1
|
Clochard J, Jerz G, Schmieder P, Mitdank H, Tröger M, Sama S, Weng A. A new acetylated triterpene saponin from Agrostemma githago L. modulates gene delivery efficiently and shows a high cellular tolerance. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119822. [PMID: 32861772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transfection is the process to deliver nucleic acid into eukaryotic cells. Different transfection techniques already exist. However, they can be expensive and toxic toward subjected cells. Previous research shed light on natural occurring molecules called triterpene saponins that have great potential for the non-viral gene delivery. Using a combination of different chromatographic techniques and in vitro transfection bioassays, a new triterpenoid saponin (agrostemmoside E) from the plant Agrostemma githago L. was isolated. Agrostemmoside E was characterized by mass spectrometry, intense NMR spectroscopy and was identified as 3-{O-ß-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1→2)]-[ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-ß-D-glucuronopyranosyl} quillaic acid 28-O-{[ß-D-4,6-di-(O-acetyl)-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-[ß-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)}-[3,4-di-(O-acetyl)-ß-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1→4)]-ß-D-fucopyranoside ester. Agrostemmoside E has a great potential for delivery of gene loaded nanoplexes and increased the transfection efficiency by 70% compared to 2% without agrostemmoside E. By comparative toxicity studies, we show that agrostemmoside E can be applied at high concentrations without toxicity, justifying its use as a new tool for gene transfections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Clochard
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitz-Str. 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Schmieder
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Str., 1013125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hardy Mitdank
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Tröger
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simko Sama
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander Weng
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
An unusual type I ribosome-inactivating protein from Agrostemma githago L. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15377. [PMID: 32958800 PMCID: PMC7506001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrostemma githago L. (corn cockle) is an herbaceous plant mainly growing in Europe. The seeds of the corn cockle are toxic and poisonings were widespread in the past by consuming contaminated flour. The toxic principle of Agrostemma seeds was attributed to triterpenoid secondary metabolites. Indeed, this is in part true. However Agrostemma githago L. is also a producer of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs). RIPs are N-glycosylases that inactivate the ribosomal RNA, a process leading to an irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis and subsequent cell death. A widely known RIP is ricin from Ricinus communis L., which was used as a bioweapon in the past. In this study we isolated agrostin, a 27 kDa RIP from the seeds of Agrostemma githago L., and determined its full sequence. The toxicity of native agrostin was investigated by impedance-based live cell imaging. By RNAseq we identified 7 additional RIPs (agrostins) in the transcriptome of the corn cockle. Agrostin was recombinantly expressed in E. coli and characterized by MALDI-TOF–MS and adenine releasing assay. This study provides for the first time a comprehensive analysis of ribosome-inactivating proteins in the corn cockle and complements the current knowledge about the toxic principles of the plant.
Collapse
|
3
|
Structure–activity relationships of saponins enhancing the cytotoxicity of ribosome-inactivating proteins type I (RIP-I). Toxicon 2013; 73:144-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
4
|
Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L, Gevrenova R, Borie N, Harakat D, Sayagh C, Weng A, Thakur M, Zaharieva M, Henry M. Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Gypsophila trichotoma Wender. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 90:114-127. [PMID: 23561300 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Eleven triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila trichotoma Wender. (G. trichotoma Wender. var. trichotoma) (Caryophyllaceae), together with one known compound. The structures were established on the basis of extensive NMR analysis ((1)H, (13)C NMR, COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC), completed by analysis of HR-ESI-MS and ESI-MS(n). The saponins have the commonly found gypsogenin as the aglycone substituted at C-3 with trisaccharide and at C-28 with oligosaccharide through a fucose residue, as saponins isolated from Gypsophila perfoliata L. originated from China. The oligosaccharide attached to C-28 is substituted with acetyl and (or) sulfate groups. Тhe cytotoxicity of the saponin extract from G. trichotoma was evaluated against a rat alveolar macrophage-like cell line NR8383 and human leukemia cell lines U937 and BV-173. The synergistic effect of the aminoacyl saponins, previously isolated from G. trichotoma, was tested for its ability to enhance the cytotoxicity of the targeted toxin in HER14 cells.
