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Xia Y, Luo Q, Gao Q, Huang C, Chen P, Zou Y, Chen X, Liu W, Chen Z. SIRT1 activation ameliorates rhesus monkey liver fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/smad signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110979. [PMID: 38555046 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of liver fibrosis. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent enzyme and responsible for deacetylating the proteins. Increasing numbers of reports have shown that the molecular mechanism of SIRT1 as an effective therapeutic target for liver fibrosis but the transformation is not very clear. In the present study, liver fibrotic tissues were screened by staining with Masson, hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for histopathological observation from the liver biopsy of seventy-seven rhesus monkey, which fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) after treatment with high-fat diet (HFD) for two years. And the liver function was further determined by serum biochemical tests. The mRNA levels and protein expression of rat hepatic stellate (HSC-T6) cells were determined after treatment with Resveratrol (RSV) and Nicotinamide (NAM), respectively. The results showed that with the increasing of hepatic fibrosis in rhesus monkeys, the liver function impaired, and the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), p-Smad3 (p-Smad3) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was up-regulated, while SIRT1 and Smad7 were down-regulated. Moreover, when stimulated the HSC-T6 with RSV to activate SIRT1 for 6, 12, and 24 h, the results showed that RSV promoted the expression of smad7, while the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad3 and α-SMA were inhibited. In contrast, when the cells stimulated with NAM to inhibit SIRT1 for 6, 12, and 24 h, the Smad7 expression was decreased, while TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and α-SMA expressions were increased. These results indicate that SIRT1 acts as an important protective factor for liver fibrosis, which may be attributed to inhibiting the signaling pathway of TGF-β/Smad in hepatic fibrosis of the rhesus monkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Healthy Breeding Engineering Technology, Research Centre, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Primed Bio-Tech Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yao Zou
- Wanzhou District Livestock Industry Development Center, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Xiwen Chen
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control and Healthy Breeding Engineering Technology, Research Centre, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Primed Bio-Tech Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Li Y, Zhao L, Li S, Ruan D, Xiong L, Tang J, Hu M, Wang Y, Huang W, Li L, Zhao Z. Skin-derived precursor conditioned medium alleviated photoaging via early activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway by thrombospondin1: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Photochem Photobiol B 2024; 253:112873. [PMID: 38412778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Photoaging is one major exogenous factor of skin aging. Efficacy and safety of current anti-photoaging therapies remained to be improved. Our previous studies indicated that skin-derived precursors (SKPs) alleviated photodamage by early activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway via thrombospondin1 (TSP1). However, the research concerning SKP conditioned medium (SKP-CM) has never been reported. In the current study, we aimed to explore the anti-photoaging effects of SKP-CM both in vitro and in vivo, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms. Mouse SKP-CM (mSKP-CM) collection was optimized by a comparative method. The concentration of protein and growth factors in mSKP-CM was detected using BCA protein assay kit and growth factor protein chip. The anti-photoaging effects of mSKP-CM and its regulation of key factors in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway were explored using UVA + UVB photoaged mouse fibroblasts (mFBs) and nude mice dorsal skin. The research revealed that mSKP-CM contained significantly higher-concentration of protein and growth factors than mouse mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (mDMSC-CM). mSKP-CM alleviated mFBs photoaging by restoring cell viability and relieving senescence and death. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and western blot results implied the potential mechanisms were associated with the early activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway by TSP1. In vivo experiments demonstrated that compared with the topical intradermal mDMSC-CM injection and retinoic acid cream application, the photodamaged mice dorsal skin intradermally injected with mSKP-CM showed significantly better improvement. Consistent with the in vitro results, both western blot and immunohistochemistry results confirmed that protein expression of TSP1, smad2/3, p-smad2/3, TGF-β1, and collagen I increased, and matrix metalloproteinases decreased. In summary, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that mSKP-CM alleviated photoaging through an early activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway via TSP1. SKP-CM may serve as a novel and promising cell-free therapeutical approach for anti-photoaging treatment and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Danhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Center of Cosmetics Evaluation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Center of Cosmetics Evaluation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Meng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Center of Cosmetics Evaluation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Liu B, Xie X, Yang X, Dou C, Tang H, Liu J. The miR-3074/BMP7 axis regulates TGF-β-caused activation of hepatic stellate cells in vitro and CCl 4-caused murine liver fibrosis in vivo. Hum Cell 2024; 37:435-450. [PMID: 38218754 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Continuously progressive hepatic fibrosis might cause chronic liver diseases, resulting in hepatic failure. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) residing in the liver might induce and influence hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, microRNA 3074 (miR-3074) was found increased within transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-activated HSCs and enriched within the TGF-β signaling. In activated HSCs by TGF-β, miR-3074 overexpression aggravated TGF-β-induced fibrotic changes, whereas miR-3074 inhibition exerted opposite effects. miR-3074 directly targeted bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) and inhibited BMP7 expression. Under TGF-β induction, overexpressed BMP7 notably attenuated the promotive roles of miR-3074 overexpression in TGF-β-activated HSCs. Within carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-caused liver fibrosis murine model, miR-3074 agomir administration promoted, while LV-BMP7 administration alleviated CCl4-induced fibrotic changes; LV-BMP7 significantly attenuated the effects of miR-3074 agomir. Lastly, mmu-miR-3074 also targeted mouse BMP7 and inhibited mouse BMP7 expression. In conclusion, the miR-3074/BMP7 axis regulates TGF-β-caused activation of HSCs in vitro and CCl4-caused murine liver fibrosis in vivo. BMP7-mediated Smad1/5/8 activation might be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xia Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Chengyun Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Haibo Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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Guo X, Qu FX, Zhang JD, Zheng F, Xin Y, Wang R, Li JY, Li HY, Lu CH. Amygdalin and exercise training exert a synergistic effect in improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:360-374. [PMID: 37944128 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of amygdalin (AMY, a cyanogenic glycoside widely distributed in the fruits and seeds of Rosaceae plants) on cardiac performance and ventricular remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). We also investigated whether the combination of AMY with exercise training (ExT) has a beneficial synergistic effect in treating MI rats. MI was induced by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in male SD rats. ExT or AMY treatment was started 1 week after MI and continued for 1 week (short-term) or 8 weeks (long-term). Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters. Heart tissues were harvested and subjected to 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride, Masson's trichrome, hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemical staining. Gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot gave a qualitative assessment of protein levels. AMY or ExT improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size in MI rats. AMY or ExT also suppressed myocardial fibrosis and attenuated inflammation in the infarct border zone of hearts from MI rats, as evidenced by inhibition of collagen deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory markers (interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase 2). Notably, the effects of AMY combined with ExT were superior to those of AMY alone or ExT alone. Mechanistically, these beneficial functions were correlated with the inhibition of MI-induced activation of the transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway. Collectively, AMY and ExT exert a synergistic effect on improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis after MI, and the effects of long-term intervention were better than short-term intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Xia Qu
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa Zheng
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xin
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Li
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ying Li
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hong Lu
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Tang Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Guo H, Chen L, Hu G, Cui Y, Liang S, Zuo J, Luo Z, Chen X, Wang X. OLFM2 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion in colorectal cancer through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:204. [PMID: 38350902 PMCID: PMC10865519 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an aggressive tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, which is a major public health concern worldwide. Despite numerous studies, the precise mechanism of metastasis behind its progression remains elusive. As a member of the containing olfactomedin domains protein family, olfactomedin 2 (OLFM2) may play a role in tumor metastasis. It is highly expressed in colorectal cancer, and its role in the metastasis of CRC is still unclear. As such, this study seeks to explore the function of OLFM2 on CRC metastasis and its potential mechanisms. METHODS Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to study the expression of OLFM2 in human CRC and adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown and overexpression OLFM2 cell lines were constructed using siRNA and overexpression plasmids to explore the role of OLFM2 in the migration and invasion of CRC through transwell, and wound healing experiments. Finally, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -related proteins and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway-related proteins was investigated using western blotting. RESULTS In this study, we observed an elevation of OLFM2 expression levels in CRC tissues. To investigate the function of OLFM2, we overexpressed and knocked down OLFM2. We discovered that OLFM2 knockdown inhibited migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression increased while N-cadherin and Vimentin expression were opposite. It is no surprise that overexpressing OLFM2 had the opposite effects. We also identified that OLFM2 knockdown resulted in reduced TGF-βR1 and downstream molecules p-Smad2 and p-Smad3, which are related to the TGF-β / Smad pathway. In contrast, overexpressing OLFM2 significantly boosted their expression levels. CONCLUSION The protein OLFM2 has been identified as a crucial determinant in the progression of CRC. Its mechanism of action involves the facilitation of EMT through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Given its pivotal role in CRC, OLFM2 has emerged as a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for the disease. These results indicate the potential of OLFM2 as a valuable biomarker for CRC diagnosis and treatment and highlight the need for further research exploring its clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ziyang Yanjiang People's Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Guangbing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yutong Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Shiqi Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ji Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zichen Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xinrui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xianfei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
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Sun Q, Zhang D, Ai Q, Yue Y, Wang H, Tang L, Yi X, Wang S, Zheng Y. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improve uterine incision healing after cesarean delivery in rats by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024:10.1007/s00404-024-07381-w. [PMID: 38342828 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HU-MSCs) have attracted increasing attention because of their pivotal functions in the process of wound healing, the underlying molecular mechanisms have been poorly understood. It has been shown that the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays an important role in the process of scar formation. The present study focused on exploring whether HU-MSCs improve uterine incision healing after cesarean delivery in rats via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN Pregnant rats were randomly assigned to three groups, including the NP group, incision-injected group (HU-MSCs1 group), and tail vein-injected group (HU-MSCs2 group), and 30 days after cesarean section, sampling was carried out to further explore the specific mechanisms from tissue and protein levels. RESULTS HU-MSCs secretion could inhibit the fibrosis of scar tissue. We observed that the TGF-β induced expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad3 was attenuated upon HU-MSCs treatment in scar tissue, while the decrease in TGF-β3 expression was enhanced by HU-MSCs. Furthermore, HU-MSCs treatment accelerated wound healing and attenuated collagen deposition in a damaged uterine rat model, leading to the promoting of uterine incision scarring. In addition, the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) was enhanced by HU-MSCs treatment. CONCLUSION HU-MSCs transplantation promotes rat cesarean section uterine incision scar healing by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qiuying Ai
- Liaoning Zhongtian Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Research Institute, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haijiao Wang
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Le Tang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiling Yi
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, No.87, Danan Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Hu Y, Li L, Tian Y, Xiao Y, Tang J, Zeng S, Zou Z, Shang H. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel UDCA-aminopyrimidine hybrids as ATX inhibitors for the treatment of hepatic and pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116029. [PMID: 38091892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
