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Pastore C, Barca E, Del Moro G, Di Iaconi C, Loos M, Singer HP, Mascolo G. Comparison of different types of landfill leachate treatments by employment of nontarget screening to identify residual refractory organics and principal component analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:984-994. [PMID: 29710620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three different chemical oxidation processes were investigated in terms of their capability to degrade organic chemical components of real mature landfill-leachate in combination with biological treatment run in a Sequencing Batch Biofilter Granular Reactor (SBBGR). H2O2, H2O2 + UV and O3 were integrated with SBBGR and respective effluents were analyzed and compared with the effluent obtained from biological SBBGR treatment alone. In agreement with their respective oxidative power, conventional bulk parameters (residual COD, TOC, Ntot, TSS) determined from the resulting effluents evidenced the following efficacy ranking for degradation: SBBGR/O3 > SBBGR/UV + H2O2 > SBBGR/H2O2 > SBBGR. A more detailed characterization of the organic compounds was subsequently carried out for the four treated streams. For this, effluents were first subjected to a sample preparation step, allowing for a classification in terms of acidic, basic, strongly acidic and strongly basic compounds, and finally to analysis by liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HR-MS). This classification, combined with further data post-processing (non-target screening, Venn Diagram, tri-dimensional plot and Principal Component Analysis), evidenced that the SBBGR/H2O2 process is comparable to the pure biological oxidation. In contrast, SBBGR/O3 and SBBGR/UV + H2O2 not only resulted in a very different residual composition as compared to SBBGR and SBBGR/H2O2, but also differ significantly from each other. In fact, and despite of the SBBGR/O3 being the most efficient process, this treatment remained chemically more similar to SBBGR/H2O2 than to SBBGR/UV + H2O2. This finding may be attributable to different mechanism of degradation involved with the use of UV radiation. Apart from these treatment differences, a series of recalcitrant compounds was determined in all of the four treatments and partly identified as hetero-poly-aromatic species (humic acids-like species).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pastore
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - E Barca
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - G Del Moro
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - C Di Iaconi
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - M Loos
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 DÜbendorf, Switzerland
| | - H P Singer
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 DÜbendorf, Switzerland
| | - G Mascolo
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
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Baiju A, Gandhimathi R, Ramesh ST, Nidheesh PV. Combined heterogeneous Electro-Fenton and biological process for the treatment of stabilized landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 210:328-337. [PMID: 29367141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of stabilized landfill leachate is a great challenge due to its poor biodegradability. Present study made an attempt to treat this wastewater by combining electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) and biological process. E-Fenton treatment was applied prior to biological process to enhance the biodegradability of leachate, which will be beneficial for the subsequent biological process. This study also investigates the efficiency of iron molybdophosphate (FeMoPO) nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst in E-Fenton process. The effects of initial pH, catalyst dosage, applied voltage and electrode spacing on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency were analyzed to determine the optimum conditions. Heterogeneous E-Fenton process gave 82% COD removal at pH 2, catalyst dosage of 50 mg/L, voltage 5 V, electrode spacing 3 cm and electrode area 25 cm2. Combined E-Fenton and biological treatment resulted an overall COD removal of 97%, bringing down the final COD to 192 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archa Baiju
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Thuvakudi, Tamil Nadu, 620 015, India
| | - R Gandhimathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Thuvakudi, Tamil Nadu, 620 015, India.
| | - S T Ramesh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Thuvakudi, Tamil Nadu, 620 015, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440020, India.
