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González-Burguera I, Lin G, López de Jesús M, Saumell-Esnaola M, Barrondo S, García Del Caño G, Sallés J, Scarlata S. PLCβ1 by-passes early growth response -1 to induce the differentiation of neuronal cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:250. [PMID: 38789419 PMCID: PMC11126630 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Gαq/phospholipase C-β (PLCβ) signaling system mediates calcium responses to a variety of hormones and neurotransmitters. Recent studies suggest that PLCβ1 expression plays a role in the differentiation of two types of cultured neuronal cells (PC12 and SK-N-SH) through a mechanism independent of Gαq. Here, we show that, similar to that observed in PC12 and SK-N-SH cells, PLCβ1 expression increases when human NT2 cells are induced to differentiate either through cytosine-β-D-arabinofuranoside or retinoic acid. Preventing this increase, abolishes differentiation, and down-regulating PLCβ1 in rat primary astrocytes causes cells to adapt an undifferentiated morphology. Surprisingly, transfecting PLCβ1 into undifferentiated PC12 or NT2 cells induces differentiation without the need for differentiating agents. Studies to uncover the underlying mechanism focused on the transcription factor early growth response 1 (Egr-1) which mediates PLCβ1 expression early in differentiation. Over-expressing PLCβ1 in HEK293 cells enhances Egr-1 expression and induces morphological changes. We show that increased levels of cytosolic PLCβ1 in undifferentiated PC12 cells disrupts the association between Egr-1 and its cytosolic binding partner (Tar RNA binding protein), promoting relocalization of Egr-1 to the nucleus, which promotes transcription of proteins needed for differentiation. These studies show a novel mechanism through which differentiation can be modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imanol González-Burguera
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Guanyu Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01609, USA
| | - Maider López de Jesús
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Miquel Saumell-Esnaola
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sergio Barrondo
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gontzal García Del Caño
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Joan Sallés
- Bioaraba, Neurofarmacología Celular y Molecular, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Suzanne Scarlata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01609, USA.
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Meng X, Feng C, Fang E, Feng J, Zhao X. Combined analysis of RNA-sequence and microarray data reveals effective metabolism-based prognostic signature for neuroblastoma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10367-10381. [PMID: 32683778 PMCID: PMC7521294 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between metabolism reprogramming and neuroblastoma (NB) is largely unknown. In this study, one RNA‐sequence data set (n = 153) was used as discovery cohort and two microarray data sets (n = 498 and n = 223) were used as validation cohorts. Differentially expressed metabolic genes were identified by comparing stage 4s and stage 4 NBs. Twelve metabolic genes were selected by LASSO regression analysis and integrated into the prognostic signature. The metabolic gene signature successfully stratifies NB patients into two risk groups and performs well in predicting survival of NB patients. The prognostic value of the metabolic gene signature is also independent with other clinical risk factors. Nine metabolism‐related long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were also identified and integrated into the metabolism‐related lncRNA signature. The lncRNA signature also performs well in predicting survival of NB patients. These results suggest that the metabolic signatures have the potential to be used for risk stratification of NB. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) reveals that multiple metabolic processes (including oxidative phosphorylation and tricarboxylic acid cycle, both of which are emerging targets for cancer therapy) are enriched in the high‐risk NB group, and no metabolic process is enriched in the low‐risk NB group. This result indicates that metabolism reprogramming is associated with the progression of NB and targeting certain metabolic pathways might be a promising therapy for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Meng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chenzhao Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Erhu Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jiexiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Berberine and neurodegeneration: A review of literature. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:970-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Identification of a radiation sensitivity gene expression profile in primary fibroblasts derived from patients who developed radiotherapy-induced fibrosis. Radiother Oncol 2014; 111:186-93. [PMID: 24835153 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE During radiotherapy, normal tissue is unavoidably exposed to radiation which results in severe normal tissue reactions in a small fraction of patients. Because those who are sensitive cannot be determined prior to radiotherapy, the doses are limited to all patients to avoid an unacceptable number of severe adverse normal tissue responses. This limitation restricts the optimal treatment for individuals who are more tolerant to radiation. Genetic variation is a likely source for the normal tissue radiosensitivity variation observed between individuals. Therefore, understanding the radiation response at the genomic level may provide knowledge to develop individualized treatment and improve radiotherapy outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Exon arrays were utilized to compare the basal expression profile between cell lines derived from six cancer patients with and without severe fibrosis. These data were supported by qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq techniques. RESULTS A set of genes (FBN2, FST, GPRC5B, NOTCH3, PLCB1, DPT, DDIT4L and SGCG) were identified as potential predictors for radiation-induced fibrosis. Many of these genes are associated with TGFβ or retinoic acid both having known links to fibrosis. CONCLUSION A combinatorial gene expression approach provides a promising strategy to predict fibrosis in cancer patients prior to radiotherapy.
