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Golubev SN, Muratova AY, Panchenko LV, Shchyogolev SY, Turkovskaya OV. Mycolicibacterium sp. strain PAM1, an alfalfa rhizosphere dweller, catabolizes PAHs and promotes partner-plant growth. Microbiol Res 2021; 253:126885. [PMID: 34624611 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This research was focused on the isolation and characterization of a PAH-catabolizing mycobacterial strain from the petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated rhizosphere of alfalfa, as well as on revealing some points of interaction between the microorganism and the plant. Mycolicibacterium sp. PAM1, a pyrene degrader isolated from the niche of interest to us, can catabolize fluoranthene, anthracene, fluorene, and phenanthrene. On the basis of curves of PAM1 growth with different PAHs as the sole carbon sources and on the basis of PAH-degradation rates, we found that pollutant availability to the strain decreased in the sequence phenanthrene > fluorene > fluoranthene ∼ pyrene > anthracene. For each PAH, the catabolic products were identified. PAM1 was found to have the functional genes nidA and nidB. New data modeling the 2D and 3D structures, intrinsic structural disorder, and molecular dynamics of the nidA and nidB gene products were obtained. The identified genes and intermediates of pyrene degradation indicate that PAM1 has a PAH catabolic pathway that is peculiar to known mycobacterial pyrene degraders. PAM1 utilized some components of alfalfa root exudates as nutrients and promoted plant growth. The use of mycobacterial partners of alfalfa is attractive for enhancing the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Golubev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna Yu Muratova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid V Panchenko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Yu Shchyogolev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Turkovskaya
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
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da Silva BM, Maranho LT. Petroleum-contaminated sites: Decision framework for selecting remediation technologies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 378:120722. [PMID: 31200225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brício Marcelino da Silva
- Graduate Program in Environmental Management, Positivo University, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, CEP: 81.280-330, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Federal Institution of Education, Science and Technology Fluminense, Av. Souza Mota, 350, CEP: 28.060-010, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leila Teresinha Maranho
- Graduate Program in Environmental Management, Positivo University, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, CEP: 81.280-330, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Microbiome and imputed metagenome study of crude and refined petroleum-oil-contaminated soils: Potential for hydrocarbon degradation and plant-growth promotion. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Kumar V, AlMomin S, Al-Aqeel H, Al-Salameen F, Nair S, Shajan A. Metagenomic analysis of rhizosphere microflora of oil-contaminated soil planted with barley and alfalfa. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202127. [PMID: 30092049 PMCID: PMC6084965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of rhizosphere microbial communities in the degradation of hydrocarbons remains poorly understood and is a field of active study. We used high throughput sequencing to explore the rhizosphere microbial diversity in the alfalfa and barley planted oil contaminated soil samples. The analysis of 16s rRNA sequences showed Proteobacteria to be the most enriched (45.9%) followed by Bacteriodetes (21.4%) and Actinobacteria (10.4%) phyla. The results also indicated differences in the microbial diversity among the oil contaminated planted soil samples. The oil contaminated planted soil samples showed a higher richness in the microbial flora when compared to that of untreated samples, as indicated by the Chao1 indices. However, the trend was different for the diversity measure, where oil contaminated barley planted soil samples showed slightly lower diversity indices. While the clustering of soil samples grouped the oil contaminated samples within and across the plant types, the clean sandy soil samples formed a separate group. The oil contaminated rhizosphere soil showed an enrichment of known oil-degrading genera, such as Alcanivorax and Aequorivita, later being specifically enriched in the contaminated soil samples planted with barley. Overall, we found a few well known oil-degrading bacterial groups to be enriched in the oil contaminated planted soil samples compared to the untreated samples. Further, phyla such as Thermi and Gemmatimonadetes showed an enrichment in the oil contaminated soil samples, indicating their potential role in hydrocarbon degradation. The findings of the current study will be useful in understanding the rhizosphere microflora responsible for oil degradation and thus can help in designing appropriate phytoremediation strategies for oil contaminated lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabah AlMomin
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hamed Al-Aqeel
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fadila Al-Salameen
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sindhu Nair
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Anisha Shajan
