1
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Wang H, Hou MJ, Liao L, Li P, Chen T, Wang P, Zhu BT. Strong Protection by 4-Hydroxyestrone against Erastin-Induced Ferroptotic Cell Death in Estrogen Receptor-Negative Human Breast Cancer Cells: Evidence for Protein Disulfide Isomerase as a Mechanistic Target for Protection. Biochemistry 2024; 63:984-999. [PMID: 38569593 PMCID: PMC11025120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of regulated cell death, characterized by excessive iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have demonstrated that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is an important mediator of chemically induced ferroptosis and also a new target for protection against ferroptosis-associated cell death. In the present study, we identified that 4-hydroxyestrone (4-OH-E1), a metabolic derivative of endogenous estrogen, is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of PDI, and can strongly protect against chemically induced ferroptotic cell death in the estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Pull-down and CETSA assays demonstrated that 4-OH-E1 can directly bind to PDI both in vitro and in intact cells. Computational modeling analysis revealed that 4-OH-E1 forms two hydrogen bonds with PDI His256, which is essential for its binding interaction and thus inhibition of PDI's catalytic activity. Additionally, PDI knockdown attenuates the protective effect of 4-OH-E1 as well as cystamine (a known PDI inhibitor) against chemically induced ferroptosis in human breast cancer cells. Importantly, inhibition of PDI by 4-OH-E1 and cystamine or PDI knockdown by siRNAs each markedly reduces iNOS activity and NO accumulation, which has recently been demonstrated to play an important role in erastin-induced ferroptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that 4-OH-E1 is a novel inhibitor of PDI and can strongly inhibit ferroptosis in human breast cancer cells in an estrogen receptor-independent manner. The mechanistic understanding gained from the present study may also aid in understanding the estrogen receptor-independent cytoprotective actions of endogenous estrogen metabolites in many noncancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Wang
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ming-Jie Hou
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Lixi Liao
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Peng Li
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Tongxiang Chen
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Bao Ting Zhu
- Shenzhen
Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Nakipoglu M, Özkabadayı Y, Karahan S, Tezcaner A. Bilayer wound dressing composed of asymmetric polycaprolactone membrane and chitosan-carrageenan hydrogel incorporating storax balsam. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:128020. [PMID: 37956814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive approach is needed to develop multifunctional wound dressing that is simple yet efficient. In this work, Liquidambar orientalis Mill. storax loaded hydroxyethyl chitosan (HECS)-carrageenan (kC) based hydrogel (HECS-kC) and polydopamine coated asymmetric polycaprolactone membrane (PCL-DOP) were used to develop a multifunctional and modular bilayer wound dressing. Asymmetric PCL-DOP membrane was prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) followed by polydopamine coating and demonstrated an excellent barrier against bacteria while allowing permeability for 5.45 ppm dissolved‑oxygen and 2130 g/m2 water vapor transmission in 24 h in addition to 805 kPa tensile strength. Storax loaded HECS-kC hydrogel, on the other hand, demonstrated a pH-responsive degradation and swelling to provide necessary conditions to facilitate wound healing. The hydrogels showed stretchability above 140 %, mild adhesive strength on sheep skin and PCL-DOP membrane, while the storax incorporation enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, rat full-thickness skin defect model showed that the developed bilayer wound dressing could significantly facilitate wound healing compared to Tegaderm™ and control groups. This study shows that the bilayered wound dressing has the potential to be used as a simple and effective wound care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Nakipoglu
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bartin University, Bartin 74100, Turkey.
| | - Yasin Özkabadayı
- Department of Histology, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale 71450, Turkey.
| | - Siyami Karahan
- Department of Histology, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale 71450, Turkey.
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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3
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Tran NKS, Trinh TA, Pyo J, Kim CG, Park JG, Kang KS. Neuroprotective Potential of Pyranocoumarins from Angelica gigas Nakai on Glutamate-Induced Hippocampal Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1651. [PMID: 37627646 PMCID: PMC10451762 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic neurodegenerative diseases are typically associated with oxidative stress conditions leading to neuronal cell death. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of three pyranocoumarins (decursin, decursinol angelate, and decursinol) targeting oxidative stress factors. Decursin (also known as dehydro-8-prenylnaringenin) is a prenylated coumarin compound consisting of a coumarin ring system with a prenyl group attached to one of the carbons in the ring. As a secondary metabolite of plants, pyranocoumarin decursin from Angelica gigas Nakai presented protective effects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22, a murine hippocampal neuronal cell line. Decursinol (DOH) is a metabolite of decursin, sharing same coumarin ring system but a slightly different chemical structure with the prenyl group replaced by a hydroxyl group (-OH). In our findings, DOH was ineffective while decursin was, suggesting that this prenyl structure may be important for compound absorption and neuroprotection. By diminishing the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species as well as stimulating the expression of HO-1, decursin triggers the self-protection system in neuronal cells. Additionally, decursin also revealed an anti-apoptotic effect by inhibiting chromatin condensation and reducing the forming of annexin-V-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuy An Trinh
- Saigon Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam;
| | - Jaesung Pyo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang Geon Kim
- Advanced Bio Convergence Center (ABCC), Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Gyu Park
- Advanced Bio Convergence Center (ABCC), Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang 37668, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea;
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4
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Jacques MT, de Souza V, Barbosa FAR, Faria Santos Canto R, Lopes SC, Prediger RD, Braga AL, Aschner M, Farina M. Novel Probucol Analogue, 4,4'-Diselanediylbis (2,6-Di- tert-Butylphenol), Prevents Oxidative Glutamate Neurotoxicity In Vitro and Confers Neuroprotection in a Rodent Model of Ischemic Stroke. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:2857-2867. [PMID: 37499207 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative glutamate toxicity is regarded as one of the injurious mechanisms associated with ischemic stroke, which represents a major health problem and requires improved pharmacological treatments. We designed and synthesized two new probucol analogues [2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-selenocyanatophenol (C1) and 4,4'-diselanediylbis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) (C2)] and investigated their effects against glutamate-induced neuronal oxidative toxicity in vitro in cultured HT22 cells, compared with their parental compound (probucol). In addition, C2, which exhibited the lowest toxicity, was investigated in an in vivo rodent model of ischemic stroke. Glutamate caused concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in HT22 neuronal cells, which was preceded by increased levels of oxidants and depletion of the antioxidant glutathione. The analogues (C1 and C2), but not probucol, significantly decreased the levels of oxidants (including mitochondrial superoxide anion and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS)) and protected against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. In the in vivo model of ischemic stroke, which was based on central injections of the vasoconstrictor agent endothelin-1 (800 pmol/site), C2 (20 or 50 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally, for 4 consecutive days after stroke) displayed significant beneficial effects against ischemic injury in vivo, improving rats' motor-related behavioral skills and decreasing stroke-related striatal gliosis. This is the first study to design, synthesize, and present a probucol analogue (C2) with in vivo beneficial effects against ischemic stroke. This novel compound, which was able to mitigate glutamate-induced oxidative toxicity in vitro, represents a promising neuroprotective drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Tavares Jacques
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo Faria Santos Canto
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil
| | - Samantha Cristiane Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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5
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Josifovska S, Panov S, Hadzi-Petrushev N, Mitrokhin V, Kamkin A, Stojchevski R, Avtanski D, Mladenov M. Positive Tetrahydrocurcumin-Associated Brain-Related Metabolomic Implications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093734. [PMID: 37175144 PMCID: PMC10179939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is a metabolite of curcumin (CUR). It shares many of CUR's beneficial biological activities in addition to being more water-soluble, chemically stable, and bioavailable compared to CUR. However, its mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. This paper addresses the preventive role of THC on various brain dysfunctions as well as its effects on brain redox processes, traumatic brain injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease in various animal or cell culture models. In addition to its strong antioxidant properties, the effects of THC on the reduction of amyloid β aggregates are also well documented. The therapeutic potential of THC to treat patterns of mitochondrial brain dysmorphic dysfunction is also addressed and thoroughly reviewed, as is evidence from experimental studies about the mechanism of mitochondrial failure during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. THC treatment also results in a dose-dependent decrease in ERK-mediated phosphorylation of GRASP65, which prevents further compartmentalization of the Golgi apparatus. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is possibly the most involved mechanism in the anti-apoptotic effect of THC. Overall, studies in various animal models of different brain disorders suggest that THC can be used as a dietary supplement to protect against traumatic brain injury and even improve brain function in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We suggest further preclinical studies be conducted to demonstrate the brain-protective, anti-amyloid, and anti-Parkinson effects of THC. Application of the methods used in the currently reviewed studies would be useful and should help define doses and methods of THC administration in different disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Josifovska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Sasho Panov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street, 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andre Kamkin
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street, 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Radoslav Stojchevski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Mitko Mladenov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
