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Vieira TDS, Freitas FV, Silva Neto LCB, Borçoi AR, Mendes SO, Olinda AS, Moreno IAA, Quaioto BR, de Souza MLM, Barbosa WM, Arpini JK, Sorroche BP, de Assis Pinheiro J, Archanjo AB, dos Santos JG, Arantes LMRB, de Oliveira DR, da Silva AMA. An industrialized diet as a determinant of methylation in the 1F region of the NR3C1 gene promoter. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1168715. [PMID: 38633601 PMCID: PMC11021719 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1168715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary composition can modify gene expression, favoring the development of chronic diseases via epigenetic mechanisms. Objective Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and NR3C1 gene methylation in users of the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS). Methods We recruited 250 adult volunteers and evaluated their socioeconomic status, psychosocial characteristics, lifestyle, and anthropometrics. Peripheral blood was collected and evaluated for cortisol levels, glycemia, lipid profile, and insulin resistance; methylation of CpGs 40-47 of the 1F region of the NR3C1 gene was also measured. Factors associated with degree of methylation were evaluated using generalized linear models (p < 0.05). Lifestyle variables and health variables were included as confounding factors. Results The findings of our cross-sectional study indicated an association between NR3C1 DNA methylation and intake of processed foods. We also observed relevant associations of average NR3C1 DNA across the segment analyzed, methylation in component 1 (40-43), and methylation in component 2 (44-47) with a pattern of consumption of industrialized products in relation to BMI, serum cortisol levels, and lipid profile. These results may indicate a relationship between methylation and metabolic changes related to the stress response. Conclusion These findings suggest an association of methylation and metabolic alterations with stress response. In addition, the present study highlights the significant role of diet quality as a stress-inducing factor that influences NR3C1 methylation. This relationship is further linked to changes in psychosocial factors, lifestyle choices, and cardiometabolic variables, including glucose levels, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires dos Santos Vieira
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aline Ribeiro Borçoi
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Sgrancio Olinda
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Ivana Alece Arantes Moreno
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Risse Quaioto
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner Miranda Barbosa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julia de Assis Pinheiro
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Anderson Barros Archanjo
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriana Madeira Alvares da Silva
- Program of Post-Graduation in Biotechnology/Renorbio, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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Hård Af Segerstad EM, Mramba LK, Liu X, Uusitalo U, Yang J, Norris J, Virtanen SM, Liu E, Kurppa K, Koletzko S, Ziegler AG, Toppari J, Rewers M, Akolkar B, Krischer JP, Aronsson CA, Agardh D. Associations of dietary patterns between age 9 and 24 months with risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease among children at increased risk. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:1099-1105. [PMID: 38044022 PMCID: PMC10925856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher gluten intake in childhood is associated with increased incidence of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) and celiac disease. It remains to be studied whether different dietary patterns independent of gluten intake contribute to the incidence. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore associations of dietary patterns by age 2 y with risk of CDA and celiac disease in genetically susceptible children. METHODS Data was used from 6726 participants at genetic risk of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease enrolled in the observational cohort, The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Children were annually screened for tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGAs) from age 2 y. Principal component analysis extracted dietary patterns, based on intake of 27 food groups assessed by 3-d food records at age 9 to 24 mo. The primary outcome was CDA (i.e., persistently tTGA-positive in at least 2 consecutive samples), and the secondary outcome was celiac disease. During follow-up to mean age 11.0 (standard deviation 3.6) y, 1296 (19.3%) children developed CDA, and 529 (7.9%) were diagnosed with celiac disease. Associations of adherence to dietary patterns (per 5-unit increase) with the study outcomes were estimated by Cox regression models adjusted for risk factors including gluten intake. RESULTS At age 9 mo, a dietary pattern higher in the food groups vegetable fats and milk was associated with reduced risk of CDA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 0.98; P = 0.02). At 24 mo, a dietary pattern higher in the food groups wheat, vegetable fats, and juices, and lower in milk, meat, and oats at age 24 mo was associated with increased risk of CDA (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.33; P < 0.001) and celiac disease (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.50; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Dietary patterns in early childhood are associated with risk of CDA and celiac disease in genetically predisposed children, independent of gluten intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lazarus K Mramba
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Informatics Institute, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Informatics Institute, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ulla Uusitalo
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Informatics Institute, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jimin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Informatics Institute, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jill Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Suvi M Virtanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Edwin Liu
- Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kalle Kurppa
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; The University Consortium of Seinäjoki, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Annette G Ziegler
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Bayern, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marian Rewers
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Beena Akolkar
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Krischer
