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Haq SM, Khoja AA, Waheed M, Pieroni A, Siddiqui MH, Bussmann RW. Plant cultural indicators of forest resources from the Himalayan high mountains: implications for improving agricultural resilience, subsistence, and forest restoration. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2024; 20:44. [PMID: 38659048 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM Biocultural legacy practices are intricately tied to forestry resources, ethnic identity, and social cohesiveness. This study aims to determine the plant cultural values of forest resources and identify plant cultural indicators in each ethnic group, which can aid in long-term natural resource management plans in the current debate on socio-environmental and ecological transitions. METHODS Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations were employed to collect data for a comprehensive and systematic ethnobotanical survey from February 2018 to October 2022. RESULTS A total of 330 informants reported 154 plant species from 65 families. Asteraceae was the most prominent botanical family, with herbaceous plant groups outnumbering trees and shrubs. The Gujjar and Pahari groups exhibited the highest level of overlap, followed by significant overlaps between the Gujjar and Kashmiri communities. The close affinity observed between the Gujjar and Pahari groups suggests the horizontal pattern of local plant knowledge between these communities, influenced by their sociocultural interactions and intermarriages. Notably, the Pahari community displayed a rich understanding of medicinal plants and shared unique uses for the reported taxa. This study affirms that both ecological factors and sociocultural influences have played significant roles in shaping local plant knowledge. A total of 31 plant species have been identified as plant cultural markers among all four ethnic groups. We observed a positive correlation between plant cultural values and plant use with the Gujjar and Kashmiri ethnic groups. Artemisia absinthium reported the highest use value of (0.57) with use reports of (189). Adonis aestivalis, Cynoglossum nervosum, Geum elatum, Geranium himalayense, Juncus inflexus, Oxalis acetosella, Polygonatum biflorum, and Salvia hians from the Himalayan region are among the plant taxa whose ethnomedicinal applications are described here for the first time. CONCLUSION Our data show that local and indigenous forest knowledge and practices could significantly contribute to forest conservation and ecological transition. This may happen if stakeholders generate clear frameworks and biocultural conservation strategies aimed at both dynamically preserve natural habitats and ways of traditional management of local natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiekh Marifatul Haq
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | - Muhammad Waheed
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences of Pollenzo, Piazza V. Emanuele II 9, Pollenzo, 12042, Bra, Italy
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer W Bussmann
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Botany, Institute of Life Sciences, State Museum of Natural History, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Hou D, Lin H, Feng Y, Zhou K, Li X, Yang Y, Wang S, Yang X, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang X, Fan J, Lu S, Wang D, Zhu L, Ju D, Chen YZ, Zeng X. CMAUP database update 2024: extended functional and association information of useful plants for biomedical research. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1508-D1518. [PMID: 37897343 PMCID: PMC10767869 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the collective activities of individual plants together with the derived clinical effects and targeted disease associations is useful for plant-based biomedical research. To provide the information in complement to the established databases, we introduced a major update of CMAUP database, previously featured in NAR. This update includes (i) human transcriptomic changes overlapping with 1152 targets of 5765 individual plants, covering 74 diseases from 20 027 patient samples; (ii) clinical information for 185 individual plants in 691 clinical trials; (iii) drug development information for 4694 drug-producing plants with metabolites developed into approved or clinical trial drugs; (iv) plant and human disease associations (428 737 associations by target, 220 935 reversion of transcriptomic changes, 764 and 154121 associations by clinical trials of individual plants and plant ingredients); (v) the location of individual plants in the phylogenetic tree for navigating taxonomic neighbors, (vi) DNA barcodes of 3949 plants, (vii) predicted human oral bioavailability of plant ingredients by the established SwissADME and HobPre algorithm, (viii) 21-107% increase of CMAUP data over the previous version to cover 60 222 chemical ingredients, 7865 plants, 758 targets, 1399 diseases, 238 KEGG human pathways, 3013 gene ontologies and 1203 disease ontologies. CMAUP update version is freely accessible at https://bidd.group/CMAUP/index.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Hou
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanbo Lin
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuhan Feng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhou
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xingxiu Li
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuaiqi Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - SongLin Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lyuhan Zhu
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Zong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
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Dai W, Feng K, Sun X, Xu L, Wu S, Rahmand K, Jia D, Han T. Natural products for the treatment of stress-induced depression: Pharmacology, mechanism and traditional use. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114692. [PMID: 34742864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Depression, one of the most common psychiatric disorders, is the fourth leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. A series of causes triggered depression, including psychological stress and conflict, as well as biological derangement, among which stress has a pivotal role in the development of depression. Traditional herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of various disorders including depression for a long history with multi-targets, multi-levels and multi-ways, attracting great attention from scholars. Recently, natural products have been commercialized as antidepressants which have become increasingly popular in the world health drug markets. Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated and updated vast amount of data associated with natural products in antidepressant-like activity. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review aims to briefly discuss the pathological mechanism, animal models of stress-induced depression, traditional use of herbal medicines and especially recapitulate the natural products with antidepressant activity and their pharmacological functions and mechanism of action, which may contribute to a better understanding of potential therapeutic effects of natural products and the development of promising drugs with high efficacy and low toxicity for the treatment of stress-induced depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS The contents of this review were sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Sci Finder, Web of Science, Science Direct, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Chinese Knowledge On frastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, Chinese Scientific and Technological Periodical Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM). Additional information was collected from Yao Zhi website (https://db.yaozh.com/). Data were obtained from April 1992 to June 2021. Only English language was applied to the search. The search terms were 'stress-induced depression', 'pathological mechanism' in the title and 'stress', 'depression', 'animal model' and 'natural products' in the whole text. RESULTS Stress-induced depression is related to the monoaminergic system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, neuronal plasticity and a series of inflammatory factors. Four main types of animal models of stress-induced depression were represented. Fifty-eight bioactive phytochemical compounds, fifty-six herb medicines and five formulas from traditional Chinese medicine were highlighted, which exert antidepressant effects by inhibiting monoamine oxidase (MAO) reaction, alleviating dysfunction of the HPA axis and nerve injury, and possessing anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSIONS Natural products provide a large number of compounds with antidepressant-like effects, and their therapeutic impacts has been highlighted for a long time. This review summarized the pathological mechanism and animal models of stress-induced depression, and the natural products with antidepressant activity in particular, which will shed light on the action mechanism and clinical potential of these compounds. Natural products also have been a vital and promising source for future antidepressant drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kunmiao Feng
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lingchuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Sijia Wu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Khalid Rahmand
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Dan Jia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Aldayarov N, Tulobaev A, Salykov R, Jumabekova J, Kydyralieva B, Omurzakova N, Kurmanbekova G, Imanberdieva N, Usubaliev B, Borkoev B, Salieva K, Salieva Z, Omurzakov T, Chekirov K. An ethnoveterinary study of wild medicinal plants used by the Kyrgyz farmers. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114842. [PMID: 34798160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In their centuries-old nomadic life, since their livestock was the backbone of their lives, the Kyrgyz people used a variety of wild medicinal plants for ethnoveterinary practices. However, the plants used for the treatment of livestock ailments never have been recorded, except rarely in local publications. In this study, we present the HSHR (homemade single species herbal remedy reports), their methods of preparation and application, and the livestock ailments for which these remedies were used. AIMS The collect data from the five different high-altitude valleys of the Kyrgyz Republic on common HSHR used for the treatment of the livestock ailments and describe their preparation procedure, administration, and target animal species. MATERIALS AND METHODS The plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use were collected from five different high-altitude valleys (pastures) in the Kyrgyz Republic during 2016 and 2018. Data were gathered with the help of dialog partners (experienced local shepherds, farmers and veterinarians) through semi-structured interviews. In total, 166 dialog partners were interviewed. The special characteristics of HSHR mentioned for ethnoveterinary use and practices were documented. Plant samples and voucher specimens were collected for taxonomic identification, and preserved for future reference. RESULTS A total of 2388 HSHR referred to 66 plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use belonging to 27 families and 49 genera. According to the data, species of the family Asteraceae were most frequently used HSHRs in the Kyrgyz ethnoveterinary practice (599 HSHR, 25%), followed by Polygonaceae (166 HSHR, 7%), Lamiaceae (141 HSHR, 6%), Ranunculaceae (121 HSHR, 5%), Nitrariaceae (119 HSHR, 4.9%), Apiaceae (113 HSHR, 4.7%), Cupressaceae (111 HSHR, 4.6%), Urticaceae (100 HSHR, 4.2%), Gentianaceae (92 HSHR, 3.8%), Amaranthaceae (87 HSHR, 3.6%). A total of 2785 UR (use reports) were collected for the 2388 HSHR. Infection diseases (572 UR, 20.5%), parasitic diseases (531 UR, 19%), gastrointestinal disorders (523 UR, 18.77%) and wounds (522 UR, 18.74%) were almost evenly reported indications. The largest number use reports (UR) were for cattle (967 UR, 34.7%) and horses (919 UR, 33%), followed by 607 UR (21.8%) for sheep and 292 UR (10.48%) for other domestic animals, including dogs (106 UR, 3.8%), goats (103 UR, 3.69%) and donkeys (83 UR, 2.98%). CONCLUSION In this study, we identified the folk ethnoveterinary knowledge of the HSHR used by the Kyrgyz farmers in their daily veterinary practice. All the characterized HSHR are of value to the local animal breeders. This knowledge has previously been limited to local shepherds, farmers and vets. Many of these need scientific confirmation using modern methods of phytochemistry and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbek Aldayarov
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic.
| | - Askarbek Tulobaev
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Ruslan Salykov
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Jarkynai Jumabekova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Bermet Kydyralieva
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Nurjamal Omurzakova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Gulbubu Kurmanbekova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Nazgul Imanberdieva
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Birzhan Usubaliev
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Bakyt Borkoev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Kalipa Salieva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Ziyadat Salieva
- Department of Food Production, Faculty of Technology, Kyrgyz State Technical I. Razzakov University, Bishkek, 720044, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Talaibek Omurzakov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Kyrgyz State I. Arabaev University, Bishkek, 720026, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Kadyrbai Chekirov
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, 720042, Kyrgyz Republic.
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Ayeni EA, Gong Y, Yuan H, Hu Y, Bai X, Liao X. Medicinal Plants for Anti-neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114468. [PMID: 34390796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Neurodegenerative diseases are neuronal diseases that affect the brain components by degenerating the structure and function of the central or peripheral nervous system progressively. It is a leading cause of death and affects huge amount of people worldwide. Plant-based medicines have been utilised in the therapies for many illnesses that have defied western treatments, including neurodegenerative diseases. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review presents an overview of the major neurodegenerative diseases and reported prominent medicinal plants used in managing those diseases in West Africa. METHODS Scientific articles regarding medicinal plants and their usefulness in managing neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa were pooled from different scientific databases. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to filter articles based on their relevance. Pharmacological activity, plant parts used, experimental models, and some isolated chemical compounds of those plants were summarised. RESULTS In the West Africa region, Fabaceae (19%) and Solanaceae (13%) have the highest representation of plant families used to treat neurological diseases, while Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae have also been utilised. Flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, coumarins present in those plants and their derivatives are reported to possess neuro-protective effects. Biochemical enzymes correlating to antioxidants, anti-inflammatory effects are the potential targets against neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSION Medicinal plants for anti-neurodegenerative diseases in West Africa have been documented with their neuropharmacological activities. Plant families such as Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae could be a major natural source for discovery of anti-neurodegenerative drugs, thus the metabolites from them should be given priority for neurological research. This review will provide clues for further investigations on the screening and development of anti-neurodegenerative natural products from West African medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ayodeji Ayeni
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuzhou Gong
- Shanghai Natural History Museum, Branch of Shanghai Science & Technology Museum, Shanghai, 200041, China; School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yikao Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Bai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xun Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Mahajan DR, Tatiya AU, Girase MV, Patil CR, Jamkhande PG, Surana SJ, Kalaskar MG. Phytochemical and pharmacological validation of folklore medicine practiced in south-western Satpuda Ranges (India) for management of inflammatory conditions. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114813. [PMID: 34752898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ethnobotanical survey of the South-western Satpuda ranges has continued for decades. However, very few disease-specific surveys and their pharmacological validation have been published. The present study aimed to identify, document, and pharmacologically validate the tribal knowledge on anti-inflammatory medicinal plants. METHODS The field survey was conducted over a year from July 2015 to June 2016, scattered in the South-Western region of Satpuda Ranges. Documentation and identification of the medicinal herbs used often in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Two plants, namely Eulophia herbacea Lindl., and Grewia flavescens A. Juss. were commonly used for inflammatory conditions. Phytopharmacological validation was done using carrageenan induced inflammation and CFA-induced arthritis. RESULTS The current investigation identified 32 plants from 22 different families as anti-inflammatory plants. G. flavescens exhibited substantial antiarthritic action in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, and E. herbacea showed powerful anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. This activity might be attributed to the presence of gallic acid, quercetin, β-sitosterol and lupeol. CONCLUSION The research reveals that selected plants had anti-inflammatory properties in both acute and chronic inflammation. Further studies to highlight the exact mechanism of action of these plants are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanraj R Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Anilkumar U Tatiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Manoj V Girase
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Chandragauda R Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Prasad G Jamkhande
- Centre for Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanded Pharmacy College, Nanded, Maharashtra, 431606, India
| | - Sanjay J Surana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Mohan G Kalaskar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, 425405, India.
