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Piva G, Caruso L, Gómez AC, Calzolari M, Visintin EP, Davoli P, Manfredini F, Storari A, Spinozzi P, Lamberti N. Effects of forest walking on physical and mental health in elderly populations: a systematic review. Rev Environ Health 2024; 39:121-136. [PMID: 36239186 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing awareness that spending time in nature is associated with improvement of well-being; nevertheless, the prescription of forest bathing is still limited. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the physiological and psychological benefits of different forest therapies on healthy and pathological elderly populations (>60 years) to identify the most-effective type, duration, and frequency of these interventions. A search for literature was carried out in December 2021 using PubMed, EMBASE, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Grey literature was searched as well. After removal of the duplicates, within the 214 articles identified, ten met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the selected studies was rated. Forest walking, alone and in combination with other activities is the most effective intervention. The selected studies reported a positive impact on physical components, including reduction in blood pressure and heart rate and improvements in cardiopulmonary and neurochemical parameters. Favorable modifications have also been noted in the psychological field, with improvements in depression, stress levels and in quality of life perception. In conclusion, forest walking may play an important role in promoting physical and mental health in healthy and pathological elderly populations. However, the lack of high-quality studies limits the strength of the results, calling for more trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Cruz Gómez
- Freelance researcher; previously master Degree in Preventive and Adapted Phyisical Sciences, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Calzolari
- Architettura>Energia Research Centre, Department of Architecture, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Pietromaria Davoli
- Architettura>Energia Research Centre, Department of Architecture, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alda Storari
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Spinozzi
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
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Elia R, Piva G, Bulighin F, Lamberti N, Manfredini F, Gambaro G, Di Maria A, Salvagno G, Carbonare LGD, Storari A, Valenti MT, Battaglia Y. The Impact of Physical Exercise on microRNAs in Hemodialysis Patients: A Review and a Protocol for an Ancillary Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:468. [PMID: 38398071 PMCID: PMC10886953 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is considered a significant risk factor for mortality and morbidity among chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Therefore, physical exercise is recommended in the treatment of HD patients. Although the beneficial effects of physical exercise in HD patients are well-described in the literature, the underlying physiological mechanisms still need to be fully understood. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential mediators of the therapeutic effects of physical exercise in healthy individuals. miRNAs are short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs involved in gene expression regulation. Specifically, upon forming the RNA-induced silencing complex, miRNAs selectively bind to specific miRNAs within cells, reducing gene expression. miRNAs can be secreted by cells in an accessible form or enclosed within exosomes or extracellular vesicles. They can be detected in various body fluids, including serum (circulating miRNAs), facilitating the study of their diverse expression. Currently, there is no available data regarding the impact of physical exercise on the expression of miRNAs involved in osteogenic differentiation, a fundamental mechanism in the development of vascular calcification, for HD patients. Therefore, we have designed an observational and longitudinal case-control study to evaluate the expression of miR-9 and miR-30b in HD patients participating in a 3-month interdialytic physical exercise program. This paper aims to present the study protocol and review the expression of circulating miRNAs in HD patients and their modulation through physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Elia
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Francesca Bulighin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Maria
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianluca Salvagno
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Luca Giuseppe Dalle Carbonare
- Internal Medicine, Section D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (L.G.D.C.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Alda Storari
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Internal Medicine, Section D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (L.G.D.C.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
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Rinaldo N, Pasini A, Straudi S, Piva G, Crepaldi A, Baroni A, Caruso L, Manfredini F, Lamberti N. Effects of Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Nutritional Approaches on Body Composition and Bone Density in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 37754965 PMCID: PMC10532597 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are affected by a wide range of disabilities, including a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and a worsening of body composition (BC), which negatively impact their quality of life quality. This study aims to analyze the effects of nonpharmacological interventions-in particular, physical activity, nutritional approaches, and rehabilitation-on BC and BMD in pwMS. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the updated version of the PRISMA guidelines. In July 2022, five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science) and gray literature were screened. Relevant articles published between 1 January 1990 and 1 September 2022 in any language were included. Outcomes of interest were anthropometric, BC measures, and BMD. The RoB 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. After duplicates elimination, 1120 records were screened, and 36 studies were included. A total of 25 articles were focused on physical activity and rehabilitation, 10 on nutrition, and 1 on multimodal intervention. One-third of the studies were judged to be at high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a high degree of heterogeneity due to the high variability in disease severity and intervention duration, intensity, frequency, and type. In general, no intervention showed consistent positive effects on BC. However, the most promising interventions seemed to be high-intensity training and ketogenic diets. Only a few studies considered BMD, and the results are inconsistent. Nevertheless, more studies are needed in order to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Rinaldo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Alba Pasini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- Doctoral Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Anna Crepaldi
- Unit of Nephrology, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Andrea Baroni
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (N.R.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.)
