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Huynh NV, Rehage C, Hyndman KA. Mild dehydration effects on the murine kidney single-nucleus transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F717-F732. [PMID: 37767569 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00161.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily, we may experience mild dehydration with a rise in plasma osmolality that triggers the release of vasopressin. Although the effect of dehydration is well characterized in collecting duct principal cells (CDPCs), we hypothesized that mild dehydration (<12 h) results in many kidney cell-specific changes in transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility. Single-nucleus (sn) multiome (RNA-assay for transposase-accessible chromatin) sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing of kidneys from male and female mice that were mildly water deprived or not were compared. Water-deprived mice had a significant increase in plasma osmolality. sn-multiome-seq resulted in 19,837 nuclei that were annotated into 33 clusters. In CDPCs, aquaporin 2 (Aqp2) and aquaporin 3 (Apq3) were greater in dehydrated mice, but there were novel genes like gremlin 2 (Grem2; a cytokine) that were increased compared with ad libitum mice. The transcription factor cAMP-responsive element modulator (Crem) was greater in CDPCs of dehydrated mice, and the Crem DNA motif was more accessible. There were hundreds of sex- and dehydration-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) throughout the kidney, especially in the proximal tubules and thin limbs. In male mice, DEGs were enriched in pathways related to lipid metabolism, whereas female DEGs were enriched in organic acid metabolism. Many highly expressed genes had a positive correlation with increased chromatin accessibility, and mild dehydration exerted many transcriptional changes that we detected at the chromatin level. Even with a rise in plasma osmolality, male and female kidneys have distinct transcriptomes suggesting that there may be diverse mechanisms used to remain in fluid balance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The kidney consists of >30 cell types that work collectively to maintain fluid-electrolyte balance. Kidney single-nucleus transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility profiles from male and female control (ad libitum water and food) or mildly dehydrated mice (ad libitum food, water deprivation) were determined. Mild dehydration caused hundreds of cell- and sex-specific transcriptomic changes, even though the kidney function to conserve water was the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nha Van Huynh
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Cassidy Rehage
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Kelly A Hyndman
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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2
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Login FH, Nejsum LN. Aquaporin water channels: roles beyond renal water handling. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:604-618. [PMID: 37460759 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are pivotal to renal water handling and therefore in the regulation of body water homeostasis. However, beyond the kidney, AQPs facilitate water reabsorption and secretion in other cells and tissues, including sweat and salivary glands and the gastrointestinal tract. A growing body of evidence has also revealed that AQPs not only facilitate the transport of water but also the transport of several small molecules and gases such as glycerol, H2O2, ions and CO2. Moreover, AQPs are increasingly understood to contribute to various cellular processes, including cellular migration, adhesion and polarity, and to act upstream of several intracellular and intercellular signalling pathways to regulate processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell invasiveness. Of note, several AQPs are highly expressed in multiple cancers, where their expression can correlate with the spread of cancerous cells to lymph nodes and alter the response of cancers to conventional chemotherapeutics. These data suggest that AQPs have diverse roles in various homeostatic and physiological systems and may be exploited for prognostics and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric H Login
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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3
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Volkart S, Kym U, Braissant O, Delgado-Eckert E, Al-Samir S, Angresius R, Huo Z, Holland-Cunz S, Gros SJ. AQP1 in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice: Expression Pattern and Impact of AQP1 Knockout on Colonic Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043616. [PMID: 36835026 PMCID: PMC9959819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is one of thirteen known mammalian aquaporins. Its main function is the transport of water across cell membranes. Lately, a role of AQP has been attributed to other physiological and pathological functions including cell migration and peripheral pain perception. AQP1 has been found in several parts of the enteric nervous system, e.g., in the rat ileum and in the ovine duodenum. Its function in the intestine appears to be multifaceted and is still not completely understood. The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution and localization of AQP1 in the entire intestinal tract of mice. AQP1 expression was correlated with the hypoxic expression profile of the various intestinal segments, intestinal wall thickness and edema, as well as other aspects of colon function including the ability of mice to concentrate stools and their microbiome composition. AQP1 was found in a specific pattern in the serosa, the mucosa, and the enteric nervous system throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The highest amount of AQP1 in the gastrointestinal tract was found in the small intestine. AQP1 expression correlated with the expression profiles of hypoxia-dependent proteins such as HIF-1α and PGK1. Loss of AQP1 through knockout of AQP1 in these mice led to a reduced amount of bacteroidetes and firmicutes but an increased amount of the rest of the phyla, especially deferribacteres, proteobacteria, and verrucomicrobia. Although AQP-KO mice retained gastrointestinal function, distinct changes regarding the anatomy of the intestinal wall including intestinal wall thickness and edema were observed. Loss of AQP1 might interfere with the ability of the mice to concentrate their stool and it is associated with a significantly different composition of the of the bacterial stool microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Volkart
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Kym
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Microcalorimetry Unit, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edgar Delgado-Eckert
- Computational Physiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering at University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samer Al-Samir
- Vegetative Physiologie 4220, Zentrum Physiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Angresius
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zihe Huo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Holland-Cunz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie J. Gros
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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4
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Aquaporins Display a Diversity in their Substrates. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:1-23. [PMID: 35986775 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins constitute a family of transmembrane proteins that function to transport water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. Aquaporins family members are found in diverse life forms. Aquaporins share the common structural fold consisting of six transmembrane alpha helices with a central water-transporting channel. Four such monomers assemble together to form tetramers as their biological unit. Initially, aquaporins were discovered as water-transporting channels, but several studies supported their involvement in mediating the facilitated diffusion of different solutes. The so-called water channel is able to transport a variety of substrates ranging from a neutral molecule to a charged molecule or a small molecule to a bulky molecule or even a gas molecule. This article gives an overview of a diverse range of substrates conducted by aquaporin family members. Prime focus is on human aquaporins where aquaporins show a wide tissue distribution and substrate specificity leading to various physiological functions. This review also highlights the structural mechanisms leading to the transport of water and glycerol. More research is needed to understand how one common fold enables the aquaporins to transport an array of solutes.
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Aslesh T, Al-aghbari A, Yokota T. Assessing the Role of Aquaporin 4 in Skeletal Muscle Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021489. [PMID: 36675000 PMCID: PMC9865462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Water transport across the biological membranes is mediated by aquaporins (AQPs). AQP4 and AQP1 are the predominantly expressed AQPs in the skeletal muscle. Since the discovery of AQP4, several studies have highlighted reduced AQP4 levels in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and mouse models, and other neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) such as sarcoglycanopathies and dysferlinopathies. AQP4 loss is attributed to the destabilizing dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) in DMD leading to compromised water permeability in the skeletal muscle fibers. However, AQP4 knockout (KO) mice appear phenotypically normal. AQP4 ablation does not impair physical activity in mice but limits them from achieving the performance demonstrated by wild-type mice. AQP1 levels were found to be upregulated in DMD models and are thought to compensate for AQP4 loss. Several groups investigated the expression of other AQPs in the skeletal muscle; however, these findings remain controversial. In this review, we summarize the role of AQP4 with respect to skeletal muscle function and findings in NMDs as well as the implications from a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal Aslesh
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ammar Al-aghbari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 116 St. and 85 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- The Friends of Garret Cumming Research and Muscular Dystrophy Canada HM Toupin Neurological Science Research Chair, 8812 112 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(780)-492-1102
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Aquaporins as Prognostic Biomarker in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020331. [PMID: 36672280 PMCID: PMC9856769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that affects millions of males worldwide. Despite rapid advances in molecular biology and innovation in technology, few biomarkers have been forthcoming in prostate cancer. The currently available biomarkers for the prognosis of prostate cancer are inadequate and face challenges, thus having limited clinical utility. To date, there are a number of prognostic and predictive biomarkers identified for prostate cancer but lack specificity and sensitivity to guide clinical decision making. There is still tremendous scope for specific biomarkers to understand the natural history and complex biology of this heterogeneous disease, and to identify early treatment responses. Accumulative studies indicate that aquaporins (AQPs) a family of membrane water channels may serve as a prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer in monitoring disease advancement. In the present review, we discuss the existing prostate cancer biomarkers, their limitations, and aquaporins as a prospective biomarker of prognostic significance in prostate cancer.