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Kurskaya O, Prokopyeva E, Bi H, Sobolev I, Murashkina T, Shestopalov A, Wei L, Sharshov K. Anti-Influenza Activity of Medicinal Material Extracts from Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020360. [PMID: 35215953 PMCID: PMC8878895 DOI: 10.3390/v14020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To discover sources for novel anti-influenza drugs, we evaluated the antiviral potential of nine extracts from eight medicinal plants and one mushroom (Avena sativa L., Hordeum vulgare Linn. var. nudum Hook. f., Hippophae rhamnoides Linn., Lycium ruthenicum Murr., Nitraria tangutorum Bobr., Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. by-products, Potentilla anserina L., Cladina rangiferina (L.) Nyl., and Armillaria luteo-virens) from the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau against the influenza A/H3N2 virus. Concentrations lower than 125 μg/mL of all extracts demonstrated no significant toxicity in MDCK cells. During screening, seven extracts (A. sativa, H. vulgare, H. rhamnoides, L. ruthenicum, N. tangutorum, C. rangiferina, and A. luteo-virens) exhibited antiviral activity, especially the water-soluble polysaccharide from the fruit body of the mushroom A. luteo-virens. These extracts significantly reduced the infectivity of the human influenza A/H3N2 virus in vitro when used at concentrations of 15.6–125 μg/mL. Two extracts (N. tangutorum by-products and P. anserina) had no A/H3N2 virus inhibitory activity. Notably, the extract obtained from the fruits of N. tangutorum and N. tangutorum by-products exhibited different anti-influenza effects. The results suggest that extracts of A. sativa, H. vulgare, H. rhamnoides, L. ruthenicum, N. tangutorum, C. rangiferina, and A. luteo-virens contain substances with antiviral activity, and may be promising sources of new antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kurskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Elena Prokopyeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
- Medical Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Ivan Sobolev
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Tatyana Murashkina
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Alexander Shestopalov
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Lixin Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China;
| | - Kirill Sharshov
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (I.S.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (K.S.)
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Zaman W, Ye J, Saqib S, Liu Y, Shan Z, Hao D, Chen Z, Xiao P. Predicting potential medicinal plants with phylogenetic topology: Inspiration from the research of traditional Chinese medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 281:114515. [PMID: 34388416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants are a dominant source of pharmacological drugs for the treatment and cure of different disorders and diseases. However, selecting the most biologically active plant species for further screening is still challenging. Phylogeny has strong explanatory powers and provides predictive perspectives that are not available in traditional plant classifications. China, which is endowed with a diverse set of therapeutic cures from Mother Nature, represents an ideal environment for the phylogenetic analysis of potential medicinal plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, we prepared a database of 7,451 traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plants, including species with therapeutic effects grouped in 14 categories. To limit our exploration of novel therapeutic species, we plotted the medicinal effects on the phylogenetic tree of almost 30,000 species of China to find hot nodes of therapeutic effects. We used the net relatedness index (NRI) and the nearest taxon index (NTI) to identify clustering and overdispersion of the phylogenetic distribution of TCM plants. RESULTS The NRI and NTI analyses highlighted 3,392 hot node species with single therapeutic effects within 507 genera and 89 families on the phylogenetic tree and about 70% of the 14 medicinal categories clusters identified. The general pattern of the hot nodes on the phylogenetic tree indicates that basal angiosperms and basal eudicots radiated for therapeutic effects. CONCLUSIONS Our study may provide a more targeted way to discover phylogeny-guided drugs in the early screening stage, which may lead to a higher discovery efficiency of new drugs with meaningful biological activities. Phylogenetic studies of plants that are richer in bioactive compounds can set the ground for the identification and discovery of alternative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Zaman
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jianfei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
| | - Saddam Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Zhangjian Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Dacheng Hao
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, 116028, China.
| | - Zhiduan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Khatib C, Nattouf A, Hasan Agha MI. Traditional medicines and their common uses in central region of Syria: Hama and Homs - an ethnomedicinal survey. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:778-788. [PMID: 34165371 PMCID: PMC8231352 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1936078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Since ancient times, traditional Arabic medicine (TAM) has been used to treat various diseases in Syria. They are cost-effective with fewer side effects and are more suitable for long-term use compared with chemically synthesized medicines. In addition, the scientific importance is manifested, as this survey proceeds, for the purposes of verifying and documenting these traditional medicines and their common uses. OBJECTIVE We conducted ethnobotanical and ethnomedicine research on plants traditionally used to treat various diseases in central region of Syria. METHODS Information was collected from 2019 to 2021 from the cities of Homs and Hama and their villages, which are two governorates located in central Syria, after interviews with traditional practitioners called Attarin, and many other people. Plant specimens were collected according to different references concerning medicinal plants of Syria, to document the traditional uses of plants at least two of the traditional healers and three other people were asked. RESULTS In this survey, we listed 76 medicinal plants belonging to 39 families in alphabetical order with the parts used and the method of preparation according to their therapeutic use, which are used to treat 106 ailments. CONCLUSIONS Many of the uses of medicinal plants mentioned in this survey are still under study. There is no doubt that this study will provide new data that could contribute to further pharmacological discoveries by identifying the active ingredients and their mechanism of effect by doing additional pharmacological work to confirm the alleged biological activities of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadi Khatib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Abdulhakim Nattouf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
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More GK, Meddows-Taylor S, Prinsloo G. Metabolomic Profiling of Antioxidant Compounds in Five Vachellia Species. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206214. [PMID: 34684798 PMCID: PMC8539452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Vachellia, previously known as Acacia, belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Leguminosae, which are flowering plants, commonly known as thorn trees. They are traditionally used medicinally in various countries including South Africa for the treatment of ailments such as fever, sore throat, Tuberculosis, convulsions and as sedatives. The aim of this study was to determine biochemical variations in five Vachellia species and correlate their metabolite profiles to antioxidant activity using a chemometric approach. The antioxidant activity of five Vachellia aqueous-methanolic extracts were analyzed using three methods: 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) analysis and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay by means of serial dilution and bioautography with the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method. Amongst the Vachellia extracts tested, V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrated the highest DPPH, ABTS+ and FRAP inhibitory activity. The antioxidant activities of DPPH were higher than those obtained by ABTS+, although these values varied among the Vachellia species. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), coupled with multivariate statistical modeling tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were performed to profile metabolites responsible for the observed activity. The OPLS-DA categorized the five Vachellia species, separating them into two groups, with V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrating significantly higher radical scavenging activity than V. tortilis and V. sieberiana, which clustered together to form another group with lower radical scavenging activity. Annotation of metabolites was carried out using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS), and it tentatively identified 23 metabolites of significance, including epigallocatechin (m/z = 305.0659), methyl gallate (m/z = 183.0294) and quercetin (m/z = 301.0358), amongst others. These results elucidated the metabolites that separated the Vachellia species from each other and demonstrated their possible free radical scavenging activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garland Kgosi More
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Laboratories, University of South Africa, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Stephen Meddows-Taylor
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa;
| | - Gerhard Prinsloo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa;
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Adeyemi OO, Alabi AS, Adeyemi OA, Talabi OT, Abidakun OM, Joel IY, Stonehouse NJ. Acute gastroenteritis and the usage pattern of antibiotics and traditional herbal medications for its management in a Nigerian community. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257837. [PMID: 34607333 PMCID: PMC8490005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is the highest cause of mortality worldwide in children under the age of 5 years, with the highest mortalities occurring in low-to-middle income countries. Treatment can involve use of unregulated herbal medication and antibiotics. A cross sectional study was carried out to investigate the use of antibiotics and traditional herbal medications in the management of AGE among Yòrùbá-speaking communities in Kwara State, Nigeria. Our findings suggest habitual use of antibiotics (54.6%) and herbal medication (42.5%) in the management of AGE with high levels of self-prescription of antibiotics (21.7%) and herbal medications (36.2%) within the community. Ethanolic extracts of selected herbal plants reported (i.e. Aristolochia ringens, Azadirachta indica, Chromolaena odorata, Etanda Africana, Ficus capensis, Ficus vogelii, Mangifera indica, Momordica charantia, Ocimum gratisimum, Senna alata, Sorghum bicolor and Vernonia amygdalina) were investigated for antibacterial properties, using bacteria known to be causative agents of AGE. Our findings showed that, with exception of Ficus vogelii, which enhanced bacterial growth, the plant extracts reported all showed some antibacterial activity. We further discuss our findings within a regulatory context, with the aim to guide the use of traditional and herbal medication in low-to medium income countries (LMICs) and reduce the potential risks associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwapelumi Olufemi Adeyemi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Garstang Building, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (OOA); (NJS)
| | - Ade Stephen Alabi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Olaoluwa Temitope Talabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Nicola J. Stonehouse
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Garstang Building, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (OOA); (NJS)
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Noh P, Kim WJ, Yang S, Choi G, Moon BC. PCR-based rapid diagnostic tools for the authentication of medicinal mistletoe species. Phytomedicine 2021; 91:153667. [PMID: 34332281 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxilli Herba (TH) and Visci Herba (VH), defined as the leaves and branches of the mistletoe species Taxillus chinensis and Viscum coloratum, respectively, are popular herbal medicines in East Asia. However, commercial TH and VH products are frequently adulterated with related inauthentic mistletoe species, posing efficacy and safety concerns. Accurate species identification of herbal medicinal products is a prerequisite for quality control, but traditional morphological identification methods are hampered by difficulties in discriminating among closely related species and in identifying the source materials in processed products. PURPOSE This study aimed to develop sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers and a multiplex-SCAR assay for rapid and accurate identification of authentic TH and VH. METHODS The matK region was sequenced in a total of 20 samples from five mistletoe species, namely T. chinensis and V. coloratum, and three species often found in adulterated herbal medicines, T. sutchuenensis, V. articulatum, and Macrosolen tricolor. Species-specific nucleotide polymorphisms were identified and short regions (21-22 bp) containing at least two species-specific nucleotides close to the 3' end were incorporated into SCAR primers that produced uniquely sized PCR amplicons for each species. The five SCAR primer sets were also combined into a multiplex-SCAR assay. RESULTS The SCAR primers successfully generated amplicons of the expected size for each target species even with low-DNA templates or with templates containing DNA from multiple samples. No amplification was observed in non-target species. The SCAR markers and the multiplex-SCAR assay successfully identified commercial TH and VH products that were counterfeit or adulterated in both dried and processed products. CONCLUSION This is the first report to illustrate discrimination of genuine medicinal mistletoe species with DNA-based marker assays, enabling rapid and accurate species identification. The SCAR assays developed in this study will facilitate the standardization of commercial mistletoe products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pureum Noh
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wook Jin Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungyu Yang
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Goya Choi
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111, Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
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Yang H, Wang L, Chen H, Jiang M, Wu W, Liu S, Wang J, Liu C. Phylogenetic analysis and development of molecular markers for five medicinal Alpinia species based on complete plastome sequences. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:431. [PMID: 34551721 PMCID: PMC8456601 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpinia species are widely used as medicinal herbs. To understand the taxonomic classification and plastome evolution of the medicinal Alpinia species and correctly identify medicinal products derived from Alpinia species, we systematically analyzed the plastome sequences from five Alpinia species. Four of the Alpinia species: Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., Alpinia hainanensis K.Schum., Alpinia officinarum Hance, and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq., are listed in the Chinese pharmacopeia. The other one, Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) Burtt, is well known for its medicinal values. RESULTS The four Alpinia species: A. galanga, A. nigra, A. officinarum, and A. oxyphylla, were sequenced using the Next-generation sequencing technology. The plastomes were assembled using Novoplasty and annotated using CPGAVAS2. The sizes of the four plastomes range from 160,590 bp for A. galanga to 164,294 bp for A. nigra, and display a conserved quadripartite structure. Each of the plastomes encodes a total of 111 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding, 28 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. In addition, 293-296 SSRs were detected in the four plastomes, of which the majority are mononucleotides Adenine/Thymine and are found in the noncoding regions. The long repeat analysis shows all types of repeats are contained in the plastomes, of which palindromic repeats occur most frequently. The comparative genomic analyses revealed that the pair of the inverted repeats were less divergent than the single-copy region. Analysis of sequence divergence on protein-coding genes showed that two genes (accD and ycf1) had undergone positive selection. Phylogenetic analysis based on coding sequence of 77 shared plastome genes resolves the molecular phylogeny of 20 species from Zingiberaceae. In particular, molecular phylogeny of four sequenced Alpinia species (A. galanga, A. nigra, A. officinarum, and A. oxyphylla) based on the plastome and nuclear sequences showed congruency. Furthermore, a comparison of the four newly sequenced Alpinia plastomes and one previously reported Alpinia plastomes (accession number: NC_048461) reveals 59 highly divergent intergenic spacer regions. We developed and validated two molecular markers Alpp and Alpr, based on two regions: petN-psbM and psaJ-rpl33, respectively. The discrimination success rate was 100 % in validation experiments. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study will be invaluable for ensuring the effective and safe uses of Alpinia medicinal products and for the exploration of novel Alpinia species to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Shandong Province 274015 Heze, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haimei Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuwei Wu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, 530023 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Shengyu Liu
- Department of Medical Data Sharing, Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100020 Beijing, China
| | - Jiehua Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Bystriakova N, Tovar C, Monro A, Moat J, Hendrigo P, Carretero J, Torres-Morales G, Diazgranados M. Colombia's bioregions as a source of useful plants. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256457. [PMID: 34449804 PMCID: PMC8396733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess the importance of different Colombian bioregions in terms of the supply of useful plant species and the quality of the available distribution data. We assembled a dataset of georeferenced collection localities of all vascular plants of Colombia available from global and local online databases. We then assembled a list of species, subspecies and varieties of Colombia's useful plants and retrieved all point locality information associated with these taxa. We overlaid both datasets with a map of Colombia's bioregions to retrieve all species and useful species distribution records in each bioregion. To assess the reliability of our estimates of species numbers, we identified information gaps, in geographic and environmental space, by estimating their completeness and coverage. Our results confirmed that Colombia's third largest bioregion, the Andean moist forest followed by the Amazon, Pacific, Llanos and Caribbean moist forests contained the largest numbers of useful plant species. Medicinal use was the most common useful attribute across all bioregions, followed by Materials, Environmental uses, and Human Food. In all bioregions, except for the Andean páramo, the proportion of well-surveyed 10×10 km grid cells (with ≥ 25 observation records of useful plants) was below 50% of the total number of surveyed cells. Poor survey coverage was observed in the three dry bioregions: Caribbean deserts and xeric shrublands, and Llanos and Caribbean dry forests. This suggests that additional primary data is needed. We document knowledge gaps that will hinder the incorporation of useful plants into Colombia's stated plans for a bioeconomy and their sustainable management. In particular, future research should focus on the generation of additional primary data on the distribution of useful plants in the Amazon and Llanos (Orinoquia) regions where both survey completeness and coverage appeared to be less adequate compared with other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bystriakova
