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Carla Rego
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Isabel R Amorim
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Luís Crespo
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Pereira
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Kostas A Triantis
- Department of Ecology and Taxonomy, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR15784, Athens, Greece. .,Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - Robert J Whittaker
- Conservation Biogeography and Macroecology Programme, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK. .,Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (CITA-A) and Platform for Ecological and Environmental Research (PEER), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Terceira, Portugal. .,CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
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El-Arabany N, Sorensen M, Hansson B. Inferring the links between breeding and wintering grounds in a Palearctic– African migratory bird, the Great Reed Warbler, using mitochondrial DNA data. African Zoology 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2015.1055301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vonhof MJ, Russell AL, Miller-Butterworth CM. Range-Wide Genetic Analysis of Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus) Populations: Estimating the Risk of Spread of White-Nose Syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128713. [PMID: 26154307 PMCID: PMC4495924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) is one of the most widespread bat species in North America and is experiencing severe population declines because of an emerging fungal disease, white-nose syndrome (WNS). To manage and conserve this species effectively it is important to understand patterns of gene flow and population connectivity to identify possible barriers to disease transmission. However, little is known about the population genetic structure of little brown bats, and to date, no studies have investigated population structure across their entire range. We examined mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites in 637 little brown bats (including all currently recognized subspecific lineages) from 29 locations across North America, to assess levels of genetic variation and population differentiation across the range of the species, including areas affected by WNS and those currently unaffected. We identified considerable spatial variation in patterns of female dispersal and significant genetic variation between populations in eastern versus western portions of the range. Overall levels of nuclear genetic differentiation were low, and there is no evidence for any major barriers to gene flow across their range. However, patterns of mtDNA differentiation are highly variable, with high ΦST values between most sample pairs (including between all western samples, between western and eastern samples, and between some eastern samples), while low mitochondrial differentiation was observed within two groups of samples found in central and eastern regions of North America. Furthermore, the Alaskan population was highly differentiated from all others, and western populations were characterized by isolation by distance while eastern populations were not. These data raise the possibility that the current patterns of spread of WNS observed in eastern North America may not apply to the entire range and that there may be broad-scale spatial variation in the risk of WNS transmission and occurrence if the disease continues to spread west.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten J. Vonhof
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America
- Environmental and Sustainability Studies Program, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Amy L. Russell
- Department of Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, United States of America
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10
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Vonhof MJ, Russell AL. Genetic approaches to the conservation of migratory bats: a study of the eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis). PeerJ 2015; 3:e983. [PMID: 26038736 PMCID: PMC4451038 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Documented fatalities of bats at wind turbines have raised serious concerns about the future impacts of increased wind power development on populations of migratory bat species. However, for most bat species we have no knowledge of the size of populations and their demographic trends, the degree of structuring into discrete subpopulations, and whether different subpopulations use spatially segregated migratory routes. Here, we utilize genetic data from eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis), one of the species most highly affected by wind power development in North America, to (1) evaluate patterns of population structure across the landscape, (2) estimate effective population size (Ne ), and (3) assess signals of growth or decline in population size. Using data on both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA variation, we demonstrate that this species forms a single, panmictic population across their range with no evidence for the historical use of divergent migratory pathways by any portion of the population. Further, using coalescent estimates we estimate that the effective size of this population is in the hundreds of thousands to millions of individuals. The high levels of gene flow and connectivity across the population of eastern red bats indicate that monitoring and management of eastern red bats must integrate information across the range of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten J. Vonhof
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
- Environmental and Sustainability Studies Program, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Amy L. Russell
- Department of Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
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11
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Ruegg KC, Anderson EC, Paxton KL, Apkenas V, Lao S, Siegel RB, DeSante DF, Moore F, Smith TB. Mapping migration in a songbird using high-resolution genetic markers. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:5726-39. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen C. Ruegg
- Center for Tropical Research; Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; La Kretz Hall Suite 300 619 Charles E. Young Dr. East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
| | - Eric C. Anderson
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; 110 Shaffer Road Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics; University of California; Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
| | - Kristina L. Paxton
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Southern Mississippi; Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
- Department of Biology; University of Hawaii; Hilo HI 96720 USA
| | - Vanessa Apkenas
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; 110 Shaffer Road Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA
| | - Sirena Lao
- Center for Tropical Research; Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; La Kretz Hall Suite 300 619 Charles E. Young Dr. East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Rodney B. Siegel
- The Institute for Bird Populations; PO Box 1346 Point Reyes Station CA 94956 USA
| | - David F. DeSante
- The Institute for Bird Populations; PO Box 1346 Point Reyes Station CA 94956 USA
| | - Frank Moore
- Department of Biology; University of Hawaii; Hilo HI 96720 USA
| | - Thomas B. Smith
- Center for Tropical Research; Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; La Kretz Hall Suite 300 619 Charles E. Young Dr. East Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Los Angles CA 90095 USA
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12
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Lira-Noriega A, Manthey JD. Relationship of genetic diversity and niche centrality: a survey and analysis. Evolution 2014; 68:1082-93. [PMID: 24372193 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of genetic diversity within and among populations in relation to species' geographic ranges is important to understanding processes of evolution, speciation, and biogeography. One hypothesis predicts that natural populations at geographic range margins will have lower genetic diversity relative to those located centrally in species' distributions owing to a link between geographic and environmental marginality; alternatively, genetic variation may be unrelated with geographic marginality via decoupling of geographic and environmental marginality. We investigate the predictivity of geographic patterns of genetic variation based on geographic and environmental marginality using published genetic diversity data for 40 species (insects, plants, birds, mammals, worms). Only about half of species showed positive relationships between geographic and environmental marginality. Three analyses (sign test, multiple linear regression, and meta-analysis of correlation effect sizes) showed a negative relationship between genetic diversity and distance to environmental niche centroid, but no consistent relationship of genetic diversity with distance to geographic range center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Lira-Noriega
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.