- Department of Physiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova Street, 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Spatz P, Steinmüller SAM, Tutov A, Poeta E, Morilleau A, Carles A, Deventer MH, Hofmann J, Stove CP, Monti B, Maurice T, Decker M. Dual-Acting Small Molecules: Subtype-Selective Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist/Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor Hybrids Show Neuroprotection in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6414-6435. [PMID: 37127287 PMCID: PMC10184129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the synthesis and characterization of merged human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) inhibitor/cannabinoid receptor 2 (hCB2R) ligands for the treatment of neurodegeneration. In total, 15 benzimidazole carbamates were synthesized and tested for their inhibition of human cholinesterases, also with regard to their pseudoirreversible binding mode and affinity toward both cannabinoid receptors in radioligand binding studies. After evaluation in a calcium mobilization assay as well as a β-arrestin 2 (βarr2) recruitment assay, two compounds with balanced activities on both targets were tested for their immunomodulatory effect on microglia activation and regarding their pharmacokinetic properties and blood-brain barrier penetration. Compound 15d, containing a dimethyl carbamate motif, was further evaluated in vivo, showing prevention of Aβ25-35-induced learning impairments in a pharmacological mouse model of Alzheimer's disease for both short- and long-term memory responses. Additional combination studies proved a synergic effect of BChE inhibition and CB2R activation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Spatz
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sophie A M Steinmüller
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Tutov
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Axelle Morilleau
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Allison Carles
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie H Deventer
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christophe P Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Jeon KB, Lee SH, Kwon YS, Beak JH, Lee H, Ma CJ. Protective effect of fermented aloe extract on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:318-327. [PMID: 36605589 PMCID: PMC9809408 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2147584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive glutamate can cause oxidative stress in neuronal cells and this can significantly contribute to the etiology of neurodegenerative disease. The present study mainly aims to investigate that aloe extract (AE) and fermented aloe extract (FAE) could protect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress. In this study, both AE and FAE showed potent neuroprotective activity by inhibiting ROS and Ca2+ concentration, increasing mitochondria membrane potential, and activating glutathione-related enzymes against glutamate-insulted neurotoxicity in HT22 cells. In addition, the neuroprotective activity of FAE was more potent than that of AE. HPLC analysis reveals that the chemical composition of FAE is different from that of AE. Especially, the contents of aloin A, aloin B and aloenin were higher in FAE than in AE. In conclusion, this study indicates that both AE and FAE may have effective neuroprotective activity in glutamate-insulted pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease by managing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Beom Jeon
- R&DB Center, Beauty Science, Ltd., Sejong, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Hyeon Lee
- R&DB Center, Beauty Science, Ltd., Sejong, Korea
| | - Choong Je Ma
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea,Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea, Choong Je Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea. Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
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8
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Choi HJ, Chen TX, Hou MJ, Song JH, Li P, Liu CF, Wang P, Zhu BT. Protection against glutathione depletion-associated oxidative neuronal death by neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine: Protein disulfide isomerase as a mechanistic target for neuroprotection. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2527-2541. [PMID: 35347247 PMCID: PMC9525605 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is extensively involved in neurodegeneration. Clinical evidence shows that keeping the mind active through mentally-stimulating physical activities can effectively slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. With increased physical activities, more neurotransmitters would be released in the brain. In the present study, we investigated whether some of the released neurotransmitters might have a beneficial effect against oxidative neurodegeneration in vitro. Glutamate-induced, glutathione depletion-associated oxidative cytotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells was used as an experimental model. We showed that norepinephrine (NE, 50 µM) or dopamine (DA, 50 µM) exerted potent protective effect against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity, but this effect was not observed when other neurotransmitters such as histamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, glycine and acetylcholine were tested. In glutamate-treated HT22 cells, both NE and DA significantly suppressed glutathione depletion-associated mitochondrial dysfunction including mitochondrial superoxide accumulation, ATP depletion and mitochondrial AIF release. Moreover, both NE and DA inhibited glutathione depletion-associated MAPKs activation, p53 phosphorylation and GADD45α activation. Molecular docking analysis revealed that NE and DA could bind to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). In biochemical enzymatic assay in vitro, NE and DA dose-dependently inhibited the reductive activity of PDI. We further revealed that the protective effect of NE and DA against glutamate-induced oxidative cytotoxicity was mediated through inhibition of PDI-catalyzed dimerization of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that NE and DA may have a protective effect against oxidative neurodegeneration through inhibition of protein disulfide isomerase and the subsequent activation of the MAPKs‒p53‒GADD45α oxidative cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Joung Choi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Tong-Xiang Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Ming-Jie Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, and Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Bao Ting Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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9
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Hofmann J, Spatz P, Walther R, Gutmann M, Maurice T, Decker M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Flavonoid‐Cinnamic Acid Amide Hybrids with Distinct Activity against Neurodegeneration in Vitro and in Vivo. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200786. [PMID: 35621167 PMCID: PMC9400986 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic natural products and have shown significant potential as disease‐modifying agents against neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), with activities even in vivo. Hybridization of the natural products taxifolin and silibinin with cinnamic acid led to an overadditive effect of these compounds in several phenotypic screening assays related to neurodegeneration and AD. Therefore, we have exchanged the flavonoid part of the hybrids with different flavonoids, which show higher efficacy than taxifolin or silibinin, to improve the activity of the respective hybrids. Chemical connection between the flavonoid and cinnamic acid was realized by an amide instead of a labile ester bond to improve stability towards hydrolysis. To investigate the influence of a double bond at the C‐ring of the flavonoid, the dehydro analogues of the respective hybrids were also synthesized. All compounds obtained show neuroprotection against oxytosis, ferroptosis and ATP‐depletion, respectively, in the murine hippocampal cell line HT22. Interestingly, the taxifolin and the quercetin derivatives are the most active compounds, whereby the quercetin derivate shows even more pronounced activity than the taxifolin one in all assays applied. As aimed for, no hydrolysis product was found in cellular uptake experiments after 4 h whereas different metabolites were detected. Furthermore, the quercetin‐cinnamic acid amide showed pronounced activity in an in vivo AD mouse model at a remarkably low dose of 0.3 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Philipp Spatz
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Rasmus Walther
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Marcus Gutmann
- Drug Formulation and Delivery Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry University of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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10
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Pei Y, Qian Y, Wang H, Tan L. Epigenetic Regulation of Ferroptosis-Associated Genes and Its Implication in Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:771870. [PMID: 35174081 PMCID: PMC8841808 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.771870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an evolutionarily conserved form of regulated cell death triggered by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis contributes to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions while its aberration is tightly connected with lots of pathophysiological processes such as acute tissue injury, chronic degenerative disease, and tumorigenesis. Epigenetic regulation controls chromatin structure and gene expression by writing/reading/erasing the covalent modifications on DNA, histone, and RNA, without altering the DNA sequence. Accumulating evidences suggest that epigenetic regulation is involved in the determination of cellular vulnerability to ferroptosis. Here, we summarize the recent advances on the epigenetic mechanisms that control the expression of ferroptosis-associated genes and thereby the ferroptosis process. Moreover, the potential value of epigenetic drugs in targeting or synergizing ferroptosis during cancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzi Pei
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Qian
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li Tan, ; Hao Wang,
| | - Li Tan
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li Tan, ; Hao Wang,
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11
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Ko J, Jang S, Kwon W, Kim SY, Jang S, Kim E, Ji YR, Park S, Kim MO, Choi SK, Cho DH, Lee HS, Lim SG, Ryoo ZY. Protective Effect of GIP against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Ferroptosis in Mouse Hippocampal HT-22 Cells through the MAPK Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020189. [PMID: 35204073 PMCID: PMC8868324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) on cells under oxidative stress induced by glutamate, a neurotransmitter, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were assessed in the present study. We found that in the pre-treatment of HT-22 cells with glutamate in a dose-dependent manner, intracellular ROS were excessively generated, and additional cell damage occurred in the form of lipid peroxidation. The neurotoxicity caused by excessive glutamate was found to be ferroptosis and not apoptosis. Other factors (GPx-4, Nrf2, Nox1 and Hspb1) involved in ferroptosis were also identified. In other words, it was confirmed that GIP increased the activity of sub-signalling molecules in the process of suppressing ferroptosis as an antioxidant and maintained a stable cell cycle even under glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. At the same time, in HT-22 cells exposed to ferroptosis as a result of excessive glutamate accumulation, GIP sustained cell viability by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. These results suggest that the overexpression of the GIP gene increases cell viability by regulating mechanisms related to cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species production in hippocampal neuronal cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Ko
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Soyoung Jang
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (W.K.); (S.-K.C.)
- Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Si-Yong Kim
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Soyeon Jang
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Eungyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si 37224, Korea; (E.K.); (M.-O.K.)
| | - Young-Rae Ji
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Section on Sensory Cell Regeneration and Development, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sijun Park
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 42988, Korea;
| | - Myoung-Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si 37224, Korea; (E.K.); (M.-O.K.)
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (W.K.); (S.-K.C.)
- Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
| | - Su-Geun Lim
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 42988, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (Z.-Y.R.)
| | - Zae-Young Ryoo
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.K.); (S.J.); (S.-Y.K.); (S.J.); (Y.-R.J.); (D.-H.C.); (H.-S.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (Z.-Y.R.)
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12
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Pokharel S, Gliyazova NS, Dandepally SR, Williams AL, Ibeanu GC. Neuroprotective effects of an in vitro BBB permeable phenoxythiophene sulfonamide small molecule in glutamate-induced oxidative injury. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:79. [PMID: 34938365 PMCID: PMC8688931 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in oxidative stress-associated neuronal cell death during ischemia. Further investigation into the inhibition of excessive ROS generation post-stroke is urgently required for the treatment of ischemic stroke. In the present study, the neuroprotective properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant B355227 were investigated. B355227 is a chemical analogue of B355252, and the role of the phenoxythiophene sulfonamide compound B355227 was further investigated in a glutamate-induced oxidative injury model. An in vitro model of the BBB was established in the immortalized mouse brain capillary endothelial cell line, bEnd.3. Formation of barrier in Transwell inserts was confirmed using EVOM resistance meter and Caffeine, Imatinib and Axitinib were used to validate the efficacy of the model. The validated BBB assay in combination with high performance liquid chromatography were used to analyse and verify the permeability of B355227 through the barrier. The integrity of the cell junctions after the BBB assays were confirmed using immunofluorescence to visualize the expression of the barrier junction protein zonula occludens-1. Cell survival was measured with Resazurin, a redox indicator dye, in HT22, a hippocampal neuronal cell treated with 5 mM glutamate or co-treated with the B355227 recovered from the BBB permeability experiment. Changes in glutathione levels were detected using a glutathione detection kit, while analyses of ROS, calcium (Ca2+), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were accomplished with the fluorescent dyes 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, Fura-2 AM and MitoTracker Red dyes, respectively. Immunoblotting was also performed to detect the expression and activation of Erk1/2, p-38, JNK, Bax and Bcl-2. The results of the present study demonstrated that B355227 crossed the BBB in vitro and protected HT22 from oxidative injury induced by glutamate exposure. Treatment of cells with B355227 blocked the glutamate-dependent depletion of intracellular glutathione and significantly reduced ROS production. Increased Ca2+ influx and subsequent collapse of the MMP was attenuated by B355227. Furthermore, the results of the present study demonstrated that B355227 protected against oxidative stress via the MAPK pathway, by increasing the activation of Erk1/2, JNK and P38, and restoring anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Collectively, the results of the present study indicate that B355227 has potent antioxidant and neuroprotective attributes in glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. Further investigation into the role of B355227 in the modulation of glutamate-dependent oxidative stress is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smritee Pokharel
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Nailya S. Gliyazova
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Srinivasa R. Dandepally
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Alfred L. Williams
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Gordon C. Ibeanu
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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13
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Yang D, Li J, Liang C, Tian L, Shi C, Hui N, Liu Y, Ling M, Xin L, Wan M, Li H, Zhao Q, Ren X, Liu H, Cao W. Syringa microphylla Diels: A comprehensive review of its phytochemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological characteristics and an investigation into its potential health benefits. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153770. [PMID: 34678528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syringa microphylla Diels is a plant in the family Syringa Linn. For hundreds of years, its flowers and leaves have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of cough, inflammation, colds, sore throat, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, early liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, and oesophageal cancer. PURPOSE For the first time, we have comprehensively reviewed information on Syringa microphylla Diels that is not included in the Pharmacopoeia, clarified the pharmacological mechanisms of Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients from a molecular biology perspective, compiled in vivo and in vitro animal experimental data and clinical data, and summarized the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of Syringa microphylla Diels. The progress in toxicology research is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs from Syringa microphylla Diels, a natural source of compounds that are potentially beneficial to human health. METHODS The PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, SciFinder Scholar and Thomson Reuters databases were utilized to conduct a comprehensive search of published literature as of July 2021 to find original literature related to Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients. RESULTS To date, 72 compounds have been isolated and identified from Syringa microphylla Diels, and oleuropein, verbascoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, forsythoside B, and eleutheroside B are the main active components. These compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, and their safety and effectiveness have been demonstrated in long-term traditional applications. Molecular pharmacology experiments have indicated that the active ingredients of Syringa microphylla Diels exert their pharmacological effects in various ways, primarily by reducing oxidative stress damage via Nrf2/ARE pathway regulation, regulating inflammatory factors and inducing apoptosis through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review of Syringa microphylla Diels provides new insights into the correlations among molecular mechanisms, the importance of toxicology and pharmacokinetics, and potential ways to address the limitations of current research. As Syringa microphylla Diels is a natural low-toxicity botanical medicine, it is worthy of development and utilization and is an excellent choice for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China; College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Chunyang Shi
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Mei Ling
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Liang Xin
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Minge Wan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Business & Commerce, Xi'an 712046, PR China
| | - Han Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China.
