1
|
Wang D, Wang L, Xue C, Han Y, Li H, Geng J, Jie J. Detection of meat from horse, donkey and their hybrids (mule/hinny) by duplex real-time fluorescent PCR. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237077. [PMID: 33373374 PMCID: PMC7771862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat adulteration is currently a common practice worldwide. In China, adulteration of donkey meat products with the similar species (horse and mule/hinny) meat and mislabeling are becoming widespread concerns. In this study, a sensitive and species-specific duplex real-time PCR assay based on the simultaneous amplification of fragments of the creatine kinase muscle gene family, was developed and optimized for the identification of horse, donkey and mule /hinny species in raw and heat-processed meat products. Duplex real-time PCR results showed different fluorescence amplification curves for horse and donkey. Both kinds of fluorescence amplification curves appeared simultaneously for mule/hinny. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was up to 0.01 ng /μL. The method and strategy developed in this study could be applied to detect the presence of adulterants from horse and mule /hinny meat in raw donkey meat and meat products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Xue
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Yuebei Han
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Hejing Li
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqiang Geng
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Jie
- Biology Lab, Beijing Municipal Center for Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goldschmidt B, Lopes CAA, Resende F, Pissinatti TA, Toledo DC, Meireles BCS, Cordeiro NFG. Terminal 13p deletion in squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) with differentiated phenotype. J Med Primatol 2018; 47:412-415. [PMID: 29956824 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomic classification of squirrel monkeys is often controversial issue offering many different information. The classification of captive animals is difficult due to the phenotypic similarities between the presented species, which is observed mainly in coat coloration. METHODS The objective of this study was to analyze the chromosome pattern of one squirrel monkey with off standard physical characteristics, which is kept in the Laboratory Animals Breeding Center in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and try to establish some correlations. Chromosomes were obtained using lymphocyte culture technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of G bands showed a terminal deletion in one chromosome of pair 13. The association of the results found with the different phenotypic characteristics led us to classify it as a Saimiri sciureus specimen with a structural chromosomal change, possibly allowing the expression of hemizygous alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Goldschmidt
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A A Lopes
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Resende
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T A Pissinatti
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D C Toledo
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B C S Meireles
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N F G Cordeiro
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Favoretto SM, Landy EC, Pereira WLA, Castro PHG, Imbeloni AA, Muniz JAP, Santos MA, Lacreta Junior AC. Pelvimetry in Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri scireus Linnaeus, 1758). PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Saimiri sciureus is a neotropical primate widely used in research. However, there are still difficulties regarding their reproduction in vivaria due to the high incidence of dystocia. Dystocia in primates can be caused by cephalopelvic disproportion and in Squirrel Monkeys, pregnancy of large fetuses were reported. This paper describes pelvimetry data of adult females and subadults in specimens of Squirrel Monkeys, from a research colony of Para, Brazil. Pelvic radiographs were obtained in ventrodorsal projections and the following measurements were taken: superior bi-iliac diameter (SBID); inferior bi-iliac diameter (IBID); bi-iliac average diameter (BIAD); right diagonal diameter (RDD); left diagonal diameter (LDD); sacro-pubic diameter (SPD); Based on the obtained diameters, the entrance area of the pelvis (EAP) was also calculated. The average values of the pelvic diameters and EAP in adult females were SBID 1.714cm, BIAD 1.957cm, IBID 1.686cm, RDD 2.771cm, LDD 2.764cm, SPD 2.543cm and EAP 3.9056cm2; and subadult females: 1.588cm SBID, 1.850cm BIAD, 1.625cm IBID, 2.50cm RDD, LDD 2.474cm, 1.95cm SPD and 2.8293 cm2 EAP. Saimiri sciureus pelvis is characterized as dolichopelvic. There was statistical significance between the values for adult females and subadults to SBID, BIAD, RDD, LDD, SPD and EAP. The values of SBID and IBID were lower when compared to the published data for the same species. The result found on this paper will serve as a basis for future studies using pelvic measurements and dystocia prediction of neotropical primates and comparison between different vivaria.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lopes GP, Brito AB, Paim FP, Santos RR, Queiroz HL, Domingues SFS. Comparative Characterization of the External Genitalia and Reproductive Tubular Organs of Three Species of the GenusSaimiriVoigt, 1831 (Primates: Cebidae). Anat Histol Embryol 2016; 46:143-161. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. P. Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - A. B. Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - F. P. Paim
- Research Group on Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates; Institute for Sustainable Development Mamirauá; Tefé Amazonas Brazil
| | - R. R. Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - H. L. Queiroz