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Topp CM, Pruett CL, McCracken KG, Winker K. How migratory thrushes conquered northern North America: a comparative phylogeography approach. PeerJ 2013; 1:e206. [PMID: 24255819 PMCID: PMC3828608 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Five species of migratory thrushes (Turdidae) occupy a transcontinental distribution across northern North America. They have largely overlapping breeding ranges, relatively similar ecological niches, and mutualistic relationships with northern woodland communities as insectivores and seed-dispersing frugivores. As an assemblage of ecologically similar species, and given other vertebrate studies, we predicted a shared pattern of genetic divergence among these species between their eastern and western populations, and also that the timing of the coalescent events might be similar and coincident with historical glacial events. To determine how these five lineages effectively established transcontinental distributions, we used mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences to assess genetic structure and lineage coalescence from populations on each side of the continent. Two general patterns occur. Hermit and Swainson’s thrushes (Catharus guttatus and C. ustulatus) have relatively deep divergences between eastern and western phylogroups, probably reflecting shared historic vicariance. The Veery (C. fuscescens), Gray-cheeked Thrush (C. minimus), and American Robin (Turdus migratorius) have relatively shallow divergences between eastern and western populations. However, coalescent and approximate Bayesian computational analyses indicated that among all species as many as five transcontinental divergence events occurred. Divergence within both Hermit and Swainson’s thrushes resembled the divergence between Gray-cheeked Thrushes and Veeries and probably occurred during a similar time period. Despite these species’ ecological similarities, the assemblage exhibits heterogeneity at the species level in how they came to occupy transcontinental northern North America but two general continental patterns at an among-species organizational level, likely related to lineage age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie M Topp
- University of Alaska Museum and Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks , Fairbanks, AK , USA
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Rundel CW, Wunder MB, Alvarado AH, Ruegg KC, Harrigan R, Schuh A, Kelly JF, Siegel RB, DeSante DF, Smith TB, Novembre J. Novel statistical methods for integrating genetic and stable isotope data to infer individual-level migratory connectivity. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:4163-4176. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin W. Rundel
- Department of Statistical Sciences; Duke University; Durham NC 27708 USA
- Department of Statistics; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Michael B. Wunder
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Colorado, Denver; Denver CO 80217 USA
| | - Allison H. Alvarado
- Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Kristen C. Ruegg
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Colorado, Denver; Denver CO 80217 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California, Santa Cruz; Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Ryan Harrigan
- Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Andrew Schuh
- Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA); Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Jeffrey F. Kelly
- Oklahoma Biological Survey and Department of Biology; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Program; University of Oklahoma; Norman OK 73019 USA
| | - Rodney B. Siegel
- The Institute for Bird Populations; Point Reyes Station CA 94956 USA
| | - David F. DeSante
- The Institute for Bird Populations; Point Reyes Station CA 94956 USA
| | - Thomas B. Smith
- Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - John Novembre
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Human Genetics; Chicago IL 60637 USA
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Renfrew RB, Kim D, Perlut N, Smith J, Fox J, Marra PP. Phenological matching across hemispheres in a long-distance migratory bird. DIVERS DISTRIB 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Kim
- Platte River Whooping Crane Trust; 6611 W. Whooping Crane Dr.; Wood River; NE; 68883; USA
| | - Noah Perlut
- Department of Environmental Studies; University of New England; 11 Hills Beach Road; Biddeford; ME; 04005; USA
| | - Joseph Smith
- The Nature Conservancy; New Jersey Chapter , 2350 Route 47; Delmont; NJ; 08314; USA
| | - James Fox
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; High Cross; Cambridge; CB3 0ET; UK
| | - Peter P. Marra
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Migratory Bird Center; National Zoological Park, PO Box 37012-MRC5503; Washington; DC; 20008; USA
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Toms JD, Eggert LS, Arendt WJ, Faaborg J. A genetic polymorphism in the sex-linked ATP5A1 gene is associated with individual fitness in Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla). Ecol Evol 2012; 2:1312-8. [PMID: 22833803 PMCID: PMC3402203 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While testing genetic sexing techniques in Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla), we found a genetic polymorphism in the ATP5A1 gene in 38% of individuals. The Z′ allele included changes in both intronic and exonic portions of the sequenced region, but there was no evidence that this changed the resulting ATP synthase product. Males that had one or more copies of this allele had higher relative body mass (mass corrected for size) than other genotypes. This allele was unrelated to stable isotope signatures, and so was not a useful predictor of latitude within the eastern portion of the Ovenbird breeding range. Future studies are needed to determine whether this polymorphism may be a useful geographic marker. This study is the first to link polymorphisms in the sex-linked ATP5A1 gene with fitness effects.