- Core Research Laboratories, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Justin Moat
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Hendrigo
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Germán Torres-Morales
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
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Qin H, Wang Y, Yang W, Yang S, Zhang J. Comparison of metabolites and variety authentication of Amomum tsao-ko and Amomum paratsao-ko using GC-MS and NIR spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15200. [PMID: 34312460 PMCID: PMC8313684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Amomum tsao-ko, as an edible and medicinal variety, has been cultivated for more than 600 years in China. Recently, two cultivars, A. tsao-ko and Amomum paratsao-ko, were found in A. tsao-ko planting area. The two cultivars are often confused because of the similar phenotype and difficult to distinguish through sensory judgment. In this study, the non-targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics combined with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were used for dissecting the two cultivars with phenotypic differences. According to principal component analysis (PCA) loading diagram and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) S-plot of the metabolites, the accumulation of major components including 1,8-cineole, α-phellandrene, (E)-2-decenal, (-)-β-pinene, (E)-2-octenal, 1-octanal, D-limonene, and decanal, were present differences between the two cultivars. Seven metabolites potential differentiated biomarkers as β-selinene, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, (E,Z)-2,6-dodecadienal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-decenal, isogeranial, 1,8-cineole and β-cubebene were determined. Although A. tsao-ko and A. paratsao-ko belong to the same genera and are similar in plant and fruit morphology, the composition and content of the main components were exposed significant discrepancy, so it is necessary to distinguish them. In this study, the discriminant model established by GC-MS or NIRS combined with multivariate analysis has achieved a good classification effect. NIRS has the advantages of simple, fast and nondestructive and can be used for rapid identification of varieties and fruit tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwei Qin
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, 650200, Kunming, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, 650200, Kunming, China
| | - Weize Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, 650200, Kunming, China
| | - Shaobing Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, 650200, Kunming, China.
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan, 650200, Kunming, China.
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, 650500, Kunming, China.
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Lim Ah Tock MJ, Chen W, Combrinck S, Sandasi M, Kamatou GPP, Viljoen AM. Exploring the phytochemical variation of non-volatile metabolites within three South African Salvia species using UPLC-MS fingerprinting and chemometric analysis. Fitoterapia 2021; 152:104940. [PMID: 34029652 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The South African Salvia species, Salvia africana-lutea, S. lanceolata and S. chamelaeagnea, are widely used to treat fever and inflammation associated with skin and lung infections. The aim of this study was to explore the non-volatile secondary metabolites and the phytochemical variation within these lesser known species, to support product development and commercialisation. Chemical profiles of the methanol extracts of 81 wild-harvested samples were obtained using ultra performance-quadrupole-Time-of-Flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-qToF-MS). Forty-one compounds, including caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, carnosol, carnosic acid and ursolic acid, were detected and confirmed across the three species. Nineteen compounds were tentatively identified of which 14 have not been reported in these species. Principal component analysis revealed distinct clusters corresponding to the three species, confirming chemical differences. Marker compounds for each species were revealed using orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis. Further chemometric analysis reflected a degree of intraspecies variation, although the chemistry within populations was mostly conserved. Potential chemotypes for each species were identified through unique compounds associated with each group. The concentrations of medicinally important metabolites, namely, rosmarinic acid, carnosol, carnosic acid and ursolic acid, were determined, using validated UPLC-PDA methods. Ursolic acid was present at levels up to 38.2 mg/g, confirming that these species are a rich source of this compound. No similar studies combining liquid chromatography with chemometric analysis, and utilising a large sample size from various habitats, have been reported for these three Salvia species. The results will guide selection of cultivars with the best attributes for the intended therapeutic application, thereby protecting wild populations from over-exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Lim Ah Tock
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - W Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Sandasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - G P P Kamatou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A M Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Jin TT, Liu FJ, Jiang Y, Wang L, Lu X, Li P, Li HJ. Molecular-networking-guided discovery of species-specific markers for discriminating five medicinal Paris herbs. Phytomedicine 2021; 85:153542. [PMID: 33799225 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paridis Rhizoma (PR) is a famous traditional herbal medicine. Apart from two officially recorded species, viz. Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. - Mazz. (PPY) and P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara (PPC), there are still many other species used as folk medicine. It is necessary to understand the metabolic differences among Paris species. PURPOSE To establish a strategy that can discover species-specific steroidal saponin markers to distinguish closely-related Paris herbs for quality and safety control. METHODS A new strategy of molecular-networking-guided discovery of species-specific markers was proposed. Firstly, the ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) was applied to obtain the MS and MS/MS data of all samples. Then, molecular networking (MN) was created using MS/MS data to prescreen the steroidal saponins for subsequent analysis. Next, the principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models were established to discover potential markers. Finally, the verification, identification and distribution of chemical markers were performed. RESULTS A total of 126 steroidal saponins were screened out from five species using MN. Five species were classified successfully by OPLS-DA model, and 18 species-specific markers were discovered combining the variable importance in the projection (VIP) value, P value (one-way ANOVA) and their relative abundance. These markers could predict the species of Paris herbs correctly. CONCLUSION These results revealed that this new strategy could be an efficient way for chemical discrimination of medicinal herbs with close genetic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Tong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng-Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of chemical engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Long Wang
- College of chemical engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Rafique Khan SM, Akhter T, Hussain M. Ethno-veterinary practice for the treatment of animal diseases in Neelum Valley, Kashmir Himalaya, Pakistan. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250114. [PMID: 33930052 PMCID: PMC8087047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant species are not only used as fodder or forage but also contribute substantially in the treatment of various health disorders, particularly in livestock. This study is the first quantitative ethnobotanical effort on ethnoveterinary uses of medicinal plants conducted in the Upper Neelum Valley of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. Information pertaining to cure different ailments of animals were collected from 126 informants through semi-structured interviews, group discussion and field walks. In order to identify the plant species used and their preferred habitats, elderly and experienced members of the tribes, locally known 'Budhair' (aged), were interviewed and sometimes accompanied in the field. The data was further analyzed through ethnobotanical indices. In all, 39 plant species, belonging to 31 genera and 21 families were documented which were used by the indigenous communities of Kashmir Himalaya for curing 21 different diseases of 7 different types of livestock. The highest number of ethno-medicinal plants were contributed by the Polygonaceae family, followed by Crassulaceae, Asteraceae and other families. Roots were the most used part of the plant for preparing ethnoveterinary medicines, followed by the aerial parts. The highest frequency of citation (41) and relative frequency of citation (7.32) was recorded for Saussurea lappa, followed by Rumex acetosa (37/6.61), Rumex nepalensis (36/6.43), Thymus linearis (28/5.0) and Angelica cyclocarpa (28/5.0). The highest use value was recorded for Saussurea lappa (0.33), followed by Rumex acetosa (0.29), Rumex nepalensis (0.29), Thymus linearis and Angelica cyclocarpa (0.22 each). The current study has made an important contribution towards the preservation of indigenous plants-based knowledge from extinction. The phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of the plants with high use value can be a potential source of novel drugs to treat health problems of animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanveer Akhter
- Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Hussain
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Jia Y, Lei L, Luo X, Zhao Z, Wang M, van Andel T. Analysis of historical changes in traditional Chinese medicine based on an Indonesian collection of Chinese materia medica from c. 1870. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 269:113714. [PMID: 33352236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese Medicine is subject to changes over time: product names, botanical ingredients, processing methods and uses have varied throughout the course of history. Historic collections of Chinese materia medica (CMM) are of great value for research on the evolvement, development and variability of Chinese herbal medicine over time. These changes may have a significant influence on the safety and efficiency of nowadays' clinical practice. Here we investigate a historic collection of Chinese medicinal products purchased in Indonesia in c. 1870, containing about 395 specimens. AIM OF THE STUDY This study compares the specimens contained in late 19th century collection of CMM with contemporary marketed materials by investigating changes in vernacular names, botanical identity and processing methods which are important aspects for safety and clinical practice today. MATERIALS AND METHODS The contents and associated documentation of the CMM collection of Dr. C.H.A. Westhoff (University Museum Utrecht) were revised by means of morphological identification and study of the associated historic documentation. We compared this Westhoff collection with contemporary CMM, information from literature and various quality standards, including the official Chinese pharmacopoeia. RESULTS The Westhoff collection represents a unique, well preserved collection of Chinese materia medica, with original uniform bottles, Chinese labels and a partly intact handwritten catalogue. Among the 395 specimens (bottles) of CMM surveyed, there are 387 contain a single component drug, while eight contain multiple components drugs. A total of 293 of the 395 specimens are mentioned in the modern Chinese pharmacopoeia. Ca. 25% of the specimens had been processed, such as stir-fried with or without adjuvants. Our analysis of local Chinese names, botanical content and processing methods indicate that this collection originates from southern part of China, possibly including in the region of Taiwan and was meant as a showcase for pharmaceutical education and/or as curiosity object. CONCLUSION Differences in vernacular names, plant parts and processing methods between the Westhoff collection and the current Chinese pharmacopoeia illustrate the regional variety of CMM and changes in CMM in the course of time. This work contributes to the understanding of the evolvement of CMM from a historic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Jia
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333, CR, Leiden, the Netherlands; LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333, BE, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lei Lei
- Chengdu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NMPA), Wuxing Erlu 10, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Chengdu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NMPA), Wuxing Erlu 10, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Zhongzhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - Mei Wang
- LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333, BE, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333, BE, Leiden, the Netherlands; SU BioMedicine, Post Bus 546, 2300, AM, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Tinde van Andel
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333, CR, Leiden, the Netherlands; Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333, BE, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Shikov AN, Narkevich IA, Flisyuk EV, Luzhanin VG, Pozharitskaya ON. Medicinal plants from the 14 th edition of the Russian Pharmacopoeia, recent updates. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 268:113685. [PMID: 33309919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbal medicine in Russia has a long history starting with handwritten herbalist manuscripts from the Middle Ages to the officinal Pharmacopoeia of the 21st century. The "herbophilious" Russian population has accumulated a lot of knowledge about the beneficial effects of local medicinal plants. Yet, for a long time, Russian traditional and officinal herbal medicine was not well known to the international audience. In our previous comprehensive review, we discussed the pharmacological effects of specific plants included in the 11th edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the USSR, which was also for a while used in Russia. The 14th edition of the Russian Federation's State Pharmacopoeia was implemented in 2018. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aims of the present review are: (i) to trace the evolution of medicinal plant handling from handwritten herbalist manuscripts to Pharmacopoeias; (ii) to describe the modern situation with regulatory documents for herbal medicinal products and their updated classification; (iii) to summarize and discuss the pharmacology, safety, and clinical data for new plants, which are included in the new edition of the Pharmacopoeia. METHODS New medicinal plants included in the 14th edition of the Russian Federation's State Pharmacopoeia were selected. We carefully searched the scientific literature for data related to traditional use, pharmacological, clinical application, and safety. The information was collected from local libraries in Saint-Petersburg, the online databases E-library.ru, Scopus, Web of Science, and the search engine Google scholar. RESULTS Investigating the evolution of all medicinal plants referred to in the Russian Pharmacopoeias led us to the identification of ten medicinal plants that were present in all editions of civilian Russian Pharmacopoeias starting from 1778. In the 14th edition of the modern Russian Pharmacopoeia, medicinal plants are described in 107 monographs. Altogether, 25 new monographs were included in the 14th edition, and one monograph was excluded in comparison to the 11th edition. Some of the included plants are not endemic to Russia and do not have a history of traditional use, or on the other hand, are widely used in Western medicine. For 15 plants, we described the specificity of their application in Russian traditional medicine along with the claimed dosages and indications in officinal medicine. The pharmacology, safety, and clinical data are summarized and assessed for nine plants, underlining their therapeutic potential and significance for global phytopharmacotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we highlight the therapeutical potential of new plants included in the modern edition of the Russian Pharmacopoeia. We hope that these plants will play an imperative role in drug development and will have a priority for future detailed research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Shikov
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Igor A Narkevich
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena V Flisyuk
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir G Luzhanin
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, 197376, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga N Pozharitskaya
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MMBI RAS), Vladimirskaya, 17, 183010, Murmansk, Russia
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Heinrich M, Mah J, Amirkia V. Alkaloids Used as Medicines: Structural Phytochemistry Meets Biodiversity-An Update and Forward Look. Molecules 2021; 26:1836. [PMID: 33805869 PMCID: PMC8036335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selecting candidates for drug developments using computational design and empirical rules has resulted in a broad discussion about their success. In a previous study, we had shown that a species' abundance [as expressed by the GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)] dataset is a core determinant for the development of a natural product into a medicine. Our overarching aim is to understand the unique requirements for natural product-based drug development. Web of Science was queried for research on alkaloids in combination with plant systematics/taxonomy. All alkaloids containing species demonstrated an average increase of 8.66 in GBIF occurrences between 2014 and 2020. Medicinal Species with alkaloids show higher abundance compared to non-medicinal alkaloids, often linked also to cultivation. Alkaloids with high biodiversity are often simple alkaloids found in multiple species with the presence of 'driver species' and are more likely to be included in early-stage drug development compared to 'rare' alkaloids. Similarly, the success of an alkaloid containing species as a food supplement ('botanical') is linked to its abundance. GBIF is a useful tool for assessing the druggability of a compound from a certain source species. The success of any development programme from natural sources must take sustainable sourcing into account right from the start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heinrich
- Research Group ‘Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy’, UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29–39 Brunswick Sq., London WC1N 1AX, UK; (J.M.); (V.A.)
