1
|
Yan Y, Chen Y, Hu H, Jiang Y, Kang Z, Wu J. Discovery of a New Class of Lipophilic Pyrimidine-Biphenyl Herbicides Using an Integrated Experimental-Computational Approach. Molecules 2024; 29:2409. [PMID: 38893290 PMCID: PMC11173721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbicides are useful tools for managing weeds and promoting food production and sustainable agriculture. In this study, we report on the development of a novel class of lipophilic pyrimidine-biphenyl (PMB) herbicides. Firstly, three PMBs, Ia, IIa, and IIIa, were rationally designed via a scaffold hopping strategy and were determined to inhibit acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). Computational simulation was carried out to investigate the molecular basis for the efficiency of PMBs against AHAS. With a rational binding mode, and the highest in vitro as well as in vivo potency, Ia was identified as a preferable hit. Furthermore, these integrated analyses guided the design of eighteen new PMBs, which were synthesized via a one-step Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. These new PMBs, Iba-ic, were more effective in post-emergence control of grass weeds compared with Ia. Interestingly, six of the PMBs displayed 98-100% inhibition in the control of grass weeds at 750 g ai/ha. Remarkably, Ica exhibited ≥ 80% control against grass weeds at 187.5 g ai/ha. Overall, our comprehensive and systematic investigation revealed that a structurally distinct class of lipophilic PMB herbicides, which pair excellent herbicidal activities with new interactions with AHAS, represent a noteworthy development in the pursuit of sustainable weed control solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yinglu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hanxian Hu
- School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Youwei Jiang
- Hangzhou Jingyinkang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311110, China
| | | | - Jun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deng W, Yao S, Li Y, Yin H, Yang Q, Yuan S. An Asp376Glu substitution and P450s-involved metabolism endow resistance to ALS inhibitors in an Ammannia auriculata Willd. Population. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105911. [PMID: 38685231 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ammannia auriculata Willd. is a noxious broadleaf weed, commonly infesting rice ecosystems across southern China. A putative resistant A. auriculata population (AHSC-5) was sampled from a rice field of Anhui Province, where bensulfuron-methyl (BM) was unable to control its occurrence. This study aimed to determine the sensitivities of the AHSC-5 population to common-use herbicides, and to investigate the underlying resistance mechanisms. The bioassays showed that the AHSC-5 population was 138.1-fold resistant to BM, compared with the susceptible population (JSGL-1). Pretreatment of malathion reduced the resistance index to 19.5. ALS sequencing revealed an Asp376Glu substitution in the AHSC-5 population, and in vitro ALS activity assays found that 50% activity inhibition (I50) of BM in AHSC-5 was 75.4 times higher than that of JSGL-1. Moreover, the AHSC-5 population displayed cross-resistance to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (10.6-fold), bispyribac‑sodium (3.6-fold), and imazethapyr (2.2-fold), and was in the process of evolving multiple resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides fluroxypyr (2.3-fold) and florpyrauxifen-benzyl (3.1-fold). This study proved the BM resistance in A. auriculata caused by the Asp376Glu mutation and P450-regulated metabolism. This multi-resistant population can still be controlled by penoxsulam, MCPA, bentazone, and carfentrazone-ethyl, which aids in developing targeted and effective weed management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sai Yao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanqi Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Jiangsu Lixiahe District Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhong Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chtourou M, Osuna MD, Vázquez-García JG, Lozano-Juste J, De Prado R, Torra J, Souissi T. Pro197Ser and the new Trp574Leu mutations together with enhanced metabolism contribute to cross-resistance to ALS inhibiting herbicides in Sinapis alba. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105882. [PMID: 38685248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
White mustard, (Sinapis alba), a problematic broadleaf weed in many Mediterranean countries in arable fields has been detected as resistant to tribenuron-methyl in Tunisia. Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to characterize Target-Site Resistance (TSR) and the Non-Target Site Resistance (NTSR) mechanisms in two suspected white mustard biotypes. Herbicide dose-response experiments confirmed that the two S. alba biotypes were resistant to four dissimilar acetolactate synthase (ALS)-pinhibiting herbicide chemistries indicating the presence of cross-resistance mechanisms. The highest resistance factor (>144) was attributed to tribenuron-methyl herbicide and both R populations survived up to 64-fold the recommended field dose (18.7 g ai ha-1). In this study, the metabolism experiments with malathion (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) showed that malathion reduced resistance to tribenuron-methyl and imazamox in both populations, indicating that P450 may be involved in the resistance. Sequence analysis of the ALS gene detected target site mutations in the two R biotypes, with amino acid substitutions Trp574Leu, the first report for the species, and Pro197Ser. Molecular docking analysis showed that ALSPro197Ser enzyme cannot properly bind to tribenuron-methyl's aromatic ring due to a reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds, while imazamox can still bind. However, Trp574Leu can weaken the binding affinity between the mutated ALS enzyme and both herbicides with the loss of crucial interactions. This investigation provides substantial evidence for the risk of evolving multiple resistance in S. alba to auxin herbicides while deciphering the TSR and NTSR mechanisms conferring cross resistance to ALS inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriem Chtourou
- University of Carthage, National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, LR14AGR02, Department of Plant Health and Environment, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, ETSEAFiV, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria D Osuna
- Plant Protection Department, Extremadura Scientific and Technological Research Center (CICYTEX), Ctra. de AV, km 372, Badajoz, 06187, Guadajira, Spain
| | - José G Vázquez-García
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, Cordoba 14014, Spain
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMCP), Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valencia ES-46022, Spain
| | - Rafael De Prado
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, Cordoba 14014, Spain
| | - Joel Torra
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, ETSEAFiV, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Thouraya Souissi
- University of Carthage, National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, LR14AGR02, Department of Plant Health and Environment, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Wang X, Zang J, Lee D, Zhu Q, Chen L. Phenotypic Characteristics and Occurrence Basis of Leaf Necrotic Spots in Response of Weedy Rice to Imazethapyr. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1218. [PMID: 38732432 PMCID: PMC11085574 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Weedy rice is the most challenging weed species to remove in rice production. We found a novel phenotype of seedling leaves which rapidly generates necrotic spots in response to imidazolinone herbicides in weedy rice, but its influencing factors and formation basis are still unknown. In this study, we used the leaf necrotic spot-producing type of weedy rice as the material. First, leaf necrotic spots were defined as physiological and vacuole-mediated cell necrosis by microscopic examination. The imazethapyr concentration was positively correlated with the degree of necrotic spots occurring, while the action site was in accordance with necrosis using herbicide stability tests combined with fluorescence parameters. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in the gene expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the lipid metabolism membrane structure damage pathway during necrosis, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The light-temperature test also showed that high temperature and intense light could promote the appearance of necrotic spots. These experimental results are helpful in clarifying the process and basis of imazethapyr in inducing the rapid generation of necrotic spots in rice leaves and providing new insight into understanding the mechanism of response to imidazolinone herbicides and the control of weedy rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xianyu Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jianing Zang
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Dongsun Lee
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Z.Z.); (D.L.); (Q.Z.)
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Production and Smart Agriculture of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu P, Feng W, Wang T, Zhang H, Mao S, Zhang H, Huang W, Liu H, Feng S, Chu Z. Investigation of Imidazolinone Herbicide Resistance Gene with KASP Markers for Japonica/ Geng Rice Varieties in the Huanghuaihai Region of China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38674507 PMCID: PMC11053791 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population due to its food security and sustainable development. Weeds compete with crops for sunlight and indispensable nutrients, affecting the yield and quality of crops. Breeding herbicide-tolerant rice varieties paired with herbicide application is expected to help with weed control. In this study, 194 Japonica/Geng rice varieties or lines collected from the Huanghuaihai region of China were screened by Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers based on four mutation sites within OsALS1 (LOC_Os02g30630), which is the target of imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides. Only the OsALS1627N haplotype was identified in 18 varieties, including the previously reported Jingeng818 (JG818), and its herbicide resistance was validated by treatment with three IMIs. To investigate the origin of the OsALS1627N haplotype in the identified varieties, six codominant PCR-based markers tightly linked with OsALS1 were developed. PCR analysis revealed that the other 17 IMI-tolerant varieties were derived from JG818. We randomly selected three IMI-tolerant varieties for comparative whole-genome resequencing with known receptor parent varieties. Sequence alignment revealed that more loci from JG818 have been introduced into IMI-tolerant varieties. However, all three IMI-tolerant varieties carried clustered third type single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites from unknown parents, indicating that these varieties were not directly derived from JG818, whereas those from different intermediate improved lines were crossed with JG818. Overall, we found that only OsALS1627N from JG818 has been broadly introduced into the Huanghuaihai region of China. Additionally, the 17 identified IMI-tolerant varieties provide alternative opportunities for improving such varieties along with other good traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
| | - Wenjie Feng
- Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jining 272031, China;
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
| | - Huadong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
| | - Shuaige Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- Tancheng Jinghua Seed Co., Ltd., Linyi 276100, China;
| | - Wenchao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Shangzong Feng
- Agro-Technical Popularization Centre of Linyi City, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.L.); (T.W.); (H.Z.); (S.M.); (W.H.)
