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Zàaba NF, Ogaili RH, Ahmad F, Mohd Isa IL. Neuroinflammation and nociception in intervertebral disc degeneration: a review of precision medicine perspective. Spine J 2025; 25:1139-1153. [PMID: 39814205 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain (LBP), which results in disability worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration mediating LBP remains unclear. Current conservative treatments and surgical interventions are both to relieve the symptoms and minimise pain; nevertheless, they are unable to reverse the degeneration. Previous studies have shown that inflammation and nociception markers are important indicators of pain mechanisms in IVD degeneration underlying LBP. As such, multiomics profiling allows the discovery of these target markers to understand the key pathological mechanisms mediating IVD degeneration underpinnings of LBP. This article provides insights into a precision medicine approach for identifying and understanding the pathophysiology of IVD degeneration associated with LPB based on the severity of the disease from early and mild to severe degenerative stages. Molecular profiling of key markers in degenerative IVDs based on patient stratification at early, mild, and severe stages will contribute to the identification of target markers associated with signalling pathways in mediating neuroinflammation, innervation, and nociception underlying painful IVD degeneration. This approach will offer an understanding of establishing personalised clinical strategies tailored to the severity of IVD degeneration for the treatment of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Fariha Zàaba
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; CÚRAM Research Ireland Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Raed H Ogaili
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Isma Liza Mohd Isa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; CÚRAM Research Ireland Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland.
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2
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Lillyman DJ, Reddick EC, Ney KE, Caparaso SM, Wachs RA. An Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Restores Disc Volume and Alleviates Axial Hypersensitivity in a Rat Model of Disc-Associated Pain. JOR Spine 2025; 8:e70073. [PMID: 40386495 PMCID: PMC12081325 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.70073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2025] [Accepted: 04/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic low back pain is a global socioeconomic crisis, and the majority of those treated for this condition fail to reach long-term remission. Intervertebral disc degeneration is the predominant associative factor in chronic low back pain. Degenerated discs present with mechanical instability, inflammation, and nerve sprouting. Patients treated with spinal stabilizing procedures often report pain alleviation indicating aberrant spinal mechanics, could be causative in the production of pain. Methods With this knowledge, a therapeutic was engineered from decellularized healthy porcine nucleus pulposus tissue mixed with type I collagen and a chemical crosslinker, genipin, to treat mechanical instability and pain. Results In vitro, this hydrogel, termed dNP+, was spontaneously fibrillogenic at 37°C and cytocompatible with primary human disc cells and exhibited the capacity to improve the intervertebral disc storage modulus after injury. In vivo, in a rat model of discogenic low back pain, dNP+ proved effective at restoring degenerated disc volume, decreasing axial hypersensitivity, and decreasing spontaneous pain-like behavior when administered 9 weeks after disc degeneration was initiated. However, dNP+ did not alter nerve presence or restore disc morphology when compared to injured discs. Conclusion Conclusion: Altogether, the data collected in this study concluded that dNP+ was an effective treatment for pain-like behavior in a robust animal model of chronic disc-associated low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Lillyman
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Evie C. Reddick
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Kayla E. Ney
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Sydney M. Caparaso
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Rebecca A. Wachs
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska–LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
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Lyu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Yang Z, Li P, Lu Y, Zhao P, Chen J, Ye C. Naringin in repairing articular cartilage injury by activating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to attenuate inflammatory response. Arch Biochem Biophys 2025; 768:110396. [PMID: 40120921 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2025.110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025]
Abstract
Naringin protects cartilage and attenuates inflammation. This study investigated the mechanism by which naringin activates the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to attenuate the inflammatory response and repair rabbit articular cartilage injury. A ring bone extraction drill was used to create a rabbit articular cartilage injury model. Sixteen Japanese white rabbits were divided into Sham, Mod, Nar, and Con groups and treated for 12 weeks. Compared with the Mod group, obvious signs of morphological and structural repair of cartilage injury were observed in the Nar group. The ICRS, BV/TV, and BS/TV scores increased, whereas the Wakitani and Tb.Sp scores decreased. Furthermore, ADAMTS-5 levels were significantly reduced, and TGF-β1 levels were significantly increased. The average light density of P-Smad3 in the repaired tissue was significantly elevated, whereas that of MMP-13 was significantly reduced. Compared with that in the Sham group, the transcription and expression levels of TβRII, type II collagen, P-TβRII, and P-Smad2 in the repair tissues of the Mod group were lower. This was reversed in the Nar group. Therefore, naringin administration can improve the morphology and structure of articular cartilage injury, reduce the concentration and expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the joint fluid and repair tissues, and increase the concentrations and expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors in the joint fluid and repair tissues. Thus, naringin exerts a positive effect by reducing the inflammatory response and repairing articular cartilage injury. This mechanism is closely related to the activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Lyu
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangchun Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingdong Lu
- Pathology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyuan Zhao
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Preventive Treatment of Disease Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Ye
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Jeyachandran AV, Zaiss AK, Chakravarty N, Singh S, Delgado Y, Paravastu R, Satheeshkumar N, Gerald E, Jeysankar A, Thomas J, Fuller L, Lee N, Taylor C, Joshi S, Parcells M, French SW, Date A, Bouhaddou M, Garcia G, Kumar A, Damoiseaux R, Arumugaswami V. Drug screen reveals new potent host-targeted antivirals against Mpox virus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.05.02.651913. [PMID: 40400715 PMCID: PMC12094526 DOI: 10.1101/2025.05.02.651913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2025]
Abstract
Mpox virus (MPXV), a re-emerging zoonotic threat, has caused outbreaks in non-endemic regions through respiratory, sexual, and close-contact transmission. The increased transmissibility of Clade IIb fueled the 2022 global outbreak, with 2024 Clade Ib spread in the Democratic Republic of Congo further escalating concern. Both outbreaks were declared public health emergencies by the WHO. Although tecovirimat (TPOXX) has been used off-label for Mpox, its limited effectiveness highlights the critical need for newer antivirals for MPXV. We conducted high-throughput antiviral drug screening using a host-directed kinase inhibitor library composed of 2,750 compounds against 2022 Clade IIb MPXV. Our primary screen identified 138 compounds preventing MPXV cytopathic effects, including multiple inhibitors of EGFR, PI3K-mTOR, and Ras/Raf, as well as apoptosis and autophagy regulators. Secondary and tertiary screenings yielded a shortlist of potent, nontoxic antiviral compounds that inhibited MPXV replication. Three selected compounds, IRAK4-IN-6, SM-7368, and KRAS inhibitor-10, reduced MPXV-induced cell death in primary human epidermal keratinocytes. IRAK4-IN-6 and SM-7368 were also found to modulate NF-κB and STING signaling. Furthermore, these compounds were found effective in reducing skin lesions and viral burden in a mouse model of MPXV skin infection. Together, our study reveals new classes of antiviral compounds against MPXV, offering promising candidates for future clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anne K. Zaiss
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yennifer Delgado
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ramya Paravastu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nivedha Satheeshkumar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ephrem Gerald
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aakash Jeysankar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Thomas
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lilly Fuller
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noella Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cameron Taylor
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu Joshi
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Samuel W. French
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abhijit Date
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Li Z, Cheng W, Gao K, Liang S, Ke L, Wang M, Fan J, Li D, Zhang P, Xu Z, Li N. Pyroptosis: A spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in degenerative bone and joint diseases. J Adv Res 2025; 71:227-262. [PMID: 38876191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As people age, degenerative bone and joint diseases (DBJDs) become more prevalent. When middle-aged and elderly people are diagnosed with one or more disorders such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), it often signals the onset of prolonged pain and reduced functionality. Chronic inflammation has been identified as the underlying cause of various degenerative diseases, including DBJDs. Recently, excessive activation of pyroptosis, a form of programed cell death (PCD) mediated by inflammasomes, has emerged as a primary driver of harmful chronic inflammation. Consequently, pyroptosis has become a potential target for preventing and treating DBJDs. AIM OF REVIEW This review explored the physiological and pathological roles of the pyroptosis pathway in bone and joint development and its relation to DBJDs. Meanwhile, it elaborated the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis within individual cell types in the bone marrow and joints, as well as the interplay among different cell types in the context of DBJDs. Furthermore, this review presented the latest compelling evidence supporting the idea of regulating the pyroptosis pathway for DBJDs treatment, and discussed the potential, limitations, and challenges of various therapeutic strategies involving pyroptosis regulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In summary, an interesting identity for the unregulated pyroptosis pathway in the context of DBJDs was proposed in this review, which was undertaken as a spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in a degenerative environment. Over the extended course of DBJDs, pyroptosis pathway perpetuated its activity through crosstalk among pyroptosis cascades in different cell types, thus exacerbating the inflammatory environment throughout the entire bone marrow and joint degeneration environment. Correspondingly, pyroptosis regulation therapy emerged as a promising option for clinical treatment of DBJDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenxiang Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kuanhui Gao
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Songlin Liang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liqing Ke
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jilin Fan
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000 China; Shandong Zhongke Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250300 China.