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Qiu Z, Jiang T, Li Y, Wang W, Yang B. Aquaporins in Urinary System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:155-177. [PMID: 36717493 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There are at least eight aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in the kidney. Including AQP1 expressed in proximal tubules, thin descending limb of Henle and vasa recta; AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP6 expressed in collecting ducts; AQP7 expressed in proximal tubules; AQP8 expressed in proximal tubules and collecting ducts; and AQP11 expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum of proximal tubular epithelial cells. Over years, researchers have constructed different AQP knockout mice and explored the effect of AQP knockout on kidney function. Thus, the roles of AQPs in renal physiology are revealed, providing very useful information for addressing fundamental questions about transepithelial water transport and the mechanism of near isoosmolar fluid reabsorption. This chapter introduces the localization and function of AQPs in the kidney and their roles in different kidney diseases to reveal the prospects of AQPs in further basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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8
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Costa IPD, Hautem N, Schiano G, Uchida S, Nishino T, Devuyst O. Fasting influences aquaporin expression, water transport and adipocyte metabolism in the peritoneal membrane. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:1408-1420. [PMID: 36520078 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The water channels AQP1 and AQP7 are abundantly expressed in the peritoneal membrane. While AQP1 facilitates water transport during peritoneal dialysis (PD), the role of AQP7, which mediates glycerol transport during fasting, remains unknown. METHODS We investigated the distribution of AQP7 and AQP1 and used a mouse model of PD to investigate the role of AQP7 in the peritoneal membrane at baseline and after fasting. Results. Single nucleus RNA-sequencing revealed that AQP7 was mostly detected in mature adipocytes, whereas AQP1 was essentially expressed in endothelial cells. Fasting induced significant decreases in whole body fat, plasma glucose, insulin, and triglycerides, as well as higher plasma glycerol and corticosterone levels in mice, paralleled by major decreases in adipocyte size and levels of fatty acid synthase and leptin, and increased levels of hormone sensitive lipase mRNAs in the peritoneum. Mechanistically, fasting upregulated the expression of AQP1 and AQP7 in the peritoneum, with increased ultrafiltration but no change in small solute transport. Studies based on Aqp1 and Aqp7 knockout mice and RU-486 inhibition demonstrated that the glucocorticoid induction of AQP1 mediates the increase in ultrafiltration whereas AQP7 regulates the size of adipocytes in the peritoneum. CONCLUSIONS Fasting induces a coordinated regulation of lipolytic and lipogenic factors and aqua(glycero)porins in the peritoneum, driving structural and functional changes. These data yield novel information on the specific roles of aquaporins in the peritoneal membrane and indicate that fasting improves fluid removal in a mouse model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gugliemo Schiano
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shinichi Uchida
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- IREC, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Du Z, Yan Q, Shen E, Weinstein AM, Wang T. Regulation of glomerulotubular balance. IV. Implication of aquaporin 1 in flow-dependent proximal tubule transport and cell volume. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F642-F653. [PMID: 36108052 PMCID: PMC9705020 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00167.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is the principal water pathway for isotonic water reabsorption in the kidney proximal tubule (PT). We investigated flow-mediated fluid (Jv) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) reabsorption in PTs of the mouse kidney by microperfusion in wild-type (WT) and AQP1 knockout (KO) mice. Experiments were simulated in an adaptation of a mathematical model of the rat PT. An increase in perfusion rate from 5 to 20 nL/min increased Jv and [Formula: see text] in PTs of WT mice. AQP1 KO mice significantly decreased Jv at low and high flow rates compared with control. In contrast, [Formula: see text] was not reduced at either low or high flow rates. Cell volume showed no significant difference between WT and AQP1 KO mice. Renal clearance experiments showed significantly higher urine flow in AQP1 KO mice, but there was no significant difference in either Na+ and K+ or [Formula: see text] excretion. Acid-base parameters of blood pH, Pco2, [Formula: see text], and urine pH were the same in both WT and KO mice. In model calculations, tubules whose tight junction (TJ) water permeability (Pf) was that assigned to the rat TJ, showed no difference in Jv between WT and KO, whereas TJ Pf set to 25% of the rat predicted Jv concordant with our observations from AQP1 KO. These results affirm the dominance of AQP1 in mediating isotonic water reabsorption by the mouse PT and demonstrate that flow-stimulated [Formula: see text] reabsorption is intact and independent of AQP1. With reference to the model, the findings also suggest that TJ water flux in the PT is less prominent in the mouse than in the rat kidney.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found an absence of flow-dependent modulation of fluid absorption but no effect on either proximal tubule (PT) [Formula: see text] absorption or acid-base parameters in the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) knockout mouse. We affirmed the dominance of the water channel AQP1 in mediating isotonic water reabsorption by the mouse PT and demonstrated that flow-stimulated [Formula: see text] reabsorption is independent of AQP1. With reference to the model, the findings also suggest that tight junctional water flux in the PT is less prominent in the mouse than rat kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Du
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Qingshang Yan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emma Shen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alan M Weinstein
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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10
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Yi Y, Qiu G, Liu H, Gao F, Liu X, Chen Y, Yang M. Hypotonic induction of aquaporin5 expression in rat astrocytes through p38 MAPK pathway. Anat Histol Embryol 2022; 51:769-780. [PMID: 36006764 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brain oedema is a common pathological phenomenon following many diseases and may lead to severe secondary damage. Astrocytes are the most numerous cells in the brain. Five aquaporins (AQPs) have been found in mature astrocytes, which play crucial roles in water transportation. However, most studies have focused on AQP4 or AQP9 and whether another aquaporin such as AQP5 involved in brain oedema is unclear. Here, we addressed the issue that the expression pattern of AQP5 in rat astrocytes in vitro was altered in the hypotonic condition through some mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways. Primary astrocytes were randomly divided into the control group and the hypotonic group. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT test. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of AQP5. Western blotting was used to detect the variation of MAPK pathway. The present study demonstrated that incubation of astrocytes in the hypotonic medium produced an increase inAQP5 expression, and AQP5 peaked at 6-12 h after hypotension solution exposure. In addition, MAPK pathways were set in motion under hypotension, but not all branches. Only the p38 inhibitor can inhibit AQP5 expression in cultured astrocytes. AQP5 is directly related to the extracellular hypotonic stimuli in astrocytes, which could be regulated through the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Yi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Lab Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoping Qiu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Neuroscience, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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López-Cayuqueo KI, Planells-Cases R, Pietzke M, Oliveras A, Kempa S, Bachmann S, Jentsch TJ. Renal Deletion of LRRC8/VRAC Channels Induces Proximal Tubulopathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:1528-1545. [PMID: 35777784 PMCID: PMC9342636 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021111458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) are heterohexamers of LRRC8A with LRRC8B, -C, -D, or -E in various combinations. Depending on the subunit composition, these swelling-activated channels conduct chloride, amino acids, organic osmolytes, and drugs. Despite VRACs' role in cell volume regulation, and large osmolarity changes in the kidney, neither the localization nor the function of VRACs in the kidney is known. METHODS Mice expressing epitope-tagged LRRC8 subunits were used to determine the renal localization of all VRAC subunits. Mice carrying constitutive deletions of Lrrc8b-e, or with inducible or cell-specific ablation of Lrrc8a, were analyzed to assess renal functions of VRACs. Analysis included histology, urine and serum parameters in different diuresis states, and metabolomics. RESULTS The kidney expresses all five VRAC subunits with strikingly distinct localization. Whereas LRRC8C is exclusively found in vascular endothelium, all other subunits are found in the nephron. LRRC8E is specific for intercalated cells, whereas LRRC8A, LRRC8B, and LRRC8D are prominent in basolateral membranes of proximal tubules. Conditional deletion of LRRC8A in proximal but not distal tubules and constitutive deletion of LRRC8D cause proximal tubular injury, increased diuresis, and mild Fanconi-like symptoms. CONCLUSIONS VRAC/LRRC8 channels are crucial for the function and integrity of proximal tubules, but not for more distal nephron segments despite their larger need for volume regulation. LRRC8A/D channels may be required for the basolateral exit of many organic compounds, including cellular metabolites, in proximal tubules. Proximal tubular injury likely results from combined accumulation of several transported molecules in the absence of VRAC channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen I. López-Cayuqueo
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosa Planells-Cases
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pietzke
- Integrative Metabolomics and Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology/Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Oliveras
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kempa
- Integrative Metabolomics and Proteomics, Berlin Institute of Medical Systems Biology/Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Department of Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Jentsch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany,NeuroCure Centre of Excellence, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Zhang Y, Song C, Ni W, Pei Q, Wang C, Ying Y, Yao M. HSP70 Ameliorates Septic Acute Kidney Injury via Binding with TRAF6 to Inhibit of Inflammation-Mediated Apoptosis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2213-2228. [PMID: 35411167 PMCID: PMC8994667 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s352717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenlu Song
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Pei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youguo Ying
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Min Yao; Youguo Ying, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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13
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Cellular Distribution of Brain Aquaporins and Their Contribution to Cerebrospinal Fluid Homeostasis and Hydrocephalus. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040530. [PMID: 35454119 PMCID: PMC9025855 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain aquaporins facilitate the movement of water between the four water compartments: blood, cerebrospinal fluid, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid. This work analyzes the expression of the four most abundant aquaporins (AQPs) (AQP1, AQP4, AQP9, and AQP11) in the brains of mice and discuss their contribution to hydrocephalus. We analyzed available data from single-cell RNA sequencing of the central nervous system of mice to describe the expression of aquaporins and compare their distribution with that based on qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry assays. Expression of AQP1 in the apical cell membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells and of AQP4 in ependymal cells, glia limitans, and astrocyte processes in the pericapillary end foot is consistent with the involvement of both proteins in cerebrospinal fluid homeostasis. The expression of both aquaporins compensates for experimentally induced hydrocephalus in the animals. Recent data demonstrate that hypoxia in aged animals alters AQP4 expression in the choroidal plexus and cortex, increasing the ventricle size and intraventricular pressure. Cerebral distensibility is reduced in parallel with a reduction in cerebrospinal fluid drainage and cognitive deterioration. We propose that aged mice chronically exposed to hypoxia represent an excellent experimental model for studying the pathophysiological characteristics of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and roles for AQPs in such disease.