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Crepaldi A, Caruso L, Piva G, Traina L, Gasbarro V, Manfredini R, Lamberti N, Rinaldo N, Manfredini F, Lopez-Soto PJ. Foot Temperature by Infrared Thermography in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease before and after Structured Home-Based Exercise: A Gender-Based Observational Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1312. [PMID: 37763080 PMCID: PMC10532675 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased arterial perfusion is a typical condition of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), with the microvascular picture particularly present among women. This observational study aimed to detect foot perfusion changes by infrared thermography (IRT) after a home-based exercise program in both sexes. A total of 76 PAD patients with claudication (72 ± 4 years; 52 males) were enrolled in a structured in-home exercise program composed of two daily 8 min interval walking sessions (1:1 walk:rest ratio) with progressively increasing speed. Outcome measures collected at baseline (T0) and at each hospital visit after 5 weeks, 12 weeks and 20 weeks included foot temperature measured by IRT (anterior tibial, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis and arcuate artery regions), ankle brachial index and the 6 min walking test. After 20 weeks, foot temperature in both limbs showed a significant increasing trend, with a mean variation of 1.3 °C for the more impaired limb and 0.9 °C for the contralateral limb (t = 8.88, p < 0.001 and t = 5.36; p < 0.001, respectively), with significant changes occurring after 5 weeks of training. The sex-oriented analysis did not highlight any significant difference, with an improvement of mean foot temperature of 1.5 ± 0.6 °C in females versus 1.2 ± 0.5 °C in males (p = 0.42). Ankle brachial index and performance also significantly improved over time (p < 0.001) without gender differences. In patients with PAD, a structured low-intensity exercise program significantly improved foot temperature and exercise capacity without any sex-related difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Crepaldi
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.C.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Piva
- Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Luca Traina
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (V.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Gasbarro
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (V.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (N.R.)
| | - Natascia Rinaldo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (N.R.)
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (N.R.)
- Program of Vascular Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pablo Jesus Lopez-Soto
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.C.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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Rinaldo N, Piva G, Ryder S, Crepaldi A, Pasini A, Caruso L, Manfredini R, Straudi S, Manfredini F, Lamberti N. The Issue of Gender Bias Represented in Authorship in the Fields of Exercise and Rehabilitation: A 5-Year Research in Indexed Journals. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8010018. [PMID: 36810502 PMCID: PMC9944464 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite progress made in recent decades, gender bias is still present in scientific publication authorship. The underrepresentation of women and overrepresentation of men has already been reported in the medical fields but little is known in the fields of exercise sciences and rehabilitation. This study examines trends in authorship by gender in this field in the last 5 years. All randomized controlled trials published in indexed journals from April 2017 to March 2022 through the widely inclusive Medline dataset using the MeSH term "exercise therapy" were collected, and the gender of the first and last authors was identified through names, pronouns and photographs. Year of publication, country of affiliation of the first author, and ranking of the journal were also collected. A chi-squared test for trends and logistic regression models were performed to analyze the odds of a woman being a first or last author. The analysis was performed on a total of 5259 articles. Overall, 47% had a woman as the first author and 33% had a woman as the last author, with a similar trend over five years. The trend in women's authorship varied by geographical area, with the higher representation of women authors in Oceania (first: 53.1%; last: 38.8%), North-Central America (first: 45.3%; last: 37.2%), and Europe (first: 47.2%; last: 33.3%). The logistic regression models (p < 0.001) indicated that women have lower odds of being authors in prominent authorship positions in higher-ranked journals. In conclusion, over the last five years, in the field of exercise and rehabilitation research, women and men are almost equally represented as first authors, in contrast with other medical areas. However, gender bias, unfavoring women, still exists, especially in the last authorship position, regardless of geographical area and journal ranking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Rinaldo
