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Parmaksiz D, Kim Y. Navigating Central Oxytocin Transport: Known Realms and Uncharted Territories. Neuroscientist 2025; 31:234-261. [PMID: 39113465 PMCID: PMC12103645 DOI: 10.1177/10738584241268754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
Complex mechanisms govern the transport and action of oxytocin (Oxt), a neuropeptide and hormone that mediates diverse physiologic processes. While Oxt exerts site-specific and rapid effects in the brain via axonal and somatodendritic release, volume transmission via CSF and the neurovascular interface can act as an additional mechanism to distribute Oxt signals across distant brain regions on a slower timescale. This review focuses on modes of Oxt transport and action in the CNS, with particular emphasis on the roles of perivascular spaces, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and circumventricular organs in coordinating the triadic interaction among circulating blood, CSF, and parenchyma. Perivascular spaces, critical conduits for CSF flow, play a pivotal role in Oxt diffusion and distribution within the CNS and reciprocally undergo Oxt-mediated structural and functional reconstruction. While the BBB modulates the movement of Oxt between systemic and cerebral circulation in a majority of brain regions, circumventricular organs without a functional BBB can allow for diffusion, monitoring, and feedback regulation of bloodborne peripheral signals such as Oxt. Recognition of these additional transport mechanisms provides enhanced insight into the systemic propagation and regulation of Oxt activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Parmaksiz
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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2
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Mia S, Siokatas G, Sidiropoulou R, Hoffman M, Fragkiadakis K, Markopoulou E, Elesawy MI, Roy R, Blair S, Kuwabara Y, Rapushi E, Chaudhuri D, Makarewich CA, Gao E, Koch WJ, Schilling JD, Molkentin JD, Marketou M, Drosatos K. Hepato-cardiac interorgan communication controls cardiac hypertrophy via combined endocrine-autocrine FGF21 signaling. Cell Rep Med 2025:102125. [PMID: 40339570 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a hormone produced mainly by the liver but also other organs, including the heart. Although FGF21 analogs are used for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome in humans, preclinical and clinical studies have elicited mixed results about whether prolonged FGF21 signaling is protective or detrimental for cardiac function. Based on our findings, showing elevated serum and cardiac FGF21 levels in humans with increased left ventricular afterload, we explore the involvement of FGF21 in cardiac hypertrophy. Our mouse studies reveal interorgan liver-heart crosstalk, which is controlled by an initial hepatic FGF21 release followed by the induction of cardiomyocyte (CM) FGF21 expression. Tissue-specific genetic ablation or anti-sense oligonucleotide-based inhibition of FGF21 shows that, in response to pressure overload, CM FGF21 upregulation is a critical event that is stimulated by liver-derived FGF21 and drives cardiac hypertrophy likely by interfering with cardioprotective oxytocin signaling. Conclusively, the hepato-cardiac FGF21-based signaling axis governs cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobuj Mia
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Georgios Siokatas
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rafailia Sidiropoulou
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Hoffman
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Eftychia Markopoulou
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mahmoud I Elesawy
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Divison of Cardiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rajika Roy
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott Blair
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yasuhide Kuwabara
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Erjola Rapushi
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dipayan Chaudhuri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Biochemistry, Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Catherine A Makarewich
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel D Schilling
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Divison of Cardiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria Marketou
- Cardiology Department, Heraklion University General Hospital, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Sánchez JC, Martínez W, García AM, Ramírez AF, Mesa HY, Kafruni A, Herrera PM. Associations between different types of delivery, empathy, aggression, impulsivity and school bullying in children attending public and private schools in Pereira (Colombia). Heliyon 2025; 11:e42387. [PMID: 39975835 PMCID: PMC11835643 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to correlate exposure to oxytocin during childbirth with behavioral determinants in teenage students. The Barratt Questionnaire (BQ), the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and the Bryant Empathy Index (BEI), respectively measured impulsivity, aggression and empathy; the results were correlated with the roles of school bullying through the Velásquez and Pineda scale. Mothers were asked about birth circumstances. A total of 401 students were included (mean age 12 ± 1 years, 53,9 % were male, 53,3 % were attending a public school). 41,9 % of students had exogenous oxytocin exposure, 40,1 % had physiological oxytocin exposure, and 18 % had no oxytocin exposure. Regarding bullying, 75,1 % of students were classified as observers, 14,2 % were classified as victims, 6 % were classified as intimidators and 4,7 % exhibited an indifferent role. The mean value of the BPAQ was 78 ± 19, for the BEI was 78 ± 10 and for the BQ was 60 ± 10; all values were considered high. There were no significant differences among the type of delivery, sex and bullying roles or the type of delivery, aggressiveness and impulsivity according to sex; however, males had significantly lower empathy scores. There was no significant association between the type of delivery and the risk of assuming a bullying role. A regression model showed a significant association between attending a private school and a lower risk of developing a victim or intimidator role. This study could contribute to a better understanding of the processes involved in behavioral and emotional outcomes after birth, which can help to design prevention strategies to address increasing mental health problems in youth. Furthermore, this study could help emphasize the importance of promoting physiological delivery and find evidence that helps the scientific community design new work to deepen the relationship between oxytocin and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C. Sánchez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - William Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - Andrés M. García
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - Andrés F. Ramírez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - Heidy Y. Mesa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Kafruni
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
| | - Paula M. Herrera
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, 660003, Colombia
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Kheradkhah G, Sheibani M, Kianfar T, Toreyhi Z, Azizi Y. A comprehensive review on the effects of sex hormones on chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: are they lucrative or unprofitable? CARDIO-ONCOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 10:86. [PMID: 39627907 PMCID: PMC11613924 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-024-00293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the routine treatment for preventing rapid growth of the tumor cells. However, chemotherapeutic agents, especially doxorubicin cause damages to the normal cells especially cardiomyocytes. Cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs lead to the myocardial cell injury and finally causes left ventricular dysfunction. It seems that there were some differences in the severity of cardiovascular side effects of drugs used in the treatment of cancers. Sex hormones in male and female play crucial roles in cardiovascular development and physiological function of the heart and blood vessels. Gender differences and sex-specific hormones influence various aspects of cardiovascular health, including ventricular function, mitochondrial autophagy, and the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The most important gender related hormones are LH, FSH, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin and oxytocin. They exert very important cardiovascular effects via different signaling mechanisms. Sex related hormones are also important in the cardiovascular side effects of chemotherapeutic agents, so that chronic cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines is more common in women. During different stages of life (before, during, and after sexual life), the levels of these hormones will be changed. This alterations can affect cardiovascular function during physiological conditions and pathological process. Because of the importance of the sex related hormones in the cardiac function, in this review we tried to comprehensively elucidate the role of these physiological hormones in cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents with emphasizing their signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Kheradkhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tina Kianfar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Toreyhi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yang Y, Liu J, Wang L, Wu W, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Qian X, Wang Z, Fu N, Wang Y, Qian J. Oxytocin attenuates cardiac hypertrophy by improving cardiac glucose metabolism and regulating OXTR/JAK2/STAT3 axis. Peptides 2024; 182:171323. [PMID: 39613260 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progress of cardiac hypertrophy is modulated by JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cardiac glucose metabolism derangement exacerbates the progression of cardiac hypertrophy. Oxytocin (OT) has emerged as a significant hormone involved in cardiovascular homeostasis, especially in protecting against cardiac hypertrophy. The present study aims to explore whether the anti-hypertrophy effect of oxytocin is related to the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and cardiac glucose metablism. METHODS Cardiac hypertrophy model was induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in H9c2 cells and in mice with or without oxytocin treatment. Changes in cardiac histopathology were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson staining, and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining. The hypertrophy-related genes and JAK2/STAT3 pathway signaling molecules were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The levels of glucose, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, and lactate dehydrogenase activity in H9c2 cells using the corresponding assay kits. RESULTS The results showed that OT inhibited hypertrophic and fibrotic changes. Furthermore, OT increased intracellular levels of glucose and pyruvic acid, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and lactic acid levels. Mechanistically, Ang II decreased oxytocin receptors (OXTR) expression and facilitated JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation. OT treatment increased OXTR expression and blocked JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation The OXTR-specific siRNA-mediated depleted expression could abrogate OT-induced anti-hypertrophic effects in H9c2 cells following angiotensin II insult. However, the JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor AG490 rescued the protective effects of OT against cardiac hypertrophy under OXTR downregulation. CONCLUSION OT exerts its protective effects against cardiac hypertrophy by improving cardiac glucose metabolism and regulating OXTR/JAK2/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xi Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Na Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanqiong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jinqiao Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Ramos EN, Jiron GM, Danoff JS, Anderson Z, Carter CS, Perkeybile AM, Connelly JJ, Erisir A. The central oxytocinergic system of the prairie vole. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1737-1756. [PMID: 39042140 PMCID: PMC11374920 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) is a peptide hormone and a neuropeptide that regulates various peripheral physiological processes and modulates behavioral responses in the central nervous system. While the humoral release occurs from the axons arriving at the median eminence, the neuropeptide is also released from oxytocinergic cell axons in various brain structures that contain its receptor, and from their dendrites in hypothalamic nuclei and potentially into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Understanding oxytocin's complex functions requires the knowledge on patterns of oxytocinergic projections in relationship to its receptor (OXTR). This study provides the first comprehensive examination of the oxytocinergic system in the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), an animal exhibiting social behaviors that mirror human social behaviors linked to oxytocinergic functioning. Using light and electron microscopy, we characterized the neuroanatomy of the oxytocinergic system in this species. OXT+ cell bodies were found primarily in the hypothalamus, and axons were densest in subcortical regions. Examination of the OXT+ fibers and their relationship to oxytocin receptor transcripts (Oxtr) revealed that except for some subcortical structures, the presence of axons was not correlated with the amount of Oxtr across the brain. Of particular interest, the cerebral cortex that had high expression of Oxtr transcripts contained little to no fibers. Electron microscopy is used to quantify dense cored vesicles (DCV) in OXT+ axons and to identify potential axonal release sites. The ependymal cells that line the ventricles were frequently permissive of DCV-containing OXT+ dendrites reaching the third ventricle. Our results highlight a mechanism in which oxytocin is released directly into the ventricles and circulates throughout the ventricular system, may serve as the primary source for oxytocin that binds to OXTR in the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Ramos
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - G M Jiron
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J S Danoff
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Z Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - C S Carter
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - A M Perkeybile
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J J Connelly
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - A Erisir
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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7
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Tsukamoto H, Olesen ND, Petersen LG, Suga T, Sørensen H, Nielsen HB, Ogoh S, Secher NH, Hashimoto T. Circulating Plasma Oxytocin Level Is Elevated by High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:927-932. [PMID: 38115226 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated whether repeated high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) influences plasma oxytocin (OT) concentration in healthy men, and, given that OT is mainly synthesized in the hypothalamus, we assessed the concentration difference between the arterial (OT ART ) versus the internal jugular venous OT concentration (OT IJV ). Additionally, we hypothesized that an increase in cerebral OT release and the circulating concentration would be augmented by repeated HIIE. METHODS Fourteen healthy men (age = 24 ± 2 yr; mean ± SD) performed two identical bouts of HIIE. These HIIE bouts included a warm-up at 50%-60% maximal workload ( Wmax ) for 5 min followed by four bouts of exercise at 80%-90% Wmax for 4 min interspersed by exercise at 50%-60% Wmax for 3 min. The HIIE bouts were separated by 60 min of rest. OT was evaluated in blood through radial artery and internal jugular vein catheterization. RESULTS Both HIIE bouts increased both OT ART (median [IQR], from 3.9 [3.4-5.4] to 5.3 [4.4-6.3] ng·mL -1 in the first HIIE, P < 0.01) and OT IJV (from 4.6 [3.4-4.8] to 5.9 [4.3-8.2] ng·mL -1 , P < 0.01), but OT ART-IJV was unaffected (from -0.24 [-1.16 to 1.08] to 0.04 [-0.88 to 0.78] ng·mL -1 , P = 1.00). The increased OT levels were similar in the first and second HIIE bouts (OT ARTP = 0.25, OT IJVP = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS Despite no change in the cerebral OT release via the internal jugular vein, circulating OT increases during HIIE regardless of the accumulated exercise volume, indicating that OT may play role as one of the exerkines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tadashi Suga
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, JAPAN
| | - Henrik Sørensen
- Department of Anesthesia, Rigshospitalet, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Saitama, JAPAN
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anesthesia, Rigshospitalet, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK
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Tsai SF, Kuo YM. The Role of Central Oxytocin in Autonomic Regulation. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2024; 67:3-14. [PMID: 38780268 DOI: 10.4103/ejpi.ejpi-d-23-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide originating from the hypothalamus and traditionally associated with peripheral functions in parturition and lactation, has emerged as a pivotal player in the central regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This comprehensive ANS, comprising sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric components, intricately combines sympathetic and parasympathetic influences to provide unified control. The central oversight of sympathetic and parasympathetic outputs involves a network of interconnected regions spanning the neuroaxis, playing a pivotal role in the real-time regulation of visceral function, homeostasis, and adaptation to challenges. This review unveils the significant involvement of the central OXT system in modulating autonomic functions, shedding light on diverse subpopulations of OXT neurons within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and their intricate projections. The narrative progresses from the basics of central ANS regulation to a detailed discussion of the central controls of sympathetic and parasympathetic outflows. The subsequent segment focuses specifically on the central OXT system, providing a foundation for exploring the central role of OXT in ANS regulation. This review synthesizes current knowledge, paving the way for future research endeavors to unravel the full scope of autonomic control and understand multifaceted impact of OXT on physiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Tsai
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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9
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Galow AM, Brenmoehl J, Hoeflich A. Synergistic effects of hormones on structural and functional maturation of cardiomyocytes and implications for heart regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:240. [PMID: 37541969 PMCID: PMC10403476 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The limited endogenous regenerative capacity of the human heart renders cardiovascular diseases a major health threat, thus motivating intense research on in vitro heart cell generation and cell replacement therapies. However, so far, in vitro-generated cardiomyocytes share a rather fetal phenotype, limiting their utility for drug testing and cell-based heart repair. Various strategies to foster cellular maturation provide some success, but fully matured cardiomyocytes are still to be achieved. Today, several hormones are recognized for their effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation, differentiation, and function. Here, we will discuss how the endocrine system impacts cardiomyocyte maturation. After detailing which features characterize a mature phenotype, we will contemplate hormones most promising to induce such a phenotype, the routes of their action, and experimental evidence for their significance in this process. Due to their pleiotropic effects, hormones might be not only valuable to improve in vitro heart cell generation but also beneficial for in vivo heart regeneration. Accordingly, we will also contemplate how the presented hormones might be exploited for hormone-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Galow
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
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10
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Petrocelli G, Abruzzo PM, Pampanella L, Tassinari R, Marini S, Zamagni E, Ventura C, Facchin F, Canaider S. Oxytocin Modulates Osteogenic Commitment in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10813. [PMID: 37445991 PMCID: PMC10341672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) are commonly harvested in minimally invasive contexts with few ethical concerns, and exhibit self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, and trophic signaling that make them attractive candidates for cell therapy approaches. The identification of natural molecules that can modulate their biological properties is a challenge for many researchers. Oxytocin (OXT) is a neurohypophyseal hormone that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mammalian behavior, and is involved in health and well-being processes. Here, we investigated the role of OXT on hASC proliferation, migratory ability, senescence, and autophagy after a treatment of 72 h; OXT did not affect hASC proliferation and migratory ability. Moreover, we observed an increase in SA-β-galactosidase activity, probably related to the promotion of the autophagic process. In addition, the effects of OXT were evaluated on the hASC differentiation ability; OXT promoted osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, as demonstrated by Alizarin red staining and gene/protein expression analysis, while it did not affect or reduce adipogenic differentiation. We also observed an increase in the expression of autophagy marker genes at the beginning of the osteogenic process in OXT-treated hASCs, leading us to hypothesize that OXT could promote osteogenesis in hASCs by modulating the autophagic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovannamaria Petrocelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Provvidenza Maria Abruzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Luca Pampanella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Serena Marini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Elena Zamagni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Ventura
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Bioengineering of the National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (NIBB) c/o Eldor Lab, Via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Facchin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Canaider
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.P.); (P.M.A.); (L.P.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.C.)
