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Enyan NIE, Ken-Amoah S, Tuoyire DA, Akakpo KP, Agyare E, Obiri-Yeboah D. HIV status and knowledge of cervical cancer among women in Ghana. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38347531 PMCID: PMC10863268 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer remains a disease of significant concern to women's health. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of knowledge of cervical cancer among women living with HIV and those with negative or unknown HIV status at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH). METHODS This study was based on a larger hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the antiretroviral therapy (ART) and gynaecology clinics of the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Participants were women living with HIV (WLHIV) and women without HIV or whose status was unknown, aged 25 to 65 years, seeking healthcare. Data were collected with a questionnaire and analysed using frequencies, percentages, Chi-square test, binary logistic regression and multivariate analysis. RESULTS The mean age was 39.5 years (± 9.8) and 47.2 years (± 10.7) for women without or unknown HIV and WLHIV, respectively. HIV-negative/unknown women were mostly nulligravida (76%) and nullipara (69%), while WLHIV mostly had pregnancies (76%) and children (84%) in excess of seven. Knowledge of cervical cancer was statistically significantly associated with HIV status (X2 = 75.65; P-value = 0.001). The odds of having knowledge of cervical cancer for women considered to be negative/unknown for HIV were about three times (AOR = 3.07; 95% CI = 1.47, 6.41) higher than their compatriots with HIV. Women with post-secondary/tertiary (AOR = 4.45; 95% CI = 2.11, 9.35) education had significantly higher odds of having knowledge of cervical cancer than those with no education or those with just primary education. CONCLUSIONS To improve knowledge of cervical cancer among women, an intentionally structured health education programme is needed, particularly for WLHIV, those with lower levels of education and the unemployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Innocentia Ebu Enyan
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Sebastian Ken-Amoah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Derek Anamaale Tuoyire
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kafui Patrick Akakpo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Directorate of Research, Innovation and Consultancy, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Luginaah NA, Konkor I, Lawson ES, Mkandawire P, Husbands W, Omorodion F, Etowa J, Antabe R, Wong J. Concurrent sexual partnerships and HIV testing among heterosexual Black men in Ontario, Canada: findings from the weSpeak study. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1825-1840. [PMID: 34494926 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1976395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African, Caribbean, and Black men constitute the second-highest category of males living with HIV in Ontario, which increased from 15.4% to 17% between 2011 and 2016. Previous studies have attributed this disproportionately higher rate to multiple concurrent sexual partnerships and low rates of HIV testing. Drawing on theoretical constructs of the health belief model (HBM), this study examined the relationship between multiple concurrent sexual partnerships and the uptake of HIV testing services among heterosexual Black men in Ontario. METHODS Using a cross-sectional sample data of 829 individuals from four cities in Ontario, we employed the multinomial logit analysis to examine the relationship between multiple sexual partnerships and the uptake of HIV testing services among heterosexual Black men. RESULTS The findings show that heterosexual Black men with multiple concurrent sexual partners were more than twice (RRR = 2.306, P < 0.01) as likely to test for HIV within the past 12 months when compared to those with one partner. Furthermore, being an immigrant, having good knowledge of HIV transmission, and earning lower annual income predicted higher odds of testing while sexual debut between the ages of 16 and 20 years, no visit to a healthcare provider in the past year and difficulty accessing healthcare significantly predicted lower likelihood of testing for HIV. CONCLUSIONS These findings align with the theoretical constructs of the health belief model but more importantly, they suggest heterosexual Black men with concurrent sexual partners may be aware of their HIV risk and are taking measures to know their serostatus. Hence, making HIV screening services accessible and at safer spaces could increase their use of HIV screening services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irenius Konkor
- Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Erica S Lawson
- Department of Women's Studies, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Paul Mkandawire
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Francisca Omorodion
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | | | - Roger Antabe
- Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josephine Wong
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
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Sexual Victimization, Self-Efficacy to Refuse Sex While Drinking, and Regretting Alcohol-Involved Sex among Underserved Youth in Kampala, Uganda. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19041915. [PMID: 35206104 PMCID: PMC8871664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19041915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to determine whether youth who have experienced sexual victimization (SV) have lower self-efficacy to refuse sex and to identify intervention strategies for rape survivors to mitigate further health-risks and harm. Cross-sectional data from the 2014 Kampala Youth Survey (n = 1134) of youth aged 12 to 18 years recruited from Uganda Youth Development Link drop-in centers were used to conduct the analyses. Multivariable statistics were computed to determine the correlates (i.e., sex, education, homelessness, problem drinking, and SV) for (1) self-efficacy to refuse sex, (2) self-efficacy to refuse sex while drinking, and (3) regretting sex due to alcohol use. Among participants, 16.9% reported SV (79% were female and 21% were male). In the final adjusted model, self-efficacy to refuse sex while drinking was only associated with homelessness (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.74). Previous SV was not associated with lower self-reports of self-efficacy to refuse sex compared to those who had not experienced SV. Additionally, SV was not associated with increased reports of regrets for sex attributed to alcohol use. Alcohol prevention strategies for the most at-risk youth, including homeless youth, are warranted to improve self-efficacy to refuse sex among youth living in the slums of Kampala.