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Liu Y, Sun W, Du B, Liu J. The Physical Clogging of the Landfill Leachate Collection System in China: Based on Filtration Test and Numerical Modelling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020318. [PMID: 29439538 PMCID: PMC5858387 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Clogging of the leachate collection system (LCS) has been a common operation problem in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in China, which can result in high water levels that threaten the safety of landfill operations. To determine the cause of failure in an LCS, raw leachate from a municipal solid waste transfer station was collected and the high content of particulate matter was characterized. Based on the parameters obtained in a filtration test, a numerical simulation was performed to estimate the influence of particle deposition on drainage system clogging. The results showed that LCSs were confronted with the risk of clogging due to the deposition of particulate matter resulting from the higher concentration of total suspended solids (TSS level > 2200 mg L−1) and larger particle size (>30% TSS particles > 15 μm) in the leachate. On one hand, the non-woven geotextile, as the upper layer of the LCS, retained most particulate matter of large diameters, reducing its hydraulic conductivity to approximately 10−8 to 10−9 m s−1 after 1–2 years of operation and perching significant leachate above it (0.6–0.7 m). On the other hand, the geotextile prevented the gravel layer from physically clogging and minimized the leachate head above the bottom liner. Therefore, the role of geotextile should be balanced to optimize the LCS in MSW landfills in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Liu
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Weixin Sun
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Bing Du
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Jaseela C, Prabhakar K, Harikumar PSP. Application of GIS and DRASTIC Modeling for Evaluation of Groundwater Vulnerability near a Solid Waste Disposal Site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2016.74043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Qin H, Chen H. Pretreatment of concentrated leachate by the combination of coagulation and catalytic ozonation with Ce/AC catalyst. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:511-519. [PMID: 26877032 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A raw concentrated leachate produced from membrane bioreactor-nanofiltration (MBR-NF) was taken from Chengdu Chang'an Waste Landfill Site, China. The major fraction of this concentrated leachate was large refractory humic substances. A coagulation-ozonation process was applied to treat this leachate, aiming at enhancing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and increasing its biodegradability. Meanwhile the molecular size distribution of the leachate, before and after coagulation and ozonation treatment, was analyzed by using ultrafiltration membrane separation. Coagulation pretreatment effectively removed varieties of large molecules in the raw concentrated leachate. The addition of Ce/AC greatly improved the oxidative ability of O3 in COD removal in the ozonation of coagulated leachate. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/COD ratio increased from 0.011 for the untreated concentrated leachate to 0.30 for the effluent of the coagulation-catalytic ozonation process, which indicated that a subsequent biological treatment could be readily conducted. The stability test demonstrated that the Ce/AC catalyst was effective and stable in the catalytic ozonation process. According to the results of molecular size distribution analysis, a direct correlation was observed between the increase of BOD5/COD and the decrease of apparent molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangdao Qin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China E-mail:
| | - Honglin Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Kuusik A, Pachel K, Kuusik A, Loigu E, Tang WZ. Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration of biologically treated leachate. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:2416-2426. [PMID: 25145196 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.908241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Experiments of nano-filtration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) were conducted to remove most pollutants from the biological treated leachate. For example, the purified permeate after reverse osmosis treatment with spiral membranes reached effluent water quality as follows: COD of 57 mg O2/l, BOD7 of 35 mg O2/l, and suspended solid of 1 mg/l which satisfies the discharge standards in Estonia. For both RO and NF, conductivity can be reduced by 91% from 6.06 to 0.371 mS/cm by RO and 99% from 200 to 1 mS/cm by NF. To test the service life of the RO spiral membranes, the process was able to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) of biologically treated leachate by 97.9% and 93.2% even after 328 and 586 hours, respectively. However, only 39.0% and 21.7% reductions of Ptot and Ntot were achieved. As a result, neither RO (spiral membranes process) nor NF was able to reduce the total nitrogen (TN) to the required discharge limit of 15 mg/l.