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, and Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, No. 100, Section 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey Mah
- Research Group ‘Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy’, UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29–39 Brunswick Sq., London WC1N 1AX, UK; (J.M.); (V.A.)
| | - Vafa Amirkia
- Research Group ‘Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy’, UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29–39 Brunswick Sq., London WC1N 1AX, UK; (J.M.); (V.A.)
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Wang Q, Zhao L, Gao C, Zhao J, Ren Z, Shen Y, Yao R, Yin H. Ethnobotanical study on herbal market at the Dragon Boat Festival of Chuanqing people in China. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:19. [PMID: 33757555 PMCID: PMC7985747 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chuanqing people () are a linguistic group native to the Guizhou Province of China, with unique culture and rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. Herbal market at Dragon Boat Festival (DBF) plays an important role in the inheritance of traditional medicinal knowledge among the Chuanqing people. This study aims to record the profile of medicinal plants of the Chuanqing people, discuss the dilemmas faced by their inheritance, and propose some strategies for passing down information, which is critical for the inheritance and protection of the Chuanqing people's traditional medical knowledge. METHODS Data were collected through key informants and semi-structured interviews and free listing. Collected voucher specimens were identified using by botanical taxonomy method and deposited in the herbarium. Data were analyzed through use-value (UV) and cultural importance index (CI) values. Medicinal plants were compared with the Information System of Chinese Rare and Endangered Plants of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Results were compared with the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP), the Quality Standard of Traditional Chinese Medicine and National Medicine in Guizhou Province (QSG), and traditional medicines of Southeast Asian countries. RESULTS A total of 102 species from 53 families and 92 genera were recorded, with Orchidaceae and Asparagaceae (six species each), and Berberidaceae and Asteraceae (five species each) as the predominant families. The whole plant (36%) was the most common medicinal part. Decoction (44%) was the most common preparation method. Seventy-one investigated human ailments were grouped into 12 categories. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (34 mentions) were most frequently mentioned in this study. Moreover, the most frequently used taxon was Hedera sinensis (Tobler ) Hand.-Mazz. (UV and CI = 0.29). The Chuanqing people's medicine was highly similar to ChP and QSG. In comparison with Southeast Asian countries' traditional medicines, except for the same preparation methods, the similarities in terms of medicinal ingredients, plants, and disease treatment were very low. CONCLUSIONS The herbal market at the DBF is an important platform for exchanging knowledge about the Chuanqing people's traditional medicinal plants. The Chuanqing people's traditional medicine is facing many challenges to its inheritance and development. To solve these problems, this study highlights the traditional medicinal knowledge of the Chuanqing people, providing basic data for further research and protection of minority medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China
| | - Chi Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China
| | - Jiawen Zhao
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China
| | - Zixuan Ren
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China
| | | | - Ruyu Yao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 10093, China.
| | - Hongxiang Yin
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 61137, China.
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Khan MF, Mashwani ZUR, Mehmood A, Qureshi R, Sarwar R, Ahmad KS, Quave CL. An ethnopharmacological survey and comparative analysis of plants from the Sudhnoti District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:14. [PMID: 33743778 PMCID: PMC7980561 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first comprehensive report on the traditional and novel uses of medicinal plants practiced by the indigenous communities of the Sudhnoti district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The area is rich in folklore and indigenous medicinal knowledge due to a unique tribal composition and socioeconomic conditions. This study aimed to document traditional knowledge of native plant use by the local communities, particularly those used for therapeutic purposes. METHODS Field surveys were conducted from September 2015 to March 2017. Interviews with 125 local inhabitants of different tribes, age groups, genders, and occupations were conducted using structured and semi-structured questions along with group discussions. Data gathered on plant uses, local names, and modes of application of each plant species were organized in tables. Ethnobotanical indices such as use value (UV) and cultural significance index (CSI) were used to produce quantitative information on the plant use category, frequency, and cultural preference of species. Reports on therapeutic uses of medicinal plants were compared with previous studies. RESULTS In all, 88 plant species from 45 families were reported, out of which 67 (77%) were used in ethnomedical applications. Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae were the dominant families. Berberis lycium was the most valued plant species, followed by Zanthoxylum armatum and Taraxacum officinale. Mentha arvensis had the highest cultural significance, followed by Mentha longifolia, Punica granatum, and Zanthoxylum armatum. Leaves were the most preferred plant parts in the preparation of medicine exclusively or mixed with other parts. The most frequently used process of crude preparation of medicinal plants was cooking. Oral intake was the predominant route of administration. CONCLUSIONS Our comparative analysis confirmed that most of the plants documented have uses that match those previously reported for the region and other parts of the world, with the exception of novel medicinal uses for 11 plant species, including Verbascum thapsus for earache, Elaeagnus umbellata for hepatitis, Achillea millefolium for oral care, Dicliptera roxburghiana to prevent sunstroke in cattle, Rumex hastatus for allergy antidote, Pyrus pashia for hepatitis, and Nerium oleander for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faraz Khan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, Pakistan
| | | | - Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Rehmatullah Qureshi
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Sarwar
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Shafique Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Cassandra L Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, 550 Asbury Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Brown AR, Ettefagh KA, Todd DA, Cole PS, Egan JM, Foil DH, Lacey EP, Cech NB. Bacterial efflux inhibitors are widely distributed in land plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113533. [PMID: 33137433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Secondary metabolites play a critical role in plant defense against disease and are of great importance to ethnomedicine. Bacterial efflux pumps are active transport proteins that bacterial cells use to protect themselves against multiple toxic compounds, including many antimicrobials. Efflux pump inhibitors from plants can block these efflux pumps, increasing the potency of antimicrobial compounds. This study demonstrates that efflux pump inhibition against the Gram-positive bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is widespread in extracts prepared from individual species throughout the land plant lineage. It therefore suggests a general mechanism by which plants used by indigenous species may be effective as a topical treatment for some bacterial infections. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this research was to evaluate the distribution of efflux pump inhibitors in nine plant extracts with an ethnobotanical use suggestive of an antimicrobial function for the presence of efflux pump inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plants were collected, dried, extracted, and vouchers submitted to the Herbarium of the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (NCU). The extracts were analyzed by quantitative mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to determine the presence and concentration of flavonoids with known efflux pump inhibitory activity. A mass spectrometry-based assay was employed to measure efflux pump inhibition for all extracts against Staphylococcus aureus. The assay relies on UPLC-MS measurement of changes in ethidium concentration in the spent culture broth when extracts are incubated with bacteria. RESULTS Eight of these nine plant extracts inhibited toxic compound efflux at concentrations below the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value for the same extract. The most active extracts were those prepared from Osmunda claytoniana L. and Pinus strobes L., which both demonstrated IC50 values for efflux inhibition of 19 ppm. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that efflux pump inhibitors active against Staphylococcus aureus are common in land plants. By extension, this activity is likely to be important in many plant-derived antimicrobial extracts, including those used in traditional medicine, and evaluation of efflux pump inhibition may often be valuable when studying natural product efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Brown
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Keivan A Ettefagh
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Daniel A Todd
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Patrick S Cole
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Joseph M Egan
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Daniel H Foil
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Elizabeth P Lacey
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 312 Eberhart Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Nadja B Cech
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, 435 Sullivan Bldg., Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
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Oliveira M, Hoste H, Custódio L. A systematic review on the ethnoveterinary uses of mediterranean salt-tolerant plants: Exploring its potential use as fodder, nutraceuticals or phytotherapeutics in ruminant production. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113464. [PMID: 33049342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salt-tolerant plants are well adapted to the harsh conditions of the Mediterranean region, where have been used traditionally as food and medicines for human and animals. In addition, various species are currently recognized as sources of metabolites with pharmacological, cosmetical and nutraceutical interest. Nevertheless, ethnoveterinary data on salt-tolerant plants are dispersed in the literature and there are few discussions on its veterinary potential. Having in mind the rising interest on organic farming, alternatives to chemical substances in livestock production and concern for animal health and welfare practices, these plants may represent an untapped resource for animal management and veterinary purposes. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to summarize the ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant plants described in the Mediterranean region, raising awareness to the potential of this group of plants to be used in veterinary science, targeting especially ruminants. MATERIAL AND METHODS Literature search (2000-2020) was conducted using Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Ethnoveterinary reports (EVR) concerning salt-tolerant plants were summarized and filtered for ruminants. From the final 29 publications, EVR concerning therapeutic uses were categorized according to its ATCvet code and results analyzed. RESULTS A total of 221 EVR were identified from 39 plants, belonging to 21 plant families, targetting ruminants. Ten EVR (4.5%) concerned uses of salt-tolerant species as animal feed, while around 75% of therapeutic uses was represented by three categories: alimentary tract and metabolism (QA; n = 75), dermatologicals (QD; n = 53) and genitourinary system and sex hormones (QG; n = 41). Pistacia lentiscus L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, Plantago major L. and Hordeum vulgare L. were the most cited species in the latter categories. CONCLUSIONS The ethnoveterinary knowledge on salt-tolerant species hints some plants of veterinary pharmacological potential, but other species deserve further notice. This information should serve as a basis and, coupled with the currently available scientific data on bioactive properties and chemical composition of salt-tolerant species, inspire additional research on the exploitation of this botanical group, as sources of novel products for ruminant nutrition, health and quality of its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Hervé Hoste
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse, F31076, France; Université de Toulouse, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, Toulouse, F31076, France
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Fakchich J, Elachouri M. An overview on ethnobotanico-pharmacological studies carried out in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review (part 1). J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113200. [PMID: 32750461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The full bibliometric records of data retrieved from ethnobotanical field studies carried out in Morocco (1991-2015) was quali-quantitatively analysed. Despite the importance of traditional medicinal uses in Morocco, any comments about the methodologies and approaches adopted by reviewed studies have been undertaken. Include more data about the importance of traditional medicinal uses in Morocco. AIM OF THE STUDY Three key points were targeted in this review: (i) to contribute to original compilation of medicinal plants traditionally used by people at whole Morocco, by gathering and documenting the current status of these ancestral medical practices, (ii) to provide a novel insight into the relationship between local and biomedical disease concepts in Moroccan society, taking into account health-related beliefs, and their influences on medicinal plant uses, (iii) to figurout the weaknesses and the strengths of the conceptual approches and methods adopted by researchers in ethnobotanical field works. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the help of a computerized database querying, we conducted an extensive literature search respecting our integration criteria. We performed this bibliographic research by using the following search engines available over the Web: Google Scholar, PUBMED, Sciencedirect, Current Content Connect, SCOPUS, SPRINGER LINK, GLOBAL PLANTS, Cochrane Library and SCIRUS. The scientific names listed in the present paper have been validated according to the "The Plant List" and the African Plants Database in order to standardize ethnobotanical data on an international level. For the analysis of data gathered, quali-quantitative analyses have been performed. RESULTS A total of 905 medicinal plant species belonging to 116 families and 726 genera have been selected from 63 published articles. The dominant families were ASTERACEAE (111 species) followed by the FABACEAE (77 species), LAMIACEAE (75 species) and APIACEAE (46 species). The plant species listed are used to cure several public ailments. The digestive ailments represented the most important category (494 species) followed by dermatological diseases (407 species), diabetes (315 species) and urinary diseases (277 species). We assigned the importance of the plant species by several measures (including Frequency Cited (FC), Number of Uses (NU), Number of Respondents (NR) and Index of Performance (IP). The ICF (Informant Consensus Factor) calculated was important in all categories of diseases averaging 47%. CONCLUSION The results obtained, which cover the whole country, delineate the profile of rich wealth of indigenous knowledge on traditional uses of medicinal plants heald by Moroccan society. The total number of 905 plant species listed in this paper, are currently being utilized as medicines and the number is expected to grow as infrastructure allows greater access to unexplored parts of the country. Furthermore, the know how, regarding the plants used, is consistent because the ICF has recorded important values for most diseases treated. Furthermore, in the present paper, we suggested, for authors, some useful recommendations for ethnobotanical field works such as the respect of ethnobotanical standards including checklist of plants with international data base, the deposited voucher specimens, sampling and collection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Fakchich