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo M, Zhou J, Tian Y, Du X, Tang X, Lu H, Li Y, Xu Y, Yuan Z, Qin Z. Synthesis, Herbicidal Activity against Barnyard Grass, and Photolytic Behavior of Aryl 2,6-Dipyrimidinoxybenzoates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:300-312. [PMID: 38110303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the characteristics and herbicidal potential of bispyribac phenolic esters, which belong to the 2-(pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzoic acid (PYB) class of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS-)-inhibiting herbicides. These herbicides are primarily used for controlling Poaceae and broadleaf weeds. Among them, bispyribac-sodium stands out as a representative in this class. Surprisingly, other bispyribac esters, including alkanol and phenol esters exhibit considerably reduced herbicidal activity compared to bispyribac-sodium. In contrast, oxime esters (e.g., pyribenzoxim) demonstrate high activity. To further understand and develop novel PYB herbicides, we synthesized and screened a series of bispyribac phenolic esters while investigating their photochemical behaviors. Several compounds displayed excellent herbicidal activity, with compounds Ia-19 and Ic showing impressive 90% effective dosages for fresh weight inhibition of barnyard grass, measuring 0.55 and 0.60 g a.i./hm2, respectively. These values were approximately half of bispyribac-sodium or pyribenzoxim. The results indicate that the herbicidal activity of phenolic esters is influenced by both their binding ability to the AHAS enzyme and their decomposition into bispyribac acid. For instance, bispyribac phenol ester exhibited considerably reduced receptor affinity compared to bispyribac-sodium, and faced challenges in transforming into bispyribac acid, explaining its diminished herbicidal activity. However, introducing a photosensitive nitro group led to a complete transformation. This modification improved its affinity with AHAS and accelerated its decomposition into bispyribac acid, further accelerated by photocatalysis. Consequently, nitro-containing compounds displayed heightened herbicidal activity. The findings from this study open possibilities for structural optimization of phenolic esters through quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis, potentially regulating their activity-releasing period. Furthermore, the high activity of aromatic heterocyclic esters offers new insights into developing novel PYB herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Guo
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jinzhou 434023, China
| | - Yiyi Tian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoying Du
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jinzhou 434023, China
| | - Xianjun Tang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huizhe Lu
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziyang Yuan
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Takano HK, Benko ZL, Zielinski MM, Hamza A, Kalnmals CA, Roth JJ, Bravo-Altamirano K, Siddall T, Satchivi N, Church JB, Riar DS. Discovery and Mode-of-Action Characterization of a New Class of Acetolactate Synthase-Inhibiting Herbicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18227-18238. [PMID: 37567224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are effective tools to manage weeds and enable food production and sustainable agriculture. Corteva Agriscience R&D has recently discovered new diphenyl-ether compounds displaying excellent postemergent efficacy on important weed species along with corn safety. Here, we describe the chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and computational modeling research that led to the discovery and elucidation of the primary mode of action for these compounds. The target protein was found to be acetolactate synthase (ALS), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine). While weed resistance evolution to ALS herbicides is widespread, the molecular interaction of the diphenyl-ether compounds at the active site of the ALS enzyme differs significantly from that of some commercial ALS inhibitors. The unique biochemical profile of these molecules along with their excellent herbicidal activity and corn selectivity make them a noteworthy development in the pursuit of novel, safe, and sustainable weed control solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hudson K Takano
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zoltan L Benko
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Moriah M Zielinski
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Adel Hamza
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Christopher A Kalnmals
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Thomas Siddall
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Norbert Satchivi
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Church
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Dilpreet S Riar
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kalnmals CA, Benko ZL, Hamza A, Bravo-Altamirano K, Siddall TL, Zielinski M, Takano HK, Riar DS, Satchivi NM, Roth JJ, Church JB. A New Class of Diaryl Ether Herbicides: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Enabled by a Rapid Scaffold Hopping Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18171-18187. [PMID: 37350671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of a novel class of diaryl ether herbicides. After the discovery of a phenoxybenzoic acid with modest herbicidal activity, optimization led to several molecules with improved control of broadleaf and grass weeds. To facilitate this process, we first employed a three-step combinatorial approach, then pivoted to a one-step Ullmann-type coupling that provided faster access to new analogs. After determining that the primary target site of our benchmark diaryl ethers was acetolactate synthase (ALS), we further leveraged this copper-catalyzed methodology to conduct a scaffold hopping campaign in the hope of uncovering an additional mode of action with fewer documented cases of resistance. Our comprehensive and systematic investigation revealed that while the herbicidal activity of this area seems to be exclusively linked to ALS inhibition, our molecules represent a structurally distinct class of Group 2 herbicides. The structure-activity relationships that led us to this conclusion are described herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Kalnmals
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zoltan L Benko
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Adel Hamza
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Thomas L Siddall
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Moriah Zielinski
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Hudson K Takano
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Dilpreet S Riar
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Norbert M Satchivi
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Church
- Herbicide Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu B, Wang W, Qiu J, Huang X, Qiu S, Bao Y, Xu S, Ruan L, Ran T, He J. Crystal structures of herbicide-detoxifying esterase reveal a lid loop affecting substrate binding and activity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4343. [PMID: 37468532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
SulE, an esterase, which detoxifies a variety of sulfonylurea herbicides through de-esterification, provides an attractive approach to remove environmental sulfonylurea herbicides and develop herbicide-tolerant crops. Here, we determined the crystal structures of SulE and an activity improved mutant P44R. Structural analysis revealed that SulE is a dimer with spacious binding pocket accommodating the large sulfonylureas substrate. Particularly, SulE contains a protruding β hairpin with a lid loop covering the active site of the other subunit of the dimer. The lid loop participates in substrate recognition and binding. P44R mutation altered the lid loop flexibility, resulting in the sulfonylurea heterocyclic ring repositioning to a relative stable conformation thus leading to dramatically increased activity. Our work provides important insights into the molecular mechanism of SulE, and establish a solid foundation for further improving the enzyme activity to various sulfonylurea herbicides through rational design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Weiwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiguo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shenshen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yixuan Bao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Siqiong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Luyao Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tingting Ran
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ropero-Pérez C, Bolós B, Giner-Llorca M, Locascio A, Garrigues S, Gandía M, Manzanares P, Marcos JF. Transcriptomic Profile of Penicillium digitatum Reveals Novel Aspects of the Mode of Action of the Antifungal Protein AfpB. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0484622. [PMID: 37022187 PMCID: PMC10269557 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04846-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antifungal proteins (AFPs) from filamentous fungi are promising biomolecules to control fungal pathogens. Understanding their biological role and mode of action is essential for their future application. AfpB from the citrus fruit pathogen Penicillium digitatum is highly active against fungal phytopathogens, including its native fungus. Our previous data showed that AfpB acts through a multitargeted three-stage process: interaction with the outer mannosylated cell wall, energy-dependent cell internalization, and intracellular actions that result in cell death. Here, we extend these findings by characterizing the functional role of AfpB and its interaction with P. digitatum through transcriptomic studies. For this, we compared the transcriptomic response of AfpB-treated P. digitatum wild type, a ΔafpB mutant, and an AfpB-overproducing strain. Transcriptomic data suggest a multifaceted role for AfpB. Data from the ΔafpB mutant suggested that the afpB gene contributes to the overall homeostasis of the cell. Additionally, these data showed that AfpB represses toxin-encoding genes, and they suggest a link to apoptotic processes. Gene expression and knockout mutants confirmed that genes coding for acetolactate synthase (ALS) and acetolactate decarboxylase (ALD), which belong to the acetoin biosynthetic pathway, contribute to the inhibitory activity of AfpB. Moreover, a gene encoding a previously uncharacterized extracellular tandem repeat peptide (TRP) protein showed high induction in the presence of AfpB, whereas its TRP monomer enhanced AfpB activity. Overall, our study offers a rich source of information to further advance in the characterization of the multifaceted mode of action of AFPs. IMPORTANCE Fungal infections threaten human health worldwide and have a negative impact on food security, damaging crop production and causing animal diseases. At present, only a few classes of fungicides are available due to the complexity of targeting fungi without affecting plant, animal, or human hosts. Moreover, the intensive use of fungicides in agriculture has led to the development of resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop antifungal biomolecules with new modes of action to fight human-, animal-, and plant-pathogenic fungi. Fungal antifungal proteins (AFPs) offer great potential as new biofungicides to control deleterious fungi. However, current knowledge about their killing mechanism is still limited, which hampers their potential applicability. AfpB from P. digitatum is a promising molecule with potent and specific fungicidal activity. This study further characterizes its mode of action, opening avenues for the development of new antifungals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ropero-Pérez
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Bolós
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Moisés Giner-Llorca
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonella Locascio
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Garrigues
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Gandía
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paloma Manzanares
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose F. Marcos