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11
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Mota-Rojas D, Marcet-Rius M, Domínguez-Oliva A, Martínez-Burnes J, Lezama-García K, Hernández-Ávalos I, Rodríguez-González D, Bienboire-Frosini C. The Role of Oxytocin in Domestic Animal’s Maternal Care: Parturition, Bonding, and Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071207. [PMID: 37048463 PMCID: PMC10093258 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) is one of the essential hormones in the birth process; however, estradiol, prolactin, cortisol, relaxin, connexin, and prostaglandin are also present. In addition to parturition, the functions in which OXT is also involved in mammals include the induction of maternal behavior, including imprinting and maternal care, social cognition, and affiliative behavior, which can affect allo-parental care. The present article aimed to analyze the role of OXT and the neurophysiologic regulation of this hormone during parturition, how it can promote or impair maternal behavior and bonding, and its importance in lactation in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Xochimilco Campus, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Míriam Marcet-Rius
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology (IRSEA), 84400 Apt, France
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Xochimilco Campus, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Julio Martínez-Burnes
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City 87000, Mexico
| | - Karina Lezama-García
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Xochimilco Campus, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Ávalos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Cuautitlán 54714, Mexico
| | - Daniela Rodríguez-González
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Xochimilco Campus, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Cécile Bienboire-Frosini
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemical Communication, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology (IRSEA), 84400 Apt, France
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12
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The Heart as a Target of Vasopressin and Other Cardiovascular Peptides in Health and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214414. [PMID: 36430892 PMCID: PMC9699305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The automatism of cardiac pacemaker cells, which is tuned, is regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including cardiovascular peptides. The cardiovascular peptides (CPs) form a group of essential paracrine factors affecting the function of the heart and vessels. They may also be produced in other organs and penetrate to the heart via systemic circulation. The present review draws attention to the role of vasopressin (AVP) and some other cardiovascular peptides (angiotensins, oxytocin, cytokines) in the regulation of the cardiovascular system in health and cardiovascular diseases, especially in post-infarct heart failure, hypertension and cerebrovascular strokes. Vasopressin is synthesized mostly by the neuroendocrine cells of the hypothalamus. There is also evidence that it may be produced in the heart and lungs. The secretion of AVP and other CPs is markedly influenced by changes in blood volume and pressure, as well as by other disturbances, frequently occurring in cardiovascular diseases (hypoxia, pain, stress, inflammation). Myocardial infarction, hypertension and cardiovascular shock are associated with an increased secretion of AVP and altered responsiveness of the cardiovascular system to its action. The majority of experimental studies show that the administration of vasopressin during ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest improves resuscitation, however, the clinical studies do not present consisting results. Vasopressin cooperates with the autonomic nervous system (ANS), angiotensins, oxytocin and cytokines in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and its interaction with these regulators is altered during heart failure and hypertension. It is likely that the differences in interactions of AVP with ANS and other CPs have a significant impact on the responsiveness of the cardiovascular system to vasopressin in specific cardiovascular disorders.
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13
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Cicekliyurt MM, Dermenci B. Relationship between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism and hypertension in Turkish population. Rev Port Cardiol 2022; 41:911-916. [PMID: 36266116 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Known to play a key role in uterine contraction and milk ejection, the neuropeptide, oxytocin, has cardiovascular effects. To date, the known cardiovascular effects of oxytocin are blood pressure lowering (caused by natriuresis and atrial natriuretic peptide release), negative inotropic and chronotropic effect caused by parasympathetic neuromodulation, anti-stress effect and vasodilation mediated by activation of the nitric oxide pathway. The clinical significance of the rs2268498 polymorphism in oxytocin receptors in these effects is controversial. Based on the known genetic inheritance of hypertension, our research aimed to determine whether the presence of the rs2268498 oxytocin receptor (OXTR) allele C affects hypertension in our region. METHODS This article is a case-control study conducted in the Turkish population. About 140 normotensive and 140 isolated hypertensive volunteers included in the research and genotyped with real-time PCR hybridization method via melt curve analysis. RESULTS Oxytocin receptor rs2268498 polymorphism was assessed in terms of the risk of hypertension and hypertensive individuals were compared to the control group. OXTR rs2268498 polymorphism was not found to be a significant risk factor for dominant, recessive and additive modeled hypertension (ORdominant: 0.966, 95% CI: 0.57-1.61, p: 0.9; ORrecessive: 1, 95% CI: 0.58-1.71, p: 1.0 and ORoverall: 0.98, chi2=0.01). CONCLUSION We concluded that rs2268498 single nucleotide polymorphism is not a risk factor for hypertension in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve M Cicekliyurt
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Begum Dermenci
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Health Sciences Institute, Medical System Biology Department, Canakkale, Turkey
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14
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Tsingotjidou AS. Oxytocin: A Multi-Functional Biomolecule with Potential Actions in Dysfunctional Conditions; From Animal Studies and Beyond. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1603. [PMID: 36358953 PMCID: PMC9687803 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted from definite neuroendocrine neurons located in specific nuclei in the hypothalamus (mainly from paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei), and its main known function is the contraction of uterine and/or mammary gland cells responsible for parturition and breastfeeding. Among the actions of the peripherally secreted oxytocin is the prevention of different degenerative disorders. These actions have been proven in cell culture and in animal models or have been tested in humans based on hypotheses from previous studies. This review presents the knowledge gained from the previous studies, displays the results from oxytocin intervention and/or treatment and proposes that the well described actions of oxytocin might be connected to other numerous, diverse actions of the biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Smith JA, Eikenberry SA, Scott KA, Baumer-Harrison C, de Lartigue G, de Kloet AD, Krause EG. Oxytocin and cardiometabolic interoception: Knowing oneself affects ingestive and social behaviors. Appetite 2022; 175:106054. [PMID: 35447163 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining homeostasis while navigating one's environment involves accurately assessing and interacting with external stimuli while remaining consciously in tune with internal signals such as hunger and thirst. Both atypical social interactions and unhealthy eating patterns emerge as a result of dysregulation in factors that mediate the prioritization and attention to salient stimuli. Oxytocin is an evolutionarily conserved peptide that regulates attention to exteroceptive and interoceptive stimuli in a social environment by functioning in the brain as a modulatory neuropeptide to control social behavior, but also in the periphery as a hormone acting at oxytocin receptors (Oxtr) expressed in the heart, gut, and peripheral ganglia. Specialized sensory afferent nerve endings of Oxtr-expressing nodose ganglia cells transmit cardiometabolic signals via the Vagus nerve to integrative regions in the brain that also express Oxtr(s). These brain regions are influenced by vagal sensory pathways and coordinate with external events such as those demanding attention to social stimuli, thus the sensations related to cardiometabolic function and social interactions are influenced by oxytocin signaling. This review investigates the literature supporting the idea that oxytocin mediates the interoception of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems, and that the modulation of this awareness likewise influences social cognition. These concepts are then considered in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder, exploring how atypical social behavior is comorbid with cardiometabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Smith
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sophia A Eikenberry
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Karen A Scott
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Caitlin Baumer-Harrison
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guillaume de Lartigue
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Annette D de Kloet
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric G Krause
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Oxytocin and oxytocin receptors are synthesized in the periphery where paracrine/autocrine actions have been described alongside endocrine actions effected by central release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary. In the female reproductive system, classical actions of uterine contraction and milk ejection from mammary glands are accompanied by actions in the ovaries where roles in steroidogenesis, follicle recruitment and ovulation have been described. Steroidogenesis, contractile activity, and gamete health are similarly affected by oxytocin in the male reproductive tract. In the cardiovascular system, a local oxytocinergic system appears to play an important cardio-protective role. This role is likely associated with emerging evidence that peripheral oxytocin is an important hormone in the endocrinology of glucose homeostasis due to its actions in adipose, the pancreas, and the largely ignored oxytocinergic systems of the adrenal glands and liver. Gene polymorphisms are shown to be associated with a number of reported traits, not least factors associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Assinder
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Wsol A, Gondek A, Podobinska M, Chmielewski M, Sajdel-Sułkowska E, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A. Increased oxytocinergic system activity in the cardiac muscle in spontaneously hypertensive SHR rats. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:1088-1094. [PMID: 35832696 PMCID: PMC9266931 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.85446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to determine whether the presence of cardiac hypertrophy due to arterial hypertension is associated with a change in the activity of the oxytocinergic system in cardiomyocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The experiments were performed on male, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 10) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, n = 12). Blood samples were collected from both SHR and WKY animals to asses plasma oxytocin (OT) concentration; the rats were sacrificed by decapitation. Samples of the left and right ventricles were harvested for the analysis of the OT and oxytocin receptor (OTR) protein by ELISA, and OT and OTR mRNA expression by RT-PCR. Immunohistopathological studies were performed to confirm the presence of OTR receptors in the cardiac muscle of the ventricles. RESULTS Plasma OT concentration did not differ between SHR and WKY rats. In the SHR rats, the expression of OT mRNA and the OT protein level was higher in the left and the right ventricle, while OTR mRNA expression was significantly lower in both the left and the right ventricle. However, the level of OTR protein was higher only in the left ventricle of the SHR rats. The presence of OTR receptors was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis in the muscle of the right and left ventricle. CONCLUSIONS The presence of arterial hypertension is associated with increased activity of the oxytocinergic system in the heart, especially in the area of the left ventricle. These findings support the important role of this system in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wsol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of the Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gondek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of the Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Podobinska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of the Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Chmielewski
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Hypertension, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sajdel-Sułkowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of the Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of the Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Wasserman AH, Huang AR, Lewis-Israeli YR, Dooley MD, Mitchell AL, Venkatesan M, Aguirre A. Oxytocin promotes epicardial cell activation and heart regeneration after cardiac injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:985298. [PMID: 36247002 PMCID: PMC9561106 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.985298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and frequently leads to massive heart injury and the loss of billions of cardiac muscle cells and associated vasculature. Critical work in the last 2 decades demonstrated that these lost cells can be partially regenerated by the epicardium, the outermost mesothelial layer of the heart, in a process that highly recapitulates its role in heart development. Upon cardiac injury, mature epicardial cells activate and undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to form epicardium-derived progenitor cells (EpiPCs), multipotent progenitors that can differentiate into several important cardiac lineages, including cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. In mammals, this process alone is insufficient for significant regeneration, but it might be possible to prime it by administering specific reprogramming factors, leading to enhanced EpiPC function. Here, we show that oxytocin (OXT), a hypothalamic neuroendocrine peptide, induces epicardial cell proliferation, EMT, and transcriptional activity in a model of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived epicardial cells. In addition, we demonstrate that OXT is produced after cardiac cryoinjury in zebrafish, and that it elicits significant epicardial activation promoting heart regeneration. Oxytocin signaling is also critical for proper epicardium development in zebrafish embryos. The above processes are significantly impaired when OXT signaling is inhibited chemically or genetically through RNA interference. RNA sequencing data suggests that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway is the primary mediator of OXT-induced epicardial activation. Our research reveals for the first time an evolutionary conserved brain-controlled mechanism inducing cellular reprogramming and regeneration of the injured mammalian and zebrafish heart, a finding that could contribute to translational advances for the treatment of cardiac injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H Wasserman
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Amanda R Huang
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Yonatan R Lewis-Israeli
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - McKenna D Dooley
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Allison L Mitchell
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Manigandan Venkatesan
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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19
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The Gasotransmitter Hydrogen Sulfide and the Neuropeptide Oxytocin as Potential Mediators of Beneficial Cardiovascular Effects through Meditation after Traumatic Events. TRAUMA CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/traumacare1030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma and its related psychological and somatic consequences are associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity. The regulation of both the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) have been reported to be affected during physical and psychological trauma. Both mediators are likely molecular correlates of trauma-induced cardiovascular complications, because they share parallel roles and signaling pathways in the cardiovascular system, both locally as well as on the level of central regulation and the vagus nerve. Meditation can alter the structure of specific brain regions and can have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. This perspective article summarizes the evidence pointing toward the significance of H2S and OT signaling in meditation-mediated cardio-protection.