- Research Group on Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates; Institute for Sustainable Development Mamirauá; Tefé Amazonas Brazil
| | - S. F. S. Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martins AMG, Amorim N, Carneiro JC, de Mello Affonso PRA, Sampaio I, Schneider H. Alu elements and the phylogeny of capuchin (Cebus and Sapajus) monkeys. Am J Primatol 2014; 77:368-75. [PMID: 25387886 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three families of New World monkeys, the Pitheciidae, Atelidae, and Cebidae, are currently recognized. The monophyly of the Cebidae is supported unequivocally by the presence of ten unique Alu elements, which are absent from the other two families. In this paper, the five genomic regions containing these Alu elements were sequenced in specimens representing nine capuchin (Cebus, Sapajus) species in order to identify mutations that may help elucidate the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the cebids. The results confirmed the presence of previously described Alu elements in the capuchins. An Alu insertion present in the Cebidae2 genomic region belonging to the AluSc subfamily was amplified and sequenced only in Sapajus. No amplified or unspecific product was obtained for all other species studied here. An AluSc insertion present in the CeSa1 region was found only in Cebus, Sapajus, and Saimiri. Cebidae4 was characterized by two insertions, an AluSz6 shared by all cebids, and a complete SINE (AluSx3) found only in the capuchins (Cebus and Sapajus). The genomic region Cebidae5 revealed two insertion events, one of the AluSx subfamily, which was shared by all cebids, and another (AluSc8), that was unique to Cebus, offering a straightforward criterion for the differentiation of the two genera, Cebus and Sapajus. The Cebidae6 region showed four distinct insertion events: a 52-bp simple repeat ((TATG) n), two very ancient repeats (MIRc) and a TcMar-Tigger shared by all New World monkeys studied so far, and an Alu insertion of the AluSx subfamily present exclusively in the cebids. The phylogenetic tree confirmed the division of the capuchins into two genera, Cebus and Sapajus, and suggested the southern species Sapajus nigritus robustus and S. cay as the earliest and second earliest offshoots in this genus, respectively. This supports a southern origin for the Sapajus radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M G Martins
- Institute for Coastal Studies, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mercês MP, Lynch Alfaro JW, Ferreira WAS, Harada ML, Silva Júnior JS. Morphology and mitochondrial phylogenetics reveal that the Amazon River separates two eastern squirrel monkey species: Saimiri sciureus and S. collinsi. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 82 Pt B:426-35. [PMID: 25451802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Saimiri has a complicated taxonomic history, and there is continuing disagreement about the number of valid taxa. Despite these controversies, one point of consensus among morphologists has been that the eastern Amazonian populations of squirrel monkeys form a single terminal taxon, Saimiri sciureus sciureus (Linnaeus, 1758). This group is distributed to both the north and south of the middle to lower Amazon River and in the Marajó Archipelago. However, a recent molecular study by Lavergne and colleagues suggested that the Saimiri sciureus complex (comprised of S. s. sciureus sensu lato, S. s. albigena, S. s. macrodon, and S. s. cassiquiarensis) was paraphyletic. The discordance between morphological and molecular studies prompted us to conduct a new multidisciplinary analysis, employing a combination of morphological, morphometric, and molecular markers. Our results suggest the currently recognized taxon S. s. sciureus contains two distinct species, recognized by the Phylogenetic Species Concept: Saimiri sciureus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916. East Amazonian squirrel monkeys north of the Amazon have a gray crown (S. sciureus), and south of the Amazon, the crown is yellow (S. collinsi). Morphometric measurements also clearly distinguish between the two species, with the most important contributing factors including width across upper canines for both sexes. For males, the mean zygomatic breadth was significantly wider in S. sciureus compared to S. collinsi, and for females, the width across the upper molars was wider in S. sciureus compared to S. collinsi. Mitochondrial phylogenetic analyses support this separation of the eastern Amazonian squirrel monkeys into two distinct taxa, recovering one clade (S. sciureus) distributed to the north of the Amazon River, from the Negro River and Branco River to the Guiana coast and the Brazilian state of Amapá, and another clade (S. collinsi) south of the Amazon River, from the region of the Tapajós River to the state of Maranhão, as well as within the Marajó Archipelago. The revalidation of the species S. collinsi was corroborated by all of the methods in the study, as the clades recovered in our molecular study are congruent with the pattern of morphological variation. We confirm both the paraphyly of the Saimiri sciureus complex and the paraphyly of the subspecies S. s. sciureus as defined in the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P Mercês
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Jessica W Lynch Alfaro