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Nianhu Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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Mu K, Geng J, Dong Y, Guo W. Identification of signature genes and relationship with immune cell infiltration in intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Genet 2025; 16:1551124. [PMID: 40270539 PMCID: PMC12015982 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2025.1551124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is of great significance for prevention of the disease from progressing to a serious stage. This study aimed to investigate the signature genes and their association with immune cells in IVD degeneration. Methods We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in a dataset of IVD degeneration samples from the GEO database. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and DEGs were employed to pinpoint the key modules and IVD degeneration genes. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for these IVD degeneration genes. Signature genes were identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore signaling pathways related to signature genes, and CIBERSORT® was used to classify immune cell infiltration. Function of the hub gene was confirmed by PCR, Western blotting and ELISA. Results 2,254 DEGs were identified from GSE56081, and WGCNA grouped the data into 9 modules. MEbrown module had a significant correlation with IVD degeneration (cor = 0.99, P = 8.00 × 10-8). LASSO analysis selected HSPA1B, TOB1, ECM1, PTTG1IP as signature genes with excellent diagnostic efficiency. Furthermore, we assessed the diagnostic efficacy of every signature gene in predicting IVD degeneration using an external validation group (GSE70362). The results showed that two of the signature genes (TOB1, ECM1) had significant diagnostic effect in predicting the degeneration of IVD. GSEA analysis showed TOB1 and ECM1 involve in NOD like receptor signaling pathway, phenylalanine metabolism. Ether lipid metabolism, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis keratin sulfate, RNA degradation pathway. CIBERSORT® suggested TOB1 and ECM1 may participate in immune cells infiltration. Finally, we identified TOB1 as a crucial molecule in the process of NP cell pyroptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Conclusion TOB1 may show remarkable diagnostic performance in IVD degeneration and may be implicated in the infiltration of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Mu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - JingChao Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research, Cangzhou, China
- Hebei Province Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine 3D Printing Technology Innovation Center, Cangzhou, China
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Sao K, Risbud MV. SDC4 drives fibrotic remodeling of the intervertebral disc under altered spinal loading. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2025:2025.03.13.643128. [PMID: 40161806 PMCID: PMC11952502 DOI: 10.1101/2025.03.13.643128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
Alterations in physiological loading of the spine are deleterious to intervertebral disc health. The caudal spine region Ca3-6 that experiences increased flexion, showed disc degeneration in young adult mice. Given the role of Syndecan 4 (SDC4), a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan in disc matrix catabolism and mechanosensing, we investigated if deletion could mitigate this loading-dependent phenotype. Notably, at spinal levels Ca3-6, Sdc4- KO mice did not exhibit increased collagen fibril and fibronectin deposition in the NP compartment or showed the alterations in collagen crosslinks observed in wild-type mice. Similarly, unlike wild-type mice, NP cells in Sdc4 -KO mice retained transgelin (TGLN) expression and showed absence of COL X deposition, pointing to the preservation of their notochordal characteristics. Proteomic analysis revealed that NP tissues responded to the abnormal loading by increasing the abundance of proteins associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, chondrocyte development, and contractility. Similarly, downregulated proteins suggested decreased vesicle transport, autophagy-related pathway, and RNA quality control regulation. Notably, NP proteome from Sdc4 KO suggested that increased dynamin-mediated endocytosis, autophagy-related pathway, and RNA and DNA quality control may underscore the protection from increased flexion-induced degeneration. Our study highlights the important role of SDC4 in fine-tuning cellular homeostasis and extracellular matrix production in disc environment subjected to altered loading.
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Lu S, Li M, Cheng Z, Liang Y, Huang J, Huang J, Wang K, Yao D, Chen E, Wang P, Li Y, Huang L. HMGB1-mediated macrophage regulation of NF-κB activation and MMP3 upregulation in nucleus pulposus cells: A critical mechanism in the vicious cycle of intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Signal 2025; 127:111628. [PMID: 39880103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2025.111628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Revised: 01/09/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of low back pain, primarily driven by inflammatory processes within the disc, particularly involving the infiltration and activity of macrophages. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) has been identified as a crucial mediator in this inflammatory cascade, yet its precise role in macrophage-induced disc degeneration remains unclear. In this study, we employed a combination of in vivo and in vitro models, including genetically engineered mice with macrophage-specific overexpression of HMGB1, a rat model of IVDD, and cultured macrophages and nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), to elucidate the role of HMGB1 in IVDD. Our findings reveal that HMGB1 overexpression in macrophages significantly accelerates IVDD progression by enhancing NF-κB activation and upregulating MMP3 expression in NPCs. Furthermore, the administration of glycyrrhizin (GL), an HMGB1 inhibitor, effectively mitigated these effects, delaying IVDD progression. This study not only uncovers the critical mechanisms by which HMGB1 regulates the interactions between macrophages and NPCs in the inflammatory microenvironment but also provides a theoretical framework for targeting HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for IVDD. Thus, our findings suggest a promising novel approach for the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Ziying Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.555 Youyi East Road, Xi'an 710000, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Junshen Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Longhua District, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Jiajun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Dengbo Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Enming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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Zhou D, Liu T, Mei Y, Lv J, Cheng K, Cai W, Gao S, Guo D, Xie X, Liu Z. Identifying critical modules and biomarkers of intervertebral disc degeneration by using weighted gene co-expression network. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e70004. [PMID: 39430414 PMCID: PMC11487274 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.70004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is an age-related orthopedic degenerative disease characterized by recurrent episodes of lower back pain, the pathogenesis of which is not fully understood. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers of IVDD and its causes. Methods We acquired three gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, GSE56081, GSE124272, and GSE153761, and used limma fast differential analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and IVDD samples after removing batch effects. We applied weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) to identify the key modular genes in GSE124272 and intersected these with DEGs. Next, A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed, and Cytoscape was used to identify the Top 10 hub genes. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Three key genes were validated using Western Blot (WB) and qRT-PCR. Additionally, we predicted miRNAs involved in hub gene co-regulation and analyzed miRNA microarray data from GSE116726 to identify four differentially expressed miRNAs. Results We identified 10 hub genes using bioinformatics analysis, gene function enrichment analysis revealed that they were primarily enriched in pathways, such as the TNF signaling pathway. We chose JUNB, SOCS3, and CEBPB as hub genes and used WB and qRT-PCR to confirm their expression. All three genes were overexpressed in the IVDD model group compared to the control group. Furthermore, we identified four miRNAs involved in the co-regulation of the hub genes using miRNet prediction: mir-191-5p, mir-20a-5p, mir-155-5p, and mir-124-3p. Using limma difference analysis, we discovered that mir-191-5p, mir-20a-5p, and mir-155-5p were all down-regulated and expressed in IVDD samples, but mir-124-3p showed no significant change. Conclusion JUNB, SOCS3, and CEBPB were identified as key genes in IVDD, regulated by specific miRNAs, providing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yongliang Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jiale Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Silong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Daru Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Xianping Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina
- Department of OrthopedicsLuzhou Longmatan District People's HospitalLuzhouSichuanChina
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10
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Ní Néill T, Barcellona MN, Wilson N, O'Brien FJ, Dixon JE, Curtin CM, Buckley CT. In vitro and ex vivo screening of microRNA combinations with enhanced cell penetrating peptides to stimulate intervertebral disc regeneration. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1366. [PMID: 39726900 PMCID: PMC11669629 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is predominantly caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) and central nucleus pulposus (NP) region. Conservative treatments fail to restore disc function, motivating the exploration of nucleic acid therapies, such as the use of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs have the potential to modulate expression of discogenic factors, while silencing the catabolic cascade associated with degeneration. To deliver these miRNAs, nonviral cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are gaining favor given their low immunogenicity and strong targeting ability. Single miRNA therapies have been investigated for IVD repair, however dual miRNA delivery strategies have not been commonly examined and may augment regeneration. Materials and methods Transfection of four pro-discogenic miRNAs (miRNA mimics:140-5p; 149-5p and inhibitors: 141-3p; 221-3p) and dual delivery of six miRNA pairings was performed using two CPPs, RALA and GET peptide (FLR), in primary rat NP monolayer culture, and in an ex vivo organ culture model of rat caudal discs. Protein expression of discogenic (aggrecan, collagen type II, and SOX9) and catabolic markers (ADAMTS5 and MMP13) were assessed. Results Monolayer investigations signified enhanced discogenic marker expression following dual miRNA delivery, signifying a synergistic effect when compared to single miRNA transfection. Utilization of an appropriate model was emphasized in our ex vivo organ culture experiment, revealing the establishment of a regenerative microenvironment characterized by reduced catabolic enzyme activity and enhanced matrix deposition, particularly following concurrent delivery of FLR-miRNA-149-5p mimic and miRNA-221-3p inhibitor. Bioinformatics analysis of miRNA-149-5p mimic and miRNA-221-3p inhibitor identified distinct targets, pathways, and interactions, suggesting a mode of action for this amplified response. Conclusion Our findings suggest the potential of FLR-miRNA-149-5p + miRNA-221-3p inhibitor to create an anti-catabolic niche within the disc to foster regeneration in moderate cases of disc degeneration, which could be utilized in further studies with the overarching aim of developing treatments for LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Ní Néill
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
| | - Marcos N. Barcellona
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
| | - Niamh Wilson
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSIDublinIreland
| | - James E. Dixon
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular TherapiesThe University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute (BDI), School of Pharmacy, University of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Caroline M. Curtin
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSIDublinIreland
| | - Conor T. Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Discipline of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland & Trinity College Dublin, The University of DublinDublinIreland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSIDublinIreland
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11
