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Si Y, Hui C, Guo T, Liu M, Chen X, Dong C, Feng S. Phellodendronoside A Exerts Anticancer Effects Depending on Inducing Apoptosis Through ROS/Nrf2/Notch Pathway and Modulating Metabolite Profiles in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:935-948. [PMID: 37361906 PMCID: PMC10290457 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s403630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To reveal the potential mechanism of PDA on hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Methods The cytotoxic activity, colony formation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and their associated protein analysis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ levels, proteins in Nrf2 and Ntoch pathways and metabolite profiles of PDA against hepatocellular carcinoma were investigated. Results PDA with cytotoxic activity inhibited cell proliferation and migration, increased intracellular ROS, Ca2+ levels and MCUR1 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner, caused cell cycle arrest in the S phase and induced apoptosis via adjusting the levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase 3 proteins, and inhibited the activation of Notch1, Jagged, Hes1, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins. Metabonomics data showed that PDA significantly regulated 144 metabolite levels tend to be normal level, especially carnitine derivatives, bile acid metabolites associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, and mainly enriched in ABC transporter, arginine and proline metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, Notch signaling pathway, etc, and proved that PDA markedly adjusted Notch signaling pathway. Conclusion PDA exhibited the proliferation inhibition of SMMC-7721 cells by inhibiting ROS/Nrf2/Notch signaling pathway and significantly affected the metabolic profile, suggesting PDA could be a potential therapeutic agent for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpo Si
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Medicinal and Edible Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Hui
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Medicinal and Edible Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Dong
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Polysaccharides and Drugs Research, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuying Feng
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Xu L, Cheng J, Lu J, Lin G, Yu Q, Li Y, Chen J, Xie J, Su Z, Zhou Q. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to clarify the anti-hyperuricemia mechanism of cortex phellodendri in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:964593. [PMID: 36438835 PMCID: PMC9692208 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.964593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA), a common metabolic disease, is treated as the second-largest metabolic disease after diabetes in China. Cortex Phellodendri (CP) is one of the most frequently used herbal medicines for treating gout or HUA. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-HUA effect of CP is still unrevealed. Hence, this study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of CP against HUA using network pharmacology coupled with in vivo experimental validation. Active compounds and potential targets of CP, as well as the potential targets related to HUA, were retrieved from multiple open-source databases. The drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by Venn diagram analysis and used to construct the herb-component-target (HCT), protein-protein-interaction (PPI), and component-target-pathway (CTP) networks. The functional enrichment analysis was also performed for further study. Furthermore, a HUA mouse model was induced by a combination of intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate (PO, 300 mg/kg) and intragastric administration of hypoxanthine (HX, 300 mg/kg) daily for 10 days. Different dosages of CP (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) were orally given to mice 1 h after modeling. The results showed that 12 bioactive compounds and 122 drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by matching 415 CP-related targets and 679 HUA-related targets, and berberine was one of the most important compounds with the highest degree value. The core targets of CP for treating HUA were TP53, MAPK8, MAPK3, IL-6, c-Jun, AKT1, xanthine oxidase (XOD), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that the anti-HUA effect of CP mainly involved the pathways of inflammation and apoptosis, such as PI3K/Akt, TNF, MAPK, TLR, AMPK, NF-κB, and NLRP3 signaling pathways. In vivo animal experiment further confirmed the hypouricemic effect of CP in a HUA mouse model, as evidenced by significantly restored kidney histological deteriorations, and considerably decreased levels of serum uric acid (sUA), creatinine (Cre), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and hepatic UA. Furthermore, the hypouricemic action of CP in vivo might be attributed to its suppression of XOD activity in the liver, rather than ABCG2 in the kidney. Real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis also confirmed the key roles of the hub genes in CP against HUA. In conclusion, CP exhibited therapeutic effect against HUA via multi-compounds, multi-targets, and multi-pathways. It possessed anti-HUA and nephroprotective effects via suppressing XOD activity, and reversed the progression of renal injury by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieqiang Xu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanjuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoshu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- China Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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Hu L, Wang J, Wu N, Zhao X, Cai D. Utilizing network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate the underlying mechanism of phellodendrine on inflammation. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13852. [PMID: 36172495 PMCID: PMC9512003 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Phellodendrine, one of the characteristic and important active components of Cortex phellodendri, has been proven to show anti-inflammatory effects. However, the underlying mechanism of phellodendrine on inflammation remains largely unclear. Aim of the study In this study, network pharmacology and experimental validation were used to explore the underlying mechanism of phellodendrine on inflammation. Materials and Methods PubChem and SwissADME database were used to evaluate the drug-likeness and other characteristics of phellodendrine. The targets of phellodendrine for the treatment of inflammation were analyzed with multiple databases. Other extensive analyses including protein-protein interaction, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment were accomplished with the STRING database, Cytoscape software, and DAVID database. Moreover, the effect of phellodendrine on anti-inflammation was proven in RAW264.7. Results The network pharmacology results indicated that phellodendrine had drug potential. Phellodendrine acted directly on 12 targets, including PTGS1, PTGS2, HTR1A, and PIK3CA, and then regulated cAMP, estrogen, TNF, serotonergic synapse, and other signaling pathways to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The experimental results showed that phellodendrine reduced the levels of IL-6 compared with the LPS group in 24 h and changed the mRNA expression of PTGS1, PTGS2, HSP90ab1, AKT1, HTR1A, PI3CA, and F10. Conclusion Our research preliminarily uncovered the therapeutic mechanisms of phellodendrine on inflammation with multiple targets and pathways. Phellodendrine may be a potential treatment for inflammation-related diseases related to the cAMP and TNF signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hu