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
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Shanmughanandhan J, Shanmughanandhan D, Ragupathy S, Henry TA, Newmaster SG. Quantification of Actaea racemosa L. (black cohosh) from some of its potential adulterants using qPCR and dPCR methods. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4331. [PMID: 33619286 PMCID: PMC7900226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for popular natural health products (NHPs) such as Black Cohosh is increasing considerably, which in turn challenges quality assurance (QA) throughout the supply chain. To detect and quantify the target species present in a given NHP, DNA-based molecular techniques such as Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) are standard tools in the food and pathogen testing industries. There is a gap in the literature concerning validated quantitative PCR methods for botanicals that can be utilized for QA and good manufacturing practices. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient quantification method using qPCR and dPCR techniques for the detection and quantification of Actaea racemosa (Black cohosh) NHPs from its potential adulterants. These developed methods are validated for applicability on commercial NHPs. Species-specific hydrolysis probe assays were designed to analyze the black cohosh NHPs using qPCR and dPCR techniques. The results confirmed that the developed qPCR and dPCR methods are highly precise for identifying and quantifying black cohosh NHPs, indicating their potential applicability in future routine industrial and laboratory testing. This enables a single qPCR test to determine not only the presence of a specific botanical, but also the amount when mixed with an adulterant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeevitha Shanmughanandhan
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Dhivya Shanmughanandhan
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Subramanyam Ragupathy
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Thomas A Henry
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Steven G Newmaster
- NHP Research Alliance, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Geertsma IP, Françozo M, van Andel T, Rodríguez MA. What's in a name? Revisiting medicinal and religious plants at an Amazonian market. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:9. [PMID: 33546714 PMCID: PMC7866673 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of an increasing number of ethnobotanical market surveys in the past decades, few studies compare changes in plant species trade over time. The open-air market Ver-o-Peso (VOP) in Belém, located near the mouth of the Amazon River in the state of Pará, Brazil, is known for its wide variety of medicinal plants. A survey of VOP was published in 1984, but it remains unknown to what extent its botanical composition changed over 34 years. Furthermore, in northern Brazil, little attention has been given to the origins of the vernacular names of these plants. Our aim is to give an up-to-date overview of the VOP medicinal plant market, concentrating on changes in species composition and vernacular names over time. METHODS We collected medicinal plants and vernacular names at VOP in August 2018. We identified most plants at the Museo Paraense Emilio Goeldi Herbarium, where we also deposited vouchers and specimen labels. We compared our species composition data to the 1984 inventory by Van den Berg. Furthermore, we investigated the etymologies of the vernacular plant names. RESULTS We recorded 155 plant specimens and 165 corresponding vernacular names, and collected 146 specimens from the medicinal and ritual stalls of VOP reporting 86 species formerly not recorded at this market. Vernacular names had mostly Portuguese roots, followed by Tupi and African ones. We found 30 species also documented in 1984, and vernacular names that overlapped between both surveys were used for the same botanical species or genus, indicating that vernacular names have changed little in the past decades. Lastly, we found 26 more introduced species sold at VOP compared to 1984. CONCLUSIONS Forest degradation and deforestation, prevalence of diseases, and methodological factors may play a role in the differences we found in our survey compared to 1984. Of the plants that did overlap between the two surveys, vernacular names of these plants were hardly different. Lastly, the lingual origins of the vernacular names in our survey and the origins of the plant species reflect the history of the intricate syncretism of medicinal plant practices of indigenous, Afro-Brazilian and European origins in Belém.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Pombo Geertsma
- Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, the Netherlands.
| | - Mariana Françozo
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, Leiden, 2333 CC, the Netherlands
- PI ERC BRASILIAE project, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tinde van Andel
- Clusius chair in History of Botany and Gardens, IBL, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, Leiden, 2300 RA, the Netherlands
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
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Adame-Miranda SJ, Granados-Guzmán G, Silva-Mares DA, Acevedo-Fernández JJ, Waksman-Minsky N, Salazar-Aranda R. Evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity of plants in northeast mexico. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2021; 67:212-218. [PMID: 34817346 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
iabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-contagious diseases. In 2017, The International Diabetes Federation reported that around 425 million people suffer from diabetes worldwide. Medications used for the treatment of diabetes lead to unwanted side effects, and thus, new safe drugs are necessary. Some natural plant-based products exhibit anti hyperglycemic activity and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity (using both in vitro and in vivo models) as well as cytotoxicity of the extracts obtained from various plants. Nine extracts from a total of eight plant species were subjected to in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. Subsequently, they were assessed through the ex vivo everted sac assay, and finally, the in vivo antihyperglycemic activity was evaluated. The extracts obtained from Ceanothus coeruleus, Chrysactinia mexicana and Zanthoxylum fagara inhibited the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the in vitro assays. Ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic extracts from Jatropha dioica, hydroalcoholic extract from Salvia ballotaeflora and Chrysactinia mexicana, as well as methanolic extract from Ricinus communis and Zanthoxylum fagara significantly reduced the glucose uptake in the ex vivo everted intestinal sac test. All the eight extracts showed antihyperglycemic effect through the in vivo model of the Glucose Tolerance Test, using starch as the carbohydrate source. The antihyperglycemic effect of the extracts could be mediated through the inhibition of digestive enzymes and/or the absorption of glucose through the intestine. However, the mechanism of action for the hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia texana and the methanolic extract of Turnera diffusa, which showed a strong in vivo antihyperglycemic effect, is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Adame-Miranda
- School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
| | - Graciela Granados-Guzmán
- School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
| | - David A Silva-Mares
- School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
| | - Juan José Acevedo-Fernández
- School of Medicine, Bioevaluation Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Leñeros and Iztaccihuatl s / n Col. Volcanes. Cuernavaca, Morelos. Mexico.
| | - Noemí Waksman-Minsky
- School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Salazar-Aranda
- School of Medicine, Analytical Chemistry Department, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Maderoy Aguirre Pequeno, s / n. Col. Mitras Centro. Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. Mexico.
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Kyaw YMM, Bi Y, Oo TN, Yang X. Traditional medicinal plants used by the Mon people in Myanmar. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 265:113253. [PMID: 32891817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myanmar's Mon people largely depend on a traditional medical system for health care, however, information about their medical plants is rare in the current literature. In this first ethnobotanical study of Mon traditional medicinal plants (MTMs), we attempt to answer three research questions: 1) What species are used as MTMs by the Mon people and what diseases can be treated with these MTMs? 2) What are the general characteristics of these MTMs? 3) Which species and their usages have high consensus of knowledge? AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed (1) to document both the diversity of medicinal plants used by the Mon people and their knowledge of the therapeutic usages of these plants; and (2) to quantitatively identify the most well-known medicinal plant species and prevalent diseases treated by these species, and to evaluate the status of scientific research and application for each of these species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical surveys and interviews were carried out in 10 villages in four townships of Mon State, Myanmar in 2018. Data were collected from interviews with 131 informants, chosen via the snowball sampling method. Therapeutic uses of medicinal plants were categorized according to the ICPC-2 standard. Voucher specimens of plant species were collected and identified by experts. To evaluate the consensus of knowledge, we applied use reports (URs) using the R package of ethnobotanyR. RESULTS In total, we recorded 158 medicinal plant species belonging to 64 families as being used by the Mon people, with 13 species being newly recorded as medicinal plants in Myanmar. The people listed 78 therapeutic uses for these plants, which could be classified into 16 ICPC-2 disease categories. Digestive, urological and respiratory diseases ranked as the most prevalent diseases based on use reports. Fabaceae was the most represented family and the leaf was the most commonly used plant part. Decoction and oral administration ranked top in preparation and administration methods, respectively. Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr, the introduced species Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob., Mimosa pudica L., Tadehagi triquetrum (L.) H. Ohashi, and Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC were the five most cited medicinal plant species, and were used to treat dysuria, cuts and wounds, cough, diabetes and gall stones respectively, with high consensus. CONCLUSION The Mon people of Myanmar have a rich and diverse knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. The list of medicinal plants in Myanmar can be renewed, with the addition of 13 species. MTMs still function as an important component of the health care of the Mon people in Myanmar, and a systematic documentation of the local knowledge of MTMs would be of great value in the future. Resource monitoring, phytochemical and pharmacological research and evidence-based drug development are suggested to promote the use of MTMs and aid drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunn Mi Mi Kyaw
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfeng Bi
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar
| | - Thaung Naing Oo
- Forest Research Institute, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar.
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Lin Y, Wang SP, Zhang JY, Zhuo ZY, Li XR, Zhai CJ, Li XX, Qi FH, Ding X, Chen CY, Zhou J, Li J, Liu Q, Qiu LL, Zhang YQ. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Gaomi, China. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 265:113228. [PMID: 32777517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The uses of medicinal plants have a long history and become one of the important sources of the health cares in Gaomi City, Shandong Province, China. However, limited studies have been done to identify these medicinal plant species and to scientifically document their associated traditional knowledge. Many species used by indigenous people could potentially represent a novel resource of medicine. The study can aid in further investigations of modern pharmacology and planning of the wild species conservation. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate and record the medicinal plant taxa and their associated traditional knowledge in Gaomi City, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field study was conducted from March 2018 to May 2019 with 184 residents of Gaomi City. Traditional medicinal plant specimens were collected from the field with the help of these residents and were identified and authenticated in the Herbarium of the School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University. Ethnobotanical knowledge was collected by semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed by using the informant consensus factor (ICF) method and the number of citations. RESULTS A total of 181 species belonging to 137 genera and 65 families were collected in Gaomi City. Asteraceae was the predominant family and Fabaceae took the second place. River basins and the southern hills in Gaomi were rich in vegetation. However, the cultivated area of medicinal plants only accounted for 10% of agricultural acreage. The main preparation method was decocting (170, 94.48%) and the most frequent mode of administration was oral (177, 97.97%). The highest numerical ICF value was recorded for treating endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional (ICF: 0.85) conditions. Seven of the medicinal plant species used by the people in Gaomi have not been reported previously in China. Verbena officinalis L. was found in Gaomi City, which is a new distribution record for this species. CONCLUSIONS People in Gaomi hold valuable knowledge about the use of medicinal plants; however, their knowledge has not been comprehensively documented. The therapeutic uses of the documented medicinal plants will provide a basis for further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations. Additionally, the result of this study indicated that the elder people in Gaomi have more traditional knowledge of plant medicines than the younger ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yuan Zhuo
- Gaomi Maternity and Child Health hospital, Gaomi, 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rou Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Jia Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Qiu
- Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, 257034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China.