To discover novel anti-fibrotic agents, a series of UDCA-aminopyrimidine hybrids were designed and synthesized as potent ATX inhibitors by molecular hybridization strategy. The ATX inhibitory activities of all synthesized compounds were evaluated using the LPC choline release assay. The preliminary structure-activity relationship was concluded. Among them, 12a and 12h exhibited the strongest ATX inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 7.62 ± 0.62 and 7.51 ± 0.72 nM respectively, which were 9-fold more effective than the positive control drug GLPG-1690. Molecular docking studies revealed that 12a and 12h occupied the hydrophobic pocket and tunnel of the ATX binding site. The cytotoxicity assay of 12a and 12h revealed that they had no obvious toxicity at concentrations up to 80 μM, therefore their anti-hepatic fibrosis and anti-pulmonary fibrosis activities were further investigated. The results suggested that 12a and 12h significantly decreased the gene and protein expression of α-SMA, COL1A1 and FN in both TGF-β1-induced HSC-LX2 and CCC-HPF-1 cells. In addition, 12a and 12h significantly inhibited cells migration in both TGF-β1-induced HSC-LX2 and CCC-HPF-1 cells. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that 12a and 12h exerted anti-hepatic fibrosis and anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Overall, our findings suggested that 12a and 12h might be two promising anti-fibrotic agents, or might serve as two new lead compounds for the further development of anti-fibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiawei Tang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuoyu Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Zhong H, Dong B, Zhu D, Li H, Lu K, Fu Z, Liu J, Jin Y. Sja-Let-7 Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in a Mouse Model via Col1α2. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1465. [PMID: 38132291 PMCID: PMC10740823 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a chronic progressive disease with no definitive treatment. The aim of this study was to assess helminth-derived molecules as potential therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse LF. A mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced LF was established and sja-let-7 was overexpressed by treatment with a miRNA agomir once per week. After four weeks, serum biochemistry, hepatic hydroxyproline content measurements, liver histology, mRNA expression profiling of fibrotic markers, the dual-luciferase reporter assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed. Administration of the sja-let-7 agomir markedly ameliorated hepatosplenomegaly and reduced the liver hydroxyproline content. Liver histological analysis showed significant reductions in collagen deposition in the sja-let-7 agomir-treated mice. Additionally, the mRNA levels of both pro-fibrotic markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines were diminished after treatment. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay and FISH identified the α2 chain of collagen type 1 (Col1α2) as the direct target of sja-let-7. Accordingly, the progression of LF was attenuated by targeting Col1α2 and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhong
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bowen Dong
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Danlin Zhu
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hao Li
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ke Lu
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fu
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yamei Jin
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; (H.Z.); (B.D.); (D.Z.); (H.L.); (K.L.); (Z.F.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
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9
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Bai Y, Wang L, TingYang, Wang L, Ge W. Silymarin ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:2379-2391. [PMID: 37052642 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the mainstay of treatment for renal failure replacement therapy. Although PD has greatly improved the quality of life of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, long-term PD can lead to ultrafiltration failure, which in turn causes peritoneal fibrosis (PF). Silymarin (SM) is a polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from the milk thistle (Silybum marianum) species that has a variety of pharmacological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-fibrotic pharmacological activities. However, the effect of SM on PF and its potential mechanisms have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of SM on PF in vitro and in vivo as well as elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We established PF mouse models and human pleural mesothelial cell fibrosis in vitro by intraperitoneal injection of high-glucose peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and evaluated the effect of SM on peritoneal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. We found that SM alleviated peritoneal dysfunction. Meanwhile, SM inhibited the expression of fibrotic markers (TGF-β1, collagen I, fibronectin) and restored the expression of E-cadherin, BMP-7 in PF mice and TGF-β1-treated Met-5A cells. Furthermore, SM markedly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 and up-regulated the expression of smad7. In conclusion, these findings suggested that SM may be an efficient and novel therapy for the prevention of PF through inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Bai
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - TingYang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weihong Ge
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
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10
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Wang W. Congenital mandibular coronoid process hyperplasia and associated diseases. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2438-2448. [PMID: 36214115 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coronoid process hyperplasia (CPH) is an oral and maxillofacial surgical disease that can result in restricted jaw movement due to an enlarged and elongated mandibular coronoid process. It is characterized by the painless progressive restriction of unilaterally or bilaterally mouth opening. Clinically, unexplained bilateral CPH is less common and therefore often overlooked or misdiagnosed, and coronoidectomy can be very effective on improving mouth opening. Currently, the exact etiology and mechanism of congenital CPH have not yet been fully understood, but it is generally believed to be genetically related. In this paper, the relationship of the congenital mandibular CPH with the related diseases was examined based on cases collected in our clinic and literature review for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with restricted mouth opening associated with CPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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11
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Gao Y, Li H, Wang P, Wang J, Yao X. SIK1 suppresses colorectal cancer metastasis and chemoresistance via the TGF-β signaling pathway. J Cancer 2023; 14:2455-2467. [PMID: 37670972 PMCID: PMC10475365 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of salt-induced kinase 1 (SIK1), a serine/threonine kinase protein, in colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite the reported association of SIK1 with tumor malignancy suppression in various cancers, limited research has been conducted on its function in CRC. Our findings revealed that SIK1 expression was low in CRC cells. The results of a KEGG pathway analysis showed a strong association between SIK1 and the TGF-β signaling pathway. In addition, a coimmunoprecipitation assay validated the interaction between SIK1 and Smad7. Our data indicate that SIK1 inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2, a critical molecule in the Smad-related TGF-β pathway, and downstream target genes of the TGF-β pathway. Furthermore, SIK1 was found to inhibit indicators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and reverse oxaliplatin resistance in CRC. Additionally, SIK1 reduced cell migration and invasion. Our results suggest that the inhibitory effect of SIK1 on the TGF-β pathway contributes to the suppression of metastasis and oxaliplatin chemoresistance in CRC. However, this effect was reversed by galunisertib (LY2157299). In conclusion, our findings provide novel insights into the role of SIK1 in the regulation of the TGF-β pathway in CRC, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC. Further studies are required to fully characterize the mechanism underlying these observations and to validate these findings in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hongming Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Department of Colorectal surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ping Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Junjiang Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xueqing Yao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, 341000, China
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12
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Chen YX, Jiang XX, Zhang QY, Xu CQ, Hu YM, Jin CY, Zhang BL, Fu YQ, Jin ZS. [Role of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine intervention]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:2630-2638. [PMID: 37282924 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221114.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathological characteristics mainly include epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in glomerulus, podocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and damage of glomerular filtration barrier. Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway is specifically regulated by a variety of mechanisms, and is a classic pathway involved in physiological activities such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. At present, many studies have found that TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease for its multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics, and some traditional Chinese medicine extracts, traditional Chinese medicines and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription improve the renal injury of diabetic kidney disease by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This study clarified the mechanism of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease by expounding the relationship between the key targets of the pathway and diabetic kidney disease, and summarized the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease by interfering with TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in recent years, to provide reference for drug research and clinical treatment of diabetic kidney disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xu Chen
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Jiang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qin-Yuan Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chang-Qing Xu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yao-Mu Hu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cai-Yun Jin
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bo-Ling Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yao-Qin Fu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jin
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou 730000, China
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13
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Li C, Meng X, Wang L, Dai X. Mechanism of action of non-coding RNAs and traditional Chinese medicine in myocardial fibrosis: Focus on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1092148. [PMID: 36843918 PMCID: PMC9947662 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a serious public health problem worldwide that is closely linked to progression of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and adversely affects both the disease process and clinical prognosis. Numerous studies have shown that the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a key role in the progression of cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, targeted inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway may be a therapeutic measure for cardiac fibrosis. Currently, as the investigation on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) move forward, a variety of ncRNAs targeting TGF-β and its downstream Smad proteins have attracted high attention. Besides, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used in treating the cardiac fibrosis. As more and more molecular mechanisms of natural products, herbal formulas, and proprietary Chinese medicines are revealed, TCM has been proven to act on cardiac fibrosis by modulating multiple targets and signaling pathways, especially the TGF-β/Smad. Therefore, this work summarizes the roles of TGF-β/Smad classical and non-classical signaling pathways in the cardiac fibrosis, and discusses the recent research advances in ncRNAs targeting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and TCM against cardiac fibrosis. It is hoped, in this way, to give new insights into the prevention and treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangxiang Meng
- College of Marxism, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Wang
- First College of Clinical Medical, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Dai
- College of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Xia Dai,
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14
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Tang Y, Xu G, Hu B, Zhu Y. HIVEP3 as a potential prognostic factor promotes the development of acute myeloid leukemia. Growth Factors 2023; 41:43-56. [PMID: 36571205 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2158329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignancy worldwide. Human immune deficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein 3 (HIVEP3) was verified to play a vital role in types of cancers. However, the functional role of HIVEP3 in AML was rarely reported. In this study, CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and Trans-well chamber experiments were applied for detecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in AML cells. The expression of proteins related to TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway was determined by western blot. Our data showed that the expression level of HIVEP3 was closely related to the risk classification and prognosis of AML patients. Moreover, HIVEP3 was highly expressed in AML patients and cells. Knockdown of HIVEP3 significantly repressed cell proliferation invasion, and enhanced cell apoptosis in HL-60 and THP-1 cells. In addition, HIVEP3 donwreglation could inhibit the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. TGF-β overexpression could reverse the inhibition effects of HIVEP3 knockdown on AML development and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. These findings indicated that HIVEP3 contributed to the progression of AML via regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and had a prognostic value for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Department of Pathology, Forensci and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
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15
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Hao R, Gao J, Liu H, Zhang C, Huang J, Fan J, Wei J. Preventive Effect and Mechanism of Anthocyanins from Aronia Melanocarpa Elliot on Hepatic Fibrosis Through TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:737-745. [PMID: 36038789 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the effect and mechanism of Aornia mealnocarpa Elliot anthocyanins (AMA) at the cellular level on hepatic fibrosis (HF), molecular docking, RT-PCR and Western Blotting were used to explore the molecular mechanism and the effects of different doses AMA on HSC-T6 cells by TGF-β1 induction. The results showed that the binding energy of anthocyanins on TGF-β1 (PDB ID: 3KFD) was in the range of -9.5 to 8.6 kcal/mol, with good low energy parameters and binding positions. AMA could effectively inhibit the expressions of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum bilirubin (TSB), and improved the expressions of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB). RT-PCR and Western bloting results showed that AMA could inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2, and inhibit the expression of TGF-β1, P-Smad2, α-SMA and Collagen I in TGF-β /Smad signaling pathway. This study revealed the AMA's inhibition effects and mechanism of malignant biological behavior of HSC-T6 cells, in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HF by Aronia melanocarpa Elliot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Hao
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110036, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Liaoning Forestry Academy, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110036, China
| | - Chenjuan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110036, China
| | - Jinpeng Huang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110036, China
| | - Jungang Fan
- Liaoning Forestry Academy, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jie Wei
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110036, China.