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Na Wu
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | | | - Donghui Cai
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
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Zheng H, Liu Y, Cai J, Zhang M, Wen Y, Guo L. The exploration of anti-Vibrio parahaemolyticus substances from Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex as a preservative for shrimp storage. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1004262. [PMID: 36177459 PMCID: PMC9514719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1004262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of the anti-Vibrio parahaemolyticus substances of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (ASPC), identify their active substances, and investigate their application in shrimp storage. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of ASPC were optimized through a single-factor experiment combined with response surface methodology. The optimal parameters were the ethanol concentration of 81%, the ultrasonic power of 500 W, the temperature of 80°C, the extraction time of 23 min, and the liquid/solid ratio 25 ml/g. The antibacterial zone diameter of the obtained extract determined by agar well diffusion method was 15.56 ± 0.22 mm, which was not significantly different from the predicted value (15.92 mm). Berberine was identified as one of the main chemical components of ASPC through high-performance liquid chromatography combined with standard control. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ASPC and berberine determined by the tube dilution method were 0.25 and 0.03 mg/ml, respectively. The application of ASPC in shrimp storage showed that it could effectively inhibit the proliferation of V. parahaemolyticus on shrimps. This report offers good prospects for the use of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex as a potential preservative against V. parahaemolyticus in aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Ying Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Guo,
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Lv D, Ji Y, Zhang Q, Shi Z, Chen T, Zhang C, Wang X, Ren T, Gao Z, Zhong C. Mailuoshutong pill for varicocele-associated male infertility—Phytochemical characterisation and multitarget mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:961011. [PMID: 36160417 PMCID: PMC9500298 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.961011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Varicocele (VC) is a relatively common and treatable cause of male infertility. Mailuoshutong pill (MLST), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, is widely used for treating varicose vein disease, but the underlying mechanism of MLST on varicocele-associated male infertility is unclear. Objective: To reveal the phytochemical characterisation and multitarget mechanism of MLST on varicocele-associated male infertility. Methods: The components in MLST were determined using UHPLC-MS/MS. Through network analysis, we constructed the “Drug-Components-Targets-Disease” network and predicted the potential biological functions and signaling pathways of MLST. Finally, the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of MLST were discovered by pharmacological experiments. Results: By network analysis, the “Drug-Components-Targets-Disease” network was constructed, 62 components such as apigenin, limonin, kaempferol, and obacunoic acid may be the main active components of MLST for varicocele-associated male infertility, 28 targets such as VEGFA, PIK3CA, AKT1, and MTOR are considered as hub targets, signaling pathways such as HIF-1, Estrogen, PI3K/Akt, and mTOR may be key pathways for MLST against varicocele-associated male infertility. Through pharmacological experiments, we found that MLST ameliorated VC-induced testicular atrophy. Further histomorphology showed that MLST reduced VC-induced damage to testicular spermatogonia and seminiferous tubule, while MLST reduced ROS and MDA levels and increased antioxidant enzymes (GSH, GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT) levels. TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence showed that MLST reduced VC-induced apoptosis in testicular tissue, decreased BAX, and increased BCL2. Western blot results showed that MLST decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR proteins, and decreased the expression of HIF1α. Conclusion: The phytochemical characterisation and multitarget mechanism of MLST on varicocele-associated male infertility were discovered using network analysis and pharmacological experiments. We verified that MLST can inhibit the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, reduce the expression of HIF1α, and further attenuate VC-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testis. These findings provide evidence for the therapeutic role of MLST in varicocele-associated male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Lv
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuozhuo Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Taotao Ren
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaowang Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chongfu Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chongfu Zhong,
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Liu SB, Lu SW, Sun H, Zhang AH, Wang H, Wei WF, Han JR, Guo YJ, Wang XJ. Deciphering the Q-markers of nourishing kidney-yin of Cortex Phellodendri amurense from ZhibaiDihuang pill based on Chinmedomics strategy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153690. [PMID: 34438229 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortex Phellodendri amurensis (CPA) has high medicinal value in the treatment of kidney-yin deficiency diseases. However, due to the lack of research on the therapeutic material basis of CPA, the current quality control standard for CPA is defective, and the effect of the nourishing kidney-yin of CPA was limited. PURPOSE Based on the principle of correspondence between the syndrome and prescriptions, we studied the CPA in ZhibaiDihuang pill (ZBDH) to identify quality markers (Q-markers) of CPA in ZBDH for treating kidney-yin deficiency and seek the potential Q-markers of CPA under nourishing kidney-yin effect combined with the analysis of single CPA. METHODS Taking Chinmedomics as the core strategy, metabonomics analysis and effective component identification were performed by UPLC-MS. RESULTS A total of 121 chemical components of ZBDH were identified, among which the contents of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine and magnoflorine changed the most obviously with the addition of CPA. Forty-five components were identified in the blood in the markedly effective state, including berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine and magnoflorine. The therapeutic material basis of ZBDH in the treatment of kidney-yin deficiency was found, and 6 components were found to derive from CPA, including magnoflorine and jatrorrhizine. In addition, seventeen components were identified in the blood in the single CPA treatment, including berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine and magnoflorine. CONCLUSIONS Magnoflorine and jatrorrhizine were the Q-markers of CPA for treating kidney-yin deficiency in the formula of ZBDH and they were also potential Q-markers of the nourishing kidney-yin of CPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bo Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Lu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wen-Feng Wei
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jin-Run Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ya-Jing Guo
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau; National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nanning Guangxi 530023, China.