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Sargin SA. Potential anti-influenza effective plants used in Turkish folk medicine: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 265:113319. [PMID: 32882361 PMCID: PMC7458060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Due to the outbreaks such as SARS, bird flu and swine flu, which we frequently encounter in our century, we need fast solutions with no side effects today more than ever. Due to having vast ethnomedical experience and the richest flora (34% endemic) of Europe and the Middle East, Turkey has a high potential for research on this topic. Plants that locals have been using for centuries for the prevention and treatment of influenza can offer effective alternatives to combat this problem. In this context, 224 herbal taxa belonging to 45 families were identified among the selected 81 studies conducted in the seven regions of Turkey. However, only 35 (15.6%) of them were found to be subjected to worldwide in vitro and in vivo research conducted on anti-influenza activity. Quercetin and chlorogenic acid, the effectiveness of which has been proven many times in this context, have been recorded as the most common (7.1%) active ingredients among the other 56 active substances identified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study has been carried out to reveal the inventory of plant species that have been used in flu treatment for centuries in Turkish folk medicine, which could be used in the treatment of flu or flu-like pandemics, such as COVID 19, that humanity has been suffering with, and also compare them with experimental studies in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation was conducted in two stages on the subject above by using electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Medline, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, HighWire Press, PubMed and Google Scholar. The results of both scans are presented in separate tables, together with their regional comparative analysis. RESULTS Data obtained on taxa are presented in a table, including anti-influenza mechanism of actions and the active substances. Rosa canina (58.7%) and Mentha x piperita (22.2%) were identified as the most common plants used in Turkey. Also, Sambucus nigra (11.6%), Olea europaea (9.3%), Eucalyptus spp., Melissa officinalis, and Origanum vulgare (7.0%) emerged as the most investigated taxa. CONCLUSION This is the first nationwide ethnomedical screening work conducted on flu treatment with plants in Turkey. Thirty-nine plants have been confirmed in the recent experimental anti-influenza research, which strongly shows that these plants are a rich pharmacological source. Also, with 189 (84.4%) taxa, detections that have not been investigated yet, they are an essential resource for both national and international pharmacological researchers in terms of new natural medicine searches. Considering that the production of antimalarial drugs and their successful use against COVID-19 has begun, this correlation was actually a positive and remarkable piece of data, since there are 15 plants, including Centaurea drabifolia subsp. Phlocosa (an endemic taxon), that were found to be used in the treatment of both flu and malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyid Ahmet Sargin
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Education, 07400, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey.
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Lucía CPA, Jacqueline BR, Alberto BRL, David BA, Beatriz RA. Actualized inventory of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in Oaxaca, Mexico. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:7. [PMID: 33568185 PMCID: PMC7874459 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oaxaca is one of the most diverse states in Mexico from biological and cultural points of view. Different ethnic groups living there maintain deep and ancestral traditional knowledge of medicinal plants as well as traditional practices and beliefs about diseases/illnesses and cures. Previous ethnobotanical research in this state has helped document this knowledge, but with the addition of more studies, more records appear. We updated the inventory of medicinal knowledge between the different ethnic groups that inhabit the Oaxacan territory. METHODS A database was constructed from two sources: (1) original data from a 3-year project in 84 municipalities of Oaxaca inhabited by eight ethnic groups and (2) different electronic databases. RESULTS Records of 1032 medicinal plants were obtained; 164 families were registered, with Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae being the most commonly used. A total of 770 species were reported in 14 vegetation types; the most important species came from temperate forests. Only 144 species corresponded to introduced species, and 272 were listed in a risk category. Illnesses of the digestive and genitourinary systems as well as culture-bound syndromes were treated with high numbers of medicinal plants. The Mestizo, Mixe, Mixtec, and Zapotec ethnic groups exhibited the greatest number of recorded medicinal plants. The 17 species that were used among almost all ethnic groups in Oaxaca were also used to cure the highest number of diseases. DISCUSSION Inventories of medicinal plants confirm the persistence of traditional knowledge and reflect the need to recognize and respect this cosmovision. Many species are gathered in wild environments. The most important illnesses or diseases recorded in the present inventory are also mentioned in different studies, suggesting that they are common health problems in the rural communities of Mexico. CONCLUSIONS Medicinal plants are essential for ethnic groups in Oaxaca. It is necessary to recognize and understand the complex ancestral processes involved in the human-nature interaction and the role of these processes in the conservation of biodiversity and in the survivorship of ethnic groups that have persisted for centuries. Finally, this study serves as a wake-up call to respect those worldviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cruz-Pérez Alejandra Lucía
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, CP. 09340 CDMX, Mexico
| | - Barrera-Ramos Jacqueline
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, CP. 09340 CDMX, Mexico
| | - Bernal-Ramírez Luis Alberto
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, CP. 09340 CDMX, Mexico
| | - Bravo-Avilez David
- Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Avenida de las Ciencias, S/N, Juriquilla. Delegación Santa Rosa Jáuregui, CP 7623 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rendón-Aguilar Beatriz
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, CP. 09340 CDMX, Mexico
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Meireles MPA, de Albuquerque UP, de Medeiros PM. What interferes with conducting free lists? A comparative ethnobotanical experiment. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:4. [PMID: 33485375 PMCID: PMC7824914 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The free list, also written "freelist", or "free recall", is an ethnographic method that characterizes the local knowledge of a population about a given cultural domain. However, there is still much to elucidate about the variables that can influence the number of items that participants cite using this technique. This study applied a casual-comparative experimental design to analyze whether 3 months' time, age, and external stimuli influence the similarity of plant free lists applied at different times. METHODS Data was collected from 103 farmers from the rural community Alto dos Canutos, in the municipality of Picos, Piauí state, Brazil. Two free lists were conducted at two different times, with an interval of three months between them. Subsequently, the similarity between the first and second free lists of each participant was calculated using the Jaccard Similarity Index. The generalized linear model (GLM) with binomial errors and stepwise approach was used to analyze the effects of age and external stimuli on information collection when comparing free lists applied at different times. RESULTS Participants' age influenced the information that the free lists collected, demonstrating that the older the participants, the lower the similarity among the free lists. Among the external stimuli analyzed, only the presence of third parties influenced the content of the free lists at the time of the interview. However, contrary to expectations, third-party presence positively influenced the similarity of the lists. CONCLUSION The results show that the studied variables age and third-party presence can influence the capture of knowledge. These findings warrant future research into the influences' causes and their potential mitigation, e.g., by isolation or by breaking the medicinal plant domain into focused sub-domains and conducting simpler, successive free-lists, which can mitigate memory issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melise Pessôa Araujo Meireles
- Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, Universidade Federal do Piauí- Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Piauí, PI, 6460-7670, Brazil.
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Pathy KK, Flavien NB, Honoré BK, Vanhove W, Van Damme P. Ethnobotanical characterization of medicinal plants used in Kisantu and Mbanza-Ngungu territories, Kongo-Central Province in DR Congo. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:5. [PMID: 33485383 PMCID: PMC7824950 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phytotherapeutic knowledge of the Kongo people in the territories of Kisantu and Mbanza-Ngungu in Kongo-Central Province (DR Congo) is rapidly eroding. To document the remaining knowledge, we conducted an ethnobotanical survey on the most important medicinal plant species and diseases treated with them, as well as plants with therapeutic potential. We also checked for the cultural similarity in medicinal plant knowledge between the two territories and how knowledge about Kongo medicinal plants differs between different social groups. METHODS From June 2017 until February 2018 and from February 2019 until April 2019, we conducted a survey with 188 phytotherapists, selected using the snowball method and surveyed using semi-structured interviews. Voucher specimens were taken for identification. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using medicinal use value (UVs), informant agreement ratio (IARs), informant consensus factor (ICF), and species therapeutic potential (STP). Rahman's similarity index was used for ethno-cultural comparison of medicinal plant knowledge between the two communities. Medicinal knowledge between different social groups was analyzed using non-parametric tests and Poisson regression. RESULTS A total of 231 plants (i.e., 227 botanical species, representing 192 genera and 79 families) were reportedly used to treat 103 diseases. Most abundant taxa were reported for the Fabaceae family (including 11.9% of species and 10.9% of genera). Most reported species (45.0%) were from anthropized areas. Leaves (39.4%), herbs (37.1%), decoction (41.7%), and oral ingestion (72%) were the most frequently cited plant part, botanical form, preparation, and administration method, respectively. Four of all inventoried species showed high UVS (> 0.05), whereas eight had an IAR of one. According to ICF, 31 diseases were mentioned. Highest ICF (≥ 0.4) was observed for hemorrhoids (0.44), amoebiasis (0.43), and itchy rash (0.42). Fifty-four plant species were identified as likely possessing an interesting therapeutic potential. Low ethno-cultural similarity in medicinal knowledge (RSI = 16.6%) was found between the two territories. Analysis of the Kongo medicinal plant knowledge showed that the mean number of reported species and diseases vary considerably depending on gender, type, and residence of therapists (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Results prove that the Kongo phytopharmacopeia makes use of interesting medicinal plant species that could be further studied for conservation and pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibungu Kembelo Pathy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinshasa University (UNIKIN), Kinshasa XI, BP 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nzuki Bakwaye Flavien
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinshasa University (UNIKIN), Kinshasa XI, BP 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Belesi Katula Honoré
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinshasa University (UNIKIN), Kinshasa XI, BP 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Wouter Vanhove
- Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Damme
- Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 6 - Suchdol, 165 21,, Prague, Czech Republic
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Abstract
High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a cost-effective, specific, and rapid tool that allows distinguishing genetically related plants and other organisms based on the detection of small nucleotide variations, which are recognized from melting properties of the double-stranded DNA. It has been widely applied in several areas of research and diagnostics, including botanical authentication of several food commodities and herbal products. Generally, it consists of the main steps: (1) in silico sequence analysis and primer design; (2) DNA extraction from plant material; (3) amplification by real-time PCR with an enhanced fluorescent dye targeting a specific DNA barcode or other regions of taxonomic interest (100-200 bp); (4) melting curve analysis; and (5) statistical data analysis using a specific HRM software. This chapter presents an overview of HRM analysis and application, followed by the detailed description of all the required reagents, instruments, and protocols for the successful and easy implementation of a HRM method to differentiate closely related plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Grazina
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana S Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Hasheminasab FS, Sharififar F, Hashemi SM, Setayesh M. An Evidence-Based Research on Botanical Sources for Oral Mucositis Treatment in Traditional Persian Medicine. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 18:225-234. [PMID: 32013832 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200203110803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases associated with heavy complications in treatment. Mucotoxic cancer therapies such as head and neck radiotherapy and some of the chemotherapy agents may lead to oral mucositis. In addition to its economic consequences, mucositis also affects patients' quality of life. In Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) manuscripts, several medicaments have been suggested for the treatment of mucositis. OBJECTIVE Considering the public welcome for herbal medicine, the current evidence-based review study is conducted to investigate the herbal remedies which have been proposed for oral mucositis in TPM. METHODS At first, a comprehensive survey was done on Qanon fi al-Teb, which is the most important textbook of TPM; then the scientific name of the herbs was authenticated according to the botanical textbooks. At last, data banks including Scopus, Pubmed, Web of science and Science direct were investigated for possible relevant properties of each medicinal plant in the literature. RESULTS In total, 30 herbs are introduced in this study. According to the registered documents, 18 herbs are reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-nociceptive and wound healing properties of which the therapeutic effect of only a few herbs including Glycyrrhiza glabra, Malva sylvestris, Morus nigra, Punica granatum, and Solanum nigrum were directly evaluated against oral mucositis on the literature. CONCLUSION Despite the lack of human studies on mucositis for the other discussed herbs, their related pharmacological properties can be considered for new natural drug discovery supported by medieval and traditional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Hashemi
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Ali-ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Setayesh