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20
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Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Wsol A, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Żera T. Complementary Role of Oxytocin and Vasopressin in Cardiovascular Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11465. [PMID: 34768894 PMCID: PMC8584236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurons secreting oxytocin (OXY) and vasopressin (AVP) are located mainly in the supraoptic, paraventricular, and suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain. Oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic projections reach several regions of the brain and the spinal cord. Both peptides are released from axons, soma, and dendrites and modulate the excitability of other neuroregulatory pathways. The synthesis and action of OXY and AVP in the peripheral organs (eye, heart, gastrointestinal system) is being investigated. The secretion of OXY and AVP is influenced by changes in body fluid osmolality, blood volume, blood pressure, hypoxia, and stress. Vasopressin interacts with three subtypes of receptors: V1aR, V1bR, and V2R whereas oxytocin activates its own OXTR and V1aR receptors. AVP and OXY receptors are present in several regions of the brain (cortex, hypothalamus, pons, medulla, and cerebellum) and in the peripheral organs (heart, lungs, carotid bodies, kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, ovaries, uterus, thymus). Hypertension, myocardial infarction, and coexisting factors, such as pain and stress, have a significant impact on the secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin and on the expression of their receptors. The inappropriate regulation of oxytocin and vasopressin secretion during ischemia, hypoxia/hypercapnia, inflammation, pain, and stress may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.); (A.C.-J.); (T.Ż.)
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21
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Niu J, Tong J, Blevins JE. Oxytocin as an Anti-obesity Treatment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:743546. [PMID: 34720864 PMCID: PMC8549820 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.743546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health concern, as it increases risk for heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cancer, COVID-19 related hospitalizations and mortality. However, current weight loss therapies are often associated with psychiatric or cardiovascular side effects or poor tolerability that limit their long-term use. The hypothalamic neuropeptide, oxytocin (OT), mediates a wide range of physiologic actions, which include reproductive behavior, formation of prosocial behaviors and control of body weight. We and others have shown that OT circumvents leptin resistance and elicits weight loss in diet-induced obese rodents and non-human primates by reducing both food intake and increasing energy expenditure (EE). Chronic intranasal OT also elicits promising effects on weight loss in obese humans. This review evaluates the potential use of OT as a therapeutic strategy to treat obesity in rodents, non-human primates, and humans, and identifies potential mechanisms that mediate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingJing Niu
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jenny Tong
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James E. Blevins
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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22
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McCook O, Denoix N, Radermacher P, Waller C, Merz T. H 2S and Oxytocin Systems in Early Life Stress and Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163484. [PMID: 34441780 PMCID: PMC8397059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Today it is well established that early life stress leads to cardiovascular programming that manifests in cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms by which this occurs, are not fully understood. This perspective review examines the relevant literature that implicates the dysregulation of the gasomediator hydrogen sulfide and the neuroendocrine oxytocin systems in heart disease and their putative mechanistic role in the early life stress developmental origins of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, interesting hints towards the mutual interaction of the hydrogen sulfide and OT systems are identified, especially with regards to the connection between the central nervous and the cardiovascular system, which support the role of the vagus nerve as a communication link between the brain and the heart in stress-mediated cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-731-500-60185; Fax: +49-731-500-60162
| | - Nicole Denoix
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (N.D.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
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Belém-Filho IJA, Brasil TFS, Fortaleza EAT, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Corrêa FMA. A functional selective effect of oxytocin secreted under restraint stress in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 904:174182. [PMID: 34004212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Restraint stress (RS) is an unavoidable stress model that triggers activation of the autonomic nervous system, endocrine activity, and behavioral changes in rodents. Furthermore, RS induces secretion of oxytocin into the bloodstream, indicating a possible physiological role in the stress response in this model. The presence of oxytocin receptors in vessels and heart favors this possible idea. However, the role of oxytocin secreted in RS and effects on the cardiovascular system are still unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of oxytocin on cardiovascular effects during RS sessions. Rats were subjected to pharmacological (blockade of either oxytocin, vasopressin, or muscarinic receptors) or surgical (hypophysectomy or sinoaortic denervation) approaches to study the functional role of oxytocin and its receptor during RS. Plasma levels of oxytocin and vasopressin were measured after RS. RS increased arterial pressure, heart rate, and plasma oxytocin content, but not vasopressin. Treatment with atosiban (a Gi biased agonist) inhibited restraint-evoked tachycardia without affecting blood pressure. However, this effect was no longer observed after sinoaortic denervation, homatropine (M2 muscarinic antagonist) treatment or hypophysectomy, indicating that parasympathetic activation mediated by oxytocin secreted to the periphery is responsible for blocking the increase in tachycardic responses observed in the atosiban-treated group. Corroborating this, L-368,899 (oxytocin antagonist) treatment showed an opposite effect to atosiban, increasing tachycardic responses to restraint. Thus, this provides evidence that oxytocin secreted to the periphery attenuates tachycardic responses evoked by restraint via increased parasympathetic activity, promoting cardioprotection by reducing the stress-evoked heart rate increase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taíz Francine Silva Brasil
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Antunes-Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Morgan Aguiar Corrêa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Ellis BJ, Horn AJ, Carter CS, van IJzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ. Developmental programming of oxytocin through variation in early-life stress: Four meta-analyses and a theoretical reinterpretation. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 86:101985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Paiva L, Lozic M, Allchorne A, Grinevich V, Ludwig M. Identification of peripheral oxytocin-expressing cells using systemically applied cell-type specific adeno-associated viral vector. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e12970. [PMID: 33851744 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin is primarily synthesised in the brain and is widely known for its role in lactation and parturition after being released into the blood from the posterior pituitary gland. Nevertheless, peripheral tissues have also been reported to express oxytocin. Using systemic injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector, we investigated the expression of the green fluorescent protein Venus under the control of the oxytocin promoter in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and testes of adult rats. Here, we confirm that the vector infects oxytocin neurones of the enteric nervous system in ganglia of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. Venus was detected in 25%-60% of the ganglia in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses identified by co-staining with the neuronal marker PGP9.5. Oxytocin expression was also detected in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and the Leydig cells of the testes. Our data illustrate that peripheral administration of the viral vector represents a powerful method for selectively labelling oxytocin-producing cells outside the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Paiva
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maja Lozic
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Allchorne
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mike Ludwig
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Immunology, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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26
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Gogakos AI, Gogakos T, Kita M, Efstathiadou ZA. Pituitary Dysfunction as a Cause of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:5573-5583. [PMID: 33155896 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824999201105165351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary axis is responsible for the neuroendocrine control of several organ systems. The anterior pituitary directly affects the functions of the thyroid gland, the adrenal glands, and gonads, and regulates growth and milk production. The posterior hypophysis, through nerve connections with the hypothalamic nuclei, releases vasopressin and oxytocin responsible for water balance and social bonding, sexual reproduction and childbirth, respectively. Pituitary gland hormonal excess or deficiency results in dysregulation of metabolic pathways and mechanisms that are important for the homeostasis of the organism and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular (CV) disorders are common in pituitary disease and have a significant impact on survival. Hormonal imbalance is associated with CV complications either through direct effects on the heart structure and function and vasculature or indirectly by altering the metabolic profile. Optimal endocrine control can prevent or reverse CV defects and preserve survival and quality of life. In this review, we discuss the effects of pituitary hormone excess and deficiency on the CV system. Specifically, we assess the impact of Somatotroph, Corticotroph, Gonadotroph, and Lactotroph anterior pituitary axes on the CV system. The effect of posterior pituitary function on the CV system is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos I Gogakos
- Department of Endocrinology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tasos Gogakos
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Marina Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoe A Efstathiadou
- Department of Endocrinology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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27
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Oxytocin Downregulates the Ca V1.2 L-Type Ca 2+ Channel via Gi/cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway in Cardiomyocytes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11040234. [PMID: 33806201 PMCID: PMC8066716 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and its receptor (OTR) are expressed in the heart and are involved in the physiological cardiovascular functional system. Although it is known that OT/OTR signaling is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving cardiovascular function, the role of OT in the cardiac electrical excitation modulation has not been clarified. This study investigates the molecular mechanism of the action of OT on cardiomyocyte membrane excitation focusing on the L-type Ca2+ channel. Our methodology uses molecular biological methods and a patch-clamp technique on rat cardiomyocytes with OT, combined with several signal inhibitors and/or activators. Our results show that long-term treatment of OT significantly decreases the expression of Cav1.2 mRNA, and reduces the L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa.L) in cardiomyocytes. OT downregulates the phosphorylated component of a transcription factor adenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB), whose action is blocked by OTR antagonist and pertussis toxin, a specific inhibitor of the inhibitory GTP-binding regulators of adenylate cyclase, Gi. On the other hand, the upregulation of Cav1.2 mRNA expression by isoproterenol is halted by OT. Furthermore, inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) was without effect on the OT action to downregulate Cav1.2 mRNA—which suggests a signal pathway of Gi/protein kinase A (PKA)/CREB mediated by OT/OTR. These findings indicate novel signaling pathways of OT contributing to a downregulation of the Cav1.2-L-type Ca2+ channel in cardiomyocytes.