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Informatics Institute, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Daniel Agardh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Senekal M, Nel JH, Eksteen G, Steyn NP. Dietary Patterns, Socio-Demographic Predictors Thereof, and Associations of Dietary Patterns with Stunting and Overweight/Obesity in 1-<10-Year-Old Children in Two Economically Active Provinces in South Africa. Nutrients 2023; 15:4136. [PMID: 37836420 PMCID: PMC10574062 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A review of the literature showed that there were only a few studies that reported on the dietary patterns of children in South Africa. The aim of the present study was to characterise the dietary patterns of children aged 1-<10 years who were studied during the Provincial Dietary Intake Survey (PDIS) in 2018 and to investigate the socio-demographic predictors thereof, as well as the associations with stunting and overweight/obesity. Dietary pattern analysis was conducted within three age groups, namely 1-<3-year-olds, 3-<6-year-olds, and 6-<10-year-olds using iterated principal factor analysis with varimax rotation and 24 h recall data from the PDIS. The dietary patterns that emerged seem to be far from ideal. Energy-dense, nutrient-poor patterns were included in the top three strongest patterns in all three age groupings that were investigated. Few of the dietary patterns included vegetables other than starchy vegetables, fruit, dairy, quality proteins, and unrefined carbohydrates. There were no associations between any of the dietary patterns and stunting or overweight/obesity in the children. Key predictors of greater adherence to the mostly unhealthy patterns included indicators of a higher socio-economic status in all three age groups, as well as having an obese mother in the 6-<10-year-old group. Key predictors of greater adherence to the mostly healthy patterns were a higher wealth index and having an obese mother in the two younger groups, with no predictors in the 6-<10-year-old group. We conclude that the dietary patterns of children in the Western Cape contain strong elements of the energy-dense, nutrient-poor dietary patterns. Interventions to improve the dietary intake of children should be directed at both poorer and higher income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjanne Senekal
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Johanna H. Nel
- Department of Logistics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa;
| | - Gabriel Eksteen
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Nelia P. Steyn
- Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
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Grili PPDF, Vidigal CV, Cruz GFD, Albergaria BH, Marques-Rocha JL, Pereira TSS, Guandalini VR. Nutrient Patterns and Risk of Osteopenia in Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071670. [PMID: 37049510 PMCID: PMC10096860 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient patterns (NPs) and the synergistic effect between nutrients have been shown to be associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD). This study aimed to identify NPs and to associate them with BMD categories in postmenopausal women. This cross-sectional, observational, analytical study was carried out with women in menopause for at least 12 months, aged ≥50 years. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables were investigated. BMD was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. A dietary assessment was conducted using a food frequency questionnaire, and three nutrient patterns (NP1, NP2, and NP3) were extracted from the principal component analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between BMD classifications and NP consumption. A total of 124 women, aged on average, 66.8 ± 6.1 years, were evaluated. Of these, 41.9% had osteopenia and 36.3% had osteoporosis. The NP1 (OR: 6.64, [CI95%: 1.56-28.16]; p = 0.010), characterized by vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, phosphorus, riboflavin, protein (total and animal), vitamin B6, potassium, vitamin D, vitamin E, calcium, cholesterol, β-carotene, omega 3, magnesium, zinc, niacin, and selenium; and the NP2 (OR: 5.03, [CI95%: 1.25-20.32]; p = 0.023), characterized by iron, vegetable protein, thiamine, folate, fibers (soluble and insoluble), PUFA, vitamin A, vitamin K, alpha-tocopherol, copper, sodium, and retinol, was inversely associated with osteopenia. The lower consumption of NP1 and NP2 by postmenopausal women was associated with a higher risk of osteopenia, but not osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Paula da Fonseca Grili
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | - Camila Vilarinho Vidigal
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | - Geise Ferreira da Cruz
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Albergaria
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Marques-Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
| | | | - Valdete Regina Guandalini
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
- Department of Integrated Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29047-105, Brazil
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An Z, Zheng D, Wei D, Jiang D, Xing X, Liu C. Correlation between Acylcarnitine and Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:8115173. [PMID: 35224109 PMCID: PMC8872664 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8115173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is unknown whether acylcarnitine changes in the patient's plasma as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) occurs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between acylcarnitines and DPN in Chinese patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 508 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University were included in this study, and all of whom were hospitalized for T2DM from January 2018 to December 2020. The diagnostic criteria for DPN were based on the 2017 Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. The contents of 25 acylcarnitine metabolites in fasting blood were determined by mass spectrometry. The measured acylcarnitines were classified by factor analysis, and the factors were extracted. To determine the correlation between acylcarnitines and DPN, binary logistic regression analysis was applied. RESULTS Among the 508 T2DM patients, 270 had DPN. Six factors were extracted from 25 acylcarnitines, and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 61.02%. After the adjustment for other potential confounding factors, such as other carnitines and conventional risk factors, Factor 2 was positively associated with an increased risk of DPN (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13-1.69). Factor 2 contained acetylcarnitine (C2), propionylcarnitine (C3), butylcarnitine (C4), and isovalerylcarnitine (C5). CONCLUSIONS Plasma levels of short-chain acylcarnitines (C2, C3, C4, and C5) were positively associated with DPN risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni An
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
| | - Danmeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
| | - Dongzhuo Wei
- Department of Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110847, China
| | - Dingwen Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
| | - Xuejiao Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, 121001, China
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Mazenda A, Mushayanyama T. Analyzing Household Dietary Diversity Amongst Urban Food Insecure Households. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2021.1906818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrino Mazenda
- Faculty of Economic Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, School of Public Management and Administration, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tinashe Mushayanyama
- Faculty of Economic Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, School of Public Management and Administration, Pretoria, South Africa
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