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Fan H, Sievert W, Hofmann J, Keppler SJ, Steiger K, Puig-Bosch X, Haller B, Rammes G, Multhoff G. Partial-Brain Radiation-Induced Microvascular Cognitive Impairment in Juvenile Murine Unilateral Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 112:747-758. [PMID: 34619330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced cognitive deficits have a severe negative impact on pediatric brain tumor patients. The severity of cognitive symptoms is related to the age of the child when radiation was applied, with the most severe effects seen in the youngest. Previous studies using whole-brain irradiation in mice confirmed these findings. To understand ipsilateral and contralateral changes in the hippocampus after partial-brain radiation therapy (PBRT) of the left hemisphere, we assessed the neuroplasticity and changes in the microvasculature of the irradiated and nonirradiated hippocampus in juvenile mice. METHODS AND MATERIALS The left hemispheres of 5-week-old mice were irradiated with 2, 8, and 20 Gy and a fractionated dose of 8 Gy in 2 fractions using a computed tomography image guided small animal radiation research platform. Long-term potentiation (LTP) has been monitored ex vivo in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region and was assessed 3 days and 5 and 10 weeks after PBRT in both hemispheres and compared to a sham group. Irradiation effects on the hippocampus microvasculature were quantified by efficient tissue clearing and multiorgan volumetric imaging. RESULTS LTP in irradiated hippocampal slices of juvenile mice declines 3 days after radiation, lasts up to 10 weeks in the irradiated part of the hippocampus, and correlates with a significantly reduced microvasculature length. Specifically, LTP inhibition is sustained in the irradiated (20 Gy, 8 Gy in 2 fractions, 8 Gy, 2 Gy) hippocampus, whereas the contralateral hippocampus remains unaffected after PBRT. LTP inhibition in the irradiated hemisphere after PBRT might be associated with an impaired microvascular network. CONCLUSION PBRT induces a long-lasting impairment in neuroplasticity and the microvessel network of the irradiated hippocampus, whereas the contralateral hippocampus remains unaffected. These findings provide insight into the design of PBRT strategies to better protect the young developing brain from cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Wolfgang Sievert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Julian Hofmann
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar; Inflammation and Immunity Lab, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Selina J Keppler
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar; Inflammation and Immunity Lab, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Katja Steiger
- Comparative Experimental Pathology, Institute Pathology
| | - Xènia Puig-Bosch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar; Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, TranslaTUM, Klinikum rechts der Isar.
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Garrett L, Ung MC, Einicke J, Zimprich A, Fenzl F, Pawliczek D, Graw J, Dalke C, Hölter SM. Complex Long-term Effects of Radiation on Adult Mouse Behavior. Radiat Res 2021; 197:67-77. [PMID: 34237145 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00281.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that a single radiation event (0.063, 0.125 or 0.5 Gy, 0.063 Gy/min) in adult mice (age 10 weeks) can have delayed dose-dependent effects on locomotor behavior 18 months postirradiation. The highest dose (0.5 Gy) reduced, whereas the lowest dose (0.063 Gy) increased locomotor activity at older age independent of sex or genotype. In the current study we investigated whether higher doses administered at a higher dose rate (0.5, 1 or 2 Gy, 0.3 Gy/min) at the same age (10 weeks) cause stronger or earlier effects on a range of behaviors, including locomotion, anxiety, sensorimotor and cognitive behavior. There were clear dose-dependent effects on spontaneous locomotor and exploratory activity, anxiety-related behavior, body weight and affiliative social behavior independent of sex or genotype of wild-type and Ercc2S737P heterozygous mice on a mixed C57BL/6JG and C3HeB/FeJ background. In addition, smaller genotype- and dose-dependent radiation effects on working memory were evident in males, but not in females. The strongest dose-dependent radiation effects were present 4 months postirradiation, but only effects on affiliative social behaviors persisted until 12 months postirradiation. The observed radiation-induced behavioral changes were not related to alterations in the eye lens, as 4 months postirradiation anterior and posterior parts of the lens were still normal. Overall, we did not find any sensitizing effect of the mutation towards radiation effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Garrett
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marie-Claire Ung
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Einicke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Zimprich
- Technical University Munich, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Felix Fenzl
- Technical University Munich, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
| | - Daniel Pawliczek
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Graw
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Dalke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technical University Munich, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany