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ward JM, Vallender EJ. The resurgence and genetic implications of New World primates in biomedical research. Trends Genet 2012; 28:586-91. [PMID: 23099234 PMCID: PMC3500444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There has been a recent resurgence of interest in New World monkeys within the biomedical research community, driven by both the sequencing of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) genome and a growing demand for alternatives to Old World primates. New World monkeys offer attractive advantages over Old World species, including cheaper and simpler husbandry, while still maintaining a greater evolutionary proximity to humans compared with other animal models. Although numerous commonalities across primate species exist, there are also important genetic and reproductive differences that can and should play a critical role in selecting appropriate animal models. Common marmosets in particular have significantly reduced diversity at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci and are born as hematopoietic chimeras. New World primates can make ideal translational models for research, but scientists must necessarily incorporate complete understandings of their genetic and phenotypic differences from humans and other model organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Ward
- New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772, USA
| | - Eric J. Vallender
- New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA 01772, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lavergne A, de Thoisy B, Pouliquen JF, Ruiz-García M, Lacoste V. Partial molecular characterisation of New World non-human primate lymphocryptoviruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2011; 11:1782-9. [PMID: 21827873 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The description of numerous viruses belonging to the Lymphocryptovirus genus from different Old and New World non-human primate species during the past 10 years has led to developing and supporting co-speciational evolution hypotheses for these viruses and their hosts. Among the different primate species tested, only a few were from the New World. This study attempted to achieve a better understanding of the evolutionary processes within the Platyrrhini branch. Molecular screening of 253 blood DNA samples from 20 New World non-human primate species from Central and South America was carried out using polymerase chain reaction amplification with degenerate consensus primers targeting highly conserved amino acid motifs of the herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene. In addition to the 33 samples from which we have already described three lymphocryptoviruses, amplification products were detected in 17 other samples originating from 11 species (13 sub-species). BLAST searches, pairwise nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons, and phylogenetic analyses confirm that they all belong to the Lymphocryptovirus genus. Fourteen distinct Lymphocryptovirus sequences were detected, of which nine have never been reported. Phylogenetic analyses showed that, as expected, the New World virus lineage formed a sister clade to that of the Old World viruses. The parallel determination of the host taxa has demonstrated a good correlation between the distinct monophyletic clades of viruses and the infected primates at the sub-family level. In addition, these results further suggest the existence of two distinct groups within the Cebidae for Saimirinae and Cebinae primates. Nevertheless, based on the current genetic data, this study fell short of achieving a tree that was completely resolved within the lineage of Platyrrhini viruses. Further studies will be needed to better assess the evolutionary relationships between these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lavergne
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, BP6010, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chiou KL, Pozzi L, Lynch Alfaro JW, Di Fiore A. Pleistocene diversification of living squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.) inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 59:736-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
10
|
Zimbler-DeLorenzo HS, Stone AI. Integration of field and captive studies for understanding the behavioral ecology of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sp.). Am J Primatol 2011; 73:607-22. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
11
|
Menezes AN, Bonvicino CR, Seuánez HN. Identification, classification and evolution of owl monkeys (Aotus, Illiger 1811). BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:248. [PMID: 20704725 PMCID: PMC2931504 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owl monkeys, belonging to the genus Aotus, have been extensively used as animal models in biomedical research but few reports have focused on the taxonomy and phylogeography of this genus. Moreover, the morphological similarity of several Aotus species has led to frequent misidentifications, mainly at the boundaries of their distribution. In this study, sequence data from five mitochondrial regions and the nuclear, Y-linked, SRY gene were used for species identification and phylogenetic reconstructions using well characterized specimens of Aotus nancymaae, A. vociferans, A. lemurinus, A. griseimembra, A. trivirgatus, A. nigriceps, A. azarae boliviensis and A. infulatus. RESULTS The complete MT-CO1, MT-TS1, MT-TD, MT-CO2, MT-CYB regions were sequenced in 18 Aotus specimens. ML and Bayesian topologies of concatenated data and separate regions allowed for the proposition of a tentative Aotus phylogeny, indicating that Aotus diverged some 4.62 Million years before present (MYBP). Similar analyses with included GenBank specimens were useful for assessing species identification of deposited data. CONCLUSIONS Alternative phylogenetic reconstructions, when compared with karyotypic and biogeographic data, led to the proposition of evolutionary scenarios questioning the conventional diversification of this genus in monophyletic groups with grey and red necks. Moreover, genetic distance estimates and haplotypic differences were useful for species validations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert N Menezes
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - 21949-570 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cibele R Bonvicino
