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Uytingco CR, Green WW, Martens JR. Olfactory Loss and Dysfunction in Ciliopathies: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapies. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3103-3119. [PMID: 29303074 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180105102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ciliopathies are a class of inherited pleiotropic genetic disorders in which alterations in cilia assembly, maintenance, and/or function exhibit penetrance in the multiple organ systems. Olfactory dysfunction is one such clinical manifestation that has been shown in both patients and model organisms. Existing therapies for ciliopathies are limited to the treatment or management of symptoms. The last decade has seen an increase in potential curative therapeutic options including small molecules and biologics. Recent work in multiciliated olfactory sensory neurons has demonstrated the capacity of targeted gene therapy to restore ciliation in terminally differentiated cells and rescue olfactory function. This review will discuss the current understanding of the penetrance of ciliopathies in the olfactory system. Importantly, it will highlight both pharmacological and biological approaches, and their potential therapeutic value in the olfactory system and other ciliated tissues. METHODS We undertook a structured and comprehensive search of peer-reviewed research literature encompassing in vitro, in vivo, model organism, and clinical studies. From these publications, we describe the olfactory system, and discuss the penetrance of ciliopathies and impact of cilia loss on olfactory function. In addition, we outlined the developing therapies for ciliopathies across different organ and cell culture systems, and discussed their potential therapeutic application to the mammalian olfactory system. RESULTS One-hundred sixty-one manuscripts were included in the review, centering on the understanding of olfactory penetrance of ciliopathies, and discussing the potential therapeutic options for ciliopathies in the context of the mammalian olfactory system. Forty-four manuscripts were used to generate a table listing the known congenital causes of olfactory dysfunction, with the first ten listed are linked to ciliopathies. Twenty-three manuscripts were used to outline the potential of small molecules for the olfactory system. Emphasis was placed on HDAC6 inhibitors and lithium, both of which were shown to stabilize microtubule structures, contributing to ciliogenesis and cilia lengthening. Seventy-five manuscripts were used to describe gene therapy and gene therapeutic strategies. Included were the implementation of adenoviral, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and lentiviral vectors to treat ciliopathies across different organ systems and application toward the olfactory system. Thus far, adenoviral and AAVmeditated ciliary restoration demonstrated successful proof-of-principle preclinical studies. In addition, gene editing, ex vivo gene therapy, and transplantation could serve as alternative therapeutic and long-term approaches. But for all approaches, additional assessment of vector immunogenicity, specificity, and efficacy need further investigation. Currently, ciliopathy treatments are limited to symptomatic management with no curative options. However, the accessibility and amenability of the olfactory system to treatment would facilitate development and advancement of a viable therapy. CONCLUSION The findings of this review highlight the contribution of ciliopathies to a growing list of congenial olfactory dysfunctions. Promising results from other organ systems imply the feasibility of biologics, with results from gene therapies proving to be a viable therapeutic option for ciliopathies and olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric R Uytingco
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Warren W Green
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Martens
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
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Uytingco CR, Martens JR. Intranasal Delivery of Adenoviral and AAV Vectors for Transduction of the Mammalian Peripheral Olfactory System. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1950:283-297. [PMID: 30783981 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9139-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal delivery of solutions is a straightforward methodology for viral vector transduction and gene transfer to the epithelia within the nasal cavity. Beyond the simplicity of the technique, intranasal delivery has demonstrated restricted transduction of the olfactory and respiratory epithelial tissues. Here we outline the procedure of viral vector intranasal delivery in early postnatal and adult mice, as well as adult rats. The procedure allows for robust transduction and ectopic gene delivery that can be used for the visualization of cellular structures, protein distribution, and assessment of viral vector-mediated therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric R Uytingco
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Martens
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Best SA, Harapas CR, Kersbergen A, Rathi V, Asselin-Labat ML, Sutherland KD. FGFR3-TACC3 is an oncogenic fusion protein in respiratory epithelium. Oncogene 2018; 37:6096-6104. [PMID: 29991799 PMCID: PMC6215478 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural rearrangements of the genome can drive lung tumorigenesis
through the generation of fusion genes with oncogenic properties. Advanced
genomic approaches have identified the presence of a genetic fusion between
fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
(FGFR3) and transforming acidic coiled-coil 3
(TACC3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing a
novel target for FGFR inhibition. To interrogate the functional consequences of
the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion in the transformation of lung epithelial cells, we
generated a novel transgenic mouse model that expresses FGFR3-TACC3 concomitant
with loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Intra-nasal
delivery of an Ad5-CMV-Cre virus promoted seromucinous glandular transformation
of olfactory cells lining the nasal cavities of FGFR3-TACC3
(LSL-F3T3) mice, which was further
accelerated upon loss of p53
(LSL-F3T3/p53).