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Suzanne Ryder
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Crepaldi
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigation Biomedica, 14005 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alba Pasini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532236187
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Lamberti N, Manfredini F, Nardi F, Baroni A, Piva G, Crepaldi A, Basaglia N, Casetta I, Straudi S. Cortical Oxygenation during a Motor Task to Evaluate Recovery in Subacute Stroke Patients: A Study with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Neurol Int 2022; 14:322-335. [PMID: 35466207 PMCID: PMC9036242 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint14020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In subacute stroke patients we studied cortical oxygenation changes by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a motor task performed with the hemiparetic arm (15 s of reaching and grasping, 45 s of rest, repeated 6 times). Twenty-three subjects were included at baseline, compared with six healthy subjects, and restudied after 6 weeks of rehabilitation. Motor/premotor cortical changes in oxyhemoglobin detected by NIRS were quantified as the area under the curve (AUC) for the total cortex (TOT-AUC) and for both affected (AFF-AUC) and unaffected hemispheres (UN-AUC). The ratio between AUC and the number of task repetitions performed identified the cortical metabolic cost (CMC) or the oxygenation increase for a single movement. Fugl−Meyer assessment of the upper extremity (FMA-UE) was also performed. At baseline, both total and hemispheric CMC were significantly higher in stroke patients than in healthy subjects and inversely correlated with FMA-UE. After rehabilitation, changes in total-CMC and unaffected-CMC, but not Affected-CMC, were inversely correlated with variations in the FMA-UE score. A value > 5000 a.u. for the ratio baseline TOT-CMC/days since stroke was associated with not reaching the clinically important difference for FMA-UE after rehabilitation. In subacute stroke the CMC, a biomarker assessed by NIRS during a motor task with the hemiparetic arm, may describe cortical time/treatment reorganization and favor patient selection for rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-05322-36187
| | - Francesca Nardi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Baroni
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, University of Ferrara, Via Paradiso 12, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Anna Crepaldi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
- PhD Program in Biomedicine, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdova, Spain
| | - Nino Basaglia
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Ilaria Casetta
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.N.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (S.S.)
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (A.B.); (N.B.)
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Lamberti N, Piva G, Businaro F, Caruso L, Crepaldi A, Lòpez-Soto PJ, Manfredini F. A Fitness-Fatigue Model of Performance in Peripheral Artery Disease: Predicted and Measured Effects of a Pain-Free Exercise Program. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030397. [PMID: 35330397 PMCID: PMC8949585 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Banister impulse-response (IR) model estimates the performance in response to the training impulses (TRIMPs). In 100 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), we tested by an IR model the predictability of the effects of a 6-month structured home-based exercise program. The daily TRIMPs obtained from prescribed walking speed, relative intensity and time of exercise determined the fitness-fatigue components of performance. The estimated performance values, calculated from the baseline 6-min and pain-free walking distance (6MWD and PFWD, respectively) were compared with values measured at visits through regression models. Interval pain-free walking at controlled speed prescribed during circa-monthly hospital visits (5 ± 1) was safely performed at home with good adherence (92% of scheduled sessions, 144 ± 25 km walked in 50 ± 8 training hours). The mean TRIMP rose throughout the program from 276 to 601 a.u. The measured 6MWD and PFWD values increased (+33 m and +121 m, respectively) showing a good fit with those estimated by the IR model (6MWD: R2 0.81; PFWD: R2 0.68) and very good correspondence (correlation coefficients: 0.91 to 0.95), without sex differences. The decay of performance without training was estimated at 18 ± 3 weeks. In PAD, an IR model predicted the walking performance following a pain-free exercise program. IR models may contribute to design and verify personalized training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Federico Businaro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Anna Crepaldi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.B.); (A.C.)