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7
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Si Y, Li X, Guo T, Wei W, Zhang J, Jia A, Wang Y, Zhao A, Chang J, Feng S. Isolation and characterization of phellodendronoside A, a new isoquinoline alkaloid glycoside with anti-inflammatory activity from Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Fitoterapia 2021; 154:105021. [PMID: 34403776 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. (Rutaceae), called "Huang Bai" in China, is one of the 50 most used Chinese medicines in clinical practice. In this paper, a new isoquinoline alkaloid glycoside was isolated from P. chinense, and its structure was elucidated using spectroscopic method. The compound was eventually identified as (1S, 3"S)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-1-[(4-hydroxybenzyl) methyl]-2-methyl-8-O-isoquinolinyl-[3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl]-β-D-glucopyranoside and named as Phellodendronoside A (PDA). The results of molecular docking showed that PDA could stably bind to an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), stress-activated protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) proteins that are closely related to inflammation. Further, the anti-inflammatory activity of PDA was evaluated using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW264.7 macrophage model. We observed that PDA can effectively reduce the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and decrease the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Moreover, we found that PDA inhibits the activation of ERK, JNK and p38MAPK proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway. Collectively, the present study demonstrates that PDA has excellent anti-inflammatory effect in vitro by inhibiting the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, and its mechanism of action involves suppressing the activation of MAPK pathways, suggesting that PDA may be a potential agent for the treatment of inflammatory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpo Si
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Wenjun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - JuBao Zhang
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - An Jia
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, China
| | - Ya Wang
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Aihong Zhao
- School of life science and engineering, Lanzhou university of technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuying Feng
- Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Su S, Wang X, Xi X, Zhu L, Chen Q, Zhang H, Qin Y, Yang B, Che N, Cao H, Zhong W, Wang B. Phellodendrine promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and treats ulcerative colitis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5707-5720. [PMID: 34002930 PMCID: PMC8184668 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic effects of phellodendrine in ulcerative colitis (UC) through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Volunteers were recruited to observe the therapeutic effects of Compound Cortex Phellodendri Liquid (Huangbai liniment). The main components of Compound Cortex Phellodendri Liquid were analysed via network pharmacology. The target of phellodendrine was further analysed. Caco-2 cells were cultured, and H2 O2 was used to stimulate in vitro cell model. Expression levels of LC3, AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR and p-mTOR were detected via Western blotting and through immunofluorescence experiments. The therapeutic effects of phellodendrine were analysed via expression spectrum chip sequencing. The sequencing of intestinal flora further elucidated the therapeutic effects of phellodendrine. Compared with the control group, Compound Cortex Phellodendri Liquid could substantially improve the healing of intestinal mucosa. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that phellodendrine is the main component of Compound Cortex Phellodendri Liquid. Moreover, this alkaloid targets the AMPK signalling pathway. Results of animal experiments showed that phellodendrine could reduce the intestinal damage of UC compared with the model group. Findings of cell experiments indicated that phellodendrine treatment could activate the p-AMPK /mTOR signalling pathway, as well as autophagy. Expression spectrum chip sequencing showed that treatment with phellodendrine could promote mucosal healing and reduce inflammatory responses. Results of intestinal flora detection demonstrated that treatment with phellodendrine could increase the abundance of flora and the content of beneficial bacteria. Phellodendrine may promote autophagy by regulating the AMPK-mTOR signalling pathway, thereby reducing intestinal injury due to UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Xiaonan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of PharmacyNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Sciences and MedicineZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Boli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Na Che
- Department of PathologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Department of PathologyGeneral Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseaseTianjinChina
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Kuo CW, Chiu YF, Wu MH, Li MH, Wu CN, Chen WS, Huang CH. Gelatin/Chitosan Bilayer Patches Loaded with Cortex Phellodendron amurense/ Centella asiatica Extracts for Anti-Acne Application. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040579. [PMID: 33671908 PMCID: PMC7918957 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often occurs with anaerobic Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Anti-acne patches, made of hydrocolloid or hydrogel, have become a popular way of topical treatment. The outer water-impermeable layer of commercial patches might create hypoxic conditions and promote P. acnes growth. In this study, gelatin/chitosan (GC) bilayer patches were prepared at different temperatures that included room temperature (RT), −20 °C/RT, and −80 °C/RT. The most promising GC bilayer patch (−80 °C /RT) contained a dense upper layer for protection from bacteria and infection and a porous lower layer for absorbing pus and fluids from pimples. The anti-acne bilayer patch was loaded with Cortex Phellodendri amurensis (PA) and Centella asiatica (CA) extracts. PA extract could inhibit the growth of P. acnes and CA extract was reported to improve wound healing and reduce scar formation. Moreover, the water retention rate, weight loss rate, antibacterial activity, and in vitro cytotoxicity of the patches were investigated. The porous structure of the patches promoted water retention and contributed to absorbing the exudate when used on open acne wounds. The GC bilayer patches loaded with PA/CA extracts were demonstrated to inhibit the growth of P. acnes, and accelerate the skin fibroblast cell viability. Based on their activities and characteristics, the GC bilayer patches with PA/CA extract prepared at −80 °C/RT obtain the potential for the application of acne spot treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wen Kuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Jen-Ai Hospital No. 483, Dong Rong Rd., Tali, Taichung 412, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666 Buzi Rd., Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh Shih Rd., Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chiu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching Hospital, 966 Section 4, Taiwan Avenue, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Min-Hua Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching Hospital, 966 Section 4, Taiwan Avenue, Taichung 407, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (M.-H.W.)
