1
|
Beausejour JP, Knowles KS, Wilson AT, Mangum LC, Hill EC, Hanney WJ, Wells AJ, Fukuda DH, Stout J, Stock MS. Innovations in the Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Health: A Glimpse into the Future. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:659-671. [PMID: 38198822 DOI: 10.1055/a-2242-3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ system in the human body and plays critical roles in athletic performance, mobility, and disease pathogenesis. Despite growing recognition of its importance by major health organizations, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding skeletal muscle health and its crosstalk with nearly every physiological system. Relevant public health challenges like pain, injury, obesity, and sarcopenia underscore the need to accurately assess skeletal muscle health and function. Feasible, non-invasive techniques that reliably evaluate metrics including muscle pain, dynamic structure, contractility, circulatory function, body composition, and emerging biomarkers are imperative to unraveling the complexities of skeletal muscle. Our concise review highlights innovative or overlooked approaches for comprehensively assessing skeletal muscle in vivo. We summarize recent advances in leveraging dynamic ultrasound imaging, muscle echogenicity, tensiomyography, blood flow restriction protocols, molecular techniques, body composition, and pain assessments to gain novel insight into muscle physiology from cellular to whole-body perspectives. Continued development of precise, non-invasive tools to investigate skeletal muscle are critical in informing impactful discoveries in exercise and rehabilitation science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Beausejour
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Kevan S Knowles
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Abigail T Wilson
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - L Colby Mangum
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Ethan C Hill
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - William J Hanney
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Adam J Wells
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - David H Fukuda
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - JeffreyR Stout
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Matt S Stock
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Youssef H, Gönül MN, Sobeeh MG, Akar K, Feys P, Cuypers K, Vural A. Is High-Intensity Interval Training More Effective Than Moderate Continuous Training in Rehabilitation of Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1545-1558. [PMID: 38199581 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to conduct meta-analysis to determine whether the high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol is more beneficial in improving outcome measures compared to moderate continuous training (MCT) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). It also aimed to systematically review the exercise protocols differences. DATA SOURCES A search strategy, locating HIIT in PwMS, was executed in six databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Central Cochrane, Pedro, and Ovid MEDLine. STUDY SELECTION Randomized control trials of HIIT utilizing cycle ergometer or recumbent stepper as exercise modalities were included in analysis. Intervention arms should include at least two intervention arms, including HIIT in one arm, and MCT in the other group. DATA EXTRACTION Data extracted from each study includes the following items: basic details of the study (such as author, date of publication, location, and study design), participant characteristics (sample size, mean age, sex, mean disease duration, and extended disability status scale), specifications of the HITT protocol (exercise modality, session duration, number of intervals/session, interval intensity, recovery intensity, recovery interval, and adverse effect), as well as primary outcomes at baseline and post-intervention (cardiorespiratory fitness, fatigue, body composition, cognitive functions, and blood biomarkers). DATA SYNTHESIS 22 studies included in the systematic review, 11 were included in random effects model pooled analysis. There was a significant effect in favor of HIIT for VO2max of cardiorespiratory functions compared to MCT (ES=0.45 95%, CI [0.14, 0.76], P=.004), and for memory domain of cognitive functions (ES=0.34 95% CI [0.05, 0.63], P=.02). Statistical significance was not achieved for the other variables. CONCLUSION HIIT and MCT yield similar results in terms of fatigue, body composition, cognitive functions, and blood biomarkers. However, VO2max of cardiorespiratory functions and memory domain of cognitive functions were in favor of HIIT protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Youssef
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye; Hasselt University, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Mine Nur Gönül
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye; University of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mohamed Gomaa Sobeeh
- Cairo University, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal and its surgeries, Giza, Egypt; Sinai University, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Orthopedics and Orthopedic Surgery, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Kardelen Akar
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Peter Feys
- Hasselt University, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Universitair MS Centrum Hasselt-Pelt, UMSC, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Hasselt University, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven-LBI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Atay Vural
