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Lin Y, Wang SP, Zhang JY, Zhuo ZY, Li XR, Zhai CJ, Li XX, Qi FH, Ding X, Chen CY, Zhou J, Li J, Liu Q, Qiu LL, Zhang YQ. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Gaomi, China. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 265:113228. [PMID: 32777517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The uses of medicinal plants have a long history and become one of the important sources of the health cares in Gaomi City, Shandong Province, China. However, limited studies have been done to identify these medicinal plant species and to scientifically document their associated traditional knowledge. Many species used by indigenous people could potentially represent a novel resource of medicine. The study can aid in further investigations of modern pharmacology and planning of the wild species conservation. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate and record the medicinal plant taxa and their associated traditional knowledge in Gaomi City, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field study was conducted from March 2018 to May 2019 with 184 residents of Gaomi City. Traditional medicinal plant specimens were collected from the field with the help of these residents and were identified and authenticated in the Herbarium of the School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University. Ethnobotanical knowledge was collected by semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed by using the informant consensus factor (ICF) method and the number of citations. RESULTS A total of 181 species belonging to 137 genera and 65 families were collected in Gaomi City. Asteraceae was the predominant family and Fabaceae took the second place. River basins and the southern hills in Gaomi were rich in vegetation. However, the cultivated area of medicinal plants only accounted for 10% of agricultural acreage. The main preparation method was decocting (170, 94.48%) and the most frequent mode of administration was oral (177, 97.97%). The highest numerical ICF value was recorded for treating endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional (ICF: 0.85) conditions. Seven of the medicinal plant species used by the people in Gaomi have not been reported previously in China. Verbena officinalis L. was found in Gaomi City, which is a new distribution record for this species. CONCLUSIONS People in Gaomi hold valuable knowledge about the use of medicinal plants; however, their knowledge has not been comprehensively documented. The therapeutic uses of the documented medicinal plants will provide a basis for further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations. Additionally, the result of this study indicated that the elder people in Gaomi have more traditional knowledge of plant medicines than the younger ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yuan Zhuo
- Gaomi Maternity and Child Health hospital, Gaomi, 261500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rou Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Jia Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Qiu
- Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, 257034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China.
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Wang L, Zhang JH, Liu C, Li M, Qi FH. Breather transition dynamics, Peregrine combs and walls, and modulation instability in a variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equation with higher-order effects. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:062217. [PMID: 27415265 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.062217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We study a variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger (vc-NLS) equation with higher-order effects. We show that the breather solution can be converted into four types of nonlinear waves on constant backgrounds including the multipeak solitons, antidark soliton, periodic wave, and W-shaped soliton. In particular, the transition condition requiring the group velocity dispersion (GVD) and third-order dispersion (TOD) to scale linearly is obtained analytically. We display several kinds of elastic interactions between the transformed nonlinear waves. We discuss the dispersion management of the multipeak soliton, which indicates that the GVD coefficient controls the number of peaks of the wave while the TOD coefficient has compression effect. The gain or loss has influence on the amplitudes of the multipeak soliton. We further derive the breather multiple births and Peregrine combs by using multiple compression points of Akhmediev breathers and Peregrine rogue waves in optical fiber systems with periodic GVD modulation. In particular, we demonstrate that the Peregrine comb can be converted into a Peregrine wall by the proper choice of the amplitude of the periodic GVD modulation. The Peregrine wall can be seen as an intermediate state between rogue waves and W-shaped solitons. We finally find that the modulational stability regions with zero growth rate coincide with the transition condition using rogue wave eigenvalues. Our results could be useful for the experimental control and manipulation of the formation of generalized Peregrine rogue waves in diverse physical systems modeled by vc-NLS equation with higher-order effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hui Zhang
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engneering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Qi
- School of Information, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Zhang JH, Wang ZQ, Liu C, Li M, Qi FH, Guo R. Breather-to-soliton transitions, nonlinear wave interactions, and modulational instability in a higher-order generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:012214. [PMID: 26871080 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.012214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We study the nonlinear waves on constant backgrounds of the higher-order generalized nonlinear Schrödinger (HGNLS) equation describing the propagation of ultrashort optical pulse in optical fibers. We derive the breather, rogue wave, and semirational solutions of the HGNLS equation. Our results show that these three types of solutions can be converted into the nonpulsating soliton solutions. In particular, we present the explicit conditions for the transitions between breathers and solitons with different structures. Further, we investigate the characteristics of the collisions between the soliton and breathers. Especially, based on the semirational solutions of the HGNLS equation, we display the novel interactions between the rogue waves and other nonlinear waves. In addition, we reveal the explicit relation between the transition and the distribution characteristics of the modulation instability growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Zhang
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engneering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Qi Wang
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engneering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Chong Liu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Qi
- School of Information, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Mathematics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China