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Hosseinkhani A, Ziaian B, Hessami K, Kashkooe A, Pasalar M. An Evidence-Based Review of Antitussive Herbs Containing Essential Oils in Traditional Persian Medicine. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 18:179-185. [PMID: 32316897 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200421091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cough is one of the most common medical symptoms for which medical advice is sought. Although cough is a protective reflex responsible for clearing the airways from secretions and foreign bodies, it can be a troublesome symptom that causes discomfort to patients. Due to the increasing interest in herbal remedies in both developed and developing countries, in the current study, we aimed to overview medicinal herbs containing essential oils used as antitussive agents according to Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) textbooks. We summarized the relevant scientific evidence on their possible pharmacological effects. METHODS To collect the evidence for the treatment of cough or "seaal" (cough in ancient books) from TPM sources, five main medicinal Persian manuscripts were studied. The antitussive herbs were listed and their scientific names were identified and authenticated following botanical reference books. ScienceDirect and PubMed online databases were searched for related mechanisms of action of the reported medicinal plants. RESULTS Forty-nine herbs containing essential oils have been recommended in TPM for the treatment of cough; 21 of them had at least one known mechanism of action for cough suppression in the scientific literature. According to this review, most of the cited medicinal plants were assessed for either nitric oxide inhibitory or antitussive/expectorant activities. CONCLUSION In addition to advantageous effects of antitussive herbs recommended by TPM, the present review highlighted some recent evidence-based data on these promising herbs that could be used as an outline for future research on their medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayda Hosseinkhani
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bijan Ziaian
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Hessami
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kashkooe
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Martinelli T, Fulvio F, Pietrella M, Focacci M, Lauria M, Paris R. In Silybum marianum Italian wild populations the variability of silymarin profiles results from the combination of only two stable chemotypes. Fitoterapia 2021; 148:104797. [PMID: 33271258 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. is an important medicinal plant belonging to Mediterranean flora. The medicinal properties of the species are mainly due to silymarin, a combination of different flavonolignans contained in the fruit. As for silymarin, so far a wide variability of possible S. marianum chemotypes has been described. In the present study the flavonolignan profile of 40 different S. marianum wild accessions was analysed at both population and single plant level, further extending the analysis to progenies derived from crosses between parental lines with different chemotypes. The results of this work indicate that S. marianum wild populations can be composed either of individuals with the same chemotype, or heterogeneous mixtures of individuals characterized by different chemotypes. Only three chemotypes (A, B and C) have been identified among Italian wild populations. Based on data collected we furthermore propose that chemotype C is the result of the hybridization between A and B chemotypes. If assessed at single plant level, chemotypes are extremely stable therefore evidencing a strong genetic control of silymarin biosynthetic pathway. Chemotypes A and B are present in all the analysed regions and no clear correlation between chemotypes and geographic features has been found. In conclusion, this work provides a general procedure for the characterization of different and stable chemotypes, for a deeper understanding of silymarin biosynthetic pathway, and in order to implement S. marianum breeding programmes aiming to improve silymarin quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Martinelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA - DC), Loc. Cascine del Riccio, Via di Lanciola 12/A; 50125, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Flavia Fulvio
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA - CI), Via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Pietrella
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops (CREA - OFA), via la Canapona 1 bis, 47121 Forli, Italy
| | - Marco Focacci
- Agenzia Italiana per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo, Largo Louis Braille 4; 50131, Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lauria
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Italian National Research Council (IBBA - CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Paris
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA - CI), Via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
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Gras A, Parada M, Vallès J, Garnatje T. Catalan ethnoflora: a meta-analytic approach to life forms and geographic territories. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2020; 16:72. [PMID: 33239037 PMCID: PMC7687702 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catalonia (in the north east of the Iberian Peninsula) is among the most prospected territories in Europe, from the ethnobotanical point of view. The aim of the present paper is to undertake a global analysis in the area considered, including plants, plant life forms, and ethnobotanical data within a physiographic and geographic framework. METHODS Data from 21 ethnobotanical prospection areas in Catalonia were collected, analyzed, and compared, with the focus on plant life forms and geographic divisions. RESULTS A total of 824 taxa constitute the Catalan ethnoflora, and 316 of them are shared by the six physiographic zones recognized in Catalonia. When three major geographic areas are considered (Pyrenean, inland, and littoral), 394 taxa have been reported in only one out of the three areas. Concerning life forms, phanerophytes and chamaephytes together, i.e., those taxa present all through the year, are the most cited (37.12%). CONCLUSIONS This first study constitutes a new approach to ethnobotanical data analysis. The results show the particular importance of plants with a large distribution area and plants with available biomass throughout the year. Apart from this, other kind of plants, e.g., those present in only one territory, are of interest for its originality and sometimes for the local significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airy Gras
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s.n., Parc de Montjuïc, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Laboratori de Botànica (UB)-Unitat associada al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació-Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Montse Parada
- Laboratori de Botànica (UB)-Unitat associada al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació-Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Vallès
- Laboratori de Botànica (UB)-Unitat associada al CSIC, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació-Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Secció de Ciències Biològiques, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Carrer del Carme 47, 08001, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teresa Garnatje
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Passeig del Migdia s.n., Parc de Montjuïc, 08038, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Zhang Y, Li JW, San MM, Whitney CW, San TT, Yang XF, Mon AM, Hein PP. The secret of health in daily cuisine: typical healthy vegetables in local markets in central Myanmar. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2020; 16:73. [PMID: 33239085 PMCID: PMC7687731 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central Myanmar is located in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, and the Bamar people are the main ethnic group, which settled there over 1000 years ago. Despite being the core region of the country, central Myanmar has been ignored in previous ethnobotanical studies. Local healthy foods and knowledge are regarded as treasures for resource development and pharmaceutical drug discovery, and market surveys are a good strategy in ethnobotanical research. Thus, we collected and documented typical vegetables and local knowledge in local markets and then analysed the diversity and local knowledge of these vegetables. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observations and interviews were used in the field study, and 10 markets and fairs were selected in central Myanmar. A total of 277 vegetable stalls or shops were visited. We compared the local knowledge we collected with selected important and typical herbal books on traditional Myanmar medicine. Quantitative analysis, including frequency of citation (FC), relative frequency of citation (RFC) and use value (UV), was used to assess the diversity and local knowledge of these vegetables. RESULTS A total of 132 plant taxa from 47 botanical families and 116 genera were collected. Most (106 taxa, 80.3%) of these vegetables were cited by the informants as functional foods that had health benefits, while others were regarded as merely "good for health". The main health function of the vegetables was treating digestive problems. Sixty-four species were recorded in selected herbal books on traditional Myanmar medicine, and forty-seven taxa were not recorded in these books but were nonetheless used as healthy vegetables by local people. Twenty-eight species of vegetables were collected from wild places. CONCLUSION The diversity and local knowledge of healthy vegetables in central Myanmar were rich. Nevertheless, the diversity of wild vegetables was seemingly relatively low. The possible reason was that we counted only the vegetables that were from entirely wild sources as "wild vegetables". The most frequently cited vegetables were commonly cultivated species, which reflects the fact that plants cultivated on a large scale comprise the major source of vegetables. Some lesser known vegetables could reflect the unique food culture of local people, but most of these were cited only a few times by the interviewees, which caused low UV and RFC rankings for them in the league table. In addition, future research should pay more attention to the food safety of these vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Myint Myint San
- Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | | | - Thae Thae San
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Aye Mya Mon
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pyae Phyo Hein
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kazancı C, Oruç S, Mosulishvili M. Medicinal ethnobotany of wild plants: a cross-cultural comparison around Georgia-Turkey border, the Western Lesser Caucasus. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2020; 16:71. [PMID: 33225956 PMCID: PMC7681977 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mountains of the Western Lesser Caucasus with its rich plant diversity, multicultural and multilingual nature host diverse ethnobotanical knowledge related to medicinal plants. However, cross-cultural medicinal ethnobotany and patterns of plant knowledge have not yet been investigated in the region. Doing so could highlight the salient medicinal plant species and show the variations between communities. This study aimed to determine and discuss the similarities and differences of medicinal ethnobotany among people living in highland pastures on both sides of the Georgia-Turkey border. METHODS During the 2017 and 2018 summer transhumance period, 119 participants (74 in Turkey, 45 in Georgia) were interviewed with semi-structured questions. The data was structured in use-reports (URs) following the ICPC classification. Cultural Importance (CI) Index, informant consensus factor (FIC), shared/separate species-use combinations, as well as literature data were used for comparing medicinal ethnobotany of the communities. RESULTS One thousand five hundred six UR for 152 native wild plant species were documented. More than half of the species are in common on both sides of the border. Out of 817 species-use combinations, only 9% of the use incidences are shared between communities across the border. Around 66% of these reports had not been previously mentioned specifically in the compared literature. Only 33 species have similar use reports in both countries, most important of which are Plantago major, Urtica dioica, Picea orientalis, Anthemis spp., Sambucus ebulus, Achillea millefolium, Helichrysum rubicundum, Mentha longifolia, Pinus sylvestris var. hamata, Hypericum perforatum, Tussilago farfara, Helichrysum plicatum, Rumex crispus, Berberis vulgaris, and Origanum vulgare. More than half of species reported in each country were found to have more than one part of the plant valued for medicinal use. The most common way of using plants medicinally in both countries is drinking the water infusion of aerial parts with flowers. Based on CI index value, two-thirds of the salient 15 genera in both countries have use reports in at least seven medicinal use categories. While the most cited category with highest FIC is digestive in Georgia, it is skin category in Turkey. Patterns of medicinal plant knowledge among studied communities appear to be connected with more than one cultural factor, in particular ethnolinguistic diversity, cultural background, and access to multilingual written folk and scientific literature, or probably a combination of various factors. CONCLUSION Considering the regions' floral similarity, common historical-cultural contact, and similar livelihood strategies of the communities, shared ethnomedicinal knowledge across the Georgia-Turkey border is quite low. Even though the impacts of accessing multilingual folk and scientific literature are likely to be significant, the factors that shape the medicinal plant knowledge patterns of the communities are shown to be variable among species, needing further research into intracultural diversity and socio-economical conditions, as well as the political history across the border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Kazancı
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili 3/5 Avenue, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Soner Oruç
- Faculty of Forestry, Forest Botany, Artvin Çoruh University, Seyitler Yerleşkesi, 08100, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Marine Mosulishvili
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili 3/5 Avenue, 0162, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Aćimović M, Zorić M, Zheljazkov VD, Pezo L, Čabarkapa I, Stanković Jeremić J, Cvetković M. Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Medicinal Plants from Eastern Serbia. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225482. [PMID: 33238598 PMCID: PMC7700605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate wild growing Satureja kitaibelii, Thymus serpyllum, Origanum vulgare, Achillea millefolium and Achillea clypeolata with respect to their essential oil (EO) content, composition and antimicrobial activity. The five species were collected at Mt. Rtanj and the village of Sesalac, Eastern Serbia. The main EO constituents of Lamiaceae plants were p-cymene (24.4%), geraniol (63.4%) and germacrene D (21.5%) in Satureja kitaibelii, Thymus serpyllum and Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare, respectively. A. millefolium EO had multiple constituents with major ones being camphor (9.8%), caryophyllene oxide (6.5%), terpinen-4-ol (6.3%) and 1,8-cineole (5.6%), while the main EO constituents of A. clypeolata were 1,8-cineole (45.1%) and camphor (18.2%). Antimicrobial testing of the EO showed that Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) was more sensitive to all of the tested EOs than Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). S. kitaibelii EO showed the highest antimicrobial activity against both tested bacterial strains. This is the first study to characterize the EO composition and antimicrobial activity of these five medicinal species from Eastern Serbia in comparison with comprehensive literature data. The results can be utilized by the perfumery, cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries, but also for healing purposes in self-medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Aćimović
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Miroslav Zorić
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Valtcho D. Zheljazkov
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Lato Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentskitrg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Čabarkapa
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Jovana Stanković Jeremić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.J.); (M.C.)
| | - Mirjana Cvetković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.J.); (M.C.)
