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Montufar-Solis D, Vigneswaran N, Nakra N, Schaefer JS, Klein JR. Hematopoietic not systemic impairment of Roquin expression accounts for intestinal inflammation in Roquin-deficient mice. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4920. [PMID: 24815331 PMCID: PMC4017215 DOI: 10.1038/srep04920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Roquin, an E3 ligase, is involved in curtailing autoimmune pathology as seen from studies using mice with mutated (Rc3h1san/san) or disrupted (Rc3h1gt/gt) Rc3h1 gene. The extent to which intestinal immunopathology is caused by insufficient Roquin expression in the immune system, or by Roquin impairment in non-hematopoietic cells, has not been determined. Using bone marrow cells from Rc3h1gt/gt mice transferred into irradiated normal mice (Rc3h1gt/gt → NL chimeras), we show that inflammation developed in the small intestine, kidney, lung, liver, and spleen. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were elevated in lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs). Inflammation in the liver was accompanied by areas of hepatocyte apoptosis. Lung inflammation consisted of an influx of both T cells and B cells. Small intestinal LPLs had increased numbers of CD44hi, CD62Llo, KLRG1+, ICOS+ short-lived effector cells, indicating an influx of activated T cells. Following oral infection with L. monocytogenes, Rc3h1gt/gt → NL chimeras had more liver pathology and greater numbers of bacteria in the Peyer's patches than NL → NL chimeras. These findings demonstrate that small intestinal inflammation in Rc3h1san/san and Rc3h1gt/gt mice is due to a failure of Roquin expression in the immune system and not to insufficient systemic Roquin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Montufar-Solis
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Nadarajah Vigneswaran
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Niyati Nakra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - Jeremy S Schaefer
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054 USA
| | - John R Klein
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054 USA
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Lee JB, Chang J. CD43 Expression Regulated by IL-12 Signaling Is Associated with Survival of CD8 T Cells. Immune Netw 2010; 10:153-63. [PMID: 21165244 PMCID: PMC2993947 DOI: 10.4110/in.2010.10.5.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to TCR and costimulatory signals, cytokine signals are required for the differentiation of activated CD8 T cells into memory T cells and their survival. Previously, we have shown that IL-12 priming during initial antigenic stimulation significantly enhanced the survival of activated CD8 T cells and increased the memory cell population. In the present study, we analyzed the mechanisms by which IL-12 priming contributes to activation and survival of CD8 T cells. Methods We observed dramatically decreased expression of CD43 in activated CD8 T cells by IL-12 priming. We purified CD43lo and CD43hi cells after IL-12 priming and analyzed the function and survival of each population both in vivo and in vitro. Results Compared to CD43hi effector cells, CD43lo effector CD8 T cells exhibited reduced cytolytic activity and lower granzyme B expression but showed increased survival. CD43lo effector CD8 T cells also showed increased in vivo expansion after adoptive transfer and antigen challenge. The enhanced survival of CD43lo CD8 T cells was also partly associated with CD62L expression. Conclusion We suggest that CD43 expression regulated by IL-12 priming plays an important role in differentiation and survival of CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Boong Lee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Center for Cell Signaling & Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Sacristán C, Schattgen SA, Berg LJ, Bunnell SC, Roy AL, Rosenstein Y. Characterization of a novel interaction between transcription factor TFII-I and the inducible tyrosine kinase in T cells. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39:2584-95. [PMID: 19701889 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200839031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
TCR signaling leads to the activation of kinases such as inducible tyrosine kinase (Itk), a key regulatory protein in T-lymphocyte activation and function. The homolog of Itk in B cells is Bruton's tyrosine kinase, previously shown to bind and phosphorylate the transcription factor TFII-I. TFII-I plays major roles in transcription and signaling. Our purpose herein was twofold: first, to identify some of the molecular determinants involved in TFII-I activation downstream of receptor crosslinking in T cells and second, to uncover the existence of Itk-TFII-I signaling in T lymphocytes. We report for the first time that TFII-I is tyrosine phosphorylated upon TCR, TCR/CD43, and TCR/CD28 co-receptor engagement in human and/or murine T cells. We show that Itk physically interacts with TFII-I and potentiates TFII-I-driven c-fos transcription. We demonstrate that TFII-I is phosphorylated upon co-expression of WT, but not kinase-dead, or kinase-dead/R29C mutant Itk, suggesting these residues are important for TFII-I phosphorylation, presumably via an Itk-dependent mechanism. Structural analysis of TFII-I-Itk interactions revealed that the first 90 residues of TFII-I are dispensable for Itk binding. Mutations within Itk's kinase, pleckstrin-homology, and proline-rich regions did not abolish TFII-I-Itk binding. Our results provide an initial step in understanding the biological role of Itk-TFII-I signaling in T-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Sacristán
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
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Abstract
The vast majority of peripheral T cells exist as resting lymphocytes until a signal for activation has been received. In response to antigen, this activation involves ligation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and signal transmission through the CD3 complex, which then initiates a cascade of intracellular events that lead to the expression of genes used in T-cell activation. T-cell activation also requires soluble mediators in the form of cytokines and chemokines that regulate the process in both positive and negative ways, and costimulatory signals received in conjunction with TCR/CD3 signaling are important in the activation of T cells. Unlike T cells in other peripheral immune compartments, small and large intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) bear some but not all properties of activated T cells, suggesting that they constitute a large population of 'partially activated' effector cells. Thus, regulation of the IEL activation process must be held in tight check, yet it must be ready to respond to foreign antigen rapidly and effectively. We discuss how costimulatory molecules may hold the key to controlling IEL activation through a multiphase process beginning with cells that have already entered into the early stage of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Montufar-Solis