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16
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Dou L, Wang W, Wang J, Zhang X, Hu X, Zheng W, Han K, Wang G. miR-3934 regulates the apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory cytokines of basophils via targeting RAGE in asthma. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2022; 18:66. [PMID: 35927714 PMCID: PMC9354354 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-022-00704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Several miRNAs are now known to have clear connections to the pathogenesis of asthma. The present study focused on the potential role of miR-3934 during asthma development. Methods miR-3934 was detected as a down-regulated miRNA in basophils by sequencing analysis. Next, the expression levels of miR-3934 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 50 asthma patients and 50 healthy volunteers were examined by RT-qPCR methods. The basophils were then treated with AGEs and transfected with miR-3934 mimics. The apoptosis levels were examined by flow cytometry assay; and the expression levels of cytokines were detected using the ELISA kits. Finally, the Western blot was performed to examined the expression of key molecules in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Results miR-3934 was down-regulated in the basophils of asthmatic patients. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and IL-33 was enhanced in basophils from asthmatic patients, and this effect was partially reversed by transfection of miR-3934 mimics. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that miR-3934 levels can be used to distinguish asthma patients from healthy individuals. miR-3934 partially inhibited advanced glycation end products-induced increases in basophil apoptosis by suppressing expression of RAGE. Conclusion Our results indicate that miR-3934 acts to mitigate the pathogenesis of asthma by targeting RAGE and suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Dou
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoman Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weili Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaiyu Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Guangyou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China.
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17
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Dai Y, Wang H, Sun R, Diao J, Ma Y, Shao M, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Gao Z, Zeng Z, Zhang L, Sun X. Modified Shenlingbaizhu Decoction represses the pluripotency of colorectal cancer stem cells by inhibiting TGF-β mediated EMT program. Phytomedicine 2022; 103:154234. [PMID: 35689903 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Modified Shenlingbaizhu Decoction (MSD) utilizes various phytomedicines has been applied to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). Colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) have proven to be tightly associated with CRC progression and metastasis. The mechanism of MSD's inhibitory effect on CSCs has not been determined. PURPOSE To figure out how MSD inhibits the pluripotency of CSCs and impedes the EMT program. METHODS The ingredients of MSD extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). BALB/c-nu mice were transplanted into EGFP labeled SW480 CRC cells and the tumor weight and volume were recorded before and after various doses of MSD treatment. The concentration of TGF-β1 was quantified with an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To delineate the logical relationship between EMT and CSCs regulated by MSD, TGF-β/Smad inhibitor and activator were adopted in tumor-bearing mice and diverse CRC cell lines. Cancer stem cell markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. In vitro analysis of cell motility and viability were done using CCK-8, wound healing, and invasion assay. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB) were used for detecting protein expression. The collected results were statistically analyzed with GraphPad Prism 8.0. RESULTS MSD treatment significantly reduced the size of colorectal cancer tumors and lowered the serum content of TGF-β1 in mice. Importantly, MSD markedly reduced the expression of pluripotent factors and depressed CD133+ stem cells in the tumor tissues. The TGF-β/Smad inhibitor neutralized the EMT signaling and lowered the pluripotency by dephosphorylation of SMAD2/3. Similarly, MSD attenuated the pluripotency by limiting TGF-β/Smad signaling-induced EMT in vivo. MSD inhibited colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS MSD inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer. It dampens the pluripotency of CSCs by repressing the TGF-β-induced EMT program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruibo Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianxin Diao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Shao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuowei Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China; Shunde Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528333, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyun Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuegang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China; Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Zou J, Zhou X, Chen X, Ma Y, Yu R. Shenkang Injection for Treating Renal Fibrosis-Metabonomics and Regulation of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Smurfs on TGF-β/Smads Signal Transduction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:849832. [PMID: 35721120 PMCID: PMC9201572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.849832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, TGF-β is the most critical fibrogenic factor known. Smad ubiquitin ligase Smurfs play an important role in the regulation of the TGF-/Smads signaling pathway, which is linked to metabolite changes in renal fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that Shenkang injection can prevent and treat chronic kidney disease through multiple channels of action. However, the precise relationship between Shenkang injection and the regulation of the TGF-/Smads signaling pathway in the treatment of chronic kidney disease is unknown. Here, we evaluated the pharmacological effects of Shenkang injection on ubiquitination and metabolic changes of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in UUO mice using pathology-related indicators, immunoprecipitation, subcellular co-location, and metabonomics analysis. Our findings indicate that Shenkang injection can promote nuclear translocation of Smurf1 and Smurf2 to TGF- membrane receptors TR-I and Smad2 and ubiquitinated degradation of these proteins. Furthermore, the formation of TβR-I/TβR-II, TβR-I/Smad2, and TβR-I/Smad3 complexes was inhibited to negatively regulate the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway induced renal tubular epithelial transdifferentiation (EMT). The EMT process is not very relevant in vivo, although it is clear that TGF-β induces EMT in cultured cells, which has been demonstrated by numerous teams around the world. However, this is not the case with the in vivo models of kidney fibrosis, especially UUO. In addition, Shenkang injection can improve amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junju Zou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Research in TCM Prescriptions and Zheng, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuerong Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Research in TCM Prescriptions and Zheng, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Ding Y, Hou Y, Liu Y, Yu T, Cui Y, Nie H. MiR-130a-3p Alleviates Inflammatory and Fibrotic Phases of Pulmonary Fibrosis Through Proinflammatory Factor TNF-α and Profibrogenic Receptor TGF-βRII. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863646. [PMID: 35431964 PMCID: PMC9006815 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive disease characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition that destroys the normal structure of the lung parenchyma, which is classified into two successive inflammatory and fibrotic phases. To investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic roles of miR-130a-3p in mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF and the underlying mechanism, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis, which demonstrated that BLM increased/decreased the percentage of macrophages and fibroblasts/epithelial cells in PF lungs, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in PPAR signaling pathway and lysosome, ECM-receptor interaction and ribosome, and metabolism reaction. Time-course studies demonstrated that the inflammation-related factors increased significantly at day 7 (inflammatory phase), whereas the fibrosis-related factors increased at day 28 (fibrotic phase) after BLM exposure. Meanwhile, miR-130a-3p could ameliorate pulmonary lesions by downregulating the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1) and the deposition of ECM (α-SMA, FN, HYP, and collagen) in the inflammatory and fibrotic phase, respectively. In the LPS-induced inflammatory cell model, the upregulation of miR-130a-3p was mainly achieved by the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which suppressed the proinflammatory factor TNF-α. Comparatively, the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway was inhibited by miR-130a-3p targeting TGF-βRII in the TGF-β1-deduced fibrotic cell model. The evidence supports that miR-130a-3p exerts an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effect in BLM-induced PF, implying a potential pharmacological agent in the therapy of PF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Li XZ, Wang XL, Wang YJ, Liang QK, Li Y, Chen YW, Ming HX. Total flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata Bunge have a positive effect on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114858. [PMID: 34826543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with unknown etiology. Oxytropis falcata Bunge (O. falcata) is a 1-35 cm high perennial clustered herb, also known as edaxia, has viscosity and a special smell, and is mainly distributed in the western areas of China. The root of O. falcata has a diameter of 6 mm, is straight and deep, dark red and its stems are shortened, woody and multibranched. O. falcata has heat-clearing, detoxification, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hemostatic and antitumor activities. Furthermore, O. falcata has excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and it is one of the three major anti-inflammatory drugs in Tibetan medicine, known as "the king of herbs". Total flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata Bunge (FOFB) were previously extracted, and their pharmacological activities are consistent with those of the whole herb. In this study, FOFB was extracted from O. falcata by ethanol extraction, and the mechanism of FOFB on IPF was verified by in vivo and in vitro experiments. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to observe the effects of FOFB on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In in vivo experiments, an IPF rat model was established by bleomycin induction. The rats were treated with FOFB (100, 200, 400 mg kg-1·d-1) for 4 weeks. Masson staining and the expression of TGF-β, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and Smad7 in the lung tissue of rats were detected. In in vitro experiments, we perfused normal rats with FOFB (100, 200, 400 mg kg-1·d-1) and obtained the corresponding drug-containing serum. The HFL-1 cell model induced by TGF-β1 was used to detect the corresponding indices through intervention with drug-containing serum. The best intervention time for drug-containing serum was detected by the CCK-8 method. Changes in apoptosis, cytoskeleton and rough endoplasmic reticulum structure were detected. Finally, the expression of TGF-β, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and Smad7 in cells was examined. RESULTS In vivo, Masson staining indicated that the degree of pulmonary fibrosis increased significantly, the expression of TGF-β, p-smad2 and p-Smad3 increased significantly, and the expression of Smad7 decreased in the model group. We found that the degree of pulmonary fibrosis gradually decreased and that the inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway became more obvious with increasing FOFB dose. FOFB (400 mg kg-1·d-1) significantly improved the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in rats. In in vitro experiments, the CCK-8 results showed that 120 h was the best intervention time for drug-containing serum. In the model group, there was no obvious apoptosis or changes in microfilaments and microtubules, the number of rough endoplasmic reticulum increased, and the expression of TGF-β, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 increased significantly, while the expression of Smad7 decreased significantly. We found that with the increase in drug-containing serum concentration, the apoptosis, cytoskeleton and degree of destruction of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the HFL-1 cell model also increased, and the inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway became more pronounced; the effect of the drug-containing serum administered with FOFB (400 mg kg-1·d-1) was the most significant. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that FOFB can improve the occurrence and development of IPF. The effect of FOFB on IPF may be mediated by inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ze Li
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Basic Subjects of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine with Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xue-Lin Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Yan-Jun Wang
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Basic Subjects of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine with Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qian-Kun Liang