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Liu M, Xiao H, Wu S, Yu Q, Li P. Aptamer-based high-throughput screening model for medicinal plant drugs against SGIV. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:1479-1482. [PMID: 32882748 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Siting Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
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Dassou GH, Ouachinou JMAS, Adomou AC, Yédomonhan H, Tossou M, Favi A, Djidohokpin D, Gbèdolo E, Akoègninou A. Plant and natural product based homemade remedies for veterinary uses by the Peul community in Benin. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113107. [PMID: 32535240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Across Africa, Peul community typically rely on plant-based veterinary knowledge to manage common livestock health problems. Unfortunately, their nomadic life-style being affected by conflicts, land tenure constraints, and drought, they have been shifting to a sedentary life. The process of their settlement led to the erosion of the vast ethnoveterinary skills they had acquired over centuries and forced them to replace the plant and other species they used by commercial products. AIM OF THE STUDY 1) To collect comprehensive data from the Benin Peul community on common plant-based remedies used to treat livestock diseases and document their preparation and administration. 2) To evaluate the differences and consensus among the Peul community across ecological regions in Benin. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews among 88 Peul camps, three (03) bioclimatic zones, and 225 transhumant dialog partners, including agro-pastoralists, healers and pastoralists from mid-July to end of December 2015. Detailed information about homemade herbal remedies (plant species, plant part, manufacturing process) and the corresponding use reports (target animal species, category of use and route of administration) was collected. RESULTS A total of 418 homemade remedies were reported, of which 235 involved only one plant species (Homemade Single Species Herbal Remedy Reports; HSHR). Information on a total of 310 use reports (UR) were mentioned for the 235 HSHR, and they included 116 plant species belonging to 39 botanical families. Among them, 229 UR were indicated for cattle, 43 UR for poultry, and 38 UR for sheep and goats. The most cited plant species were Khaya senegalensis (19 HSHR; 8.08%), Parkia biglobosa (14 HSHR; 5.95%), Euphorbia unispina (11 HSHR; 4.68%), and Anogeissus leiocarpus (6 HSHR; 2.55%). The URs were indicated for the treatment of viral, parasitic and bacterial diseases but also for multifactorial disorders like diarrhoea, fever, threatened abortion, agalactia etc. The number of plants referred to HSHR decreased from Sudanian to Guineo-congolian zones in concordance with the presence of Peuls. CONCLUSION The Peul community holds a huge ethnoveterinary knowledge, which needs to be documented, valorised, and promoted. It appears vital to assess phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the most reported species, and their availability across the ecological zones in order to ensure their sustainable use and before this indigenous knowledge disappears completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hospice Dassou
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin.
| | - Jéronime M-A S Ouachinou
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Aristide C Adomou
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Hounnankpon Yédomonhan
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Monique Tossou
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Abraham Favi
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Donald Djidohokpin
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Eutiche Gbèdolo
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
| | - Akpovi Akoègninou
- Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Bénin
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Matejić JS, Stefanović N, Ivković M, Živanović N, Marin PD, Džamić AM. Traditional uses of autochthonous medicinal and ritual plants and other remedies for health in Eastern and South-Eastern Serbia. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113186. [PMID: 32730888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE River and mountain regions in Eastern and South-Eastern Serbia are geographically interesting and, historically they represent an important resource of plants used as food, spices and as remedies for treating many diseases. Different cultures have lived in these regions for ages. They have used wild plants and the methods of their preparation and application, which has remained throughout the history and now is passed on from generation to generation. The aim of the study is a survey of herbal drug uses for the specific ailment categories and their comparison between the two research regions. METHODS Semi-structured anonymous ethnobotanical interviews were conducted. The interviews took place in the River Timok region and Mountain Svrljig region as they make two of the most interesting centers of plant biodiversity. Volunteers in the Timok region were 64 median age and in the Svrljig region - 73 median age. People were interviewed about the local names of plants, the preparation process and about which disease the plants were used for. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 161 Respondents from 10 Timok and 10 Svrljig municipality villages were interviewed and 2199 use-reports were recorded. The results of the ethnobotanical research showed 195 plant taxa from the Timok and Svrljig regions. In the Timok region, the recorded species were classified into 47 families and in the Svrljig region they were classified into 64 families. Out of 195 taxa used for medicinal purposes, only 52 species are also included in the European Pharmacopoeia 9.0. The most commonly used plants in Timok region were Hypericum spp., Matricaria chamomilla, Mentha x piperita, Urtica dioica, Juglans regia, while the residents of Svrljig region most frequently used Satureja montana, Sambucus nigra, Polygonum aviculare, Marrubium vulgare and Teucrium chamaedrys. Different statistical analyzes showed that Vlachs used more medical specimens per person than Serbs in the Timok region. The study demonstrated that female informants treated more body organs with medical species per person than male informants. There was a significant difference between the male and female respondents of the Svrljig region in terms of organ systems for which they used certain plant species. CONCLUSION The ethnopharmacological study showed a great importance of medicinal plants in the daily life of local communities. According to the analysis, it can be concluded that the village population of the Timok and Svrljig regions use medicinal plants to treat digestive tract problems rather than seeking professional medical attention in health facilities. The aerial part and rhizome of Elymus repens are used for digestive problems in both the Timok and Svrljig regions, and the use of this plant in for the treatment of digestive tract problems is not mentioned in the similar studies conducted in the Balkan region. Also, it can be observed that the population of the two different regions mainly use different herbal drugs to treat the same systems. The reason for that is the availability of certain plants that grow in the two different areas - river and mountain area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena S Matejić
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar Dr Zorana Đinđića 81, Niš, Serbia.
| | - Nikola Stefanović
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar Dr Zorana Đinđića 81, Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Ivković
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar Dr Zorana Đinđića 81, Niš, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Živanović
- University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar Dr Zorana Đinđića 81, Niš, Serbia
| | - Petar D Marin
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Studentski Trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana M Džamić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Studentski Trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Amjad MS, Zahoor U, Bussmann RW, Altaf M, Gardazi SMH, Abbasi AM. Ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal flora of Harighal, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2020; 16:65. [PMID: 33109243 PMCID: PMC7590686 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study is the first quantitative ethnobotanical evaluation of Harighal, an inaccessible and unexplored area of District Bagh Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK). The exploration, quantification, and comparison of ethnobotanical knowledge among different rural communities of the study area were mainly focused during field survey. METHODOLOGY In total, 79 informants (49 men and 34 women) were selected randomly to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire. Various quantitative indices, including use value, relative frequency of citation, relative importance, fidelity level, and informant consent factor, were employed to evaluate the gathered information. Furthermore, primary data were also compared with twenty-two papers published from adjoining areas. RESULT A total of 150 medicinal plants belonging to 98 genera and 60 families were documented. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rosaceae were the dominant families having 15 species each. Of these, 76 species were indigenous, 74 exotic, 136 were collected in the wild, 10 cultivated, and 4 both wild-collected and cultivated. Herbaceous taxa were the most used life form, and leaves were the most exploited plant part. Decoctions were the most preferred method used in preparation of herbal recipes. Three species viz. Mentha longifolia, Berberis lycium, and Galium aparine had the highest use value (1.05), relative frequency of citation (0.81), and relative importance value (96), respectively. The highest informant consensus factor (ICF) was reported for digestive disorders. Mentha longifolia, Punica granatum, Zanthoxylum alatum, and Olea ferruginea had 100% fidelity values. The Jaccard index revealed that uses of plants were more similar in two neighboring areas, i.e., Pearl Valley and Toli Peer. CONCLUSION Local inhabitants still prioritize herbal medicines as an effective way to treat a wide variety of ailments. Elders and health practitioners of the study area are well aware of indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants, but young people are not much interested in herbal practices. Thus, valuable knowledge about the use of plants is on the verge of decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Amjad
- Department of Botany, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, 12500, Pakistan.
| | - Ujala Zahoor
- Department of Botany, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, 12500, Pakistan
| | - Rainer W Bussmann
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Muhammad Altaf
- Department of Zoology, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, 12500, Pakistan
| | | | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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Novotna B, Polesny Z, Pinto-Basto MF, Van Damme P, Pudil P, Mazancova J, Duarte MC. Medicinal plants used by 'root doctors', local traditional healers in Bié province, Angola. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 260:112662. [PMID: 32147477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This study is one of the first post-civil war efforts to document traditional botanical knowledge in Bié province, central Angola, in a first step to bring more studies on the use of medicinal plant resources in this area so as to bring new insights into Angolan bio-cultural diversity. AIM OF THE STUDY Examine the variety of plant species used for medical purposes, as well as characterize their social and cultural values. Also, it is aimed to compare their uses in the studied region with those in Sub-Saharan Africa and report new ethnomedicinal uses. MATERIALS AND METHODS We documented traditional medicinal plant knowledge among professional herbalists in two areas in Bié province through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews and transect walks. Ethnobotanical information was quantified based on Use Reports to (1) rate traditional knowledge; and (2) determine most useful taxa. RESULTS In total, 10 traditional healers shared information on their knowledge. A total of 87 plant species distributed among 57 genera and 36 botanical families were documented with Fabaceae being the best-represented family with 18 species, followed by Phyllanthaceae (6), Apocynaceae (5), Asteraceae (5), Rubiaceae (5), Lamiaceae (4), and Ochnaceae (3). Most medicinal plants are usually gathered at a distance from human settlements because of the belief in the higher efficacy of 'wild' plants shared by all herbalists. Roots are the most common plant part used (79%), explaining why the consulted herbalists call themselves 'root doctors'. CONCLUSIONS The culturally most important medicinal species identified in this study, i.e. Securidaca longepedunculata, Garcinia huillensis, Annona stenophylla, Afzelia quanzensis and Strychnos cocculoides, were previously reported for the same use in neighbouring countries and elsewhere in Africa. Our study also indicates that there are several locally valuable species that have not yet been studied for their medical potential, to name a few: Alvesia rosmarinifolia, Diplorhynchus condylocarpon, Eriosema affine, Paropsia brazzaeana, Rhus squalida, Sclerocroton cornutus or Xylopia tomentosa. Moreover, the ethnomedicinal use of 26 species was reported for the first time to sub-Saharan Africa. CLASSIFICATION Ethnopharmacological field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Novotna
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic; Department of General Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, Charles University, U Kříže 8, 158 00, Praha 5, Jinonice, Czech Republic.
| | - Zbynek Polesny
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Patrick Van Damme
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Agronomy and Ethnobotany, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Petr Pudil
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Mazancova
- Department of Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| | - Maria Cristina Duarte
- CE3C - Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Ribeiro Neto JA, Pimenta Tarôco BR, Batista Dos Santos H, Thomé RG, Wolfram E, Maciel de A Ribeiro RI. Using the plants of Brazilian Cerrado for wound healing: From traditional use to scientific approach. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 260:112547. [PMID: 31917276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Brazilian Cerrado is a biome with a remarkable diversity of plant species, many of which are used mainly by local communities as a source of treatment to several pathologic processes, especially for the treatment of wounds. However, no systematic review exists focusing on the plants used in this respect and on the appropriate pharmacological investigations that substantiate the actions that are reported. This study revisits the traditional use of medicinal plants from the Brazilian Cerrado in the treatment of wounds and the pharmacological characteristics of the reported plant species. METHOD ology: For the present article, previous studies on plants of the Brazilian Cerrado used for wound healing carried out between 1996 and 2018 were researched on various academic databases (PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Lilacs, Google Escolar, and Scielo). RESULTS A total of 33 studies were carried out on 29 plant species distributed into 18 families, mainly Fabaceae or Leguminosae (9), Bignoniaceae (2), Asteraceae (2), Euphorbiaceae (2). Considering the great diversity of Cerrado plants, only a small number of wound healing studies were carried out between 1996 and 2018. It was observed that there is a large gap between experimentation assay and traditional use. There are only few connections between the form of use by the population and the experiments conducted in the laboratory. We found that only about 12% of these studies considered to use the methodologies, or at least in parts, to obtain extracts such as those used in folk medicine. Approximately 37% of the experiments were performed using the bark as well as the same ratio for leaves, 6% using the fruits, and 9% using the seeds, roots or flowers. In several studies, there are reports of chemical constituents such as flavonoids and tannins, followed by steroid terpenes, saponins, and fatty acids, and alkaloids. However, approximately 35% of the studies did not supply information about compounds present in the preparation or the effect which could be attributed to these agents in respect to wound healing. Regarding treatment, most of the studies employed a topical treatment, though intraperitoneal and oral treatment were also described using either topical, oil-based formulations, but also gel- or saline-based formulations. CONCLUSIONS Although, there has been an increase in knowledge about the biological actions of plants from Cerrado biome, the scientific basis for the traditional use of these local medicinal plants in wound healing does not provide sufficient information on the efficacy of the treatment, the molecular mechanisms, or, in particular, the effective doses used and the drug interactions. Thus, focused research investigating these hypotheses from traditional knowledge is necessary to prove the evidence of the potential pharmacological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antônio Ribeiro Neto
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Renata Pimenta Tarôco
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Hélio Batista Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ralph Gruppi Thomé
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management (ZHAW), CH-8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Rosy Iara Maciel de A Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
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Amna R, Sobia K, Tariq M. Phytochemical investigation of medicinally important plants of the Pothohar region of Pakistan. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2020; 40:883-890. [PMID: 33000591 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the phytochemical composition (flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids) and biological activities (antioxidant, phytotoxic, cytotoxic, antifungal activities) of medicinally important plants of Pothohar region. METHODS In the current study various qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests were conducted to investigate the phytochemical composition of plant extracts prepared in benzene, chloroform and methanol. The same extracts were further utilized in different biological activities i.e., antioxidant [total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay], phytotoxicity (Radish seed bioassay), brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antifungal activities (against four pathogenic fungal strains). RESULTS Phytochemical analysis indicate flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were present in almost all plants however, maximum amount of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was reported in of Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum. Extracts of Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum also depicted the superlative antioxidant activity (total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and DPPH scavenging activity). Maximum fungal growth inhibition was demonstrated by extracts of Centaurea calcitropa, Vicia sativa and Malva parviflora. The maximum cytotoxicity was shown by the extracts of Centaurea calcitropa. Moreover, for phytotoxicity assay the highest allelopathic potential was exhibited by extracts of Lepidium pinnatifidum. Solvents prejudiced results; the best results were obtained by Methanol followed by Chloroform and Benzene. CONCLUSION Centaurea calcitropa, Vicia sativa, Malva parviflora and Lepidium pinnatifidum are most promising medicinal plants of Pothohar region for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Amna
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Sobia
- Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Sub-Campus Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
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