| | - Ming-Hsien Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666 Buzi Rd., Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (C.-N.W.); (W.-S.C.)
| | - Cheng-Nan Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666 Buzi Rd., Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (C.-N.W.); (W.-S.C.)
| | - Wan-Sin Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666 Buzi Rd., Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (C.-N.W.); (W.-S.C.)
| | - Chiung-Hua Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 666 Buzi Rd., Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (C.-N.W.); (W.-S.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang K, Rao J, Zhang T, Gao Q, Zhang J, Guang C, Ding L, Qiu F. Metabolic Activation and Covalent Protein Binding of Berberrubine: Insight into the Underlying Mechanism Related to Its Hepatotoxicity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4423-4438. [PMID: 33122887 PMCID: PMC7588839 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s274627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Berberrubine (BRB), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a major constituent of medicinal plants Coptis chinensis Franch or Phellodendron chinense Schneid. BRB exhibits various pharmacological activities, whereas exposure to BRB may cause toxicity in experimental animals. Methods In this study, we thoroughly investigated the liver injury induced by BRB in mice and rats. To explore the underlying mechanism, a study of the metabolic activation of BRB was conducted. Furthermore, covalent modifications of cysteine residues of proteins were observed in liver homogenate samples of animals after exposure to BRB, by application of an exhaustive proteolytic digestion method. Results It was demonstrated that BRB-induced hepatotoxicities in a time- and dose-dependent manner, based on the biochemical parameters ALT and AST. H&E stained histopathological examination showed the occurrence of obvious edema in liver of mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of BRB at a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Slight hepatotoxicity was also observed in rats given the same doses of BRB after six weeks of gavage. As a result, four GSH adducts derived from reactive metabolites of BRB were detected in microsomal incubations with BRB fortified with GSH as a trapping agent. Moreover, four cys-based adducts derived from reaction of electrophilic metabolites of BBR with proteins were found in livers. Conclusion These results suggested that the formation of protein adducts originating from metabolic activation of BRB could be a crucial factor of the mechanism of BRB-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Rao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
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11
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Kong XP, Liu EY, Chen ZC, Xu ML, Yu AX, Wu QY, Xia YJ, Duan R, Dong TT, Tsim KW. Synergistic Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase by Alkaloids Derived from Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244567. [PMID: 31847089 PMCID: PMC6943709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids having acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity are commonly found in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM); for example, berberine from Coptis chinensis, galantamine from Lycoris radiata, and huperzine A from Huperzia serrata. In practice of TCM, Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (STR) is often combined with Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) or Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) as paired herbs during clinical application. Fangchinoline from STR and coptisine and/or berberine from CR and/or PCC are active alkaloids in inhibiting AChE. The traditional usage of paired herbs suggests the synergistic effect of fangchinoline–coptisine or fangchinoline–berberine pairing in AChE inhibition. HPLC was applied to identify the main components in herbal extracts of STR, CR, and PCC, and the AChE inhibition of their main components was determined by Ellman assay. The synergism of herb combination and active component combination was calculated by median-effect principle. Molecular docking was applied to investigate the underlying binding mechanisms of the active components with the AChE protein. It was found that fangchinoline showed AChE inhibitory potency; furthermore, fangchinoline–coptisine/berberine pairs (at ratios of 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1) synergistically inhibited AChE; the combination index (CI) at different ratios was less than one when Fa = 0.5, suggesting synergistic inhibition of AChE. Furthermore, the molecular docking simulation supported this enzymatic inhibition. Therefore, fangchinoline–coptisine/berberine pairs, or their parental herbal mixtures, may potentially be developed as a possible therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Peng Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Etta Y.L. Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Cong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda Li Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna X.D. Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi-Yun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Jie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T.X. Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (T.T.X.D.); (K.W.K.T.); Tel.: +86-755-8671-5683 (T.T.X.D.); +852-2358-7332 (K.W.K.T.)
| | - Karl W.K. Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen 518057, China; (X.-P.K.); (Z.-C.C.); (M.L.X.); (Q.-Y.W.); (Y.-J.X.); (R.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (T.T.X.D.); (K.W.K.T.); Tel.: +86-755-8671-5683 (T.T.X.D.); +852-2358-7332 (K.W.K.T.)