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Cryns K, Shamir A, Van Acker N, Levi I, Daneels G, Goris I, Bouwknecht JA, Andries L, Kass S, Agam G, Belmaker H, Bersudsky Y, Steckler T, Moechars D. IMPA1 is essential for embryonic development and lithium-like pilocarpine sensitivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 33:674-84. [PMID: 17460611 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lithium has been the standard pharmacological treatment for bipolar disorder over the last 50 years; however, the molecular targets through which lithium exerts its therapeutic effects are still not defined. We characterized the phenotype of mice with a dysfunctional IMPA1 gene (IMPA1-/-) to study the in vivo physiological functions of IMPA1, in general, and more specifically its potential role as a molecular target in mediating lithium-dependent physiological effects. Homozygote IMPA1-/- mice died in utero between days 9.5 and 10.5 post coitum (p.c.) demonstrating the importance of IMPA1 in early embryonic development. Intriguingly, the embryonic lethality could be reversed by myo-inositol supplementation via the pregnant mothers. In brains of adult IMPA1-/- mice, IMPase activity levels were found to be reduced (up to 65% in hippocampus); however, inositol levels were not found to be altered. Behavioral analysis of the IMPA1-/- mice indicated an increased motor activity in both the open-field test and the forced-swim test as well as a strongly increased sensitivity to pilocarpine-induced seizures, the latter supporting the idea that IMPA1 represents a physiologically relevant target for lithium. In conclusion the IMPA1-/- mouse represents a novel model to study inositol homeostasis, and indicates that genetic inactivation of IMPA1 can mimic some actions of lithium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Cryns
- Research and Early Development Europe, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
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Lim JS, Kim H, Choi Y, Kwon H, Shin KS, Joung I, Shin M, Kwon YK. Neuroprotective effects of berberine in neurodegeneration model rats induced by ibotenic acid. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2008.9647174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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López de Jesús M, Zalduegui A, Ruiz de Azúa I, Callado LF, Meana JJ, Sallés J. Levels of G-protein alpha q/11 subunits and of phospholipase C-beta(1-4), -gamma, and -delta1 isoforms in postmortem human brain caudate and cortical membranes: potential functional implications. Neurochem Int 2006; 49:72-9. [PMID: 16481068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2005.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Revised: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The levels of expression of G-protein alpha(q/11) (Galpha(q/11)) subunits and PLC-beta(1-4), -gamma, and -delta(1) isoforms were quantified by Western blot analysis in order to establish their contribution to the patterns of PLC functioning reported here. Quantitative measurements of the levels of Galpha(q/11) subunits in each region were obtained by comparison with known amounts of Escherichia coli expressed recombinant Galpha(q) subunits. Quantitative analysis indicated that Galpha(q/11) subunits are abundant polypeptides in human brain, with values ranging from about 1200 ng/mg in cerebral cortex to close to 900 ng/mg of membrane protein in caudate. In cerebral cortical membranes, the PLC-beta(1) isoform was more abundant than in caudate membranes. The highest levels of PLC-beta(2) expression were detected in caudate membranes. PLC-beta(3) was little expressed, and there were no significant differences in the relative values between both brain regions. Finally, the levels of the PLC-beta(4) isoform were significantly lower in caudate than in cortical membranes. It is concluded that although most of these data represent relative, not absolute, measures of protein levels within these regions, they contribute nonetheless to the significant differences observed in signaling capacities through the PLC system in both human brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider López de Jesús
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Spain
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Mahmud N, Rose D, Pang W, Walker R, Patil V, Weich N, Hoffman R. Characterization of primitive marrow CD34+ cells that persist after a sublethal dose of total body irradiation. Exp Hematol 2006; 33:1388-401. [PMID: 16263423 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Revised: 07/06/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2005] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular events that occur during hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) development is vital to our understanding of blood cell production. To study the functional groups of genes characteristic of HSPCs we isolated a subpopulation of CD34+ bone marrow (BM) cells from nonhuman primates that persisted in vivo after a sublethal dose of total body irradiation (TBI). CD34+ cells isolated during the phase of maximal hematopoietic suppression show a transcriptional profile characteristic of metabolically inactive cells, with strong coordinate downregulation of a large number of genes required for protein production and processing. Consistent with this profile, these CD34+ cells were not able to generate hematopoietic colonies. Transcriptional profiling of these CD34+ cells in conjunction with a pathway analysis method reveals several classes of functionally related genes that are upregulated in comparison to the CD34+ cells obtained prior to TBI. These families included genes known to be associated with self-renewal and maintenance of HSPCs (including bone morphogenetic proteins), resistance to apoptosis (Bcl-2) as well as genes characteristic of a variety of nonhematopoietic tissues (gamma-aminobutyric acid/glycine receptor, complement receptor C1qRp). In contrast, during the period of hematopoietic recovery, the CD34+ cells expressed higher level of genes encoding factors regulating maturation and differentiation of HSPCs. Our data indicate that the primitive BM CD34+ cell population that persists after radiation possesses a transcriptional profile suggestive of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Mahmud
