1
|
Zhou L, Liang W, He Y, Duan Y, Rhodes RE, Lippke S, Baker JS, Liang Y, Han L, Liu WX, Liu Q. A school-family blended multi-component physical activity program for Fundamental Motor Skills Promotion Program for Obese Children (FMSPPOC): protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:369. [PMID: 36803486 PMCID: PMC9942318 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamental motor skills (FMSs) are crucial for children's health and comprehensive development. Obese children often encounter a considerable challenge in the development of FMSs. School-family blended PA programs are considered a potentially effective approach to improve FMSs and health-related outcomes among obese children, however, empirical evidence is still limited. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a 24-week school-family blended multi-component PA intervention program for promoting FMSs and health among Chinese obese children, namely the Fundamental Motor Skills Promotion Program for Obese Children (FMSPPOC) employing behavioral change techniques (BCTs) and building on the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework as well as using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework for improving and evaluating the program. METHODS Using a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT), 168 Chinese obese children (8-12 years) from 24 classes of six primary schools will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups by a cluster randomization, including a 24-week FMSPPOC intervention group and a non-treatment waiting-list control group. The FMSPPOC program includes a 12-week initiation phase and a 12-week maintenance phase. School-based PA training sessions (2 sessions/week, 90 min each session) and family-based PA assignments (at least three times per week, 30 min each time) will be implemented in the initiation phase (semester time), while three 60-min offline workshops and three 60-min online webinars will be conducted in the maintenance phase (summer holiday). The implementation evaluation will be undertaken according to the RE-AIM framework. For intervention effectiveness evaluation, primary outcome (FMSs: gross motor skills, manual dexterity and balance) and secondary outcomes (health behaviors, physical fitness, perceived motor competence, perceived well-being, M-PAC components, anthropometric and body composition measures) will be collected at four time-points: at baseline, 12-week mid-intervention, 24-week post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up occasions. DISCUSSION The FMSPPOC program will provide new insights into the design, implementation, and evaluation of FMSs promotion among obese children. The research findings will also supplement empirical evidence, understanding of potential mechanisms, and practical experience for future research, health services, and policymaking. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; ChiCTR2200066143; 25 Nov 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liang
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China ,grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yuxiu He
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanping Duan
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan E. Rhodes
- grid.143640.40000 0004 1936 9465School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Sonia Lippke
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Constructor University Bremen (formerly known as Jacobs University Bremen), Bremen, Germany
| | - Julien S. Baker
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health; Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Liang
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Han
- Shenzhen Sports School, Shenzhen, China ,grid.419993.f0000 0004 1799 6254The Education University of Hong Kong, Ting Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Xin Liu
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China ,Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Hebei, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cabral MD, Patel DR, Greydanus DE, Deleon J, Hudson E, Darweesh S. Medical perspectives on pediatric sports medicine–Selective topics. Dis Mon 2022; 68:101327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
3
|
Gait Pattern, Impact to the Skeleton and Postural Balance in Overweight and Obese Children: A Review. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:sports6030075. [PMID: 30065150 PMCID: PMC6162717 DOI: 10.3390/sports6030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The article reviews the biomechanical factors that may cause overweight/obese children to reduce their level of physical activity, while increasing their risk of overuse injuries and exercise-related pain. Recommendations would be to screen those children for any gait or postural impairments before they join any exercise program, and to provide them with specific gait treatments and/or physical exercise programs, in order to decrease their risk for future musculoskeletal injuries and pain.