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Flower A, Harman K, Willcox M, Stuart B, Moore M. The RUTI trial: A feasibility study exploring Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 243:111935. [PMID: 31082512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a widely used traditional intervention that may have a role to play in addressing the global problem of antimicrobial resistance in conditions such as recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs). AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the feasibility of administering standardised and individualised formulations of CHM for RUTIs as a Clinical Trial of an Investigational Medicinal Product (CTIMP) within primary care of the UKs National Health Service (NHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Regulatory approval was applied for a placebo controlled, double blinded randomised controlled feasibility trial comparing a) standardised CHM vs placebo administered via General practitioners, and b) individualised CHM vs placebo administered by an experienced CHM practitioner. Primary feasibility outcomes included: gaining regulatory approval, recruitment, randomisation, retention, safety and the relevance of outcomes measures. RESULTS Regulatory approval for testing CHM as a CTIMP was successfully obtained. Recruitment to the trial was slow and non-NHS self help networks were required to find participants for the individualised arm (n = 31). Retention and data collection in the standardised arm (n-30) were problematic, but these were acceptable in the individualised arm. The use of a daily symptom diary was not a suitable outcome measure for women with continuous infection. Other measures showed promising preliminary data for the individualised arm on improvement in symptoms, and reduction in antibiotic use during and after the trial. CONCLUSION CHM can fulfil the demanding requirements of a CTIMP study but it may not be feasible at this point in time to recruit and treat via NHS primary care. However acceptable rates of recruitment and retention via self-help groups and promising preliminary results in the individualised arm suggest it would be worth testing this approach in a full trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Flower
- Primary Care & Population Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
| | - Kim Harman
- Primary Care & Population Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care & Population Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
| | - Beth Stuart
- Primary Care & Population Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care & Population Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
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Six New Methyl Apiofuranosides from the Bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid and Their Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101851. [PMID: 31091775 PMCID: PMC6572284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemical investigation on 70% EtOH extract from the bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid (Rutaceae) led to six new methyl apiofuranosides (1–6), and ten known compounds (7–16). All these compounds were characterized by the basic analysis of the spectroscopic data including extensive 1D-, 2D-NMR (HSQC, HMBC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the absolute configurations were determined by both empirical approaches and NOESY. Inhibitory effects of compounds 1–9 and 11–16 on nitric oxide production were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated RAW 264.7 cells, as a result, most of these isolates inhibited nitric oxide (NO) release, and among them 9, 11, and 12 displayed the strongest inhibition on NO release at the concentration of 12.5 μM.
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14
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Wang Z, Song M, Cui B, Ren Y, Zhu W, Yang B, Kuang H. A LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of seven alkaloids in rat plasma after oral administration of Phellodendri chinensis cortex extract and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1351-1363. [PMID: 30667161 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed for simultaneous determination of berberine (I), jateorhizine (II), palmatine (III), tetrahydropalmatine (IV), phellodendrine (V), protopine (VI) and columbamine (VII) in rat plasma after oral administration of Phellodendri chinensis cortex extraction. The plasmas were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. The tandem mass spectrometric detection was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode in the positive ionization. The intra- and interday precisions and accuracies were in range from -12.18 to 13.21%. Mean absolute recoveries of all analytes and internal standard were between 78.6 and 98.9%. The seven alkaloids were proven to be stable during sample storage and analysis procedures. The established method was validated and successfully applied to pharmacokinetics study in rat plasma after oral administration of Phellodendri chinensis cortex extract. The t1/2 of palmatine, columbamine, pellodendrine, berberine, tetrahydropalmaine, jatrorrhizine, and protopine were 5.16, 5.96, 7.18, 19.84, 6.28, 7.08, 6.90 h, respectively. The seven compounds could be rapidly absorbed into blood (time for maximal concentration, 1.80-1.93 h). This study could establish a foundation for further research of Phellodendri chinensis cortex and might provide more useful information to guide the clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese MateriaMedica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Chinese MateriaMedica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjang, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjang, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese MateriaMedica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese MateriaMedica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese MateriaMedica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P. R. China
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Wang N, Xu P, Wu C, Wu R, Shou D. Preparation of micro-cell membrane chromatographic columns with polyvinyl alcohol-modified polyether ether ketone tube as cellular membrane carrier. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1104:102-108. [PMID: 30448628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane chromatography is a promising technique for screening active components from complex matrices. Unfortunately, the large consumption of cells and low resolutions of analytes limit the applications of this method. Herein, we report polyether ether ketone tube as a novel cellular membrane carrier for cell membrane chromatography. Its inner surface is firstly coated by polyvinyl alcohol and then cell membranes are physically adsorbed onto the polyvinyl alcohol layer. To verify this approach, osteoclast and osteoblast micro-column were prepared and characterized by calcitonin and verapamil, respectively. Comparing with common cell membrane chromatographic column, the micro-cell membrane chromatographic columns showed about 1000-fold decrease of cell consumption and satisfactory retention behavior. The developed column was applied to screen potential active components from Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis. A total of 18 components in Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis extract were observed as having retention property of osteoclast micro-cell membrane chromatographic column, while 10 components retained on osteoblast micro-cell membrane chromatographic column. The results of in vitro assay showed that berberine, obacunoic acid and phellodendrine had an obvious inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation and function. Berberine and tetrahydropalmatine increased the osteoblast proliferations and mineralized nodules density. This cell membrane/polyvinyl alcohol column can be applied to various biological chromatography models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China; School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Pingcui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Chemsitry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Renjie Wu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China
| | - Dan Shou
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China.