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Eldyasti A, Andalib M, Hafez H, Nakhla G, Zhu J. Comparative modeling of biological nutrient removal from landfill leachate using a circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (CFBBR). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 187:140-149. [PMID: 21255923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Steady state operational data from a pilot scale circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (CFBBR) during biological treatment of landfill leachate, at empty bed contact times (EBCTs) of 0.49, and 0.41 d and volumetric nutrients loading rates of 2.2-2.6 kg COD/(m(3)d), 0.7-0.8 kg N/(m(3)d), and 0.014-0.016 kg P/(m(3)d), was used to calibrate and compare developed process models in BioWin(®) and AQUIFAS(®). BioWin(®) and AQUIFAS(®) were both capable of predicting most of the performance parameters such as effluent TKN, NH(4)-N, NO(3)-N, TP, PO(4)-P, TSS, and VSS with an average percentage error (APE) of 0-20%. BioWin(®) underpredicted the effluent BOD and SBOD values for various runs by 80% while AQUIFAS(®) predicted effluent BOD and SBOD with an APE of 50%. Although both calibrated models, confirmed the advantages of the CFBBR technology in treating the leachate of high volumetric loading and low biomass yields due to the long solid retention time (SRT), both BioWin(®) and AQUIFAS(®) predicted the total biomass and SRT of CFBBR based on active biomass only, whereas in the CFBBR runs both active as well as inactive biomass accumulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eldyasti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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Eldyasti A, Chowdhury N, Nakhla G, Zhu J. Biological nutrient removal from leachate using a pilot liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (LSCFB). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 181:289-297. [PMID: 20510504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment of landfill leachate is a concern due to toxicity, high ammonia, low biodegradable organic matter concentrations, and low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. To study the reliability and commercial viability of leachate treatment using an integrated liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (LSCFB), a pilot-scale LSCFB was established at the Adelaide Pollution Control Plant, London, Ontario, Canada. Anoxic and aerobic columns were used to optimize carbon and nutrient removal capability from leachate using 600 microm lava rock with a total porosity of 61%, at empty bed contact times (EBCTs) of 0.55, 0.49, and 0.41 d. The LSCFB achieved COD, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal efficiencies of 85%, 80%, and 70%, respectively at a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 3:1 and nutrients loading rates of 2.15 kg COD/(m(3) d), 0.70 kg N/(m(3) d), and 0.014 kg P/(m(3) d), as compared with 60-77% COD and 70-79% nitrogen removal efficiencies achieved by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and moving bed bioreactor (MBBR), respectively. The LSCFB effluent characterized by <or=35 mg SBOD/L, <35 mg NH(4)-N/L, <1.0 mg PO(4)-P/L, and 37 mg VSS/L can easily meet sewer by-law requirements. Remarkably low yields of 0.13, 0.15, and 0.16 g VSS/g COD were observed at long biological solids retention times (SRTs) of 31, 38 and 44 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eldyasti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Foo KY, Hameed BH. An overview of landfill leachate treatment via activated carbon adsorption process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 171:54-60. [PMID: 19577363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity and pollution rank equal to climate change as the most urgent environmental issue for the 21st century. To date, the percolation landfill leachate into the groundwater tables and aquifer systems which poses a potential risk and potential hazards towards the public health and ecosystems, remains an aesthetic concern and consideration abroad the nations. Arising from the steep enrichment of globalization and metropolitan growth, numerous mitigating approaches and imperative technologies have currently drastically been addressed and confronted. Confirming the assertion, this paper presents a state of art review of leachate treatment technologies, its fundamental background studies, and environmental implications. Moreover, the key advance of activated carbons adsorption, its major challenges together with the future expectation are summarized and discussed. Conclusively, the expanding of activated carbons adsorption represents a potentially viable and powerful tool, leading to the superior improvement of environmental conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Foo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Li R, Yue D, Liu J, Nie Y. Size fractionation of organic matter and heavy metals in raw and treated leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 29:2527-2533. [PMID: 19482464 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized the organic matter and heavy metals in the leachate from two typical municipal solid waste (MSW) sanitary landfills in China, the recently established (3-year-old) Liulitun landfill and the mature (11-year-old) Beishenshu landfill, using a size fractionation procedure. The organic matter of all raw and treated leachate samples primarily existed in a truly-dissolved fraction with an apparent molecular weight (AMW) of <1 kDa, and its percentage decreased with an increase in overall AMW. The leachate from the newer landfill had a higher percentage of truly-dissolved organic matter. After anaerobic treatment, this leachate had a similar size fraction of organic matter to that seen for the raw leachate of the mature landfill. Biochemical processes had different removal efficiencies for various types of AMW organic matter, and the concentration of moderate AMW organic matter appeared to increase throughout these processes. Most of the heavy metals existed in a colloidal fraction (AMW >1 kDa and particle size <0.45 microm). The behaviors of different species of heavy metals had large variations. The size fractions of heavy metal species were significantly affected by treatment processes and landfill age, except for Zn. The concentration ratio of heavy metals to organic matter was maximal in the colloidal fraction and showed an inverse change to that seen for organic matter concentration changes caused by biochemical processes. Consequently, the pollution levels of heavy metals were substantially increased by treatment processes, although their concentrations decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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11
