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Yang H, Wang L, Chen H, Jiang M, Wu W, Liu S, Wang J, Liu C. Phylogenetic analysis and development of molecular markers for five medicinal Alpinia species based on complete plastome sequences. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:431. [PMID: 34551721 PMCID: PMC8456601 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpinia species are widely used as medicinal herbs. To understand the taxonomic classification and plastome evolution of the medicinal Alpinia species and correctly identify medicinal products derived from Alpinia species, we systematically analyzed the plastome sequences from five Alpinia species. Four of the Alpinia species: Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., Alpinia hainanensis K.Schum., Alpinia officinarum Hance, and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq., are listed in the Chinese pharmacopeia. The other one, Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) Burtt, is well known for its medicinal values. RESULTS The four Alpinia species: A. galanga, A. nigra, A. officinarum, and A. oxyphylla, were sequenced using the Next-generation sequencing technology. The plastomes were assembled using Novoplasty and annotated using CPGAVAS2. The sizes of the four plastomes range from 160,590 bp for A. galanga to 164,294 bp for A. nigra, and display a conserved quadripartite structure. Each of the plastomes encodes a total of 111 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding, 28 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. In addition, 293-296 SSRs were detected in the four plastomes, of which the majority are mononucleotides Adenine/Thymine and are found in the noncoding regions. The long repeat analysis shows all types of repeats are contained in the plastomes, of which palindromic repeats occur most frequently. The comparative genomic analyses revealed that the pair of the inverted repeats were less divergent than the single-copy region. Analysis of sequence divergence on protein-coding genes showed that two genes (accD and ycf1) had undergone positive selection. Phylogenetic analysis based on coding sequence of 77 shared plastome genes resolves the molecular phylogeny of 20 species from Zingiberaceae. In particular, molecular phylogeny of four sequenced Alpinia species (A. galanga, A. nigra, A. officinarum, and A. oxyphylla) based on the plastome and nuclear sequences showed congruency. Furthermore, a comparison of the four newly sequenced Alpinia plastomes and one previously reported Alpinia plastomes (accession number: NC_048461) reveals 59 highly divergent intergenic spacer regions. We developed and validated two molecular markers Alpp and Alpr, based on two regions: petN-psbM and psaJ-rpl33, respectively. The discrimination success rate was 100 % in validation experiments. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study will be invaluable for ensuring the effective and safe uses of Alpinia medicinal products and for the exploration of novel Alpinia species to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Shandong Province 274015 Heze, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haimei Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuwei Wu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, 530023 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Shengyu Liu
- Department of Medical Data Sharing, Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100020 Beijing, China
| | - Jiehua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Labdane-Type Diterpenes, Galangalditerpenes A-C, with Melanogenesis Inhibitory Activity from the Fruit of Alpinia galanga. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122279. [PMID: 29261124 PMCID: PMC6149739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In our continuing study of biologically active natural products from the fruit of Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae), we newly isolated three new labdane-type diterpenes, termed galangalditerpenes A–C (1–3), along with four known sesquiterpenes (4–7) and two diterpenes (8 and 9). The stereostructures of 1–3 were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic properties. The melanogenesis inhibitory activities in theophylline-stimulated murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells of these isolates, including the new diterpenes (1–3, IC50 = 4.4, 8.6, and 4.6 μM, respectively), were found to be more than 6–87-fold higher than that of arbutin (174 μM), a commercially available positive control.