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan-Wen Chen
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hai-Xia Ming
- Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Basic Subjects of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and the Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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21
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Liu Q, Lv C, Jiang Y, Luo K, Gao Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Mohammad Omar J, Jin S. From hair to liver: emerging application of hair follicle mesenchymal stem cell transplantation reverses liver cirrhosis by blocking the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to inhibit pathological HSC activation. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12872. [PMID: 35186473 PMCID: PMC8855721 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis (LC) involves multiple systems throughout the body, and patients with LC often die of multiple organ failure. However, few drugs are useful to treat LC. Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) are derived from the dermal papilla and the bulge area of hair follicles and are pluripotent stem cells in the mesoderm with broad prospects in regenerative medicine. As an emerging seed cell type widely used in skin wound healing and plastic surgery, HF-MSCs show considerable prospects in the treatment of LC due to their proliferation and multidirectional differentiation capabilities. We established an LC model in C57BL/6J mice by administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and injected HF-MSCs through the tail vein to explore the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of HF-MSCs on LC. Here, we found that HF-MSCs improved liver function and ameliorated the liver pathology of LC. Notably, PKH67-labeled HF-MSCs were detected in the injured liver and expressed the hepatocyte-specific markers cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and albumin (ALB). In addition, in contrast to that in the LC group, the α-SMA expression showed a decreasing trend in the treatment group in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the pathological activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was inhibited by HF-MSC treatment. Moreover, the levels of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) and p-Smad3, a signaling molecule downstream of TGF-β1, were increased in mice with LC, while HF-MSC treatment reversed these changes in vivo and in vitro. Based on these findings, HF-MSCs may reverse LC by blocking the TGF-β/Smad pathway and inhibiting the pathological activation of HSCs, which may provide evidence for the application of HF-MSCs to treat LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengqian Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Kunpeng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jan Mohammad Omar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shizhu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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22
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Wang X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang S, Yan J. Mg-6Zn alloys promote the healing of intestinal anastomosis via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in regulation of collagen metabolism as compared with titanium alloys. J Biomater Appl 2022; 36:1540-1549. [PMID: 35114835 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211066555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a great clinical need for biodegradable materials. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Mg-6Zn and titanium alloy stapler nails on intestinal anastomosis healing mediated via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, as reflected in collagen metabolism in rabbits. Side-to-side ileo-ileostomy was performed with linear stapler loaded with the two nails. The results showed that no obvious postoperative complications such as abdominal infection and anastomotic leakage were observed. General observation and scanning electron microscope showed that Mg-6Zn alloy nails remained intact in the first week, degraded significantly in the second week, and were little left in the third week, while the titanium alloy nails showed intact substrate throughout the experimental period. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of TGF-β1 in Mg-6Zn alloy group was higher than that in titanium alloy group after 1 week, but it increased slowly, arrived at a lower level in the third week. Collagen I showed an increased expression in Mg-6Zn alloy group, but decreased with time in titanium alloy group. An enhanced expression of collagen III in Mg-6Zn alloy group in the first week but much lower in the third week as compared to the titanium alloy group. The expression of smad2 in Mg-6Zn alloy group maintained a steady level, while in titanium alloy group it showed a general upward trend. The expression of smad3 in both groups held steady after 2 weeks, then in the third week, it showed a strong uptrend in Mg-6Zn alloy group, while decreased immediately in titanium alloy group. Our findings suggest that Mg-6Zn alloy nails degraded significantly within 3 weeks and could provide stability of intestinal anastomosis in the reconstruction of intestinal tract. TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway may play a role in regulation of baseline collagen synthesis throughout the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Wang
- Department of Urology56709, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- Department of Urology56709, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology469915, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Shaoxiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology469915, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery74659, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Huang Y, Chen Z, Lu T, Bi G, Li M, Liang J, Hu Z, Zheng Y, Yin J, Xi J, Lin Z, Zhan C, Jiang W, Wang Q, Tan L. HIF-1α switches the functionality of TGF-β signaling via changing the partners of smads to drive glucose metabolic reprogramming in non-small cell lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:398. [PMID: 34930376 PMCID: PMC8690885 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most cancer cells have fundamentally different metabolic characteristics, particularly much higher glycolysis rates than normal tissues, which support the increased demand for biosynthesis and promote tumor progression. We found that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β plays a dual function in regulating glycolysis and cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS We used the PET/MRI imaging system to observe the glucose metabolism of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Energy metabolism of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines detected by the Seahorse XFe96 cell outflow analyzer. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect the binding of Smads and HIF-1α. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the regulatory effects of TGF-β and HIF-1α on c-MYC, PKM1/2, and cell cycle-related genes. RESULTS We discovered that TGF-β could inhibit glycolysis under normoxia while significantly promoting tumor cells' glycolysis under hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. The binding of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α to the MH2 domain of phosphorylated Smad3 switched TGF-β function to glycolysis by changing Smad partners under hypoxia. The Smad-p107-E2F4/5 complex that initially inhibited c-Myc expression was transformed into a Smad-HIF-1α complex that promoted the expression of c-Myc. The increased expression of c-Myc promoted alternative splicing of PKM to PKM2, resulting in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. In addition, the TGF-β/Smad signal lost its effect on cell cycle regulatory protein p15/p21. Furthermore, high expression of c-Myc inhibited p15/p21 and promoted the proliferation of tumor cells under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that HIF-1α functions as a critical factor in the dual role of TGF-β in tumor cells, and may be used as a biomarker or therapeutic target for TGF-β mediated cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuansheng Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Xi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongwu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
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He F, Feng G, Ma N, Midorikawa K, Oikawa S, Kobayashi H, Zhang Z, Huang G, Takeuchi K, Murata M. GDF10 inhibits cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by the transforming growth factor-β/Smad and NF-κB pathways. Carcinogenesis 2021; 43:94-103. [PMID: 34922336 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor-10 (GDF10) belongs to a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. Dysfunction of the TGF-β pathway can lead to carcinoma progression. Previous studies have shown that GDF10 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in some cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of the association between GDF10 and cell functions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unclear. In this study, the expression and methylation levels of GDF10 were studied in human subjects and cell lines. Furthermore, overexpression of GDF10 was used to explore its biological function and potential mechanism in NPC cell lines. GDF10 was downregulated in NPC owing to its aberrant promoter methylation. After treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, the expression of GDF10 in NPC cells was reversed. We also confirmed that the overexpression of GDF10 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Additionally, GDF10 overexpression in NPC cells attenuated migration and invasion and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition with a decrease in nuclear Smad2 and NF-κB protein accumulation. GDF10 was silenced owing to its promoter hypermethylation, and it might originally act as a functional tumor suppressor via TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathways in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Guofei Feng
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Kaoru Midorikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guangwu Huang
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kazuhiko Takeuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Sun L, Yang Z, Zhang J, Wang J. Isoliquiritigenin attenuates acute renal injury through suppressing oxidative stress, fibrosis and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11188-11200. [PMID: 34784849 PMCID: PMC8810184 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2006978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the protective effects and mechanisms of isoliquiritigenin (ISO) on acute renal injury. CCK-8 assays were applied to assess the effects of ISO at different doses (20, 40, and 80 μg/mL) on oxidative damage in human renal HK-2 cells incubated with high glucose. After the diabetic nephropathy (DN) rat model was established, the model animals were randomly assigned to saline-treated control, three model groups received the 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg ISO, respectively, using the healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats as normal control. The blood biochemical indexes, renal functions, oxidative stress, morphological changes, fibrosis- and JAK2/STAT3-related factors in DN model rats were all assessed. The cellular viability of the renal HK-2 cells with oxidative damages were all markedly ameliorated via the incubation of ISO between 10 and 80 μg/mL compared with negative control. In addition, the significantly down-regulated ROS content and up-regulated expression levels of GSH, SOD2, and GPX1 were all observed in ISO-treated groups. Long-term administration of ISO at different doses in DN rats effectively improved general diabetic characteristics and renal morphology. Furthermore, long-term administration of ISO could ameliorate excessive oxidation stress, down-regulate the expression levels of renal fibrosis- and inflammation-related factors, as well as inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, ISO at all three dosages could efficiently improve the renal injury induced by STZ via ameliorating renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways in the DN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