| | - Wenqiang Cao
- Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519030, PR China
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14
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Xu W, Wang P, Wang D, Liu K, Zhang S, Zhao W, Liu G. S-ketamine alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury and oxidative stress by targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:1308-1315. [PMID: 34310894 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of S-ketamine (S-KET) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced liver damage and oxidative stress, as well as to elucidate the related underlying mechanisms. Blood was collected to measure biochemical parameters (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT)) and the liver was harvested for histopathological analysis of enzymes related to the antioxidant response (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)). Liver cell apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL assay. In addition, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis to explore potential mechanisms. S-KET protected the liver from CCl4-induced damage. The changes to the liver biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, ALP, TB, and γ-GT) and oxidative stress-related indicators (increased MDA; depleted SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX) induced by CCl4 were inhibited by S-KET. S-Ket also inhibited CCl4-induced cell apoptosis, the changes in expression of related proteins, and blocked CCl4-induced liver injury and oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. S-KET effectively protected the liver by inhibition of CCl4-induced damage via upregulation the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Dalong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong 257034, China
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15
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Selvaraj B, Woon Kim D, Park JS, Cheol Kwon H, Lee H, Yoo KY, Wook Lee J. Neuroprotective effects of 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone in HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128312. [PMID: 34375718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective activity of 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (compound 1) was evaluated using the neurotoxicity of glutamate in the HT22 cell line. Compound 1, known as a signal molecule of the bacterial quorum-sensing system, protects neuronal cells from glutamate-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting cellular Ca2+ uptake and glutamate-triggered ROS accumulation. MAPK signaling pathway inhibition by compound 1 was evaluated by immunoblotting the phosphorylation status of the proteins. Furthermore, pro-apoptotic protein levels and AIF translocation to the nucleus were found to be reduced by compound 1. In conclusion, compound 1 showed neuroprotective effects by inhibiting apoptotic neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baskar Selvaraj
- Natural Product Research Center, Institute of Natural Product, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnueng 25451, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center of Dementia, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejun 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Institute of Natural Product, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnueng 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Institute of Natural Product, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnueng 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesu Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Institute of Natural Product, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnueng 25451, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center of Dementia, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejun 34113, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Kumar A, Vaish M, Karuppagounder SS, Gazaryan I, Cave JW, Starkov AA, Anderson ET, Zhang S, Pinto JT, Rountree AM, Wang W, Sweet IR, Ratan RR. HIF1α stabilization in hypoxia is not oxidant-initiated. eLife 2021; 10:72873. [PMID: 34596045 PMCID: PMC8530508 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic adaptation mediated by HIF transcription factors requires mitochondria, which have been implicated in regulating HIF1α stability in hypoxia by distinct models that involve consuming oxygen or alternatively converting oxygen into the second messenger peroxide. Here, we use a ratiometric, peroxide reporter, HyPer to evaluate the role of peroxide in regulating HIF1α stability. We show that antioxidant enzymes are neither homeostatically induced nor are peroxide levels increased in hypoxia. Additionally, forced expression of diverse antioxidant enzymes, all of which diminish peroxide, had disparate effects on HIF1α protein stability. Moreover, decrease in lipid peroxides by glutathione peroxidase-4 or superoxide by mitochondrial SOD, failed to influence HIF1α protein stability. These data show that mitochondrial, cytosolic or lipid ROS were not necessary for HIF1α stability, and favor a model where mitochondria contribute to hypoxic adaptation as oxygen consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, United States.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States
| | - Manisha Vaish
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, United States.,Pandemic Response Lab, New York, United States
| | - Saravanan S Karuppagounder
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, United States.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, New York Medical College, New York, United States
| | - John W Cave
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, United States.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States
| | - Anatoly A Starkov
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States
| | | | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute for Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - John T Pinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, United States
| | - Austin M Rountree
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of Pain and Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Ian R Sweet
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Rajiv R Ratan
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, New York, United States.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, United States
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17
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Soriano-Castell D, Currais A, Maher P. Defining a pharmacological inhibitor fingerprint for oxytosis/ferroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:219-231. [PMID: 34010663 PMCID: PMC8217321 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis was first described in 2012 as an iron- and lipid peroxidation-dependent form of regulated cell death. Since its initial description, these two characteristics have informed numerous cell culture studies where inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and/or iron chelators have been shown to prevent cell death induced by a wide range of insults. However, it is not clear whether these two characteristics are sufficient to distinguish ferroptosis from other forms of regulated cell death. Thus, the primary goal of this study was to determine whether a unique combination of features could be identified that would provide an approach to more clearly separate ferroptosis from other forms of regulated cell death. To this end, multiple pharmacological inhibitors based on a variety of studies were tested. Many of these inhibitors were previously shown to protect cells from oxytosis, a regulated cell death pathway that mechanistically overlaps with ferroptosis and is induced by some of the same chemicals as ferroptosis. These inhibitors were not only tested against both known ferroptosis and oxytosis inducers but also a number of other insults that have been suggested to induce ferroptosis. The results show that a pharmacological fingerprint for ferroptosis can be established and used to categorize toxic insults into those that overlap with oxytosis/ferroptosis and those that do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soriano-Castell
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Antonio Currais
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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18
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Inhibition of miR-134-5p protects against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity through Sirt3-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function. Epilepsy Res 2021; 176:106722. [PMID: 34273723 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder which is characterized by brain hyper-excitability and manifests as seizure. Due to its complicated pathogenesis, treatment for epilepsy still remains a huge challenge for neurology in the whole world. MciroRNA-134 (miR-134) is one kind of miRNAs which was firstly found abundant in synapses. In this study, we tried to unveil the role of inhibiting MciroRNA-134-5p (miR-134-5p) in excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid (KA) in the hippocampal neurons (HT22) cells. The results showed that treatment of KA increased the expression of miR-134-5p significantly and caused marked neuron excitotoxicity, evidenced by risen cell death rate, higher LDH release and aggravated cell viability. After suppressing miR-134-5p expression via transfecting HT22 cells with miR-134-5p antisense (Anti-134), cell viability was promoted obviously, along with decreased LDH release and cell death rate. In addition, KA-induced lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release and mitochondrial ROS generation were also attenuated by Anti-134. The level of Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) and its downstream antioxidant enzymes, such as mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), were significantly higher in Anti-134 group compared with the control and scramble group. After inhibiting Sirt3 expression with SiRNA targeting Sirt3 (Si-Sirt3) and 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3-TYP), the positive role of Anti-134 was apparently reversed. In conclusion, this research highly suggests that inhibition of miR-134-5p could protect neurons from KA-induced excitotoxicity through Sirt3-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function.
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19
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Scheiner M, Hoffmann M, He F, Poeta E, Chatonnet A, Monti B, Maurice T, Decker M. Selective Pseudo-irreversible Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors Transferring Antioxidant Moieties to the Enzyme Show Pronounced Neuroprotective Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9302-9320. [PMID: 34152756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) was designed by functionalizing a pseudo-irreversible butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor. The obtained hybrids were investigated in vitro regarding their hBChE and hAChE inhibition, their enzyme kinetics, and their antioxidant physicochemical properties (DPPH, ORAC, metal chelating). In addition, in vitro assays were applied to investigate antioxidant effects using murine hippocampal HT22 cells and immunomodulatory effects on the murine microglial N9 cell line. The MTDLs retained their antioxidative properties compared to the parent antioxidant-moieties in vitro and the inhibition of hBChE was maintained in the submicromolar range. Representative compounds were tested in a pharmacological Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model and demonstrated very high efficacy at doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg. The most promising compound was also tested in BChE-/- mice and showed reduced efficacy. In vivo neuroprotection by BChE inhibition can be effectively enhanced by incorporation of structurally diverse antioxidant moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Feng He
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arnaud Chatonnet
- DMEM, University of Montpellier, INRAE, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Ren JX, Li C, Yan XL, Qu Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis/Oxytosis in Ischemic Stroke: Possible Targets and Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643382. [PMID: 34055196 PMCID: PMC8133868 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key cause of ischemic stroke and an initiator of neuronal dysfunction and death, mainly through the overproduction of peroxides and the depletion of antioxidants. Ferroptosis/oxytosis is a unique, oxidative stress-induced cell death pathway characterized by lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion. Both oxidative stress and ferroptosis/oxytosis have common molecular pathways. This review summarizes the possible targets and the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between oxidative stress and ferroptosis/oxytosis in ischemic stroke. This knowledge might help to further understand the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and open new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Ren
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chao Li
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
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21