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rigon CAG, Cutti L, Turra GM, Ferreira EZ, Menegaz C, Schaidhauer W, Dayan FE, Gaines TA, Merotto A. Recurrent Selection of Echinochloa crus-galli with a Herbicide Mixture Reduces Progeny Sensitivity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6871-6881. [PMID: 37104538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide mixtures are used to increase the spectrum of weed control and to manage weeds with target-site resistance to some herbicides. However, the effect of mixtures on the evolution of herbicide resistance caused by enhanced metabolism is unknown. This study evaluated the effect of a fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and imazethapyr mixture on the evolution of herbicide resistance in Echinochloa crus-galli using recurrent selection at sublethal doses. The progeny from second generations selected with the mixture had lower control than parental plants or the unselected progeny. GR50 increased 1.6- and 2.6-fold after two selection cycles with the mixture in susceptible (POP1-S) and imazethapyr-resistant (POP2-IR) biotypes, respectively. There was evidence that recurrent selection with this sublethal mixture had the potential to evolve cross-resistance to diclofop, cyhalofop, sethoxydim, and quinclorac. Mixture selection did not cause increased relative expression for a set of analyzed genes (CYP71AK2, CYP72A122, CYP72A258, CYP81A12, CYP81A14, CYP81A21, CYP81A22, and GST1). Fenoxaprop, rather than imazethapyr, is the main contributor to the decreased control in the progenies after recurrent selection with the mixture in low doses. This is the first study reporting the effect of a herbicide mixture at low doses on herbicide resistance evolution. The lack of control using the mixture may result in decreased herbicide sensitivity of the weed progenies. Using mixtures may select important detoxifying genes that have the potential to metabolize herbicides in patterns that cannot currently be predicted. The use of fully recommended herbicide rates in herbicide mixtures is recommended to reduce the risk of this type of resistance evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A G Rigon
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Luan Cutti
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Turra
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Enrico Z Ferreira
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Christian Menegaz
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Walker Schaidhauer
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Franck E Dayan
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 300 W. Pitkin St., Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Todd A Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 300 W. Pitkin St., Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Aldo Merotto
- Department of Crop Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheng Y, Lonhienne T, Garcia MD, Williams CM, Schenk G, Guddat LW. Crystal Structure of the Commercial Herbicide, Amidosulfuron, in Complex with Arabidopsis thaliana Acetohydroxyacid Synthase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5117-5126. [PMID: 36943718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Amidosulfuron (AS) is from the commercial sulfonylurea herbicide family. It is highly effective against dicot broad-leaf weeds. This herbicide targets acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), the first enzyme in the branched chain amino acid biosynthesis pathway. Here, we have determined the crystal structure of AS in complex with wildtype Arabidopsis thaliana AHAS (AtAHAS) and with the resistance mutant, S653T. In both structures, the cofactor, ThDP, is modified to a peracetate adduct, consistent with time-dependent accumulative inhibition. Compared to other AHAS-inhibiting herbicides of the sulfonylurea family, AS lacks a second aromatic ring. The replacement is an aryl sulfonyl group with a reduced number of interactions with the enzyme and relatively low affinity (Ki = 4.2 μM vs low nM when two heteroaromatic rings are present). This study shows that effective herbicides can have a relatively high Ki for plant AHAS but can still be a potent herbicide provided accumulative inhibition also occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Thierry Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Mario D Garcia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Gerard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cruz R, Wuest WM. Beyond Ergosterol: Strategies for Combatting Antifungal Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida auris. Tetrahedron 2023; 133:133268. [PMID: 36938356 PMCID: PMC10022592 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida auris are historically problematic fungal pathogens responsible for systemic infections and high mortality rates, especially in immunocompromised populations. The three antifungal classes that comprise our present day armamentarium have facilitated efficacious treatment of these fungal infections in past decades, but their potency has steadily declined over the years as resistance to these compounds has accumulated. Importantly, pan-resistant strains of Candida auris have been observed in clinical settings, leaving affected patients with no treatment options and a death sentence. Many compounds in the ongoing antifungal drug discovery pipeline, similar to those within our aforementioned trinity, are predicated on the binding or inhibition of ergosterol. Recurring accounts of resistance to antifungals targeting this pathway suggest optimization of ergosterol-dependent antifungals is likely not the best solution for the long-term. This review aims to present several natural products with novel or underexplored biological targets, as well as similarly underutilized drug discovery strategies to inspire future biological investigations and medicinal chemistry campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr. Atlanta GA 30322
| | - William M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Dr. Atlanta GA 30322
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Proteomics Provide Insight into the Interaction between Selenite and the Microalgae Dunaliella salina. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dunaliella salina is currently one of the most commercially valuable microalgae species in the world. In reponse to selenite, D. salina is a microalgae with a high selenium content, thereby increasing its value, which is crucial for increasing its economic value as a nutrional supplement. However, the effects of selenite on D. salina are still unclear, and its molecular mechanism of the response to selenite stress is also elusive. Here, in order to study the effects of selenite on D. salina and the corresponding regulatory mechanism, we characterized the physiological phenotypes of D. salina under different selenite concentrations and carried out a quantitative proteomic study. The results showed that the effective concentration for 50% growth inhibition (EC50) of the algae was 192.7 mg/L after 11 days of cultivation. When selenite concentration was lower than 100 mg/L, selenite did not hinder the growth of D. salina in the early stage, but shortened the cell growth cycle, although cell growth was significantly inhibited when the concentration of selenium was higher than 250 mg/L. Bioaccumulation experiments showed that the content of intracellular selenium in D. salina cells reached the highest level under the treatment with 50 mg/L selenite, and the contents of total selenium and organic selenium in D. salina cells were 499.77 μg/g and 303.01 μg/g (dry weight), respectively. Proteomic analysis revealed that a series of proteins related to stress responses, amino acid metabolism and energy production pathways were profoundly altered by the selenite treatment. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX7), a selenium-containing protein, was identified in the group given the selenium treatment. Moreover, proteins involved in photoreactions and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly upregulated, indicating that D. salina effectively balanced the energy demand and energy production under selenite stress. This study provides novel insights into the responses to selenite of D. salina, a microalgae candidate as a biological carrier of selenium and would be helpful for the development of industrial strains rich in selenium.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou S, Zhao LT, Meng FF, Hua XW, Li YH, Liu B, Chen J, Chen AL, Li ZM. Synthesis, herbicidal activity and soil degradation of novel 5-substituted sulfonylureas as AHAS inhibitors. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5313-5324. [PMID: 36054636 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl and ethametsulfuron can damage sensitive crops in rotation pattern as a result of their long persistence in soil. To explore novel sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides with favorable soil degradation rates, four series of SUs were synthesized through a structure-based drug design (SBDD) strategy. RESULTS The target compounds, especially Ia, Id and Ie, exhibited prospective herbicidal activity against dicotyledon oil seed rape (Brassica campestris), amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), monocotyledon barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli) and crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) at a concentration of 15 a.i. g ha-1 . Additionally, Ia, Id and Ig displayed excellent inhibitory effects against AtAHAS, with Kapp i values of 59.1, 34.5 and 71.8 μm, respectively, which were much lower than that of chlorsulfuron at 149.4 μm. The π-π stack and H-bonds between the Ia conformation and AtAHAS in the molecular docking results confirmed the series of compounds to be conventional AHAS inhibitors. In alkaline soil (pH = 8.46), compounds Ia-Ig revealed various degrees of acceleration in the degradation rate compared with chlorsulfuron. Besides, compound Ia showed considerable wheat and corn safety under postemergence at the concentration of 30, 60 and even 120 a.i. g ha-1 . CONCLUSION Overall, based on the synthetic procedure, herbicidal activity, soil degradation and crop safety, the Ia sulfonylureas series were chosen to be investigated as prospective AHAS inhibitors. The 5-dimethylamino group on SUs accelerated the degradation rate at different levels in alkaline soils which seems to be controllable in conventional cropping systems in their further application. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lv-Ting Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan-Fei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Wen Hua
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - An-Liang Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Pesticide, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Palma-Bautista C, Portugal J, Vázquez-García JG, Osuna MD, Torra J, Lozano-Juste J, Gherekhloo J, De Prado R. Tribenuron-methyl metabolism and the rare Pro197Phe double mutation together with 2,4-D metabolism and reduced absorption can evolve in Papaver rhoeas with multiple and cross herbicide resistance to ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105226. [PMID: 36464346 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple resistance mechanisms to ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics in two Papaver rhoeas populations were investigated in wheat fields from Portugal. Dose-response trials, also with malathion (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor), cross-resistance patterns for ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics, alternative herbicides tests, 2,4-D and tribenuron-methyl absorption, translocation and metabolism experiments, together with ALS activity, gene sequencing and enzyme modelling and ligand docking were carried out. Results revealed two different resistant profiles: one population (R1) multiple resistant to tribenuron-methyl and 2,4-D, the second (R2) only resistant to 2,4-D. In R1, several target-site mutations in Pro197 and enhanced metabolism (cytochrome P450-mediated) were responsible of tribenuron-methyl resistance. For 2,4-D, reduced transport was observed in both populations, while cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism was also present in R1 population. Moreover, this is the first P. rhoeas population with enhanced tribenuron-methyl metabolism. This study reports the first case for P. rhoeas of the amino acid substitution Pro197Phe due to a double nucleotide change. This double mutation could cause reduced enzyme sensitivity to most ALS inhibitors according to protein modelling and ligand docking. In addition, this study reports a P. rhoeas population resistant to 2,4-D, apparently, with reduced transport as the sole resistance mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candelario Palma-Bautista