Surprisingly, lung tumors failed to develop in intra-nasally infected
LSL-F3T3 and
LSL-F3T3/p53 mice. In
line with these observations, we demonstrated that intra-nasal delivery of
Ad5-CMV-Cre induces widespread Cre-mediated recombination in the olfactory
epithelium. Intra-tracheal delivery of Ad5-CMV-Cre into the lungs of
LSL-F3T3 and
LSL-F3T3/p53 mice
however, resulted in the development of lung adenocarcinomas. Taken together,
these findings provide in vivo evidence for an oncogenic
function of FGFR3-TACC3 in respiratory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Best
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cassandra R Harapas
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Ariena Kersbergen
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Vivek Rathi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kate D Sutherland
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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The subcellular location of antigen expressed by adenoviral vectors modifies adaptive immunity but not dependency on cross-presenting dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:2185-96. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Grubb BR, Rogers TD, Boucher RC, Ostrowski LE. Ion transport across CF and normal murine olfactory and ciliated epithelium. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 296:C1301-9. [PMID: 19321738 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00578.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The nasal epithelium of the cystic fibrosis (CF) mouse has been used extensively in CF research because it exhibits ion transport defects similar to those of human CF airways. This tissue is composed of approximately 50% olfactory (OE) and approximately 50% ciliated epithelium (CE), and on the basis of previous observations, we hypothesized that a significant fraction of the bioelectric signals from murine nasal tissue may arise from OE rather than CE, while CE is the target tissue for CF gene therapy. We compared the bioelectric properties of isolated OE from the nasal cavity and CE from the nasopharynx in Ussing chamber studies. Hyperabsorption of Na(+) [amiloride response; CF vs. wild type (WT)] was approximately 7.5-fold greater in the OE compared with the CE. The forskolin response in native tissues did not reliably distinguish genotypes, likely due to a cyclic nucleotide-gated cation conductance in OE and a calcium-mediated Cl(-) conductance in CE. By potential difference assay, hyperabsorption of Na(+) (CF vs. WT) and the difference in response to apical 0 Cl(-) buffer (CF vs. WT) were approximately 2-fold greater in the nasal cavity compared with the nasopharynx. Our studies demonstrate that in the CF mouse, both the hyperabsorption of Na(+) and the Cl(-) transport defect are of larger magnitude in the OE than in the CE. Thus, while the murine CF nasal epithelium is a valuable model for CF studies, the bioelectrics are likely dominated by the signals from the OE, and assays of the nasopharynx may be more specific for studying the ciliated epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Grubb
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, 7011 Thurston-Bowles Bldg., CB 7248, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolia 27599-7248, USA.
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Nibu K, Doi K, Ochu N, Nishikawa T. [Progress in research and clinical practice related to olfactory sense--regeneration medicine for olfactory nerve cells]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 111:45-9. [PMID: 18404832 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.111.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Damjanovic D, Zhang X, Mu J, Fe Medina M, Xing Z. Organ distribution of transgene expression following intranasal mucosal delivery of recombinant replication-defective adenovirus gene transfer vector. GENETIC VACCINES AND THERAPY 2008; 6:5. [PMID: 18261231 PMCID: PMC2259349 DOI: 10.1186/1479-0556-6-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that respiratory mucosal immunization triggers more effective immune protection than parenteral immunization against respiratory infection caused by viruses and intracellular bacteria. Such understanding has led to the successful implementation of intranasal immunization in humans with a live cold-adapted flu virus vaccine. Furthermore there has been an interest in developing effective mucosal-deliverable genetic vaccines against other infectious diseases. However, there is a concern that intranasally delivered recombinant viral-based vaccines may disseminate to the CNS via the olfactory tissue. Initial experimental evidence suggests that intranasally delivered recombinant adenoviral gene transfer vector may transport to the olfactory bulb. However, there is a lack of quantitative studies to compare the relative amounts of transgene products in the respiratory tract, lung, olfactory bulb and brain after intranasal mucosal delivery of viral gene transfer vector. To address this issue, we have used fluorescence macroscopic imaging, luciferase quantification and PCR approaches to compare the relative distribution of transgene products or adenoviral gene sequences in the respiratory tract, lung, draining lymph nodes, olfactory bulb, brain and spleen. Intranasal mucosal delivery of replication-defective recombinant adenoviral vector results in gene transfer predominantly in the respiratory system including the lung while it does lead to a moderate level of gene transfer in the olfactory bulb. However, intranasal inoculation of adenoviral vector leads to little or no viral dissemination to the major region of the CNS, the brain. These experimental findings support the efficaciousness of intranasal adenoviral-mediated gene transfer for the purpose of mucosal immunization and suggest that it may not be of significant safety concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Damjanovic