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Quality Evaluation of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex by Fingerprint⁻Chemical Pattern Recognition. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092307. [PMID: 30201911 PMCID: PMC6225206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) and Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex (PAC) are increasingly being used as traditional herbal medicines, but they are often mistaken for each other. In this study, the fingerprints of PCC from six different geographical sources were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography, and multivariate chemometric methods were used for comprehensive analysis. Two unsupervised pattern recognition models (principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis) and a supervised pattern recognition model (partial least squares discriminant analysis) were established on the basis of the chemical composition and physical traits of PCC and PAC. PCC and PAC were found to be distinguishable by these methods. The PCC category was divisible into two categories, one with more crude cork and a maximum thickness of ~1.5 mm, and the other with less net crude cork and a maximum thickness of 0.5 mm. According to the model established by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the important chemical marker berberine hydrochloride was obtained and analyzed quantitatively. From these results combined with chemometric and content analyses, the preliminary classification standards for phellodendron were established as three grades: superior, first-order and mixed. Compared with the traditional identification methods of thin layer chromatography identification and microscopic identification, our method for quality evaluation is relatively simple. It provides a basis and reference for identification of PCC and enables establishment of grade standards. It also could be applied in quality control for compound preparations containing PCC.
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Yin MC, Chang CH, Su CH, Yu B, Hsu YM. Pteris multifida, Cortex phellodendri, and probiotics attenuated inflammatory status and immunity in mice with a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018. [PMID: 29517465 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1447356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Pteris multifida (PM) and Cortex phellodendri (CP) are medicinal foods used for gastrointestinal protection. Lactic-acid bacteria are probiotics. Salmonella Typhimurium strain ST21-infected mice were used to examine the alleviative effects of two lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) as well as aqueous extracts of PM and CP for a 4-day treatment. CP and LAB decreased fecal ST counts. CP and PM reduced the ST21 count in the blood, intestine, and liver. LAB lowered the ST21 count in the intestine and spleen. CP and LAB decreased the IFN-gamma level; PM lowered the TNF-alpha level; and both LAB and PM reduced the IL-1beta level in serum. PM and CP lowered the IgG level in serum. The data in a macrophage infection model indicate that TNF-alpha was partial involved in this alleviative effects, other mechanisms might be involved. In sum, these novel findings suggest that PM, CP, and LAB probiotics are potential anti-Salmonellae agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chin Yin
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hung Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Hsian Su
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Bi Yu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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18
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Zhu G, Feng F. Non-targeted metabolite profiling and specific targeted discrimination strategy for quality evaluation of Cortex Phellodendri from different varieties. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22086-22094. [PMID: 35541721 PMCID: PMC9081087 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03369b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortex Phellodendri is derived from two species of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. and Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Traditionally, the two species are utilized interchangeably under the name of “huangbo” in the clinic because they are believed to share the same clinical efficacy. However, the chemical analysis in vitro couldn't directly reflect the pharmacological effects. Therefore, whether the constituents could be absorbed into the blood becomes the uppermost problem to account for the clinical efficacy differences of the two species. Therefore, a rapid and sensitive approach to differentiate the two species of Cortex Phellodendri based on non-targeted metabolite profiling and the specific targeted discrimination strategy was first established. Samples from different cultivars were clearly discriminated by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. 17 prototype compounds and 22 metabolites contributing to the group separation were identified and tentatively characterized, three of which were found for the first time. Moreover, six of them were screened out as the chemical markers which contribute most to the differences between the two species. Taken together, the application of the non-targeted metabolite profiling and specific targeted discrimination strategy is suitable for the assessment of Cortex Phellodendri. Non-targeted metabolite profiling and specific targeted discrimination strategy coupled with pattern recognition to differentiate the two varieties in rats.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxue Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Fang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)
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Wang K, Feng X, Chai L, Cao S, Qiu F. The metabolism of berberine and its contribution to the pharmacological effects. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:139-157. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1306544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xinchi Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Chai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
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Demethyleneberberine alleviates inflammatory bowel disease in mice through regulating NF-κB signaling and T-helper cell homeostasis. Inflamm Res 2016; 66:187-196. [PMID: 27900412 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-1005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The activation of NF-κB signaling and unbalance of T-helper (Th) cells have been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of colitis. Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC) is commonly used to treat inflammation and diarrhea. Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of CPC, was reported to treat alcoholic liver disease as a novel natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant in our previous study. In this study, we investigated whether DMB could protect against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory colitis in mice by regulation of NF-κB pathway and Th cells homeostatis. METHODS Inflammatory colitis mice were induced by 3% DSS, and DMB were orally administered on the doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg. In vitro, DMB (10, 20, 40 μM) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 5 mM) were co-cultured with RAW264.7 for 2 h prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and splenocytes from the mice were cultured ex vivo for 48 h for immune response test. RESULTS In vivo, DMB significantly alleviated the weight loss and diminished myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, DMB decreased interferon (IFN)-γ, increased IL-4 concentration in the mice splenocytes and the ratio of IgG1/IgG2a in the serum. In vitro, ROS production and pro-inflammation cytokines were markedly inhibited by DMB in RAW264.7 cell. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that DMB alleviated mice colitis and inhibited the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells.