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Xiao Z, Ji Q, Fu YD, Gao SQ, Hu YH, Liu W, Chen GF, Mu YP, Chen JM, Liu P. Amygdalin Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis through Inhibiting Activation of TGF-β/Smad Signaling. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 29:316-324. [PMID: 34816365 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of amygdalin on liver fibrosis in a liver fibrosis mouse model, and the underlying mechanisms were partly dissected in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Thirty-two male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, including control, model, low- and high-dose amygdalin-treated groups, 8 mice in each group. Except the control group, mice in the other groups were injected intraperitoneally with 10% carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-olive oil solution 3 times a week for 6 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. At the first 3 weeks, amygdalin (1.35 and 2.7 mg/kg body weight) were administered by gavage once a day. Mice in the control group received equal quantities of subcutaneous olive oil and intragastric water from the fourth week. At the end of 6 weeks, liver tissue samples were harvested to detect the content of hydroxyproline (Hyp). Hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining were used to observe the inflammation and fibrosis of liver tissue. The expressions of collagen I (Col-I), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), CD31 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway were observed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. The activation models of hepatic stellate cells, JS-1 and LX-2 cells induced by TGF-β1 were used in vitro with or without different concentrations of amygdalin (0.1, 1, 10 µmol/L). LSECs. The effect of different concentrations of amygdalin on the expressions of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) dedifferentiation markers CD31 and CD44 were observed. RESULTS High-dose of amygdalin significantly reduced the Hyp content and percentage of collagen positive area, and decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of Col-I, α-SMA, CD31 and p-Smad2/3 in liver tissues of mice compared to the model group (P<0.01). Amygdalin down-regulated the expressions of Col-I and α-SMA in JS-1 and LX-2 cells, and TGFβ R1, TGFβ R2 and p-Smad2/3 in LX-2 cells compared to the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, 1 and 10 µmol/L amygdalin inhibited the mRNA and protein expressions of CD31 in LSECs and increased CD44 expression compared to the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Amygdalin can dramatically alleviate liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice and inhibit TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, consequently suppressing HSCs activation and LSECs dedifferentiation to improve angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Xiao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ya-Dong Fu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Si-Qi Gao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gao-Feng Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Zhou QY, Yang HM, Liu JX, Xu N, Li J, Shen LP, Zhang YZ, Koda S, Zhang BB, Yu Q, Chen JX, Zheng KY, Yan C. MicroRNA-497 induced by Clonorchis sinensis enhances the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to promote hepatic fibrosis by targeting Smad7. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:472. [PMID: 34521449 PMCID: PMC8442346 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various stimuli, including Clonorchis sinensis infection, can cause liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) with massive production of extracellular matrix (ECM). Our previous study showed that the TGF-β1-induced Smad signaling pathway played a critical role in the activation of HSCs during liver fibrosis induced by worm infection; however, the mechanisms that modulate the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway are still poorly understood. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that miRNAs act as an important regulator of activation of HSCs during liver fibrosis. Methods The target of miR-497 was determined by bioinformatics analysis combined with a dual-luciferase activity assay. LX-2 cells were transfected with miR-497 inhibitor and then stimulated with TGF-β1 or excretory/secretory products of C. sinensis (CsESPs), and activation of LX-2 was assessed using qPCR or western blot. In vivo, the mice treated with CCl4 were intravenously injected with a single dose of adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) that overexpressed anti-miR-497 sequences or their scramble control for 6 weeks. Liver fibrosis and damage were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson staining, and qPCR; the activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway was detected by qPCR or western blot. Results In the present study, the expression of miR-497 was increased in HSCs activated by TGF-β1 or ESPs of C. sinensis. We identified that Smad7 was the target of miR-497 using combined bioinformatics analysis with luciferase activity assays. Transfection of anti-miR-497 into HSCs upregulated the expression of Smad7, leading to a decrease in the level of p-Smad2/3 and subsequent suppression of the activation of HSCs induced by TGF-β1 or CsESPs. Furthermore, miR-497 inhibitor delivered by highly-hepatotropic (rAAV8) inhibited TGF-β/smads signaling pathway by targeting at Smad7 to ameliorate CCL4-induced liver fibrosis. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that miR-497 promotes liver fibrogenesis by targeting Smad7 to promote TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway transduction both in vivo and in vitro, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy using anti-miR-497 against liver fibrosis. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Min Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephane Koda
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Center of Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China. .,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221004, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China. .,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Y, He L, Wang T, Zhu L, Yan N. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Regulates the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer Cells by Modulating Cholesterol Homeostasis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Metabolites 2021; 11:562. [PMID: 34436503 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism affects endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our previous study demonstrated that 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) attenuated EMT by blocking the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway and activating ER stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. To further assess the detailed mechanisms between cholesterol metabolism, ER stress, and EMT, LXR-623 (an agonist of LXRα) and simvastatin were used to increase and decrease cholesterol efflux and synthesis, respectively. Here, we found that high HP-β-CD concentrations could locally increase cholesterol levels in the ER by decreasing LXRα expression and increasing Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) expression in MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 cells, which triggered ER stress and inhibited EMT. Meanwhile, tunicamycin-induced ER stress blocked the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. However, low HP-β-CD concentrations can decrease the level of membrane cholesterol, enhance the TGF-β receptor I levels in lipid rafts, which helped to activate TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, inhibit ER stress and elevate EMT. Based on our findings, the use of high HP-β-CD concentration can lead to cholesterol accumulation in the ER, thereby inducing ER stress, which directly suppresses TGF-β pathway-induced EMT. However, HP-β-CD is proposed to deplete membrane cholesterol at low concentrations and concurrently inhibit ER stress and induce EMT by promoting the TGF-β signaling pathways.
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Cao W, Wang Q, Huang C. Let-7a Inhibits Tumor Metastasis by Regulating TGF-β/Smad Signaling in the Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line LS-174T. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:3801-3808. [PMID: 34281839 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Colorectal adenocarcinoma has a poor prognosis due to its propensity for metastasis. It has been experimentally demonstrated that the microRNA (miRNA) let-7a can effectively inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis by regulating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway; however, limited research has been conducted in the area of on colorectal cancer. Herein, we aimed to clarify the role and regulation of let-7a in a colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (LS-174T). MATERIALS AND METHODS LS-174T cells were transfected to express let-7a. Let-7a miRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell growth was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; invasion and migration were examined by Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, phosphorylated Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (p-SMAD2), and TGF-β1 were analyzed by western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of TGFB1 were also analyzed by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Overexpression of let-7a resulted in significant inhibition of LS-174T cell proliferation in vitro. The invasion and migration abilities of the cells overexpressing let-7a were decreased, compared to the control group and miR-negative control group. Transfection of LS-174T cells with let-7a resulted in down-regulation of MMP-2, as well as of TGF-β1 and p-SMAD2 protein expression. Moreover, TGF-β1 mRNA levels were reduced following let-7a overexpression. CONCLUSION Let-7a inhibited the growth and metastasis of colonic mucinous adenocarcinoma cells, at least partially, by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Cao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Quanpeng Wang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chongjie Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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Liu X, Liu H, Wu Y, He Z, Shen L, Zhang H, Wan Z, Chen Y, Yue H, Zhang T, Gao S, Yu Z. The role of lncRNA Meg3 in the proliferation of all-trans retinoic acid-treated mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells involves the Smad pathway. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 104:1-7. [PMID: 34166781 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cell proliferation is critical for the growth of the palate shelf. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), as well as pathways associated with TGF-β/Smad signaling, play crucial roles in the proliferation of mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. We have found that MEPM-cell proliferation was regulated by atRA and exogenous TGF-β3 could significantly antagonize the atRA-mediated suppression of MEPM cell proliferation, which is closely associated with the regulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 has been reported to activate TGF-β/Smad signaling, thereby regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, and related processes. Here, we found that Meg3 expression increased significantly in atRA-treated MEPM cells while TGF-β3 treatment markedly inhibited Meg3 expression and antagonized the effect of atRA on Meg3. Moreover, Smad2 was found to interact directly with Meg3, and atRA treatment significantly enriched Meg3 in Smad2-immunoprecipitated samples. After Meg3 deletion, the effects of atRA on the proliferation of MEPM cells and TGF-β3-dependent protein expression were lost. Hence, we speculate that Meg3 has a role in the RA-induced suppression of MEPM cell proliferation by targeting Smad2 and thereby mediating TGF-β/Smad signaling inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haodi Yue
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suhua Gao
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Wu YS, Ho JY, Yu CP, Cho CJ, Wu CL, Huang CS, Gao HW, Yu DS. Ellagic Acid Resensitizes Gemcitabine-Resistant Bladder Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Gemcitabine Transporters. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092032. [PMID: 33922395 PMCID: PMC8122772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemoresistance of bladder cancer has become a major obstacle to clinical treatment, especially in first-line treatments involving gemcitabine (GCB). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highly correlated with GCB resistance but less correlated with GCB metabolism and less reported as a novel therapeutic strategy. Our findings indicated that EMT-related GCB resistance occurs through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways and involves repressed expression of the GCB transporters hCNT1 and hENT1. Ellagic acid (EA) combined with GCB intensified the chemosensitivity of GCB in resistant cells by repressing Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression and rescuing hCNT1 and hENT transcription. These data suggest that EA is a good adjuvant agent for blocking TGF-β/Smad signaling-related GCB resistance in bladder cancer. Abstract Gemcitabine (GCB) resistance is a major issue in bladder cancer chemoresistance, but its underlying mechanism has not been determined. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to be comprehensively involved in GCB resistance in several other cancer types, but the direct connection between EMT and GCB remains unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of EMT-related GCB resistance in bladder cancer and identify a potential phytochemical to modulate drug sensitivity. The biological effects of ellagic acid (EA) or its combined effects with GCB were compared in GCB-resistant cells and the GCB-sensitive line in terms of cell viability, apoptosis, motility, and in vivo tumorigenicity. The molecular regulation of EMT-related GCB resistance was evaluated at both the mRNA and protein expression levels. Our results indicated that TGF-β/Smad induced the overactivation of EMT in GCB-resistant cells and reduced the expression of GCB influx transporters (hCNT1 and hENT1). Moreover, ellagic acid (EA) inhibited the TGF-β signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo by reducing Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression and thereby resensitized GCB sensitivity. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TGF-β/Smad-induced EMT contributes to GCB resistance in bladder cancer by reducing GCB influx and also elucidate the novel mechanisms of EA-mediated inhibition of TGF-β/Smad-induced EMT to overcome GCB resistance. Our study warrants further investigation of EA as an effective therapeutic adjuvant agent for overcoming GCB resistance in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Si Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Jar-Yi Ho
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Yu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Cho
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
| | - Chia-Lun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shuo Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Gao
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-W.G.); (D.-S.Y.)