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Hermosilla D, Cortijo M, Huang CP. Optimizing the treatment of landfill leachate by conventional Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:3473-3481. [PMID: 19278717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Landfill, a matured and economically appealing technology, is the ultimate approach for the management of municipal solid wastes. However, the inevitable generation of leachate from landfill requires further treatment. Among the various leachate treatment technologies available, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are among powerful methods to deal with the refractory organic constituents, and the Fenton reagent has evolved as one promising AOPs for the treatment of leachates. Particularly, the combination of UV-radiation with Fenton's reagent has been reported to be a method that allows both the photo-regeneration of Fe(2+) and photo-decarboxylation of ferric carboxylates. In this study, Fenton and photo-Fenton processes were fine tuned for the treatment of leachates from the Colmenar Viejo (Madrid, Spain) Landfill. Results showed that it is possible to define a set of conditions under which the same COD and TOC removals (approximately 70%) could be achieved with both the conventional and photo-Fenton processes. But Fenton process generated an important quantity of iron sludge, which will require further disposal, when performed under optimal COD removal conditions. Furthermore conventional Fenton process was able to achieve slightly over an 80% COD removal from a "young" leachate, while for "old" and "mixed" leachates was close to a 70%. The main advantage showed by the photo-assisted Fenton treatment of landfill leachate was that it consumed 32 times less iron and produced 25 times less sludge volume yielding the same COD removal results than a conventional Fenton treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Hermosilla
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Sun WL, Liu TT, Cui F, Ni JR. Fluorescence evolution of leachates during treatment processes from two contrasting landfills. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2008; 29:1119-1125. [PMID: 18942579 DOI: 10.1080/09593330802217732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachates are composed of a complex mixture of organic matter, including a wide range of potentially fluorescent organic compounds. The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (FEEM) of leachates during treatment processes is investigated. Particular attention is paid to the fluorescence evolution of leachates during treatment processes. Two typical types of landfill, landfill A (a direct municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill) and landfill B (disposal of bottom ashes from MSW incinerators), in a city in Southern China were selected. The results show that two characteristic and intense excitation-emission peaks located at Ex/Em = 310-330 nm/395-410 nm (peak alpha) and Ex/Em = 250-260 nm/450-460 nm (peak alpha') are observed. As the aromatic chemicals, capable of emitting fluorescence, are more recalcitrant to biodegradation than aliphatic chemicals, enhancement of the dissolved organic carbon normalized fluorescence intensities is demonstrated during treatment processes of leachate A and leachate B. This is confirmed by the variation of ultraviolet absorptivity of leachates at 254 nm. Peak alpha' and peak alpha are attributed to a mixture of xenobiotic organic compounds with low molecular weight and relatively stable aromatic fulvic-like matters with high molecular weight, respectively. Humic substances are more resistant to biodegradation than xenobiotic organic compounds, so a significant reduction in the Ialpha'/Ialpha values (fluorescence intensity ratios of peak alpha' and peak a) of leachate A was observed during treatment processes. However, no evident variation for the Ialpha/Ialpha values of leachate B was found during treatment processes owing to the low concentrations of xenobiotic organic compounds in leachate B after incineration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
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Sang Y, Gu Q, Sun T, Li F, Pan Y. Analysis and Removal of Organic Pollutants in Biologically Treated Landfill Leachate by an Inorganic Flocculent Composite of Al(III)-Mg(II). Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1140:412-9. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1454.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Di Iaconi C, Ramadori R, Lopez A. Combined biological and chemical degradation for treating a mature municipal landfill leachate. Biochem Eng J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Xu YD, Yue DB, Zhu Y, Nie YF. Fractionation of dissolved organic matter in mature landfill leachate and its recycling by ultrafiltration and evaporation combined processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2006; 64:903-11. [PMID: 16510169 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Revised: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
XAD resin procedure was used to isolate dissolved organic matter (DOM) of a mature leachate collected from a municipal solid waste landfill in Beijing, China. The fulvic acids fraction dominated in collected leachate, accounting for 64% of DOM as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and a high concentration of humic substances (HS) with a value of 441 mg l(-1) was found in the leachate. Molecular size distribution of DOM was also done by using batch ultrafiltration (UF) technique. Two major parts of the molecules of DOM were distributed in the regions of smaller than 1 kDa and 1-3.5 kDa, containing 45% and 43% of DOM as DOC, respectively. The laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to investigate and to develop an overall concept for mature leachate recycling based on UF and evaporation combined processes. Separation factor (SF) was applied to evaluate separation efficiency of UF. The data indicate that SF is strongly correlated with concentration factor. Second retentate from two-stage UF contained relatively high amount of DOM comprising 91% of HS and an insignificant concentration of heavy metals. The SF value for two-stage UF was more than 10. These results demonstrate that two-stage UF could effectively separate and refine HS in mature leachate from inorganic components. For achieving the main requirements as a fertilizer product, second retentate was further concentrated by evaporation, and contents of organic matter and dry-solids were obtained 13 wt.% and 25 wt.%, respectively. This study confirmed the feasibility of recycling HS from mature leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China.