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye; Koç University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rinaldo N, Pasini A, Straudi S, Piva G, Crepaldi A, Baroni A, Caruso L, Manfredini F, Lamberti N. Effects of Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Nutritional Approaches on Body Composition and Bone Density in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 37754965 PMCID: PMC10532597 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are affected by a wide range of disabilities, including a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and a worsening of body composition (BC), which negatively impact their quality of life quality. This study aims to analyze the effects of nonpharmacological interventions-in particular, physical activity, nutritional approaches, and rehabilitation-on BC and BMD in pwMS. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the updated version of the PRISMA guidelines. In July 2022, five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science) and gray literature were screened. Relevant articles published between 1 January 1990 and 1 September 2022 in any language were included. Outcomes of interest were anthropometric, BC measures, and BMD. The RoB 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. After duplicates elimination, 1120 records were screened, and 36 studies were included. A total of 25 articles were focused on physical activity and rehabilitation, 10 on nutrition, and 1 on multimodal intervention. One-third of the studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a high degree of heterogeneity due to the high variability in disease severity and intervention duration, intensity, frequency, and type. In general, no intervention showed consistent positive effects on BC. However, the most promising interventions seemed to be high-intensity training and ketogenic diets. Only a few studies considered BMD, and the results are inconsistent. Nevertheless, more studies are needed in order to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Rinaldo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Alba Pasini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- Doctoral Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Anna Crepaldi
- Unit of Nephrology, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Andrea Baroni
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manzanares A, Camblor Á, Romero-Arenas S, Segado F, Gil-Arias A. Adapted sailing teaching methodology using vsail-trainer simulator as rehabilitation therapy. A feasibility study. J Spinal Cord Med 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37534919 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2023.2228585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sailing is a sport that can help in the rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients and improve their quality of life. Teaching methodology in sailing has always been considered as complex, due to the great amount of uncertainty that this sport has. PURPOSE To design a protocol for teaching adapted sailing in a simulated situation for people with SCI and to know the effect of the teaching protocol on learning, effort perception and heart rate. METHOD Six adults were patients recruited at the National Hospital of Paraplegics of Toledo (Spain), aged between 31 and 54 years, who have passed the early subacute phase. Each subject underwent semi-immersive virtual reality sailing therapy for 40 min per session three times per week for six weeks, 18 sessions. A simulated adapted sailing initiation program VSail-Trainer® was used for the simulator therapy. During this session, the basic notions of sailing, wind direction, sheet trimming and control of the boat on different courses were explained. The variables assessed were: sailing learning, heart rate and effort perception. RESULTS The comparison of performance variables between pretest and posttest resulted differences in boat speed, heel and Velocity Made Good (VMG). These improvements in the performance variables are also reflected in the average times taken by the subjects to complete the regatta. CONCLUSION The methodology used in this study can be used as a guide for learning the activity by new SCI patients in rehabilitation who want to get into sailing sport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aarón Manzanares
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángel Camblor
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvador Romero-Arenas
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Neuroscience of Human Movement Research Group (Neuromove), UCAM, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Segado
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alexander Gil-Arias
- Sport Sciences Research Centre, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada (Madrid), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tollár J, Vetrovsky T, SZéPHELYI K, Csutorás B, Prontvai N, Ács P, Hortobágyi T. Effects of 2-Year-Long Maintenance Training and Detraining on 558 Subacute Ischemic Stroke Patients' Clinical-Motor Symptoms. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:607-613. [PMID: 36730024 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effects of a 2-yr-long maintenance training (MT) exergaming and detraining (DT) on clinical-motor symptoms in subacute ischemic patients with stroke (PwST). The hypothesis was that MT motor rehabilitation program would further increase the effects of the initial rehabilitation. METHODS After high-intensity and high-frequency exergaming twice or once a day, 5 times per week for 5 wk (EX2: 50 sessions; EX1: 25 sessions, results reported previously), 558 PwST were randomized to EX2-MT, EX2-DT, EX1-MT, and EX1-DT. MT exergaming consisted of once a day, 3 times per week for 2 yr, and DT did not train. Outcomes were measured at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The data were analyzed using longitudinal linear mixed-effects models and general linear hypotheses testing. RESULTS Modified Rankin Score (primary outcome), body mass, Mini-Mental State Examination score, Beck Depression Inventory, measures of quality of life, Berg Balance Scale, 6-min walk test, and four measures of center of pressure path tended to retain the initial rehabilitation-induced gains in the MT patients in selected outcomes (especially walking capacity). The scores tended to mildly worsen after DT, partially supporting the hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS MT successfully maintained, but only in selected variables did it further increase the initial exergaming rehabilitation-induced robust improvements. DT modestly reduced the initial exergaming rehabilitation-induced improvements. MT programs might be needed after initial stroke rehabilitation to reduce subsequent losses of quality of life and further improve clinical-motor symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Vetrovsky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Klaudia SZéPHELYI
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Pécs, Pécs, HUNGARY
| | - Bence Csutorás
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, HUNGARY
| | - Nándor Prontvai
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, HUNGARY
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hortobágyi T, Ács P, Baumann P, Borbély G, Áfra G, Reichardt-Varga E, Sántha G, Tollár J. Comparative effectiveness of four exercise interventions followed by two years of exercise maintenance in multiple sclerosis: A randomized control trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 103:1908-1916. [PMID: 35584738 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of Exergaming on quality of life (QoL), motor, and clinical symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis. We compared the effects of exergaming (EXE), balance (BAL), cycling (CYC), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), and a standard care wait-listed control group (CON) on clinical and motor symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in people with MS (PwMS) and determined the effects of subsequent maintenance programs for 2 years in a hospital setting. DESIGN A randomized clinical trial, using before-after test design. SETTINGS University Hospital Setting PARTICIPANTS: Of 82 multiple sclerosis outpatients, 70 were randomized, and 68 completed the study. INTERVENTIONS The initial high-intensity and -frequency interventions consisted of 25, 1-h sessions over 5 weeks. After the 5-wk-long initial intervention, the 2-year-long maintenance programs followed, consisting of 3 sessions per week, each for 1h. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome: Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29). SECONDARY OUTCOMES Measures five aspects of health-related QoL (EQ-5D index), Beck Depression Inventory, six-minute walk test (6MWT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Tinetti Assessment Tool (TAT) and static balance (center of pressure, COP). RESULTS MSIS-29 improved most in EXE (11 points), BAL (6), and CYC (6, all p<0.05). QoL improved most in EXE (3 points) and CYC and BAL (2, all p<0.05). TAT and BBS improved significantly (p<0.05) but similarly (p>0.05) in EXE, BAL, and CYC. 6MWT improved most in EXE (57m), BAL (32m), and CYC (19m all p<0.001). Standing sway did not change. Maintenance programs further increased the initial exercise-induced gains, robustly in EXE. CONCLUSION 25 sessions of EXE, BAL, CYC, and PNF, in this order, improved clinical and motor symptoms and QoL and subsequent, 2-y-long thrice weekly maintenance programs further slowed symptom-worsening and improved QoL. EXE was the most and PNF was the least effective to improve clinical symptoms, motor function, and QoL in PwMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Hortobágyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; Department of Sport Biology, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Hungary; Departments of Epidemiology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pongrác Ács
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Petra Baumann
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pécs
| | - Gábor Borbély
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - György Áfra
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Emese Reichardt-Varga
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Sántha
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Tollár
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Hungary; Széchényi István University, Digital Development Center, Győr, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cerexhe L, Easton C, Macdonald E, Renfrew L, Sculthorpe N. Blood lactate concentrations during rest and exercise in people with Multiple Sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 57:103454. [PMID: 34915317 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disorder which irreversibly damages axons within brain matter. Blood lactate concentration could be a biomarker of MS onset and progression, but no systematic review has yet sought to confirm or dispute the elevation and biomarker potential of blood lactate in people with MS (PwMS) or to consolidate understanding of lactate production during exercise in PwMS. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on blood lactate in PwMS during rest and exertion compared to Healthy Controls (HC) and following chronic exercise intervention. METHODS A systematic search of six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, SPORTDiscus and PEDro) was performed on 10th April 2020. Mean, standard deviation and sample size for lactate measures at rest and during exercise were pooled to determine overall effect size using a random effects model. The 20-point Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies was utilised to assess study quality and inherent risk of bias. To qualify for inclusion, studies had to include human adults (>18 years) with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of MS, be published in English, have undergone peer review, report absolute blood lactate values for data extraction, and if involving testing during/after exercise, to do so during bilateral exercise methods. RESULTS 18 studies were qualitatively analysed and 15 studies quantitatively analysed. Outcome data was available for 1986 participants (nMS = 1129). A total of 7 papers tested blood lactate during rest (LactateREST), 7 papers tested during sub-maximal intensity exercise (LactateSUB-MAX), and 8 papers tested during maximal intensity exercise (LactateMAX). Meta analyses showed elevated LactateREST and reduced LactateMAX in PwMS compared to HC, higher LactateMAX in lower EDSS-scoring PwMS compared to higher EDSS-scoring PwMS, and that LactateSUB-MAX decreases and LactateMAX increases in PwMS following a chronic exercise intervention. Qualitative analysis reported LactateREST to be reduced in PwMS following a chronic exercise intervention. CONCLUSIONS LactateREST is elevated in PwMS compared to HC. LactateMAX is lower in PwMS compared to HC and lower still in higher compared to lower EDSS-scoring groups of PwMS. Chronic exercise interventions have the potential to reduce LacatateSUB-MAX for a given power output and increase LactateMAX in PwMS compared to baseline values. LactateREST may be reduced in PwMS following a chronic exercise intervention but more research is required for confirmation. The results of this review were limited by small sample sizes and number of studies available for each testing condition, limited data available for potentially confounding/correlating factors (eg. VO2 and power output) as well as heterogeneity of methodology adopted across studies, often due to lactate testing being a secondary outcome measure. PLS: Lactate levels in the blood are different during rest and at intense exercise levels in people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) compared to healthy counterparts, with people with MS showing a smaller jump in lactate during intense exercise from a higher resting level. After exercising for at least 3 months, blood lactate levels during exercise may become more similar to the levels seen in people without Multiple Sclerosis, but more research is required to give a clearer picture of this. We can hopefully use blood lactate in future to measure the progression of MS in an individual as well as the effectiveness of their exercise programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Cerexhe
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire G72 0HL, United Kingdom.
| | - Chris Easton
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire G72 0HL, United Kingdom
| | - Eilidh Macdonald
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire G72 0HL, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Renfrew
- Douglas Grant Rehabilitation Unit, Ayrshire Central Hospital, Kilwinning Rd, Irvine, Ayrshire KA12 8SS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Sculthorpe
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire G72 0HL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pito PG, Cardoso JR, Tufano J, Guariglia D. Effects of Concurrent Training on 1RM and VO2 in Adults: Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:297-304. [PMID: 34638141 DOI: 10.1055/a-1506-3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effects of concurrent training on one repetition maximum (1RM), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) in healthy adults. The review followed PRISMA recommendations using randomized controlled trials in nine databases. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, totaling a sample of 796 subjects to perform the meta-analysis. As result, concurrent training provides similar increases in 1RM as strength training for upper limbs (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.12; 95% IC: [-0.18; 0.41]; p=0.43) and for the lower limbs (SMD: -0.32; 95% IC: [-0.79; 0.15]; p=0.19). Similarly, no difference was found in the aerobic capacity between the concurrent training vs. aerobic training groups ([SMD - VO2max]: -0.19; 95% IC: [-0.71; 0.33]; p=0.48 and [SMD - VO2peak]: -0.24; 95% IC: [-0.57; 0.08]; p=0.14). Based on the results found, we can affirm that a) similar to strength training, concurrent training provides maximum strength development for upper and lower limbs; and b) cardiorespiratory capacity is not impaired by concurrent training in relation to aerobic training, demonstrating the compatibility of the two training sessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gabriel Pito
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, Brazil.,Physical Education Department, Faculdade Estácio de Sá de Ourinhos, Ourinhos, Brazil
| | - Jefferson R Cardoso
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - James Tufano
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Débora Guariglia