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Dose Fractionation During Puberty Is More Detrimental to Mammary Gland Development Than an Equivalent Acute Dose of Radiation Exposure. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 109:1521-1532. [PMID: 33232771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Computed tomographic (CT) scans in adolescents have increased dramatically in recent years. However, the effects of cumulative low-dose exposures on the development of radiation sensitive organs, such as the mammary gland, is unknown. The purpose of this work was to define the effects of dose rate on mammary organ formation during puberty, an especially sensitive window in mammary development. We used a fractionated low-dose x-ray exposure to mimic multiple higher dose CT scans, and we hypothesized that fractionated exposure would have less of an effect on the number of mammary gland defects compared with an acute exposure. METHODS AND MATERIALS Female mice were subjected to fractionated low-dose x-ray exposure (10 cGy/d for 5 days), acute x-ray exposure (1 × 50 cGy), or sham exposure. As the wide genetic diversity in humans can play a role in a person's response to irradiation, 2 genetically diverse mouse strains differing in radiation sensitivity (BALB/c-sensitive; C57BL/6-resistant) were used to investigate the role of genetic background on the magnitude of the effect. RESULTS Unexpectedly, our data reveal that multiple low-dose exposures produce greater immune and mammary defects for weeks after exposure compared with controls. The most pronounced defects being increased ductal branching in both strains and a greater percentage of terminal end buds in the BALB/c strain of mice exposed to fractionated radiation compared with sham. Radiation-induced defects near the terminal end bud were also increased in both strains. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that fractionated low-dose exposures are potentially more damaging to organ development compared with an equivalent, single acute exposure and that genetic background is an important parameter modifying the severity of these effects.
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Dobrzyńska MM, Gajowik A, Jankowska-Steifer EA, Radzikowska J, Tyrkiel EJ. Reproductive and developmental F1 toxicity following exposure of pubescent F0 male mice to bisphenol A alone and in a combination with X-rays irradiation. Toxicology 2018; 410:142-151. [PMID: 30321649 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants may affect reproduction and development of subsequent generations. This study was aimed at determining the male-mediated F1 effects induced following 8-weeks of subchronic exposure of F0 male mice to bisphenol A (BPA) alone and in a combination with X-rays irradiation (IR) started during their puberty. 4.5 weeks old F0 male mice were exposed to BPA dissolved in ethyl alcohol and diluted in drinking water at the following doses: 5 mg/kg bw, 10 mg/kg bw, 20 mg/kg bw or irradiated with X-rays (0.05 Gy) or exposed to a combination of low doses of both agents (0.05 Gy + 5 mg/kg bw BPA). Immediately after the end of the 8 weeks exposure F0 males were caged with two unexposed females each. Three quarters of the mated females from each group were sacrificed 1 day before expected parturition for examination of prenatal development of the offspring. The remainder of the females from each group were allowed to deliver and rear litters. Pups of exposed males were monitored for postnatal development for 8 weeks. At 8-9 weeks of age 6-8 males from each group of F1 generation were sacrificed to determine sperm count and quality. The current results, compared to the earlier results, showed that exposure of pubescent males to BPA alone or in combination with irradiation may be more damaging to their offspring than the exposure of adult males. The exposure of pubescent males to BPA alone and in combination with irradiation significantly increased the frequency of abnormal skeletons of surviving fetuses, increased the percent of mortality of pups in the F1 generation, reduced the sperm motility of F1 males and may induce obesity. Additionally, the combined BPA and irradiation exposure reduced the number of total and live implantations, whereas the exposure to BPA alone disturbed the male:female sex ratio. The above results may be caused by genetic or by epigenetic mechanisms. Limitation of use of products including BPA, especially by children and teenagers, is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M Dobrzyńska
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta Gajowik
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa A Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chałubińskiego Street, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Radzikowska
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa J Tyrkiel
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
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Dalke C, Neff F, Bains SK, Bright S, Lord D, Reitmeir P, Rößler U, Samaga D, Unger K, Braselmann H, Wagner F, Greiter M, Gomolka M, Hornhardt S, Kunze S, Kempf SJ, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Wurst W, Rosemann M, Azimzadeh O, Tapio S, Aubele M, Theis F, Hoeschen C, Slijepcevic P, Kadhim M, Atkinson M, Zitzelsberger H, Kulka U, Graw J. Lifetime study in mice after acute low-dose ionizing radiation: a multifactorial study with special focus on cataract risk. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2018; 57:99-113. [PMID: 29327260 PMCID: PMC5902533 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-017-0728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing application of ionizing radiation in medicine, quantitative data on effects of low-dose radiation are needed to optimize radiation protection, particularly with respect to cataract development. Using mice as mammalian animal model, we applied a single dose of 0, 0.063, 0.125 and 0.5 Gy at 10 weeks of age, determined lens opacities for up to 2 years and compared it with overall survival, cytogenetic alterations and cancer development. The highest dose was significantly associated with increased body weight and reduced survival rate. Chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells showed a dose-dependent increase 12 months after irradiation. Pathological screening indicated a dose-dependent risk for several types of tumors. Scheimpflug imaging of the lens revealed a significant dose-dependent effect of 1% of lens opacity. Comparison of different biological end points demonstrated long-term effects of low-dose irradiation for several biological end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dalke
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Neff
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Present Address: Municipal Clinical Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Savneet Kaur Bains
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
- Present Address: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Scott Bright