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Pablo Jesùs Lòpez-Soto
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain;
- Department of Nursing, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.B.); (A.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-053-2236-187
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Battaglia Y, Lamberti N, Piva G, Manfredini F, Storari A. [Physical exercise in chronic kidney disease: an empty narrative or an effective intervention?]. G Ital Nefrol 2021; 38:38-06-2021-01. [PMID: 34919791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is growing worldwide, with increasing numbers of patients facing end-stage renal disease, high cardiovascular risk, disability and mortality. Early recognition of CKD and improvements in lifestyle are crucial for maintaining or recovering both physical function and quality of life. It is well known that reducing sedentariness, increasing physical activity and initiating exercise programs counteract cardiovascular risk and frailty, limit deconditioning and sarcopenia, and improve mobility, without side-effects. However, these interventions, often requested by CKD patients themselves, are scarcely available. Indeed, it is necessary to identify and train specialists on exercise in CKD and to sensitize doctors and health personnel, so that they can direct patients towards an active lifestyle. On the other hand, effective and sustainable interventions, capable of overcoming patients' barriers to exercise, remain unexplored. Scientific societies, international research teams and administrators need to work together to avoid that exercise in nephrology remains an empty narrative, a niche interest without any translations into clinical practice, with no benefit to the physical and mental health of CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Battaglia
- Unità Operativa di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Riabilitazione, Università degli studi di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Università degli studi di Ferrara, Via Paradiso 12, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Riabilitazione, Università degli studi di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Unità Operativa di Medicina Riabilitativa, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italia
| | - Alda Storari
- Unità Operativa di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
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Lamberti N, Caruso L, Piva G, Traina L, Ficarra V, Zamboni P, Gasbarro V, Manfredini F. Beyond the Patient's Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11111991. [PMID: 34829337 PMCID: PMC8623461 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among patients with peripheral artery disease, an altered estimation of walking ability reported to the physician may influence the choice of treatment. We compared claudication distance (CD) values reported by patients or assessed by validated protocols to elaborate a formula capable of estimating more reliable values. Three hundred fifty-nine patients with claudication were measured at the time of entry into a rehabilitation program. Walking performance was obtained by patients' reports (self-reported claudication distance, SR-CD) and was directly assessed to determine the claudication and maximal walking distance by the 6-min test (6-CD and 6-MWD) and an incremental treadmill test (T-CD and T-MWD). The degree of muscle deoxygenation was objectively determined at the calf by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during the treadmill test. Among the 289 subjects analyzed, SR-CD exceeded both 6-CD and T-CD (+155 and +182 m, respectively). SR-CD was moderately correlated with T-CD (r = 0.30), 6-CD (r = 0.32), and 6-MWD (r = 0.29) but not with muscle deoxygenation per meter walked, unlike T-CD and 6-CD. A formula adjusted for the presence of diabetes reduced patient overestimation by 92%. The patient's reported claudication distance was generally overestimated compared to objective measures, and it was made more reliable through a corrective factor for easy use in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, University of Ferrara, Via Paradiso 12, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Luca Traina
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (V.F.); (V.G.)
| | - Valentina Ficarra
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (V.F.); (V.G.)
| | - Paolo Zamboni
- Vascular Diseases Center, Department of Translational Medicine for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Gasbarro
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (V.F.); (V.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (L.C.)