Collapse
|
4
|
Han A, Fu A, Cobley S, Sanders RH. Effectiveness of exercise intervention on improving fundamental movement skills and motor coordination in overweight/obese children and adolescents: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 21:89-102. [PMID: 28728887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood obesity is negatively associated with fundamental movement skill and motor coordination, which in turn constrains physical activity participation and adherence thereby forming a 'vicious cycle'. However, developing motor skill and coordination in childhood could help to break the vicious cycle to reduce childhood obesity. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of exercise and physical activity interventions on improving fundamental movement skill and motor coordination in overweight/obese children and adolescents. DESIGN A systematic review with quality assessment. METHODS A comprehensive systematic search was conducted from MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE without date restriction for randomized control trials, interventions or longitudinal studies of movement skill/motor skill/motor coordination in overweight/obese participants between 0-18 years of age. A total of 3944 publications were screened, and 17 published studies were included. RESULTS Altogether 38 tests for locomotor, object-control, balance and complex task tests were examined in selected studies, with 33 reporting increases after interventions, while only five tests indicated no change. The evidence strongly suggests that exercise/physical activity interventions were effective in improving locomotor skill, object-control skill and complex tasks in overweight/obese peers. However, the results for balance were equivocal. CONCLUSIONS Results from existing studies suggest overweight/obese peers have lower levels of fundamental movement skill than their healthy weight peers. However, exercise/physical activity interventions are effective in improving their skills. To maximize skill improvement, we recommend focused fundamental movement skill and motor coordination activities for skill development. These progressions in interventions may help break the vicious cycle of childhood obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Han
- Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Allan Fu
- Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Cobley
- Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross H Sanders
- Exercise & Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Santana CCA, Azevedo LB, Cattuzzo MT, Hill JO, Andrade LP, Prado WL. Physical fitness and academic performance in youth: A systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:579-603. [PMID: 27714852 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical fitness (PF) is a construct of health- and skill-related attributes which have been associated with academic performance (AP) in youth. This study aimed to review the scientific evidence on the association among components of PF and AP in children and adolescents. A systematic review of articles using databases PubMed/Medline, ERIC, LILACS, SciELO, and Web of Science was undertaken. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies examining the association between at least one component of PF and AP in children and adolescents, published between 1990 and June 2016, were included. Independent extraction of articles was carried out by the two authors using predefined data fields. From a total of 45 studies included, 25 report a positive association between components of PF with AP and 20 describe a single association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and AP. According to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines: 12 were classified as low, 32 as medium risk, and 1 as high risk of bias. Thirty-one studies reported a positive association between AP and CRF, six studies with muscular strength, three studies with flexibility, and seven studies reported a positive association between clustered of PF components and AP. The magnitude of the associations is weak to moderate (β = 0.10-0.42 and odds = 1.01-4.14). There is strong evidence for a positive association between CRF and cluster of PF with AP in cross-sectional studies; and evidence from longitudinal studies for a positive association between cluster of PF and AP; the relationship between muscular strength and flexibility with AP remains uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C C A Santana
- Physical Education Post Graduate Program, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - L B Azevedo
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - M T Cattuzzo
- Physical Education Post Graduate Program, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - J O Hill
- University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - L P Andrade
- Physical Education Post Graduate Program, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - W L Prado