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, and M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5 Canada
| | - Xizhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, and M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5 Canada
| | - Jingyu Mu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, and M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5 Canada
| | - Maria Fe Medina
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, and M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5 Canada
| | - Zhou Xing
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, and M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5 Canada
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Ostrowski LE, Yin W, Diggs PS, Rogers TD, O'Neal WK, Grubb BR. Expression of CFTR from a ciliated cell-specific promoter is ineffective at correcting nasal potential difference in CF mice. Gene Ther 2007; 14:1492-501. [PMID: 17637798 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Successful gene therapy will require that the therapeutic gene be expressed at a sufficient level in the correct cell type(s). To improve the specificity of gene transfer for cystic fibrosis (CF) and other airway diseases, we have begun to develop cell-type specific promoters to target the expression of transgenes to specific airway cell types. Using a FOXJ1 promoter construct previously shown to direct transgene expression specifically to ciliated cells, we have generated transgenic mice expressing human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the murine tracheal and nasal epithelia. RNA analysis demonstrated levels of CFTR expression is greater than or equal to the level of endogenous mouse CFTR. Immunoprecipitation and western blotting demonstrated the production of human CFTR protein, and immunochemistry confirmed that CFTR was expressed in the apical region of ciliated cells. The transgenic animals were bred to CFTR null mice (Cftr(tm1Unc)) to determine if expression of CFTR from the FOXJ1 promoter is capable of correcting the airway defects in Cl(-) secretion and Na(+) absorption that accompany CF. Isolated trachea from neonatal CF mice expressing the FOXJ1/CFTR transgene demonstrated a correction of forskolin-stimulated Cl(-) secretion. However, expression of human CFTR in ciliated cells of the nasal epithelia failed to significantly change the nasal bioelectrics of the CF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Ostrowski
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide researchers with a survey atlas of normal paranasal sinus anatomy in the mouse as well as to standardize the reporting of data within the murine nose and sinuses. STUDY DESIGN Histologic and radiographic study in mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were killed and their heads sectioned in the axial and coronal planes as well as imaged using a small animal micro-computed tomography (CT) scanner. Distinctive regions within the nose and paranasal sinuses were delineated and labeled A to G for identification. RESULTS Definable regions within the normal murine nose and paranasal sinuses include A) the nasal airway, B) the superior nasal vault, C) the osteomeatal complex, D) the anterior ethmoid sinuses, E) the posterior ethmoid sinuses, F) the true maxillary sinus, and G) the secondary maxillary sinus. Mice also possess discernible sphenoid sinuses. CT scans confirmed the histologic plane of section. CONCLUSIONS A survey atlas of normal murine sinonasal anatomy shall provide laboratories seeking to use mice in sinus research a reference for beginning their work. As new transgenic and gene knockout mice become available, phenotypic changes in sinonasal architecture can be more easily discerned using such a reference. Defining specific regions (A-G) within the sinuses will standardize the nomenclature used for reporting data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Jacob
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Doi K, Nibu KI, Okado H, Terashima T. Bcl-2 expression mediated by Cre/loxP system in olfactory epithelium. Neurosci Lett 2006; 399:67-70. [PMID: 16503088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2005] [Revised: 01/15/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To study the Bcl-2 expression mediated by the Cre/loxP recombination system and its effect on prevention of apoptosis in olfactory epithelium. Adenoviral vectors with cassette for Bcl-2 (AxCALNLBcl-2) and Cre recombinase (AxCANCre) were applied to mouse olfactory epithelium by intranasal instillation. The effect of exogenous Bcl-2 expression on prevention of apoptosis of olfactory receptor neurons was investigated using an apoptosis model induced by bulbectomy. The Bcl-2 product was expressed not only in the olfactory receptor neurons but also in the supporting cells. Although statistical analysis did not show significant difference, the number of apoptotic cells in the infected olfactory epithelium on post-bulbectomy day 2 was lower than that of control and the number of survived mature olfactory receptor neurons in the infected olfactory