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, Brazil.,Physical Education Department, Faculdade Estácio de Sá de Ourinhos, Ourinhos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A short-term exercise program in patients with multiple sclerosis: is body mass index important? Int J Rehabil Res 2021; 44:138-143. [PMID: 33724971 DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0000000000000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a health problem that can exacerbate the symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a short-term exercise program on fatigue, depression, anxiety, and walking performance in normal-weight and overweight patients with MS (PwMS). Sixty-two PwMS were divided into groups according to their BMI (BMI normal/BMI high). Also, they were all included in the exercise program. The participants took a moderate-intensity walking program 5 days a week for 4 weeks, including 30 min between 5 min of warm-up and 5 min of cooling periods. Also, patients underwent breathing, posture, flexibility, and stretching exercises for 4 weeks. Fatigue, depression, anxiety, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), and BMI were measured before and after the 4 weeks. After the exercise program, there were statistically significant improvements in fatigue, depression, anxiety, and the 6MWT. However, no relation could be detected between the examined variables and BMI. All patients participated effectively in the exercise program, regardless of BMI. The results obtained from this study support that a short-term exercise program is an effective therapeutic intervention, unrelated to BMI, in improving fatigue, depression, anxiety, and walking performance in PwMS.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tollár J, Nagy F, Csutorás B, Prontvai N, Nagy Z, Török K, Blényesi E, Vajda Z, Farkas D, Tóth BE, Repa I, Moizs M, Sipos D, Kedves A, Kovács Á, Hortobágyi T. High Frequency and Intensity Rehabilitation in 641 Subacute Ischemic Stroke Patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 102:9-18. [PMID: 32861668 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of exergaming on quality of life (QoL), motor, and clinical symptoms in subacute stroke patients. DESIGN A pseudorandomized controlled trial, using a before-after test design. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Subacute, ischemic stroke outpatients (N=3857), 680 of whom were randomized and 641 completed the study. INTERVENTIONS We determined the effects of 5 times a week twice daily (EX2; 50 sessions; n=286) and once daily (EX1; 25 sessions; n=272) exergaming and low-intensity standard care (control [CON]; 25 sessions; n=83) on clinical, mobility, blood pressure (BP), and QoL outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was Modified Rankin Scale. Secondary outcomes were activities of daily living, 5 aspects of health-related QoL, Beck Depression Inventory, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and static balance (center of pressure). RESULTS During exercise, the peak heart rate was 134, 134, and 126 beats per minute in the EX2, EX1, and CON groups, respectively. mRS improved similarly in the EX2 (-1.8; effect size, d=-4.0) and EX1 (-1.4; d=-2.6) groups, but more than in the CON group (-0.7; d=-0.6). QoL, Barthel Index, BBS, 6MWT, and standing posturography improved more in the EX2 group and the same in the EX1 and CON groups. Systolic and diastolic resting BP decreased more in the EX2 and EX1 groups than in the CON group. The intervention effects did not differ between men (n=349) and women (n=292). CONCLUSIONS Twice daily compared with once daily high-intensity exergaming or once daily lower intensity standard care produced superior effects on clinical and motor symptoms, BP, and QoL in male and female subacute ischemic stroke participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- József Tollár
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Nagy
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bence Csutorás
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Nándor Prontvai
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Nagy
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Katalin Török
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Eszter Blényesi
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Vajda
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Dr József Baka Diagnostical, Oncoradiological, Research and Educational Center, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Dóra Farkas
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Béla E Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Surveillance and Economics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Repa
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Dr József Baka Diagnostical, Oncoradiological, Research and Educational Center, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Mariann Moizs
- Somogy County Móricz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Dávid Sipos
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Dr József Baka Diagnostical, Oncoradiological, Research and Educational Center, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - András Kedves
- Dr József Baka Diagnostical, Oncoradiological, Research and Educational Center, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary; Dr József Baka Diagnostical, Oncoradiological, Research and Educational Center, Kaposvár, Hungary; Department of Oncoradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gravesteijn AS, Beckerman H, de Jong BA, Hulst HE, de Groot V. Neuroprotective effects of exercise in people with progressive multiple sclerosis (Exercise PRO-MS): study protocol of a phase II trial. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:177. [PMID: 32393193 PMCID: PMC7212565 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurodegeneration, rather than inflammation, plays a key role in the progressive phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). Current disease modifying treatment options for people with progressive MS (PMS) do not specifically target neurodegeneration. Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise therapy might have neuroprotective effects. However, neuroprotective effect studies of exercise interventions in PMS are scarce and the possible mode of action underlying neuroprotective effects of exercise are unknown and need to be elucidated. The main aim of this phase II trial is to assess whether progressive resistance training (PRT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT), can slow down neurodegeneration in people with PMS. Methods In a single-blinded phase II clinical trial with an extended baseline period, 60 people with PMS will be randomly assigned to PRT or HIIT. The participants should have had a relapse onset of MS with confirmed disease progression, however still ambulatory. The duration of the study is 48 weeks, consisting of 16 weeks baseline period (no intervention), 16 weeks intervention and 16 weeks follow-up. Patient-tailored training will be performed 3 times per week for one hour in groups, led by an experienced physiotherapist. The primary outcome measure is neurodegeneration, measured as whole brain atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Secondary outcome parameters will include other biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration (i.e. regional brain atrophy, lesion load, white matter integrity, resting state functional connectivity, blood biomarkers (brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serum neurofilament light (sNFL)), patient functioning (physical and cognitive) and cardiovascular risk factors. Discussion Besides the primary outcome measures, this study will examine a large variety of biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration after an exercise intervention. Combining outcome parameters may help to elucidate the mode of action underlying neuroprotective effects of exercise. Trial registration This trial is prospectively registered at the Dutch Trial Registry (number NL8265, date 06-01-2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Gravesteijn
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - H Beckerman
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B A de Jong
- Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H E Hulst
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V de Groot
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, PO Box 7057, 1007, MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kalb R, Brown TR, Coote S, Costello K, Dalgas U, Garmon E, Giesser B, Halper J, Karpatkin H, Keller J, Ng AV, Pilutti LA, Rohrig A, Van Asch P, Zackowski K, Motl RW. Exercise and lifestyle physical activity recommendations for people with multiple sclerosis throughout the disease course. Mult Scler 2020; 26:1459-1469. [PMID: 32323606 PMCID: PMC7575303 DOI: 10.1177/1352458520915629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To provide clinicians who treat multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with evidence-based or expert opinion–based recommendations for promoting exercise and lifestyle physical activity across disability levels. Methods: The National MS Society (“Society”) convened clinical and research experts in the fields of MS, exercise, rehabilitation, and physical activity to (1) reach consensus on optimal exercise and lifestyle physical activity recommendations for individuals with MS at disability levels 0–9.0 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and (2) identify and address barriers/facilitators for participation. Recommendations: Based on current evidence and expert opinion, the Society makes the following recommendations, endorsed by the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers:
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind Kalb
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Susan Coote
- School of Allied Health and Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eric Garmon
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - June Halper
- Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers and International Organization of MS Nurses, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Herb Karpatkin
- Program in Physical Therapy, Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Keller
- Motion Analysis Lab, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander V Ng
- Exercise Science Program, Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lara A Pilutti
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Paul Van Asch
- Fit Up Neurological and Sport Physiotherapy, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Robert W Motl
- UAB/Lakeshore Research Collaborative, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
So WY, Kalron A. The Association between Body Mass Index and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030920. [PMID: 32024246 PMCID: PMC7037989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Purpose: Conflicting information exists regarding the relationship between obesity, leisure-time physical activity (PA), and disability in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). We aimed to investigate the association between leisure-time PA and weight status in a relatively large cohort of PwMS. Furthermore, we examined this relationship according to the level of neurological disability. (2) Methods: The study included 238 PwMS (138 women) with a mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 2.5 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.7), mean disease duration of 6.4 (SD = 8.2) years, and mean age of 40.5 (SD = 12.9) years. Obesity was defined using two different metrics, each based on body mass index (BMI). Leisure-time PA was determined by the Godin-Shephard leisure-time PA questionnaire. Statistical analyses included multivariate logistic regression, the chi-square test, and Pearson coefficient correlations. (3) Results: The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) between leisure-time PA and BMI based on the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition was 1.070 (p = 0.844) for overweight and 1.648 (p = 0.254) for obesity. The adjusted OR was 1.126 (p = 0.763) for overweight and 1.093 (p = 0.847) for obesity after adjustment for age, gender, and disability status. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant correlation between leisure-time PA and obesity (p = 0.564) according to the BMI threshold for PwMS. The unadjusted OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) between disability level and BMI based on the WHO definition was 1.674 (p = 0.220) for overweight and 0.618 (p = 0.460) for obesity. The adjusted OR was 1.130 (p = 0.787) for overweight and 0.447 (p = 0.234) for obesity after adjustment for age, gender, and leisure-time PA. Similarly, chi-square analysis revealed no significant correlation between disability level and obesity (p = 0.701) per the BMI threshold for PwMS. (4) Conclusions: No association was found between leisure-time PA and BMI in PwMS. An additional finding was the absence of any association between obesity and neurological disability level in the multiple sclerosis cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wi-Young So
- Sports and Health Care Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Korea;
| | - Alon Kalron
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Ramat Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-9-9512726
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cabanillas-Cruz E, López-Rodriguez C, Romero-Blanco C, Aznar S. A Qualitative Analysis of an Aerobic Interval Training Programme for Obese Outpatients Carried Out in a Hospital Context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17010312. [PMID: 31906424 PMCID: PMC6981676 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To describe the experience of obese adults following participation in an indoor aerobic interval training (AIT) intervention. Methodology: Qualitative, in-depth semi-structured individual interviews, using phenomenology, with 24 obese adults (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2) from the Endocrinology Department, at the Severo Ochoa Hospital in Leganés (Madrid). Questions were related to: (a) The physical activity (PA) programme, (b) their perspectives of the activity and exercise environment and (c) the perceived benefits from participation. Data were analysed with a constant comparison approach. Results: The main patients' reasons for beginning the programme were motivations to take part including weight loss, health improvement and doctors' recommendation. Also, patients showed doubts and feelings of apprehension at the beginning of the intervention. Patients highlighted the role of the instructor, feelings of exercising in a safe environment, a good intervention and accessibility of the facility. They reported an improvement in their quality of life and recommended continuing the program. Conclusions: (1) Common themes in the qualitative analysis included enjoyment of the activity and a desire to maintain physical fitness, (2) AIT was perceived as a suitable exercise programme for this population and (3) recommendations for further investigation to understand the role of PA programmes for people with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cabanillas-Cruz
- PAFS Research Group. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 28310 Toledo, Spain; (E.C.-C.); (C.L.-R.)
| | - Christian López-Rodriguez
- PAFS Research Group. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 28310 Toledo, Spain; (E.C.-C.); (C.L.-R.)
| | - Cristina Romero-Blanco
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13001 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Susana Aznar
- PAFS Research Group. Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 28310 Toledo, Spain; (E.C.-C.); (C.L.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Keytsman C, Hansen D, Wens I, Eijnde BO. Exercise-induced lactate responses in Multiple Sclerosis: A retrospective analysis. NeuroRehabilitation 2019; 45:99-106. [PMID: 31403957 DOI: 10.3233/nre-192740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with Multiple Sclerosis have elevated resting serum lactate concentrations compared to healthy controls (HC). OBJECTIVE To evaluate lactate concentrations during acute exercise and/or following training in MS compared to HC. METHODS In this retrospective study, blood lactate concentrations (mmol/l) originating from two previous studies were analyzed. Lactate concentrations originated from acute submaximal (MSsubmax; HC, n = 11; MS, n = 32) or maximal (MSmax; HC, n = 20; MS, n = 24) exercise tests and following a 24-week mild to moderate intensity (MSsubmax, n = 12) or 12-week high intensity interval (MSmax, n = 13) exercise intervention. RESULTS Under submaximal conditions in MS and compared to HC, lactaterest (MS: 2.7±0.6 vs HC: 2.3±0.7 was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated. After 24 weeks of mild-to-moderate-intensity exercise training and compared to PRE-values, lactatebout2 (2.5±0.7 vs 3.4±1.1) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased during submaximal testing in MSsubmax. Under maximal conditions, lactatestart (2.3±1.0 vs 1.7±0.9) was significantly (p > 0.05) elevated in MS. Twelve weeks of high intensity interval training did not improve this (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of this retrospective analysis we conclude that lactate concentrations during acute submaximal and maximal exercise in persons with MS are similar compared to healthy controls. Moderate intensity exercise therapy appeared to improve lactate accumulation but high intensity exercise therapy did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charly Keytsman
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Inez Wens
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bert O Eijnde
- ADLON - Sportsmedical Center, BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|