- Physical Education Post Graduate Program, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Andrade S, Lachat C, Cardon G, Ochoa-Avilés A, Verstraeten R, Van Camp J, Ortiz J, Ramirez P, Donoso S, Kolsteren P. Two years of school-based intervention program could improve the physical fitness among Ecuadorian adolescents at health risk: subgroups analysis from a cluster-randomized trial. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:51. [PMID: 27102653 PMCID: PMC4840972 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents with overweight and poor physical fitness have an increased likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases during adulthood. In Ecuador, a health promotion program improved the muscular strength and speed-agility, and reduced the decline of the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of adolescents after 28 months. We performed a sub-group analysis to assess the differential effect of this intervention in overweight and low-fit adolescents. Methods We performed a cluster-randomized pair matched trial in schools located in Cuenca–Ecuador. In total 20 schools (clusters) were pair matched, and 1440 adolescents of grade 8 and 9 (mean age of 12.3 and 13.3 years respectively) participated in the trial. For the purposes of the subgroup analysis, the adolescents were classified into groups according to their weight status (body mass index) and aerobic capacity (scores in the 20 m shuttle run and FITNESSGRAM standards) at baseline. Primary outcomes included physical fitness (vertical jump, speed shuttle run) and physical activity (proportion of students achieving over 60 min of moderate–to-vigorous physical activity/day). For these primary outcomes, we stratified analysis by weight (underweight, normal BMI and overweight/obese) and fitness (fit and low fitness) groups. Mixed linear regression models were used to assess the intervention effect. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity, underweight and poor physical fitness was 20.3 %, 5.8 % and 84.8 % respectively. A higher intervention effect was observed for speed shuttle run in overweight (β = −1.85 s, P = 0.04) adolescents compared to underweight (β = −1.66 s, P = 0.5) or normal weight (β = −0.35 s, P = 0.6) peers. The intervention effect on vertical jump was higher in adolescents with poor physical fitness (β = 3.71 cm, P = 0.005) compared to their fit peers (β = 1.28 cm, P = 0.4). The proportion of students achieving over 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity/day was not significantly different according to weight or fitness status. Conclusion Comprehensive school-based interventions that aim to improve diet and physical activity could improve speed and strength aspects of physical fitness in low-fit and overweight/obese adolescents. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01004367. Registered October 28, 2009. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-016-0588-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Andrade
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Universidad de Cuenca, Avenida 12 de Abril y Loja, 010202, Cuenca, Ecuador. .,Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Angélica Ochoa-Avilés
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Universidad de Cuenca, Avenida 12 de Abril y Loja, 010202, Cuenca, Ecuador.,Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn Verstraeten
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johana Ortiz
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Universidad de Cuenca, Avenida 12 de Abril y Loja, 010202, Cuenca, Ecuador.,Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia Ramirez
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Universidad de Cuenca, Avenida 12 de Abril y Loja, 010202, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Silvana Donoso
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Universidad de Cuenca, Avenida 12 de Abril y Loja, 010202, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ceschia A, Giacomini S, Santarossa S, Rugo M, Salvadego D, Da Ponte A, Driussi C, Mihaleje M, Poser S, Lazzer S. Deleterious effects of obesity on physical fitness in pre-pubertal children. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 16:271-8. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
8
|
Four classes of physical fitness in German children and adolescents: only differences in performance or at-risk groups? Int J Public Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-012-0427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
9
|
Singer V, Uysal Y, Schaefer A, Winkel K, Lass N, Kleber M, Wolters B, Reinehr T. Schulung Obeldicks für adipöse Kinder und Jugendliche. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-012-2717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
10
|
Niederer I, Kriemler S, Zahner L, Bürgi F, Ebenegger V, Marques P, Puder JJ. BMI group-related differences in physical fitness and physical activity in preschool-age children: a cross-sectional analysis. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2012; 83:12-19. [PMID: 22428407 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2012.10599820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the Ballabeina study, we investigated age- and BMI-group-related differences in aerobic fitness (20 m shuttle run), agility (obstacle course), dynamic (balance beam) and static balance (balance platform), and physical activity (PA, accelerometers) in 613 children (M age = 5.1 years, SD = 0.6). Normal weight (NW) children performed better than overweight (OW) children in aerobic fitness, agility, and dynamic balance (all p <.001), while OWchildren had a better static balance (p < .001). BMI-group-related differences in aerobic fitness and agility were larger in older children (p for interaction with age = .01) in favor of the NW children. PA did not differ between NW and OW (p > or = .1), but did differ between NW and obese children (p < .05). BMI-group-related differences in physical fitness can already be present in preschool-age children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Niederer