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Branch, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Fierro NA, Pedraza-Alva G, Rosenstein Y. TCR-Dependent Cell Response Is Modulated by the Timing of CD43 Engagement. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 176:7346-53. [PMID: 16751378 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.12.7346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Binding of Ag by the Ag receptor in combination with other stimuli provided by costimulatory receptors triggers the expansion and differentiation of T lymphocytes. However, it is unclear whether the time when costimulatory molecules interact with their counterreceptors with regards to Ag recognition leads to different T cell responses. Provided that the coreceptor molecule CD43 is a very abundant molecule evenly distributed on the membrane of T cell surface protruding 45 nm from the cell, we hypothesized that CD43 is one of the first molecules that interacts with the APC and thus modulates TCR activation. We show that engaging CD43 before or simultaneously with the TCR inhibited Lck-Src homology 2 domain containing phosphatase-1 interaction, preventing the onset of a negative feedback loop on TCR signals, favoring high levels of IL-2, cell proliferation, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In contrast, the intracellular signals resulting of engaging the TCR before CD43 were insufficient to induce IL-2 production and cell proliferation. Interestingly, when stimulated through the TCR and CD28, cells proliferated vigorously, independent of the order with which molecules were engaged. These results indicate that CD43 induces a signaling cascade that prolongs the duration of TCR signaling and support the temporal summation model for T cell activation. In addition to the strength and duration of intracellular signals, our data underscore temporality with which certain molecules are engaged as yet another mechanism to fine tune T cell signal quality, and ultimately immune function.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Clonal Anergy/immunology
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/physiology
- Leukosialin/immunology
- Leukosialin/metabolism
- Leukosialin/physiology
- Ligands
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/physiology
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Phosphatase 1
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A Fierro
- Instituto de Biotecnología and Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos
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Montufar-Solis D, Garza T, Teng BB, Klein JR. Upregulation of ICOS on CD43+ CD4+ murine small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes during acute reovirus infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 342:782-90. [PMID: 16500623 PMCID: PMC2894703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Murine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) can be classified according to expression of a CD43 glycoform recognized by the S7 monoclonal antibody. In this study, we examined the response of S7+ and S7- IELs in mice during acute reovirus serotype 3 (Dearing strain) infection, which was confirmed by virus-specific real-time PCR. In vivo proliferation increased significantly for both S7- and S7+ IELs on day 4 post-infection as determined by BrdU incorporation; however, expression of the inducible costimulatory (ICOS) molecule, which peaked on day 7 post-infection, was upregulated on S7+ CD4+ T cells, most of which were CD4+8- IELs. In vitro ICOS stimulation by syngeneic peritoneal macrophages induced IFN-gamma secretion from IELs from day 7 infected mice, and was suppressed by treatment with anti-ICOS mAb. Additionally, IFN-gamma mRNA increased in CD4+ IELs on day 6 post-infection. These findings indicate that S7- and S7+ IELs are differentially mobilized during the immune response to reovirus infection; that the regulated expression of ICOS is associated with S7+ IELs; and that stimulation of IELs through ICOS enhances IFN-gamma synthesis during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Montufar-Solis
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Branch, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Montufar-Solis D, Garza T, Klein JR. Selective upregulation of immune regulatory and effector cytokine synthesis by intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes following CD43 costimulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 338:1158-63. [PMID: 16246302 PMCID: PMC2894695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the CD43 molecule in the activation of mouse small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) has been studied using a panel of twenty-two regulatory and effector immune response analytes. In the absence of stimulation in vitro, IELs produced low levels of CCL5 only. Upon CD3 stimulation, the activity of seven of twenty-two analytes was elevated relative to unstimulated cultures, including several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Notably, CD3 stimulation in the presence of CD43 costimulation resulted in elevated levels of five analytes (interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, CCL5, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor) above that produced by CD3 stimulation alone. That CD43 costimulation was responsible for elevated cytokine/chemokine activity was confirmed at the transcriptional level by real-time PCR for IFN-gamma and CCL5, and by ELISA for IFN-gamma. These findings open the way to a better understanding of the process by which T cells are activated in the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John R. Klein
- Address correspondence to: John R. Klein, PhD, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dental Branch, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rm 3.094F, 6516 MD Anderson Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, Tel: 713-500-4369, Fax: 713-500-4416,
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Klein JR. T-cell activation in the curious world of the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte. Immunol Res 2005; 30:327-37. [PMID: 15531773 DOI: 10.1385/ir:30:3:327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In conventional terms, when T cells encounter appropriate stimuli, they are induced to undergo molecular and physical changes that confer upon them a state of activation. Once initiated, activation generally results in a state of full T-cell responsiveness in an all-or-none manner. Uniquely, however, the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) bear features that are decidedly different from those of T cells located throughout other immunological compartments in that they exhibit some but not all properties of activated T cells, yet they can be induced to move further into activation provided appropriate costimulatory signals have been received. IEL costimulatory molecules some of which are constitutively expressed, whereas others are upregulated following T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 stimulation appear to hold the key to determining the nature and magnitude of the activational process. A system of activation such as this in the intestine would be expected to have great immunological protective value for the host because it would provide an untrammeled process of T-cell activation at a barrier site where the level of antigen exposure is consistently high. Clearly, however, mechanisms must be in place to insure that the IEL activation process is not inadvertently breached. These and other issues central to the operational workings of the intestinal immune system are elaborated in this article, and a model is presented in which IEL activation can be viewed as a layered, three-stage activational process.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Klein