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Chen X, He F, Zhang H, Ma Y, Yu J, Qin H, Wu F, Wang Z, Zhan Y, Zhang J, Lu L, Zhang M, Yu S. Syndecan-4 inhibition attenuates cartilage degeneration in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:2324-2335. [PMID: 39101668 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndecan 4 (SDC4), a type I transmembrane proteoglycan, serves as a critical link between chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the role of SDC4 in cartilage degeneration of temporomandibular joint osteoathritis (TMJOA). METHODS Condylar chondrocytes were stimulated with varying concentrations of recombinant rat interleukin-1β (rrIL-1β) and SDC4 small interfering RNA (si-SDC4). Anti-SDC4 ectodomain-specific antibodies or IgG were intra-articularly administrated in a TMJOA model rats. SDC4 conditional knockout (SDC4-cKO) and Sdc4flox/flox mice were induced TMJOA. Cartilage degeneration was assessed using haematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and safranin O (SO) staining. Protein levels of SDC4, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5), tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), type II collagen (Col-II), aggrecan (ACAN), cleaved caspase 3 (CASP3), Ki67 and related pathways in condylar cartilage were evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining or western blot assays. RESULTS SDC4 expression was evidently increased in MIA-model animals compared to control groups. rrIL-1β stimulation increased the expression of SDC4, MMP3 and ADAMTS5 expression in chondrocytes, while decreasing the expression of Col-II. These effects were reversed by si-SDC4 in vitro. In vivo, SDC4 blockade reduced the death of chondrocytes and the loss of cartilage matrix, which was evidenced by increased expression of Col-II and ACAN, and a decrease in SDC4, MMP13 and cleaved-CASP3-positive cells. Furthermore, the protein levels of ACAN and Ki67 were elevated, and the ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways were activated following SDC4 inhibition. CONCLUSIONS SDC4 inhibition significantly ameliorates condylar cartilage degeneration, which was mediated, at least partly, through P38 and ERK1/2 signalling. Inhibition of SDC4 may be of great value for the treatment of TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Lintong Xiekou Health Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhou D, Mei Y, Song C, Cheng K, Cai W, Guo D, Gao S, Lv J, Liu T, Zhou Y, Wang L, Liu B, Liu Z. Exploration of the mode of death and potential death mechanisms of nucleus pulposus cells. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14226. [PMID: 38632688 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common chronic orthopaedic disease in orthopaedics that imposes a heavy economic burden on people and society. Although it is well established that IVDD is associated with genetic susceptibility, ageing and obesity, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Previously, IVDD was thought to occur because of excessive mechanical loading leading to destruction of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), but studies have shown that IVDD is a much more complex process associated with inflammation, metabolic factors and NPCs death and can involve all parts of the disc, characterized by causing NPCs death and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. The damage pattern of NPCs in IVDD is like that of some programmed cell death, suggesting that IVDD is associated with programmed cell death. Although apoptosis and pyroptosis of NPCs have been studied in IVDD, the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration can still not be fully elucidated by using only traditional cell death modalities. With increasing research, some new modes of cell death, PANoptosis, ferroptosis and senescence have been found to be closely related to intervertebral disc degeneration. Among these, PANoptosis combines essential elements of pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis to form a highly coordinated and dynamically balanced programmed inflammatory cell death process. Furthermore, we believe that PANoptosis may also crosstalk with pyroptosis and senescence. Therefore, we review the progress of research on multiple deaths of NPCs in IVDD to provide guidance for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yongliang Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daru Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Silong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiale Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
- Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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13
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Sao K, Risbud MV. Sdc4 deletion perturbs intervertebral disc matrix homeostasis and promotes early osteopenia in the aging mouse spine. Matrix Biol 2024; 131:46-61. [PMID: 38806135 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Syndecan 4 (SDC4), a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is known to regulate matrix catabolism by nucleus pulposus cells in an inflammatory milieu. However, the role of SDC4 in the aging spine has never been explored. Here we analyzed the spinal phenotype of Sdc4 global knockout (KO) mice as a function of age. Micro-computed tomography showed that Sdc4 deletion severely reduced vertebral trabecular and cortical bone mass, and biomechanical properties of vertebrae were significantly altered in Sdc4 KO mice. These changes in vertebral bone were likely due to elevated osteoclastic activity. The histological assessment showed subtle phenotypic changes in the intervertebral disc. Imaging-Fourier transform-infrared analyses showed a reduced relative ratio of mature collagen crosslinks in young adult nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) of KO compared to wildtype discs. Additionally, relative chondroitin sulfate levels increased in the NP compartment of the KO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of NP tissue using CompBio, an AI-based tool showed biological themes associated with prominent dysregulation of heparan sulfate GAG degradation, mitochondria metabolism, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated misfolded protein processes and ER to Golgi protein processing. Overall, this study highlights the important role of SDC4 in fine-tuning vertebral bone homeostasis and extracellular matrix homeostasis in the mouse intervertebral disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimheak Sao
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Jefferson College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 501 College Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Jefferson College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 501 College Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
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14
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Tang J, Luo Y, Wang Q, Wu J, Wei Y. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery Systems for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4735-4757. [PMID: 38813390 PMCID: PMC11135562 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s463939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major cause of low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration is an increasingly prevalent chronic disease worldwide that leads to huge annual financial losses. The intervertebral disc consists of the inner nucleus pulposus, outer annulus fibrosus, and sandwiched cartilage endplates. All these factors collectively participate in maintaining the structure and physiological functions of the disc. During the unavoidable degeneration stage, the degenerated discs are surrounded by a harsh microenvironment characterized by acidic, oxidative, inflammatory, and chaotic cytokine expression. Loss of stem cell markers, imbalance of the extracellular matrix, increase in inflammation, sensory hyperinnervation, and vascularization have been considered as the reasons for the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. The current treatment approaches include conservative therapy and surgery, both of which have drawbacks. Novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems are more promising future therapeutic options than traditional treatments. By combining bioactive agents with specially designed hydrogels, scaffolds, microspheres, and nanoparticles, novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems can realize the targeted and sustained release of drugs, which can both reduce systematic adverse effects and maximize therapeutic efficacy. Trigger factors are categorized into internal (pH, reactive oxygen species, enzymes, etc.) and external stimuli (photo, ultrasound, magnetic, etc.) based on their intrinsic properties. This review systematically summarizes novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems for intervertebral disc degeneration, shedding new light on intervertebral disc therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qirui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juntao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Luo J, Jin G, Cui S, Wang H, Liu Q. Regulatory mechanism of FCGR2A in macrophage polarization and its effects on intervertebral disc degeneration. J Physiol 2024; 602:1341-1369. [PMID: 38544414 DOI: 10.1113/jp285871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) poses a significant health burden, necessitating a deeper understanding of its molecular underpinnings. Transcriptomic analysis reveals 485 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with IDD, underscoring the importance of immune regulation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identifies a yellow module strongly correlated with IDD, intersecting with 197 DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identifies ITGAX, MMP9 and FCGR2A as hub genes, predominantly expressed in macrophages. Functional validation through in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrates the pivotal role of FCGR2A in macrophage polarization and IDD progression. Mechanistically, FCGR2A knockdown suppresses M1 macrophage polarization and NF-κB phosphorylation while enhancing M2 polarization and STAT3 activation, leading to ameliorated IDD in animal models. This study sheds light on the regulatory function of FCGR2A in macrophage polarization, offering novel insights for IDD intervention strategies. KEY POINTS: This study unveils the role of FCGR2A in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). FCGR2A knockdown mitigates IDD in cellular and animal models. Single-cell RNA-sequencing uncovers diverse macrophage subpopulations in degenerated IVDs. This study reveals the molecular mechanism of FCGR2A in regulating macrophage polarization. This study confirms the role of the NF-κB/STAT3 pathway in regulating macrophage polarization in IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Luo
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqian Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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16
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Kim J, Ryu G, Seo J, Go M, Kim G, Yi S, Kim S, Lee H, Lee JY, Kim HS, Park MC, Shin DH, Shim H, Kim W, Lee SY. 5-aminosalicylic acid suppresses osteoarthritis through the OSCAR-PPARγ axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1024. [PMID: 38310093 PMCID: PMC10838344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and irreversible degenerative joint disease that is characterized by cartilage destruction, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovitis. Despite affecting millions of patients, effective and safe disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs are lacking. Here we reveal an unexpected role for the small molecule 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), which is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in ulcerative colitis. We show that 5-ASA competes with extracellular-matrix collagen-II to bind to osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) on chondrocytes. Intra-articular 5-ASA injections ameliorate OA generated by surgery-induced medial-meniscus destabilization in male mice. Significantly, this effect is also observed when 5-ASA was administered well after OA onset. Moreover, mice with DMM-induced OA that are treated with 5-ASA at weeks 8-11 and sacrificed at week 12 have thicker cartilage than untreated mice that were sacrificed at week 8. Mechanistically, 5-ASA reverses OSCAR-mediated transcriptional repression of PPARγ in articular chondrocytes, thereby suppressing COX-2-related inflammation. It also improves chondrogenesis, strongly downregulates ECM catabolism, and promotes ECM anabolism. Our results suggest that 5-ASA could serve as a DMOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gina Ryu
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Seo
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Go
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungmin Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Yi