- Institute of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sacchetti R, Ceciliani A, Garulli A, Masotti A, Poletti G, Beltrami P, Leoni E. Physical fitness of primary school children in relation to overweight prevalence and physical activity habits. J Sports Sci 2012; 30:633-40. [PMID: 22348275 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2012.661070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was carried out to analyse, through a limited number of fitness tests, the main conditioning and coordinative abilities in children aged 8-9 years, and their relationship with gender, anthropometric variables and physical activity habits. The height and weight of 256 boys and 241 girls were measured and information about physical activity habits was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Physical performance was assessed by means of a few standardised tests: 'sit & reach', medicine-ball forward throw, standing long jump, 20 m running speed, and forward roll test. In both boys and girls, body weight and body mass index (BMI) were positively correlated with the medicine-ball throw performances and negatively correlated for the standing long jump and speed tests, while no association was found with tests measuring back flexibility and total body coordination. Daily physical activity and participation in sport were not significantly correlated with body weight and BMI, but were positively associated with children's motor performance. The standardised fitness tests selected in the current study have been found to be suitable to identify fitness levels of primary school children. Thanks to their limited number and ease of measurement, they can be used in any school context to classify children and for monitoring the effects of targeted interventions promoting physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Sacchetti
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lämmle L, Worth A, Bös K. Socio-demographic correlates of physical activity and physical fitness in German children and adolescents. Eur J Public Health 2012; 22:880-4. [PMID: 22219503 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Identifying factors that influence children's and adolescents' participation in physical activity (PA), as well as their physical fitness (PF), is essential for the development of effective intervention strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare influential socio-demographic factors that affect PA such as socio-economic status (SES), rural-urban differences, immigration and age, as well as the effects of age and PA on PF as differentiated by gender. Subjects and METHODS German children between 6 and 9 years and adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age (n = 2574) participated in the representative, nationwide, cross-sectional 'Motorik'-Module study between 2003 and 2006. RESULTS Results revealed that immigrant children and children with a lower SES background were less physically active and that this inactivity subsequently resulted in lower levels of PF as compared with non-immigrant children and children with a higher SES background. PA was further positively associated with age for children. All of these three socio-demographic factors were comparably meaningful for PA. In adolescents, the only PA-relevant socio-demographic parameter was SES with lower PA again resulting in lower PF levels observed in adolescents from lower income families. PF in childhood as well as adolescence was mostly positively affected by age, followed by PA, except for in female adolescents for whom PA and age were nearly equally significant. CONCLUSIONS An intervention aiming to improve PA levels, and consequently PF levels, must, with respect to age and gender, refer to SES, as well as immigration background, but not to rural-urban differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Lämmle
- Department of Sports Psychology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thivel D, Isacco L, Lazaar N, Aucouturier J, Ratel S, Doré E, Meyer M, Duché P. Effect of a 6-month school-based physical activity program on body composition and physical fitness in lean and obese schoolchildren. Eur J Pediatr 2011; 170:1435-43. [PMID: 21475968 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-011-1466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on anthropometric characteristics concomitantly with aerobic and anaerobic capacities in young children. The present study aimed to assess the effect of a 6-month physical activity program on body composition and physical fitness among primary schoolchildren. Four hundred fifty-seven children aged 6 to 10 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (229 children) or observational group (228 children). Participants' height and weight were assessed, and obesity was determined using French reference curves for BMI. The sum of the four skinfolds and fat-free mass were determined. Ground tests were used to assess aerobic (20-m shuttle run test) and anaerobic (cycling peak power) fitness before and after a 6-month physical activity intervention. The anthropometric modifications obtained over the 6 months cannot be attributed to the intervention as the ANOVA revealed no group effect (intervention vs. group). However, anaerobic and aerobic fitness were significantly improved, thanks to the program in both lean and obese children. A 6-month school-based physical activity intervention in 6- to 10-year-old children did not yield positive anthropometric improvements, but appears effective in terms of aerobic and anaerobic physical fitness. Two physical activity sessions per week in addition to standard physical education classes in primary schoolchildren bring effective results for the prevention of childhood obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Thivel