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Bortul R, Aluigi M, Tazzari PL, Tabellini G, Baldini G, Bareggi R, Narducci P, Martelli AM. Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 expression is not linked to nerve growth factor-induced differentiation, cell survival or cell cycle control in PC12 rat pheocromocytoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2002; 84:56-67. [PMID: 11746516 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have highlighted that phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 expression is linked to neuronal differentiation in different experimental models. We sought to determine whether or not this is also true for nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation of rat PC12 cells. However, we did not find differences in the expression of both the forms of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 (a and b) during sympathetic differentiation of these cells. Also, PC12 cell clones stably overexpressing phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 were not more susceptible to the differentiating effect of NGF. Furthermore, since it is well established that phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 affects cell proliferation, we investigated whether or not PC12 cell clones stably overexpressing phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 showed differences in survival to serum deprivation and cell cycle, when compared to wild type cells. Nevertheless, we did not find any differences in these parameters between wild type cells and the overexpressing clones. Interestingly, in PC12 cells the overexpressed phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 did not localize to the nucleus, but by immunofluorescence analysis, was detected in the cytoplasm. Therefore, our findings may represent another important clue to the fact that only when it is located within the nucleus phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase Cbeta1 is able to influence cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bortul
- Dipartimento di Morfologia Umana Normale, Università di Trieste, via Manzoni 16, 34138 Trieste, Italy
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Choi SY, Choi BH, Suh BC, Chae HD, Kim JS, Shin MJ, Kang SS, Negishi M, Kim KT. Potentiation of PGE(2)-mediated cAMP production during neuronal differentiation of human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)C cells. J Neurochem 2001; 79:303-10. [PMID: 11677258 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The prostaglandin-evoked cAMP production was studied in human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)C cells during neuronal differentiation induced by all-trans retinoic acid. The incubation with 5 microM all-trans retinoic acid for 4-6 days promoted neurite outgrowth of cells. After differentiation, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-induced cAMP production was dramatically increased, whereas forskolin- and AlF-induced cAMP productions were not changed. The increase reached maximum after 4-days of incubation with all-trans retinoic acid. The differentiation caused an increase in the maximal response and a decrease in the half-maximal effective concentration of the PGE(2)-induced cAMP production. In addition, the binding of [(3)H]PGE(2) to membrane receptors was enhanced in differentiated cells. However, the order of potency of the various prostaglandins (PGE(1) = PGE(2) > PGD(2) = PGF(2alpha) = PGI(2)) in cAMP production did not change during the differentiation, suggesting that mainly E-prostanoid (EP) receptors were involved. Butaprost, an EP(2) receptor specific agonist, increased the cAMP level in a concentration dependent manner and had a similar potentiating effect on cAMP production as PGE(2) upon differentiation. Northern blot analysis using the human cDNA probes shows that the EP(2) mRNA level was about seven times higher in differentiated cells, while the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) mRNA completely disappeared. Our results, thus, suggest that elevated gene expression of the prostanoid EP(2) receptor results in an increase in the PGE(2)-evoked cAMP production in SK-N-BE(2)C cells during neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Choi
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
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Sung JY, Lee SY, Min DS, Eom TY, Ahn YS, Choi MU, Kwon YK, Chung KC. Differential activation of phospholipases by mitogenic EGF and neurogenic PDGF in immortalized hippocampal stem cell lines. J Neurochem 2001; 78:1044-53. [PMID: 11553678 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In several neuronal systems, nerve growth factor (NGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) act as neurogenic agents, whereas epidermal growth factor (EGF) acts as a mitogenic agent. Hippocampal stem cell lines (HiB5) immortalized by the expression of a temperature-sensitive SV40 large T antigen also respond differentially to EGF and PDGF. While EGF treatment at the permissive temperature induces proliferation, the addition of PDGF induces differentiation at the non-permissive temperature. However, the mechanism responsible for these different cellular fates has not been clearly elucidated. In order to clarify possible critical signaling events leading to these distinct cellular outcomes, we examined whether either EGF or PDGF differentially induces the activation of phospholipases, such as phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), C (PLC), or D (PLD). Although EGF stimulation did not induce phospholipases, PDGF caused a rapid and transient activation of PLC and PLD, but not PLA(2). When the activation of PLC or PLD was blocked, the neurite outgrowth induced by PDGF was significantly inhibited. Although the activation of PLD occurred faster than PLC, blocking of PLD activity by transient expression of lipase-inactive mutants did not inhibit the induction of PLC activity by PDGF. These results suggest that the differential activation of phospholipases may play an important role in signal transduction by mitogenic EGF and neurotrophic PDGF in HiB5 neuronal hippocampal stem cells. In particular, the activation of phospholipase C and D may contribute to neuronal differentiation by neurogenic PDGF in the HiB5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Sung
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Research Institute, and Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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