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Han BX, Yuan Y, Huang LQ, Zhao Q, Tan LL, Song XW, He XM, Xu T, Liu F, Wang J. Specific PCR Identification between Peucedanum praeruptorum and Angelica decursiva and Identification between Them and Adulterant Using DNA Barcode. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:38-45. [PMID: 28216881 PMCID: PMC5307912 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.197658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Qianhu and Zihuaqianhu are the dried roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum and Angelica decursiva, respectively. Since the plant sources of Qianhu and Zihuaqianhu are more complex, the chemical compositions of P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva are significantly different, and many adulterants exist because of the differences in traditional understanding and medication habits. Therefore, the rapid and accurate identification methods are required. Objective: The aim was to study the feasibility of using DNA barcoding to distinguish between Traditional Chinese medicine Qianhu (Peucedanum praeruptorum), Zihuaqianhu (Angelica decursiva), and common adulterants, based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, as well as specific PCR identification between P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva. Materials and Methods: The ITS sequences of P. praeruptorum, A. decursiva, and adulterant were studied, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Based on the ITS barcode, the specific PCR primer pairs QH-CP19s/QH-CP19a and ZHQH-CP3s/ZHQH-CP3a were designed for P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva, respectively. The amplification conditions were optimized, and specific PCR products were obtained. Results: The results showed that the phylogenetic trees constructed using the BI and MP methods were consistent, and P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva sequence haplotypes formed their own monophyly. The experimental results showed that in PCR products, the target bands appeared in the genuine drug and not in the adulterant, which suggests the high specificity of the two primer pairs. Conclusion: The ITS sequence was ideal DNA barcode to identify P. praeruptorum, A. decursiva, and adulterant. The specific PCR is a quick and effective method to distinguish between P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva. SUMMARY Peucedanum praeruptorum and Angelica decursiva sequence haplotypes formed their own monophyly. The ITS sequence was ideal DNA barcode to identify P. praeruptorum, A. decursiva, and adulterant. Specific PCR is a quick and effective method to distinguish between P. praeruptorum and A. decursiva.
Abbreviations used: TCM: The traditional Chinese medicine, P.: Peucedanum, A.: Angelica, ITS: The internal transcribed spacer, PCR: Polymerase chain reaction, NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information, NI: Number of individuals, HN: Haplotype number; GAN: Gen Bank accession numbers, L.: Ligusticum, O.: Ostericum, A.: Angelica, P.: Pimpinella, BI: Bayesian inference, MP: Maximum parsimony, AIC: Akaike Information Criterion, MCMC: Markov Chains Monte Carlo, TBR: Tree bisection-reconnection, LPP: Length of PCR product, PRP: PCR reaction procedure, SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphisms, PP: Posterior probability, BS: Bootstrap.Qun Zhao
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Xing Han
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui Province, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui Province, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Tan
- School of life science, Qingdao agricultural university, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Song
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiao-Mei He
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui Province, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:6215-6224. [PMID: 27756508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An aqueous acetone extract from the fruit of Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae) demonstrated inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells (IC50=7.3μg/mL). Through bioassay-guided separation of the extract, a new 7-O-9'-linked neolignan, named galanganol D diacetate (1), was isolated along with 16 known compounds including 14 phenylpropanoids (2-15). The structure of 1, including its absolute stereochemistry in the C-7 position, was elucidated by means of extensive NMR analysis and total synthesis. Among the isolates, 1 (IC50=2.5μM), 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (2, 5.0μM), and 1'S-1'-acetoxyeugenol acetate (3, 5.6μM) exhibited a relatively potent inhibitory effect without notable cytotoxicity at effective concentrations. The following structural requirements were suggested to enhance the inhibitory activity of phenylpropanoids on melanogenesis: (i) compounds with 4-acetoxy group exhibit higher activity than those with 4-hydroxy group; (ii) 3-methoxy group dose not affect the activity; (iii) acetylation of the 1'-hydroxy moiety enhances the activity; and (iv) phenylpropanoid dimers with the 7-O-9'-linked neolignan skeleton exhibited higher activity than those with the corresponding monomer. Their respective enantiomers [1' (IC50=1.9μM) and 2' (4.5μM)] and racemic mixtures [(±)-1 (2.2μM) and (±)-2 (4.4μM)] were found to exhibit melanogenesis inhibitory activities equivalent to those of the naturally occurring optical active compounds (1 and 2). Furthermore, the active compounds 1-3 inhibited tyrosinase, tyrosine-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 mRNA expressions, which could be the mechanism of melanogenesis inhibitory activity.