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Joao Portugal
- Biosciences Department, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; VALORIZA-Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
| | - José G Vázquez-García
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maria D Osuna
- Plant Protection Department, Extremadura Scientific and Technological Research Center (CICYTEX), Ctra. de AV, km 372, Badajoz, 06187, Guadajira, Spain
| | - Joel Torra
- Department of Hortofructiculture, Botany and Gardening, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMCP), Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), ES-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javid Gherekhloo
- Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 4918943464, Iran
| | - Rafael De Prado
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014 Cordoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of ZmGHT1 Conferring Glufosinate Herbicide Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911481. [PMID: 36232781 PMCID: PMC9570099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Weed interference in the crop field is one of the major biotic stresses causing dramatic crop yield losses, and the development of herbicide-resistant crops is critical for weed control in the application of herbicide technologies. To identify herbicide-resistant germplasms, we screened 854 maize inbreed lines and 25,620 seedlings by spraying them with 1 g/L glufosinate. One plant (L336R), possibly derived from a natural variation of line L336, was identified to have the potential for glufosinate tolerance. Genetic analysis validated that the glufosinate tolerance of L336R is conferred by a single locus, which was tentatively designated as ZmGHT1. By constructing a bi-parental population derived from L336R, and a glufosinate sensitive line L312, ZmGHT1 was mapped between molecular markers M9 and M10. Interestingly, genomic comparation between the two sequenced reference genomes showed that large scale structural variations (SVs) occurred within the mapped region, resulting in 2.16 Mb in the inbreed line B73, and 11.5 kb in CML277, respectively. During the fine mapping process, we did not detect any additional recombinant, even by using more than 9500 F2 and F3 plants, suspecting that SVs should also have occurred between L336R and L312 in this region, which inhibited recombination. By evaluating the expression of the genes within the mapped interval and using functional annotation, we predict that the gene Zm00001eb361930, encoding an aminotransferase, is the most likely causative gene. After glufosinate treatment, lower levels of ammonia content and a higher activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in L336R were detected compared with those of L336 and L312, suggesting that the target gene may participate in ammonia elimination involving GS activity. Collectively, our study can provide a material resource for maize herbicide resistant breeding, with the potential to reveal a new mechanism for herbicide resistance.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang X, Huang Q, Xu J, Gao Z, Jiang X, Wu Y, Ye W, Liang Y. Transcriptome reveals BCAAs biosynthesis pathway is influenced by lovastatin and can act as a potential control target in Phytophthora sojae. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3585-3595. [PMID: 36000236 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Lovastatin has been indicated to impair growth and development of Phytophthora sojae. Therefore, this study was performed to understand the inhibitory mechanism of lovastatin and investigate the metabolic pathway potentially serviced as a new control target for this plant pathogen. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole transcriptome analysis of lovastatin-treated P. sojae was performed by RNA-sequencing. The results revealed that 84 genes were upregulated and 58 were downregulated with more than four-fold changes under treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) biosynthesis pathway was abundantly enriched. All enzymes in the BCAAs biosynthesis pathway were identified in the P. sojae genome. Moreover, the study found that the herbicide flumetsulam targeting acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) of the BCAAs biosynthesis pathway could effectively inhibit mycelial growth of P. sojae. CONCLUSIONS Lovastatin treatment significantly influences the BCAAs biosynthesis pathway in P. sojae. Moreover, the herbicide flumetsulam targets AHAS and inhibits growth of P. sojae. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The present study revealed that BCAAs biosynthesis pathway was influenced by lovastatin treatment and its key enzyme AHAS was identified as a potential new control target, which provides clues for exploring more oomycides to control plant diseases caused by P. sojae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qifeng Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jitao Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenwu Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bayaraa T, Gaete J, Sutiono S, Kurz J, Lonhienne T, Harmer JR, Bernhardt PV, Sieber V, Guddat L, Schenk G. Dihydroxy‐Acid Dehydratases From Pathogenic Bacteria: Emerging Drug Targets to Combat Antibiotic Resistance. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200927. [PMID: 35535733 PMCID: PMC9543379 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent global need for the development of novel therapeutics to combat the rise of various antibiotic‐resistant superbugs. Enzymes of the branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) biosynthesis pathway are an attractive target for novel anti‐microbial drug development. Dihydroxy‐acid dehydratase (DHAD) is the third enzyme in the BCAA biosynthesis pathway. It relies on an Fe−S cluster for catalytic activity and has recently also gained attention as a catalyst in cell‐free enzyme cascades. Two types of Fe−S clusters have been identified in DHADs, i.e. [2Fe−2S] and [4Fe−4S], with the latter being more prone to degradation in the presence of oxygen. Here, we characterise two DHADs from bacterial human pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Campylobacter jejuni (SaDHAD and CjDHAD). Purified SaDHAD and CjDHAD are virtually inactive, but activity could be reversibly reconstituted in vitro (up to ∼19,000‐fold increase with kcat as high as ∼6.7 s−1). Inductively‐coupled plasma‐optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES) measurements are consistent with the presence of [4Fe−4S] clusters in both enzymes. N‐isopropyloxalyl hydroxamate (IpOHA) and aspterric acid are both potent inhibitors for both SaDHAD (Ki=7.8 and 51.6 μM, respectively) and CjDHAD (Ki=32.9 and 35.1 μM, respectively). These compounds thus present suitable starting points for the development of novel anti‐microbial chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tenuun Bayaraa
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Jose Gaete
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Samuel Sutiono
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic resources Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability Technical University of Munich Schulgasse 16 94315 Straubing Germany
| | - Julia Kurz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Thierry Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Jeffrey R. Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Paul V. Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Volker Sieber
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic resources Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability Technical University of Munich Schulgasse 16 94315 Straubing Germany
| | - Luke Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
- Sustainable Minerals Institute The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shah S, Lonhienne T, Murray CE, Chen Y, Dougan KE, Low YS, Williams CM, Schenk G, Walter GH, Guddat LW, Chan CX. Genome-Guided Analysis of Seven Weed Species Reveals Conserved Sequence and Structural Features of Key Gene Targets for Herbicide Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:909073. [PMID: 35845697 PMCID: PMC9277346 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are commonly deployed as the front-line treatment to control infestations of weeds in native ecosystems and among crop plants in agriculture. However, the prevalence of herbicide resistance in many species is a major global challenge. The specificity and effectiveness of herbicides acting on diverse weed species are tightly linked to targeted proteins. The conservation and variance at these sites among different weed species remain largely unexplored. Using novel genome data in a genome-guided approach, 12 common herbicide-target genes and their coded proteins were identified from seven species of Weeds of National Significance in Australia: Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed), Lycium ferocissimum (African boxthorn), Senecio madagascariensis (fireweed), Lantana camara (lantana), Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium), Cryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine), and Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth). Gene and protein sequences targeted by the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and glyphosate were recovered. Compared to structurally resolved homologous proteins as reference, high sequence conservation was observed at the herbicide-target sites in the ALS (target for ALS inhibitors), and in 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase (target for glyphosate). Although the sequences are largely conserved in the seven phylogenetically diverse species, mutations observed in the ALS proteins of fireweed and parthenium suggest resistance of these weeds to ALS-inhibiting and other herbicides. These protein sites remain as attractive targets for the development of novel inhibitors and herbicides. This notion is reinforced by the results from the phylogenetic analysis of the 12 proteins, which reveal a largely consistent vertical inheritance in their evolutionary histories. These results demonstrate the utility of high-throughput genome sequencing to rapidly identify and characterize gene targets by computational methods, bypassing the experimental characterization of individual genes. Data generated from this study provide a useful reference for future investigations in herbicide discovery and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Shah
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thierry Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Cody-Ellen Murray
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yibi Chen
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Katherine E. Dougan
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yu Shang Low
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gimme H. Walter
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Luke W. Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Cheong Xin Chan
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Structural basis of resistance to herbicides that target acetohydroxyacid synthase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3368. [PMID: 35690625 PMCID: PMC9188596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is the target for more than 50 commercial herbicides; first applied to crops in the 1980s. Since then, 197 site-of-action resistance isolates have been identified in weeds, with mutations at P197 and W574 the most prevalent. Consequently, AHAS is at risk of not being a useful target for crop protection. To develop new herbicides, a functional understanding to explain the effect these mutations have on activity is required. Here, we show that these mutations can have two effects (i) to reduce binding affinity of the herbicides and (ii) to abolish time-dependent accumulative inhibition, critical to the exceptional effectiveness of this class of herbicide. In the two mutants, conformational changes occur resulting in a loss of accumulative inhibition by most herbicides. However, bispyribac, a bulky herbicide is able to counteract the detrimental effects of these mutations, explaining why no site-of-action resistance has yet been reported for this herbicide. Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is the target of more than 50 commercial herbicides, with many site-of-action resistance isolates identified in weeds. Here, the authors report the structural and kinetic characterizations to explain the effect AHAS mutations have on herbicide potency.