- Programa de Genética - Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 4° andar, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Reservatórios Silvestres, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Hector N Seuánez
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária - 21949-570 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Genética - Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 4° andar, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lavergne A, Ruiz-García M, Catzeflis F, Lacote S, Contamin H, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Lacoste V, de Thoisy B. Phylogeny and phylogeography of squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri) based on cytochrome b genetic analysis. Am J Primatol 2010; 72:242-53. [PMID: 19937739 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri) are distributed over a wide area encompassing the Amazon Basin: French Guiana, Suriname, and Guyana, together with Western Panama and Western Costa Rica. The genus Saimiri includes a complex of species and subspecies displaying considerable morphological variation. Taxonomic and systematic studies have identified, in this genus, one to seven species comprising up to 16 subspecies. The phylogenetic relationships between these taxa are poorly understood. Molecular markers have yielded a consistent framework for the systematics of Central and South American Saimiri, identifying four distinct clades: S. oerstedii, S. sciureus, S. boliviensis, and S. ustus. Here, we reconsider the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of Saimiri on the basis of mitochondrial (mtDNA) sequence data, focusing mostly on individuals originating from the Amazon Basin. We studied 32 monkeys with well-defined geographic origins and inferred the phylogenetic relationships between them on the basis of full-length cytochrome b gene nucleotide sequences. The high level of gene diversity observed (0.966) is consistent with the high level of behavioral and morphological variation observed across the geographic range of the genus: 20 mtDNA haplotypes were identified with a maximum divergence of 4.81% between S. b. boliviensis and S. ustus. In addition to confirming the existence of the four clades previously identified on the basis of molecular characters, we suggest several new lineages, including S. s. macrodon, S. s. albigena, S. s. cassiquiarensis, and S. s. collinsi. We also propose new patterns of dispersion and diversification for the genus Saimiri, and discuss the contribution of certain rivers and forest refuges to its structuring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lavergne
- Centre de Primatologie de l'Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lacoste V, Lavergne A, de Thoisy B, Pouliquen JF, Gessain A. Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of human and non-human primate Gammaherpesvirinae. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2009; 10:1-13. [PMID: 19879975 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Gammaherpesvirinae sub-family is divided into two genera: Lymphocryptovirus and Rhadinovirus. Until the middle of the 1990s, the Rhadinovirus genus was only represented by Herpesvirus saimiri and Herpesvirus ateles, which infect New World monkey species. Until the year 2000, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the human prototype of the Lymphocryptovirus, and simian homologues had only been detected in humans and Old World non-human primates. It was thought, therefore, that the separation of the continents had resulted in drastic changes in Gammaherpesvirinae evolution. The discovery of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in humans, belonging to the Rhadinovirus, followed by the identification of CalHV3 (Callitrichine herpesvirus 3), a lymphocryptovirus of the marmoset, challenged this paradigm. The description of numerous viruses belonging to this sub-family from various Old and New World primate species enabled a cospeciation hypothesis for these viruses and their hosts to be developed. This review focuses on the current knowledge of primate Gammaherpesvirinae genetic diversity and molecular evolution. We discuss the various theories based on current genetic data regarding evolutionary relationships between lymphocryptoviruses of Old World primates, the use of these data as a tool to study evolutionary relationships between New World monkey species, and the possible existence of a ninth human herpesvirus belonging to the Rhadinovirus genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lacoste
- Laboratoire des Interactions Virus-Hôtes, Institut Pasteur de Guyane, 23 avenue Pasteur, BP6010, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Higashino A, Osada N, Suto Y, Hirata M, Kameoka Y, Takahashi I, Terao K. Development of an integrative database with 499 novel microsatellite markers for Macaca fascicularis. BMC Genet 2009; 10:24. [PMID: 19497132 PMCID: PMC2702342 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-10-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are a valuable resource for linkage studies of genetic disorders, but their microsatellite markers are not sufficient. In genetic studies, a prerequisite for mapping genes is development of a genome-wide set of microsatellite markers in target organisms. A whole genome sequence and its annotation also facilitate identification of markers for causative mutations. The aim of this study is to establish hundreds of microsatellite markers and to develop an integrative cynomolgus macaque genome database with a variety of datasets including marker and gene information that will be useful for further genetic analyses in this species. RESULTS We investigated the level of polymorphisms in cynomolgus monkeys for 671 microsatellite markers that are covered by our established Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones. Four hundred and ninety-nine (74.4%) of the markers were found to be polymorphic using standard PCR analysis. The average number of alleles and average expected heterozygosity at these polymorphic loci in ten cynomolgus macaques were 8.20 and 0.75, respectively. CONCLUSION BAC clones and novel microsatellite markers were assigned to the rhesus genome sequence and linked with our cynomolgus macaque cDNA database (QFbase). Our novel microsatellite marker set and genomic database will be valuable integrative resources in analyzing genetic disorders in cynomolgus macaques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsunori Higashino