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28
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Luo D, Jin B, Zhai X, Li J, Liu C, Guo W, Li J. Oxytocin promotes hepatic regeneration in elderly mice. iScience 2021; 24:102125. [PMID: 33659883 PMCID: PMC7895748 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver aging impairs the ability of hepatocyte regeneration. Recent studies have found that oxytocin (OT) plays an important role in promoting tissue repair and maintaining differentiation and regeneration of stem cells. Here, we reported that OT receptors, which are specifically located in hepatocytes, decrease with aging in human and mice. Interestingly, the level of serum OT also decline with age. Notably, OT promotes hepatocyte regeneration only in aged mice but not in young mice in vitro and in vivo. Further studies reveal that OT promotes autophagy in either AML12 mouse hepatocytes or aged mice after partial hepatectomy or with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. In conclusion, OT promotes liver regeneration, especially in aged mice, which may be achieved by promoting autophagy. All these results support the possibility of OT and its analog being a potent anti-aging drug and promote liver rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Bin Jin
- Department of general surgery, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Department of general surgery, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Chuanyong Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of general surgery, Qilu hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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29
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Jankowski M, Broderick TL, Gutkowska J. The Role of Oxytocin in Cardiovascular Protection. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2139. [PMID: 32982875 PMCID: PMC7477297 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of oxytocin on infarct size and functional recovery of the ischemic reperfused heart are well documented. The mechanisms for this cardioprotection are not well defined. Evidence indicates that oxytocin treatment improves cardiac work, reduces apoptosis and inflammation, and increases scar vascularization. Oxytocin-mediated cytoprotection involves the production of cGMP stimulated by local release of atrial natriuretic peptide and synthesis of nitric oxide. Treatment with oxytocin reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and reduces immune cell infiltration. Oxytocin also stimulates differentiation stem cells to cardiomyocyte lineages as well as generation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, promoting angiogenesis. The beneficial actions of oxytocin may include the increase in glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes, reduction in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, decrease in oxidative stress, and mitochondrial protection of several cell types. In cardiac and cellular models of ischemia and reperfusion, acute administration of oxytocin at the onset of reperfusion enhances cardiomyocyte viability and function by activating Pi3K and Akt phosphorylation and downstream cellular signaling. Reperfusion injury salvage kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins cardioprotective pathways are involved. Oxytocin is cardioprotective by reducing the inflammatory response and improving cardiovascular and metabolic function. Because of its pleiotropic nature, this peptide demonstrates a clear potential for the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies. In this review, we discuss the possible cellular mechanisms of action of oxytocin involved in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Montreal Hospital Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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30
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Denoix N, McCook O, Ecker S, Wang R, Waller C, Radermacher P, Merz T. The Interaction of the Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide and Oxytocin Systems in Fluid Regulation and the Cardiovascular System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E748. [PMID: 32823845 PMCID: PMC7465147 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to explore the parallel roles and interaction of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and oxytocin (OT) in cardiovascular regulation and fluid homeostasis. Their interaction has been recently reported to be relevant during physical and psychological trauma. However, literature reports on H2S in physical trauma and OT in psychological trauma are abundant, whereas available information regarding H2S in psychological trauma and OT in physical trauma is much more limited. This review summarizes recent direct and indirect evidence of the interaction of the two systems and their convergence in downstream nitric oxide-dependent signaling pathways during various types of trauma, in an effort to better understand biological correlates of psychosomatic interdependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Denoix
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Oscar McCook
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Sarah Ecker
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany;
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Tamara Merz
- Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.E.); (P.R.); (T.M.)
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31
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Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Sadowski B. Differential role of specific cardiovascular neuropeptides in pain regulation: Relevance to cardiovascular diseases. Neuropeptides 2020; 81:102046. [PMID: 32284215 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In many instances, the perception of pain is disproportionate to the strength of the algesic stimulus. Excessive or inadequate pain sensation is frequently observed in cardiovascular diseases, especially in coronary ischemia. The mechanisms responsible for individual differences in the perception of cardiovascular pain are not well recognized. Cardiovascular disorders may provoke pain in multiple ways engaging molecules released locally in the heart due to tissue ischemia, inflammation or cellular stress, and through neurogenic and endocrine mechanisms brought into action by hemodynamic disturbances. Cardiovascular neuropeptides, namely angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], vasopressin, oxytocin, and orexins belong to this group. Although participation of these peptides in the regulation of circulation and pain has been firmly established, their mutual interaction in the regulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases has not been profoundly analyzed. In the present review we discuss the regulation of the release, and mechanisms of the central and systemic actions of these peptides on the cardiovascular system in the context of their central and peripheral nociceptive (Ang II) and antinociceptive [Ang-(1-7), vasopressin, oxytocin, orexins] properties. We also consider the possibility that they may play a significant role in the modulation of pain in cardiovascular diseases. The rationale for focusing attention on these very compounds was based on the following premises (1) cardiovascular disturbances influence the release of these peptides (2) they regulate vascular tone and cardiac function and can influence the intensity of ischemia - the factor initiating pain signals in the cardiovascular system, (3) they differentially modulate nociception through peripheral and central mechanisms, and their effect strongly depends on specific receptors and site of action. Accordingly, an altered release of these peptides and/or pharmacological blockade of their receptors may have a significant but different impact on individual sensation of pain and comfort of an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogdan Sadowski
- School of Engineering and Health, Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 18, Warsaw, Poland
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32
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Perspectives of Pitocin administration on behavioral outcomes in the pediatric population: recent insights and future implications. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04047. [PMID: 32509991 PMCID: PMC7264063 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin plays an important role in the regulation of parturition as this peptide hormone promotes uterine smooth muscle contractility in gravid women undergoing labor. Here, we review the impact of Pitocin administration on behavioral outcomes in the pediatric population. Pitocin is a synthetic preparation of oxytocin widely used in the obstetric practice for the management of labor and postpartum hemorrhage. We begin by tracing the neuroanatomy of oxytocin-containing cells from an evolutionary perspective and then summarize key findings on behavioral and neural activity reported from offspring dosed with Pitocin during vaginal delivery. Finally, we discuss future directions that are experimentally tractable for understanding the developmental consequences of Pitocin administration on a small but growing subset of children worldwide. Given that fetal past experiences can shape the future behavior of the adult, further work on oxytocin signaling pathways will provide valuable references and insights for early-brain development and state-dependent regulation of behavioral outcome.