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Yeshaneh A, Lencha A, Aweke AM, Dessalew Y, Wale T, Mekuriya E, Abdulahi T, Workineh A, Yitayew M, Dinku H, Asfaw G. Consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV positive clients attending ART clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261581. [PMID: 34932611 PMCID: PMC8691638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects a highly significant number of people and is responsible for the deaths of many people in sub-Saharan African countries alone. The best prevention method for this virus is through consistent condom utilization which can help to prevent drug-resistant HIV infection and acquisition of new infection. Therefore, this study aimed to assess consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive individuals attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia in 2020. Methods An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 HIV-positive individuals who have follow-up in the Pawi general hospital antiretroviral therapy clinics, from January to February 2020. The study subjects were reached using a systematic sampling technique and data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were performed using epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 respectively. Binary and multivariable analyses with a 95% confidence level were performed. In the final model, variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results A total of 419 antiretroviral therapy study participants were participated in the study with a response rate of 100%. In this finding, the consistent condom utilization rate was 49.2% [95% CI: 42.2–56.5%]. After controlling for possible confounding factors, the results showed that place of residence [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.45], marital status [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.67], number of partners [AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55] and level of education [AOR = 5.33, 95% CI: 1.57, 18.08] were associated factors of consistent condom utilization. Conclusion Consistent condom utilization among HIV-positive clients attending antiretroviral therapy clinics at Pawi general hospital was low. Residence, marital status, level of education and number of partners were significantly associated factors of consistent condom use. Health education program and counseling services should be started to increase knowledge about way of transmission and appropriate use of condoms, increase self-efficacy towards condom use and reduction in the number of sexual partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Yeshaneh
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Adugna Lencha
- Department of Midwifery, Institute of health science, Pawi Health Science College, Pawi, Ethiopia
| | - Amlaku Mulat Aweke
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahirdar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia
| | - Yaregal Dessalew
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Tegegne Wale
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debretabor University, Debretabor, Ethiopia
| | - Esubalew Mekuriya
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahirdar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia
| | - Temkin Abdulahi
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Workineh
- Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Yitayew
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia
| | - Hirut Dinku
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Genet Asfaw
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Simelane MS, Vermaak K, Zwane E, Masango S. Individual and community-level factors associated with lifetime number of sexual partners among women aged 15-49 in Eswatini. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246100. [PMID: 33497398 PMCID: PMC7837491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the risk factors for behavioral patterns in sexual relationships play a significant role in the reduction of the transmission of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. OBJECTIVE To investigate individual and community level factors on the lifetime number of sexual partners of women in Eswatini. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was a secondary cross-sectional analysis of the 2014 Eswatini Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). A total of 2,832 women aged 15-49 years were asked in total, how many different people have you had sexual intercourse in your lifetime. The multilevel negative binomial regression model was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The overall mean number of lifetime sexual partners was 2.78 (95% CI: 2.66, 2.91) in 2014. Compared to women aged 15-19, those aged 20 years and older, formerly married or never married reported more lifetime sexual partners compared to currently married women. Those that were aged 15 years and older at sexual debut reported fewer lifetime sexual partners compared to those that were aged less than 15 years. Compared to women that used a condom at last sexual intercourse, those that did not use a condom at last sexual encounter reported fewer lifetime sexual partners. Relative to women that lived with their sons and daughters, those that did not live with their sons and daughters reported more lifetime sexual partners. Women that lived in the Shiselweni and Lubombo regions reported fewer lifetime sexual partners compared to those residents in the Hhohho region. CONCLUSION Overall, lifetime sexual partners in Eswatini was significantly associated with individual characteristics and is unique across regions. Programs that aim to elucidate the factors associated with incident HIV infections among women in Eswatini should focus on individual and community-level factors that are associated with multiple sexual partnerships, which in turn might increase the risk of HIV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maswati S. Simelane
