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He C, Yu T, Shi Y, Ma C, Yang W, Fang L, Sun M, Wu W, Xiao F, Guo F, Chen M, Yang H, Qian J, Cong Y, Liu Z. MicroRNA 301A Promotes Intestinal Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Cancer Development by Inhibiting BTG1. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1434-1448.e15. [PMID: 28193514 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer have increased expression of microRNA-301a (MIR301A) compared with tissues from patients without IBD. We studied the mechanisms of MIR301A in the progression of IBD in human tissues and mice. METHODS We isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) from biopsy samples of the colon from 153 patients with different stages of IBD activity, 6 patients with colitis-associated cancer (CAC), and 35 healthy individuals (controls), enrolled in the study in Shanghai, China. We measured expression of MIR301A and BTG anti-proliferation factor 1 (BTG1) by IECs using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Human colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116 and SW480) were transfected with a lentivirus that expresses MIR301A; expression of cytokines and tight junction proteins were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. We generated mice with disruption of the microRNA-301A gene (MIR301A-knockout mice), and also studied mice that express a transgene-encoding BTG1. Colitis was induced in knockout, transgenic, and control (C57BL/B6) mice by administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and mice were given azoxymethane to induce colorectal carcinogenesis. Colons were collected and analyzed histologically and by immunohistochemistry; tumor nodules were counted and tumor size was measured. SW480 cells expressing the MIR301A transgene were grown as xenograft tumors in nude mice. RESULTS Expression of MIR301A increased in IECs from patients with IBD and CAC compared with controls. MIR301A-knockout mice were resistant to the development of colitis following administration of DSS; their colon tissues expressed lower levels of interleukin 1β (IL1β), IL6, IL8, and tumor necrosis factor than colons of control mice. Colon tissues from MIR301A-knockout mice had increased epithelial barrier integrity and formed fewer tumors following administration of azoxymethane than control mice. Human IECs expressing transgenic MIR301A down-regulated expression of cadherin 1 (also called E-cadherin or CDH1). We identified BTG1 mRNA as a target of MIR301A; levels of BTG1 mRNA were reduced in inflamed mucosa from patients with active IBD compared with controls. There was an inverse correlation between levels of BTG1 mRNA and levels of MIR301A in inflamed mucosal tissues from patients with active IBD. Human colon cancer cell lines that expressed a MIR301A transgene increased proliferation; they had increased permeability and decreased expression of CDH1 compared with cells transfected with a control vector, indicating reduced intestinal barrier function. BTG1 transgenic mice developed less severe colitis than control mice following administration of DSS. SW480 cells expressing anti-MIR301A formed fewer xenograft tumors in nude mice than cells expressing a control vector. CONCLUSIONS Levels of MIR301A are increased in IECs from patients with active IBD. MIR301A reduces expression of BTG1 to reduce epithelial integrity and promote inflammation in mouse colon and promotes tumorigenesis. Strategies to decrease levels of MIR301A in colon tissues might be developed to treat patients with IBD and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianming Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyun Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Xie YR, Liu SL, Liu X, Luo ZB, Zhu B, Li ZF, Li LJ, He Y, Jiang L, Li H, Ruan B. Intestinal microbiota and innate immunity-related gene alteration in cirrhotic rats with liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 43:3973-9. [PMID: 22172882 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the alteration of intestinal microbiota, innate immunity-related genes, and bacterial translocation in rats with cirrhosis and liver transplantation. METHODS Specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups: (1) normal controls (N); (2) liver cirrhosis (LC); (3) normal control groups with liver transplantation (LTN); and (4) liver cirrhosis with liver transplantation (LTC). We examined plasma endotoxin, bacterial tacslocation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profile of intestinal mucosa-associated bacteria, abundance of key bacterial populations, and expression of innate immunity-related gene. RESULTS The LTC and LC group, showed higher endotoxin levels (1.08±0.73 EU/mL and 0.74±0.70 EU/mL, respectively) than the N group (0.27±0.13 EU/mL; P<.05). the incidence of bacterial translocation (BT) to liver and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and the number of total bacteria were increased significantly in the LTC and LC groups compared with the N group (P<.05). The counts of Lactobacilli and Bacteroides were lower, whereas Enterobacteria were higher in the LC than the N group (P<.05). Mucins (MUC2, MUC3) and Toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were significantly higher in the LC and LTC groups than the N group (P<.05). The marked difference between the groups in the overall structure of the bacterial community was also generated by DGGE profiles. CONCLUSION Liver cirrhosis disturbs intestinal microbiota and innate immunity-related genes, which contributes to endotoxemia and bacterial translocation. These had not completely recovered in cirrhotic rats until 1 month after orthotopic liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Infectious Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Gómez-Hurtado I, Santacruz A, Peiró G, Zapater P, Gutiérrez A, Pérez-Mateo M, Sanz Y, Francés R. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and bacterial translocation in mice with CCl4-induced fibrosis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23037. [PMID: 21829583 PMCID: PMC3146520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut is the major source of endogenous bacteria causing infections in advanced cirrhosis. Intestinal barrier dysfunction has been described in cirrhosis and account for an increased bacterial translocation rate. HYPOTHESIS AND AIMS We hypothesize that microbiota composition may be affected and change along with the induction of experimental cirrhosis, affecting the inflammatory response. ANIMALS AND METHODS Progressive liver damage was induced in Balb/c mice by weight-controlled oral administration of carbon tetrachloride. Laparotomies were performed at weeks 6, 10, 13 and 16 in a subgroup of treated mice (n = 6/week) and control animals (n = 4/week). Liver tissue specimens, mesenteric lymph nodes, intestinal content and blood were collected at laparotomies. Fibrosis grade, pro-fibrogenic genes expression, gut bacterial composition, bacterial translocation, host's specific butyrate-receptor GPR-43 and serum cytokine levels were measured. RESULTS Expression of pro-fibrogenic markers was significantly increased compared with control animals and correlated with the accumulated dose of carbon tetrachloride. Bacterial translocation episodes were less frequent in control mice than in treated animals. Gram-positive anaerobic Clostridia spp count was decreased in treated mice compared with control animals and with other gut common bacterial species, altering the aerobic/anaerobic ratio. This fact was associated with a decreased gene expression of GPR43 in neutrophils of treated mice and inversely correlated with TNF-alpha and IL-6 up-regulation in serum of treated mice along the study protocol. This pro-inflammatory scenario favoured blood bacterial translocation in treated animals, showing the highest bacterial translocation rate and aerobic/anaerobic ratio at the same weeks. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota alterations are associated with the development of an inflammatory environment, fibrosis progression and bacterial translocation in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gómez-Hurtado
- Unidad Hepática, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arlette Santacruz
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Peiró
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pedro Zapater
- Unidad Hepática, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gutiérrez
- Unidad Hepática, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Sanz
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Unidad Hepática, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Miyata M, Takamatsu Y, Kuribayashi H, Yamazoe Y. Administration of ampicillin elevates hepatic primary bile acid synthesis through suppression of ileal fibroblast growth factor 15 expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 331:1079-85. [PMID: 19767447 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.160093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of the antibacterial drug ampicillin (ABPC) significantly increased hepatic bile acid concentrations. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms for the elevation of bile acid levels in ABPC-treated mice. Hepatic microsomal cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylation and CYP7A1 mRNA level were increased 2.0-fold in ABPC-treated mice despite higher bile acid levels in the liver and small intestinal lumen. A significant change in hepatic small heterodimer partner (SHP) mRNA level was not observed in ABPC-treated mice, whereas a marked decrease in ileal fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) mRNA level was observed (3% of vehicle-treated mice). These phenomena were also observed in mice cotreated with bacitracin/streptomycin/neomycin, which are barely absorbed from the intestine. Primary bile acid contents in the small intestinal lumen were increased in ABPC-treated mice, whereas secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), contents were reduced to below detection limits (<0.01 micromol). In ABPC-treated mice, cotreatment with tauroDCA reversed reductions in ileal FGF15 mRNA level. Ileal SHP mRNA level was, however, not decreased in ABPC-treated mice. ABPC administration to farnesoid X receptor (Fxr)-null mice also decreased ileal FGF15 mRNA levels and secondary bile acid content in the small intestinal lumen. These results suggest that ABPC administration elevates hepatic primary bile acid synthesis, at least in part, through suppression of ileal FGF15 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miyata
- Division of Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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