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Present Address: University of Texas, MD Anderson, Houston, TX USA
| | - Deborah Lord
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Reitmeir
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ute Rößler
- Department Radiation Protection and Health, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Samaga
- Department Radiation Protection and Health, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
- Present Address: Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Herbert Braselmann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Wagner
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Medical Radiation Physics and Diagnostics, Neuherberg, Germany
- Present Address: Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Greiter
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Medical Radiation Physics and Diagnostics, Neuherberg, Germany
- Present Address: Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Individual Monitoring Service, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Gomolka
- Department Radiation Protection and Health, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Hornhardt
- Department Radiation Protection and Health, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Kunze
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan J. Kempf
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Present Address: Department of Bioanalytical Sciences, CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M. Hölter
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Soile Tapio
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Aubele
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Theis
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Computational Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoeschen
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Medical Radiation Physics and Diagnostics, Neuherberg, Germany
- Present Address: Chair of Medical Systems Technology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Munira Kadhim
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Atkinson
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- Department Radiation Protection and Health, Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Graw
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Knutsen PM, Mateo C, Kleinfeld D. Precision mapping of the vibrissa representation within murine primary somatosensory cortex. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0351. [PMID: 27574305 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to form an accurate map of sensory input to the brain is an essential aspect of interpreting functional brain signals. Here, we consider the somatotopic map of vibrissa-based touch in the primary somatosensory (vS1) cortex of mice. The vibrissae are represented by a Manhattan-like grid of columnar structures that are separated by inter-digitating septa. The development, dynamics and plasticity of this organization is widely used as a model system. Yet, the exact anatomical position of this organization within the vS1 cortex varies between individual mice. Targeting of a particular column in vivo therefore requires prior mapping of the activated cortical region, for instance by imaging the evoked intrinsic optical signal (eIOS) during vibrissa stimulation. Here, we describe a procedure for constructing a complete somatotopic map of the vibrissa representation in the vS1 cortex using eIOS. This enables precise targeting of individual cortical columns. We found, using C57BL/6 mice, that although the precise location of the columnar field varies between animals, the relative spatial arrangement of the columns is highly preserved. This finding enables us to construct a canonical somatotopic map of the vibrissae in the vS1 cortex. In particular, the position of any column, in absolute anatomical coordinates, can be established with near certainty when the functional representations in the vS1 cortex for as few as two vibrissae have been mapped with eIOS.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interpreting BOLD: a dialogue between cognitive and cellular neuroscience'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per M Knutsen
- Department of Physics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Celine Mateo
- Department of Physics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA Section of Neurobiology, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Zhang SB, Yang S, Zhang Z, Zhang A, Zhang M, Yin L, Casey-Sawicki K, Swarts S, Vidyasagar S, Zhang L, Okunieff P. Thoracic gamma irradiation-induced obesity in C57BL/6 female mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:1334-1342. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1385871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven B. Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shanmin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhenhuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Amy Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Liangjie Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katherine Casey-Sawicki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Steven Swarts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sadasivan Vidyasagar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul Okunieff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Suman S, Kumar S, Fornace AJ, Datta K. Space radiation exposure persistently increased leptin and IGF1 in serum and activated leptin-IGF1 signaling axis in mouse intestine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31853. [PMID: 27558773 PMCID: PMC4997262 DOI: 10.1038/srep31853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Travel into outer space is fraught with risk of exposure to energetic heavy ion radiation such as 56Fe ions, which due to its high linear energy transfer (high-LET) characteristics deposits higher energy per unit volume of tissue traversed and thus more damaging to cells relative to low-LET radiation such as γ rays. However, estimates of human health risk from energetic heavy ion exposure are hampered due to lack of tissue specific in vivo molecular data. We investigated long-term effects of 56Fe radiation on adipokines