Collapse
|
22
|
Fang J, Yang D, Zhao Z, Chen J, Dong L. A novel Phe-206-Leu mutation in acetolactate synthase confers resistance to penoxsulam in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2560-2570. [PMID: 35334143 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv) has evolved resistance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor penoxsulam which is used to control weeds in rice fields in China. The present study is conducted to identify the target-site resistance (TSR) mechanisms conferring resistance in a penoxsulam-resistant population. RESULTS The ALS sensitivity in vitro of the resistant population was sixfold lower to penoxsulam than that of the sensitive population. ALS sequencing revealed that no known mutation conferring ALS herbicide resistance was detected. However, a novel mutation Phe-206-Leu was identified in the ALS gene. Additionally, ALS gene expression level of the resistant population was lower than that of the sensitive population. Therefore, the penoxsulam resistance was not due to the overexpression of ALS gene. Molecular docking revealed that this mutation may change the interaction of the penoxsulam-ALS binding and weaken its mutual affinity by approximately 10%. Arabidopsis thaliana transformed with mutant ALS had fourfold greater resistance to penoxsulam and varied cross-resistance to other ALS herbicides than those transformed with sensitive ALS. Mutant and sensitive ALS proteins expressed by the baculovirus system exhibited different in vitro penoxsulam sensitivity levels. Mutant ALS had eightfold lower sensitivity to penoxsulam than sensitive ALS. CONCLUSION This report provides clear evidence that the ALS mutation at position 206 (Phe-206-Leu) confers penoxsulam resistance in barnyardgrass. Phe-206 was confirmed to be the ninth amino acid residue related to ALS herbicide resistance in weeds. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Fang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application/College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongchen Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zerui Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application/College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyi Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application/College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyao Dong
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application/College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kubicki M, Giannakopoulos G, Lamshöft M, Dittgen J. Spatially Resolved Investigation of Herbicide-Safener Interaction in Maize ( Zea mays L.) by MALDI-Imaging Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6368-6376. [PMID: 35583469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring agrochemical distribution within plant tissues delivers significant insights into the adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of agrochemicals. Detection and imaging of the safener cyprosulfamide (CSA) and the herbicide thiencarbazone-methyl (TCM) after micro-droplet application on the surface of maize leaves (Zea mays L.) have been achieved using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI). The agrochemicals were deposited onto the adaxial surface of maize leaves on growing plants, and their uptake, distribution, and metabolism were investigated at four timepoints (3 h, 24 h, 4 days, and 7 days) to assess the influence of CSA treatment on TCM metabolism. MALDI MSI visualized significant changes for the metabolism of TCM after 24 h. Although TCM metabolism was detected neither in the control without the safener nor in the approach with CSA on the second leaf, the co-application on the same leaf showed significant metabolism of the herbicide by detecting the metabolite N-demethylated TCM. These findings suggest that safener protection against herbicide injury is a rapid process in which CSA and TCM need to be present in the same tissues. This study showcases the use of MALDI MSI to visualize and analyze indirect interactions of two substances in planta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kubicki
- Crop Science Division, Environmental Safety─Metabolism & Kinetics, Bayer AG, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - George Giannakopoulos
- Crop Protection Group, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- Crop Science Division, Environmental Safety─Metabolism & Kinetics, Bayer AG, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Jan Dittgen
- Crop Science Division, Weed Control Research, Bayer AG, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Das D, Singha DL, Paswan RR, Chowdhury N, Sharma M, Reddy PS, Chikkaputtaiah C. Recent advancements in CRISPR/Cas technology for accelerated crop improvement. PLANTA 2022; 255:109. [PMID: 35460444 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Precise genome engineering approaches could be perceived as a second paradigm for targeted trait improvement in crop plants, with the potential to overcome the constraints imposed by conventional CRISPR/Cas technology. The likelihood of reduced agricultural production due to highly turbulent climatic conditions increases as the global population expands. The second paradigm of stress-resilient crops with enhanced tolerance and increased productivity against various stresses is paramount to support global production and consumption equilibrium. Although traditional breeding approaches have substantially increased crop production and yield, effective strategies are anticipated to restore crop productivity even further in meeting the world's increasing food demands. CRISPR/Cas, which originated in prokaryotes, has surfaced as a coveted genome editing tool in recent decades, reshaping plant molecular biology in unprecedented ways and paving the way for engineering stress-tolerant crops. CRISPR/Cas is distinguished by its efficiency, high target specificity, and modularity, enables precise genetic modification of crop plants, allowing for the creation of allelic variations in the germplasm and the development of novel and more productive agricultural practices. Additionally, a slew of advanced biotechnologies premised on the CRISPR/Cas methodologies have augmented fundamental research and plant synthetic biology toolkits. Here, we describe gene editing tools, including CRISPR/Cas and its imitative tools, such as base and prime editing, multiplex genome editing, chromosome engineering followed by their implications in crop genetic improvement. Further, we comprehensively discuss the latest developments of CRISPR/Cas technology including CRISPR-mediated gene drive, tissue-specific genome editing, dCas9 mediated epigenetic modification and programmed self-elimination of transgenes in plants. Finally, we highlight the applicability and scope of advanced CRISPR-based techniques in crop genetic improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debajit Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Dhanawantari L Singha
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Ricky Raj Paswan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, 785013, India
| | - Naimisha Chowdhury
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Palakolanu Sudhakar Reddy
- International Crop Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang B, Chai Y, He X, Wang Y, Chen B, Li Y, Li R. Synthesis, herbicidal activity study, and molecular docking of novel acylthiourea derivatives. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2063289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yunlong Chai
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xu He
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Ranhong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wei T, Wen X, Niu C, An S, Wang D, Xi Z, Wang NN. Design of Acetohydroxyacid Synthase Herbicide-Resistant Germplasm through MB-QSAR and CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Base-Editing Approaches. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2817-2824. [PMID: 35192362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of herbicide-resistant germplasm is significant in solving the increasingly severe weed problem in crop fields. In this study, we, for the first time, rationally designed a predictable and effective approach to create herbicide-resistant germplasm by combining mutation-dependent biomacromolecular quantitative structure-activity relationship (MB-QSAR) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated base-editing strategies. Our results showed that the homozygous P197F-G654D-G655S or P197F-G654N-G655S Arabidopsis plants exhibited high resistance to multiple acetohydroxyacid synthase-inhibiting herbicides, including chlorsulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, and flucarbazone-sodium. Additionally, the plants with the homozygous P197S mutant displayed increased susceptibility to bispyribac-sodium than the wild-type but more resistance to flumetsulam than other mutants. Besides, we found that the herbicide resistance levels of the gene-edited plants have a good correlation with MB-QSAR prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Wen
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Congwei Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sijing An
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen Xi
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ning Ning Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang H, Lv H, Sha T, Huang Q, Guo Y, Hu S. Genetic origin and expression patterns of acetohydroxyacid synthase multigene family in Brassica juncea and B. carinata and their progenitors. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13669. [PMID: 35293615 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), the key enzyme in the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine biosynthesis pathway, has gained intensive investigation because it is the target of five different AHAS herbicides widely used to control weeds in farmland. In the present study, the AHAS gene family in Brassica juncea and B. carinata and their progenitor species was characterized in combination with bioinformatics, gene-specific PCR and qRT-PCR analyses. The results indicated that B. juncea contains four AHAS genes, of them, BjuAHAS3 and BjuAHAS4 originated from the A genome donor of B. rapa, whereas BjuAHAS6 and BjuAHAS7 from the B genome donor of B. nigra. BjuAHAS3 and BjuAHAS6 are predicted to be functional and constitutively expressed in all vegetative and reproductive tissues in the tested B. juncea accessions. B. carinata contains five AHAS genes, of them, BcaAHAS1, BcaAHAS2, and BcaAHAS5 originated from the C genome donor of B. oleracea, whereas BcaAHAS6 and BcaAHAS7 came from the B genome donor of B. nigra. BcaAHAS1, BcaAHAS2, and BcaAHAS6 are predicted to be functional. BcaAHAS1 and BcaAHAS6 are constitutively expressed in all vegetative and reproductive tissues in the tested B. carinata accessions, however, BcaAHAS2 is mainly expressed in siliques. In addition, translocation events for the AHAS1, AHAS2, and AHAS7 genes occurred when the three amphidiploids species B. napus, B. juncea, and B. carinata were formed by hybridization of their respective diploid species. The findings in this study will provide important basic information for the breeding of herbicide-resistant varieties in B. juncea and B. carinata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huijie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianjin Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Palmieri VE, Alvarez CE, Permingeat HR, Perotti VE. A122S, A205V, D376E, W574L and S653N substitutions in acetolactate synthase (ALS) from Amaranthus palmeri show different functional impacts on herbicide resistance. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:749-757. [PMID: 34693637 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, a problematic weed infesting summer crops in Argentina, has developed multiple herbicide resistance. Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides is particularly common, with high-level resistance mostly caused by different mutations in the ALS enzyme. Six versions of the enzyme were identified from a resistant A. palmeri population, carrying substitutions D376E, A205V, A122S, A282D, W574L and S653N. This work aims to provide a comparative analysis of these mutants and the wild-type (WT) enzyme to fully understand the herbicide resistance. Thus, all the versions of the ALS gene from A. palmeri were heterologously expressed and purified to evaluate their kinetics and inhibitory response against imazethapyr, diclosulam, chlorimuron-ethyl, flucarbazone-sodium and bispyribac-sodium. RESULTS A decrease in catalytic efficiency was detected in the A205V, A122S-A282D, W574L and S653N ApALS enzymes, whereas only A205V and W574L substitutions also produced a decrease in the substrate affinity. In vitro ALS inhibition assays confirmed cross-resistance to almost all the herbicides tested, with the exception of A282D ApALS, which was as susceptible as WT ApALS. Moreover, the results confirmed that the novel substitution A122S provides cross-resistance to at least one herbicide within each of the five families of ALS inhibitors, and this property could be explained by a lower number of hydrophobic interactions between the herbicides and the mutant enzyme. CONCLUSION This is the first report to compare various mutations in vitro from A. palmeri ALS. Our data contribute to understanding the impacts of herbicide resistance in this species. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria E Palmieri
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Clarisa E Alvarez
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hugo R Permingeat
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Valeria E Perotti
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shao S, Li B, Sun Q, Guo P, Du Y, Huang J. Acetolactate synthases regulatory subunit and catalytic subunit genes VdILVs are involved in BCAA biosynthesis, microscletotial and conidial formation and virulence in Verticillium dahliae. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 159:103667. [PMID: 35041986 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetolactate synthase (AHAS) catalyses the first common step in the biosynthesis pathways of three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) of valine, isoleucine and leucine. Here, we characterized one regulatory subunit (VdILV6) and three catalytic subunits (VdILV2A, VdILV2B and VdILV2C) of AHAS from the important cotton Verticillium wilt fungus Verticillium dahliae. Phenotypic analysis showed that VdILV6 knockout mutants were auxotrophic for valine and isoleucine and were defective in conidial morphogenesis, hypha penetration and virulence to cotton, and lost ability of microscletotial formation. The growth of single catalytic subunit gene knockout mutants were significantly inhibited by leucine at higher concentration and single catalytic subunit gene knockout mutants showed significantly reduced virulence to cotton. VdILV2B knockout also led to obviously reduced microscletotial formation and conidial production, VdILV2C knockout led to reduced conidial production. Further studies suggested that both feedback inhibition by leucine and the inhibition by AHAS inhibiting herbicides of tribenuron and bispyribac resulted in significantly down-regulated expression of the four subunit VdILVs genes (VdILV2A, VdILV2B, VdILV2C and VdILV6). Any single catalytic subunit gene knockout led to reduced expression of the other three subunit genes, whereas VdILV6 knckout induced increased expression of the three catalytic subunit genes. VdILV2B, VdILV2C and VdILV6 knockout resulted in increased expression of VdCPC1 regulator gene of the cross-pathway control of amino acid biosynthesis. Taken together, these results indicate multiple roles of four VdILVs genes in the biosynthesis of BCAAs, virulence, fungal growth and development in the filamentous fungi V. dahliae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ShengNan Shao
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
| | - Biao Li
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
| | - PeiRu Guo
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
| | - YeJuan Du
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang.