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Wang WW, Liu T, Lv YM, Zhang WY, Liu ZG, Gao JM, Li D. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 3-Aminomethylindole Derivatives as Potential Multifunctional Anti-Inflammatory and Neurotrophic Agents. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1593-1605. [PMID: 33884870 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multifunctional molecules that are able to simultaneously interact with several pathological components has been considered as a solution to treat the complex pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, a series of aminomethylindole derivatives were synthesized, and evaluation of their application for antineuroinflammation and promoting neurite outgrowth was disclosed. Our initial screening showed that most of the compounds potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production of NO in microglial cells and potentiated the action of NGF to promote neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Interestingly, with outstanding NO/TNF-α production inhibition and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities, compounds 8c and 8g were capable of rescuing cells after injury by H2O2. Their antineuroinflammatory effects were associated with the downregulation of the LPS-induced expression of the inflammatory mediators inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay results indicated that the mechanism of their antineuroinflammatory actions involved suppression of the MAPK/NF-κB signal pathways. Further studies revealed that another important reason for the high comprehensive antineuroinflammatory activity was the anti-COX-2 capabilities of the compounds. All these results suggest that the potential biochemical multifunctional profiles of the aminomethylindole derivatives provide a new sight for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Meng Lv
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Wu-Yang Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Ding Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
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Protective Effect of Osmundacetone against Neurological Cell Death Caused by Oxidative Glutamate Toxicity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020328. [PMID: 33671577 PMCID: PMC7926874 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the main causes of brain cell death in neurological disorders. The use of natural antioxidants to maintain redox homeostasis contributes to alleviating neurodegeneration. Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in many brain functions. However, excessive glutamate release induces excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, leading to programmed cell death. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of osmundacetone (OAC), isolated from Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hylander, against glutamate-induced oxidative toxicity in HT22 hippocampal cells. The effect of OAC treatment on excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular calcium levels, chromatin condensation, apoptosis, and the expression level of oxidative stress-related proteins was evaluated. OAC showed a neuroprotective effect against glutamate toxicity at a concentration of 2 μM. By diminishing the accumulation of ROS, as well as stimulating the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), OAC triggered the self-defense mechanism in neuronal cells. The anti-apoptotic effect of OAC was demonstrated through its inhibition of chromatin condensation, calcium accumulation, and reduction of apoptotic cells. OAC significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 kinases. Thus, OAC could be a potential agent for supportive treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Maher P, Currais A, Schubert D. Using the Oxytosis/Ferroptosis Pathway to Understand and Treat Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1456-1471. [PMID: 33176157 PMCID: PMC7749085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxytosis was first described over 30 years ago in nerve cells as a non-excitotoxic pathway for glutamate-induced cell death. The key steps of oxytosis, including glutathione depletion, lipoxygenase activation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and calcium influx, were identified using a combination of chemical and genetic tools. A pathway with the same characteristics as oxytosis was identified in transformed fibroblasts in 2012 and named ferroptosis. Importantly, the pathophysiological changes seen in oxytosis and ferroptosis are also observed in multiple neurodegenerative diseases as well as in the aging brain. This led to the hypothesis that this pathway could be used as a screening tool to identify novel drug candidates for the treatment of multiple age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using this approach, we have identified several AD drug candidates, one of which is now in clinical trials, as well as new target pathways for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Antonio Currais
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David Schubert
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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24
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Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhang R, Wang F, Wang T, Jiao Y. The Role of Erastin in Ferroptosis and Its Prospects in Cancer Therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5429-5441. [PMID: 32606760 PMCID: PMC7295539 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s254995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Erastin was initially discovered as a small molecule compound that selectively kills tumor cells expressing ST and RASV12 and was later widely investigated as an inducer of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death caused by peroxidation induced by the accumulation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (L-ROS) in an iron-dependent manner. Erastin can mediate ferroptosis through a variety of molecules including the cystine-glutamate transport receptor (system XC−), the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), and p53. Erastin is able to enhance the sensitivity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, suggesting a promising future in cancer therapy. We hope that this review will help to better understand the role of erastin in ferroptosis and lay the foundation for further research and the development of erastin-based cancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Hofmann J, Fayez S, Scheiner M, Hoffmann M, Oerter S, Appelt‐Menzel A, Maher P, Maurice T, Bringmann G, Decker M. Sterubin: Enantioresolution and Configurational Stability, Enantiomeric Purity in Nature, and Neuroprotective Activity in Vitro and in Vivo. Chemistry 2020; 26:7299-7308. [PMID: 32358806 PMCID: PMC7317536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder with still no preventive or curative treatment. Flavonoids are phytochemicals with potential therapeutic value. Previous studies described the flavanone sterubin isolated from the Californian plant Eriodictyon californicum as a potent neuroprotectant in several in vitro assays. Herein, the resolution of synthetic racemic sterubin (1) into its two enantiomers, (R)-1 and (S)-1, is described, which has been performed on a chiral chromatographic phase, and their stereochemical assignment online by HPLC-ECD coupling. (R)-1 and (S)-1 showed comparable neuroprotection in vitro with no significant differences. While the pure stereoisomers were configurationally stable in methanol, fast racemization was observed in the presence of culture medium. We also established the occurrence of extracted sterubin as its pure (S)-enantiomer. Moreover, the activity of sterubin (1) was investigated for the first time in vivo, in an AD mouse model. Sterubin (1) showed a significant positive impact on short- and long-term memory at low dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyAin-Shams UniversityOrganization of African Unity Street 111566CairoEgypt
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- MMDN, University of MontpellierINSERM, EPHE, UMR-S119834095MontpellierFrance
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Department for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
| | - Antje Appelt‐Menzel
- Department for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT)Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISCRöntgenring 1197070WürzburgGermany
| | - Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 North Torrey Pines Rd.CA92037La JollaUSA
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of MontpellierINSERM, EPHE, UMR-S119834095MontpellierFrance
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryInstitute of Pharmacy and Food ChemistryUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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26
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Neuroprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract of Lysimachia christinae against Glutamate Toxicity in HT22 Cell and Its Protective Mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5352034. [PMID: 32419811 PMCID: PMC7201513 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5352034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Excessive glutamate amount can give oxidative stress to neuronal cells, and the accumulation of cell death can trigger the neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we discovered the neuroprotective effect of Lysimachia christinae Hance in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cell line. Method Overnight incubated HT22 cells were pretreated with L. christinae extract dose dependently (1, 10, and 100 μg/ml). Followed by then, glutamate was treated. These treated cells were incubated several times again, and cell viability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and glutathione-related enzyme amount were measured. Results As a result, L. christinae increases the cell viability by inhibiting the ROS and Ca2+ formation, recovering the level of MMP and enhancing the activity of glutathione production compared with only vehicle-treated groups. Conclusion These draw that L. christinae may remarkably decelerate the neurodegeneration by minimizing neuronal cell damage via oxidative stress.
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27
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Oo EM, Ruamyod K, Khowawisetsut L, Turbpaiboon C, Chaisuksunt V, Uawithya P, Pholphana N, Rangkadilok N, Chompoopong S. Germinated Brown Rice Attenuates Cell Death in Vascular Cognitive Impaired Mice and Glutamate-Induced Toxicity In HT22 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5093-5106. [PMID: 32275827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Germinated brown rice (GBR) with unpolishing, soaking, and germinating processes can improve the texture, flavor, and nutritional value, including GABA and phenolic contents. The effect of GBR was first investigated in vascular cognitive impaired mice and glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells with respect to standard pure GABA. Feeding mice with GBR for 5 weeks showed neuroprotection. In this study, the modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion mice model was mild but a significant difference in cognitive impairment was still shown. Like pure GABA, GBR decreased cognitive deficits in memory behavioral tests and significantly attenuated hippocampal neuronal cell death at P < 0.001. Similarly to 0.125 μM of GABA, 100 μg/mL of GBR increased HT22 cell viability after glutamate toxicity. GBR affected less apoptotic cell death and less blocking by the GABAA antangonist bicuculline in comparison to GABA. When the results are taken together, the underlying mechanism of GBR protection may mediate though the GABAA receptor and its phenolic contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Mon Oo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Katesirin Ruamyod
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ladawan Khowawisetsut
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chairat Turbpaiboon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Vipavadee Chaisuksunt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Panapat Uawithya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nanthanit Pholphana
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute (CRI), Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nuchanart Rangkadilok
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute (CRI), Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Supin Chompoopong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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4-Hydroxyestrone, an Endogenous Estrogen Metabolite, Can Strongly Protect Neuronal Cells Against Oxidative Damage. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7283. [PMID: 32350290 PMCID: PMC7190733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies showed that endogenous estrogens have neuroprotective effect against oxidative damage. The present study seeks to investigate the protective effect of various endogenous estrogen metabolites against oxidative neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Using immortalized mouse hippocampal neuronal cells as an in vitro model, 4-hydroxyestrone, an estrone metabolite with little estrogenic activity, is found to have the strongest neuroprotective effect against oxidative neurotoxicity among 25 endogenous estrogen metabolites tested, and its protective effect is stronger than 17β-estradiol. Similarly, 4-Hydroxyestrone also exerts a stronger protective effect than 17β-estradiol against kanic acid-induced hippocampal oxidative damage in rats. Neuroprotection by 4-hydroxyestrone involves increased cytoplasmic translocation of p53 resulting from SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53. Analysis of brain microsomal enzymes shows that estrogen 4-hydroxylation is the main metabolic pathway in the central nervous system. Together, these results show that 4-hydroxyestrone is an endogenous neuroestrogen that can strongly protect against oxidative neuronal damage.