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Mishra P, Kumar A, Nagireddy A, Mani DN, Shukla AK, Tiwari R, Sundaresan V. DNA barcoding: an efficient tool to overcome authentication challenges in the herbal market. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:8-21. [PMID: 26079154 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The past couple of decades have witnessed global resurgence of herbal-based health care. As a result, the trade of raw drugs has surged globally. Accurate and fast scientific identification of the plant(s) is the key to success for the herbal drug industry. The conventional approach is to engage an expert taxonomist, who uses a mix of traditional and modern techniques for precise plant identification. However, for bulk identification at industrial scale, the process is protracted and time-consuming. DNA barcoding, on the other hand, offers an alternative and feasible taxonomic tool box for rapid and robust species identification. For the success of DNA barcode, the barcode loci must have sufficient information to differentiate unambiguously between closely related plant species and discover new cryptic species. For herbal plant identification, matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA, ITS, trnL-F, 5S-rRNA and 18S-rRNA have been used as successful DNA barcodes. Emerging advances in DNA barcoding coupled with next-generation sequencing and high-resolution melting curve analysis have paved the way for successful species-level resolution recovered from finished herbal products. Further, development of multilocus strategy and its application has provided new vistas to the DNA barcode-based plant identification for herbal drug industry. For successful and acceptable identification of herbal ingredients and a holistic quality control of the drug, DNA barcoding needs to work harmoniously with other components of the systems biology approach. We suggest that for effectively resolving authentication challenges associated with the herbal market, DNA barcoding must be used in conjunction with metabolomics along with need-based transcriptomics and proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mishra
- Department of Biology & Systematics, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biology & Systematics, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshitha Nagireddy
- Department of Biology & Systematics, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Daya N Mani
- Herbal Medicinal Products Department, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh K Shukla
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Tiwari
- Publication Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Velusamy Sundaresan
- Department of Biology & Systematics, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Ajmal Ali M, Gyulai G, Hidvégi N, Kerti B, Al Hemaid FM, Pandey AK, Lee J. The changing epitome of species identification - DNA barcoding. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:204-31. [PMID: 24955007 PMCID: PMC4061418 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The discipline taxonomy (the science of naming and classifying organisms, the original bioinformatics and a basis for all biology) is fundamentally important in ensuring the quality of life of future human generation on the earth; yet over the past few decades, the teaching and research funding in taxonomy have declined because of its classical way of practice which lead the discipline many a times to a subject of opinion, and this ultimately gave birth to several problems and challenges, and therefore the taxonomist became an endangered race in the era of genomics. Now taxonomy suddenly became fashionable again due to revolutionary approaches in taxonomy called DNA barcoding (a novel technology to provide rapid, accurate, and automated species identifications using short orthologous DNA sequences). In DNA barcoding, complete data set can be obtained from a single specimen irrespective to morphological or life stage characters. The core idea of DNA barcoding is based on the fact that the highly conserved stretches of DNA, either coding or non coding regions, vary at very minor degree during the evolution within the species. Sequences suggested to be useful in DNA barcoding include cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA (e.g. cox1) and chloroplast DNA (e.g. rbcL, trnL-F, matK, ndhF, and atpB rbcL), and nuclear DNA (ITS, and house keeping genes e.g. gapdh). The plant DNA barcoding is now transitioning the epitome of species identification; and thus, ultimately helping in the molecularization of taxonomy, a need of the hour. The 'DNA barcodes' show promise in providing a practical, standardized, species-level identification tool that can be used for biodiversity assessment, life history and ecological studies, forensic analysis, and many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gábor Gyulai
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. István University, Gödöllo H-2103, Hungary
| | - Norbert Hidvégi
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. István University, Gödöllo H-2103, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kerti
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. István University, Gödöllo H-2103, Hungary
| | - Fahad M.A. Al Hemaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun K. Pandey
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Joongku Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305 806, South Korea
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Guan S, Fang B, Song B, Xiong Y, Lu J. Immunosuppressive activity of alpinetin on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:290-6. [PMID: 24964870 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.932798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Alpinetin, a flavonoid compound extracted from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been known to possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other important therapeutic activities. In the current study, we investigated alpinetin for its immunosuppressive effect on activation and cytokines secretion of murine T lymphocytes. The data showed that alpinetin markedly suppressed ConA-induced murine splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokines production, CD4(+) T-cell populations and ratio of CD4(+)/CD8(+). This inspired us to further study the effects of alpinetin in vivo. The results showed that administration of alpinetin suppressed T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice. In addition, we studied signal transduction pathways about T-cell activation on puried murine T lymphocytes by Western-blot assay. The data revealed that alpinetin could shock the activation of NF-κB, NFAT2 signal transduction pathways. These observations indicated that alpinetin have potential effects in downregulating the immune system and might be developed as a useful immunosuppressive agent in treating undesired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine and