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33
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Japundžić-Žigon N, Lozić M, Šarenac O, Murphy D. Vasopressin & Oxytocin in Control of the Cardiovascular System: An Updated Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:14-33. [PMID: 31544693 PMCID: PMC7327933 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666190717150501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) in 1953, considerable knowledge has been gathered about their roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. Unraveling VP vasoconstrictor properties and V1a receptors in blood vessels generated powerful hemostatic drugs and drugs effective in the treatment of certain forms of circulatory collapse (shock). Recognition of the key role of VP in water balance via renal V2 receptors gave birth to aquaretic drugs found to be useful in advanced stages of congestive heart failure. There are still unexplored actions of VP and OT on the cardiovascular system, both at the periphery and in the brain that may open new venues in treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After a brief overview on VP, OT and their peripheral action on the cardiovascular system, this review focuses on newly discovered hypothalamic mechanisms involved in neurogenic control of the circulation in stress and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maja Lozić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Šarenac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Murphy
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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34
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Benoni A, Renzini A, Cavioli G, Adamo S. Neurohypophyseal hormones and skeletal muscle: a tale of two faces. Eur J Transl Myol 2020; 30:8899. [PMID: 32499895 PMCID: PMC7254424 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurohypophyseal hormones vasopressin and oxytocin were invested, in recent years, with novel functions upon striated muscle, regulating its differentiation, trophism, and homeostasis. Recent studies highlight that these hormones not only target skeletal muscle but represent novel myokines. We discuss the possibility of exploiting the muscle hypertrophying activity of oxytocin to revert muscle atrophy, including cancer cachexia muscle wasting. Furthermore, the role of oxytocin in cardiac homeostasis and the possible role of cardiac atrophy as a concause of death in cachectic patients is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Benoni
- Histology and Embryology Section, Dept. AHFOS, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renzini
- Histology and Embryology Section, Dept. AHFOS, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cavioli
- Histology and Embryology Section, Dept. AHFOS, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Adamo
- Histology and Embryology Section, Dept. AHFOS, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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35
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Szczepanska-Sadowska E, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Wsol A. The role of oxytocin and vasopressin in the pathophysiology of heart failure in pregnancy and in fetal and neonatal life. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H639-H651. [PMID: 32056469 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00484.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy and early life create specific psychosomatic challenges for the mother and child, such as changes in hemodynamics, resetting of the water-electrolyte balance, hypoxia, pain, and stress, that all play an important role in the regulation of the release of oxytocin and vasopressin. Both of these hormones regulate the water-electrolyte balance and cardiovascular functions, maturation of the cardiovascular system, and cardiovascular responses to stress. These aspects may be of particular importance in a state of emergency, such as hypertension in the mother or severe heart failure in the child. In this review, we draw attention to a broad spectrum of actions exerted by oxytocin and vasopressin in the pregnant mother and the offspring during early life. To this end, we discuss the following topics: 1) regulation of the secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin and expression of their receptors in the pregnant mother and child, 2) direct and indirect effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on the cardiovascular system in the healthy mother and fetus, and 3) positive and negative consequences of altered secretion of oxytocin and vasopressin in the mother with cardiovascular pathology and in the progeny with heart failure. The present survey provides evidence that moderate stimulation of the oxytocin and vasopressin receptors plays a beneficial role in the healthy pregnant mother and fetus; however, under pathophysiological conditions the inappropriate action of these hormones exerts several negative effects on the cardiovascular system of the mother and progeny and may potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of heart failure in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Szczepanska-Sadowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Wsol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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36
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Buemann B, Uvnäs-Moberg K. Oxytocin may have a therapeutical potential against cardiovascular disease. Possible pharmaceutical and behavioral approaches. Med Hypotheses 2020; 138:109597. [PMID: 32032912 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on the ancient role of oxytocin and its homologues as amplifiers of reproduction we argue for an evolutionary coupling of oxytocin to signaling pathway which support restorative mechanisms of cells and tissue. In particular, the survival and function of different categories of stem cells and primordial cells are enhanced by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Furthermore, oxytocin stimulates the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway (AMPK) in numerous of cell types which promotes the maintenance of different cell structures. This involves autophagic processes and, in particular, may support the renewal of mitochondria. Mitochondrial fitness may protect against oxidative and inflammatory stress - a well-documented effect of oxytocin. The combined specific trophic and protective effects oxytocin may delay several degenerative phenomena including sarcopenia, type-2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. These effects may be exerted both on a central level supporting the function and integrity of the hypothalamus and peripherally acting directly on blood vessels, pancreas, heart, skeletal muscles and adipose tissue etc. Furthermore, in the capacity of being both a hormone and neuromodulator, oxytocin interacts with numerous of regulatory mechanisms particularly the autonomic nervous system and HPA-axis which may reduce blood pressure and affect the immune function. The potential of the oxytocin system as a behavioral and molecular target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease is discussed. Focus is put on the affiliative and sexual significance and the different options and limitations associated with a pharmaceutical approach. MeSH: Aging, Atherosclerosis, Heart, Hypothalamus, Inflammation, Love, Orgasm, Oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skara, Sweden
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37
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Reiss AB, Glass DS, Lam E, Glass AD, De Leon J, Kasselman LJ. Oxytocin: Potential to mitigate cardiovascular risk. Peptides 2019; 117:170089. [PMID: 31112739 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, despite multiple treatment options. In addition to elevated lipid levels, oxidative stress and inflammation are key factors driving atherogenesis and CVD. New strategies are required to mitigate risk and most urgently for statin-intolerant patients. The neuropeptide hormone oxytocin, synthesized in the brain hypothalamus, is worthy of consideration as a CVD ancillary treatment because it moderates factors directly linked to atherosclerotic CVD such as inflammation, weight gain, food intake and insulin resistance. Though initially studied for its contribution to parturition and lactation, oxytocin participates in social attachment and bonding, associative learning, memory and stress responses. Oxytocin has shown promise in animal models of atherosclerosis and in some human studies as well. A number of properties of oxytocin make it a candidate CVD treatment. Oxytocin not only lowers fat mass and cytokine levels, but also improves glucose tolerance, lowers blood pressure and relieves anxiety. Further, it has an important role in communication in the gut-brain axis that makes it a promising treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Oxytocin acts through its receptor which is a class I G-protein-coupled receptor present in cells of the vascular system including the heart and arteries. While oxytocin is not used for heart disease at present, residual CVD risk remains in a substantial portion of patients despite multidrug regimens, leaving open the possibility of using the endogenous nonapeptide as an adjunct therapy. This review discusses the possible role for oxytocin in human CVD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA.
| | - Daniel S Glass
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Eric Lam
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Amy D Glass
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
| | - Lora J Kasselman
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola NY 11501, USA
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Wang P, Wang SC, Yang H, Lv C, Jia S, Liu X, Wang X, Meng D, Qin D, Zhu H, Wang YF. Therapeutic Potential of Oxytocin in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:454. [PMID: 31178679 PMCID: PMC6537480 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cardiovascular disease responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The major pathophysiological basis of CAD is atherosclerosis in association with varieties of immunometabolic disorders that can suppress oxytocin (OT) receptor (OTR) signaling in the cardiovascular system (CVS). By contrast, OT not only maintains cardiovascular integrity but also has the potential to suppress and even reverse atherosclerotic alterations and CAD. These protective effects of OT are associated with its protection of the heart and blood vessels from immunometabolic injuries and the resultant inflammation and apoptosis through both peripheral and central approaches. As a result, OT can decelerate the progression of atherosclerosis and facilitate the recovery of CVS from these injuries. At the cellular level, the protective effect of OT on CVS involves a broad array of OTR signaling events. These signals mainly belong to the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway that is composed of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase cascades and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2. Additionally, AMP-activated protein kinase, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase signaling and many others are also implicated in OTR signaling in the CVS protection. These signaling events interact coordinately at many levels to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of apoptotic pathways. A particular target of these signaling events is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial oxidative stress that interact through mitochondria-associated ER membrane. In contrast to these protective effects and machineries, rare but serious cardiovascular disturbances were also reported in labor induction and animal studies including hypotension, reflexive tachycardia, coronary spasm or thrombosis and allergy. Here, we review our current understanding of the protective effect of OT against varieties of atherosclerotic etiologies as well as the approaches and underlying mechanisms of these effects. Moreover, potential cardiovascular disturbances following OT application are also discussed to avoid unwanted effects in clinical trials of OT usages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Stephani C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Forth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Danian Qin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Jovanovic P, Spasojevic N, Puskas N, Stefanovic B, Dronjak S. Oxytocin modulates the expression of norepinephrine transporter, β 3-adrenoceptors and muscarinic M 2 receptors in the hearts of socially isolated rats. Peptides 2019; 111:132-141. [PMID: 29969648 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Social stress produces behavioral alterations, and autonomic and cardiac dysfunction in animals. In addition to the well-known roles of oxytocin on birth and maternal bonding, recent evidence shows that this neuropeptide possesses cardio-protective properties. However less is known about its role in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system. The direct influence of oxytocin on the cardiac catecholamine synthesizing enzyme, transport beta-adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors in animals exposed to chronic social isolation stress has not yet been studied. In this study, we examined the influence of peripheral chronic oxytocin treatment on anxiety-related behavior, the morphology and content of epinephrine and norepinephrine, mRNA and protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), norepinephrine transporter (NET) and receptors <beta> 3 (β3-AR) and muscarinic 2 (M2 MR) in the right and left cardiac atrium and ventricle of chronically socially isolated male rats. Our results show that oxytocin treatment exhibits an anxiolytic effect, decreases the heart/body weight ratio and prevents the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in the wall of the left ventricle of stressed rats. Epinephrine and TH protein levels were unchanged after prolonged oxytocin treatment. Peripheral oxytocin administration led to the enhancement of gene expression of β3-AR in both atria, NET protein in the left ventricle and gene expression of M2 MR in the right atrium and the left ventricle of chronically socially isolated rats. The study provides evidence that oxytocin treatment in chronically socially isolated animals enhances norepinephrine uptake and expression of cardio-inhibitory receptors in cardiac tissues, which could have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system under the increased activity of the sympathoneural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Jovanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Spasojevic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nela Puskas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Đ. Kostić", University of Belgrade, Višegradska, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stefanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Dronjak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Applied Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine & Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and University Hospital, University of Oulu, Finland.