- Biotechnology Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Chen J, Wang PF, Wang C, Wang X, Gao H. Effects of decabromodiphenyl ether and planting on the abundance and community composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and ammonia oxidizers in mangrove sediments: A laboratory microcosm study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:1045-1055. [PMID: 29100689 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While nitrogen (N) fixation and ammonia oxidation by microorganisms are two important N cycling processes, little is known about how the microbes that drive these two processes respond when sediments are contaminated with persistent organic pollutants. In this study, we carried out a laboratory microcosm experiment to examine the effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), either on its own or combined with a common mangrove species, Avicennia marina, on the abundance, diversity, and community composition of N-fixing bacteria (NFB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in mangrove sediments. The sediments were very N-limited after one year. The rates of N fixation and NFB abundance were significantly higher in the sediments that contaminated by BDE-209, especially in the planted sediment, indicating that both BDE-209 and planting stimulated N fixation in N-limited mangrove sediments. In contrast, the potential nitrification rate and abundance of AOA and AOB decreased significantly under BDE-209 and planting, and the inhibitory effects were stronger in the sediment with both planting and BDE-209 than in the sediments with either BDE-209 or planting. The results from pyrosequencing showed that the richness and diversity of NFB increased, while those of AOA and AOB decreased, in the sediments treated with BDE-209 only and with BDE-209 combined with planting. The community compositions of NFB, AOA, and AOB in the sediments shifted significantly because of BDE-209, either alone or particularly when combined with planting, as shown by the increases in some NFB from the Proteobacteria phylum and decreases in AOA in the Nitrosopumilus genus and AOB in the Nitrosospira genus, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Pei-Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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Muratova AY, Panchenko LV, Semina DV, Golubev SN, Turkovskaya OV. New strains of oil-degrading microorganisms for treating contaminated soils and wastes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/107/1/012066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Lim MW, Lau EV, Poh PE. A comprehensive guide of remediation technologies for oil contaminated soil - Present works and future directions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 109:14-45. [PMID: 27267117 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oil spills result in negative impacts on the environment, economy and society. Due to tidal and waves actions, the oil spillage affects the shorelines by adhering to the soil, making it difficult for immediate cleaning of the soil. As shoreline clean-up is the most costly component of a response operation, there is a need for effective oil remediation technologies. This paper provides a review on the remediation technologies for soil contaminated with various types of oil, including diesel, crude oil, petroleum, lubricating oil, bitumen and bunker oil. The methods discussed include solvent extraction, bioremediation, phytoremediation, chemical oxidation, electrokinetic remediation, thermal technologies, ultrasonication, flotation and integrated remediation technologies. Each of these technologies was discussed, and associated with their advantages, disadvantages, advancements and future work in detail. Nonetheless, it is important to note that no single remediation technology is considered the best solution for the remediation of oil contaminated soil. CAPSULE This review provides a comprehensive literature on the various remediation technologies studied in the removal of different oil types from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Wei Lim
- School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Ee Von Lau
- School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Phaik Eong Poh
- School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Bisht S, Pandey P, Bhargava B, Sharma S, Kumar V, Sharma KD. Bioremediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using rhizosphere technology. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:7-21. [PMID: 26221084 PMCID: PMC4512045 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246120131354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The remediation of polluted sites has become a priority for society because of increase in quality of life standards and the awareness of environmental issues. Over the past few decades there has been avid interest in developing in situ strategies for remediation of environmental contaminants, because of the high economic cost of physicochemical strategies, the biological tools for remediation of these persistent pollutants is the better option. Major foci have been considered on persistent organic chemicals i.e. polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to their ubiquitous occurrence, recalcitrance, bioaccumulation potential and carcinogenic activity. Rhizoremediation, a specific type of phytoremediation that involves both plants and their associated rhizospheric microbes is the creative biotechnological approach that has been explored in this review. Moreover, in this review we showed the significance of rhizoremediation of PAHs from other bioremediation strategies i.e. natural attenuation, bioaugmentation and phytoremediation and also analyze certain environmental factor that may influence the rhizoremediation technique. Numerous bacterial species were reported to degrade variety of PAHs and most of them are isolated from contaminated soil, however few reports are available from non contaminated soil. Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Pseudomons fluoresens , Mycobacterium spp., Haemophilus spp., Rhodococcus spp., Paenibacillus spp. are some of the commonly studied PAH-degrading bacteria. Finally, exploring the molecular communication between plants and microbes, and exploiting this communication to achieve better results in the elimination of contaminants, is a fascinating area of research for future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Bisht
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, VCSG College of Horticulture, Uttarakhand University of Horticulture & Forestry, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Bhavya Bhargava
- Department of Floriculture & Landscaping Architecture, VCSG College of Horticulture, Uttarakhand University of Horticulture & Forestry, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Amity Institutite of Microbial Technology, Amity Univeristy, Noida, India