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14
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MacAulay N, Keep RF, Zeuthen T. Cerebrospinal fluid production by the choroid plexus: a century of barrier research revisited. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:26. [PMID: 35317823 PMCID: PMC8941821 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) envelops the brain and fills the central ventricles. This fluid is continuously replenished by net fluid extraction from the vasculature by the secretory action of the choroid plexus epithelium residing in each of the four ventricles. We have known about these processes for more than a century, and yet the molecular mechanisms supporting this fluid secretion remain unresolved. The choroid plexus epithelium secretes its fluid in the absence of a trans-epithelial osmotic gradient, and, in addition, has an inherent ability to secrete CSF against an osmotic gradient. This paradoxical feature is shared with other 'leaky' epithelia. The assumptions underlying the classical standing gradient hypothesis await experimental support and appear to not suffice as an explanation of CSF secretion. Here, we suggest that the elusive local hyperosmotic compartment resides within the membrane transport proteins themselves. In this manner, the battery of plasma membrane transporters expressed in choroid plexus are proposed to sustain the choroidal CSF secretion independently of the prevailing bulk osmotic gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Richard F Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Zeuthen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Li X, Jiang B, Zou Y, Zhang J, Fu YY, Zhai XY. Roxadustat (FG-4592) Facilitates Recovery From Renal Damage by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Folic Acid. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:788977. [PMID: 35280255 PMCID: PMC8915431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.788977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Incomplete recovery from acute kidney injury induced by folic acid is a major risk factor for progression to chronic kidney disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered a crucial contributor to maladaptive repair in acute kidney injury. Treatment with FG-4592, an inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase, is emerging as a new approach to attenuate renal damage; however, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The current research demonstrated the protective effect of FG-4592 against renal dysfunction and histopathological damage on the 7th day after FA administration. FG-4592 accelerated tubular repair by promoting tubular cell regeneration, as indicated by increased proliferation of cell nuclear antigen-positive tubular cells, and facilitated structural integrity, as reflected by up-regulation of the epithelial inter-cellular tight junction molecule occludin-1 and the adherens junction molecule E-cadherin. Furthermore, FG-4592 ameliorated tubular functional recovery by restoring the function-related proteins aquaporin1, aquaporin2, and sodium chloride cotransporter. Specifically, FG-4592 pretreatment inhibited hypoxia inducible factor-1α activation on the 7th day after folic acid injection, which ameliorated ultrastructural abnormalities, promoted ATP production, and attenuated excessive reactive oxygen species production both in renal tissue and mitochondria. This was mainly mediated by balancing of mitochondrial dynamics, as indicated by down-regulation of mitochondrial fission 1 and dynamin-related protein 1 as well as up-regulation of mitofusin 1 and optic atrophy 1. Moreover, FG-4592 pretreatment attenuated renal tubular epithelial cell death, kidney inflammation, and subsequent interstitial fibrosis. In vitro, TNF-α-induced HK-2 cells injury could be ameliorated by FG-4592 pretreatment. In summary, our findings support the protective effect of FG-4592 against folic acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunction; therefore, FG-4592 treatment can be used as a useful strategy to facilitate tubular repair and mitigate acute kidney injury progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Zhai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Nephropathology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yue Zhai,
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16
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Chow PH, Cox CD, Pei JV, Anabaraonye N, Nourmohammadi S, Henderson SW, Martinac B, Abdulmalik O, Yool AJ. Inhibition of the Aquaporin-1 Cation Conductance by Selected Furan Compounds Reduces Red Blood Cell Sickling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794791. [PMID: 35111062 PMCID: PMC8801817 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In sickle cell disease (SCD), the pathological shift of red blood cells (RBCs) into distorted morphologies under hypoxic conditions follows activation of a cationic leak current (Psickle) and cell dehydration. Prior work showed sickling was reduced by 5-hydroxylmethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF), which stabilized mutant hemoglobin and also blocked the Psickle current in RBCs, though the molecular basis of this 5-HMF-sensitive cation current remained a mystery. Work here is the first to test the hypothesis that Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) cation channels contribute to the monovalent component of Psickle. Human AQP1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes were evaluated for sensitivity to 5-HMF and four derivatives known to have differential efficacies in preventing RBC sickling. Ion conductances were measured by two-electrode voltage clamp, and osmotic water permeability by optical swelling assays. Compounds tested were: 5-HMF; 5-PMFC (5-(phenoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde); 5-CMFC (5-(4-chlorophenoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde); 5-NMFC (5-(2-nitrophenoxymethyl)-furan-2-carbaldehyde); and VZHE006 (tert-butyl (5-formylfuran-2-yl)methyl carbonate). The most effective anti-sickling agent, 5-PMFC, was the most potent inhibitor of the AQP1 ion conductance (98% block at 100 µM). The order of sensitivity of the AQP1 conductance to inhibition was 5-PMFC > VZHE006 > 5-CMFC ≥ 5-NMFC, which corresponded with effectiveness in protecting RBCs from sickling. None of the compounds altered AQP1 water channel activity. Combined application of a selective AQP1 ion channel blocker AqB011 (80 µM) with a selective hemoglobin modifying agent 5-NMFC (2.5 mM) increased anti-sickling effectiveness in red blood cells from human SCD patients. Another non-selective cation channel known to be expressed in RBCs, Piezo1, was unaffected by 2 mM 5-HMF. Results suggest that inhibition of AQP1 ion channels and capacity to modify hemoglobin are combined features of the most effective anti-sickling agents. Future therapeutics aimed at both targets could hold promise for improved treatments for SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak Hin Chow
- Aquaporin Physiology and Drug Discovery Program, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Jinxin V Pei
- Research School of Biology, College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nancy Anabaraonye
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Saeed Nourmohammadi
- Aquaporin Physiology and Drug Discovery Program, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sam W Henderson
- Aquaporin Physiology and Drug Discovery Program, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Osheiza Abdulmalik
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrea J Yool
- Aquaporin Physiology and Drug Discovery Program, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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17
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.B.); (A.J.Y.); Tel.: +44-121-204-4274 (R.M.B.); +61-8-8313-3359 (A.J.Y.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- Correspondence: (R.M.B.); (A.J.Y.); Tel.: +44-121-204-4274 (R.M.B.); +61-8-8313-3359 (A.J.Y.)
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18
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Traberg-Nyborg L, Login FH, Edamana S, Tramm T, Borgquist S, Nejsum LN. Aquaporin-1 in breast cancer. APMIS 2021; 130:3-10. [PMID: 34758159 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The canonical function of aquaporin (AQP) water channels is to facilitate passive transport of water across cellular membranes making them essential in the regulation of body water homeostasis. Moreover, AQPs, including AQP1, have been found to be overexpressed in multiple cancer types, including breast cancer, where AQP1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. AQPs have been shown to affect cellular processes associated with cancer progression and spread including cell migration, angiogenesis, and proliferation. Moreover, AQPs can regulate levels of adhesion proteins at cell-cell junctions, a regulatory role, which is still largely unexplored in cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of how AQP1 contributes to breast cancer progression and metastatic processes is essential to establish AQP1 as a biomarker and to develop targeted anticancer treatments for breast cancer patients. This mini-review focuses on the role of AQP1 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Traberg-Nyborg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C
| | | | | | - Trine Tramm
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N.,Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N
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19
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Morelle J, Marechal C, Yu Z, Debaix H, Corre T, Lambie M, Verduijn M, Dekker F, Bovy P, Evenepoel P, Bammens B, Selgas R, Bajo MA, Coester AM, Sow A, Hautem N, Struijk DG, Krediet RT, Balligand JL, Goffin E, Crott R, Ripoche P, Davies S, Devuyst O. AQP1 Promoter Variant, Water Transport, and Outcomes in Peritoneal Dialysis. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:1570-1580. [PMID: 34670044 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2034279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variability in ultrafiltration influences prescriptions and outcomes in patients with kidney failure who are treated with peritoneal dialysis. Variants in AQP1, the gene that encodes the archetypal water channel aquaporin-1, may contribute to that variability. METHODS We gathered clinical and genetic data from 1851 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis in seven cohorts to determine whether AQP1 variants were associated with peritoneal ultrafiltration and with a risk of the composite of death or technique failure (i.e., transfer to hemodialysis). We performed studies in cells, mouse models, and samples obtained from humans to characterize an AQP1 variant and investigate mitigation strategies. RESULTS The common AQP1 promoter variant rs2075574 was associated with peritoneal ultrafiltration. Carriers of the TT genotype at rs2075574 (10 to 16% of patients) had a lower mean (±SD) net ultrafiltration level than carriers of the CC genotype (35 to 47% of patients), both in the discovery phase (506±237 ml vs. 626±283 ml, P = 0.007) and in the validation phase (368±603 ml vs. 563±641 ml, P = 0.003). After a mean follow-up of 944 days, 139 of 898 patients (15%) had died and 280 (31%) had been transferred to hemodialysis. TT carriers had a higher risk of the composite of death or technique failure than CC carriers (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 2.33; P = 0.001), as well as a higher risk of death from any cause (24% vs. 15%, P = 0.03). In mechanistic studies, the rs2075574 risk variant was associated with decreases in AQP1 promoter activity, aquaporin-1 expression, and glucose-driven osmotic water transport. The use of a colloid osmotic agent mitigated the effects of the risk variant. CONCLUSIONS A common variant in AQP1 was associated with decreased ultrafiltration and an increased risk of death or technique failure among patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. (Funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Morelle
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Céline Marechal
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Zanzhe Yu
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Huguette Debaix
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Tanguy Corre
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Mark Lambie
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Marion Verduijn
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Friedo Dekker
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Philippe Bovy
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Pieter Evenepoel
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Bert Bammens
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Rafael Selgas
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Maria A Bajo
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Annemieke M Coester
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Amadou Sow
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Nicolas Hautem
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Dirk G Struijk
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Raymond T Krediet
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Eric Goffin
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Ralph Crott
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Pierre Ripoche
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Simon Davies
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- From the Division of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (J.M., E.G., O.D.), and Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (J.M., C.M., H.D., A.S., N.H., J.-L.B., E.G., O.D.) and Institut de Recherche Santé et Société, Faculty of Public Health (R.C.), UCLouvain, Brussels, the Division of Nephrology, Clinique Saint-Joseph, Liege (P.B.), and the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven (P.E., B.B.), and the Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven (P.E., B.B.), Leuven - all in Belgium; the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Y.); the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom (Z.Y., M.L., S.D.); the Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich (H.D., O.D.), and the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne (T.C.) - both in Switzerland; the Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (M.V., F.D.), the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (A.M.C., D.G.S., R.T.K.), and the Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen (A.M.C.) - all in the Netherlands; the Division of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Red de Investigación Renal, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid (R.S., M.A.B.); and Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris (P.R.)