| | - JiaFeng Huang
- College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen J, Hu H, Ye K, Wang W, Xu D. Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidinylselenium Compounds as Acetolactate Synthase‐Inhibiting Herbicides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Chen
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Hang Hu
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Kai Ye
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- FRD Science & Technology Jiangshu) Co., Ltd P. R. China
| | - Defeng Xu
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guo Y, Gao H, Ma H, Du C, Zhang D, Wang X, Hu S. Characterization of tribenuron-methyl-induced male sterility in Brassica juncea L. BREEDING SCIENCE 2021; 71:538-549. [PMID: 35087318 PMCID: PMC8784348 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.21016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Significant heterosis has been documented in Brassica juncea L. that are grown as agriculturally important oilseeds, vegetables and condiments crops. Male sterility induced by chemical hybridizing agents is an important pollination control system in hybrid crop breeding. Herein, we show that tribenuron-methyl (TBM), a sulfonylurea herbicide, is an effective male gametocide in B. juncea when used at a very low dosage. In the present study, foliar application of various rates of TBM induced a significant increase in pollen sterility in B. juncea (90.57-100%). TBM-treated plants exhibited reductions in size of floral organ and yield components; however, lower dose of TBM (0.075 g a.i. ha-1) did not cause a significant reduction in seed yield per plant. Tapetum cells of TBM-treated plants were hypertrophied and degenerated earlier, and abnormal meiosis was observed at the meiotic stage. A significant decrease of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) activities was detected in buds of plants treated with 0.10 g a.i. ha-1 TBM, and RT-qPCR analysis showed that TBM exposure perturbed AHAS expression in small buds, which support that TBM induces male sterility in B. juncea by targeting AHAS expression. Our results suggest that TBM could be used as an efficient chemical hybridization agent in B. juncea, which has practical implications for the application of hybrid breeding in B. juncea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huhu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huaiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chunlei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dongsuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shengwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhuang YC, Ye DS, Weng SU, Tsai HHG. Double Proton Transfer during a Novel Tertiary α-Ketol Rearrangement in Ketol-Acid Reductoisomerase: A Water-Mediated, Metal-Catalyzed, Base-Induced Mechanism. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11893-11906. [PMID: 34618450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(KARI) catalyzes the conversion of (S)-2-acetolactate or (S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate to 2,3-dihydroxy-3-alkylbutyrate, the second step in the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs). Because the BCAA biosynthetic pathway is present in bacteria, plants, and fungi, but absent in animals, it is an excellent target for the development of new-generation antibiotics and herbicides. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the KARI-catalyzed reaction has not yet been fully solved. In this study, we used iterative molecular dynamics (MD) flexible fitting-Rosetta techniques to optimize the three-dimensional solution structure of archaea KARI from Sulfolobus solfataricus (Sso-KARI) determined from cryo-electron microscopy. On the basis of the structure of the Sso-KARI/2Mg2+/NADH/(S)-2-acetolactate complex, we deciphered the catalytic mechanism of the KARI-mediated reaction through hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics MD simulations in conjunction with umbrella sampling. With an activation energy of only 6.06 kcal/mol, a water-mediated, metal-catalyzed, base-induced (WMMCBI) mechanism was preferred for deprotonation of the tertiary OH group of (S)-2-acetolactate in Sso-KARI. The WMMCBI mechanism for double proton transfer occurred within a proton wire route with two steps involving the formation of hydroxide: (i) Glu233 served as a general base to deprotonate the Mg2+-bound water, forming a hydroxide-coordinated Mg2+ ion; (ii) this hydroxide ion acted as a strong base that rapidly deprotonated the ternary OH group of the substrate. In contrast, the direct deprotonation of the substrate by Glu233 was kinetically unfavorable. This mechanism suggests a novel approach for designing catalysts for deprotonation and provides clues for the development of new-generation antibiotics and herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Sheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Uei Weng
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsu Gavin Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.,Research Center of New-Generation Light-Driven Photovoltaic Modules, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Low YS, Garcia MD, Lonhienne T, Fraser JA, Schenk G, Guddat LW. Triazolopyrimidine herbicides are potent inhibitors of Aspergillus fumigatus acetohydroxyacid synthase and potential antifungal drug leads. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21055. [PMID: 34702838 PMCID: PMC8548585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00349-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungal pathogen whose effects can be debilitating and potentially fatal in immunocompromised patients. Current drug treatment options for this infectious disease are limited to just a few choices (e.g. voriconazole and amphotericin B) and these themselves have limitations due to potentially adverse side effects. Furthermore, the likelihood of the development of resistance to these current drugs is ever present. Thus, new treatment options are needed for this infection. A new potential antifungal drug target is acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS; EC 2.2.1.6), the first enzyme in the branched chain amino acid biosynthesis pathway, and a target for many commercial herbicides. In this study, we have expressed, purified and characterised the catalytic subunit of AHAS from A. fumigatus and determined the inhibition constants for several known herbicides. The most potent of these, penoxsulam and metosulam, have Ki values of 1.8 ± 0.9 nM and 1.4 ± 0.2 nM, respectively. Molecular modelling shows that these compounds are likely to bind into the herbicide binding pocket in a mode similar to Candida albicans AHAS. We have also shown that these two compounds inhibit A. fumigatus growth at a concentration of 25 µg/mL. Thus, AHAS inhibitors are promising leads for the development of new anti-aspergillosis therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Low
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - M D Garcia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - T Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - J A Fraser
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - G Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - L W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang R, Chen S, Meng X, Chai Z, Wang D, Yuan Y, Chen K, Jiang L, Li J, Gao C. Generating broad-spectrum tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rice by base editing. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:1624-1633. [PMID: 33165814 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide-tolerant rice varieties generated by genome editing are highly desirable for weed control. We have used a cytosine base editor to create a series of missense mutations in the P171 and/or G628 codons of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene to confer herbicide tolerance in rice. The four different missense mutations in the P171 codon, P171S, P171A, P171Y and P171F, exhibited different patterns of tolerance towards five representative herbicides from five chemical families of ALS inhibitors. For example, P171S and P171A had lower levels of tolerance than P171Y and P171F to bispyribac but not to the other herbicides. Interestingly, a novel triple mutant (P171F/G628E/G629S) had the highest tolerance to all five tested herbicides. Field trials showed that both P171F and P171F/G628E/G629S could potentially be used with nicosulfuron. Our work illustrates an effective way of using base editing to generate herbicide tolerance in elite rice varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sha Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangbing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Delin Wang
- Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuge Yuan
- Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kunling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Linjian Jiang
- Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jiayang Li
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wu YP, Wang Y, Li JH, Li RH, Wang J, Li SX, Gao XY, Dong L, Li AQ. Design, synthesis, herbicidal activity, in vivo enzyme activity evaluation and molecular docking study of acylthiourea derivatives as novel acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitor. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
36
|
Wang HL, Li HR, Zhang YC, Yang WT, Yao Z, Wu RJ, Niu CW, Li YH, Wang JG. Discovery of ortho-Alkoxy Substituted Novel Sulfonylurea Compounds That Display Strong Herbicidal Activity against Monocotyledon Grasses. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8415-8427. [PMID: 34283603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have designed and synthesized a series of 42 novel sulfonylurea compounds with ortho-alkoxy substitutions at the phenyl ring and evaluated their herbicidal activities. Some target compounds showed excellent herbicidal activity against monocotyledon weed species. When applied at 7.5 g ha-1, 6-11 exhibited more potent herbicidal activity against barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) than commercial acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS; EC 2.2.1.6) inhibitors triasulfuron, penoxsulam, and nicosulfuron at both pre-emergence and postemergence conditions. 6-11 was safe for peanut for postemergence application at this ultralow dosage, suggesting that it could be considered a potential herbicide candidate for peanut fields. Although 6-11 and triasulfuron share similar chemical structures and have close Ki values for plant AHAS, a significant difference has been observed between their LUMO maps from DFT calculations, which might be a possible factor that leads to their different behaviors toward monocotyledon weed species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lian Wang
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hao-Ran Li
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhang
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yang
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zheng Yao
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ren-Jun Wu
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cong-Wei Niu
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yong-Hong Li
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jian-Guo Wang
- State-Key Laboratory and Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xie L, Zang X, Cheng W, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Chen M, Tang Y. Harzianic Acid from Trichoderma afroharzianum Is a Natural Product Inhibitor of Acetohydroxyacid Synthase. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10.1021/jacs.1c03988. [PMID: 34132537 PMCID: PMC8674378 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is the first enzyme in the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathway and is a validated target for herbicide and fungicide development. Here we report harzianic acid (HA, 1) produced by the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum t-22 (Tht22) as a natural product inhibitor of AHAS. The biosynthetic pathway of HA was elucidated with heterologous reconstitution. Guided by a putative self-resistance enzyme in the genome, HA was biochemically demonstrated to be a selective inhibitor of fungal AHAS, including those from phytopathogenic fungi. In addition, HA can inhibit a common resistant variant of AHAS in which the active site proline is mutated. Structural analysis of AHAS complexed with HA revealed the molecular basis of competitive inhibition, which differs from all known commercial AHAS inhibitors. The alternative binding mode also rationalizes the selectivity of HA, as well as effectiveness toward resistant mutants. A proposed role of HA biosynthesis by Tht22 in the rhizosphere is discussed based on the data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linan Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Biotechnology Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengbin Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ma D, Yin Y, Chen YL, Yan YT, Wu J. Design, step-economical diversity-oriented synthesis of an N-heterocyclic library containing a pyrimidine moiety: discovery of novel potential herbicidal agents. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15380-15386. [PMID: 35424046 PMCID: PMC8698718 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of highly diverse libraries has become of paramount importance for obtaining novel leads for drug and agrochemical discovery. Herein, the step-economical diversity-oriented synthesis of a library of various pyrimidine-N-heterocycle hybrids was developed, in which a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine core was incorporated into nine kinds of N-heterocycles. A total of 34 structurally diverse compounds were synthesized via a two-step process from very simple and commercially available starting materials. Further, in vivo biological screening of this library identified 11 active compounds that exhibited good post-emergence herbicidal activity against D. sanguinalis at 750 g ai per ha. More importantly, pyrimidine-tetrahydrocarbazole hybrid 5q showed good to excellent herbicidal activity against five test weeds at the same dosage. Pyrimidine-tetrahydrocarbazole hybrids represent a novel class of herbicidal agents that may become promising lead compounds in the herbicidal discovery process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86-571-87951895