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hae Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbo Shim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wankyu Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Multitasking Macrophage Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Xie G, Wu T, Ji G, Wu H, Lai Y, Wei B, Huang W. Circular RNA and intervertebral disc degeneration: unravelling mechanisms and implications. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1302017. [PMID: 38192334 PMCID: PMC10773835 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1302017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem worldwide and a significant health and economic burden. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the reason for LBP. However, we have not identified effective therapeutic strategies to address this challenge. With accumulating knowledge on the role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of IDD, we realised that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may have tremendous therapeutic potential and clinical application prospects in this field. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of characteristics, classification, biogenesis, and function of circRNAs and summarises the protective and detrimental circRNAs involved in the intervertebral disc that have been studied thus far. This review is aimed to help researchers better understand the regulatory role of circRNAs in the progression of IDD, reveal their clinical therapeutic potential, and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and targeted treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohao Xie
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tingrui Wu
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hang Wu
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Lai
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Orthopaedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Zhang Y, Zheng L, Fang J, Ni K, Hu X, Ye L, Lai H, Yang T, Chen Z, He D. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promotes intervertebral disc degeneration through the NF-κB pathway, and the MIF inhibitor CPSI-1306 alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration in a mouse model. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23303. [PMID: 37983963 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301441r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD) is a prevalent inflammatory disease caused by many proinflammatory factors, such as TNF and IL-1β. Migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an upstream inflammatory factor widely expressed in vivo that is associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases or malignant tumors and has potential therapeutic value in many diseases. We explored the role of MIF in intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the content of exogenous MIF or the expression of MIF in cells. Upon inducing degeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells with IL-1β, we found that the increase in intracellular and exogenous MIF promoted the catabolism induced by proinflammatory factors in NP cells, while silencing of the MIF gene alleviated the degeneration to some extent. In a mouse model, the intervertebral disc degeneration of MIF-KO mice was significantly less than that of wild-type mice. To explore the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, we selected the small-molecular MIF inhibitor CPSI-1306. CPSI-1306 had a therapeutic effect on intervertebral disc degeneration in the mouse model. In summary, we believe that MIF plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration and is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Kainan Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Hehuan Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Zhenzhong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
| | - Dengwei He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital and Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Lishui, China
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Jha R, Bernstock JD, Chalif JI, Hoffman SE, Gupta S, Guo H, Lu Y. Updates on Pathophysiology of Discogenic Back Pain. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6907. [PMID: 37959372 PMCID: PMC10647359 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Discogenic back pain, a subset of chronic back pain, is caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, and imparts a notable socioeconomic health burden on the population. However, degeneration by itself does not necessarily imply discogenic pain. In this review, we highlight the existing literature on the pathophysiology of discogenic back pain, focusing on the biomechanical and biochemical steps that lead to pain in the setting of IVD degeneration. Though the pathophysiology is incompletely characterized, the current evidence favors a framework where degeneration leads to IVD inflammation, and subsequent immune milieu recruitment. Chronic inflammation serves as a basis of penetrating neovascularization and neoinnervation into the IVD. Hence, nociceptive sensitization emerges, which manifests as discogenic back pain. Recent studies also highlight the complimentary roles of low virulence infections and central nervous system (CNS) metabolic state alteration. Targeted therapies that seek to disrupt inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurogenic pathways are being investigated. Regenerative therapy in the form of gene therapy and cell-based therapy are also being explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Jha
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua D. Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua I. Chalif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha E. Hoffman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Saksham Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Yoshihara T, Morimoto T, Hirata H, Murayama M, Nonaka T, Tsukamoto M, Toda Y, Kobayashi T, Izuhara K, Mawatari M. Mechanisms of tissue degeneration mediated by periostin in spinal degenerative diseases and their implications for pathology and diagnosis: a review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1276900. [PMID: 38020106 PMCID: PMC10645150 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1276900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN) serves a dual role as both a matricellular protein and an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and is widely expressed in various tissues and cells. As an ECM protein, POSTN binds to integrin receptors, transduces signals to cells, enabling cell activation. POSTN has been linked with various diseases, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and the progression of multiple cancers. Recently, its association with orthopedic diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis resulting from cartilage destruction, degenerative diseases of the intervertebral disks, and ligament degenerative diseases, has also become apparent. Furthermore, POSTN has been shown to be a valuable biomarker for understanding the pathophysiology of orthopedic diseases. In addition to serum POSTN, synovial fluid POSTN in joints has been reported to be useful as a biomarker. Risk factors for spinal degenerative diseases include aging, mechanical stress, trauma, genetic predisposition, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, but the cause of spinal degenerative diseases (SDDs) remains unclear. Studies on the pathophysiological effects of POSTN may significantly contribute toward the diagnosis and treatment of spinal degenerative diseases. Therefore, in this review, we aim to examine the mechanisms of tissue degeneration caused by mechanical and inflammatory stresses in the bones, cartilage, intervertebral disks, and ligaments, which are crucial components of the spine, with a focus on POSTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohito Yoshihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nonaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yu Toda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takaomi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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21
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Farrugia BL, Melrose J. The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14101. [PMID: 37762403 PMCID: PMC10531531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the roles of HS-proteoglycans (HS-PGs) in general, and, in particular, perlecan and syndecan as representative examples and their interactive ligands, which regulate physiological processes and cellular behavior in health and disease. HS-PGs are essential for the functional properties of tissues both in development and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that occurs in response to trauma or disease. HS-PGs interact with a biodiverse range of chemokines, chemokine receptors, protease inhibitors, and growth factors in immune regulation, inflammation, ECM stabilization, and tissue protection. Some cell regulatory proteoglycan receptors are dually modified hybrid HS/CS proteoglycans (betaglycan, CD47). Neurexins provide synaptic stabilization, plasticity, and specificity of interaction, promoting neurotransduction, neurogenesis, and differentiation. Ternary complexes of glypican-1 and Robbo-Slit neuroregulatory proteins direct axonogenesis and neural network formation. Specific neurexin-neuroligin complexes stabilize synaptic interactions and neural activity. Disruption in these interactions leads to neurological deficits in disorders of functional cognitive decline. Interactions with HS-PGs also promote or inhibit tumor development. Thus, HS-PGs have complex and diverse regulatory roles in the physiological processes that regulate cellular behavior and the functional properties of normal and pathological tissues. Specialized HS-PGs, such as the neurexins, pikachurin, and Eyes-shut, provide synaptic stabilization and specificity of neural transduction and also stabilize the axenome primary cilium of phototoreceptors and ribbon synapse interactions with bipolar neurons of retinal neural networks, which are essential in ocular vision. Pikachurin and Eyes-Shut interactions with an α-dystroglycan stabilize the photoreceptor synapse. Novel regulatory roles for HS-PGs controlling cell behavior and tissue function are expected to continue to be uncovered in this fascinating class of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School (Northern), University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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22
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Raulinaitė K, Želvytė R, Škėmienė K, Burbaitė E, Karvelienė B, Monkevičienė I. The Single Intra-Articular Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma vs. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs as Treatment Options for Canine Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Patellar Luxation. Vet Sci 2023; 10:555. [PMID: 37756077 PMCID: PMC10537195 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) and patellar luxation (PL) are common pathologies affecting canines. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used as a non-surgical treatment plan in these cases. Clinical usage of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging area of interest in veterinary medicine. There is a lack of studies comparing those two different treatment methods in veterinary medicine. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the use of oral NSAIDs and single intra-articular injection of PRP on treatment outcomes in cases of canine CCLR and PL. Dogs diagnosed with CCRL (n = 12) and PL (n = 10) were subgrouped by the severity of pathologies and administered treatment: half of the CCRL and PL groups were orally administered NSAIDs and supplements for 14 days, and the other half received a single intra-articular PRP injection into affected stifle joint. We measured serum TNF-α levels and clinical outcomes (lameness scores, painfulness to manipulations, goniometry of stifle joint in flexion and extension, and muscle strength) before treatment, at day 14 and day 28 of treatment. The results of TNF-α concentration indicates a significant difference between groups of differently treated partial CCLR groups on d14 (p = 0.006). Results of group CCLR-P1 on d14 were decreased, while results of group CCLR-P2 on d14 were increased. When comparing TNF-α concentration between all CCLR cases treated with NSAIDs and treated with PRP, there was a significant difference between those groups on d14 (p = 0.001). The results of TNF-α concentration indicates a significant difference between groups of differently treated PL-III on d28 (p = 0.036). Results of group PL-III1 indicate growth of TNF-α concentration, while at the same d28, results of group PL-III2 indicate decreased levels of cytokine, comparing results between the subgroups at the same time point and within subgroups from baseline. Results indicate a significant difference in muscle strength between group CCLR-P1 and group CCLR-P2 on d28 (p = 0.007), indicating an increment in muscle strength in group CCLR-P1 up to d14 and its reduction up to d28, and muscle strength of group CCLR-P2 increasing up to d28. When comparing the muscle strength between all CCLR cases treated with NSAIDs and treated with PRP, there was a significant difference between those groups on d28 (p = 0.007). In conclusion, a single intra-articular injection of PRP has a superior effect on management of inflammatory processes, has better clinical outcomes, and longer duration of action than oral NSAIDs, in the treatment of canine CCRL or PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Raulinaitė
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (I.M.)
| | - Rasa Želvytė
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (I.M.)
| | - Kristina Škėmienė
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių Str. 4, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Evelina Burbaitė
- San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Neurology and Neurosurgery Division, Viale dell’Industria 3, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | - Birutė Karvelienė
- Dr. L. Kriaučeliūnas Small Animals Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Ingrida Monkevičienė
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (I.M.)