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-053-223-6187
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Manfredini F, Lamberti N, Traina L, Zenunaj G, Medini C, Piva G, Straudi S, Manfredini R, Gasbarro V. Effectiveness of Home-Based Pain-Free Exercise versus Walking Advice in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods Protoc 2021; 4:mps4020029. [PMID: 34068534 PMCID: PMC8163172 DOI: 10.3390/mps4020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise therapy in the intermediate stages of peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents an effective solution to improve mobility and quality of life (QoL). Home-based programs, although less effective than supervised programs, have been found to be successful when conducted at high intensity by walking near maximal pain. In this randomized trial, we aim to compare a low-intensity, pain-free structured home-based exercise (SHB) program to an active control group that will be advised to walk according to guidelines. Sixty PAD patients aged > 60 years with claudication will be randomized with a 1:1 ratio to SHB or Control. Patients in the training group will be prescribed an interval walking program at controlled speed to be performed at home; the speed will be increased weekly. At baseline and after 6 months, the following outcomes will be collected: pain-free walking distance and 6-min walking distance (primary outcome), ankle-brachial index, QoL by the VascuQoL-6 questionnaire, foot temperature by thermal camera, 5-time sit-to-stand test, and long-term clinical outcomes including revascularization rate and mortality. The home-based pain-free exercise program may represent a sustainable and cost effective option for patients and health services. The trial has been approved by the CE-AVEC Ethics Committee (898/20). Registration details: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04751890 [Registered: 12 February 2021].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (N.L.); (G.P.)
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (N.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Luca Traina
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (G.Z.); (C.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Gladiol Zenunaj
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (G.Z.); (C.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Chiara Medini
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (G.Z.); (C.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (N.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532237166
| | - Vincenzo Gasbarro
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (L.T.); (G.Z.); (C.M.); (V.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Manfredini F, Lamberti N, Battaglia Y, Straudi S, Belvederi Murri M, Donadi M, Piva G, Fabbian F, López-Soto PJ, Grassi L, Manfredini R, Basaglia N, Storari A. A Personalized Patient-Centered Intervention to Empower through Physical Activity the Patient in the Dialysis Center: Study Protocol for a Pragmatic Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3040083. [PMID: 33470990 PMCID: PMC7768449 DOI: 10.3390/mps3040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentariness of patients affected by end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) expose them to high risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes. Exercise training is effective in improving physical function, quality of life (QoL) and long-term outcomes. However, the existing barriers related to patients, programs and dialysis staff limit patient participation and call for new strategies. This pragmatic nonrandomized trial will test the impact on ESKD population of an intervention proposed by an exercise facilitator regularly present in a dialysis center. The patient will be free to choose among three-month walking and/or resistance low-intensity training programs: (a) guided physical activity increase; (b) home-based exercise; (c) in-hospital (pre/post dialysis) supervised exercise; (d) performance assessment only. The first phase will define feasibility and the characteristics and preference of responders. The second phase will evaluate safety and patients’ adherence. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline, after three-month and at six-month follow-up. They will include: aerobic capacity, QoL, gait speed, strength, depression and long-term clinical outcomes (hospitalization and mortality). The trial was approved by the Area-Vasta Emilia-Romagna Centro Ethics Committee with approval number 48/2019. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results of the study will be presented in international congresses, published in peer-reviewed journals and communicated to the patient community. Registration details: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04282616 [Registered:24/02/2020].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Sports Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Sports Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-053-223-6187
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (Y.B.); (M.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Donadi
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (Y.B.); (M.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Giovanni Piva
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Sports Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Fabio Fabbian
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Pablo Jesús López-Soto
- Department of Nursing, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Nino Basaglia
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Alda Storari
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (Y.B.); (M.D.); (A.S.)