epithelium on post-bulbectomy day 5 was higher than that of control. Although further studies are required for clinical application, the results of our study suggest that this strategy may be able to deliver exogenous Bcl-2 for the treatment of degeneration of olfactory receptor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Doi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Kumahara K, Nagata H, Watanabe K, Shimizu N, Arimoto Y, Isoyama K, Okamoto Y, Shirasawa H. Suppression of inflammation by dexamethasone prolongs adenoviral vector-mediated transgene expression in murine nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol 2005; 125:1301-6. [PMID: 16303678 DOI: 10.1080/00016480410018160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that suppression of inflammation by dexamethasone attenuates the host immune response against adenoviral-mediated gene transfection and thereby prolongs transgene expression in murine nasal mucosa. OBJECTIVES Gene transfer using a recombinant adenovirus is a good tool for research and clinical applications, but the immune response to adenoviral vectors can induce inflammation and loss of transgene expression in transfected tissues. In this study we investigated the effects of dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression on adenovirus gene transfer in the nasal mucosa of the mouse. MATERIAL AND METHODS We administered the recombinant adenovirus Ax1CAlacZ, which encodes Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacZ gene), to the nasal mucosa of mice treated with or without i.p. dexamethasone and evaluated the expression of the lacZ gene on Days 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28. The nasal mucosa was dissected out, and the mRNA level was measured using a LightCycler. The expression of the exogenous beta-galactosidase was detected by means of histochemistry. RESULTS Dexamethasone treatment significantly increased the mRNA level compared with that in the controls at Days 4, 7 and 14. Histochemistry showed that the expression of beta-galactosidase protein persisted in the dexamethasone-treated mice at Days 7 and 14 but had diminished almost to nothing in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Kumahara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Doi K, Nibu KI, Ishida H, Okado H, Terashima T. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb: a long-term study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2005; 114:629-33. [PMID: 16190096 DOI: 10.1177/000348940511400808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to study the spatiotemporal gene expression mediated by adenoviral vector in the olfactory pathways. METHODS The replication-defective adenoviral vector AxCALacZ, which encodes the enzyme Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase, was applied to mouse olfactory epithelium by intranasal instillation. RESULTS The LacZ gene product, beta-galactosidase, was expressed not only in the olfactory receptor neurons and their axons, but also in the olfactory bulbs. The first evidence of anterograde labeling was observed at postinfection day (PID) 2. At PID 3, beta-galactosidase was strongly expressed in olfactory nerve axons, as well as their terminal glomeruli, in the olfactory bulbs. beta-Galactosidase expression persisted up to PID 90, and there was a significant decrease in the number of labeled neurons at PID 30. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest possible long-term effects of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer on the olfactory neurons, as well as the olfactory bulbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Doi
- Dept of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho 7-5-1, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Isoyama K, Nagata H, Shino Y, Isegawa N, Arimoto Y, Koda M, Kumahara K, Okamoto Y, Shirasawa H. Effects of adenoviral vector-mediated BDNF expression on the bulbectomy-induced apoptosis of olfactory receptor neurons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 129:88-95. [PMID: 15469885 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The expression of adenoviral vector (Ad)-mediated lacZ and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mouse olfactory epithelium (OE) was examined, and the effect of BDNF on the survival of the bulbectomized OE was evaluated. A recombinant adenovirus, Ax1CAlacZ, was administrated into the mouse OE after bulbectomy, and the expression of a transferred E. coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) gene was confirmed by X-gal staining. The expression and effects of exogenous BDNF in the OE after bulbectomy were examined using immunohistochemistry and the TUNEL method. The adenoviral vector-mediated expression of beta-gal in the mouse OE was detectable for up to 14 days after bulbectomy in vivo. The Ad-mediated expression of BDNF was also observed in the OE after bulbectomy. Exogenously induced BDNF suppressed the degenerative changes of bulbectomized OE. TUNEL staining indicated that the exogenous BDNF enhanced the survival of the bulbectomized OE by inhibiting apoptosis. Ad-mediated expression of BDNF in the mouse nasal mucosa alleviated degenerative changes in bulbectomized OE. Ad-mediated transfer of neurotrophic factors might be applicable in the treatment of olfactory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Isoyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (J2), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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