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23
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Xu H, Li J, Fei Q, Jiang L. Contribution of immune cells to intervertebral disc degeneration and the potential of immunotherapy. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:413-427. [PMID: 37161923 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2212051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence supports that chronic low back pain is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which is accompanied by decreased cell activity and matrix degradation. The role of immune cells, especially macrophages, in a variety of diseases has been extensively studied; therefore, their role in IDD has naturally attracted widespread scholarly interest. The IVD is considered to be an immunologically-privileged site given the presence of physical and biological barriers that include an avascular microenvironment, a high proteoglycan concentration, high physical pressure, the presence of apoptosis inducers such as Fas ligand, and the presence of notochordal cells. However, during IDD, immune cells with distinct characteristics appear in the IVD. Some of these immune cells release factors that promote the inflammatory response and angiogenesis in the disc and are, therefore, important drivers of IDD. Although some studies have elucidated the role of immune cells, no specific strategies related to systemic immunotherapy have been proposed. Herein, we summarize current knowledge of the presence and role of immune cells in IDD and consider that immunotherapy targeting immune cells may be a novel strategy for alleviating IDD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinming Fei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
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Li M, Zhu Y, Shao J, Wang C, Dong B, Cui H, Dai D. Chelidonine reduces IL-1β-induced inflammation and matrix catabolism in chondrocytes and attenuates cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12604. [PMID: 37585914 PMCID: PMC10427162 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte inflammation and catabolism are two major features in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Chelidonine, a principal alkaloid extracted from Chelidonium majus, is suggested to show anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-oxidation activities in various diseases. However, its potential effects on OA cartilage degeneration remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of chelidonine on OA and its underlying mechanism, we incubated chondrocytes with interleukin (IL)-1β and chelidonine at varying concentrations. Then, we performed the CCK-8 assay, fluorescence immunostaining, reverse transcription PCR, ELISA, and western blotting to evaluate cell viability, catabolic/inflammatory factors, levels of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, and the involved pathways. H&E and Safranin-O staining and ELISA were performed to measure cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation. Chelidonine suppressed the IL-1β-mediated catabolism and inflammation of chondrocytes. Chelidonine suppressed the NF-κB pathway activation. Similarly, our in vivo experiment showed that chelidonine partially attenuated cartilage degradation while inhibiting synovial inflammation. Chelidonine inhibited inflammation and catabolism through modulation of NF-κB pathways in vitro, thereby avoiding rat cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation within OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huainan Chaoyang Hospital, Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanbing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyong Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Dongdong Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Huainan Oriental Hospital Group Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China
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25
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Li X, Zhang J, Wang B, Chen C, Zhang E, Lv Z, He Q, Hu Y, Wang X, Zhang F. USP24-dependent stabilization of Runx2 recruits a p300/NCOA3 complex to transactivate ADAMTS genes and promote degeneration of intervertebral disc in chronic inflammation mice. Biol Direct 2023; 18:37. [PMID: 37415159 PMCID: PMC10324278 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) naturally occurs during the aging process. Its occurrence is closely related to chronic inflammation; however, the causal relationship between them is controversial. This study aimed to investigate if inflammation would promote IDD incidence and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS A chronic inflammation mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine proinflammatory cytokines in serum. Histological staining was used to evaluate the degeneration of IVDs. Immunoblots and RT-qPCR analyses were performed to measure protein and mRNA expression levels. Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to determine the assembly of protein complex. RESULTS We found that an inflammatory microenvironment activated p38 kinase, which phosphorylated the Runx2 transcription factor at the Ser28 site. The phosphorylated Runx2 (pRunx2) then recruited a deubiquitinase, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 24 (USP24), which stabilized pRunx2 and protected it from ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. The stabilized pRunx2 recruited histone acetyltransferase p300 and nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3) to assemble a complex. This NCOA3-p300-pRunx2 complex then transactivated the expression of 13 ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif) genes, thereby promoting the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in intervertebral discs (IVDs) and causing IDD. Administration of either a p38 inhibitor (doramapimod), a NCOA3 inhibitor (bufalin), or a p300 inhibitor (EML425) significantly decreased the expression of the 13 ADAMTS genes and slowed the degeneration of IVDs. CONCLUSION In summary, our results demonstrate that USP24 protects pRunx2 from proteasomal degradation under chronic inflammation conditions, enabling pRunx2 to transactivate ADAMTS genes and degrade ECM. Our findings provide direct evidence that chronic inflammation triggers IDD and offer a therapeutic strategy for retarding IDD in patients with chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Enyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Zhengpin Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Qicong He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Yaoquan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Xuenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China.
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26
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Snuggs JW, Emanuel KS, Rustenburg C, Janani R, Partridge S, Sammon C, Smit TH, Le Maitre CL. Injectable biomaterial induces regeneration of the intervertebral disc in a caprine loaded disc culture model. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:4630-4643. [PMID: 37204288 PMCID: PMC10294806 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00150d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Back pain is the leading cause of disability with half of cases attributed to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, yet currently no therapies target this cause. We previously reported an ex vivo caprine loaded disc culture system (LDCS) that accurately represents the cellular phenotype and biomechanical environment of human IVD degeneration. Here, the efficacy of an injectable hydrogel system (LAPONITE® crosslinked pNIPAM-co-DMAc, (NPgel)) to halt or reverse the catabolic processes of IVD degeneration was investigated within the LDCS. Following enzymatic induction of degeneration using 1 mg mL-1 collagenase and 2 U mL-1 chondroitinase ABC within the LDCS for 7 days, IVDs were injected with NPgel alone or with encapsulated human bone marrow progenitor cells (BMPCs). Un-injected caprine discs served as degenerate controls. IVDs were cultured for a further 21 days within the LDCS. Tissues were then processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. No extrusion of NPgel was observed during culture. A significant decrease in histological grade of degeneration was seen in both IVDs injected with NPgel alone and NPgel seeded with BMPCs, compared to un-injected controls. Fissures within degenerate tissue were filled by NPgel and there was evidence of native cell migration into injected NPgel. The expression of healthy NP matrix markers (collagen type II and aggrecan) was increased, whereas the expression of catabolic proteins (MMP3, ADAMTS4, IL-1β and IL-8) was decreased in NPgel (±BMPCs) injected discs, compared to degenerate controls. This demonstrates that NPgel promotes new matrix production at the same time as halting the degenerative cascade within a physiologically relevant testing platform. This highlights the potential of NPgel as a future therapy for IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Snuggs
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kaj S Emanuel
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christine Rustenburg
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronak Janani
- Materials Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon Partridge
- Materials Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher Sammon
- Materials Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Theo H Smit
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christine L Le Maitre
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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Zhou D, Song C, Mei Y, Cheng K, Liu F, Cai W, Gao S, Wang Z, Liu Z. A review of Duhuo Jisheng decoction mechanisms in intervertebral disc degeneration in vitro and animal studies. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:436. [PMID: 37322524 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03869-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has become a serious public health problem, placing a heavy burden on society and the healthcare system. Its pathogenesis is not completely clear and may be closely related to mechanical damage, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and death of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The treatment of IVDD mainly includes conservative treatment and surgery. Conservative treatment is based on hormonal and anti-inflammatory drugs and massage techniques, which can relieve the pain symptoms to a certain extent, but cannot solve the problem from the root cause. Surgical treatment is mainly by removing the herniated nucleus pulposus, but it is more traumatic for IVDD patients, expensive and not suitable for all patients. Therefore, it is extremely important to clarify the pathogenesis of IVDD, to find an effective and convenient treatment and to further elaborate its mechanism of action. The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of IVDD has been well demonstrated in clinical medical research. We have been working on the Chinese herbal formula Duhuo Jisheng Decoction, which is a common formula for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. Not only does it have significant clinical effects, but it also has few adverse effects. At present, we found that its mechanism of action mainly involves regulation of inflammatory factors, reduction of apoptosis and pyroptosis of NPCs, inhibition of extracellular matrix degradation, improvement of intestinal flora, etc. However, a few relevant articles have yet comprehensively and systematically summarized the mechanisms by which they exert their effect. Therefore, this paper will comprehensively and systematically explain on it. This is of great clinical significance and social value for elucidating the pathogenesis of IVDD and improving the symptoms of patients, and will provide a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the treatment of IVDD with traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yongliang Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weiye Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Silong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
- Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
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Ohnishi H, Zhang Z, Yurube T, Takeoka Y, Kanda Y, Tsujimoto R, Miyazaki K, Matsuo T, Ryu M, Kumagai N, Kuroshima K, Hiranaka Y, Kuroda R, Kakutani K. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Adiponectin Receptor Agonist AdipoRon against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108566. [PMID: 37239908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, has anti-inflammatory effects and is involved in various physiological and pathological processes such as obesity, inflammatory diseases, and cartilage diseases. However, the function of adiponectin in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is not well understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of AdipoRon, an agonist of adiponectin receptor, on human IVD nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, using a three-dimensional in vitro culturing system. This study also aimed to elucidate the effects of AdipoRon on rat tail IVD tissues using an in vivo puncture-induced IVD degeneration model. Analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated the downregulation of gene expression of proinflammatory and catabolic factors by interleukin (IL)-1β (10 ng/mL) in human IVD NP cells treated with AdipoRon (2 μM). Furthermore, western blotting showed AdipoRon-induced suppression of p65 phosphorylation (p < 0.01) under IL-1β stimulation in the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Intradiscal administration of AdipoRon was effective in alleviating the radiologic height loss induced by annular puncture of rat tail IVD, histomorphological degeneration, production of extracellular matrix catabolic factors, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, AdipoRon could be a new therapeutic candidate for alleviating the early stage of IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ohnishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Zhongying Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Yurube