| | - Krishan D. Sharma
- VCSG College of Horticulture, Uttarakhand University of Horticulture & Forestry, Uttarakhand, India
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Cortés-Pérez S, Rodríguez-Zaragoza S, Mendoza-López MR. Trophic structure of amoeba communities near roots of Medicago sativa after contamination with fuel oil no. 6. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 67:430-442. [PMID: 24158688 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Root exudation increases microbial activity, selecting bacterial and fungal communities that metabolize organic matter such as hydrocarbons. However, a strong contamination pulse of hydrocarbons around plant roots may reorganize the soil's microbial trophic structure toward amoebae feeding on bacteria. We conducted a microcosm experiment to elucidate the effect of Medicago sativa on the trophic structure of naked amoebae after a strong pulse of pollution (50,000 ppm of fuel oil no. 6, which is a mixture of long chains ranging from C10 to C28). Plants were seeded 24 h after contamination and species of amoebae in the microcosms were identified at 1, 30, and 60 days after pollution. Several species from three trophic groups of naked amoeba were still alive 24 h after the hydrocarbon pulse. Non-planted microcosms harbored three trophic groups after 60 days, while planted ones nourished four groups. The bacterivore group was the most diverse in all microcosms, followed by protist-eaters and omnivores. The quantity of amoebae was significantly higher (3.4×10(3) organisms/g soil) in the planted pots than in the non-planted ones (1.3×10(3) organisms/g soil after 30 days of pollution (P ≤ 0.01). The shortest hydrocarbon chains (C10-C14) disappeared or diminished in all microcosms, and the longest ones increased in the planted ones. M. sativa thus exerted a positive effect on species richness, quantity, and the composition of amoebae trophic groups in contaminated soil. This indirect effect on bacterial predators is another key factor underlying hydrocarbon assimilation by living organisms during phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cortés-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, UBIPRO, Fes-Iztacala UNAM, Av. De los Barrios #1 Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla Edo., México, C.P. 54090, Mexico,
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Lojková L, Vranová V, Rejšek K, Formánek P. Natural Occurrence of Enantiomers of Organic Compounds Versus Phytoremediations: Should Research on Phytoremediations Be Revisited? A Mini-review. Chirality 2013; 26:1-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Lojková
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Valerie Vranová
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Klement Rejšek
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Formánek
- Mendel University in Brno; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Soil Science, Brno; Czech Republic
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Couto MNPFS, Basto MCP, Vasconcelos MTSD. Suitability of different salt marsh plants for petroleum hydrocarbons remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:1052-1057. [PMID: 21601235 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of the salt-marsh species Halimione portulacoides, Scirpus maritimus, Juncus maritimus and an association of the last two for remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) in soil was investigated. An outdoor laboratory experiment (microcosm-scale) was carried out using contaminated soil collected in a refinery, as a complement of another study carried out in the refinery environment (mesocosm-scale). Soil samples with old contamination (mainly crude oil) and with a mixture of the old and recent (turbine oil) contamination were tested. Studies in both micro- and mesocosm-scale provided results coherent in substance. The presence of S. maritimus caused removal of old contamination which was refractory to natural attenuation (after 7months of exposure, efficiency was 13% when only old contamination was present and 40% when the soil also contained recent contamination). H. portulacoides (only included in the microcosm-scale study) revealed also potentiality for PHC remediation, although with less efficiency than S. maritimus. Degradation of recent contamination was also faster in the presence of plants (after 7months: 100% in the presence of S. maritimus vs. 63% in its absence). As these species are common in salt marsh areas in Atlantic coast of Europe, it is probable they will be also useful for recovering coast sediments. In contrast, J. maritimus and association did not reveal capability to remove PHC from soil, the presence of J. maritimus inhibiting the capability of S. maritimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nazaré P F S Couto
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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Hall J, Soole K, Bentham R. Hydrocarbon phytoremediation in the family Fabaceae--a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2011; 13:317-332. [PMID: 21598795 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2010.495143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently, studies often focus on the use of Poaceae species (grasses) for phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. Research into the use of Fabaceae species (legumes) to remediate hydrocarbons in soils has been conducted, but these plants are commonly overlooked due to slower recorded rates of degradation compared with many grass species. Evidence in the literature suggests that in some cases Fabaceae species may increase total degradation of hydrocarbons and stimulate degradative capacity of the soil microbial community, particularly for contaminants which are normally more recalcitrant to degradation. As many recalcitrant hydrocarbons have negative impacts on human and ecosystem health, development of remediation options is crucial. Reconsideration of Fabaceae species for removal of such contaminants may lead to environmentally and economically sustainable technologies for remediation of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hall
- Environmental Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia.