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Muddapu VR, Dharshini SAP, Chakravarthy VS, Gromiha MM. Neurodegenerative Diseases - Is Metabolic Deficiency the Root Cause? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:213. [PMID: 32296300 PMCID: PMC7137637 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are a prominent class of neurological diseases currently without a cure. They are characterized by an inexorable loss of a specific type of neurons. The selective vulnerability of specific neuronal clusters (typically a subcortical cluster) in the early stages, followed by the spread of the disease to higher cortical areas, is a typical pattern of disease progression. Neurodegenerative diseases share a range of molecular and cellular pathologies, including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, glutamate toxicity, calcium load, proteolytic stress, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and aging, which contribute to neuronal death. Efforts to treat these diseases are often limited by the fact that they tend to address any one of the above pathological changes while ignoring others. Lack of clarity regarding a possible root cause that underlies all the above pathologies poses a significant challenge. In search of an integrative theory for neurodegenerative pathology, we hypothesize that metabolic deficiency in certain vulnerable neuronal clusters is the common underlying thread that links many dimensions of the disease. The current review aims to present an outline of such an integrative theory. We present a new perspective of neurodegenerative diseases as metabolic disorders at molecular, cellular, and systems levels. This helps to understand a common underlying mechanism of the many facets of the disease and may lead to more promising disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Here, we briefly discuss the selective metabolic vulnerability of specific neuronal clusters and also the involvement of glia and vascular dysfunctions. Any failure in satisfaction of the metabolic demand by the neurons triggers a chain of events that precipitate various manifestations of neurodegenerative pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignayanandam Ravindernath Muddapu
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - S. Akila Parvathy Dharshini
- Protein Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - M. Michael Gromiha
- Protein Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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Li J, Tan LH, Zou H, Zou ZX, Long HP, Wang WX, Xu PS, Liu LF, Xu KP, Tan GS. Palhinosides A-H: Flavone Glucosidic Truxinate Esters with Neuroprotective Activities from Palhinhaea cernua. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:216-222. [PMID: 31994397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Palhinosides A-H (1-8), new flavone glucosidic truxinate esters, including β-truxinate and μ-truxinate forms, were isolated from Palhinhaea cernua. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. The flavone glucoside cyclodimers possess a unique cyclobutane ring in their carbon scaffolds. Compounds 2-7 represent three pairs of stereoisomers (2/3, 4/5, 6/7). The protective effects of 1-8 against the damage of HT-22 cells induced by l-glutamate were evaluated, and compounds 4 and 5 showed better neuroprotective effects than the positive control, Trolox.
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31
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Gupta G, Gliga A, Hedberg J, Serra A, Greco D, Odnevall Wallinder I, Fadeel B. Cobalt nanoparticles trigger ferroptosis-like cell death (oxytosis) in neuronal cells: Potential implications for neurodegenerative disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:5262-5281. [PMID: 32060981 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902191rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of hard metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) remains poorly understood. Here, we deployed the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y differentiated or not into dopaminergic- and cholinergic-like neurons to study the impact of tungsten carbide (WC) NPs, WC NPs sintered with cobalt (Co), or Co NPs versus soluble CoCl2 . Co NPs and Co salt triggered a dose-dependent cytotoxicity with an increase in cytosolic calcium, lipid peroxidation, and depletion of glutathione (GSH). Co NPs and Co salt also suppressed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA and protein expression. Co-exposed cells were rescued by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH, and partially by liproxstatin-1, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, in silico analyses predicted a significant correlation, based on similarities in gene expression profiles, between Co-containing NPs and Parkinson's disease, and changes in the expression of selected genes were validated by RT-PCR. Finally, experiments using primary human dopaminergic neurons demonstrated cytotoxicity and GSH depletion in response to Co NPs and CoCl2 with loss of axonal integrity. Overall, these data point to a marked neurotoxic potential of Co-based but not WC NPs and show that neuronal cell death may occur through a ferroptosis-like mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind Gupta
- Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anda Gliga
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Serra
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technologies, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technologies, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chen X, Bao G, Liu F. Inhibition of USP15 Prevent Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Damage by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in HT22 Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:999-1010. [PMID: 31933062 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been identified as the significant mediator in epilepsy, which is a chronic disorder in central nervous system. About 30% of epilepsy patients are refractory to antiepileptic drug treatment. However, the underlying mechanism of oxidative damage in epilepsy needs further investigation. In our study, we first find that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 15 (USP15) expression was upregulated in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindled rat model of epilepsy. Silencing USP15 protected against glutamate-mediated neuronal cell death, and inhibited the high expression levels of cleaved caspase-3. Knockout of USP15 significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in HT22 cells under the exposure to glutamate treatment. Furthermore, USP15 inhibition induced nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and promoted protein expression level of heme oxygenase (HO-1). Taken together, our findings first reveal a role of USP15 in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, and silencing USP15 in vitro protects against glutamate-mediated cytotoxicity in HT22 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of USP15 may alleviate epileptic seizures via fighting against oxidative damage, providing a novel antiepileptic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Guanshui Bao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201999, China
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Neuroprotective Effects of Tetrahydrocurcumin against Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hippocampal HT22 Cells. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010144. [PMID: 31905820 PMCID: PMC6983265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, glutamate is a major excitable neurotransmitter responsible for many cellular functions. However, excessive levels of glutamate induce neuronal cell death via oxidative stress during acute brain injuries as well as chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a major secondary metabolite of curcumin, and its possible mechanism against glutamate-induced cell death. We prepared THC using curcumin isolated from Curcuma longa (turmeric) and demonstrated the protective effect of THC against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells. THC abrogated glutamate-induced HT22 cell death and showed a strong antioxidant effect. THC also significantly reduced intracellular calcium ion increased by glutamate. Additionally, THC significantly reduced the accumulation of intracellular oxidative stress induced by glutamate. Furthermore, THC significantly diminished apoptotic cell death indicated by annexin V-positive in HT22 cells. Western blot analysis indicated that the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases including c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-related kinases 1/2, and p38 by glutamate was significantly diminished by treatment with THC. In conclusion, THC is a potent neuroprotectant against glutamate-induced neuronal cell death by inhibiting the accumulation of oxidative stress and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases.
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Scheiner M, Dolles D, Gunesch S, Hoffmann M, Nabissi M, Marinelli O, Naldi M, Bartolini M, Petralla S, Poeta E, Monti B, Falkeis C, Vieth M, Hübner H, Gmeiner P, Maitra R, Maurice T, Decker M. Dual-Acting Cholinesterase-Human Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Ligands Show Pronounced Neuroprotection in Vitro and Overadditive and Disease-Modifying Neuroprotective Effects in Vivo. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9078-9102. [PMID: 31609608 PMCID: PMC7640639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a series of 14 hybrid molecules out of the cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor tacrine and a benzimidazole-based human cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (hCB2R) agonist and investigated them in vitro and in vivo. The compounds are potent ChE inhibitors, and for the most promising hybrids, the mechanism of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibition as well as their ability to interfere with AChE-induced aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ), and Aβ self-aggregation was assessed. All hybrids were evaluated for affinity and selectivity for hCB1R and hCB2R. To ensure that the hybrids retained their agonist character, the expression of cAMP-regulated genes was quantified, and potency and efficacy were determined. Additionally, the effects of the hybrids on microglia activation and neuroprotection on HT-22 cells were investigated. The most promising in vitro hybrids showed pronounced neuroprotection in an Alzheimer's mouse model at low dosage (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), lacking hepatotoxicity even at high dose (3 mg/kg, i.p.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Dolles
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Poeta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christina Falkeis
- Pathology, Clinical Center Bayreuth, Preuschwitzer Straße 101, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Pathology, Clinical Center Bayreuth, Preuschwitzer Straße 101, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rangan Maitra
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EPHE, UMR-S1198, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Hoffmann M, Stiller C, Endres E, Scheiner M, Gunesch S, Sotriffer C, Maurice T, Decker M. Highly Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors with Tunable Duration of Action by Chemical Modification of Transferable Carbamate Units Exhibit Pronounced Neuroprotective Effect in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9116-9140. [PMID: 31609115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the carbamate structure of pseudo-irreversible butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors was optimized with regard to a longer binding to the enzyme. A set of compounds bearing different heterocycles (e.g., morpholine, tetrahydroisoquinoline, benzimidazole, piperidine) and alkylene spacers (2 to 10 methylene groups between carbamate and heterocycle) in the carbamate residue was synthesized and characterized in vitro for their binding affinity, binding kinetics, and carbamate hydrolysis. These novel BChE inhibitors are highly selective for hBChE over human acetycholinesterase (hAChE), yielding short-, medium-, and long-acting nanomolar hBChE inhibitors (with a half-life of the carbamoylated enzyme ranging from 1 to 28 h). The inhibitors show neuroprotective properties in a murine hippocampal cell line and a pharmacological mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), suggesting a significant benefit of BChE inhibition for a disease-modifying treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Carina Stiller
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Erik Endres
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Sotriffer
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Tangui Maurice
- INSERM UMR-S1198 , University of Montpellier , Place Eugène Bataillon , Montpellier F-34095 , France
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , Julius Maximilian University Würzburg , Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg , Germany
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Procyanidin B2 3″- O-gallate Isolated from Reynoutria elliptica Prevents Glutamate-Induced HT22 Cell Death by Blocking the Accumulation of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090412. [PMID: 31454978 PMCID: PMC6769555 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of MeOH extract and bioactive compounds obtained from Reynoutria elliptica seeds using HT22 cells from the murine hippocampal cell line as its underlying molecular basis, which has not yet been elucidated. Our study showed that the MeOH extract of R. elliptica seeds strongly protected HT22 cells from glutamate toxicity. To clarify the responsible compound for the neuroprotective effects, we took an interest in procyanidins of R. elliptica since procyanidins are known to exhibit high structural diversity and neuroprotective activity. To isolate the procyanidins efficiently, a phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract from R. elliptica seeds using the LC/MS-guided isolation approach was applied, and procyanidin B2 3″-O-gallate (1) was successfully isolated. The structure of 1 was elucidated by analyzing the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and LC/MS analysis. The neuroprotective activities of 1 were thoroughly examined using HT22 cells. Compound 1 exhibited a strong antioxidant efficacy and blocked glutamate-mediated increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, compound 1 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which were increased by glutamate. These findings prove that the extract of R. elliptica seeds containing procyanidin B2 3″-O-gallate, which is a strong neuroprotective component, can be used as a functional food forattenuating and regulating neurological disorders.