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-W.G.); (D.-S.Y.)
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Yao Y, Yuan Y, Lu Z, Ma Y, Xie Y, Wang M, Liu F, Zhu C, Lin C. Effects of Nervilia fordii Extract on Pulmonary Fibrosis Through TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:659627. [PMID: 33953686 PMCID: PMC8090936 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.659627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible interstitial pulmonary disease with a poor prognosis. The extract of Nervilia fordii (NFE) has shown remarkable benefit in the treatment of acute lung injury, lung cancer, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). However, the potential mechanism and efficacy of NFE in the treatment of IPF remain unknown. In this study, a systematic network pharmacology analysis was used to predict the mechanism and efficacy of NFE in the treatment of IPF, based on the major components of NFE elucidated by UPLC-TOF-MS/MS. The potential molecular interactions between the compounds and potential targets were predicted using molecular docking. In vivo, rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by a single intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM) were orally administered NFE for 14 days. Lung index and biochemical levels were determined, and histopathological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining was performed. The effects of NFE on fibroblast proliferation in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TGF-β1-induced mouse 3T6 fibroblasts were evaluated in vitro. In total, 20 components were identified in NFE, and 102 potential targets for IPF treatment were predicted. These targets potentially participate in processes regulated by transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase, ERBB2, and et al. Molecular docking results predicted high affinity interactions between three components (rhamnazin, rhamnetin, and rhamnocitrin) and the potential targets, suggesting that TGF-β is the most important potential target of NFE in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. NFE significantly decreased the lung index and alleviated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Histopathological observation of lung tissues showed that NFE alleviated inflammation and collagen deposition in BLM-induced rats. NFE inhibited the migration of LPS- and TGF-β1-induced 3T6 fibroblasts, reduced the contents of hydroxyproline and collagen, and contributed to anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. With the intervention of NFE, the protein and RNA expression of TGF-β1, a-SMA, Smad3/4, p-Smad3/4, CTGF, and p-ERK1/2 were significantly downregulated, while Smad7 and ERK1/2 were upregulated significantly in vivo and in vitro. These findings indicated that NFE may exert therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis by alleviating inflammation, oxidation, and collagen deposition. The mechanism related to the inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zenghui Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangle Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaozhan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Shi H, Xie J, Wang K, Li W, Yin L, Wang G, Wu Z, Ni J, Mao W, Guo C, Peng B. LINC01451 drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition and progression in bladder cancer cells via LIN28/TGF-β/Smad pathway. Cell Signal 2021; 81:109932. [PMID: 33516780 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of bladder cancer (BLCa) is still unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in diverse biological processes across every branch of life, especially in cancer. Dysregulated lncRNAs in BLCa and their biological significance require further investigations. METHODS Herein, a differential expression profile of lncRNAs in BLCa was conducted by microarray data. The expression level of lncRNA LINC01451 in 70 pairs of BLCa tissue samples and different BLCa cell lines were analyzed via real-time quantitative PCR. The CRISPR-CAS9 technique was employed to establish the LINC01451 stably transfected cell lines. Loss-of-function, as well as gain-of-function assays were carried out to evaluate the effects of LINC01451 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models were adopted in the in vivo experiments. Western blot, biotinylated RNA probe pull-down assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to assess the underlying molecular mechanisms of LINC01451 in BLCa. RESULTS LINC01451 was identified a novel functional lncRNA, whose expression level in BLCa tissues was significantly higher compared with the normal tissues. Furthermore, it was found that LINC01451 directly docked LIN28A and LIN28B, and promoted the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of BLCa. Mechanistically, LINC0145 was shown to depend on LIN28A and LIN28B, facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which subsequently aggravated BLCa progression. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrates that LINC01451 drives EMT-induced BLCa progression by activating the LIN28/TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Promisingly, LINC01451 acts as a prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for BLCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; Department of Urology, Nantong Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Jinbo Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weiyi Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Guangchun Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zonglin Wu
- Department of Urology, Shidong Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Changcheng Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Shen L, He Z, Chen Y, Li N, Zhang X, Zhang T, Gao S, Yue H, Li Z, Yu Z. LncRNA Meg3-mediated regulation of the Smad pathway in atRA-induced cleft palate. Toxicol Lett 2021; 341:51-58. [PMID: 33493612 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation is essential to the process of palatogenesis, and the proliferation of mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal (MEPM) cells is impacted by both all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 has been shown to activate TGF-β/Smad signaling and to thereby regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and related processes. Herein, we found that atRA treatment (100 mg/kg) promoted Meg3 upregulation in MEPM cells, and that such upregulation was linked to the suppression of MEPM cell proliferation in the context of secondary palate fusion on gestational day (GD) 13 and 14. Moreover, the demethylation of specific CpG sites within the lncRNA Meg3 promoter was detected in atRA-treated MEPM cells, likely explaining the observed upregulation of this lncRNA. Smad signaling was also suppressed by atRA treatment in these cells, and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that Smad2 can directly interact with Meg3 in MEPM cells following atRA treatment. Therefore, we propose a model wherein Meg3 is involved in the suppression of MEPM cell proliferation, functioning at least in part via interacting with the Smad2 protein and thereby suppressing Smad signaling in the context of atRA-induced cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Division of Blood Vessel Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suhua Gao
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haodi Yue
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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You S, Shi X, Yu D, Zhao D, An Q, Wang D, Zhang J, Li M, Wang C. Fermentation of Panax notoginseng root extract polysaccharides attenuates oxidative stress and promotes type I procollagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblast cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:34. [PMID: 33446178 PMCID: PMC7807718 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng is one of the most valuable traditional Chinese medicines. Polysaccharides in P. notoginseng has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of human diseases. However the application of fermentation technology in Panax notoginseng is not common, and the mechanism of action of P. notoginseng polysaccharides produced by fermentation is still unclear. The specific biological mechanisms of fermented P. notoginseng polysaccharides (FPNP) suppresses H2O2-induced apoptosis in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and the underlying mechanism are not well understood. METHODS In this study, the effects of water extracted and fermentation on concentration of polysaccharides in P. notoginseng extracts were analyzed. After the H2O2-induced HDF model of oxidative damage was established, and then discussed by the expression of cell markers, including ROS, MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and MMP-1, COL-I, ELN, which were detected by related ELISA kits. The expression of TGF-β/Smad pathway markers were tested by qRT-PCR to determine whether FPNP exerted antioxidant activity through TGF-β signaling in HDF cells. RESULTS The polysaccharide content of Panax notoginseng increased after Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC 17452 fermentation. In the FPNP treatment group, ROS and MDA contents were decreased, reversed the down-regulation of the antioxidant activity and expression of antioxidant enzyme (CAT, GSH-Px and SOD) induced by H2O2. Furthermore, the up-regulation in expression of TGF-β, Smad2/3 and the down-regulation in the expression of Smad7 in FPNP treated groups revealed that FPNP can inhibit H2O2-induced collagen and elastin injury by activating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. CONCLUSION It was shown that FPNP could inhibit the damage of collagen and elastin induced by H2O2 by activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, thereby protecting against the oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide. FPNP may be an effective attenuating healing agent that protects the skin from oxidative stress and wrinkles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiquan You
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiuqin Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Quan An
- Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Cai H, Wang J, Luo Y, Wang F, He G, Zhou G, Peng X. Lindera aggregata intervents adenine-induced chronic kidney disease by mediating metabolism and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111098. [PMID: 33341058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lindera aggregata is a main Chinese herb of ancient prescriptions Suoquan pill applied for treating the chronic kidney disease (CKD). A large number of application histories of Lindera aggregata in the treatment of CKD have been recorded in Chinese traditional medical literature. The previous reports revealed that Lindera aggregata can treat CKD. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into control, model, Huangkui,Lindera aggregata ethanol extract (LEE) and Lindera aggregata water extract (LWE) groups. hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the pathology of kidney. The levels of serum creatinine (Scr), serum Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine protein (UP), kidney index(KI) were evaluated. The UPLC - QTOF/MS were applied to probe the metabolic profile. Furthermore, Indoxyl sulfate-induced human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cell model was built to determine the expression levels of pathogenesis-related proteins. RESULTS The results demonstrated that LEE and LWE significantly inhibited the rebound in Scr, BUN, NGAL, UP and KI in models, except for the effect of LWE at low dose (LWE-L) and LEE at low dose (LEE-L) on KI and the effect of LWE-H at high dose (LWE-H) and LEE-L on BUN and NGAL. Moreover,Lindera aggregata extracts alleviated renal tubular dilatation, interstitial fibrosis and interstitial inflammation. By analysis, twenty-eight metabolites were related to CKD. After intervention of Lindera aggregata extracts, some metabolites approach to a normal-like level, such as Indoxyl sulfate. These metabolites are mainly involved in tryptophan, fatty acid, glycerophospholipid, tyrosine and arachidonic acid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, Lindera aggregata extracts mediate the expression of smad2, smad3, smad7 and TGF-β in Indoxyl sulfate-induced HK-2 cell. CONCLUSIONS Lindera aggregata extracts can mitigate adenine-induced CKD by modulating the metabolic profile and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, providing important supports for developing protective agent of Lindera aggregata for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdie Cai
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Yiyuan Luo
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Furong Wang
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Guoqing He
- Zhejiang Hongshiliang Group Tiantaishan Spicebush Root Co. Ltd, Taizhou 317200, PR China
| | - Gen Zhou
- Zhejiang Hongshiliang Group Tiantaishan Spicebush Root Co. Ltd, Taizhou 317200, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, No. 1, Qianhu South Road, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