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Clark A, Houlden RL. Oxytocin Deficiency and Spontaneous onset of Labor and Lactation in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. AACE Clin Case Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.4158/accr-2018-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Jung C, Wernly B, Bjursell M, Wiseman J, Admyre T, Wikström J, Palmér M, Seeliger F, Lichtenauer M, Franz M, Frick C, Andersson AK, Elg M, Pernow J, Sjöquist PO, Bohlooly-Y M, Wang QD. Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Oxytocin Receptor Leads to Cardiomyopathy in Mice. J Card Fail 2018; 24:470-478. [PMID: 29802896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (Oxt) and its receptor (Oxtr) gene system has been implicated in cardiomyogenesis and cardioprotection; however, effects of chronic activation of Oxtr are not known. We generated and investigated transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress Oxtr specifically in the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac-specific overexpression of Oxtr was obtained by having the α-major histocompatibility complex promoter drive the mouse Oxtr gene (α-Mhc-Oxtr). Left ventricular (LV) function and remodeling were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. In α-Mhc-Oxtr TG mice, LV ejection fraction was severely compromised at 14 weeks of age compared with wild-type (WT) littermates (25 ± 6% vs 63 ± 3%; P < .001). LV end-diastolic volume was larger in the TG mice (103 ± 6 µL vs 67 ± 5 µL; P < .001). α-Mhc-Oxtr TG animals displayed cardiac fibrosis, atrial thrombus, and increased expression of pro-fibrogenic genes. Mortality of α-Mhc-Oxtr TG animals was 45% compared with 0% (P < .0001) of WT littermates by 20 weeks of age. Most cardiomyocytes of α-Mhc-Oxtr TG animals but not WT littermates (68.0 ± 12.1% vs 5.6 ± 2.4%; P = .008) were positive in staining for nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). To study if thrombin inhibitor prevents thrombus formation, a cohort of 7-week-old α-Mhc-Oxtr TG mice were treated for 12 weeks with AZD0837, a potent thrombin inhibitor. Treatment with AZD0837 reduced thrombus formation (P < .05) and tended to attenuate fibrosis and increase survival. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac-specific overexpression of Oxtr had negative consequences on LV function and survival in mice. The present findings necessitate further studies to investigate potential adverse effects of chronic Oxt administration. We provide a possible mechanism of Oxtr overexpression leading to heart failure by nuclear factor of activated T cell signaling. The recapitulation of human heart failure and the beneficial effects of the antithrombin inhibitor render the α-Mhc-Oxtr TG mice a promising tool in drug discovery for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mikael Bjursell
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Wiseman
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Therese Admyre
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johannes Wikström
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Palmér
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frank Seeliger
- Drug safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Charlotte Frick
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Katrin Andersson
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Elg
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Per-Ove Sjöquist
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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De-masking oxytocin-deficiency in craniopharyngioma and assessing its link with affective function. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 88:61-69. [PMID: 29175721 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus in patients with craniopharyngioma (CP), little is known about the functioning of the neuropeptide oxytocin in these patients. This is of special interest as tumor-associated lesions often impair sites critical for oxytocin production and release, and affective dysfunction in CP links with elsewhere reported prosocial, antidepressant and anxiolytic oxytocin effects. Using a prospective study-design, we tested whether oxytocin is reduced in CP-patients, and whether altered oxytocin levels account for affective and emotional dysfunction. 26 adult CP-patients and 26 healthy controls matched in sex and age underwent physical exercise, a stimulus previously shown to induce oxytocin release. Baseline and stimulated salivary oxytocin levels, as well as empathy, depression and anxiety scores were measured. Results showed that patients overall did not present with lower baseline oxytocin levels than controls (F[1,30]=0.21, p=0.649), but baseline oxytocin levels were indeed reduced in patients with hypothalamic damage, as assessed by MRI-based grading (F[2,9.79]=4.54, p=0.040). In response to exercise-induced stimulation, all CP-patients showed a blunted oxytocin-release compared to controls (F[1,30]=9.36, p=0.005). DI was not associated with oxytocin levels. Regarding affective function, unexpectedly, higher baseline oxytocin was related to higher trait anxiety (b=2.885, t(43)=2.421, p=0.020, CI[.478; 5.292]); the positive link with higher depression failed to reach statistical significance (b=1.928, t(43)=1.949, p=0.058, CI[-0.070; 3.927]). A blunted oxytocin-release was linked with higher state anxiety (b=-0.133, t(43)=-2.797, p=0.008, CI[-0.230; -0.037]). Empathy was not associated with oxytocin measures. In conclusion, we observed reduced baseline oxytocin levels only in CP-patients with hypothalamic damage. Exercise-induced stimulation de-masked an oxytocin-deficiency in all CP-patients. Baseline oxytocin levels and stimulated OT-responses might have different effects on affective function, which should be considered in future substitution paradigms.
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Stanić D, Plećaš-Solarović B, Mirković D, Jovanović P, Dronjak S, Marković B, Đorđević T, Ignjatović S, Pešić V. Oxytocin in corticosterone-induced chronic stress model: Focus on adrenal gland function. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 80:137-146. [PMID: 28343139 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress conditions can lead to considerable and extensible changes in physiological and psychological performances, and in emergence of risk for various somatic diseases. On the other hand, the neuropeptide oxytocin is reported to increase the resistance of the organism to stress and modulate activity of autonomic nervous system. Chronic corticosterone administration is used as a rat model for a state observed in terms of chronic stress exposure, when negative feedback mechanism of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity is disrupted. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether chronic administration of oxytocin (10 IU/400μL/day for 14days, s.c.) influenced adrenal gland morphology and activity in adult male Wistar rats during long-term corticosterone administration via drinking water (100mg/L for 21days). We examined the influence of treatments on the levels of adrenal gland hormones, corticosterone, adrenaline and noradrenaline, as well as their response to an acute stress challenge evoked by 15-min forced swimming. In addition, the expression of two main monoamine transporters, the noradrenaline transporter (NAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in adrenal medulla was measured in the rats exposed to acute stress. Our results showed that oxytocin treatment prevented corticosterone-induced decrease in body weight gain, attenuated adrenal gland atrophy by increasing glandular weight, and the area of the zona fasciculate and reticularis. Chronic corticosterone intake blunted the response of all measured hormones to acute stress, whereas concomitant oxytocin treatment reversed adrenaline and noradrenaline response to acute stress. Furthermore, in adrenal medulla, oxytocin produced significant vasodilatation and stimulated expression of both catecholamine transporters detected both on mRNA and protein level. Our data suggest that oxytocin, by reducing atrophy of adrenal gland, and by increasing catecholamine storage capacity, may be beneficial in conditions accompanied with high glucocorticoid levels, such as chronic stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušanka Stanić
- Department of Physiology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia
| | | | - Duško Mirković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia
| | - Predrag Jovanović
- Institute "VINČA", Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Dronjak
- Institute "VINČA", Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Marković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia
| | - Tea Đorđević
- Department of Physiology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Ignjatović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia
| | - Vesna Pešić
- Department of Physiology, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Serbia.