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20
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Abstract
Structurally, aquaporins (AQPs) are small channel proteins with monomers of ~ 30 kDa that are assembled as tetramers to form pores on cell membranes. Aquaporins mediate the conduction of water but at times also small solutes including glycerol across cell membranes and along osmotic gradients. Thirteen isoforms of AQPs have been reported in mammalian cells, and several of these are likely expressed in platelets. Osmotic swelling mediated by AQP1 sustains the calcium entry required for platelet phosphatidylserine exposure and microvesiculation, through calcium permeable stretch-activated or mechanosensitive cation channels. Notably, deletion of AQP1 diminishes platelet procoagulant membrane dynamics in vitro and arterial thrombosis in vivo, independent of platelet granule secretion and without affecting hemostasis. Water entry into platelets promotes procoagulant activity, and AQPs may also be critical for the initiation and progression of venous thrombosis. Platelet AQPs may therefore represent valuable targets for future development of a new class of antithrombotics, namely, anti-procoagulant antithrombotics, that are mechanistically distinct from current antithrombotics. However, the structure of AQPs does not make for easy targeting of these channels, hence they remain elusive drug targets. Nevertheless, thrombosis data in animal models provide compelling reasons to continue the pursuit of AQP-targeted antithrombotics. In this review, we discuss the role of aquaporins in platelet secretion, aggregation and procoagulation, the challenge of drugging AQPs, and the prospects of targeting AQPs for arterial and venous antithrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaife O Agbani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alastair W Poole
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, England, UK
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21
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Liu Q, Kong Y, Guo X, Liang B, Xie H, Hu S, Han M, Zhao X, Feng P, Lyu Q, Dong W, Liang X, Wang W, Li C. GSK-3β inhibitor TDZD-8 prevents reduction of aquaporin-1 expression via activating autophagy under renal ischemia reperfusion injury. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21809. [PMID: 34314052 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100549r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Aquaporin (AQP)-1 water channel in the kidney is critical for the maintenance of water homeostasis and the urinary concentrating ability. Increasing evidence supports an important role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of AKI induced by renal I/R. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether activation of autophagy prevents downregulation of AQP1 protein induced by renal I/R and potential molecular mechanisms. Renal I/R induced consistently reduced protein expression of AQP1, 2, and 3, as well as sodium cotransporters Na+ -K+ -2Cl- cotransporter and α-Na,K-ATPase, which was associated with increased urine output and decreased creatinine clearance in rats. Renal I/R also suppressed autophagy and increased inflammatory responses in the kidney. 4-Benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione (TDZD-8), the glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor, ameliorated renal injury under I/R, activated autophagy and markedly increased expression of AQPs and sodium transporters in the kidney, which was associated with improved urine output and creatinine clearance in rats. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) induced suppression of autophagy and downregulation of AQP1 in murine inner medullary collecting duct 3 (IMCD3) cells, which was fully prevented by TDZD-8 treatment. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine or Atg5 gene knockdown attenuated recovery of AQP1 protein expression induced by TDZD-8 in IMCD3 cells with H/R. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) decreased the abundance of AQP1 protein in IMCD3 cells. H/R induced increases in protein expression of nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 and IL-1β, which was reversed by TDZD-8. In conclusion, TDZD-8 treatment prevented downregulation of AQP1 expression under renal I/R injury, likely via activating autophagy and decreasing IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojuan Liu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglun Kong
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Guo
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baien Liang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Xie
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Han
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoduo Zhao
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinning Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Lyu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Montiel V, Bella R, Michel LYM, Esfahani H, De Mulder D, Robinson EL, Deglasse JP, Tiburcy M, Chow PH, Jonas JC, Gilon P, Steinhorn B, Michel T, Beauloye C, Bertrand L, Farah C, Dei Zotti F, Debaix H, Bouzin C, Brusa D, Horman S, Vanoverschelde JL, Bergmann O, Gilis D, Rooman M, Ghigo A, Geninatti-Crich S, Yool A, Zimmermann WH, Roderick HL, Devuyst O, Balligand JL. Inhibition of aquaporin-1 prevents myocardial remodeling by blocking the transmembrane transport of hydrogen peroxide. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/564/eaay2176. [PMID: 33028705 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pathological remodeling of the myocardium has long been known to involve oxidant signaling, but strategies using systemic antioxidants have generally failed to prevent it. We sought to identify key regulators of oxidant-mediated cardiac hypertrophy amenable to targeted pharmacological therapy. Specific isoforms of the aquaporin water channels have been implicated in oxidant sensing, but their role in heart muscle is unknown. RNA sequencing from human cardiac myocytes revealed that the archetypal AQP1 is a major isoform. AQP1 expression correlates with the severity of hypertrophic remodeling in patients with aortic stenosis. The AQP1 channel was detected at the plasma membrane of human and mouse cardiac myocytes from hypertrophic hearts, where it colocalized with NADPH oxidase-2 and caveolin-3. We show that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), produced extracellularly, is necessary for the hypertrophic response of isolated cardiac myocytes and that AQP1 facilitates the transmembrane transport of H2O2 through its water pore, resulting in activation of oxidant-sensitive kinases in cardiac myocytes. Structural analysis of the amino acid residues lining the water pore of AQP1 supports its permeation by H2O2 Deletion of Aqp1 or selective blockade of the AQP1 intrasubunit pore inhibited H2O2 transport in mouse and human cells and rescued the myocyte hypertrophy in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived engineered heart muscle. Treatment of mice with a clinically approved AQP1 inhibitor, Bacopaside, attenuated cardiac hypertrophy. We conclude that cardiac hypertrophy is mediated by the transmembrane transport of H2O2 by the water channel AQP1 and that inhibitors of AQP1 represent new possibilities for treating hypertrophic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Montiel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramona Bella
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lauriane Y M Michel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hrag Esfahani
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delphine De Mulder
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emma L Robinson
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Deglasse
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition (EDIN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Malte Tiburcy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pak Hin Chow
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition (EDIN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition (EDIN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Steinhorn
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 2115, USA
| | - Thomas Michel
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 2115, USA
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Farah
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Flavia Dei Zotti
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Huguette Debaix
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Nephrology (NEFR), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, CH 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- 2IP-IREC Imaging Platform, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Brusa
- Flow Cytometry Platform, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olaf Bergmann
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dimitri Gilis
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (3BIO-BioInfo), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marianne Rooman
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (3BIO-BioInfo), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Wolfram H Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Llewelyn Roderick
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Nephrology (NEFR), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, CH 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Cliniques Universitaires St Luc and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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23
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Abstract
Our brains consist of 80% water, which is continuously shifted between different compartments and cell types during physiological and pathophysiological processes. Disturbances in brain water homeostasis occur with pathologies such as brain oedema and hydrocephalus, in which fluid accumulation leads to elevated intracranial pressure. Targeted pharmacological treatments do not exist for these conditions owing to our incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing brain water transport. Historically, the transmembrane movement of brain water was assumed to occur as passive movement of water along the osmotic gradient, greatly accelerated by water channels termed aquaporins. Although aquaporins govern the majority of fluid handling in the kidney, they do not suffice to explain the overall brain water movement: either they are not present in the membranes across which water flows or they appear not to be required for the observed flow of water. Notably, brain fluid can be secreted against an osmotic gradient, suggesting that conventional osmotic water flow may not describe all transmembrane fluid transport in the brain. The cotransport of water is an unconventional molecular mechanism that is introduced in this Review as a missing link to bridge the gap in our understanding of cellular and barrier brain water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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24