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Neuroprotective Effect of Natural Alkaloid Fangchinoline Against Oxidative Glutamate Toxicity: Involvement of Keap1-Nrf2 Axis Regulation. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:1177-1186. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Magtanong L, Dixon SJ. Ferroptosis and Brain Injury. Dev Neurosci 2019; 40:382-395. [PMID: 30820017 PMCID: PMC6658337 DOI: 10.1159/000496922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of toxic lipid reactive oxygen species. Small-molecule screening and subsequent optimization have yielded potent and specific activators and inhibitors of this process. These compounds have been employed to dissect the lethal mechanism and implicate this process in pathological cell death events observed in many tissues, including the brain. Indeed, ferroptosis is emerging as an important mechanism of cell death during stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and other acute brain injuries, and may also play a role in certain degenerative brain disorders. Outstanding issues include the practical need to identify molecular markers of ferroptosis that can be used to detect and study this process in vivo, and the more basic problem of understanding the relationship between ferroptosis and other forms of cell death that can be triggered in the brain during injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Magtanong
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA,
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Procyanidin C1 Activates the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway to Prevent Glutamate-Induced Apoptotic HT22 Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010142. [PMID: 30609764 PMCID: PMC6337568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural sources are very promising materials for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological effects. In recent years, many researchers have focused on natural sources as a means to prevent neuronal cell death in neuropathological conditions. This study focused on identifying neuroprotective compounds and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Procyanidin C1 (PC-1) was isolated from grape seeds and assessed for biological effects against glutamate-induced HT22 cell death. The results showed that PC-1 strongly prevented glutamate-induced HT22 cell death. Moreover, PC-1 was also found to prevent glutamate-induced chromatin condensation and reduce the number of annexin V-positive cells indicating apoptotic cell death. Procyanidin C1 possessed a strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and inhibited glutamate-induced accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation. Additionally, PC-1 mediated nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 and increased the expression levels of heme oxygenase (HO-1). Inhibition of HO-1 by tin protoporphyrin, a synthetic inhibitor, reduced the protective effect of PC-1. Furthermore, PC-1 also blocked glutamate-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including ERK1/2 and p38, but not JNK. This study is the first experimental report to demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of PC-1 against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells. Therefore, our results suggest that PC-1, as a potent bioactive compound of grape seeds, can prevent neuronal cell death in neuropathological conditions.
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Song JH, Kim SY, Hwang GS, Kim YS, Kim HY, Kang KS. Sanguiin H-11 from Sanguisorbae radix protects HT22 murine hippocampal cells against glutamate-induced death. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:252-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kim DH, Kim DW, Jung BH, Lee JH, Lee H, Hwang GS, Kang KS, Lee JW. Ginsenoside Rb2 suppresses the glutamate-mediated oxidative stress and neuronal cell death in HT22 cells. J Ginseng Res 2018; 43:326-334. [PMID: 30976171 PMCID: PMC6437470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of our study was to analyze the neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside derivatives Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg1, and Rg3 against glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity in HT22 hippocampal mouse neuron cells. Methods The neuroprotective effect of ginsenosides were evaluated by measuring cell viability. Protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Bcl2, Bax, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were determined by Western blot analysis. The occurrence of apoptotic and death cells was determined by flow cytometry. Cellular level of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated by image analysis using the fluorescent probes Fluor-3 and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, respectively. In vivo efficacy of neuroprotection was evaluated using the Mongolian gerbil of ischemic brain injury model. Result Reduction of cell viability by glutamate (5 mM) was significantly suppressed by treatment with ginsenoside Rb2. Phosphorylation of MAPKs, Bax, and nuclear AIF was gradually increased by treatment with 5 mM of glutamate and decreased by co-treatment with Rb2. The occurrence of apoptotic cells was decreased by treatment with Rb2 (25.7 μM). Cellular Ca2+ and ROS levels were decreased in the presence of Rb2, and in vivo data indicated that Rb2 treatment (10 mg/kg) significantly diminished the number of degenerated neurons. Conclusion Our results suggest that Rb2 possesses neuroprotective properties that suppress glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. The molecular mechanism of Rb2 is by suppressing the MAPKs activity and AIF translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoi Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Jung
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesu Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gacheun University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gacheun University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, KIST, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Natural Constituent Research Center, KIST, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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Hosseini F, Sam MR, Jabbari N, Mozdarani H. Modulating Survivin as a Radioresistant Factor, Caspase-3, and Apoptosis by Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic Acid Sensitizes Mutant-p53 Colorectal Cancer Cells to γ-Irradiation. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:387-395. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Hosseini
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Radiology Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sam
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Jabbari
- Department of Medical Physics and Imaging, Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein Mozdarani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Schramm S, Gunesch S, Lang F, Saedtler M, Meinel L, Högger P, Decker M. Investigations into neuroprotectivity, stability, and water solubility of 7-O
-cinnamoylsilibinin, its hemisuccinate and dehydro derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800206. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schramm
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Klinische Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Marco Saedtler
- Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Petra Högger
- Klinische Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
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Lee SR, Song JH, Song JH, Ko HJ, Baek JY, Trinh TA, Beemelmanns C, Yamabe N, Kim KH. Chemical Identification of Isoflavonoids from a Termite-Associated Streptomyces sp. RB1 and Their Neuroprotective Effects in Murine Hippocampal HT22 Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092640. [PMID: 30200599 PMCID: PMC6164413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-associated bacteria have been recognized as a very promising natural resource for discovering bioactive secondary metabolites with diverse pharmacological effects. One new isoflavonoid glycoside, termisoflavone D (1), together with seven known isoflavonoids (2–8), were identified from MeOH extracts of the fungus-growing termite-associated Streptomyces sp. RB1. The chemical structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated using comprehensive spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, along with LC/MS analysis. The existence of two rhamnose moieties in 1 was determined with comparative NMR analysis, and the absolute configuration was elucidated using chemical reactions. The neuroprotective activities of compounds 1–8 were thoroughly investigated using the murine hippocampal HT22 cell line. Compound 5 prevented glutamate-induced HT22 cell death by blocking intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The present study provides the first experimental evidence for the potential use of isoflavonoids from termite-associated bacteria as lead compounds that can prevent neuronal damage induced by glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Ji Yun Baek
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Tuy An Trinh
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Christine Beemelmanns
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology e.V., Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.
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Neuroprotective effects of Magnoliae Flos extract in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9693. [PMID: 29946137 PMCID: PMC6018738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28055-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnoliae Flos (MF) is a traditional medicinal herb used for managing rhinitis, sinusitis and headache. The purpose of the present study was to determine the neuroprotective effect of MF against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and to assess the underlying mechanism. Glutamate is a major endogenous excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases by excessive activation. MF extract was subjected to a neuroprotective effect assay in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells. The mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of MF extract was evaluated by assaying reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activity in HT22 cells. MF extract significantly decreased glutamate-induced death of HT22 cells (80.83 ± 7.34% relative neuroprotection). MF extract reduced the intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels and increased the glutathione level and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxide activities. Moreover, MF extract attenuated the mitochondrial membrane potential in HT22 cells. These results suggested that MF extract exerts a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress HT22 cells, which was mediated by its antioxidant activity.