| | - Yang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86-571-87951895
| | - Ying-Lu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86-571-87951895
| | - Yi-Tao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86-571-87951895
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China +86-571-87951895
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liang YF, Long ZX, Zhang YJ, Luo CY, Yan LT, Gao WY, Li H. The chemical mechanisms of the enzymes in the branched-chain amino acids biosynthetic pathway and their applications. Biochimie 2021; 184:72-87. [PMID: 33607240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
l-Valine, l-isoleucine, and l-leucine are three key proteinogenic amino acids, and they are also the essential amino acids required for mammalian growth, possessing important and to some extent, special physiological and biological functions. Because of the branched structures in their carbon chains, they are also named as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). This review will highlight the advance in studies of the enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of BCAAs, concentrating on their chemical mechanisms and applications in screening herbicides and antibacterial agents. The uses of some of these enzymes in lab scale organic synthesis are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Liang
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zi-Xian Long
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ya-Jian Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Cai-Yun Luo
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Le-Tian Yan
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wen-Yun Gao
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Heng Li
- College of Life Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kandale A, Patel K, Hussein WM, Wun SJ, Zheng S, Tan L, West NP, Schenk G, Guddat LW, McGeary RP. Analogues of the Herbicide, N-Hydroxy- N-isopropyloxamate, Inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ketol-Acid Reductoisomerase and Their Prodrugs Are Promising Anti-TB Drug Leads. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1670-1684. [PMID: 33512163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New drugs to treat tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed to combat the increase in resistance observed among the current first-line and second-line treatments. Here, we propose ketol-acid reductoisomerase (KARI) as a target for anti-TB drug discovery. Twenty-two analogues of IpOHA, an inhibitor of plant KARI, were evaluated as antimycobacterial agents. The strongest inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) KARI has a Ki value of 19.7 nM, fivefold more potent than IpOHA (Ki = 97.7 nM). This and four other potent analogues are slow- and tight-binding inhibitors of MtKARI. Three compounds were cocrystallized with Staphylococcus aureus KARI and yielded crystals that diffracted to 1.6-2.0 Å resolution. Prodrugs of these compounds possess antimycobacterial activity against H37Rv, a virulent strain of human TB, with the most active compound having an MIC90 of 2.32 ± 0.04 μM. This compound demonstrates a very favorable selectivity window and represents a highly promising lead as an anti-TB agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Kandale
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Khushboo Patel
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shun Jie Wun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lendl Tan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas P West
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ross P McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yean RA, Dilipkumar M, Rahman S, Song BK. A Two-in-One Strategy: Target and Nontarget Site Mechanisms Both Play Important Role in IMI-Resistant Weedy Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22030982. [PMID: 33498150 PMCID: PMC7863736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of Clearfield technology allows the use of imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides to control weedy rice. Imidazolinone herbicides stop the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme from synthesizing branched-chain amino acids, resulting in the death of the plant. Since the launch of Clearfield technology in Malaysia in 2010, many farmers have replaced traditional cultivars with Clearfield (CL) rice lines (MR220-CL1 and MR220-CL2). This technology was initially effective; however, in recent years, local farmers have reported the reduced efficacy of IMI herbicides in controlling the spread of weedy rice. Under IMI herbicide treatment, in previous weedy rice studies, the target-site resistance (TSR) mechanism of the ALS gene has been suggested as a key factor conferring herbicide resistance. In our study, a combination of ALS gene sequencing, enzyme colorimetric assay, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) highlighted that a non-target-site resistance (NTSR) can be an alternative molecular mechanism in IMI-resistant weedy rice. This is supported by a series of evidence, including a weak correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ALS exonic region and ALS enzyme activity. Our findings suggest that the adaptability of weedy rice in Clearfield rice fields can be more complicated than previously found in other rice strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ann Yean
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; (R.-A.Y.); (S.R.)
| | - Masilamany Dilipkumar
- Rice Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), MARDI Seberang Perai, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
| | - Sadequr Rahman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; (R.-A.Y.); (S.R.)
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Beng-Kah Song
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; (R.-A.Y.); (S.R.)
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +603-5514-6099
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xuan G, Li W, Pei J, Chen Y. Synthesis and Biological Activity Evaluation of Imidazole Heterocyclic Sulfonylurea Compounds. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
43
|
Agnew-Francis KA, Tang Y, Lin X, Low YS, Wun SJ, Kuo A, Elias SMASI, Lonhienne T, Condon ND, Pimentel BNAS, Vergani CE, Smith MT, Fraser JA, Williams CM, Guddat LW. Herbicides That Target Acetohydroxyacid Synthase Are Potent Inhibitors of the Growth of Drug-Resistant Candida auris. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2901-2912. [PMID: 32986949 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, EC 2.2.1.6), the first enzyme in the branched chain amino acid biosynthesis pathway, is the target for more than 50 commercially available herbicides, and is a promising target for antimicrobial drug discovery. Herein, we have expressed and purified AHAS from Candida auris, a newly identified human invasive fungal pathogen. Thirteen AHAS inhibiting herbicides have Ki values of <2 μM for this enzyme, with the most potent having Ki values of <32 nM. Six of these compounds exhibited MIC50 values of <1 μM against C. auris (CBS10913 strain) grown in culture, with bensulfuron methyl (BSM) being fungicidal and the most potent (MIC50 of 0.090 μM) in defined minimal media. The MIC50 value increases to 0.90 μM in media enriched by the addition of branched-chain amino acids at the expected concentration in the blood serum. The sessile MIC50 for BSM is 0.6 μM. Thus, it is also an excellent inhibitor of the growth of C. auris biofilms. BSM is nontoxic in HEK-293 cells at concentrations >100 μM and thus possesses a therapeutic index of >100. These data suggest that targeting AHAS is a viable strategy for treating C. auris infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruna N. A. S. Pimentel
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Rua Humaita, 1680, 14801-903 Araraquara, SP Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Vergani
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Rua Humaita, 1680, 14801-903 Araraquara, SP Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Qu RY, Yang JF, Chen Q, Niu CW, Xi Z, Yang WC, Yang GF. Fragment-based discovery of flexible inhibitor targeting wild-type acetohydroxyacid synthase and P197L mutant. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3403-3412. [PMID: 31943722 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensifying weed resistance has challenged the use of existing acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides. Hence, there is currently an urgent requirement for the discovery of a new AHAS inhibitor to effectively control AHAS herbicide-resistant weed species produced by target mutation. RESULTS To combat weed resistance caused by AHAS with P197L mutation, we built a structure library consisting of pyrimidinyl-salicylic acid derivatives. Using the pharmacophore-linked fragment virtual screening (PFVS) approach, hit compound 8 bearing 6-phenoxymethyl substituent was identified as a potential AHAS inhibitor with antiresistance effect. Subsequently, derivatives of compound 8 were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities. The study of the enzyme-based structure-activity relationship and structure-resistance relationship studies led to the discovery of a qualified candidate, 28. This compound not only significantly inhibited the activity of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana (At) AHAS and P197L mutant, but also exhibited good antiresistance properties (RF = 0.79). Notably, compared with bispyribac at 37.5-150 g of active ingredient per hectare (g a.i. ha-1 ), compound 27 exhibited higher growth inhibition against both sensitive and resistant Descurainia sophia, CONCLUSION: The title compounds have great potential to be developed as new leads to effectively control herbicide-resistant weeds comprising AHAS with P197L mutation. Also, our study provided a positive case for discovering novel, potent and antiresistance inhibitors using a fragment-based drug design approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Cong-Wei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Chemical Biology Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ser-653-Asn substitution in the acetohydroxyacid synthase gene confers resistance in weedy rice to imidazolinone herbicides in Malaysia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227397. [PMID: 32925921 PMCID: PMC7489537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous and sole dependence on imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides for weedy rice control has led to the evolution of herbicide resistance in weedy rice populations across various countries growing IMI herbicide-resistant rice (IMI-rice), including Malaysia. A comprehensive study was conducted to elucidate occurrence, level, and mechanisms endowing resistance to IMI herbicides in putative resistant (R) weedy rice populations collected from three local Malaysian IMI-rice fields. Seed bioassay and whole-plant dose-response experiments were conducted using commercial IMI herbicides. Based on the resistance index (RI) quantification in both experiments, the cross-resistance pattern of R and susceptible (S) weedy rice populations and control rice varieties (IMI-rice variety MR220CL2 and non-IMI-rice variety MR219) to imazapic and imazapyr was determined. A molecular investigation was carried out by comparing the acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) gene sequences of the R and S populations and the MR220CL2 and MR219 varieties. The AHAS gene sequences of R weedy rice were identical to those of MR220CL2, exhibiting a Ser-653-Asn substitution, which was absent in MR219 and S plants. In vitro assays were conducted using analytical grade IMI herbicides of imazapic (99.3%) and imazapyr (99.6%) at seven different concentrations. The results demonstrated that the AHAS enzyme extracted from the R populations and MR220CL2 was less sensitive to IMI herbicides than that from S and MR219, further supporting that IMI herbicide resistance was conferred by target-site mutation. In conclusion, IMI resistance in the selected populations of Malaysian weedy rice could be attributed to a Ser-653-Asn mutation that reduced the sensitivity of the target site to IMI herbicides. To our knowledge, this study is the first to show the resistance mechanism in weedy rice from Malaysian rice fields.