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, EA3533, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
D'Hondt E, Deforche B, Vaeyens R, Vandorpe B, Vandendriessche J, Pion J, Philippaerts R, de Bourdeaudhuij I, Lenoir M. Gross motor coordination in relation to weight status and age in 5- to 12-year-old boys and girls: A cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 6:e556-64. [DOI: 10.3109/17477166.2010.500388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
15
|
Moß A, Kunze D, Wabitsch M. Evidenzbasierte Leitlinie der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter zur Therapie der Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2011; 54:584-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-011-1269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
16
|
Geiger R, Willeit J, Rummel M, Högler W, Stübing K, Strasak A, Geiger H, Stein JI, Rauchenzauner M. Six-minute walk distance in overweight children and adolescents: effects of a weight-reducing program. J Pediatr 2011; 158:447-51. [PMID: 20884008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2010] [Revised: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the significance of consecutive six-minute walk tests (6MWTs) during a weight reduction program. STUDY DESIGN Overweight children and adolescents (n = 113; mean ± standard deviation age, 12.9 ± 2.0 years; 64 girls) performed a standardized 6MWT at the beginning and end of an in-patient weight reduction program consisting of exercise, diet, and educational and psychological support. Their 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was compared with age- and sex-matched normal-weight children (n = 353). RESULTS Preintervention 6MWD averaged 93% of control subjects (631 ± 88 m versus 675 ± 70 m, P < .001) and increased significantly to 667 ± 90 m (P < .001) after 27 ± 7 days of intervention (99% of control subjects; P = .260). Participants reduced their body weight from 80.9 ± 19.8 kg to 75.6 ± 19.0 kg, body mass index (BMI) percentile from 98.2 ± 2.1% to 96.8 ± 3.8%, and BMI-standard deviation score from 2.37 ± 0.6 to 2.13 ± 0.6 (P < .001 for each variable). BMI-standard deviation score, height, and the change in heart rate during the 6MWT were significant independent predictors of the 6MWD at preintervention and at post intervention time points (P < .001 each). CONCLUSIONS The 6MWD increases during a weight reduction program, indicating improvement of physical fitness and decreased metabolic demand during daily activities in overweight children. The 6MWT represents a practical and reliable assessment tool for exercise performance in overweight children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Divisions of Cardiology, Pulmology, Allergology, and Cystic Fibrosis, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
This review addresses the impact of obesity on paediatric physical functioning utilizing the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework (ICF). The ICF encompasses functioning (as it relates to all body functions and structures), activities (undertaking a particular task) and participation (in a life situation) with disability referring to impairments in body functions/structures, activity restrictions or participation limitations. Electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies published in English prior to May 2009 that examined aspects of physical functioning in children (≤18 years). Eligible studies (N = 104) were ranked by design and synthesized descriptively. Childhood obesity was found to be associated with deficits in function, including impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and performance of motor tasks; and there was some limited evidence of increased musculoskeletal pain and decrements in muscle strength, gait and balance. Health-related quality of life and the subset of physical functioning was inversely related to weight status. However, studies investigating impacts of obesity on wider activity and participation were lacking. Further research utilizing the ICF is required to identify and better characterize the effects of paediatric obesity on physical function, activity and participation, thereby improving targets for intervention to reduce disability in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Tsiros
- Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nantel J, Mathieu ME, Prince F. Physical activity and obesity: biomechanical and physiological key concepts. J Obes 2011; 2011:650230. [PMID: 21113311 PMCID: PMC2990021 DOI: 10.1155/2011/650230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nantel
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- *Julie Nantel:
| | | | - François Prince
- Marie-Enfant Rehabilitation Center, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1C5
- Department of kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Faude O, Kerper O, Multhaupt M, Winter C, Beziel K, Junge A, Meyer T. Football to tackle overweight in children. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 20 Suppl 1:103-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Quadriceps muscle function characteristics in severely obese and nonobese adolescents. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 103:481-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-008-0737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|