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Milá B, Tavares ES, Muñoz Saldaña A, Karubian J, Smith TB, Baker AJ. A trans-Amazonian screening of mtDNA reveals deep intraspecific divergence in forest birds and suggests a vast underestimation of species diversity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40541. [PMID: 22815761 PMCID: PMC3398903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazonian avifauna remains severely understudied relative to that of the temperate zone, and its species richness is thought to be underestimated by current taxonomy. Recent molecular systematic studies using mtDNA sequence reveal that traditionally accepted species-level taxa often conceal genetically divergent subspecific lineages found to represent new species upon close taxonomic scrutiny, suggesting that intraspecific mtDNA variation could be useful in species discovery. Surveys of mtDNA variation in Holarctic species have revealed patterns of variation that are largely congruent with species boundaries. However, little information exists on intraspecific divergence in most Amazonian species. Here we screen intraspecific mtDNA genetic variation in 41 Amazonian forest understory species belonging to 36 genera and 17 families in 6 orders, using 758 individual samples from Ecuador and French Guiana. For 13 of these species, we also analyzed trans-Andean populations from the Ecuadorian Chocó. A consistent pattern of deep intraspecific divergence among trans-Amazonian haplogroups was found for 33 of the 41 taxa, and genetic differentiation and genetic diversity among them was highly variable, suggesting a complex range of evolutionary histories. Mean sequence divergence within families was the same as that found in North American birds (13%), yet mean intraspecific divergence in Neotropical species was an order of magnitude larger (2.13% vs. 0.23%), with mean distance between intraspecific lineages reaching 3.56%. We found no clear relationship between genetic distances and differentiation in plumage color. Our results identify numerous genetically and phenotypically divergent lineages which may result in new species-level designations upon closer taxonomic scrutiny and thorough sampling, although lineages in the tropical region could be older than those in the temperate zone without necessarily representing separate species. In-depth phylogeographic surveys are urgently needed to avoid underestimating tropical diversity, and the use of mtDNA markers can be instrumental in identifying and prioritizing taxa for species discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Milá
- National Museum of Natural Sciences, Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Tubelyte V, Švažas S, Sruoga A, Butkauskas D, Paulauskas A, Baublys V, Viksne J, Grishanov G, Kozulin A. Genetic diversity of tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula, Anatidae) in Eastern Europe. Open Life Sci 2011; 6:1044-53. [DOI: 10.2478/s11535-011-0083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe tufted duck (Aythya fuligula, Anatidae) is widespread in the Palaearctic across Northern Eurasia. Birds breeding in Northern and Eastern Europe are highly migratory, while populations from Western Europe are partially migratory or resident. The aim of this study is to explore genetic variation within and between ducks breeding in Latvia and migrants sampled in North West Russia and Belarus. The technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA was applied using five random primers (ol-1, ol-9-12). Genetic variability was measured for all tufted ducks investigated and for different sub-populations from various regions. Individual genetic structure and genetic variability was higher in ducks collected from Latvia. Gene diversity of amplified DNA bands in birds of Latvian origin was 24% with 80% polymorphism. Means of gene diversity and polymorphism for tufted ducks sampled in other countries varied from 12 to 14% and from 27 to 40%, respectively. A high number of unique bands characterized ducks breeding in Latvia. The oligonucleotide primers used in this study were suitable to analyze differences among tufted ducks of different origin. Possible explanations for the variation observed among the studied ducks are discussed.