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Takeoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kanda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryu Tsujimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoya Matsuo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masao Ryu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kumagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kohei Kuroshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hiranaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kakutani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Wu XT, Wan BW, Feng XM, Tao YP, Wang YX, Sun HH. Nucleus Pulposus Cells Induce M2 Polarization of RAW264.7 via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Pathway and M2 Macrophages Promote Proliferation and Anabolism of Nucleus Pulposus Cells. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:6400162. [PMID: 37274023 PMCID: PMC10234370 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6400162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms underlying M2 macrophage polarization induced by nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are unclear. The effects that M2-polarized macrophages have on NP cells are also controversial. Methods Transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect the gene change profiles between NP cells from ruptured intervertebral disc (IVD) and normal IVD. The main difference on biological activities between the two cell groups were analyzed by GO analysis and KEGG analysis. Virus transduction, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, western blot, CCK-8, TUNEL staining, and AO/EB staining were performed to explore the interactions between NP cells and RAW264.7 macrophages. Statistics were performed using SPSS26. Results 801 upregulated and 276 downregulated genes were identified in NP cells from ruptured IVD in mouse models. According to GO and KEGG analysis, we found that the differentially expressed genes (DEG) were dominantly enriched in inflammatory response, extracellular matrix degradation, blood vessel morphogenesis, immune effector process, ossification, chemokine signaling pathway, macrophage activation, etc. CX3CL1 was one of the top 20% DEG, and we confirmed that both NP tissue and cells expressed remarkably higher level of CX3CL1 in mouse models (p < 0.001∗). Besides, we further revealed that both the recombinant CX3CL1 and NP cells remarkably induced M2 polarization of RAW264.7 (p < 0.001∗), respectively, while this effect was significantly reversed by si-CX3CL1 or JMS-17-2 (p < 0.001∗). Furthermore, we found that M2 macrophages significantly decreased the apoptosis rate (p < 0.001∗) and the catabolic gene levels (p < 0.001∗) of NP cells, while increased the viability, proliferation as well as the anabolic gene levels of NP cells (p < 0.01∗). Conclusions Via regulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 pathway, NP cells can induce the M2 macrophage polarization. M2 polarized macrophages can further promote NP cell viability, proliferation, and anabolism, while inhibit NP cell apoptosis and catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao Wu
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Spine Department, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo-Wen Wan
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xin-Min Feng
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tao
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wang
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Spine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
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Nimbolide targeting SIRT1 mitigates intervertebral disc degeneration by reprogramming cholesterol metabolism and inhibiting inflammatory signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2269-2280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
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Xia Y, Wang H, Yang R, Hou Y, Li Y, Zhu J, Fu C. Biomaterials delivery strategies to repair degenerated intervertebral discs by regulating the inflammatory microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1051606. [PMID: 36756124 PMCID: PMC9900107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1051606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the leading causes of lower back pain. Although IVDD cannot directly cause death, it can cause pain, psychological burdens, and economic burdens to patients. Current conservative treatments for IVDD can relieve pain but cannot reverse the disease. Patients who cannot tolerate pain usually resort to a strategy of surgical resection of the degenerated disc. However, the surgical removal of IVDD can affect the stability of adjacent discs. Furthermore, the probability of the reherniation of the intervertebral disc (IVD) after surgery is as high as 21.2%. Strategies based on tissue engineering to deliver stem cells for the regeneration of nucleus purposes (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) have been extensively studied. The developed biomaterials not only locally withstand the pressure of the IVD but also lay the foundation for the survival of stem cells. However, the structure of IVDs does not provide sufficient nutrients for delivered stem cells. The role of immune mechanisms in IVDD has recently become clear. In IVDD, the IVD that was originally in immune privilege prevents the attack of immune cells (mainly effector T cells and macrophages) and aggravates the disease. Immune regulatory and inflammatory factors released by effector T cells, macrophages, and the IVD further aggravate IVDD. Reversing IVDD by regulating the inflammatory microenvironment is a potential approach for the treatment of the disease. However, the biological factors modulating the inflammatory microenvironment easily degrade in vivo. It makes it possible for different biomaterials to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment to repair IVDD. In this review, we have discussed the structures of IVDs and the immune mechanisms underlying IVDD. We have described the immune mechanisms elicited by different biological factors, including tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, transforming growth factors, hypoxia-inducible factors, and reactive oxygen species in IVDs. Finally, we have discussed the biomaterials used to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment to repair IVDD and their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Xia
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruohan Yang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulin Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianshu Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changfeng Fu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Changfeng Fu,
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Li Z, Yang H, Hai Y, Cheng Y. Regulatory Effect of Inflammatory Mediators in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:6210885. [PMID: 37101594 PMCID: PMC10125773 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6210885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major contributor to back, neck, and radicular pain. It is related to changes in tissue structure and function, including the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM), aging, apoptosis of the nucleus pulposus, and biomechanical tissue impairment. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that inflammatory mediators play a crucial role in IDD, and they are being explored as potential treatment targets for IDD and associated disorders. For example, interleukins (IL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokines, and inflammasomes have all been linked to the pathophysiology of IDD. These inflammatory mediators are found in high concentrations in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues and cells and are associated with the severity of LBP and IDD. It is feasible to reduce the production of these proinflammatory mediators and develop a novel therapy for IDD, which will be a hotspot of future research. In this review, the effects of inflammatory mediators in IDD were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yong Hai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yunzhong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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33
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Mohd Isa IL, Teoh SL, Mohd Nor NH, Mokhtar SA. Discogenic Low Back Pain: Anatomy, Pathophysiology and Treatments of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:208. [PMID: 36613651 PMCID: PMC9820240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major contributing factor for discogenic low back pain (LBP), causing a significant global disability. The IVD consists of an inner core proteoglycan-rich nucleus pulposus (NP) and outer lamellae collagen-rich annulus fibrosus (AF) and is confined by a cartilage end plate (CEP), providing structural support and shock absorption against mechanical loads. Changes to degenerative cascades in the IVD cause dysfunction and instability in the lumbar spine. Various treatments include pharmacological, rehabilitation or surgical interventions that aim to relieve pain; however, these modalities do not halt the pathologic events of disc degeneration or promote tissue regeneration. Loss of stem and progenitor markers, imbalance of the extracellular matrix (ECM), increase of inflammation, sensory hyperinnervation and vascularization, and associated signaling pathways have been identified as the onset and progression of disc degeneration. To better understand the pain originating from IVD, our review focuses on the anatomy of IVD and the pathophysiology of disc degeneration that contribute to the development of discogenic pain. We highlight the key mechanisms and associated signaling pathways underlying disc degeneration causing discogenic back pain, current clinical treatments, clinical perspective and directions of future therapies. Our review comprehensively provides a better understanding of healthy IVD and degenerative events of the IVD associated with discogenic pain, which helps to model painful disc degeneration as a therapeutic platform and to identify signaling pathways as therapeutic targets for the future treatment of discogenic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isma Liza Mohd Isa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, H91W2TY Galway, Ireland
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda Mohd Nor
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Sabarul Afian Mokhtar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Zhao J, Ye X, Zhang Z. Syndecan-4 is correlated with disease activity and serological characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Rheumatol 2022; 62:21. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-022-00254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To describe the feature of expression of syndecan-4 in serum, synovial fluid (SF) and synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to analyze the correlation of syndecan-4 with disease activity and serological characteristic of RA.
Methods
Syndecan-4 in sera of 60 RA patients, 20 osteoarthritis (OA) patients, 20 healthy controls, and in SF of 25 RA patients and 25 OA patients were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. The expressions of syndecan-4 in synovium of RA and OA patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of syndecan-4 on synovial fibroblasts from RA and OA patients were detected by immunofluorescence. The correlation between serum syndecan-4 concentration and disease activity were analyzed in RA patients.
Results
The serum syndedcan-4 concentration was significantly higher in RA patients than in OA patients and healthy controls, and was higher in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in SF of RA patients was comparable with OA patients. Syndecan-4 expression in synovial tissue was similar between RA and OA patients. The syndecan-4 concentration was significantly lower in SF than in serum of RA and OA patients. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.
Conclusion
The serum syndecan-4 concentration was higher in RA patients than in OA patients, and significantly higher in RF-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.
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Li X, Shen X, Wang Z, Jiang H, Ma Z, Yu P, Yu Z, Qian X, Liu J. Gene expression profiling in nucleus pulposus of human ruptured lumbar disc herniation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:892594. [PMID: 36506585 PMCID: PMC9732013 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.892594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the differences in gene expression between ruptured and non-ruptured nucleus pulposus tissues of the intervertebral discs using gene chip technology. Methods: A total of 8 patients with nucleus pulposus from a lumbar disc herniation (LDH) undergoing discectomy in our hospital were selected, including 4 ruptured and 4 non-ruptured herniated nucleus pulposus cases. Total RNA was extracted from cells by using TRIzol reagent. Nucleus pulposus cDNA probes of the two groups were obtained by the single marker method and hybridized with a human gene expression profiling chip (Agilent). The fluorescence signal images were scanned by a laser, and the obtained genes were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results: There were 75 differentially expressed genes with more than 2-fold-changes, of which 56 were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated. The differential expression of THSD7A, which was up-regulated 18 times, was the most significant, followed by CCL5, AQP3 and SDC4. Conclusion: THSD7A can be used as a characteristic differentially expressed gene in human ruptured nucleus pulposus. Moreover, CCL5, AQP3 and SDC4 may improve the chemotaxis of stem cell migration for self-healing of damaged disc tissue, increase water uptake by nucleus accumbens cells, and inhibit the inflammatory response, thus delaying the process of intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Li
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueqiang Shen
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijia Ma
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhan Yu
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Qian
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintao Liu
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China,Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Jintao Liu,
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Cholesterol-induced LRP3 downregulation promotes cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis by targeting Syndecan-4. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7139. [PMID: 36414669 PMCID: PMC9681739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that osteoarthritis is associated with high cholesterol levels in some osteoarthritis patients. However, the specific mechanism under this metabolic osteoarthritis phenotype remains unclear. We find that cholesterol metabolism-related gene, LRP3 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3) is significantly reduced in high-cholesterol diet mouse's cartilage. By using Lrp3-/- mice in vivo and LRP3 lentiviral-transduced chondrocytes in vitro, we identify that LRP3 positively regulate chondrocyte extracellular matrix metabolism, and its deficiency aggravate the degeneration of cartilage. Regardless of diet, LRP3 overexpression in cartilage attenuate anterior cruciate ligament transection induced osteoarthritis progression in rats and Lrp3 knockout-induced osteoarthritis progression in mice. LRP3 knockdown upregulate syndecan-4 by activating the Ras signaling pathway. We identify syndecan-4 as a downstream molecular target of LRP3 in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. These findings suggest that cholesterol-LRP3- syndecan-4 axis plays critical roles in osteoarthritis development, and LRP3 gene therapy may provide a therapeutic regimen for osteoarthritis treatment.