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Song JH, Lee C, Lee D, Kim S, Bang S, Shin MS, Lee J, Kang KS, Shim SH. Neuroprotective Compound from an Endophytic Fungus, Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1411-1416. [PMID: 29790746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367 was isolated from Morus alba (mulberry), identified, and cultured on a large scale for chemical investigation. One new anthraquinone (1) and three known anthraquinones (2-4) were isolated and identified using spectroscopic methods including 1D/2D-NMR and HRESIMS. Although the neuroprotective effects of some anthraquinones have been reported, the biological activities of the four anthraquinones isolated in this study have not been reported. Therefore, the neuroprotective effects of these compounds were determined against murine hippocampal HT22 cell death induced by glutamate. Compound 4, evariquinone, showed strong protective effects against HT22 cell death induced by glutamate by the inhibition of intracellular ROS accumulation and Ca2+ influx triggered by glutamate. Immunoblot analysis revealed that compound 4 reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKs (JNK, ERK1/2, and p38) induced by glutamate. Furthermore, compound 4 strongly attenuated glutamate-mediated apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Song
- Department of Medicine , University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul 05505 , South Korea
| | - Changyeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Duksung Women's University , Seoul 01369 , South Korea
| | - Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine , Gachon University , Seongnam 13120 , South Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources , Incheon 22689 , South Korea
| | - Sunghee Bang
- College of Pharmacy , Duksung Women's University , Seoul 01369 , South Korea
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- College of Korean Medicine , Gachon University , Seongnam 13120 , South Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division , Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daejeon 34054 , Republic of Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , South Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine , Gachon University , Seongnam 13120 , South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- College of Pharmacy , Duksung Women's University , Seoul 01369 , South Korea
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Lewerenz J, Ates G, Methner A, Conrad M, Maher P. Oxytosis/Ferroptosis-(Re-) Emerging Roles for Oxidative Stress-Dependent Non-apoptotic Cell Death in Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:214. [PMID: 29731704 PMCID: PMC5920049 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nerve cell death is the hallmark of many neurological diseases, the processes underlying this death are still poorly defined. However, there is a general consensus that neuronal cell death predominantly proceeds by regulated processes. Almost 30 years ago, a cell death pathway eventually named oxytosis was described in neuronal cells that involved glutathione depletion, reactive oxygen species production, lipoxygenase activation, and calcium influx. More recently, a cell death pathway that involved many of the same steps was described in tumor cells and termed ferroptosis due to a dependence on iron. Since then there has been a great deal of discussion in the literature about whether these are two distinct pathways or cell type- and insult-dependent variations on the same pathway. In this review, we compare and contrast in detail the commonalities and distinctions between the two pathways concluding that the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of ferroptosis and oxytosis are highly similar if not identical. Thus, we suggest that oxytosis and ferroptosis should be regarded as two names for the same cell death pathway. In addition, we describe the potential physiological relevance of oxytosis/ferroptosis in multiple neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lewerenz
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gamze Ates
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Axel Methner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
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48
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Shen GN, Liu L, Feng L, Jin Y, Jin MH, Han YH, Jin CH, Jin YZ, Lee DS, Kwon TH, Cui YD, Sun HN. Knockdown of peroxiredoxin V increases glutamate‑induced apoptosis in HT22 hippocampal neuron cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7827-7834. [PMID: 29620243 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High concentrations of glutamate may mediate neuronal cell apoptosis by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Peroxiredoxin V (Prx V), a member of the Prx family, serves crucial roles in protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigated the regulatory effect of Prx V on glutamate‑induced effects on viability and apoptosis in HT22 cells. Western blotting was used for protein expression analysis and Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry for determination of apoptosis. The results demonstrated that glutamate may ROS‑dependently increase HT22 cell apoptosis and upregulate Prx V protein levels. Furthermore, knockdown of Prx V protein expression with a lentivirus significantly enhanced HT22 cell apoptosis mediated by glutamate, which was reversed by inhibition of ROS with N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine. Inhibiting the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway with PD98059, a specific inhibitor for ERK phosphorylation, markedly decreased glutamate‑induced HT22 cell apoptosis in Prx V knockdown cells, indicating the potential involvement of ERK signaling in glutamate‑induced HT22 cell apoptosis. In addition, an increase in nuclear apoptosis‑inducing factor was observed in Prx V knockdown HT22 cells following glutamate treatment, compared with mock cells, whereas no differences in B‑cell lymphoma‑2 and cleaved‑caspase‑3 protein expression levels were observed between mock and Prx V knockdown cells. The results of the present study indicated that Prx V may have potential as a therapeutic molecular target for glutamate‑induced neuronal cell death and provide novel insight into the role of Prx V in oxidative‑stress induced neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Nan Shen
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Li Feng
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Yu Jin
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Yanbian University Health Science Center, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Zhe Jin
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Yanbian University Health Science Center, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Soek Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative Bio Research Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kwon
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Dong Cui
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- Department of Disease Model Animal Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
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49
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Schramm S, Huang G, Gunesch S, Lang F, Roa J, Högger P, Sabaté R, Maher P, Decker M. Regioselective synthesis of 7-O-esters of the flavonolignan silibinin and SARs lead to compounds with overadditive neuroprotective effects. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:93-107. [PMID: 29407994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of neuroprotective hybrid compounds was synthesized by conjugation of the flavonolignan silibinin with natural phenolic acids, such as ferulic, cinnamic and syringic acid. Selective 7-O-esterfication without protection groups was achieved by applying the respective acyl chlorides. Sixteen compounds were obtained and SARs were established by evaluating antioxidative properties in the physicochemical FRAP assay, as well as in a cell-based neuroprotection assay using murine hippocampal HT-22 cells. Despite weak activities in the FRAP assay, esters of the α,β-unsaturated acids showed pronounced overadditive effects at low concentrations greatly exceeding the effects of equimolar mixtures of silibinin and the respective acids in the neuroprotection assay. Cinnamic and ferulic acid esters (5a and 6a) also showed overadditive effects regarding inhibition of microglial activation, PC12 cell differentiation, in vitro ischemia as well as anti-aggregating abilities against Aβ42 peptide and τ protein. Remarkably, the esters of ferulic acid with silybin A and silybin B (11a and 11b) showed a moderate but significant difference in both neuroprotection and in their anti-aggregating capacities. The results demonstrate that non-toxic natural antioxidants can be regioselectively connected as esters with medium-term stability exhibiting very pronounced overadditive effects in a portfolio of biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schramm
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Guozheng Huang
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Klinische Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Judit Roa
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petra Högger
- Klinische Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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50
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Hien TTT, Quang TH, Tai BH, Nhiem NX, Yen PH, Yen DTH, Cuong LCV, Kim YC, Oh H, Van Minh C, Van Kiem P. Iridoid Glycosides and Phenolic Glycosides from Buddleja asiatica with Anti-inflammatory and Cytoprotective Activities. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Buddleja asiatica resulted in the isolation of a new iridoid glycoside, buddlejasiaside A (1) and 11 known compounds: 6- O -[α-L-(4-isoferuloyl)-rhamnopyranosylcatalpol (2), specioside (3), verminoside (4), minecoside (5), 6- O -( p -hydroxybenzoyl)-ajugol (6), 6- O -caffeoyl ajugol (7), litanthosalin 8), eurostoside (9), 10- O -caffeoylaucubin (10), phlorizin (11), and garashangin (12). Their chemical structures were identified based on the MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses and comparing with the data reported in the literature. Compounds 1, 2, and 8-10 showed the modest inhibitory effects against nitrite production in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia, with IC50 values ranging from 43.5-79.6 μM. Compounds 6, 7, and 11 protected HT22 hippocampal cells from glutamate-induced cell death, with EC50 values of 38.9, 14.8, and 27.1 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Thi Thu Hien
- Vietnam Military Medical University 160 Phung Hung, Phuc La, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Hong Quang
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Canh Viet Cuong
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, 321 Huynh Thuc Khang Street, Hue city
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chau Van Minh
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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