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Bittner NKJ, Mack KL, Nachman MW. Gene expression plasticity and desert adaptation in house mice. Evolution 2021; 75:1477-1491. [PMID: 33458812 PMCID: PMC8218737 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how organisms adapt to new environments is a key problem in evolution, yet it remains unclear whether phenotypic plasticity generally facilitates or hinders this process. Here we studied evolved and plastic responses to water-stress in lab-born descendants of wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) collected from desert and non-desert environments and measured gene expression and organismal phenotypes under control and water-stressed conditions. After many generations in the lab, desert mice consumed significantly less water than mice from other localities, indicating that this difference has a genetic basis. Under water-stress, desert mice maintained more weight than non-desert mice, and exhibited differences in blood chemistry related to osmoregulatory function. Gene expression in the kidney revealed evolved differences between mice from different environments as well as plastic responses between hydrated and dehydrated mice. Desert mice showed reduced expression plasticity under water-stress compared to non-desert mice. Importantly, non-desert mice under water-stress generally showed shifts toward desert-like expression, consistent with adaptive plasticity. Finally, we identify several co-expression modules linked to phenotypes of interest. These findings provide evidence for local adaptation after a recent invasion and suggest that adaptive plasticity may have facilitated colonization of the desert environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëlle K J Bittner
- Deparment of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Katya L Mack
- Deparment of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Michael W Nachman
- Deparment of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
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25
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Chen S, Wu X. Codonopsis Radix modulates water and electrolytes homeostasis in mice. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06735. [PMID: 33997368 PMCID: PMC8093420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Codonopsis Radix is a traditional Chinese medicine best known for its effects in treating digestive, cardiovascular, immunological and hematopoitic diseases. It also appears in the traditional Chinese medical prescriptions against ascites. However, the physiological effect and molecular mechanism of Codonopsis Radix in water and electrolytes homeostasis have not been well studied. We found that Codonopsis Radix decoction increased water intake and the urine volume, but decreased food intake in mice. The treatment significantly reduced angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) transcription and serum aldosterone level in animals, suggested perturbed function of renin-angiotensin system. RNAseq analysis of Codonopsis Radix treated NCI–H295R cells detected suppressed AT1R, SP1, and TEF transcription as well. Thus, Codonopsis Radix may regulate water and electrolytes homeostasis by affecting AT1R expression and aldosterone biosynthesis, possibly through downregulating SP1 and TEF transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and National Center for International Research of Development and Disease, Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Han M, Li S, Xie H, Liu Q, Wang A, Hu S, Zhao X, Kong Y, Wang W, Li C. Activation of TGR5 restores AQP2 expression via the HIF pathway in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F308-F321. [PMID: 33427060 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00577.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with markedly reduced protein expression of aquaporins (AQPs). Membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (TGR5) has shown protective roles in some kidney diseases. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether activation of TGR5 prevented the decreased protein expression of AQPs in rodents with renal I/R injury and potential mechanisms. TGR5 agonist lithocholic acid (LCA) treatment reduced polyuria after renal I/R injury in rats. LCA prevented the decreased abundance of AQP2 protein and upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression, which were associated with decreased protein abundance of NF-κB p65 and IL-1β. After renal I/R, mice with tgr5 gene deficiency exhibited further decreases in AQP2 and HIF-1α protein abundance and increases of IL-1β and NF-κB p65 protein expression compared with wild-type mice. In primary cultured inner medullary collecting duct cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation, LCA induced markedly increased protein expression of AQP2 and HIF-1α, which were partially prevented by the PKA inhibitor H89. FG4592, a prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain-containing protein inhibitor, increased HIF-1α and AQP2 protein abundance in association with decreased NF-κB p65 protein expression in inner medullary collecting duct cells with hypoxia/reoxygenation. In conclusion, TGR5 stimulation by LCA prevented downregulation of renal AQPs in kidney with I/R injury, likely through activating HIF-1α signaling and suppressing inflammatory responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Stimulation of the membrane G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 by lithocholic acid (LCA) reduced polyuria in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. LCA increased abundance of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) protein and upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein expression in association with decreased NF-κB p65 and IL-1β. After I/R, mice with tgr5 gene deficiency exhibited more severe decreases in AQP2 and HIF-1α protein abundance and inflammatory responses. TGR5 activation exhibits a protective role in acute renal injury induced by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Han
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suchun Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Xie
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojuan Liu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ani Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoduo Zhao
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglun Kong
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Baasch Christensen I, Cheng L, Brewer JR, Bartsch U, Fenton RA, Damkier HH, Praetorius J. Multiple Na,K-ATPase Subunits Colocalize in the Brush Border of Mouse Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041569. [PMID: 33557294 PMCID: PMC7915972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The unusual accumulation of Na,K-ATPase complexes in the brush border membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells have intrigued researchers for decades. However, the full range of the expressed Na,K-ATPase subunits and their relation to the microvillus cytoskeleton remains unknown. (2) Methods: RT-PCR analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, native PAGE, mass spectrometry, and differential centrifugation were combined with high-resolution immunofluorescence histochemistry, proximity ligase assays, and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy on mouse choroid plexus cells or tissues in order to resolve these issues. (3) Results: The choroid plexus epithelium expresses Na,K-ATPase subunits α1, α2, β1, β2, β3, and phospholemman. The α1, α2, β1, and β2, subunits are all localized to the brush border membrane, where they appear to form a complex. The ATPase complexes may stabilize in the brush border membrane via anchoring to microvillar actin indirectly through ankyrin-3 or directly via other co-precipitated proteins. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) may form part of the proposed multi-protein complexes in contrast to another membrane protein, the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). NKCC1 expression seems necessary for full brush border membrane accumulation of the Na,K-ATPase in the choroid plexus. (4) Conclusion: A multitude of Na,K-ATPase subunits form molecular complexes in the choroid plexus brush border, which may bind to the cytoskeleton by various alternative actin binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Baasch Christensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (I.B.C.); (L.C.); (R.A.F.); (H.H.D.)
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (I.B.C.); (L.C.); (R.A.F.); (H.H.D.)
| | - Jonathan R. Brewer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Udo Bartsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Experimental Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Robert A. Fenton
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (I.B.C.); (L.C.); (R.A.F.); (H.H.D.)
| | - Helle H. Damkier
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (I.B.C.); (L.C.); (R.A.F.); (H.H.D.)
| | - Jeppe Praetorius
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (I.B.C.); (L.C.); (R.A.F.); (H.H.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-61820576
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Swietlik EM, Prapa M, Martin JM, Pandya D, Auckland K, Morrell NW, Gräf S. 'There and Back Again'-Forward Genetics and Reverse Phenotyping in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1408. [PMID: 33256119 PMCID: PMC7760524 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the invention of right heart catheterisation in the 1950s enabled accurate clinical diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), it was not until 2000 when the landmark discovery of the causative role of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2) mutations shed new light on the pathogenesis of PAH. Since then several genes have been discovered, which now account for around 25% of cases with the clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PAH. Despite the ongoing efforts, in the majority of patients the cause of the disease remains elusive, a phenomenon often referred to as "missing heritability". In this review, we discuss research approaches to uncover the genetic architecture of PAH starting with forward phenotyping, which in a research setting should focus on stable intermediate phenotypes, forward and reverse genetics, and finally reverse phenotyping. We then discuss potential sources of "missing heritability" and how functional genomics and multi-omics methods are employed to tackle this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia M. Swietlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Matina Prapa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Divya Pandya
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Kathryn Auckland
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefan Gräf
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (E.M.S.); (M.P.); (J.M.M.); (D.P.); (K.A.); (N.W.M.)