Collapse
|
46
|
Grover N, Kumar A, Yadav AK, Gopala Krishnan S, Ellur RK, Bhowmick PK, Vinod KK, Bollinedi H, Nagarajan M, Viswanathan C, Sevanthi AMV, Singh NK, Mohapatra T, Singh AK. Marker Assisted Development and Characterization of Herbicide Tolerant Near Isogenic Lines of a Mega Basmati Rice Variety, "Pusa Basmati 1121". RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:68. [PMID: 32930909 PMCID: PMC7492307 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is a potential technology for sustainable rice farming as it saves water and labor. However, higher incidence of weed under DSR limits productivity. Therefore, there is a need to develop herbicide tolerant (HT) rice varieties. RESULTS We used marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB) to transfer a mutant allele of Acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) gene, which confers tolerance to imidazolinone group of herbicides from the donor parent (DP) "Robin" into the genetic background of an elite popular Basmati rice variety, Pusa Basmati 1121 (PB 1121). Foreground selection was done using the AHAS gene linked Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker RM6844 and background selection was performed using 112 genome-wide SSR markers polymorphic between PB 1121 and Robin. Phenotypic selection for agronomic, Basmati grain and cooking quality traits in each generation was carried out to improve the recovery of recurrent parent phenome (RPP). Finally, a set of 12 BC4F4 near isogenic lines (NILs), with recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 98.66 to 99.55% were developed and evaluated. PB 1121-HT NILs namely 1979-14-7-33-99-10, 1979-14-7-33-99-15 and 1979-14-7-33-99-66 were found superior to PB 1121 in yield with comparable grain and cooking quality traits and herbicide tolerance similar to Robin. CONCLUSION Overall, the present study reports successful development of HT NILs in the genetic background of popular Basmati rice variety, PB 1121 by introgression of mutated AHAS allele. This is the first report on the development of HT Basmati rice. Superior NILs are being evaluated in the national Basmati trials, the release of which is likely to provide a viable option for the adoption of DSR technology in Basmati rice cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitasha Grover
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Aruna Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Yadav
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S Gopala Krishnan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ranjith Kumar Ellur
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Prolay Kumar Bhowmick
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - K K Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Haritha Bollinedi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - M Nagarajan
- Rice Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu, 612101, India
| | - C Viswanathan
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | | | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang P, MacTavish BS, Yang G, Chen M, Roh J, Newsome KR, Bruner SD, Ding Y. Cyanobacterial Dihydroxyacid Dehydratases Are a Promising Growth Inhibition Target. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2281-2288. [PMID: 32786290 PMCID: PMC8162731 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbes are essential to the global ecosystem, but undesirable microbial growth causes issues ranging from food spoilage and infectious diseases to harmful cyanobacterial blooms. The use of chemicals to control microbial growth has achieved significant success, while specific roles for a majority of essential genes in growth control remain unexplored. Here, we show the growth inhibition of cyanobacterial species by targeting an essential enzyme for the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. Specifically, we report the biochemical, genetic, and structural characterization of dihydroxyacid dehydratase from the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (SnDHAD). Our studies suggest that SnDHAD is an oxygen-stable enzyme containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SnDHAD is selectively inhibited in vitro and in vivo by the natural product aspterric acid, which also inhibits the growth of representative bloom-forming Microcystis and Anabaena strains but has minimal effects on microbial pathogens with [4Fe-4S] containing DHADs. This study suggests DHADs as a promising target for the precise growth control of microbes and highlights the exploration of other untargeted essential genes for microbial management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peilan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| | - Brian S. MacTavish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| | - Jaehyeok Roh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| | - Kevin R. Newsome
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
| | - Steven D. Bruner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
A Trp574Leu Target-Site Mutation Confers Imazamox Resistance in Multiple Herbicide-Resistant Wild Poinsettia Populations from Brazil. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10081057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) is an important weed species in southern Brazil, especially due to the evolution of multiple herbicide resistance (e.g., acetolactate synthase (ALS)- inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, and glyphosate). The mechanism of resistance to imazamox was investigated in two wild poinsettia populations (R1 and R2) from southern Brazil and compared to a known susceptible (S) population. Imazamox dose-response experiments revealed high levels of resistance: 45-fold and 224.5-fold based on dry biomass reduction, for R1 and R2, respectively. Extremely high concentrations of imazamox (20,000 µM) were not sufficient to provide 50% inhibition of ALS enzyme activity (I50) for R1 or R2. Hence, resistance levels were estimated to be greater than 123-fold for both populations based on in vitro ALS assays. The ALS gene from all R1 and R2 plants had a Trp574Leu mutation. A genotyping assay was developed to discriminate resistant and susceptible alleles based on the Trp574Leu mutation.
Collapse
|
49
|
Lonhienne T, Low YS, Garcia MD, Croll T, Gao Y, Wang Q, Brillault L, Williams CM, Fraser JA, McGeary RP, West NP, Landsberg MJ, Rao Z, Schenk G, Guddat LW. Structures of fungal and plant acetohydroxyacid synthases. Nature 2020; 586:317-321. [PMID: 32640464 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), also known as acetolactate synthase, is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-, thiamine diphosphate- and magnesium-dependent enzyme that catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids1. It is the target for more than 50 commercial herbicides2. AHAS requires both catalytic and regulatory subunits for maximal activity and functionality. Here we describe structures of the hexadecameric AHAS complexes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and dodecameric AHAS complexes of Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that the regulatory subunits of these AHAS complexes form a core to which the catalytic subunit dimers are attached, adopting the shape of a Maltese cross. The structures show how the catalytic and regulatory subunits communicate with each other to provide a pathway for activation and for feedback inhibition by branched-chain amino acids. We also show that the AHAS complex of Mycobacterium tuberculosis adopts a similar structure, thus demonstrating that the overall AHAS architecture is conserved across kingdoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Lonhienne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Yu Shang Low
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mario D Garcia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tristan Croll
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yan Gao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lou Brillault
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - James A Fraser
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross P McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas P West
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael J Landsberg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zihe Rao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Laboratory of Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Molecular architecture of the acetohydroxyacid synthase holoenzyme. Biochem J 2020; 477:2439-2449. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) holoenzyme catalyzes the first step of branch-chain amino acid biosynthesis and is essential for plants and bacteria. It consists of a regulatory subunit (RSU) and a catalytic subunit (CSU). The allosteric mechanism of the AHAS holoenzyme has remained elusive for decades. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the AHAS holoenzyme, revealing the association between the RSU and CSU in an A2B2 mode. Structural analysis in combination with mutational studies demonstrated that the RSU dimer forms extensive interactions with the CSU dimer, in which a conserved salt bridge between R32 and D120 may act as a trigger to open the activation loop of the CSU, resulting in the activation of the CSU by the RSU. Our study reveals the activation mechanism of the AHAS holoenzyme.
Collapse
|