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37
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Liu Z, Fu C. Application of single and cooperative different delivery systems for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1058251. [PMID: 36452213 PMCID: PMC9702580 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1058251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is the most universal pathogenesis of low back pain (LBP), a prevalent and costly medical problem across the world. Persistent low back pain can seriously affect a patient's quality of life and even lead to disability. Furthermore, the corresponding medical expenses create a serious economic burden to both individuals and society. Intervertebral disc degeneration is commonly thought to be related to age, injury, obesity, genetic susceptibility, and other risk factors. Nonetheless, its specific pathological process has not been completely elucidated; the current mainstream view considers that this condition arises from the interaction of multiple mechanisms. With the development of medical concepts and technology, clinicians and scientists tend to intervene in the early or middle stages of intervertebral disc degeneration to avoid further aggravation. However, with the aid of modern delivery systems, it is now possible to intervene in the process of intervertebral disc at the cellular and molecular levels. This review aims to provide an overview of the main mechanisms associated with intervertebral disc degeneration and the delivery systems that can help us to improve the efficacy of intervertebral disc degeneration treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtai Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Changfeng Fu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Risk Factors in the Prediction of Leg Numbness after Spinal Endoscopic Surgery: Evaluation and Development of a Nomogram. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9502749. [PMID: 36398068 PMCID: PMC9666014 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9502749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aims at constructing a clinical predictive model that predicted the risk factors for leg numbness after spinal endoscopic surgery. Methods We collected the clinical data of patients, including general information, imaging parameters, and clinical score, from our hospital's electronic database. Based on the postoperative leg numbness visual analog scale (LN-VAS), the clinical data were divided into the leg numbness group (≥25) and the improvement group (<25). All parameters were included in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, while the parameters with the area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.7 were selected to construct nomograms. Furthermore, the accuracy and validity of the model were evaluated using the C-index, decision curve analysis (DCA), calibration curve, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results A total of 73 patients' clinical data were included in the training set, where 51 patients were assigned to the improvement group and 22 to the leg numbness group. The nomogram was constructed using four selected parameters, including symptom duration, lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), pelvic incidence (PI), and preoperative low back pain visual analog scale (LBP-VAS). The nomogram predictions were found to range between 0.01 and 0.99. The values of the C-index, AUC, and internally validated C-index were 0.96, 0.96, and 0.94, respectively. Our result showed that the clinical net benefit of the nomogram ranged between 0.01 and 0.99. Conclusion Our clinical prediction model demonstrated high predictive ability and clinical validity. Moreover, we found that symptom duration, LSS, PI, and preoperative LBP-VAS were the predictive risk factors for leg numbness after spinal endoscopic surgery.
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He S, Zhou X, Yang G, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Shao X, Liang T, Lv N, Chen J, Qian Z. Proteomic comparison between physiological degeneration and needle puncture model of disc generation disease. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2022; 31:2920-2934. [PMID: 35842490 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The completeness of the intervertebral disc proteome is fundamental to the integrity and functionality of the intervertebral disc. METHODS The 20 experimental rats were placed into two groups randomly, normal group (NG) and acupuncture pathological degeneration group-2 weeks (APDG-2w). The ten 24-month-old rats were grouped into physiological degeneration group (PDG). Magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray examination, histological staining (hematoxylin & eosin, safranin-O cartilage, and alcian blue staining), and immunohistochemical examination were carried out for assessing the degree of disc degradation. Intervertebral disc was collected, and protein composition was determined by LC- MS, followed by bioinformatic analysis including significance analysis, subcellular localization prediction, protein domain prediction, GO function and KEGG pathway analysis, and protein interaction network construction. LC-PRM was done for protein quantification. RESULTS Physiological degeneration and especially needle puncture decreased T2 signal intensity and intervertebral disc height. Results from hematoxylin & eosin, safranin-O, and alcian blue staining revealed that the annulus fibrosus apparently showed the wavy and collapsed fibrocartilage lamellas in APDG-2w and PDG groups. The contents of the nucleus pulposus were decreased in physiological degeneration group and APDG-2w group compared with NG. Results from immunohistochemical analysis suggested the degeneration of intervertebral disc and inflammation in APDG-2w and PDG groups. The protein composition and expression between needle puncture rat models and the physiological degeneration group showed significant difference. CONCLUSIONS Our studies produced point-reference datasets of normal rats, physiological degeneration rats, and needle puncture rat models, which is beneficial to subsequent pathological studies. There is differential expression of protein expression in degenerative discs with aging and acupuncture, which may be used as a potential discriminating index for different intervertebral degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjun He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Xinmin Road 2, Danyang, Zhenjiang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guotao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Xinmin Road 2, Danyang, Zhenjiang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangzhe Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 41 Hailian Street, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Xinmin Road 2, Danyang, Zhenjiang, 212300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhonglai Qian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Shi X, Jie L, Wu P, Zhang N, Mao J, Wang P, Yin S. Calycosin mitigates chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115536. [PMID: 35843413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SG-Tang), originated from the Treatise on Febrile Diseases, is often used to treat OA pain symptoms. Whereas its efficacy has been verified by several clinical studies, the underlying mechanism remained unclear. Network pharmacology and UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis found that calycosin could be regarded as the active components of SG-Tang in treating OA. However, the effect of calycosin on cartilage destruction and the pathogenesis of OA are not known. Therefore, we evaluated the benefits of calycosin for OA and revealed the underlying mechanisms. AIM OF STUDY Using network pharmacology, UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis and experiments, the active components of SG-Tang were analyzed to explore their potential therapeutic mechanism in OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components of SG-Tang were detected by UPLC-QTOF-MS, and the possible active components and mechanism of SG-Tang in the treatment of OA were screened by network pharmacology. The OA mouse model was constructed by DMM. In total, 30 mice were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, DMM, and DMM + Calycosin. H&E, safranin O/fast green staining and the OARSI scores were used to evaluate joint injury in mice. In addition, OA models were established using chondrocytes treated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β. Treatment groups were treated with 100, 200 or 400 μM calycosin. CCK-8 assay was used for assessing the cytotoxic effects of calycosin. TUNEL staining and Western blotting were used to detect chondrocyte apoptosis. In addition, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathway-related markers and cartilage matrix-related indicators were also detected. RESULTS In vivo studies showed that calycosin inhibited IL-1β-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression. Meanwhile, calycosin could inhibit IL-1β-induced degradation of cartilage matrix, including downregulation of MMP3, MMP-13, collagen II and aggrecan. NF-κB and PI3K/AKT were also inhibited by calycosin in OA chondrocytes. Furthermore, calycosin inhibited IL-1β-induced apoptosis in mouse chondrocytes. In a mouse model of OA, our results suggest that calycosin has a chondroprotective effect. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, calycosin may act as a protective agent against OA by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, this study suggested that calycosin is a potential candidate for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lishi Jie
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nongshan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Songjiang Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Ge Y, Chen Y, Guo C, Luo H, Fu F, Ji W, Wu C, Ruan H. Pyroptosis and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Implications. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5857-5871. [PMID: 36263145 PMCID: PMC9575467 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s382069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem worldwide, resulting in great patient suffering and great challenges for the social health system. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is widely acknowledged as one of the key causes of LBP. Accumulating evidence suggests that aberrant pyroptosis of IVD cells is involved in the pathogenesis of IVDD progression, however, the comprehensive roles of pyroptosis in IVDD have not been fully established, leaving attempts to treat IVDD with anti-pyroptosis approaches questionable. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of pyroptosis and emphasize the effects of IVD cell pyroptosis on the pathological progression of IVDD, including secretion of cytokines, nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and autophagy, accelerated extracellular matrix degradation, annulus fibrosus rupture, cartilage endplate calcification, vascularization, sensory and sympathetic fiber neoinnervation, and infiltrating lymphatic vessels. Finally, we discuss several interventions used to treat IVDD by targeting pyroptosis. This review provides novel insights into the crucial role of IVD cell pyroptosis in IVDD pathogenesis, and could be informative for developing novel therapeutic approaches for IVDD and LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Ge
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chijiao Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangda Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Ji
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengliang Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Chengliang Wu, Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China,Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Hongfeng Ruan, Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Polydatin inhibits IL-1β-mediated chondrocyte inflammation and ameliorates cartilage degradation: Involvement of the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cui S, Li W, Teixeira GQ, Neidlinger‐Wilke C, Wilke H, Haglund L, Ouyang H, Richards RG, Grad S, Alini M, Li Z. Neoepitope fragments as biomarkers for different phenotypes of intervertebral disc degeneration. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1215. [PMID: 36203866 PMCID: PMC9520770 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration process, initial degenerative events occur at the extracellular matrix level, with the appearance of neoepitope peptides formed by the cleavage of aggrecan and collagen. This study aims to elucidate the spatial and temporal alterations of aggrecan and collagen neoepitope level during IVD degeneration. Methods Bovine caudal IVDs were cultured under four different conditions to mimic different degenerative situations. Samples cultured after 1- or 8-days were collected for analysis. Human IVD samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). After immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of Aggrecanase Cleaved C-terminus Aggrecan Neoepitope (NB100), MMP Cleaved C-terminus Aggrecan Neoepitope (MMPCC), Collagen Type 1α1 1/4 fragment (C1α1) and Collagenase Cleaved Type I and II Collagen Neoepitope (C1,2C), staining optical density (OD)/area in extracellular matrix (OECM) and pericellular zone (OPCZ) were analyzed. Conditioned media of the bovine IVD was collected to measure protein level of inflammatory cytokines and C1,2C. Results For the bovine IVD sections, the aggrecan MMPCC neoepitope was accumulated in nucleus pulposus (NP) and cartilage endplate (EP) regions following mechanical overload in the one strike model after long-term culture; as for the TNF-α induced degeneration, the OECM and OPCZ of collagen C1,2C neoepitope was significantly increased in the outer AF region after long-term culture; moreover, the C1,2C was only detected in conditioned medium from TNF-α injection + Degenerative loading group after 8 days of culture. LDH patients showed higher MMPCC OECM in NP and higher C1,2C OECM in AF region compared with AIS patients. Conclusions In summary, aggrecan and collagen neoepitope profiles showed degeneration induction trigger- and region-specific differences in the IVD organ culture models. Different IVD degeneration types are correlated with specific neoepitope expression profiles. These neoepitopes may be helpful as biomarkers of ECM degradation in early IVD degeneration and indicators of different degeneration phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangbin Cui
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenyue Li
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Zhejiang University‐University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU‐UoE Institute)Zhejiang UniversityHainingChina