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
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Adam RJ, Paterson MR, Wardecke L, Hoffmann BR, Kriegel AJ. Functionally Essential Tubular Proteins Are Lost to Urine-Excreted, Large Extracellular Vesicles during Chronic Renal Insufficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1105-1115. [PMID: 34263177 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001212020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) rat model recapitulates many elements of human CKD. Within weeks of surgery, 5/6Nx rats spontaneously exhibit proximal tubular damage, including the production of very large extracellular vesicles and brush border shedding. We hypothesized that production and elimination of these structures, termed large renal tubular extracellular vesicles (LRT-EVs), into the urine represents a pathologic mechanism by which essential tubule proteins are lost. Methods LRT-EVs were isolated from 5/6Nx rat urine 10 weeks after surgery. LRT-EV diameters were measured. LRT-EV proteomic analysis was performed by tandem mass spectrometry. Data are available via the ProteomeXchange Consortium with identifier PXD019207. Kidney tissue pathology was evaluated by trichrome staining, TUNEL staining, and immunohistochemistry. Results LRT-EV size and a lack of TUNEL staining in 5/6Nx rats suggest LRT-EVs to be distinct from exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. LRT-EVs contained many proximal tubule proteins that, upon disruption, are known to contribute to CKD pathologic hallmarks. Select proteins included aquaporin 1, 16 members of the solute carrier family, basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase subunit ATP1A1, megalin, cubilin, and sodium-glucose cotransporters (SLC5A1 and SLC5A2). Histologic analysis confirmed the presence of apical membrane proteins in LRT-EVs and brush border loss in 5/6Nx rats. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive proteomic analysis of a previously unreported category of extracellular vesicles associated with chronic renal stress. Because LRT-EVs contain proteins responsible for essential renal functions known to be compromised in CKD, their formation and excretion may represent an underappreciated pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Adam
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mark R Paterson
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Lukus Wardecke
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brian R Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Max McGee National Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Alison J Kriegel
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Hu F, Huang Y, Semtner M, Zhao K, Tan Z, Dzaye O, Kettenmann H, Shu K, Lei T. Down-regulation of Aquaporin-1 mediates a microglial phenotype switch affecting glioma growth. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112323. [PMID: 33058832 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a transmembrane protein that forms water channels, has previously been shown to facilitate growth and progression of many types of tumors by modulating tumor cell migration, proliferation and angiogenesis. Here, we determined the impact of AQP1 expression in the tumor environment on the progression of brain tumors. Primary microglia from wild type(WT) and AQP1 knockout(KO) mice were used to test AQP1 effect on microglia function by using Western blot, quantative PCR, in an experimental in vivo mouse glioma model and organotypic brain slice culture. Deletion of AQP1 in the host tissue significantly reduced the survival of the mice implanted with GL261 glioma cells. The density of glioma-associated microglia/macrophages was almost doubled in AQP1KO mice. We found that factors secreted from GL261 cells decrease microglial AQP1 expression via the MEK/ERK pathway, and that inhibition of this pathway with Trametinib reduced tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor bearing mice, an effect which required the presence of microglia. Deletion of AQP1 in cultured microglia resulted in an increase in migratory activity and a decrease in TLR4-dependent innate immune responses. Our study demonstrates a functional relevance of AQP1 expression in microglia and hints to AQP1 as a potential novel target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cellular Neuroscience, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Semtner
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhoubin Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Ke Y, Wang M, Li Y, Shan Z, Mi W, Yuan P, Feng W, Zheng X. Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia exerts anti-heart failure by improving heart function and water-liquid metabolism in rats with heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110487. [PMID: 32887022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the protective effect of Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia on doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats, and to study its mechanism. METHOD A rat model of heart failure was established in 180-220 g male Sprague-Dawley rats by low-dose intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin for 6 weeks. Four weeks after continuous administration, echocardiography was used to detect left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and end systolic diameter (LVESD) in each group, and left ventricular short axis shortening rate (LVFS) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated. ELISA method was used to detecte the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK), angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone (ALD), arginine pressurization AVP, Renin, Endothelin (ET-1), Nitric Oxide (NO), AQP2 in urine. 6 h cumulative urine output was measured by metabolic cage method after administration for 3 weeks. The urine osmotic pressure was measured by freezing point method. The expression of AQP2 protein in kidney was detected by Western blot method. The changes of myocardial morphology were observed. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, the heart rate of the model group was significantly increased (P < 0.01). LVESD and LVEDD were significantly increased (P < 0.01), LVEF and LVFS were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The levels of CK, cTnI, NO, ET-1, BNP, ANP, ALD, AngII, Renin, AQP2, AVP and osmotic pressure were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Urine output was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The heart HE showed obvious lesions. Compared with the model group, the Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia significantly reduced the heart rate (P < 0.05), decreased LVESD and LVEDD (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and increased LVFS and LVEF values (P < 0.01). Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia could significantly improve pathological damage of the heart, decrease the levels of cTnI, BNP, AngII, ALD, Renin, AVP in the serum, osmotic pressure and AQP2in the urine (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), down-regulate the expression of AQP2 protein in the renal(P < 0.01), increase urine volume (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia can significantly improve cardiac function and the disorder of water metabolism in rats with heart failure. Oligosaccharides composition of Descurainiae sophia exerts anti- heart failure through the RAAS system and the arginine vasopressin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yage Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengfu Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wangyang Mi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peipei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Guo YY, Hao S, Zhang M, Zhang X, Wang D. Aquaporins, evaporative water loss and thermoregulation in heat-acclimated Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102641. [PMID: 32716882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evaporative water loss is an essential strategy to maintain stable body temperature in heat-exposed rodents. However, the thermoregulatory role and adjustment of evaporative heat loss capacity is unclear during prolonged heat exposure. Here, we studied the role of evaporative water loss in thermoregulation in Mongolian gerbils during heat acclimation. After 3 weeks of heat acclimation, gerbils exhibited a lower body temperature than the controls, and no difference in evaporative losses of water from the lung or saliva spreading compared with the controls. Heat acclimation did not alter the expression of aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-5 in the lungs and the expression of aquaporin-5 in the salivary glands. The expression of aquaporin-2 in the kidneys was kept stable, while the expression of aquaporin-1 in the kidneys was down-regulated. In addition, resting metabolic rate and non-shivering thermogenesis of heat-acclimated gerbils were reduced to 51% and 55% of the control group, respectively. Taken together, heat-acclimated Mongolian gerbils can reduce the metabolic thermogenesis without enhancing the evaporative water loss capacity for thermoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoyan Hao
- Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Luo H, Liu Y, Song Y, Hua Y, Zhu X. Aquaporin 1 affects pregnancy outcome and regulates aquaporin 8 and 9 expressions in the placenta. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:543-554. [PMID: 32542408 PMCID: PMC7431401 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of aquaporin (AQP) 1 on pregnancy outcome and the association between expression of AQP1 and other AQPs in the placenta and foetal membranes, the rate of copulatory plugs and pregnancy, amniotic fluid (AF) volume, osmolality and composition were determined in AQP1-knockout (AQP1−/−) mice at different gestational days (GD). The expression and location of AQP1 and other AQPs in the placenta and foetal membranes of AQP1−/− mice, AQP1-siRNA transfected WISH cells and oligohydramnios patients were also detected. Compared to control mice, AQP1−/− mice exhibited reduced copulation plug and successful pregnancy rates, but these effects were accompanied by a larger AF volume and lower AF osmolality at late gestation. AQP9 expression was significantly decreased in the placenta and foetal membranes of AQP1−/− mice, while AQP8 level was elevated in the foetal membranes of AQP1−/− mice. Moreover, AQP9 expression was suppressed in WISH cells after AQP1 downregulation. Furthermore, AQP9 expression was associated with AQP1 level in the placenta and foetal membranes in oligohydramnios. AQP1 may play a critical role in regulating pregnancy outcome and maternal-foetal fluid homeostasis. Changes in AQP1 expression may lead to compensatory alterations in AQP8 and AQP9 expression in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yizuo Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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Alvarez-Gonzalez MY, Sánchez-Islas E, Mucio-Ramirez S, de Gortari P, Amaya MI, Kodavanti PRS, León-Olea M. Perinatal exposure to octabromodiphenyl ether mixture, DE-79, alters the vasopressinergic system in adult rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 391:114914. [PMID: 32032643 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental pollutants considered as neurotoxicants and endocrine disruptors with important biological effects ranging from alterations in growth, reproduction, and effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. The vasopressinergic (AVPergic) system is a known target for pentaBDEs mixture (DE-71) and the structurally similar chemicals, polychlorinated biphenyls. However, the potential adverse effects of mixtures containing octaBDE compounds, like DE-79, on the AVPergic system are still unknown. The present study aims to examine the effects of perinatal DE-79 exposure on the AVPergic system. Dams were dosed from gestational day 6 to postnatal day 21 at doses of 0 (control), 1.7 (low) or 10.2 (high) mg/kg/day, and male offspring from all doses at 3-months-old were subjected to normosmotic and hyperosmotic challenge. Male offspring where later assessed for alterations in osmoregulation (i.e. serum osmolality and systemic vasopressin release), and both vasopressin immunoreactivity (AVP-IR) and gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Additionally, to elucidate a possible mechanism for the effects of DE-79 on the AVPergic system, both neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity (nNOS-IR) and mRNA expression were investigated in the same hypothalamic nuclei. The results showed that perinatal DE-79 exposure AVP-IR, mRNA expression and systemic release in adulthood under normosmotic conditions and more evidently under hyperosmotic stimulation. nNOS-IR and mRNA expression were also affected in the same nuclei. Since NO is an AVP regulator, we propose that disturbances in NO could be a mechanism underlying the AVPergic system disruption following perinatal DE-79 exposure leading to osmoregulation deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhar Y Alvarez-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Sánchez-Islas
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Samuel Mucio-Ramirez
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Patricia de Gortari
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - María I Amaya
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
| | - Prasada Rao S Kodavanti
- Neurotoxicology Branch, Toxicity Assessment Division, NHEERL/ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Martha León-Olea
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14370, Mexico.