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Zhu X, Kong X, Ma S, Liu R, Li X, Gao S, Ren D, Zheng Y, Tang J. TGFβ/Smad mediated the polyhexamethyleneguanide areosol-induced irreversible pulmonary fibrosis in subchronic inhalation exposure. Inhal Toxicol 2020; 32:419-430. [PMID: 33148071 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2020.1836091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is widely used as a disinfectant with broad spectra of bactericidal activity and low oral toxicity. However, inhalation of PHMG can cause pulmonary injury and severe pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism underlying PHMG aerosol induced pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the subchronic lung injury and determine potential cytokines involved in PHMG aerosol induced fibrosis. METHODS C57BL/6N mice were exposed to 1.03 mg/m3 PHMG through aerosol inhalation for 3 weeks, or 3 weeks followed by other 3 weeks recovery. RESULTS The results indicated that the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and extracellular matrix remodeling markers were up-regulated in the PHMG-treated mice and these parameters were aggravated after 3 weeks recovery. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) analysis showed that the number of total cells was significantly decreased in exposure group. The percentage of macrophages in BALFs decreased significantly whereas the percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes increased. Extensive collagen deposition was observed in the peribronchiolar and interstitial areas in the PHMG exposed lungs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, even low-does PHMG aerosol exposure could induce mice pulmonary local inflammation and irreversible fibrosis. In addition, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway mediated the extracellular matrix remodeling involved in the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Kong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaobo Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dunqiang Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinglong Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Wang Y, Han X, Zang T, Kang P, Jiang W, Niu N. miR-29b enhances the proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats with castration-induced osteoporosis through the PI3K/AKT and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3185-3195. [PMID: 32855687 PMCID: PMC7444379 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-29b in the proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in rats with castration-induced osteoporosis and the relevant mechanisms. The gene expression profiling microarray technique was utilized to sequence the BMSCs with overexpressed miR-29b. The intersection of the potential targets and the genes downregulated in the sequencing were utilized for GO enrichment analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to analyze the effect of miR-29b on signaling pathways. Additionally, the effects of miR-29b overexpression on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (Smad) signaling pathways were detected via RT-qPCR assay and western blotting. The expression level of miR-29b was found to be significantly reduced in bone marrow tissues of postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and BMSCs of rats with castration-induced osteoporosis established via ovariectomy. Based on transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics software prediction, 76 potential targets of miR-29b were obtained, which were distinctly enriched in such biological processes as cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell migration and cell adhesion. The results of CCK-8 and EdU assays showed that overexpression of miR-29b overtly promoted the proliferation of BMSCs in rats with castration-induced osteoporosis. Moreover, the Transwell assay results revealed that the overexpression of miR-29b significantly facilitated the migration of BMSCs in rats with castration-induced osteoporosis. According to RT-qPCR assay and western blotting, miR-29b activated the PI3K/AKT and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. miR-29b exhibited a clearly lower expression level in the bone marrow tissues of the postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and BMSCs of rats with castration-induced osteoporosis established via ovariectomy. Overexpression of miR-29b was able to enhance the proliferation and migration ability of BMSCs in rats with castration-induced osteoporosis, and such an enhancement may be correlated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Xiangmin Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Zhangqiu District Hospital of TCM, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Tongxin Zang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, P.R. China
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Niu Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao No. 9 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266002, P.R. China
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Nie X, Zhao J, Ling H, Deng Y, Li X, He Y. Exploring microRNAs in diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4077-4095. [PMID: 32449793 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic chronic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) are one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, occurring mainly in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and their target genes are essential regulators of cell physiology and pathology including biological processes that are involved in the regulation of diabetes and diabetes-related microvascular complications. in vivo and in vitro models have revealed that the expression of some miRNAs can be regulated in the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and wound remodelling of DCU. Nevertheless, the potential application of miRNAs to clinical use is still limited. Here, we provide a contemporary overview of the miRNAs as well as their associated target genes and pathways (including Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR) related to DCU healing. We also summarize the current development of drugs for DCU treatment and discuss the therapeutic challenges of DCU treatment and its future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiufeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hua Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Georgia Campus - Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Suwanee, GA, USA
| | - Youcai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Yu Y, Hu D, Zhou Y, Xiang H, Liu B, Shen L, Long C, Liu X, Lin T, He D, Zhang Y, Xu T, Zhang D, Wei G. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell attenuates renal fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173343. [PMID: 32629029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a progressive pathological process that eventually leads to end-stage renal failure with limited therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to investigate the nephron-protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (ucMSCs) on renal fibrosis. UcMSCs were intravenously injected into renal fibrosis mice induced by aristolochic acid (AA) and co-cultured with HK-2 cells induced by TGF-β1, respectively. The kidney functions including serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and histopathology were examined after treated with stem cells and normal saline as control. Immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, and Western blot analysis were used to assessed the expression of proteins associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The results showed that ucMSCs effectively improved the kidney function and pathological structure, reduced AA-induced fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition. Besides, UcMSCs significantly inhibited the EMT process and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in AA-induced mice and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells compared to the control (p < 0.05). Our data suggested that ucMSCs play as a nephron-protective role in anti-fibrosis through inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Xiao Z, Tian Y, Jia Y, Shen Q, Jiang W, Chen G, Shang B, Shi M, Wang Z, Zhao X. RUNX3 inhibits the invasion and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by reversing the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition through TGF‑β/Smad signaling. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1289-1299. [PMID: 32323849 PMCID: PMC7057941 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt‑related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a candidate tumor suppressor, and its inactivation may play a crucial role in the carcinogenesis process of numerous cancer types, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We previously revealed that RUNX3 inactivation was correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and ESCC recurrence. However, the exact mechanisms of this process are still under investigation. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of RUNX3 in ESCC metastasis and the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). According to the results, RUNX3 expression in ESCC tissue was significantly reduced compared with that in adjacent normal tissue (0.50±0.20 vs. 0.83±0.16; P<0.001). In addition, statistical analysis revealed a close association between decreased RUNX3 expression and T status (P=0.027) and LNM (P=0.017) in ESCC patients. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis was then used to evaluate correlations between RUNX3 and EMT‑related marker expression. The results revealed that RUNX3 expression in ESCC tissues was negatively correlated with the expression of N‑cadherin (r=‑0.429; P<0.01) and Snail (r=‑0.364; P<0.01) and positively correlated with the expression of E‑cadherin (r=0.580; P<0.01). Moreover, Eca109 and EC9706 cell invasion, migration, MMP‑9 expression and EMT were significantly inhibited by RUNX3 overexpression. Notably, further analysis revealed that RUNX3 overexpression markedly inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2/3; RUNX3‑overexpressing cells also displayed less sensitivity to TGF‑β1‑induced EMT than control cells. Thus, RUNX3 may inhibit the invasion and migration of ESCC cells by reversing EMT through TGF‑β/Smad signaling and may be useful as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Wenpeng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Bin Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Mo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Zhou Wang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Thoracic Cancer in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
- Professor Xiaogang Zhao, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Avenue, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China, E-mail:
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He X, Chen J, Mu Y, Zhang H, Chen G, Liu P, Liu W. The effects of inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells by lignan components from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis and the mechanism of schisanhenol. J Nat Med 2020; 74:513-524. [PMID: 32193805 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a pathological manifestation induced by chronic liver injury and may cause cirrhosis and liver cancer with the chronic progression of fibrosis. During the onset and progression of liver fibrosis, the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the core mechanism for the secretion of many extracellular matrices to induce fibrosis. Lignans are reportedly the main effective components of Schisandra chinensis with good anti-fibrosis effects. In this study, we compared the inhibiting effects of the seven lignan components from S. chinensis on HSC activation. We found that the seven lignans inhibited the activation of human HSCs (LX-2) in various degrees. Among all lignans, schisanhenol showed the best effect in inhibiting the activation of LX-2 with a dose-effect relationship. Sal also inhibited the phosphorylations of Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), as well as downregulated Smad4. All these findings suggested that schisanhenol may ameliorate liver fibrosis by inhibiting the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Remarkably, schisanhenol may be a potential anti-liver fibrosis drug and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli He
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,TCM Department, Ningbo Huamei Hospital Affiliated to Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Road, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yongping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gaofeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease with high morbidity and mortality. miR-182-5p is overexpressed in several fibrosis-related diseases but its effect in pulmonary fibrosis has not been reported yet. To investigate the function of miR-182-5p in pulmonary fibrosis, we established bleomycin (BLM)-induced fibrotic mice model and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-treated human embryonic lung fibroblasts model. In this study, miR-182-5p was highly expressed in pulmonary tissues of BLM-induced fibrotic mice. The content of hydroxyproline and TGF-β1 was decreased by downregulating the expression of miR-182-5p, indicating that fibrosis was alleviated in mice treated with Lentivirus-anti-miR-182-5p.Quantification of fibrosis-related proteins demonstrated that downregulation of miR-182-5p inhibited the expression of profibrotic proteins (fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin, p-Smad2/p-Smad3) as well as enhanced the level of Smad7. In vitro assays validated that miR-182-5p was induced by TGF-β1 with the function of promoting fibrosis. In dual-luciferase reporter assay, Smad7 was demonstrated to be negatively regulated by miR-182-5p. Moreover, the effect of knocking down miR-182-5p on inhibiting fibrosis was achieved by upregulating the expression of Smad7. Therefore, miR-182-5p can be regarded as a biomarker of IPF and its inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach in treating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - M Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Lu C, Yin Y, Cui Y, Wang L, Bai Y, Li J, Huang T, Reziwanguli M, Miao L. 1,25(OH) 2D 3 improves blood lipid metabolism, liver function, and atherosclerosis by constraining the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in rats with hyperlipidemia. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3111-3124. [PMID: 31544583 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1669389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