| | - Graciosa Q. Teixeira
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm (ZTF Ulm)Ulm UniversityUlmGermany
| | - Cornelia Neidlinger‐Wilke
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm (ZTF Ulm)Ulm UniversityUlmGermany
| | - Hans‐Joachim Wilke
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre for Trauma Research Ulm (ZTF Ulm)Ulm UniversityUlmGermany
| | - Lisbet Haglund
- Department of Surgery and Shriners Hospital for ChildrenMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Zhejiang University‐University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU‐UoE Institute)Zhejiang UniversityHainingChina
| | - R. Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | | | | | - Zhen Li
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
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Zhang K, Gao L, Wang HX, Ye L, Shi YY, Yang WY, Li YN, Li Y. Interleukin-18 Inhibition Protects Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via the Inactivation of Caspase-3/9 Dependent Apoptotic Pathways. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1895-1907. [PMID: 35921125 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2077113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to identify and understand the potential effectiveness of therapeutic target in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and its regulation mechanism. METHODS The role and mechanism of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the disease were investigated. The IVDD degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues from the human and mouse models were used.A total of three groups of Male BALB/c mice were randomly made i.e control, IVDD, and IVDD+Ad-shIL-18 groups. After Ad-shIL-18 transfection, the expression of ECM synthesis related protein Aggrecan (ACAN) and Collagen II, apoptotic effector Caspases (Caspase-3, 8, 9, 12 and Cleaved-Caspase 3, 8, 9, 12), pro-apoptotic gene Bax and anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 in NP cells of the human were evaluated. RESULTS The results of our study revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-18 were notably increased in the NP tissues of IVDD patients and mice models. In the IVDD mice model, Ad-sh-IL-18 treatment reversed the IVDD progression. The levels of Aggrecan and Collagen II, contributing to ECM degradation in NP cells, were also significantly increased. Additionally, Ad-sh-IL-18 could inhibit the NP cell's apoptosis via regulating the caspase-3/9 pathway. CONCLUSION The IL-18 knockdown via the caspase-3/9 pathway, might reduce the NP cell's death as well as the imbalance between catabolism and anabolism of ECM in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Bone Oncology, Second Hospital of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Hai-Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Infection Control, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Yan Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Wu-Yan Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Department of Neurology, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
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Ou X, Wen T, Ying J, He Q, Xuan A, Ruan D. MCP‑1/CCR2 axis inhibits the chondrogenic differentiation of human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:277. [PMID: 35856417 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Ou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyong Wen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jinwei Ying
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Anwu Xuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Dike Ruan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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Swamy G, Salo P, Duncan N, Jirik F, Matyas J. IL-1Ra deficiency accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration in C57BL6J mice. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1201. [PMID: 35783913 PMCID: PMC9238285 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and its antagonist and Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are correlated with greater human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, suggesting that elevated IL-1β activity promotes disc degeneration. Many in vitro studies support such a mechanistic relationship, whereas few in vivo investigations have been reported. The present study tests the effect of increased IL-1β activity on intervertebral disc in mice with an IL-1Ra gene deletion. IL-1Ra-/- mice and wild-type (WT) C57Bl6J mice were examined at 3 and 12 months of age. Caudal IVD segments were evaluated for disc degeneration by histopathology, functional testing, and inflammatory gene expression relevant to IL-1β pathways. To test differences in injury response, pinprick annular puncture was performed on IL-1Ra-/- and WT mice and evaluated similarly. IL-1Ra-/- IVDs had significantly worse histopathology at 3 months compared to WT controls, but not at 12 months. IL-1Ra-/- IVDs exhibited significantly more viscous mechanical properties than WT IVDs. qPCR revealed downregulation of inflammatory genes at 3 and 12 months in IL-1Ra-/- IVDs, with concomitant downregulation of anabolic and catabolic genes. Annular puncture yielded no appreciable differences between 2-week and 6-week post-injured WT and IL1-Ra-/- IVDs in histopathology or biomechanics, but inflammatory gene expression was sharply downregulated in IL-1Ra-/- mice at 2 weeks, returning by 6 weeks post injury. In the present study, IL-1Ra deletion resulted in increased IVD histopathology, inferior biomechanics, and transiently decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. The histopathology of IL-1Ra-/- IVDs on a C57BL/6J background is less severe than a previous report of IL1Ra-/- on a BALB/c background, yet both strains exhibit IVD degeneration, reinforcing a mechanistic role of IL-1β signaling in IVD pathobiology. Despite a pro-inflammatory environment, the annular puncture was no worse in IL-1Ra-/- mice, suggesting that response to injury involves pathways other than inflammation. Overall, this study supports the hypothesis that IL-1β-driven inflammation is important in IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Swamy
- Cumming School of MedicineMcCaig Institute of Bone and Joint Health University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Paul Salo
- Department of SurgeryCumming School of MedicineCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Neil Duncan
- Department of Civil EngineeringSchulich School of EngineeringCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Frank Jirik
- Department of MedicineHealth Research Innovation CentreCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - John Matyas
- Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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He F, Ma Y, Li S, Ren H, Liu Q, Chen X, Miao H, Ye T, Lu Q, Yang Z, Li T, Tong X, Yang H, Zhang M, Wang H, Wang Y, Yu S. Necroptotic TNFα-Syndecan 4-TNFα Vicious Cycle as a Therapeutic Target for Preventing Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1044-1055. [PMID: 35278225 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a chronic degenerative disease for which the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. Compared with apoptosis and autophagy, necroptosis causes greater harm to tissue homeostasis by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, the role of necroptosis and downstream key DAMPs in TMJOA is unknown. Here, rodent models of TMJOA were established by the unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry of receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)/phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL) were conducted to evaluate the occurrence of necroptosis in vivo. The therapeutic effects of blocking necroptosis were achieved by intra-articularly injecting RIPK3 or MLKL inhibitors and using RIPK3 or MLKL knockout mice. In vitro necroptosis of condylar chondrocyte was induced by combination of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics and carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]- fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk). The possible DAMPs released by necroptotic chondrocytes were screened by quantitative proteomics and blocked by specific antibody. Translucent cytosol, swollen organelles, and ruptured cell membranes, features of necroptosis, were frequently manifested in chondrocytes at the early stage of condylar cartilage degeneration in TMJOA, which was accompanied by upregulation of RIPK3/pMLKL. Inhibiting or knocking out RIPK3/MLKL significantly prevented cartilage degeneration. DAMPs released by necroptotic condylar chondrocytes, such as syndecan 4 (SDC4) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), were verified. Furthermore, blocking the function of SDC4 significantly attenuated the expression of TNFα in cartilage and synovium, and accordingly increased cartilage thickness and reduced synovial inflammation. Thus, the necroptotic vicious cycle of TNFα-SDC4-TNFα contributes to cartilage degeneration and synovitis, and can serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating TMJOA. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuanjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haozhe Ren
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Hui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Central Sterile Supply, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Zuge Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Tianle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Helin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Medical Rehabilitation, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Shibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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48
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Herger N, Bermudez-Lekerika P, Farshad M, Albers CE, Distler O, Gantenbein B, Dudli S. Should Degenerated Intervertebral Discs of Patients with Modic Type 1 Changes Be Treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052721. [PMID: 35269863 PMCID: PMC8910866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) has been among the leading causes of disability for the past 30 years. This highlights the need for improvement in LBP management. Many clinical trials focus on developing treatments against degenerative disc disease (DDD). The multifactorial etiology of DDD and associated risk factors lead to a heterogeneous patient population. It comes as no surprise that the outcomes of clinical trials on intradiscal mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injections for patients with DDD are inconsistent. Intradiscal MSC injections have demonstrated substantial pain relief and significant disability-related improvements, yet they have failed to regenerate the intervertebral disc (IVD). Increasing evidence suggests that the positive outcomes in clinical trials might be attributed to the immunomodulatory potential of MSCs rather than to their regenerative properties. Therefore, patient stratification for inflammatory DDD phenotypes may (i) better serve the mechanisms of action of MSCs and (ii) increase the treatment effect. Modic type 1 changes—pathologic inflammatory, fibrotic changes in the vertebral bone marrow—are frequently observed adjacent to degenerated IVDs in chronic LBP patients and represent a clinically distinct subpopulation of patients with DDD. This review discusses whether degenerated IVDs of patients with Modic type 1 changes should be treated with an intradiscal MSC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Herger
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (N.H.); (O.D.)
| | - Paola Bermudez-Lekerika
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (P.B.-L.); (B.G.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Mazda Farshad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Christoph E. Albers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (N.H.); (O.D.)
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone & Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland; (P.B.-L.); (B.G.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Stefan Dudli
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (N.H.); (O.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-4451-07511
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49
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The Roles of circRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Metabolism, and Apoptosis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:9550499. [PMID: 35186669 PMCID: PMC8856834 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9550499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is seriously harmful to human health and produces heavy economic burden. And most scholars hold that intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. With the study of IDD, aberrant expression of gene has become an important pathogenic factor of IDD. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a kind of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), participate in the regulation of genetic transcription and translation and further affect the expression of inflammatory cytokine, metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM), the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, etc. Therefore, maybe it will become a new therapeutic target for IDD. At present, our understanding of the mechanism of circRNAs in IDD is limited. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanism and related signaling pathways of circRNAs in IDD reported in the past. Particularly, the roles of circRNAs in inflammation, ECM metabolism, and apoptosis are emphasized.
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50
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The Proteolysis of ECM in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031715. [PMID: 35163637 PMCID: PMC8835917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a pathological process that commonly occurs throughout the human life span and is a major cause of lower back pain. Better elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in disc degeneration could provide a theoretical basis for the development of lumbar disc intervention strategies. In recent years, extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis has received much attention due to its relevance to the mechanical properties of IVDs. ECM proteolysis mediated by a variety of proteases is involved in the pathological process of disc degeneration. Here, we discuss in detail the relationship between the IVD as well as the ECM and the role of ECM proteolysis in the degenerative process of the IVD. Targeting ECM proteolysis-associated proteases may be an effective means of intervention in IDD.
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