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Rash JA, Toivonen K, Robert M, Nasr-Esfahani M, Jarrell JF, Campbell TS. Protocol for a placebo-controlled, within-participants crossover trial evaluating the efficacy of intranasal oxytocin to improve pain and function among women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014909. [PMID: 28416501 PMCID: PMC5775465 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This protocol presents the rationale and design for a trial evaluating the efficacy of intranasal oxytocin in improving pain and function among women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. Oxytocin is a neuropeptide traditionally recognised for involvement in labour, delivery and lactation. Novel evidence suggests that oxytocin decreases pain sensitivity in humans. While oxytocin administration has been reported to lower pain sensitivity among patients experiencing chronic back pain, headache, constipation and colon pain, no research has evaluated the association between intranasal oxytocin and chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. The association between oxytocin and pain may differ in women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain relative to other chronic pain conditions because of the abundance of oxytocin receptors in the uterus. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, within-participants crossover trial. 50 women with chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain will be recruited through a local chronic pain centre and gynaecology clinics. Women will complete baseline measures and be randomised to an experimental or control condition that involve 2 weeks of self-administering twice-daily doses of 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo, respectively. Women will then undergo a 2-week washout period before crossing over to receive the condition that they had not yet received. The primary outcome will be pain and function measured using the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form. Secondary outcomes include emotional function, sleep disturbance and global impression of change. This trial will provide data on the 14-day safety and side-effect profile of intranasal oxytocin self-administered as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pelvic musculoskeletal pain. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial was granted approval from Health Canada and the University of Calgary Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, and is registered online at ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT02888574). Results will be disseminated to healthcare professionals through peer-reviewed publications and to the general public through press releases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02888574; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Rash
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Kirsti Toivonen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Magali Robert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryam Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John F Jarrell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tavis S Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Berio E, Divari S, Starvaggi Cucuzza L, Biolatti B, Cannizzo FT. 17 β-estradiol upregulates oxytocin and the oxytocin receptor in C2C12 myotubes. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3124. [PMID: 28382233 PMCID: PMC5376115 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The endocrinology of skeletal muscle is highly complex and many issues about hormone action in skeletal muscle are still unresolved. Aim of the work is to improve our knowledge on the relationship between skeletal muscle and 17β-estradiol. Methods The skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 was treated with 17β-estradiol, the oxytocin peptide and a combination of the two hormones. The mRNA levels of myogenic regulatory factors, myosin heavy chain, oxytocin, oxytocin receptor and adipogenic factors were analysed in C2C12 myotubes. Results It was demonstrated that C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes express oxytocin and its receptor, in particular the receptor levels physiologically increase in differentiated myotubes. Myotubes treated with 17β-estradiol overexpressed oxytocin and oxytocin receptor genes by approximately 3- and 29-fold, respectively. A decrease in the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (0.62-fold), a fat metabolism-associated gene, was observed in oxytocin-treated myotubes. On the contrary, fatty acid binding protein 4 was upregulated (2.66-fold) after the administration of the combination of 17β-estradiol and oxytocin. 17β-estradiol regulates oxytocin and its receptor in skeletal muscle cells and they act in a synergic way on fatty acid metabolism. Discussion Oxytocin and its receptor are physiologically regulated along differentiation. 17β-estradiol regulates oxytocin and its receptor in skeletal muscle cells. 17β-estradiol and oxytocin act in a synergic way on fatty acid metabolism. A better understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle homeostasis by estrogens and oxytocin peptide could contribute to increase our knowledge of muscle and its metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Berio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin , Grugliasco , Torino , Italy
| | - Sara Divari
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin , Grugliasco , Torino , Italy
| | | | - Bartolomeo Biolatti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin , Grugliasco , Torino , Italy
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Houshmand F, Faghihi M, Imani A, Kheiri S. Effect of different doses of oxytocin on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias induced by ischemia. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2017; 8:131-137. [PMID: 29184844 PMCID: PMC5680620 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_178_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of acute myocardial ischemia (MI) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal ventricular arrhythmias. This study investigated that whether oxytocin (OT) can modulate ischemia-induced arrhythmias and considered relationships between the severity of arrhythmia and the electrocardiogram parameters during ischemia. OT (0.0001–1 μg) was administrated intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia. To examine receptor involved, a selective OT-receptor antagonist, atosiban (ATO), was infused 10 min before OT. OT caused a significant and biphasic dose-dependent reduction in ectopic heart activity and arrhythmia score. OT doses that reduced ventricular arrhythmia elicited significant increase in QT interval. OT attenuated the electrophysiological changes associated with MI and there was significant direct relationship between QRS duration and arrhythmia score. ATO treatment reduced beneficial effects of OT on arrhythmogenesis. Nevertheless, ATO failed to alter OT effects on premature ventricular contractions. We assume that the ability of OT to modulate the electrical activity of the heart may play an important role in the antiarrhythmic actions of OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Houshmand
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, I.R.Iran
| | - Mahdieh Faghihi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R.Iran
| | - Alireza Imani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R.Iran
| | - Soleiman Kheiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, I.R.Iran
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Polshekan M, Jamialahmadi K, Khori V, Alizadeh AM, Saeidi M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Jand Y, Ghahremani MH, Yazdani Y. RISK pathway is involved in oxytocin postconditioning in isolated rat heart. Peptides 2016; 86:55-62. [PMID: 27717750 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway is a fundamental signal transduction cascade in the cardioprotective mechanism of ischemic postconditioning. In the present study, we examined the cardioprotective role of oxytocin as a postconditioning agent via activation of the RISK pathway (PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2). Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups. The hearts were subjected under 30minutes (min) ischemia and 100min reperfusion. OT was perfused 15min at the early phase of reperfusion. RISK pathway inhibitors (Wortmannin; an Akt inhibitor, PD98059; an ERK1/2 inhibitor) and Atosiban (an OT receptor antagonist) were applied either alone 10min before the onset of the ischemia or in the combination with OT during early reperfusion phase. Myocardial infarct size, hemodynamic factors, ventricular arrhythmia, coronary flow and cardiac biochemical marker were measured at the end of reperfusion. OT postconditioning (OTpost), significantly decreased the infarct size, arrhythmia score, incidence of ventricular fibrillation, Lactate dehydrogenase and it increased coronary flow. The cardioprotective effect of OTpos was abrogated by PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2 inhibitors and Atosiban. Our data have shown that OTpost can activate RISK pathway mostly via the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling cascades during the early phase of reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirali Polshekan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Modern Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Mohsen Saeidi
- Stem cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yahya Jand
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center and Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Increased Activity of the Intracardiac Oxytocinergic System in the Development of Postinfarction Heart Failure. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3652068. [PMID: 27957495 PMCID: PMC5121437 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3652068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the development of postinfarction heart failure is associated with a change of activity of the intracardiac oxytocinergic system. Methods. Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to myocardial infarction or sham surgery. Four weeks after the surgery, blood samples were collected and the samples of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) were harvested for evaluation of the mRNA expression (RT-PCR) of oxytocin (OT), oxytocin receptor (OTR), natriuretic peptides, and the level of OT and OTR protein (ELISA). The concentration of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide was measured to determine the presence of heart failure. Results. Plasma NT-proBNP concentration was higher in the infarcted rats. In the infarcted rats, the expression of OT mRNA and the OT protein level were higher in the RV. There were no significant differences between infarcted and noninfarcted rats in the expression of OT mRNA and in the OT protein level in the fragments of the LV. In both the left and the right ventricles, OTR mRNA expression was lower but the level of OTR protein was higher in the infarcted rats. Conclusions. In the present study, we indicate that postinfarction heart failure is associated with an increased activity of the intracardiac oxytocinergic system.
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Jankowski M, Broderick TL, Gutkowska J. Oxytocin and cardioprotection in diabetes and obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2016; 16:34. [PMID: 27268060 PMCID: PMC4895973 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-016-0110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) emerges as a drug for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. The entire OT system is synthesized in the rat and human heart. The direct myocardial infusion with OT into an ischemic or failing heart has the potential to elicit a variety of cardioprotective effects. OT treatment attenuates cardiomyocyte (CMs) death induced by ischemia-reperfusion by activating pro-survival pathways within injured CMs in vivo and in isolated cells. OT treatment reduces cardiac apoptosis, fibrosis, and hypertrophy. The OT/OT receptor (OTR) system is downregulated in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes which develops genetic diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) similar to human disease. We have shown that chronic OT treatment prevents the development of DC in the db/db mouse. In addition, OT stimulates glucose uptake in both cardiac stem cells and CMs, and increases cell resistance to diabetic conditions. OT may help replace lost CMs by stimulating the in situ differentiation of cardiac stem cells into functional mature CMs. Lastly, adult stem cells amenable for transplantation such as MSCs could be preconditioned with OT ex vivo and implanted into the injured heart to aid in tissue regeneration through direct differentiation, secretion of protective and cardiomyogenic factors and/or their fusion with injured CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM (7-134), Tour Viger, 900 St-Denis St., Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Midwestern University, Agave Hall, office 217-B, 19555 North 59th Avenue, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM (7-134), Tour Viger, 900 St-Denis St., Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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