1,25(OH)2D3 has already been reported to function in some diseases. However, its role in hyperlipidemia (HLP) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on HLP rats. Rat models were established by high-fat diet feeding, perfusion of different doses of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and injection of TGF-β1 siRNA. Whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, and erythrocyte aggregation index were detected, together with levels of biochemical indexes, 6-keto-PGF1α, and TXB2 in serum. Levels of oxidative stress indexes and inflammatory factors in serum and liver tissues were determined. TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression in serum, liver tissues, and aorta was detected. 1,25(OH)2D3 lowered HLP-induced rise of whole blood viscosity, red blood cell aggregation index, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit, TC, TG, LDL-C, apoB, ALT, AST, TXB2, MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and increased HLP-induced decrease of HDL-C, apoAI, 6-keto-PGF1α, SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC. TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression in serum, liver tissue, and aorta of 1,25(OH)2D3-treated rats reduced. High 1,25(OH)2D3 dose and inhibited TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway alleviated lipid metabolism, liver function, and atherosclerotic injury in HLP rats. Our study found that 1,25(OH)2D3 improves blood lipid metabolism, liver function, and atherosclerosis injury by constraining the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in rats with HLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Lu
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Yanping Yin
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Yongliang Cui
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Lili Wang
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Yan Bai
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Jian Li
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | | | - Lifu Miao
- Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
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Xiong R, Gao JL, Yin T. G3BP1 activates the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to promote gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7149-7156. [PMID: 31564899 PMCID: PMC6730608 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s213728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) is involved in various biological functions, including cell growth, metastasis, differentiation, apoptosis, and RNA metabolism. In current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of G3BP1 on gastric cancer (GC). Methods The expression of G3BP1 in GC tissues and cell lines was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Correlations of G3BP1 expression with clinicopathological and prognosis of GC patients were evaluated. The functions of G3BP1 in regulating proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cell were investigated using small interfering RNA (siRNA) strategies. Preliminary exploration of its underlying mechanism using Western blotting. Results G3BP1 expression was upregulated in GC tissues compared with adjacent tissues, and the higher G3BP1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis. G3BP1 knockdown decreased GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, silencing of G3BP1 inhibits the activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway in GC cells. Conclusion G3BP1 plays an important role in the progression of GC as an oncogene and may become a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Long Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
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Yao Y, Chen R, Wang G, Zhang Y, Liu F. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells reverse EMT via TGF-β1/Smad pathway and promote repair of damaged endometrium. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:225. [PMID: 31358049 PMCID: PMC6664513 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is one of the most serious complications in patients with endometrial repair disorder after injury. Currently, there is no effective treatment for IUA. Stem cell is the main candidate of new therapy, which functions mainly through paracrine mechanism. Stem-derived exosomes (Exo) play an important role in tissue injury. Here, we mainly aim to study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived Exo on repairing endometrium of IUA animal models and its effect on TGF-β1 induced EMT in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). Methods Totally, 64 female rabbits were randomly divided into Sham operation group, model group, BMSC treatment group, and Exo treatment group. EMT in EECs was induced by TGF-β1. Then, EECs were treated with Exo (25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml) for 24 h. HE staining and Masson staining were used to evaluate the changes in glandular number and fibrosis area. The expression levels of CK19 and VIM were detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of CK19, VIM, FSP-1, E-cadherin, TGF-β1, TGF-β1R, Smad 2, and P-Smad 2. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression levels of CK19, VIM, FSP-1, E-cadherin, TGF-β1, TGF-β1R, and Smad 2. Results Compared with the model group, the number of endometrial glands was significantly increased and endometrial fibrosis area was significantly decreased in BMSC and Exo groups (P < 0.05). CK19 level significantly increased whereas VIM level significantly decreased after treatment of BMSCs and Exo (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expressions of TGF-β1, TGF-β1R, and Smad2 mRNA were all significantly decreased after BMSC and Exo treatment (P < 0.05). Besides, phosphorylation levels of TGF-β1, TGF-β1R, and Smad2 were also significantly decreased in BMSC and Exo treatment groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between BMSC and Exo treatment groups (P > 0.05). EMT was induced in EECs by 60 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 24 h. After Exo treatment for 24 h, mRNA expressions of CK-19 and E-cadherin increased, while those of VIM, FSP-1, TGF-β1, and Smad2 decreased. Additionally, protein expressions of CK-19 and E-cadherin increased, while those of VIM, FSP-1, TGF-β1, Smad2, and P-Smad2 decreased. Conclusions BMSC-derived Exo is involved in the repair of injured endometrium, with similar effect to that of BMSC, and can reverse EMT in rabbit EECs induced by TGF-β1. BMSC-derived Exo may promote endometrial repair by the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, No. 107, North Second Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, No. 107, North Second Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guowu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, No. 107, North Second Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, No. 107, North Second Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, No. 107, North Second Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, Uygur Autonomous Region, China. .,Department of Gynecology, Suining Central Hospital, No. 127 Desheng West Road, Chuanshan District, Suining, 629000, Sichuan Province, China.
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Yin J, Wang L, Wang Y, Shen H, Wang X, Wu L. Curcumin reverses oxaliplatin resistance in human colorectal cancer via regulation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3893-3903. [PMID: 31190888 PMCID: PMC6529728 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s199601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance is a main obstacle to the chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is mainly regulated by TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, has gradually been recognized as an important mechanism for tumor chemoresistance. Studies have shown that curcumin regulated EMT processes in many human cancers. However, whether curcumin could regulate OXA resistance in CRC through modulating TGF-β/Smad signaling-mediated EMT remains unclear. Methods: In an attempt to investigate the effect of curcumin on OXA resistance in CRC, OXA-resistant cell line HCT116/OXA was established firstly. The effect of curcumin on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay and Ki67 immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, transwell assay was used to detect the effect of curcumin on cell invasion and the activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling was examined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of curcumin was further examined in vivo using a CRC animal model. Results: The OXA-resistant cell line HCT116/OXA was successfully established, and combination of OXA with curcumin reduced OXA resistance in vitro. Besides, the combination treatment inhibited the expressions of p-p65 and Bcl-2, but increased the level of active-caspase3. In addition, curcumin inhibited EMT via regulation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Moreover, in vivo study confirmed curcumin could reverse OXA resistance in CRC. Conclusion: Our study indicated that curcumin could reserve OXA resistance in CRC through dampening TGF-β/Smads signaling in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
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Chen KJ, Li Q, Weng CM, Duan ZX, Zhang DD, Chen ZQ, Chen J, Wang JM. Bleomycin-enhanced alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition in lung fibrosis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180445. [PMID: 30049844 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20180445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an important public health problem, and it has few treatment options given its poorly understood etiology; however, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pneumocytes has been implicated as a factor. Herein, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of lung fibrosis mediated by EMT, with a focus on the alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), using bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrotic and transgenic mouse models. We employed BLM-induced and surfactant protein C (SPC)-Cre and LacZ double transgenic mouse models. The results showed that EMT occurred during lung fibrosis. BLM inhibited the expression of epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1), resulting in enhanced alternative splicing of FGFR2 to the mesenchymal isoform IIIc. BLM-induced lung fibrosis was also associated with the activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling. These findings have implications for rationally targetted strategies to therapeutically address IPF.
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Huang G, Du MY, Zhu H, Zhang N, Lu ZW, Qian LX, Zhang W, Tian X, He X, Yin L. MiRNA-34a reversed TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via suppression of SMAD4 in NPC cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:217-24. [PMID: 29960168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered a prerequisite for tumor invasion and metastasis in many cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying EMT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is largely unknown. In this study, we found that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which reportedly promotes EMT in multiple cancers, can trigger EMT and increase the invasive and migratory capacities of NPC cells. Conversely, the downregulation of SMAD4, a vital member of the canonical TGF-β pathway, reversed the TGF-β-induced EMT, invasion, and migration. Further experiments revealed that SMAD4 was the target of miRNA-34a, which was downregulated in NPC tissues and suppressed NPC cell metastasis in vivo. miRNA-34a overexpression also antagonized the TGF-β-induced EMT progression, invasion, and migration through SMAD4 inhibition. However, the restoration of SMAD4 expression rescued the inhibitory effects of miRNA-34a on tumorigenesis. All these results confirmed that miRNA-34a suppressed the TGF-β-induced EMT, invasion, and migration of NPC cells by directly targeting SMAD4, which indicated the potential of miR-34a as a therapeutic target against NPC.
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Liu N, Xu L, Shi Y, Fang L, Gu H, Wang H, Ding X, Zhuang S. Pharmacologic targeting ERK1/2 attenuates the development and progression of hyperuricemic nephropathy in rats. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33807-33826. [PMID: 28442634 PMCID: PMC5464913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hyperuricemia-induced chronic kidney disease is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether extracellular signal–regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) would contribute to the development of hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN). In a rat model of HN induced by feeding mixture of adenine and potassium oxonate, increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and severe glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis were evident, in parallel with diminished levels of renal function and increased urine microalbumin excretion. Administration of U0126, which is a selective inhibitor of the ERK1/2 pathway, improved renal function, decreased urine microalbumin and inhibited activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts as well as accumulation of extracellular proteins. U0126 also inhibited hyperuricemia-induced expression of multiple profibrogenic cytokines/chemokines and infiltration of macrophages in the kidney. Furthermore, U0126 treatment suppressed xanthine oxidase, which mediates uric acid production. It also reduced expression of the urate anion exchanger 1, which promotes reabsorption of uric acid, and preserved expression of organic anion transporters 1 and 3, which accelerate uric acid excretion in the kidney of hyperuricemic rats. Finally, U0126 inhibited phosphorylation of Smad3, a key mediator in transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling. In cultured renal interstitial fibroblasts, inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by siRNA suppressed uric acid-induced activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts. Collectively, pharmacologic targeting of ERK1/2 can alleviate HN by suppressing TGF-β signaling, reducing inflammation responses, and inhibiting the molecular processes associated with elevation of blood uric acid levels in the body. Thus, ERK1/2 inhibition may be a potential approach for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Liuqing Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yingfeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hongwei Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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