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16
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Wang F, Smith DW, Gamal El-Din M. Aged raw landfill leachate: membrane fractionation, O3 only and O3/H2O2 oxidation, and molecular size distribution analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2006; 40:463-74. [PMID: 16443255 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2003] [Revised: 02/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/15/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Large molecular refractory organic compounds (i.e., humic substances) were the major chemical oxygen demand (COD) components of aged raw landfill leachate. To investigate the behaviours of the large molecular refractory organic compounds when they were subjected to oxidation with ozone only (O3 only) and ozone combined with hydrogen peroxide (O3/H2O2), the aged raw landfill leachate first was filtered with 0.8 and 0.45 microm pore size filters in series, then was sequentially fractionated with 10,000 MWCO; 5000 MWCO; and 1000 MWCO membranes, and four samples were formed: 0.45 microm-10,000 Da; 10,000-5000 Da; 5000-1000 Da; and < 1000 Da. Mass distribution profiles of COD, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), colour and metals in the aged raw leachate were developed through mass balance. After membrane fractionation of the aged raw leachate, the metals were fractionated with the humic substances. Each fractionated sample as well as the aged raw leachate was oxidised with O3 only and O3/H2O2. The H2O2 enhanced the reduction of COD and colour; while, the BOD5 after O3 only was always higher than that of O3/H2O2. The addition of H2O2 improved the peak reduction of large molecules, but the effects of H2O2 on the fractions of 10,000-5000 Da and 5000-1000 Da were likely insignificant, which is in accordance with the COD results. No correlation was found between the BOD5 increase and the area of new peak formed after oxidation. However, the BOD5 of each sample after oxidation with O3 only was the logarithmic function of its total peak area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Wang
- Northern Region, Alberta Environment, 111 Twin Atria Building, 4999-98 Avenue, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6B 2X3.
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Uygur A, Kargi F. Biological nutrient removal from pre-treated landfill leachate in a sequencing batch reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2004; 71:9-14. [PMID: 15084355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2003] [Revised: 01/12/2004] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment of landfill leachate usually results in low nutrient removals because of high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high ammonium-N content and the presence of toxic compounds such as heavy metals. Landfill leachate with high COD content was pre-treated by coagulation-flocculation with lime followed by air stripping of ammonia at pH=12. Nutrient removal from pre-treated leachate was carried out using a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Three different operations consisting of different numbers of steps were tested and their performances were compared. These operations were the three-step anaerobic (An)/anoxic (Ax)/oxic (Ox); the four-step (An/Ox/Ax/Ox), and the five-step (An/Ax/Ox/Ax/Ox) operations with total residence time of seven hours each. Experiments were carried out using three consecutive operations with a total cycle time of 21 h at a constant sludge age of 10 days. The lowest effluent nutrient levels were realized by using the five-step operation which resulted in effluent COD, NH4-N and PO4-P contents of 1,400, 107 and 65 mg l(-1), respectively, at the end of 21 h. Addition of domestic wastewater (1/1, v/v) and powdered activated carbon (PAC, 1 g l(-1)) to the pre-treated leachate improved nutrient removals in the five-step SBR operation, resulting in 75% COD, 44% NH4-N and 44% PO4-P removals after 21 hours of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Uygur
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
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Repeated fed-batch biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by powdered activated carbon addition. Enzyme Microb Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2003.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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