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Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are important in the function of the kidney. Constitutively expressed AQP1 in the proximal tubule and descending limb is important in normal fluid absorption and in the counter-current multiplication system. The vasopressin-regulated shuttling of AQP2 is essential in antidiuresis and the regulation of water balance. Genetic damage to AQPs, or pathological changes in expression or function, impair renal water handling. The most striking examples of this involve disruption of AQP2 function, which can result in profound nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Aquaporin 1 is present in capillaries and venules and appears to be important in peritoneal dialysis, where it appears to represent the “ultrasmall pores” of the three-pore model. Decreased expression or function of AQP1 may be responsible for some cases of ultrafiltration failure, but further evidence will be required to establish whether this is the case.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Marples
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
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36
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Varadaraj K, Kumari SS. Lens aquaporins function as peroxiporins to facilitate membrane transport of hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:1025-1029. [PMID: 32063362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cause oxidative stress in the lens and lead to cataractogenesis. The present investigation was undertaken to find out whether the mammalian lens aquaporins (AQPs) 0, 1, and 5 perform H2O2 transport across the plasma membrane to reduce oxidative stress. Our in vitro cell culture and ex vivo lens experiments demonstrated that in addition to the established water transport role, mouse AQP0, AQP1 and AQP5 facilitate transmembrane H2O2 transport and function as peroxiporins. Human lens epithelial cells expressing AQP1, AQP5 and AQP8, when treated with 50 μM HgCl2 water channel inhibitor showed a significant reduction in H2O2 transport. Data obtained from the experiments involving H2O2-degrading enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) knockout lenses showed H2O2 accumulation, suggesting H2O2 transport level by AQPs in the lens is regulated by GPX1. Under hyperglycemic conditions, there was an increased loss of transparency, and enhanced production and retention of H2O2 in AQP5-/- lenses compared to similarly-treated WT lenses. Overall, the results show that lens AQPs function as peroxiporins and cooperate with GPX1 to maintain lens H2O2 homeostasis to prevent oxidative stress, highlighting AQPs and GPX1 as promising therapeutic drug targets to delay/treat/prevent age-related lens cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Sindhu Kumari
- Physiology and Biophysics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
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37
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Jobbagy S, Vitturi DA, Salvatore SR, Pires MF, Rowart P, Emlet DR, Ross M, Hahn S, St Croix C, Wendell SG, Subramanya AR, Straub AC, Tan RJ, Schopfer FJ. Nrf2 activation protects against lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. JCI Insight 2020; 5:128578. [PMID: 31941842 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is the mainstay pharmacotherapeutic mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. Its efficacious use is complicated by acute and chronic renal side effects, including nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway senses and coordinates cellular responses to oxidative and electrophilic stress. Here, we identify that graded genetic activation of Nrf2 protects against Li-induced NDI (Li-NDI) and volume wasting via an aquaporin 2-independent mechanism. Renal Nrf2 activity is differentially expressed on functional segments of the nephron, and its activation along the distal tubule and collecting duct directly modulates ion transporter expression, mimicking paradoxical effects of diuretics in mitigating Li-NDI. In addition, Nrf2 reduces cyclooxygenase expression and vasoactive prostaglandin biosynthesis. Pharmacologic activation of Nrf2 confers protective effects, confirming this pathway as a potentially novel druggable target for the prevention of acute and chronic renal sequelae of Li therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dario A Vitturi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute
| | | | | | | | - David R Emlet
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine
| | | | - Scott Hahn
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute
| | | | - Stacy G Wendell
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Health Sciences Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, and
| | - Arohan R Subramanya
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology.,Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute
| | - Roderick J Tan
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Yu L, Liu T, Fu S, Li L, Meng X, Su X, Xie Z, Ren J, Meng Y, Lv X, Du Y. Physiological functions of urea transporter B. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:1359-1368. [PMID: 31734718 PMCID: PMC6882768 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-019-02323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Urea transporters (UTs) are membrane proteins in the urea transporter protein A (UT-A) and urea transporter protein B (UT-B) families. UT-B is mainly expressed in endothelial cell membrane of the renal medulla and in other tissues, including the brain, heart, pancreas, colon, bladder, bone marrow, and cochlea. UT-B is responsible for the maintenance of urea concentration, male reproductive function, blood pressure, bone metabolism, and brain astrocyte and cardiac functions. Its deficiency and dysfunction contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Actually, UT-B deficiency increases the sensitivity of bladder epithelial cells to apoptosis triggers in mice and UT-B-null mice develop II-III atrioventricular block and depression. The expression of UT-B in the rumen of cow and sheep may participate in digestive function. However, there is no systemic review to discuss the UT-B functions. Here, we update research approaches to understanding the functions of UT-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanying Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Fu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Meng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Su
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanfeng Xie
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Ren
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejiao Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanwei Du
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.
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Su W, Cao R, Zhang XY, Guan Y. Aquaporins in the kidney: physiology and pathophysiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 318:F193-F203. [PMID: 31682170 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00304.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is the central organ involved in maintaining water and sodium balance. In human kidneys, nine aquaporins (AQPs), including AQP1-8 and AQP11, have been found and are differentially expressed along the renal tubules and collecting ducts with distinct and critical roles in the regulation of body water homeostasis and urine concentration. Dysfunction and dysregulation of these AQPs result in various water balance disorders. This review summarizes current understanding of physiological and pathophysiological roles of AQPs in the kidney, with a focus on recent progress on AQP2 regulation by the nuclear receptor transcriptional factors. This review also provides an overview of AQPs as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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40
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Feng J, Yan S, Chen Y, Han L, Wen L, Guo X, Wen Y, Li Y, He X, Han Z, Ren C, Jia Z, Guo Z, Zhai R, Wu J, Wen J. Aquaporin1-3 expression in normal and hydronephrotic kidneys in the human fetus. Pediatr Res 2019; 86:595-602. [PMID: 31261369 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased expression of the renal aquaporin (AQP) protein family is associated with hydronephrosis in adult humans and animals. However, the expression of AQPs, especially subtypes AQP1-3, which play a core role in the urinary concentration function, in hydronephrotic human fetuses is not clear. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of the AQP1-3 in normal and hydronephrotic human fetal kidneys. METHODS Twenty-one normal and six hydronephrotic kidney (HK) samples were harvested from abortive fetuses. Meanwhile, seven normal adult human kidney samples were collected as positive controls. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of AQP1-3. RESULTS Both the protein and messenger mRNA expression levels of AQP1-3 increased with gestational age in the normal fetuses, but the levels were significantly lower than those in the adult tissues and significantly higher than those in the hydronephrotic fetuses at the same gestational age. CONCLUSIONS The increased expression of AQP1-3 with gestational age in the fetal kidney may indicate maturation of the urinary concentrating ability. The lower expression of AQP1-3 in HKs may reflect a maturation obstacle with regard to urinary concentration in human hydronephrotic fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Feng
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Han
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Guo
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wen
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangfei He
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongjiang Han
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanchuan Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhan Guo
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Henan Province, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongqun Zhai
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Department of Pediatric Urodynamic Center and Henan Joint International Pediatric Urodynamic Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
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Chen CY, Liao PL, Tsai CH, Chan YJ, Cheng YW, Hwang LL, Lin KH, Yen TL, Li CH. Inhaled gold nanoparticles cause cerebral edema and upregulate endothelial aquaporin 1 expression, involving caveolin 1 dependent repression of extracellular regulated protein kinase activity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:37. [PMID: 31619255 PMCID: PMC6796418 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have extensive applications in electronics and biomedicine, resulting in increased exposure and prompting safety concerns for human health. After absorption, nanoparticles enter circulation and effect endothelial cells. We previously showed that exposure to Au-NPs (40–50 nm) collapsed endothelial tight junctions and increased their paracellular permeability. Inhaled nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their biodistribution in the brain; however, little is known regarding their role in cerebral edema. The present study investigated the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the cerebral endothelial cell line, bEnd.3, stimulated by Au-NPs. Results We found that treatment with Au-NPs induced AQP1 expression and increased endothelial permeability to water. Au-NP exposure rapidly boosted the phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT, increased the accumulation of caveolin 1 (Cav1), and reduced the activity of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK). The inhibition of AKT (GDC-0068) or FAK (PF-573228) not only rescued ERK activity but also prevented AQP1 induction, whereas Au-NP-mediated Cav1 accumulation remained unaltered. Neither these signaling molecules nor AQP1 expression responded to Au-NPs while Cav1 was silenced. Inhibition of ERK activity (U0126) remarkably enhanced Cav1 and AQP1 expression in bEnd.3 cells. These data demonstrate that Au-NP-mediated AQP1 induction is Cav1 dependent, but requires the repression on ERK activity. Mice receiving intranasally administered Au-NPs displayed cerebral edema, significantly augmented AQP1 protein levels; furthermore, mild focal lesions were observed in the cerebral parenchyma. Conclusions These data suggest that the subacute exposure of nanoparticles might induce cerebral edema, involving the Cav1 dependent accumulation on endothelial AQP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Tsai
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Hwang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ling Yen
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 22174, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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42
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Effect of ephedrine hydrochloride on regulation of body fluid metabolism and AQP1 and AQP2 in a rabbit model of mechanical ventilation. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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43
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Zhang J, Li S, Deng F, Baikeli B, Huang S, Wang B, Liu G. Higher Expression Levels of Aquaporin Family of Proteins in the Kidneys of Arid-Desert Living Lepus yarkandensis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1172. [PMID: 31572217 PMCID: PMC6751383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lepus yarkandensis specifically lives in arid climate with rare precipitation of Tarim Basin in western China. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of channel proteins that facilitate water transportation across cell membranes. Kidney AQPs play vital roles in renal tubule water permeability and maintenance of body water homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate whether kidney AQPs exhibit higher expression in arid-desert living animals. Immunohistochemistry results revealed localization of AQP1 to the capillary endothelial cells in glomerulus and epithelial cells in proximal tubule and descending thin limbs, AQP2 to the apical plasma membrane of principal cells in the cortical collecting duct (CCD), outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD), and IMCD cells in the initial inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD1) and middle IMCD (IMCD2), and AQP3 and AQP4 to the basolateral plasma membrane of principal cells and IMCD cells in CCD, OMCD, IMCD1, and IMCD2 in L. yarkandensis kidneys. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed higher mRNA levels of AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, and AQP4 in L. yarkandensis kidneys compared with Oryctolagus cuniculus. Similar results were obtained by western blotting. Our results suggested that higher expression levels of AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, and AQP4 in L. yarkandensis kidneys favored for drawing more water from the tubular fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, China.,Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, China.,Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Fang Deng
- College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | | | - Shuguang Huang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Binyu Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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44
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Physiological and pathological impact of AQP1 knockout in mice. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182303. [PMID: 31023968 PMCID: PMC6522737 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a glycoprotein responsible for water passive transport quickly across biological membrane. Here, we reviewed the structural and functional impacts of AQP1 knockout (AQP1-KO) in animal or cell culture models. AQP1 gene deletion can cause a large number of abnormalities including the disturbance in epithelial fluid secretion, polyhydramnios, deficiency of urinary concentrating function, and impairment of pain perception. AQP1-KO mice also displayed aberrations of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary, and kidney functions as well as placenta and embryo development. Moreover, AQP1-KO perturbed tumor angiogenesis and led to reduced brain injury upon trauma. On the cellular level, AQP1-KO caused neuroinflammation, aberrant cell proliferation and migration, and macrophages infiltration. Mechanistic studies confirmed that AQP1 gene products regulate the secretory function and participated in balancing the osmotic water flux across the peritoneal membrane. The available data indicated that AQP1 might serve as a potential target for developing novel therapeutic approaches against diverse human diseases.