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Li Y, Liu XG, Wang HY, Dong X, Gao W, Xu XJ, Li P, Yang H. Pharmacokinetic studies of phellodendrine in rat plasma and tissues after intravenous administration using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1029-1030:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Sun H, Wang H, Zhang A, Yan G, Han Y, Li Y, Wu X, Meng X, Wang X. Chemical Discrimination of Cortex Phellodendri amurensis and Cortex Phellodendri chinensis by Multivariate Analysis Approach. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:41-9. [PMID: 27018001 PMCID: PMC4787336 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As herbal medicines have an important position in health care systems worldwide, their current assessment, and quality control are a major bottleneck. Cortex Phellodendri chinensis (CPC) and Cortex Phellodendri amurensis (CPA) are widely used in China, however, how to identify species of CPA and CPC has become urgent. Materials and Methods: In this study, multivariate analysis approach was performed to the investigation of chemical discrimination of CPA and CPC. Results: Principal component analysis showed that two herbs could be separated clearly. The chemical markers such as berberine, palmatine, phellodendrine, magnoflorine, obacunone, and obaculactone were identified through the orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis, and were identified tentatively by the accurate mass of quadruple-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A total of 29 components can be used as the chemical markers for discrimination of CPA and CPC. Of them, phellodenrine is significantly higher in CPC than that of CPA, whereas obacunone and obaculactone are significantly higher in CPA than that of CPC. Conclusion: The present study proves that multivariate analysis approach based chemical analysis greatly contributes to the investigation of CPA and CPC, and showed that the identified chemical markers as a whole should be used to discriminate the two herbal medicines, and simultaneously the results also provided chemical information for their quality assessment. SUMMARY Multivariate analysis approach was performed to the investigate the herbal medicine The chemical markers were identified through multivariate analysis approach A total of 29 components can be used as the chemical markers.
UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based multivariate analysis method for the herbal medicine samples Abbreviations used: CPC: Cortex Phellodendri chinensis, CPA: Cortex Phellodendri amurensis, PCA: Principal component analysis, OPLS-DA: Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, BPI: Base peaks ion intensity
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiuhong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiangcai Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics and Chinmedomics, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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Hwang SJ, Lee HJ. Phenyl-β-D-Glucopyranoside Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW 264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2016; 38:1071-9. [PMID: 25502067 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a component of Phellodendron amurense with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we investigated the role of phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside in inflammation using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine Raw 264.7 macrophages. Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside not only inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production but also significantly inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) without inducing cytotoxicity. Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside also attenuated proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and other inflammation-related genes, such as IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside abolished increased adhesion, ninjurin 1 (Ninj1) expression, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity induced by endotoxin treatment. Finally, phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which is one of the most important transcription factors involved in the inflammatory process. Taken together, phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases.
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Simultaneous determination of ten active constituents of Yankening Capsule in rat plasma by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 978-979:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Wang H, Sun H, Zhang A, Li Y, Wang L, Shi H, Dizou XL, Wang X. Rapid identification and comparative analysis of the chemical constituents and metabolites ofPhellodendri amurensiscortex and Zhibai dihuang pill by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole TOF-MS. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3874-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Hui Shi
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Xianna Li Dizou
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
| | - Xijun Wang
- College of Pharmacy; National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry; Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine; Harbin China
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Xian YF, Lin ZX, Ip SP, Su ZR, Chen JN, Lai XP. Comparison the neuropreotective effect of Cortex Phellodendri chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri amurensis against beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:187-193. [PMID: 23123224 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cortex Phellodendron chinensis (CPC) and Cortex Phellodendron amurensis (CPA) derived from the dried bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. or Phellodendron amurense Rupr., respectively, are used interchangeably in clinical practice under the name "Huang Bai" for centuries in Chinese medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions. Previous study in our laboratory demonstrated that CPC and CPA had different anti-diarrheal, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. In this present study, we aimed to compare the protective effect of ethanol extract of Cortex Phellodendri chinensis (ECPC) and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis (ECPA) against beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, a typical model of Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that ECPC and ECPA contain four common chemical markers such as berberine, but palmatine and jatrorrhizin were not found in CPC in contrast to the presence in CPA. In addition, both ECPC and ECPA can significantly increase the cell viability in Aβ-treated PC12 cells. Moreover, ECPC and ECPA can markedly elevate the ratio of the protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2/Bax, while remarkably decrease the release of cytochrome c, and the protein and mRNA expression of caspase-3. Interestingly, ECPA has better protective effect than ECPC against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. These results indicate that both ECPC and ECPA have potential protective effect against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, and ECPA is more potential of the two species to be used in traditional medicine as a neuroprotective agent for the treatment of AD. The neuroprotective effect of the two species may be mediated, at least in part, via suppressing of the cellular apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Wang H, Yan G, Zhang A, Li Y, Wang Y, Sun H, Wu X, Wang X. Rapid discovery and global characterization of chemical constituents and rats metabolites of Phellodendri amurensis cortex by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with pattern recognition approach. Analyst 2013; 138:3303-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Yu X, Tong Y, Kwok HF, Sze SCW, Zhong L, Lau CBS, Ge W. Anti-angiogenic activity of Erxian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in zebrafish. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:2119-27. [PMID: 23018578 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erxian Decoction (EXD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been used to treat menopausal symptoms and other aging diseases for several decades. Recently, our laboratory found that EXD could inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. This activity may be mediated by anti-angiogenic action. To investigate the anti-angiogenic activity of EXD, its inhibitory effect on blood vessel formation was evaluated using both wild type and transgenic zebrafish embryos with fluorescent vasculature in vivo. Both semi-quantitative and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were carried out to evaluate the effect of EXD on the expression of several genes closely associated with angiogenesis in zebrafish. EXD was found to inhibit vessel formation in zebrafish embryos in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it reduced the mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and the protein level of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in the embryos, suggesting the involvement of HIF-1 mediated VEGF-A signaling pathway in the anti-angiogenic action of EXD. The anti-angiogenic activity of EXD provides new insights to its clinical application and may in the future lead to the development of potential drugs for treating various cancers, especially in menopausal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Gu Y, Ni Y, Kokot S. Solid Phase Excitation–Emission Fluorescence Method for the Classification of Complex Substances: Cortex Phellodendri and Other Traditional Chinese Medicines as Examples. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:8949-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306051w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Gu
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yongnian Ni
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Serge Kokot
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001,
Australia
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Xian YF, Mao QQ, Ip SP, Lin ZX, Che CT. Comparison on the anti-inflammatory effect of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis in 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced ear edema in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1425-1430. [PMID: 21875660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cortex Phellodendri is derived from the dried bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. or Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Traditionally, Cortex Phellodendron Chinensis (CPC) and Cortex Phellodendron Amurensis (CPA) are used interchangeably under the name "Huang Bai" for the treatment of gastroenteritis, abdominal pain or diarrhea. The present study aims to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol extracts of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (ECPC) and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis (ECPA) in a mouse model of inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by measuring the ear thickness, activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the production reactive oxygen species (ROS). The anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored by determining the protein and mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. RESULTS The results showed that both ECPC and ECPA significantly decreased the ear thickness, MPO activity and the ROS level in mouse model of inflammation induced by TPA. In addition, ECPC and ECPA also remarkably inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2. Interestingly, ECPC has better anti-inflammatory effect than that of ECPA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that both ECPC and ECPA have potential anti-inflammatory effect on TPA-induced inflammatory in mice, and ECPC is more effective than ECPA. The anti-inflammatory effect of the herbal drugs may be mediated, at least in part, by down-regulating the mRNA expression of a panel of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
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Chen DP, Wong CK, Leung PC, Fung KP, Lau CBS, Lau CP, Li EKM, Tam LS, Lam CWK. Anti-inflammatory activities of Chinese herbal medicine sinomenine and Liang Miao San on tumor necrosis factor-α-activated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:457-68. [PMID: 21679760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Sinomenine, an alkaloid isolated from the root of Sinomenium acutum, has been used to alleviate the symptoms of rheumatic diseases. Liang Miao San (LMS), composed of the herbs Rhizoma Atractylodis (Cangzhu) and Cotex Phellodendri (Huangbai), is another traditional Chinese medicine formula for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the potential anti-inflammatory activities of sinomenine and LMS, the underlying intracellular mechanisms regulating the anti-inflammatory activities of sinomenine and LMS on human primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients and normal control subjects have not been elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of sinomenine and LMS on inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-mediated activation of human normal and RA-FLS. The underlying intracellular signaling molecules were analyzed quantitatively using flow cytometry. RESULTS Sinomenine was found to significantly inhibit TNF-α induced cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and release of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL8 from both normal and RA-FLS (all p<0.05). Moreover, the suppression of sinomenine on TNF-α induced VCAM-1 expression and IL-6 release of RA-FLS was significantly higher than that of normal FLS (p<0.05). LMS significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced inflammatory chemokines CXCL10 and CCL5 release from both normal and RA-FLS, with significantly higher suppression on CXCL10 secretion in RA-FLS than that of normal FLS (all p<0.05). Further investigations showed that sinomenine and LMS could significantly suppress TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of inhibitor κBα and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, the central signaling molecules mediating TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression and chemokine production. CONCLUSION Our results therefore provide a new insight into the differential anti-inflammatory activities of sinomenine and LMS through the suppression of TNF-α-activated FLS by modulating distinct intracellular signaling pathways in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Chen
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
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