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Spurgin LG, van Oosterhout C, Illera JC, Bridgett S, Gharbi K, Emerson BC, Richardson DS. Gene conversion rapidly generates major histocompatibility complex diversity in recently founded bird populations. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:5213-25. [PMID: 22106868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis G Spurgin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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Irwin DE, Irwin JH, Smith TB. Genetic variation and seasonal migratory connectivity in Wilson's warblers (Wilsonia pusilla): species-level differences in nuclear DNA between western and eastern populations. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:3102-15. [PMID: 21689190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in understanding patterns of seasonal migratory connectivity between breeding and wintering sites, both because differences in migratory behaviour can be associated with population differentiation and because knowledge of migratory connectivity is essential for understanding the ecology, evolution and conservation of migratory species. We present the first broad survey of geographic variation in the nuclear genome of breeding and wintering Wilson's warblers (Wilsonia pusilla), which have previously served as a research system for the study of whether genetic markers and isotopes can reveal patterns of migratory connectivity. Using 153 samples surveyed at up to 257 variable amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we show that Wilson's warblers consist of highly distinct western and eastern breeding groups, with all winter samples grouping with the western breeding group. Within the west, there is weak geographic differentiation, at a level insufficient for use in the assignment of wintering samples to specific areas. The distinctiveness of western and eastern genetic groups, with no known intermediates, strongly suggests that these two groups are cryptic species. Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation shows that the estimated coalescence time between western and eastern clades is approximately 2.3 Ma, a surprisingly old time of divergence that is more typical of distinct species than of subspecies. Given their morphological similarity but strong genetic differences, western and eastern Wilson's warblers present a likely case of association between divergence in migratory behaviour and the process of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren E Irwin
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Manthey JD, Klicka J, Spellman GM. Cryptic diversity in a widespread North American songbird: Phylogeography of the Brown Creeper (Certhia americana). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 58:502-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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SHAFER AARONBA, CULLINGHAM CATHERINEI, CÔTÉ STEEVED, COLTMAN DAVIDW. Of glaciers and refugia: a decade of study sheds new light on the phylogeography of northwestern North America. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:4589-621. [PMID: 20849561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04828.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AARON B. A. SHAFER
- Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405 Biological Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - CATHERINE I. CULLINGHAM
- Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405 Biological Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - STEEVE D. CÔTÉ
- Département de Biologie and Centre for Northern Studies, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - DAVID W. COLTMAN
- Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405 Biological Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
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Lovette IJ, Pérez-Emán JL, Sullivan JP, Banks RC, Fiorentino I, Córdoba-Córdoba S, Echeverry-Galvis M, Barker FK, Burns KJ, Klicka J, Lanyon SM, Bermingham E. A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny for the wood-warblers and a revised classification of the Parulidae (Aves). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:753-70. [PMID: 20696258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The birds in the family Parulidae-commonly termed the New World warblers or wood-warblers-are a classic model radiation for studies of ecological and behavioral differentiation. Although the monophyly of a 'core' wood-warbler clade is well established, no phylogenetic hypothesis for this group has included a full sampling of wood-warbler species diversity. We used parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods to reconstruct relationships among all genera and nearly all wood-warbler species, based on a matrix of mitochondrial DNA (5840 nucleotides) and nuclear DNA (6 loci, 4602 nucleotides) characters. The resulting phylogenetic hypotheses provide a highly congruent picture of wood-warbler relationships, and indicate that the traditional generic classification of these birds recognizes many non-monophyletic groups. We recommend a revised taxonomy in which each of 14 genera (Seiurus, Helmitheros, Mniotilta, Limnothlypis, Protonotaria, Parkesia, Vermivora, Oreothlypis, Geothlypis, Setophaga, Myioborus, Cardellina, Basileuterus, Myiothlypis) corresponds to a well-supported clade; these nomenclatural changes also involve subsuming a number of well-known, traditional wood-warbler genera (Catharopeza, Dendroica, Ergaticus, Euthlypis, Leucopeza, Oporornis, Parula, Phaeothlypis, Wilsonia). We provide a summary phylogenetic hypothesis that will be broadly applicable to investigations of the historical biogeography, processes of diversification, and evolution of trait variation in this well studied avian group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irby J Lovette
- Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14950, USA.