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Zheng Z, Han J, Pang W, Hu J. G-quadruplex DNAzyme molecular beacon for amplified colorimetric biosensing of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. SENSORS 2013; 13:1064-75. [PMID: 23325167 PMCID: PMC3574721 DOI: 10.3390/s130101064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With an internal transcribed spacer of 18 S, 5.8 S and 26 S nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA ITS) as DNA marker, we report a colorimetric approach for authentication of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (PH) and its counterfeit species based on the differentiation of the nrDNA ITS sequence. The assay possesses an unlabelled G-quadruplex DNAzyme molecular beacon (MB) probe, employing complementary sequence as biorecognition element and 1:1:1:1 split G-quadruplex halves as reporter. In the absence of target DNA (T-DNA), the probe can shape intermolecular G-quadruplex structures capable of binding hemin to form G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme and catalyze the oxidation of ABTS2− to blue-green ABTS•− by H2O2. In the presence of T-DNA, T-DNA can hybridize with the complementary sequence to form a duplex structure, hindering the formation of the G-quadruplex structure and resulting in the loss of the catalytic activity. Consequently, a UV-Vis absorption signal decrease is observed in the ABTS2−-H2O2 system. The “turn-off” assay allows the detection of T-DNA from 1.0 × 10−9 to 3.0 × 10−7 mol·L−1 (R2 = 0.9906), with a low detection limit of 3.1 × 10−10 mol·L−1. The present study provides a sensitive and selective method and may serve as a foundation of utilizing the DNAzyme MB sensor for identifying traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Zheng
- Institute of Drug Research, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China; E-Mails: (Z.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Drug Research, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China; E-Mails: (Z.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Wensheng Pang
- The College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; E-Mail: (W.P.)
- The Second People's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Drug Research, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China; E-Mails: (Z.Z.); (J.H.)
- The College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; E-Mail: (W.P.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-591-8357-0397
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Huo M, Chen N, Chi G, Yuan X, Guan S, Li H, Zhong W, Guo W, Soromou LW, Gao R, Ouyang H, Deng X, Feng H. Traditional medicine alpinetin inhibits the inflammatory response in Raw 264.7 cells and mouse models. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 12:241-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hsu HF, Huang KH, Lu KJ, Chiou SJ, Yen JH, Chang CC, Houng JY. Typhonium blumei extract inhibits proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 135:492-500. [PMID: 21470575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Typhonium blumei Nicolson & Sivadasan is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb endowing with detumescence, detoxification, anti-inflammation activities, and has been used as a folk prescription on anticancer in Taiwan. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Typhonium blumei (Tb) extract on the viability of different cancer cells and the apoptotic effect of this extract on A549 lung cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human A549 cell line and other cancer cell lines were treated with different concentrations of Tb extract at different time intervals. Growth inhibition was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by cell morphologic observation, cell cycle analysis, and immunoblot analysis on the expression of protein associated with cell death. GC-MS were used to determine the chemical constituents of this extract. RESULTS The Tb extract had cytotoxicity toward A549 lung cancer cells (IC(50)=97.7 μg/ml), LNCaP prostate cancer cells (IC(50)=124.5 μg/ml) and MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC(50)=125.8 μg/ml). Conversely, the adverse effects of Tb extract on normal embryonic lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells (IC(50)=245.5 μg/ml) and embryonic kidney fibroblast HEK293 cells (IC(50)=251.1 μg/ml) were comparatively low. Cytometric analysis results demonstrate that A549 cells were arrested at the G2/M phase by treatment with Tb extract. The extract induced A549 cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway by down-regulating Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL protein expression, up-regulating Bax, Bad and Bak protein expression, and activating caspase-9 and caspase-3. Experimental results of bioactive compound analysis indicate that dibutyl phthalate, α-linolenic acid, phytol, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were the major bioactive ingredients of Tb extract. Although all these compounds had good anti-proliferative effects on A549 cells, campesterol (IC(50)=2.2 μM for 24h treatment) and β-sitosterol (IC(50)=1.9 μM for 24h treatment) displayed the greatest inhibitory activity. CONCLUSIONS Experimental results of this study suggest that the Tb extract exerts potential anticancer activity through the growth inhibition and the apoptosis on A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsia-Fen Hsu
- Department of Medical Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Zhang W, Ding X, Xie M, Feng Z, Lu S, Li X, Zhang F, Ding G. Authentication of three valuable Dendrobium species by adapter ligation-mediated allele-specific amplification. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-009-1019-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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