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Crippa G, Zabzuni D, Bravi E, Piva G, De Noni I, Bighi E, Rossi F. Randomized, double blind placebo-controlled pilot study of the antihypertensive effects of Grana Padano D.O.P. cheese consumption in mild - moderate hypertensive subjects. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018; 22:7573-7581. [PMID: 30468507 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grana Padano, an Italian protected designation of origin (PDO) semi-fat cheese, undergoes a long ripening period during which the proteolysis carried out by natural starter lactic acid bacteria releases peptides having sustained angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity. The length (generally 3-8 amino acid residues) and the sequence of these peptides are responsible for their ability to elicit ACE-inhibitory activity. The aim of this study has been the evaluation of the effect of a daily dietary supplement consisting in a small amount (30 g/day) of Grana Padano cheese, in terms of the lowering of the blood pressure (BP) of mild-moderate hypertensive subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty mild-moderate hypertensive patients, with BP values not on target (> 140 and/or > 90 mmHg) after at least 3 months of stable treatment were considered in this randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. All patients randomly received a dietary integration (30 g/day) of Grana Padano cheese or a placebo (made from flavored grated bread mixed with fats and salts in concentrations equal to those of the cheese). BP was evaluated at baseline and at the end of the active and placebo treatments (2 months each) by: - Office BP (OBP); - Automated Office BP (AOBP) using the BpTRU®, an automated oscillometric device that provides the average of multiple (n=6) blood pressure measurements; - Ambulatory Blood Pressure (ABP) 24 hour monitoring. RESULTS Dietary integration with Grana Padano cheese resulted in a significant decrease in Office, Automated Office and Ambulatory BP. The mean decrease (vs. placebo) for 24-hour ABP was -3.5 mmHg for systolic and -2.4 mmHg for diastolic BP (p = 0.0063 and p = 0.0065, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Daily dietary integration with 30 g of Grana Padano DOP cheese effectively reduces BP and may help mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients to reach a target BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Crippa
- Hypertension Unit, "Guglielmo da Saliceto" Hospital, Piacenza,
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Del Rio P, Cozzani F, Nisi PC, Loderer T, Piva G, Bonati E. IONM and minimally invasive videoassisted thyroidectomy. G Chir 2018; 34:291-296. [PMID: 30444477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We know that benefits of MIVAT are related to a better cosmetic result and lower post-operative pain in comparison to CT. The incidence of nerve cold palsy is related to a correct identification of the recurrent laringeal nerve (RLN) as standard procedure in thyroid surgery. From September 2014 we have introduced the use of intraoperative neural monitoring(I-IONM) in all thyroidectomies in the Unit of General Surgery of University Hospital of Parma, including in MIVAT. PATIENTS AND METHODS We have considered all patients treated from September 2014 to September 2017 for thyroid diseases using MIVAT and IONM. Intermittent neuromonitoring with NIM-3.0 equipment (Medtronic, Jacksonville, FL, USA) was used during all operations. We have recorded all data about age, sex, diagnosis, surgical time, i-IONM signal, postoperative pain, postoperative hypocalcemia after 24 hours, haematoma and vocal cord palsy. The mean hospital stay was collected from surgical procedure to hospital discharge. We have considered vocal dysfunctions that persist six months after surgery as permanent. RESULTS From September 2014 to September 2017 we treated consecutively with both MIVAT and i-IONM 100 patients. Considering the extent of surgery, 26 pts underwent to hemithyroidectomy and 74 pts to total thyroidectomy. The mean surgical time was 61.8 minutes. In 7 cases the patients were affected by preoperative clinical dysphonia. Using I-IONM during thyroidectomy, we recorded in 5 cases (5%) a loss of signal; in two cases (2%) we experienced a temporary postoperative vocal cord palsy. DISCUSSION In our experience the use of IONM has improved the safety during thyroidectomy because precision that can be achieved by endoscopic procedures is further improved by complementary use of IONM. The costs associated to a potential reduction of medical litigation have not been investigated.