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Ding N, Guo H, Hayat T, Wu Y, Xu J. Microbial community structure changes during Aroclor 1242 degradation in the rhizosphere of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumL.). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2009; 70:149-58. [PMID: 19663919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Weishaar JA, Tsao D, Burken JG. Phytoremediation of BTEX hydrocarbons: potential impacts of diurnal groundwater fluctuation on microbial degradation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2009; 11:509-523. [PMID: 19810352 DOI: 10.1080/15226510802656326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Volatile hydrocarbons have multiple potential fates in phytoremediation. This research investigated the relationship between biodegradation and plant uptake of BTEX compounds in laboratory and field settings. At a phytoremediation site, preliminary studies revealed minimal uptake into trees and enhanced degradation potential in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soiL Increased oxygen transport to the vadose zone caused by diurnal rise and fall of the water table was hypothesized to enhance degradation in the bulk soil. A detailed greenhouse study was then conducted to investigate potential bioremediation impacts using field-site soil and DN34 hybrid poplar trees. In rhizosphere soils, the contaminated-planted reactor had significantly higher BTEX degrader populations versus the uncontaminated-planted reactor, as was anticipated. The bulk soil in the planted-contaminated reactor had increased degrader populations than the unplanted-contaminated soil or planted-uncontaminated soil, and planting increased degradation throughout the soil profile, not just in the limited volume of rhizosphere soils. Oxygen diffusive and advective transport into reactors was modeled and calculated. Oxygen input in planted reactors was at least 3 to 5 times higher than in unplanted reactors, and increasing oxygen input lead to increased degrader populations in a linear manner. These results combined with the knowledge that high-transpiration trees draw the contaminated groundwater to the capillary fringe and the rhizosphere indicate that phytoremediation can aid microbial degradation via multiple mechanisms: increasing degrader populations, increasing oxygen input via groundwater diurnal fluctuations, and transporting contaminants to the biologically-enriched soil profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff A Weishaar
- Environmental Engineering Program, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-0030, USA
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Muratova AY, Dmitrieva TV, Panchenko LV, Turkovskaya OV. Phytoremediation of oil-sludge-contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2008; 10:486-502. [PMID: 19260228 DOI: 10.1080/15226510802114920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to select plant species that could be effective in the phytoremediation ofa former oil-sludge pit. Seven crop plants (Triticum aestivum L., Secale cereale L., Avena sativa L., Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor L Moench, Panicum miliaceum L, and Zea mays L.),five wild grasses (Lolium perenne L., Bromopsis inermis, Agropyron cristatum L., Agropyrum tenerum L., and Festuca pratensis Huds.), and three legumes (Medicago sativa L., Trifolium pratense L., and Onobrychis antasiatica Khin.) were screened for phytotoxicity, including the assessment of germination, shoot biomass, and root biomass, in a pot experiment. The estimation of oil-sludge degradation in the root zone of the tested plants showed that rye accelerated cleanup most effectively, degrading all of the main contaminant fractions in the oil sludge by a total of 52%. Although alfalfa had a lower phytoremediation potential than did rye, it maintained large numbers of soil microorganisms, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degraders, in its rhizosphere. Rye and alfalfa were chosen for a large-scale study to remediate an oil-sludge pit on the grounds of a petroleum refinery. Remediation monitoring confirmed the effectiveness of rye: the oil-sludge content decreased consistently for 3 years and remained low in comparison with the results from other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Muratova
- Institute ofBiochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov, Russia.
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Abstract
The phytodegradation of organic compounds can take place inside the plant or within the rhizosphere of the plant. Many different compounds and classes of compounds can be removed from the environment by this method, including solvents in groundwater, petroleum and aromatic compounds in soils, and volatile compounds in the air. Although still a relatively new area of research, there are many laboratories studying the underlying science necessary for a wide range of applications for plant-based remediation of organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Newman
- University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, 800 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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