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Branch, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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10
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Mattioli I, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Livingstone M, Kracht M, Schmitz ML. Comparative analysis of T-cell costimulation and CD43 activation reveals novel signaling pathways and target genes. Blood 2004; 104:3302-4. [PMID: 15280197 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The CD43 lymphocyte surface receptor is involved in the regulation of lymphocyte adhesion and activation. Many CD43 functions remain controversial or unclear, and it is not known to which extent CD43 signaling pathways are shared with or distinct from those used by the T-cell receptor (TCR). Here, we systematically compared signaling events and target gene expression induced by CD43 or T-cell costimulation in primary human peripheral T cells. These studies identify nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 serine 468 as a novel inducible phosphorylation site strongly induced by T-cell costimulation and only weakly triggered by CD43 ligation. We also identified CD43 as a novel Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activator and a comprehensive analysis of further signaling events suggests that both stimuli use overlapping but also distinct signaling pathways. Microarray analysis of inflammatory genes shows 1 group of genes coregulated by both stimuli and 2 further groups of target genes affected solely by costimulation or primarily by CD43. (Blood. 2004;104:3302-3304)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mattioli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestr. 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Wang HC, Montufar-Solis D, Teng BB, Klein JR. Maximum Immunobioactivity of Murine Small Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Resides in a Subpopulation of CD43+ T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:6294-302. [PMID: 15528368 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.10.6294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD43 has been linked to many function-associated T cell activities. Using mAbs that recognize two different CD43 determinants, we show that, although mouse small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) expressed the CD43 core molecule reactive with mAb R2/60, only about one-half of the total IELs-including some but not all of the TCRalphabeta and TCRgammadelta cells-expressed the CD43 S7(-) reactive determinant. CD43 S7(+) IELs secreted more IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-gamma following anti-CD3 stimulation, and were >4-fold more cytotoxic in fresh isolates and >16-fold more cytotoxic after anti-CD3 stimulation, than S7(-) IELs. S7(+) but not S7(-) IELs from the ileum of IL-10(-/-) mice spontaneously produced IFN-gamma. In vivo BrdU uptake by IELs in non-Ag-primed mice was greatest in the S7(+) population, indicating that significantly more S7(+) IELs than S7(-) IELs undergo cell expansion under normal homeostatic conditions. DNA microarray analyses showed that S7(+) IELs expressed higher levels of genes associated with activated T cells, whereas S7(-) IELs expressed genes used in the regulation of NK cells. These findings define two functionally distinct populations of IELs based on CD43 expression independent of TCR class, and they identify a subset of IELs that may serve as a target to better control intestinal inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Female
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-10/deficiency
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Intestinal Mucosa/cytology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/cytology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Leukosialin
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods
- Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- Sialoglycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Sialoglycoproteins/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Up-Regulation/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Heuy-Ching Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Dental Branch, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6516 M.D. Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Barat C, Tremblay MJ. Engagement of CD43 enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcriptional activity and virus production that is induced upon TCR/CD3 stimulation. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:28714-24. [PMID: 12045189 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111935200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcriptional activity is regulated by several cytokines and T cell activators. CD43 (sialophorin) is a sialoglycoprotein expressed on the surface of a wide variety of blood cells including T lymphocytes. Several studies have shown that CD43 ligation induces proliferation and activation of human T lymphocytes. We were thus interested in defining whether CD43-mediated signaling events can modulate the life cycle of HIV-1. We demonstrate here that CD43 cross-linking potentiates HIV-1 promoter-driven activity and virus production that is seen following the engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR).CD3 complex. This effect is independent of the CD28 co-stimulatory molecule and is mediated by both NF-kappaB and NFAT transcription factors. A number of signal transducers known to be involved in the TCR/CD3-dependent signal transduction pathway, including p56(lck), p36(lat), and SLP-76, as well as capacitative entry of calcium, are crucial for the noticed CD43 co-stimulatory effect. Calcium mobilization studies indicate that a synergy is occurring between CD43- and TCR/CD3-mediated signaling events leading to an augmented calcium release. These data suggest that CD43 can be seen as a co-stimulatory cell surface constituent that can modulate HIV-1 expression in T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Barat
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Hôpital CHUL, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, and Département de Biologie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
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