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Moschini M, Prandini A, Morlacchini M, Diaz D, Piva G. Raw and extruded pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia fabavar.minor) and lupin (Lupinus albusvar.multitalia) as alternative protein sources in broiler diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.2s.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Marseglia A, Castellazzi AM, Valsecchi C, Licari A, Piva G, Rossi F, Fiorentini L, Marseglia GL. Outcome of oral provocation test in egg-sensitive children receiving semi-fat hard cheese Grana Padano PDO (protected designation of origin) containing, or not, lysozyme. Eur J Nutr 2012; 52:877-83. [PMID: 22692502 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lysozyme, obtained from egg white, is a potential food allergen used in the dairy industry to prevent late blowing of the loaf caused by the outgrowth of clostridial spores (Cl. butyricum and Cl. tyrobutyricum) during cheese aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between egg protein allergy in pediatric age and sensitization to egg lysozyme, used for the preparation of Grana Padano cheese. METHODS The tolerability of Grana Padano cheese has been evaluated in pediatric patients allergic to egg proteins through an oral provocation test with increasing amounts of cheese containing, or not, lysozyme at 12 and 24 months of aging. RESULTS When lysozyme-sensitized children received 12-months aged and lysozyme-containing cheese, several immediate and late adverse reactions such as itching, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, dermatitis, rhinitis, bronchial asthma, urticaria, and angioedema were seen in 5 out of 21 subjects; only 1 out of 21 children showed an adverse reaction after challenge with 24-months-ripened lysozyme-containing cheese. CONCLUSIONS There is a possible relationship between the severity of allergic reactions and the lysozyme-specific IgE level in blood. In particular vomiting, hypotension, and abdominal pain were present when IgE level was higher than 7 kU/L. A ripening time of 24 months may reduce allergy problems when lysozyme-containing cheese is given to sensitized subjects, probably due to the hydrolysis of antigenic epitopes during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marseglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Sezione di Scienze Pediatriche, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Battaglia M, Cruywagen C, Bertuzzi T, Gallo A, Moschini M, Piva G, Masoero F. Transfer of melamine from feed to milk and from milk to cheese and whey in lactating dairy cows fed single oral doses. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:5338-47. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gallo A, Masoero F, Bertuzzi T, Piva G, Pietri A. Effect of the inclusion of adsorbents on aflatoxin B1 quantification in animal feedstuffs. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2010; 27:54-63. [PMID: 19750400 DOI: 10.1080/02652030903207219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The extraction efficiency of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in cattle feed containing nine adsorbents (ADSs) was investigated using two organic/aqueous solvents composed of methanol/water (80/20 v/v; MeOH) and acetone/water (85/15 v/v; AC). Samples were obtained including a highly AFB1-contaminated (HC) and a low-level AFB(1)-contaminated (LC) feedstuff (15.33 and 7.57 microg kg(-1), respectively), nine ADSs (four clay minerals; one yeast cell wall-based product; one activated carbon and three commercial ADS products) at two different levels of inclusion (10 and 20 g kg(-1)). After solvent extraction and immunoaffinity column clean-up, all samples were analysed for AFB1 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. For each contamination level (HC and LC), the data obtained were analysed using a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Means were compared with the correspondent controls using the Dunnett's test. No statistical difference was found in AFB1 levels of feedstuffs not containing ADSs when extracted with AC or MeOH, even if numerically higher values were obtained with AC. A dose-dependent effect (p < 0.01) of ADSs inclusion was observed on AFB1 recoveries that were lower when the higher ADS level (20 g kg(-1)) was included in the HC and LC feedstuffs. Higher AFB(1) recoveries were obtained using AC compared with MeOH, both in HC (75.0% versus 12.0%, respectively) and in LC (84.0% versus 22.8%, respectively) ADSs containing feedstuffs. However, when the activated carbon and the sodium bentonite were included in feeds, lower AFB1 concentrations with respect to control values (p < 0.001 and <0.05, respectively) were obtained also using AC. The data obtained in this study indicate that routine use of the MeOH solvent for AFB1 analysis of unknown feedstuffs, can produce misleading results if they contain an ADS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallo
- Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-29100 Piacenza, Italy.