and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling axis in mouse intestine and colon. Six- to eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1.6 Gy of 56Fe ions. Serum and tissues were collected up to twelve months post-irradiation. Serum was analyzed for leptin, adiponectin, IGF1, and IGF binding protein 3. Receptor expressions and downstream signaling pathway alterations were studied in tissues. Irradiation increased leptin and IGF1 levels in serum, and IGF1R and leptin receptor expression in tissues. When considered along with upregulated Jak2/Stat3 pathways and cell proliferation, our data supports the notion that space radiation exposure is a risk to endocrine alterations with implications for chronic pathophysiologic changes in gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Suman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular &Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular &Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular &Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular &Cellular Biology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Moon JY, Shin HJ, Son HH, Lee J, Jung U, Jo SK, Kim HS, Kwon KH, Park KH, Chung BC, Choi MH. Metabolic changes in serum steroids induced by total-body irradiation of female C57B/6 mice. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 141:52-9. [PMID: 24462676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The short- and long-term effects of a single exposure to gamma radiation on steroid metabolism were investigated in mice. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to generate quantitative profiles of serum steroid levels in mice that had undergone total-body irradiation (TBI) at doses of 0Gy, 1Gy, and 4Gy. Following TBI, serum samples were collected at the pre-dose time point and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after TBI. Serum levels of progestins, progesterone, 5β-DHP, 5α-DHP, and 20α-DHP showed a significant down-regulation following short-term exposure to 4Gy, with the exception of 20α-DHP, which was significantly decreased at each of the time points measured. The corticosteroids 5α-THDOC and 5α-DHB were significantly elevated at each of the time points measured after exposure to either 1 or 4Gy. Among the sterols, 24S-OH-cholestoerol showed a dose-related elevation after irradiation that reached significance in the high dose group at the 6- and 9-month time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Moon
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-June Shin
- Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hwa Son
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongae Lee
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Uhee Jung
- Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Kee Jo
- Radiation Biotechnology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kim
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Kwon
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hwan Park
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Chul Chung
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
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Huang H, Liu J, Feng Y, Chen W. The distribution of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Chinese civil aircrews, and a possible risk factor to their overweight and dyslipidemia is cumulative flight time. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 416:36-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Vallejo D, Hidalgo MA. Growth variations in OF1 mice following chronic exposure of parental and filial generations to a 15 μT, 50 Hz magnetic field. Electromagn Biol Med 2012; 31:19-33. [PMID: 22240077 DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2011.620203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The growth of a first filial generation (F1) of OF1 mice was studied following chronic exposure of their mothers and themselves to a magnetic field of 15 μT (rms) and 50 Hz. The parental generation (F0) remained for 98 days in this field, after that time they were mated, went through pregnancy, birth, lactation, and the weaning of their offspring in this field. The latter remained exposed to this field until reaching adulthood (220 days). Control animals were treated in the same way but were exposed only to the Earth's magnetic field. The growth data for the offspring were analyzed using a generalization of Koop's equation. Using this model, four phases were identified: lactation growth acceleration, post-weaning growth acceleration, growth stabilization, and a stationary phase. Exposure to the artificial magnetic field was associated with a marked increase in maximum growth rate in the exposed animals during the post-weaning growth acceleration phase, and with a reduction in mass gain in the F1 mice (especially in males) during the third of these phases. In addition, the growth stabilization phase was more extended in exposed females and shorter in exposed males than in the control animals. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were seen between the mean body masses of exposed and control F1 males from 49-123 days. Exposure to the artificial magnetic field might have been associated with the stimulated growth rate seen over the noticeably shortened second and third growth phases (leaving these animals lighter by the stationary phase compared to controls) and a possible acceleration of aging. Both processes could be responsible for the stationary phase being reached at an earlier age, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vallejo
- Departament of Physiology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
To test whether transgenic Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) expression in C57BL/6 mouse lymphocytes causes lymphoma, EBNA1 expressed in three FVB lineages at two or three times the level of latent infection was crossed up to six successive times into C57BL/6J mice. After five or six crosses, 14/36, (38%) EBNA1 transgenic mice, 11/31 (36%) littermate EBNA1-negative controls, and 9/25 (36%) inbred C57BL/6J mice housed in the same facility had lymphoma. These data indicate that EBNA1 does not significantly increase lymphoma prevalence in C57BL/6J mice.
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