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Wang L, Zhu YJ, Qi FH, Li M, Guo R. Modulational instability, higher-order localized wave structures, and nonlinear wave interactions for a nonautonomous Lenells-Fokas equation in inhomogeneous fibers. Chaos 2015; 25:063111. [PMID: 26117105 DOI: 10.1063/1.4922025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the nonautonomous Lenells-Fokas (LF) model is investigated. The modulational instability analysis of the solutions with variable coefficients in the presence of a small perturbation is studied. Higher-order soliton, breather, earthwormon, and rogue wave solutions of the nonautonomous LF model are derived via the n-fold variable-coefficient Darboux transformation. The solitons and earthwormons display the elastic collisions. It is found that the nonautonomous LF model admits the higher-order periodic rogue waves, composite rogue waves (rogue wave pair), and oscillating rogue waves, whose dynamics can be controlled by the inhomogeneous nonlinear parameters. Based on the second-order rogue wave, a diamond structure consisting of four first-order rogue waves is observed. In addition, the semirational solutions (the mixed rational-exponential solutions) of the nonautonomous LF model are obtained, which can be used to describe the interactions between the rogue waves and breathers. Our results could be helpful for the design of experiments in the optical fiber communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhu
- Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Hua Qi
- School of Information, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing 101149, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Mathematics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
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Qi FH, Wang ZX, Cai PP, Zhao L, Gao JJ, Kokudo N, Li AY, Han JQ, Tang W. Traditional Chinese medicine and related active compounds: a review of their role on hepatitis B virus infection. Drug Discov Ther 2014; 7:212-24. [PMID: 24423652 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2013.v7.6.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Since the significant public health hazard of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and obvious drug resistance and dose-dependent side effects for common antiviral agents (e.g., interferon α, lamivudine, and adefovir), continuous development of agents to treat HBV infection is urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an established segment of the health care system in China. Currently, it is widely used for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China and many parts of the world. Over a long period of time in clinical practice and in basic research progress, the effectiveness and beneficial contribution of TCM on CHB have been gradually known and confirmed. Based upon our review of related papers and because of our prior knowledge and experience, we have selected some Chinese medicines, including Chinese herbal formulas (e.g., Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang, Xiao-Yao-San, and Long-Dan-Xie-Gan-Tang), single herbs (e.g., Phyllanthus niruri, Radix astragali, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rheum palmatum, and Salvia miltiorrhiza) and related active compounds (e.g., wogonin, artesunate, saikosaponin, astragaloside IV, and chrysophanol 8-O-beta-Dglucoside) and Chinese medicine preparations (e.g., silymarin, silibinin, kushenin, and cinobufacini), which seem effective and worthy of additional and indepth study in treating CHB, and we have given them a brief review. We conclude that these Chinese herbal medicines exhibit significant anti-HBV activities with improved liver function, and enhanced HBeAg and HBsAg sero-conversion rates as well as HBV DNA clearance rates in HepG2 2.2.15 cells, DHBV models, or patients with CHB. We hope this review will contribute to an understanding of TCM and related active compounds as an effective treatment for CHB and provide useful information for the development of more effective antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
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Gao JJ, Song PP, Tamura S, Hasegawa K, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N, Uchida K, Orii R, Qi FH, Dong JH, Tang W. Standardization of perioperative management on hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery. Drug Discov Ther 2012; 6:108-111. [PMID: 22622021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Japan-China Joint Medical Workshop (2012) on standardization of perioperative management on hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery was held by the Center for Medical Standards Research, IRCA-BSSA Group in Japan on April 15-16, 2012. Experts in the fields of surgery, anesthesia, pharmacy, and public health from 21 health institutions from Japan and China presented their research achievements and shared their medical experience of perioperative management on hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery, which should facilitate building of guidelines for hepatocellular carcinoma and be expected to promote standardized management of liver cancer in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Gao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Gao JJ, Song PP, Qi FH, Kokudo N, Qu XJ, Tang W. Evidence-based research on traditional Japanese medicine, Kampo, in treatment of gastrointestinal cancer in Japan. Drug Discov Ther 2012; 6:1-8. [PMID: 22460422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is a great threat to human health in Japan. Conventional anticancer therapies including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are the main strategies and play important roles in curing this disease or extending the life of patients with these cancers. On the other hand, patients undergo great suffering induced by these treatments. Kampo, the Japanese traditional medicine, has been used in clinics to reduce side effects and to improve the quality of life of gastrointestinal cancer patients in Japan. In order to testify to the efficacy and safety of these Kampo medicines and to clarify the underlying mechanisms, a number of clinical and basic studies were implemented in the past several decades. These studies suggested the benefits of Kampo medicine as an adjuvant to conventional anti-cancer therapies in treating gastrointestinal cancer. Since the safety and efficacy as well as quality control of traditional medicine have long been focused worldwide, the development course of Kampo medicine may provide reference to other countries in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Gao
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Qi FH, Li AY, Lv H, Zhao L, Li JJ, Gao B, Tang W. Apoptosis-inducing effect of cinobufacini, Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor skin extract, on human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402. Drug Discov Ther 2008; 2:339-343. [PMID: 22504743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cinobufacini, a water-soluble preparation of Chinese medicine, is extracted from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor. The present study sought to investigate the effects of Cinobufacini on apoptosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7402. Cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Cell morphology was observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Western blotting analysis was used to detect Bax and Bcl-2 expression. Results indicated that Cinobufacini inhibited the proliferation of BEL-7402 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Marked morphological changes indicative of apoptosis were observed after treatment with different concentrations of Cinobufacini. Western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated while Bax expression was upregulated. Thus, Cinobufacini may have a significant apoptosis-inducing effect on BEL-7402 cells, and this could prove useful for further anti-cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Qi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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