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Hafner A, Costa L, Kourousias G, Bonanni V, Žižić M, Stolfa A, Bazi B, Vincze L, Gianoncelli A. An innovative in situ AFM system for a soft X-ray spectromicroscopy synchrotron beamline. Analyst 2024; 149:700-706. [PMID: 38054815 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01358h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging and spectroscopy like concurrent scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) are highly desirable as they allow retrieving complementary information. This paper reports on the design, development, integration and field testing of a novel in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) instrument for operation under high vacuum in a synchrotron soft X-ray microscopy STXM-XRF end-station. A combination of μXRF and AFM is demonstrated for the first time in the soft X-ray regime, with an outlook for the full XRF-STXM-AFM combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljoša Hafner
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luca Costa
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5048 - UM - INSERM U 1054, 29 rue de Navacelles 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - George Kourousias
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bonanni
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Milan Žižić
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Andrea Stolfa
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Benjamin Bazi
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laszlo Vincze
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163, 5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
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Mishra A, Sarbapalli D, Rodríguez O, Rodríguez-López J. Electrochemical Imaging of Interfaces in Energy Storage via Scanning Probe Methods: Techniques, Applications, and Prospects. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2023; 16:93-115. [PMID: 37068746 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091422-110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing a deeper understanding of dynamic chemical, electronic, and morphological changes at interfaces is key to solving practical issues in electrochemical energy storage systems (EESSs). To unravel this complexity, an assortment of tools with distinct capabilities and spatiotemporal resolutions have been used to creatively visualize interfacial processes as they occur. This review highlights how electrochemical scanning probe techniques (ESPTs) such as electrochemical atomic force microscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy, scanning ion conductance microscopy, and scanning electrochemical cell microscopy are uniquely positioned to address these challenges in EESSs. We describe the operating principles of ESPTs, focusing on the inspection of interfacial structure and chemical processes involved in Li-ion batteries and beyond. We discuss current examples, performance limitations, and complementary ESPTs. Finally, we discuss prospects for imaging improvements and deep learning for automation. We foresee that ESPTs will play an enabling role in advancing EESSs as we transition to renewable energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiroop Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
| | - Dipobrato Sarbapalli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
| | - Oliver Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA;
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3
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Mom RV, Onderwaater WG, Rost MJ, Jankowski M, Wenzel S, Jacobse L, Alkemade PF, Vandalon V, van Spronsen MA, van Weeren M, Crama B, van der Tuijn P, Felici R, Kessels WM, Carlà F, Frenken JW, Groot IM. Simultaneous scanning tunneling microscopy and synchrotron X-ray measurements in a gas environment. Ultramicroscopy 2017; 182:233-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV. Investigating Polymer-Metal Interfaces by Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering from Gradients to Real-Time Studies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 6:E239. [PMID: 28335367 PMCID: PMC5302712 DOI: 10.3390/nano6120239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the polymer-metal interface is crucial for advanced material design. Vacuum deposition methods for metal layer coating are widely used in industry and research. They allow for installing a variety of nanostructures, often making use of the selective interaction of the metal atoms with the underlying polymer thin film. The polymer thin film may eventually be nanostructured, too, in order to create a hierarchy in length scales. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering is an advanced method to characterize and investigate polymer-metal interfaces. Being non-destructive and yielding statistically relevant results, it allows for deducing the detailed polymer-metal interaction. We review the use of grazing incidence X-ray scattering to elucidate the polymer-metal interface, making use of the modern synchrotron radiation facilities, allowing for very local studies via in situ (so-called "stop-sputter") experiments as well as studies observing the nanostructured metal nanoparticle layer growth in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Onderwaater WG, van der Tuijn PC, Mom RV, van Spronsen MA, Roobol SB, Saedi A, Drnec J, Isern H, Carla F, Dufrane T, Koehler R, Crama B, Groot IMN, Felici R, Frenken JWM. Combined scanning probe microscopy and x-ray scattering instrument for in situ catalysis investigations. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:113705. [PMID: 27910601 DOI: 10.1063/1.4968804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new instrument combining a scanning probe microscope (SPM) and an X-ray scattering platform for ambient-pressure catalysis studies. The two instruments are integrated with a flow reactor and an ultra-high vacuum system that can be mounted easily on the diffractometer at a synchrotron end station. This makes it possible to perform SPM and X-ray scattering experiments in the same instrument under identical conditions that are relevant for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem G Onderwaater