Collapse
|
5
|
Dinda B, Debnath S, Mohanta BC, Harigaya Y. Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2327-580. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
6
|
Koz O, Bedir E, Masullo M, Alankus-Caliskan O, Piacente S. Triterpene glycosides from Agrostemma gracilis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:663-668. [PMID: 20056261 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Four triterpene saponins, agrostemmosides A-D were isolated from the methanol extract of Agrostemma gracilis. The structures of the compounds were determined as 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyloleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyloleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosylechinocystic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosylechinocystic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, and mass spectrometry. To the best of our knowledge this is the first phytochemical report on A. gracilis, and echinocystic acid saponins were encountered for the first time in Caryophyllaceae family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Koz
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Avci G, Kupeli E, Eryavuz A, Yesilada E, Kucukkurt I. Antihypercholesterolaemic and antioxidant activity assessment of some plants used as remedy in Turkish folk medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 107:418-23. [PMID: 16713156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Revised: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethanolic and aqueous extracts from five plant species used in Turkish traditional medicine were evaluated for in vivo hypercholesterolaemic and antioxidant activities: Agrostemma githago L., Potentilla reptans L., Thymbra spicata var. spicata L., Urtica dioica L. and Viscum album var. album L. We assayed the effects of the administration of plant extracts on serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, glucose, AST and ALT concentrations in mice fed with cholesterol-rich diet. In addition, plasma TAA, MDA and NO(x) levels in the same animals were assayed. All the aqueous plant extracts did not affect the serum cholesterol concentration. However, the ethanolic extracts of Agrostemma githago, Thymbra spicata and Viscum album decreased the serum cholesterol concentration in the mice fed with high-cholesterol diet without inducing any gastric damage. The ethanolic extracts of Thymbra spicata, Viscum album, Potentilla reptans and Urtica dioica and the aqueous extract of Agrostemma githago increased the serum HDL concentration, whereas the ethanolic extracts of Agrostemma githago, Thymbra spicata, Viscum album and Urtica dioica decreased the serum LDL-C concentration. Thymbra spicata and Viscum album were observed to decrease the serum triglyceride concentration. Among the plant extracts studied, the ethanolic extracts of Thymbra spicata significantly decreased the MDA level in mice. The ethanolic extract of Potentilla reptans increased in NO(x). None of these plants showed statistically prominent activity on plasma TAA. Results of the present study indicated that the ethanolic extracts of Agrostemma githago, Thymbra spicata and Viscum album showed potent hypocholesterolaemic activity in the mice fed with a diet containing high-cholesterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulcan Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Triterpenoid saponins from Caryophyllaceae family. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(02)80004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
|
9
|
Gaidi G, Miyamoto T, Lacaille-Dubois MA. Junceosides A-C, new triterpene saponins from Arenaria juncea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:1533-1537. [PMID: 11754605 DOI: 10.1021/np010353r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three novel triterpenoid saponins, junceosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), together with two known saponins have been isolated from the roots of Arenaria juncea. Their structures were elucidated using a combination of homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR techniques (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) and by FABMS. The new compounds were characterized as 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside (2), and 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside (3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gaidi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Unité de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, JE 2244, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Bourgogne, 7, Bd Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gaidi G, Miyamoto T, Rustaiyan A, Lacaille-Dubois MA. Three new acylated triterpene saponins from Acanthophyllum squarrosum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2001; 64:920-924. [PMID: 11473424 DOI: 10.1021/np010002c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new triterpenoid saponins, 1-3, were isolated from the roots of Acanthophyllum squarrosum. Their structures were established mainly by 2D NMR techniques as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-gypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-3-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3,4-di-O-acetyl-beta-D-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-gypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[5-O-acetyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)]-4-O-acetyl-beta-D-fucopyranoside (2), and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-quillaic acid-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gaidi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Unité MIB, JE 2244, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Bourgogne, 7, Bd. Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon, Cedex France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gaidi G, Miyamoto T, Rustaiyan A, Laurens V, Lacaille-Dubois MA. Two new biologically active triterpene saponins from Acanthophyllum squarrosum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:1497-1502. [PMID: 11087591 DOI: 10.1021/np000212+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two novel triterpenoid saponins (1 and 2) have been isolated from the roots of Acanthophyllum squarrosum. The structures were established mainly by a combination of 2D NMR techniques as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-be ta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3 )-b eta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside (1) and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1-- >2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6 )]- beta-D-glucopyranoside (2). Compound 1 showed a moderate concentration-dependent immunomodulatory effect in an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gaidi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Unité MIB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Bourgogne, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Glensk M, Wray V, Nimtz M, Schöpke T. Silenosides A-C, triterpenoid saponins from Silene vulgaris. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 1999; 62:717-721. [PMID: 10346953 DOI: 10.1021/np980505r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three new triterpenoid saponins named silenosides A-C (1-3) were obtained from the roots of Silene vulgaris. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods as beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-3beta- hydrox y-23-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->4)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside; 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-3beta , 16alpha-dihydroxy-23-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)]-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside; and 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->3)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->2 )]- beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-3beta, 16alpha-dihydroxy-23-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)]-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Glensk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Wroclaw University of Medicine, pl. Nankiera 1, Pl-50-140 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|