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Liao PC, Kuo DC, Lin CC, Ho KC, Lin TP, Hwang SY. Historical spatial range expansion and a very recent bottleneck of Cinnamomum kanehirae Hay. (Lauraceae) in Taiwan inferred from nuclear genes. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:124. [PMID: 20433752 PMCID: PMC2880300 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Species in the varied geographic topology of Taiwan underwent obvious demographic changes during glacial periods. Cinnamomum kanehirae has been exploited for timber and to obtain medicinal fungi for the past 100 years. Understanding anthropogenic factors influencing the demography of this species after the last glacial maximum (LGM) is critically important for the conservation of this species. Results Populations of C. kanehirae were classified into four geographic regions: northwestern (NW), west-central (WC), southwestern (SW), and southeastern (SE). In total, 113 individuals from 19 localities were sampled, and variations in the chalcone synthase gene (Chs) intron and leafy (Lfy) intron-2 sequences of nuclear DNA were examined in order to assess phylogeographic patterns, the timescales of demographic and evolutionary events, and recent anthropogenic effects. In total, 210 Chs and 170 Lfy sequences, which respectively constituted 36 and 35 haplotypes, were used for the analyses. Estimates of the migration rate (M) through time revealed a pattern of frequent gene flow during previous and the present interglacials. The isolation-by-distance test showed that there generally was no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances. The level of among-region genetic differentiation was significant when comparing eastern to western populations. However, no significant among-region genetic differentiation was found in comparisons among the four geographic regions. Moreover, essentially no genetic structuring was found for the three regions west of the CMR. A fit of spatial range expansion was found for pooled and regional samples according to the non-significant values of the sum of squared deviations. Using the Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) method, a recent bottleneck after the LGM expansion was detected in both regional and pooled samples. Conclusions Common haplotype distributions among geographic regions and the relatively shallow genetic structuring displayed are the result of historical gene flows. Southward dispersals in an earlier time frame from the NW region and in a later time frame from the SE region were inferred. The BSP analysis suggested a postglacial expansion event. Recent trends, however, refer to a bottleneck due to human interventions observed for both pooled and regional C. kanehirae samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Liao
- Department of Life Science, Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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MAYER C, SCHIEGG K, PASINELLI G. Patchy population structure in a short-distance migrant: evidence from genetic and demographic data. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:2353-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04200.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Phylogeography is a young, vigorous and integrative field of study that uses genetic data to understand the history of populations. This field has recently expanded into many areas of biology and also into several historical disciplines of Earth sciences. In this review, I present a numerical synthesis of the phylogeography literature based on an examination of over 3000 articles published during the first 20 years of the field (i.e. from 1987 to 2006). Information from several topics needed to evaluate the progress, tendencies and deficiencies of the field is summarized for 10 major groups of organisms and at a global scale. The topics include the geography of phylogeographic surveys, comparative nature of studies, temporal scales and major environments investigated, and genetic markers used. I also identify disparities in research productivity between the developing and the developed world, and propose ways to reduce some of the challenges faced by phylogeographers from less affluent countries. Phylogeography has experienced explosive growth in recent years fuelled by developments in DNA technology, theory and statistical analysis. I argue that the intellectual maturation of the field will eventually depend not only on these recent developments, but also on syntheses of comparative information across different regions of the globe. For this to become a reality, many empirical phylogeographic surveys in regions of the Southern Hemisphere (and in developing countries of the Northern Hemisphere) are needed. I expect the information and views presented here will assist in promoting international collaborative work in phylogeography and in guiding research efforts at both regional and global levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano B Beheregaray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Colbeck GJ, Gibbs HL, Marra PP, Hobson K, Webster MS. Phylogeography of a Widespread North American Migratory Songbird (Setophaga ruticilla). J Hered 2008; 99:453-63. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esn025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pagenkopp KM, Klicka J, Durrant KL, Garvin JC, Fleischer RC. Geographic variation in malarial parasite lineages in the common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas). CONSERV GENET 2008; 9:1577-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-007-9497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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HULL JOSHUAM, HULL ANGUSC, SACKS BENJAMINN, SMITH JEFFP, ERNEST HOLLYB. Landscape characteristics influence morphological and genetic differentiation in a widespread raptor (Buteo jamaicensis). Mol Ecol 2008; 17:810-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Milá B, McCormack JE, Castañeda G, Wayne RK, Smith TB. Recent postglacial range expansion drives the rapid diversification of a songbird lineage in the genus Junco. Proc Biol Sci 2007; 274:2653-60. [PMID: 17725978 PMCID: PMC2279216 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2007.0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleistocene glacial cycles are thought to have played a major role in the diversification of temperate and boreal species of North American birds. Given that coalescence times between sister taxa typically range from 0.1 to 2.0 Myr, it has been assumed that diversification occurred as populations were isolated in refugia over long periods of time, probably spanning one to several full glacial cycles. In contrast, the rapid postglacial range expansions and recolonization of northern latitudes following glacial maxima have received less attention as potential promoters of speciation. Here we report a case of extremely rapid diversification in the songbird genus Junco as a result of a single continent-wide range expansion within the last 10 000 years. Molecular data from 264 juncos sampled throughout their range reveal that as the yellow-eyed junco (Junco phaeonotus) of Mesoamerica expanded northward following the last glacial maximum, it speciated into the dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis), which subsequently diversified itself into at least five markedly distinct and geographically structured morphotypes in the USA and Canada. Patterns of low genetic structure and diversity in mitochondrial DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism loci found in dark-eyed juncos relative to Mesoamerican yellow-eyed juncos provide support for the hypothesis of an expansion from the south, followed by rapid diversification in the north. These results underscore the role of postglacial expansions in promoting diversification and speciation through a mechanism that represents an alternative to traditional modes of Pleistocene speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Milá