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 1-1 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Naoki Osada
- Department of Biomedical Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yumiko Suto
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Department of Biomedical Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kameoka
- Department of Biomedical Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Keiji Terao
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 1-1 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Osterholz M, Vermeer J, Walter L, Roos C. A PCR-based marker to simply identify Saimiri sciureus and S. boliviensis boliviensis. Am J Primatol 2009; 70:1177-80. [PMID: 18831057 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Squirrel monkeys, mainly Saimiri sciureus and S. boliviensis, are common in zoos and widely used in biomedical research. However, an exact species identification based on morphological characteristics is difficult. Hence, several molecular methods were proposed, but all of them are expensive and require extensive laboratory work. In contrast, we describe an Alu integration, which is present in S. boliviensis boliviensis and absent in S. sciureus. Among analyzed S. b. peruviensis specimens various presence/absence patterns of the integration were detected indicating that this study population might have originated from a natural hybrid zone. Based on the size of the Alu element ( approximately 300 bp), the presence/absence pattern of the integration can easily be traced by PCR and followed by agarose gel electrophoresis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Steinberg ER, Nieves M, Ascunce MS, Palermo AM, Mudry MD. Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Saimiri boliviensis. INT J PRIMATOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-008-9328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
17
|
PERWITASARI-FARAJALLAH DYAH. Human Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Markers for Paternity Testing in Pig-Tailed Macaques. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.14.2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
18
|
Michel JC, Behr C, Morales-Betoulle ME, Jouin H, Mercereau-Puijalon O, Contamin H. Blood typing in Saimiri sciureus monkeys: influence of anti-red blood cell alloantibodies on Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in vivo. Microbes Infect 2005; 7:983-9. [PMID: 15994106 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2005.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The Saimiri sciureus monkey is a well-established host for experimental studies with human malaria parasites. During the course of iterative inoculations with Plasmodium falciparum parasitised red blood cells (RBC), anti-RBC alloantibodies were detected in the sera of two of eight Saimiri monkeys. These anti-RBC antibodies were further used to investigate RBC phenotypes in 35 colony-reared Saimiri monkeys by flow cytometry. Three RBC phenotypes (named I-III) were observed. Their distribution was I (86%), II (11%) and III (3%). Using the Palo Alto FUP-2 strain, a variant P. falciparum line insensitive to hyperimmune serum and the passive transfer of anti-RBC alloantibodies, a dramatic drop in parasite growth was documented in an incompatible monkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Michel
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Parasitaire et Unité de Primatologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane française, Cayenne, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Population modeling for a squirrel monkey colony breeding in a captive laboratory environment was approached with the use of two different mathematical modeling techniques. Deterministic modeling was used initially on a spreadsheet to estimate future census figures for animals in various age/sex classes. Historical data were taken as input parameters for the model, combined with harvesting policies to calculate future population figures in the colony. This was followed by a more sophisticated stochastic model that is capable of accommodating random variations in biological phenomena, as well as smoothing out measurement errors. Point estimates (means) for input parameters used in the deterministic model are replaced by probability distributions fitted into historical data from colony records. With the use of Crystal Ball (Decisioneering, Inc., Denver, CO) software, user-selected distributions are embedded in appropriate cells in the spreadsheet model. A Monte Carlo simulation scheme running within the spreadsheet draws (on each cycle) random values for input parameters from the distribution embedded in each relevant cell, and thus generates output values for forecast variables. After several thousand runs, a distribution is formed at the output end representing estimates for population figures (forecast variables) in the form of probability distributions. Such distributions provide the decision-maker with a mathematical habitat for statistical analysis in a stochastic setting. In addition to providing standard statistical measures (e.g., mean, variance, and range) that describe the location and shape of the distribution, this approach offers the potential for investigating crucial issues such as conditions surrounding the plausibility of extinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can C Akkoç
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|