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
| | - Kerry Vermaak
- The School of Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Eugene Zwane
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
| | - Sdumo Masango
- Department of Statistics and Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni, Eswatini
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Bruxelle JF, Trattnig N, Mureithi MW, Landais E, Pantophlet R. HIV-1 Entry and Prospects for Protecting against Infection. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020228. [PMID: 33499233 PMCID: PMC7911371 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) establishes a latent viral reservoir soon after infection, which poses a major challenge for drug treatment and curative strategies. Many efforts are therefore focused on blocking infection. To this end, both viral and host factors relevant to the onset of infection need to be considered. Given that HIV-1 is most often transmitted mucosally, strategies designed to protect against infection need to be effective at mucosal portals of entry. These strategies need to contend also with cell-free and cell-associated transmitted/founder (T/F) virus forms; both can initiate and establish infection. This review will discuss how insight from the current model of HIV-1 mucosal transmission and cell entry has highlighted challenges in developing effective strategies to prevent infection. First, we examine key viral and host factors that play a role in transmission and infection. We then discuss preventive strategies based on antibody-mediated protection, with emphasis on targeting T/F viruses and mucosal immunity. Lastly, we review treatment strategies targeting viral entry, with focus on the most clinically advanced entry inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bruxelle
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.-F.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Nino Trattnig
- Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marianne W. Mureithi
- KAVI—Institute of Clinical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box, Nairobi 19676–00202, Kenya;
| | - Elise Landais
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ralph Pantophlet
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.-F.B.); (R.P.)
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Hershow RB, Ha TV, Sripaipan T, Latkin C, Hutton HE, Chander G, Bui Q, Nguyen VQ, Frangakis C, Go VF. Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Men Living with HIV in Northern Vietnam. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:2555-2571. [PMID: 32078077 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-02813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and characteristics of HIV-infected male perpetrators. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Vietnam with male antiretroviral treatment clients (N = 1099; mean age = 40.2 years). Bivariable associations were tested between psychological or physical/sexual IPV perpetration in the last 12 months and sociodemographic, psychosocial, and sexual behavioral factors using prevalence ratios. Factors significant at p < 0.10 were entered in multivariable models for each IPV outcome using a modified Poisson approach. Results showed 15.6% (N = 171/1099) reported perpetrating psychological IPV and 7.6% (N = 84/1099) perpetrating physical/sexual IPV in the last 12 months. HIV risk behaviors, including hazardous drinking and multiple sexual partners, having witnessed interparental violence as a child, and depressive symptoms were associated with perpetrating IPV. HIV interventions targeting HIV-infected men in Vietnam should intervene on IPV perpetration by addressing the co-occurring factors of sexual risk, depression, alcohol use, and child maltreatment that are correlated with IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B Hershow
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | - Teerada Sripaipan
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carl Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heidi E Hutton
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Constantine Frangakis
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivian F Go
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Wei D, Cao W, Hou F, Hao C, Gu J, Peng L, Li J. Multilevel factors associated with perpetration of five types of intimate partner violence among men who have sex with men in China: an ecological model-informed study. AIDS Care 2020; 32:1544-1555. [PMID: 32093496 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1734523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In China, intimate partner violence (IPV) among men who have sex with men remains poorly investigated. Informed by the ecological model, this study explored multilevel factors associated with perpetration of IPV among men who have sex with men. The participants were recruited from 15 cities in mainland China. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that the prevalence of committing physical, sexual, monitoring, controlling and emotional IPV was 8.6%, 7.1%, 15.2%, 7.6% and 17.1%, respectively. Committing physical IPV showed a positive association with perceived public discrimination and self-stigma towards homosexuality. Committing sexual IPV showed a positive association with involvement with a homosexual support agency and more sex partners. Monitoring IPV was positively associated with higher education and perceived stress, but negatively associated with instrumental and emotional support. Committing controlling IPV showed a positive association with drug use during sex and self-stigma but a negative association with self-esteem, self-efficacy and older age at first homosexual sex. Committing emotional IPV showed a positive association with commercial sex behaviour and perceived stress, but a negative association with resilience. Committing IPV was prevalent in this population. It is necessary to distinguish the various types of IPV in future studies, given their differences in associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannuo Wei