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Abstract
Despite recent advances in population genetic theory and empirical research, the extent of genetic differentiation among natural populations of animals remains difficult to predict. We reviewed studies of geographic variation in mitochondrial DNA in seabirds to test the importance of various factors in generating population genetic and phylogeographic structure. The extent of population genetic and phylogeographic structure varies extensively among species. Species fragmented by land or ice invariably exhibit population genetic structure and most also have phylogeographic structure. However, many populations (26 of 37) display genetic structure in the absence of land, suggesting that other barriers to gene flow exist. In these populations, the extent of genetic structure is best explained by nonbreeding distribution: almost all species with two or more population-specific nonbreeding areas (or seasons) have phylogeographic structure, and all species that are resident at or near breeding colonies year-round have population genetic structure. Geographic distance between colonies and foraging range appeared to have a weak influence on the extent of population genetic structure, but little evidence was found for an effect of colony dispersion or population bottlenecks. In two species (Galapagos petrel, Pterodroma phaeopygia, and Xantus's murrelet, Synthliboramphus hypoleucus), population genetic structure, and even phylogeographic structure, exist in the absence of any recognizable physical or nonphysical barrier, suggesting that other selective or behavioural processes such as philopatry may limit gene flow. Retained ancestral variation may be masking barriers to dispersal in some species, especially at high latitudes. Allopatric speciation undoubtedly occurs in this group, but reproductive isolation also appears to have evolved through founder-induced speciation, and there is strong evidence that parapatric and sympatric speciation occur. While many questions remain unanswered, results of the present review should aid conservation efforts by enabling managers to predict the extent of population differentiation in species that have not yet been studied using molecular markers, and, thus, enable the identification of management units and evolutionary significant units for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Friesen
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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33
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Abstract
Establishing patterns of movement of wild animals is crucial for our understanding of their ecology, life history and behavior, and is a prerequisite for their effective conservation. Advances in the use of stable isotope markers make it possible to track a diversity of animal species in a variety of habitats. This approach is revolutionizing the way in which we make connections between phases of the annual cycle of migratory animals. However, researchers must exercise care in their application of isotopic methods. Here, we review stable isotope patterns in nature and discuss recent tracking applications in a range of taxa. To aid in the interpretation and design of effective and insightful isotope movement studies, we discuss a series of key issues and assumptions. This exciting field will advance rapidly if researchers consider these aspects of study design and interpretation carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin R Rubenstein
- Cornell University, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Seeley G. Mudd Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-2702, USA.
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Hicks JF, Rachlow JL, Rhodes OE, Williams CL, Waits LP. Reintroduction and Genetic Structure: Rocky Mountain Elk in Yellowstone and the Western States. J Mammal 2007. [DOI: 10.1644/06-mamm-a-051r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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35
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Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that malarial parasites (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) of black-throated blue warblers (Dendroica caerulescens) provide sufficient geographical signal to track population movements between the warbler's breeding and wintering habitats in North America. Our results from 1083 warblers sampled across the species' breeding range indicate that parasite lineages are geographically widespread and do not provide site-specific information. The wide distribution of malarial parasites probably reflects postnatal dispersal of their hosts as well as mixing of breeding populations on the wintering range. When compared to geographically structured parasites of sedentary Caribbean songbirds, patterns of malarial infections in black-throated blue warblers suggest that host-malaria dynamics of migratory and sedentary bird populations may be subject to contrasting selection pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia M Fallon
- Smithsonian Institution, Genetics Program, 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA.
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36
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Abstract
Abstract
The Henicorhina wood-wren complex consists of three taxonomic species. Two of these, the Gray-breasted Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucophrys) and the White-breasted Wood-Wren (H. leucosticta), are widespread throughout Central America and northern South America, with leucophrys occurring at higher elevations in regions where both occur. A third, recently described, species—the Bar-winged Wood-Wren (H. leucoptera)—occurs only in several isolated cordilleras in southeastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru, where it replaces the Gray-breasted Wood-Wren at the highest elevations. We used mitochondrial DNA sequences to explore the phylo-genetic relationships among populations of these taxa and to draw inferences about the evolutionary origins of elevational zonation. We found substantial mitochondrial diversity within both leucophrys and leucosticta. Differentiation across the Andes in leucophrys was negligible, but populations from Central America and from northwestern Ecuador showed substantial differentiation. Three highly differentiated haplotype groups were also present in leucosticta, corresponding to populations in the eastern Andean lowlands, Central America, and the Chocó region of northwestern Ecuador; these populations may each warrant taxonomic species status. Bar-winged haplo-types nested within the mitochondrially diverse leucosticta group, where they were most closely allied to the geographically distant Chocó haplotypes. This leucoptera-leucosticta affinity is not consistent with previous inferences, based on plumage and behavioral similarities, that grouped leucoptera and leucophrys as sister species. These reconstructions refute the hypothesis that elevational zonation in this clade originated from in situ speciation along an elevational gradient, and instead highlight the role of complex changes in geographic distributions in fostering phylogenetic and ecological diversification.