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C van der Tuijn
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rik V Mom
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs A van Spronsen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander B Roobol
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amirmehdi Saedi
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub Drnec
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Helena Isern
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Francesco Carla
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Dufrane
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Raymond Koehler
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Crama
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M N Groot
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Felici
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Joost W M Frenken
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Vitorino MV, Fuchs Y, Dane T, Rodrigues MS, Rosenthal M, Panzarella A, Bernard P, Hignette O, Dupuy L, Burghammer M, Costa L. An in situ atomic force microscope for normal-incidence nanofocus X-ray experiments. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:1110-1117. [PMID: 27577764 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516011437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A compact high-speed X-ray atomic force microscope has been developed for in situ use in normal-incidence X-ray experiments on synchrotron beamlines, allowing for simultaneous characterization of samples in direct space with nanometric lateral resolution while employing nanofocused X-ray beams. In the present work the instrument is used to observe radiation damage effects produced by an intense X-ray nanobeam on a semiconducting organic thin film. The formation of micrometric holes induced by the beam occurring on a timescale of seconds is characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Vitorino
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Y Fuchs
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Dane
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M S Rodrigues
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Rosenthal
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Panzarella
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P Bernard
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - O Hignette
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L Dupuy
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Burghammer
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L Costa
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue de Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Pilet N, Lisunova Y, Lamattina F, Stevenson SE, Pigozzi G, Paruch P, Fink RH, Hug HJ, Quitmann C, Raabe J. A single probe for imaging photons, electrons and physical forces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:235705. [PMID: 27146329 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/23/235705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The combination of complementary measurement techniques has become a frequent approach to improve scientific knowledge. Pairing of the high lateral resolution scanning force microscopy (SFM) with the spectroscopic information accessible through scanning transmission soft x-ray microscopy (STXM) permits assessing physical and chemical material properties with high spatial resolution. We present progress from the NanoXAS instrument towards using an SFM probe as an x-ray detector for STXM measurements. Just by the variation of one parameter, the SFM probe can be utilised to detect either sample photo-emitted electrons or transmitted photons. This allows the use of a single probe to detect electrons, photons and physical forces of interest. We also show recent progress and demonstrate the current limitations of using a high aspect ratio coaxial SFM probe to detect photo-emitted electrons with very high lateral resolution. Novel probe designs are proposed to further progress in using an SFM probe as a STXM detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pilet
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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DiLullo A, Shirato N, Cummings M, Kersell H, Chang H, Rosenmann D, Miller D, Freeland JW, Hla SW, Rose V. Local X-ray magnetic circular dichroism study of Fe/Cu(111) using a tunneling smart tip. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:574-8. [PMID: 26917146 PMCID: PMC4768769 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515023383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Localized spectroscopy with simultaneous topographic, elemental and magnetic information is presented. A synchrotron X-ray scanning tunneling microscope has been employed for the local study of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L2,3-edges of a thin iron film grown on Cu(111). Polarization-dependent X-ray absorption spectra have been obtained through a tunneling smart tip that serves as a photoelectron detector. In contrast to conventional spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray excitations provide magnetic contrast even with a non-magnetic tip. Intensity variations in the photoexcited tip current point to chemical variations within a single magnetic Fe domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew DiLullo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Nozomi Shirato
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Marvin Cummings
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Heath Kersell
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Physics and Astronomy Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Hao Chang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Physics and Astronomy Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Daniel Rosenmann
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Dean Miller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - John W. Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Saw-Wai Hla
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Physics and Astronomy Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Volker Rose
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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