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Fengsu Hou
- Department of Public Mental Health, Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Hao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Gu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Peng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Mulumeoderhwa M. 'It's not good to eat a candy in a wrapper': male students' perspectives on condom use and concurrent sexual partnerships in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. SAHARA J 2018; 15:89-102. [PMID: 30149788 PMCID: PMC6116706 DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2018.1516160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on fieldwork carried out in 2011 with aim to investigate young men's perspectives about condoms use, concurrent sexual partnerships and sex in the context of HIV/AIDS. This study employed a qualitative approach to collect data from 28 boys aged 16-20 from two urban and two rural high schools in South Kivu province. Four focus group discussions and 20 individual interviews were conducted among them. The findings showed that most students identified condoms as unsafe and untrustworthy. Reasons given for the mistrust of condoms were related to the belief that condoms do not give enough protection from Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV and pregnancies. Most participants believe that condoms have a 'small hole' or are unreliable and are therefore not effective in prevention. They also mentioned that condoms encourage inappropriate sexual activity. They prefer flesh-to-flesh sex rather than protected sex using a condom. However, a few participants acknowledged the importance of condom use. Despite the risk of HIV transmission, boys believe that it is appropriate for them to have concurrent sexual partnerships. They justified the concurrent sexual partnerships as a way of ensuring that they cannot miss a girl to satisfy their sexual desire. Given the boys' failure to use condoms and their strong inclination to concurrent sexual partnerships, there is a need for heath groups and stakeholders within the area to increase awareness about condoms' effectiveness and improve knowledge dissemination on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and how they are prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroyi Mulumeoderhwa
- Faculty of Top Management, Institute for Reconciliation and Social Justice, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Burgueño E, Carlos S, Lopez-Del Burgo C, Osorio A, Stozek M, Ndarabu A, Muamba P, Tshisuaka P, De Irala J. Forced sexual intercourse and its association with HIV status among people attending HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing in a healthcare center in Kinshasa (DRC). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189632. [PMID: 29253857 PMCID: PMC5734756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual violence, an HIV determinant, is an integrated behavior in the D.R.Congo. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of forced sexual intercourse (FSI) among people receiving HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing in a hospital in Kinshasa, and its association with socio-demographics, behaviors and HIV status. METHODOLOGY Case-control study (2010-2012). Two-hundred and seventy-four cases with a new HIV+ test and 1,340 controls with an HIV- test were interviewed about HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, including FSI. RESULTS Thirty-four percent of the participants declared having had FSI (38% of women and 32% of men). Being a woman, aged 25-49 and reporting multiple sexual partners were associated with reporting FSI. For men, being single was protective against FSI; and cohabiting, having a high socioeconomic status, and alcohol consumption increased the odds. For women, being single, divorced/separated and widow was associated with reporting FSI. A significant positive association was found between FSI and an HIV positive test. CONCLUSION Among our Congolese population, FSI was strongly associated with HIV infection and it was also associated with alcohol consumption and multiple sexual partnerships, other key HIV determinants. These behaviors need to be identified as potential risk factors of FSI during counseling interventions. Researchers, practitioners and decision-makers should work together to get violence prevention integrated into health, social and educational policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Burgueño
- CEFA-Monkole, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- School of Medicine, University of Mwene-Ditu, Mwene-Ditu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Silvia Carlos
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Cristina Lopez-Del Burgo
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Osorio
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Stozek
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adolphe Ndarabu
- Monkole Hospital, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Philémon Muamba
- School of Law and Politics, Catholic University of Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Jokin De Irala
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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