Reemplazos Altitudinales y Relaciones Filogenéticas en el Género Henicorhina (Troglodytidae)
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dingle
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132, USA
| | - Irby J. Lovette
- Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - Chris Canaday
- Condominios El Batán 7-2B, Avenida de los Granados y Eloy Alfaro, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Thomas B. Smith
- Department of Organismic Biology, Ecology, and Evolution and Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Boulet M, Gibbs HL, Hobson KA. INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF GENETIC, STABLE ISOTOPE, AND BANDING DATA REVEAL MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY AND FLYWAYS IN THE NORTHERN YELLOW WARBLER (DENDROICA PETECHIA; AESTIVA GROUP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1642/0078-6594(2006)61[29:iaogsi]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Dabrowski A, Fraser R, Confer JL, Lovette IJ. Geographic variability in mitochondrial introgression among hybridizing populations of Golden-winged (Vermivora chrysoptera) and Blue-winged (V.opinus) Warblers. CONSERV GENET 2005; 6:843-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-005-9028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Peters JL, Gretes W, Omland KE. Late Pleistocene divergence between eastern and western populations of wood ducks (Aix sponsa) inferred by the 'isolation with migration' coalescent method. Mol Ecol 2005; 14:3407-18. [PMID: 16156812 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During the Late Pleistocene, glaciers sundered many species into multiple glacial refugia where populations diverged in allopatry. Although deeply divergent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages often reflect the number of refugia occupied, it is unlikely that populations that split during the recent Wisconsin glaciations will have reached reciprocal monophyly. We examined mtDNA control region sequences from eastern and western populations of wood ducks (Aix sponsa) to determine whether their current, disjunct distribution is consistent with the occupancy of two glacial refugia. We used the 'isolation with migration' coalescent method (im) to simultaneously estimate effective population sizes, maternal gene flow, and time since divergence. We found 24 unique haplotypes, none of which were shared between the eastern and western populations, but we did not find diagnostic monophyletic lineages suggestive of long-term isolation in multiple glacial refugia. However, a high Phi ST (0.31) indicates that eastern and western populations are well differentiated in mtDNA, and results from im suggest that these populations have been diverging, without extensive gene flow, for 10,000 to 124,000 years. Results from im further suggest that these populations most likely split about 34,000 years ago, and this time of divergence is consistent with the occupancy of multiple glacial refugia during the Late Wisconsin glaciation. Eastern wood ducks are characterized by high genetic diversity, a large effective population size, and a recent population expansion, while western wood ducks have much less genetic diversity, a smaller population size, and have not undergone a recent population expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Peters
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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41
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Abstract
Post-Pleistocene avian colonization of deglaciated North America occurred from multiple refugia, including a coastal refugium in the northwest. The location of a Pacific Coastal refugium is controversial; however, multiple lines of evidence suggest that it was located near the Queen Charlotte Islands (also known as Haida Gwaii). The Queen Charlotte Islands contain a disproportionately large number of endemic plants and animals including the Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri carlottae. Using five highly variable microsatellite markers, we studied population structure among eight populations of Steller's jay (N = 150) from geographical areas representing three subspecies in western North America: C. s. carlottae, C. s. stelleri and C. s. annectens. Microsatellite analyses revealed genetic differentiation between each of the three subspecies, although more extensive sampling of additional C. s. annectens populations is needed to clarify the level of subspecies differentiation. High levels of population structure were found among C. s. stelleri populations with significant differences in all but two pairwise comparisons. A significant isolation by distance pattern was observed amongst populations in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. In the C. s. carlottae population, there was evidence of reduced genetic variation, higher number of private alleles than northern C. s. stelleri populations and higher levels of divergence between Queen Charlotte Island and other populations. We were unable to reject the hypothesis that the Queen Charlotte Islands served as a refugium during the Pleistocene. Steller's jay may have colonized the Queen Charlotte Islands near the end of the last glaciation or persisted throughout the Pleistocene, and this subspecies may thus represent a glacial relic. The larger number of private alleles, despite reduced genetic variation, morphological distinctiveness and high divergence from other populations suggests that the Queen Charlotte Island colonization pre-dates that of the mainland. Furthermore, our results show rapid divergence in Steller's jay populations on the mainland following the retreat of the ice sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Burg
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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Veit ML, Robertson RJ, Hamel PB, Friesen VL. Population genetic structure and dispersal across a fragmented landscape in cerulean warblers (Dendroica cerulea). CONSERV GENET 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-004-7831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Abstract
We investigated the genetic population structure and species status of a relatively sedentary bird that is a permanent resident of western North American forests, the blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus). Phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial control region DNA sequences resulted in the identification of three basal clades of haplotypes that were largely congruent with well-known biogeographical regions. These clades corresponded to the parapatric sooty (D. o. fuliginosus) and dusky (D. o. obscurus) subspecies groups of blue grouse plus a previously unrecognized division between northern and southern dusky grouse populations; the latter does not correspond closely to any currently recognized subspecies boundary. Approximately 66% of the total genetic variation was distributed among these three regions. Maximum likelihood estimates of gene flow between the regions were low or asymmetric; gene flow has been insufficient to prevent genetic divergence between dusky and sooty grouse. Estimates of gene flow among populations within sooty grouse were large except across the Columbia River valley. Among populations of dusky grouse, estimates of gene flow were heterogeneous and asymmetrical, reflecting large-scale fragmentation of the distribution due to landscape features and associated vegetation. Genetic, morphological and behavioural evidence suggest that sooty and dusky grouse are species-level taxa; the specific status of a third clade remains ambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Barrowclough
- Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA.