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45
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Curry JN, Yu ASL. Paracellular calcium transport in the proximal tubule and the formation of kidney stones. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F966-F969. [PMID: 30838875 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00519.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The proximal tubule (PT) is responsible for the majority of calcium reabsorption by the kidney. Most PT calcium transport appears to be passive, although the molecular facilitators have not been well established. Emerging evidence supports a major role for PT calcium transport in idiopathic hypercalciuria and the development of kidney stones. This review will cover recent developments in our understanding of PT calcium transport and the role of the PT in kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Curry
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Alan S L Yu
- Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City, Kansas
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46
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Chen C, Wang S, Chen J, Liu X, Zhang M, Wang X, Xu W, Zhang Y, Li H, Pan X, Si M. Escin suppresses HMGB1-induced overexpression of aquaporin-1 and increased permeability in endothelial cells. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:891-900. [PMID: 30972964 PMCID: PMC6487832 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Escin, a natural triterpene saponin mixture obtained from the horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum), has been used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), hemorrhoids, and edema. However, it is unclear how escin protects against endothelial barrier dysfunction induced by pro‐inflammatory high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1). Here, we report that escin can suppress (a) HMGB1‐induced overexpression of the aquaporin‐1 (AQP1) water channel in endothelial cells and (b) HMGB1‐induced increases in endothelial cell permeability. This is the first report that escin inhibits AQP1 and alleviates barrier dysfunction in HMGB1‐induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Songgang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiying Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, the State Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, the State Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yayun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Si
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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47
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Wang H, Morris RG, Knepper MA, Zhou X. Sickle cell disease up-regulates vasopressin, aquaporin 2, urea transporter A1, Na-K-Cl cotransporter 2, and epithelial Na channels in the mouse kidney medulla despite compromising urinary concentration ability. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14066. [PMID: 31033226 PMCID: PMC6487471 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD)-induced urinary concentration defect has been proposed as caused by impaired ability of the occluded vasa recta due to red blood cell sickling to serve as countercurrent exchangers and renal tubules to absorb water and solutes. However, the exact molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The present studies were undertaken to determine the effects of SCD on vasopressin, aquaporin2 (AQP2), urea transporter A1 (UTA1), Na-K-Cl co-transporter 2 (NKCC2), epithelial Na channels (ENaC), aquaporin1 (AQP1), nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) and Src homology region-2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), an important regulator of NFAT5, in the Berkeley SCD mouse kidney medulla. Under water repletion, SCD only induced a minor urinary concentration defect associated with increased urinary vasopressin level alone with the well-known effects of vasopressin: protein abundance of AQP2, UTA1 and ENaC-β and apical targeting of AQP2 as compared with non-SCD. SCD did not significantly affect AQP1 protein level. Water restriction had no further significant effect on SCD urinary vasopressin. NFAT5 is also critical to urinary concentration. Instead, water restriction-activated NFAT5 associated with inhibition of SHP-1 in the SCD mice. Yet, water restriction only elevated urinary osmolality by 28% in these mice as opposed to 104% in non-SCD mice despite similar degree increases of protein abundance of AQP2, NKCC2 and AQP2-S256-P. Water-restriction had no significant effect on protein abundance of ENaC or AQP1 in either strain. In conclusion, under water repletion SCD, only induces a minor defect in urinary concentration because of compensation from the up-regulated vasopressin system. However, under water restriction, SCD mice struggle to concentrate urine despite activating NFAT5. SCD-induced urinary concentration defect appears to be resulted from the poor blood flow in vasa recta rather than the renal tubules' ability to absorb water and solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMaryland
| | | | | | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of MedicineUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMaryland
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Aramburu J, López-Rodríguez C. Regulation of Inflammatory Functions of Macrophages and T Lymphocytes by NFAT5. Front Immunol 2019; 10:535. [PMID: 30949179 PMCID: PMC6435587 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NFAT5, also known as TonEBP, belongs to the family of Rel homology domain-containing factors, which comprises the NF-κB proteins and the calcineurin-dependent NFAT1 to NFAT4. NFAT5 shares several structural and functional features with other Rel-family factors, for instance it recognizes DNA elements with the same core sequence as those bound by NFAT1 to 4, and like NF-κB it responds to Toll-like receptors (TLR) and activates macrophage responses to microbial products. On the other hand, NFAT5 is quite unique among Rel-family factors as it can be activated by hyperosmotic stress caused by elevated concentrations of extracellular sodium ions. NFAT5 regulates specific genes but also others that are inducible by NF-κB and NFAT1 to 4. The ability of NFAT5 to do so in response to hypertonicity, microbial products, and inflammatory stimuli may extend the capabilities of immune cells to mount effective anti-pathogen responses in diverse microenvironment and signaling conditions. Recent studies identifying osmostress-dependent and -independent functions of NFAT5 have broadened our understanding of how NFAT5 may modulate immune function. In this review we focus on the role of NFAT5 in macrophages and T cells in different contexts, discussing findings from in vivo mouse models of NFAT5 deficiency and reviewing current knowledge on its mechanisms of regulation. Finally, we propose several questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Aramburu
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Rodríguez
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Hou Z, Wei C. De novo comparative transcriptome analysis of a rare cicada, with identification of candidate genes related to adaptation to a novel host plant and drier habitats. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:182. [PMID: 30845906 PMCID: PMC6407286 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the importance of host plant chemistry in plant–insect interactions is widely recognized, our understanding about the genetic basis underlying the relationship between changes in midgut proteins and adaptation of plant-feeding insects to novel host plants and habitats is very limited. To address this knowledge gap, the transcriptional profiles of midguts among three populations of the cicada Subpsaltria yangi Chen were compared. Among which, the Hancheng (HC) and Fengxiang (FX) populations occurring in the Loess Plateau feed on Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow, while the population occurring in a much drier habitat in the Helan (HL) Mountains is locally specialized on a chemically divergent plant, Ephedra lepidosperma C. Y. Cheng. Results Based on comparative analysis, 1826 (HL vs HC) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 723 DEGs (HL vs FX) were identified between the populations utilizing different host plants, including 20, 36, 2, 5 and 2 genes related to digestion, detoxification, oxidation-reduction, stress response and water-deprivation response, respectively, and 35 genes presumably associated with osmoregulation. However, only 183 DEGs were identified between the HC and FX populations, including two genes related to detoxification, two genes related to stress response, and one gene presumably associated with osmoregulation. These results suggest that the weakest expression differences were between the populations utilizing the same host plant and occurring in the closest habitats, which may help explain the metabolic mechanism of adaptation in S. yangi populations to novel host plants and new niches. Conclusions The observed differences in gene expression among S. yangi populations are consistent with the hypothesis that the host plant shift and habitat adaptation in the HL population was facilitated by differential regulation of genes related to digestion, detoxification, oxidation-reduction, stress response, water-deprivation response and osmoregulation. The results may inform future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between changes in midgut proteins and adaptation of herbivorous insects to novel host plants and new niches. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5547-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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AQP1 and AQP4 Contribution to Cerebrospinal Fluid Homeostasis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020197. [PMID: 30813473 PMCID: PMC6406452 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), expressed in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) present in ependymal cells and glia limitants have been proposed to play a significant role in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and homeostasis. However, the specific contribution of each water channel to these functions remains unknown, being a subject of debate during the last years. Here, we analyzed in detail how AQP1 and AQP4 participate in different aspects of the CSF homeostasis such as the load and drainage of ventricles, and further explored if these proteins play a role in the ventricular compliance. To do that, we carried out records of intraventricular pressure and CSF outflow, and evaluated ventricular volume by magnetic resonance imaging in AQP1−/−, AQP4−/−, double AQP1−/−-AQP4−/− knock out and wild type mice controls. The analysis performed clearly showed that both AQPs have a significant participation in the CSF production, and additionally revealed that the double AQP1-AQP4 mutation alters the CSF drainage and the ventricular compliance. The data reported here indicate a significant extra-choroidal CSF formation mediated by AQP4, supporting the idea of an important and constant CSF production/absorption process, sustained by efflux/influx of water between brain capillaries and interstitial fluid. Moreover, our results suggest the participation of AQPs in structural functions also related with CSF homeostasis such as the distensibility capacity of the ventricular system.
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