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Hull JM, Girman DJ. Effects of Holocene climate change on the historical demography of migrating sharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter striatus velox) in North America. Mol Ecol 2004; 14:159-70. [PMID: 15643959 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2004.02366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
DNA sequences of the mitochondrial control region were analysed from 298 individual sharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter striatus velox) sampled at 12 different migration study sites across North America. The control region proved to be an appropriate genetic marker for identification of continental-scale population genetic structure and for determining the historical demography of population units. These data suggest that sharp-shinned hawks sampled at migration sites in North America are divided into distinct eastern and western groups. The eastern group appears to have recently expanded in response to the retreat of glacial ice at the end of the last glacial maximum. The western group appears to have been strongly effected by the Holocene Hypsithermal dry period, with molecular evidence indicating the most recent expansion following this mid-Holocene climatic event 7000-5000 years before present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Hull
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA 94928-3609, USA
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45
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Abstract
The California Floristic Province harbours more endemic plant and animal taxa and more identifiable subspecies than any other area of comparable size in North America. We present evidence that physical historical processes have resulted in congruent patterns of genetic diversity over the past 2-10 million years. Using a molecular clock approach we show that diversification and establishment of spatial genetic structure across six taxonomic groups coincide with the putative age of California's mountain ranges and aridification in the region. Our results demonstrate the importance of geographical barriers and climatological events to species diversification and the overall geographical structure of biodiversity. These results should facilitate conservation efforts in this biodiversity hotspot for taxa whose population genetic structure is still unknown and may suggest the potential utility of this approach in regional conservation planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Calsbeek
- Center for Tropical Research, 1609 Hershey Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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46
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Clegg SM, Kelly JF, Kimura M, Smith TB. Combining genetic markers and stable isotopes to reveal population connectivity and migration patterns in a neotropical migrant, Wilson's warbler (Wilsonia pusilla). Mol Ecol 2003; 12:819-30. [PMID: 12753204 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.01757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We used results from the analysis of microsatellite DNA variation and hydrogen stable-isotope ratios to characterize the population structure of a neotropical migrant passerine, the Wilson's warbler (Wilsonia pusilla). The resulting information was then used to infer migration patterns and population connectivity between breeding grounds in North America and overwintering areas in Mexico and Central America. The microsatellite data revealed genetic structure across the North American continent; populations in the west were found to significantly differ from the east. Minimal genetic structure was observed among western sites. The lack of isolation by distance and low variance in FST values suggests that gene flow could play an ongoing role in limiting genetic differentiation among sites in the western part of the distribution. However, additional information including estimates of effective population size and the proximity of the population to equilibrium is required before the role of gene flow can be assessed fully. Analysis of isotope data showed a negative relationship between latitude and hydrogen isotope ratios in breeding ground individuals. There was a positive relationship between wintering ground latitude and hydrogen isotope ratios for individuals that were genetically western in origin. This is consistent with a leapfrog pattern of migration, in which genetically western birds from the northernmost breeding areas overwinter at the most southerly locations in Central America. Additionally, isotopic ratios of western birds suggest that coastal breeders overwinter in western Mexico, while western birds from further inland and at high elevations overwinter in eastern Mexico. Using information from both genetic an isotopic approaches will probably be useful for identifying patterns of migration and population connectivity between breeding and overwintering areas, both important issues for conservation efforts, and may also contribute to investigation of the evolution of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya M Clegg
- Center for Tropical Research, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.
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PARMAKELIS A, SPANOS E, PAPAGIANNAKIS G, LOUIS C, MYLONAS M. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny and morphological diversity in the genus Mastus (Beck, 1837): a study in a recent (Holocene) island group (Koufonisi, south-east Crete). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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