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Masoero F, Gallo A, Diaz D, Piva G, Moschini M. Effects of the procedure of inclusion of a sequestering agent in the total mixed ration on proportional aflatoxin M1 excretion into milk of lactating dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Moschini M, Gallo A, Piva G, Masoero F. The effects of rumen fluid on the in vitro aflatoxin binding capacity of different sequestering agents and in vivo release of the sequestered toxin. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Costa S, Utan A, Speroni E, Cervellati R, Piva G, Prandini A, Guerra M. Oxidative stress induced by ochratoxin A in LLC-PK1 cell line and the chemoprotective effects of carnosic acid. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2008. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2007.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of various moulds that contaminate several alimentary substrates. One of the most dangerous of these is ochratoxin A (OTA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the toxicity mechanism of OTA, so the use of natural or synthetic free radical scavengers could be a potential chemopreventive strategy. Carnosic acid (CA) is the major polyphenolic compound present in rosemary plants. This work aimed to determine whether CA could counteract OTA-induced cell damage. Free radical scavenging properties of CA were chemically determined at pH 7.4. Cytotoxicity of CA and OTA on LLC-PK1 cells, and the protective effects of CA, were assessed using the Alamar Blue test. The effects in vitro of CA pre-treatment on the production of ROS, the DNA oxidation and the induction of apoptosis induced by OTA were studied. It was found that CA has free radical scavenging properties at both the considered pH values. Moreover, a pre-treatment of 24 h with 10, 20 and 30 µM CA is able to reduce OTA-induced cytotoxicity; a pre-treatment of 24 h with 20 and 30 µM CA achieved ROS reduction and with 30 µM CA decreased the OTA-induced increase of 8-OH-2'-deoxyguanosine and of DNA fragmentation in LLC-PK1. These findings suggest a starting point to develop alimentary strategies against OTAinduced cell damage. Moreover, our results provide further evidence that oxidative stress plays an important role in the OTA cytotoxicity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Utan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - E. Speroni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Cervellati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Piva
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - A. Prandini
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - M. Guerra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a prototype simple predictive system for aflatoxin B1 contamination in maize based on meteorological data. A database was developed with meteorological data and aflatoxin B1 contamination level of maize samples collected over a five-year period. All data were georeferenced. An aridity index was computed to summarise meteorological conditions and was used to estimate the probability of aflatoxin B1 contamination running a logistic regression. Relevant differences were found between years both for meteorology and aflatoxin B1 contamination. North Italy is not arid and conditions for Aspergillus flavus development and aflatoxin B1 contamination of maize do not commonly occur. Nevertheless, arid areas were found in some years, and favourable conditions for aflatoxin B1 production were confirmed by maize kernels surveys. The aridity index is a good indicator to summarise meteorological conditions being significantly correlated to maize kernels contamination at harvest. The logistic regression gave acceptable warning on aflatoxin B1 contamination in maize with 64% correct predictions and 23% overestimates. Underestimates were 13%, but only half of these were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 above 5 µg/kg, the European legislative limit for maize to be subjected to sorting or other physical treatment before human consumption or to be used as an ingredient in foodstuffs as well as for complete feedingstuffs for dairy animals. First indications with this simple predictive system are available before mid-July with conclusive information in early September, which is a good time to plan maize management pre- and post-harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Battilani
- Institute of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - C. Barbano
- Institute of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
| | - G. Piva
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy
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Prandini A, Sigolo S, Filippi L, Battilani P, Piva G. Review of predictive models for Fusarium head blight and related mycotoxin contamination in wheat. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 47:927-31. [PMID: 18634842 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mould growth and mycotoxin production are related to plant stress caused by environmental factors such as: extreme weather; insect damage; inadequate storage conditions and incorrect fertilization; these predispose plants to mycotoxin contamination in the field. Fusarium species infect wheat during the flowering period. In addition to losses of yield, these fungi can also synthesize toxic components (mycotoxins) in suitable environmental conditions, thus threatening animal and human health. Given the severe consequences and the fact that mycotoxins affect production throughout the world, the ability to predict Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) and other mycotoxin contamination is important to reduce the year-to-year risk for producers. Owing to these dangerous consequences in Argentina, Belgium, Canada, Italy, the United States and in Europe, computer models, based on weather variables (temperature, rainfall and moisture level), have been developed to predict the occurrence of FHB and DON contamination in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prandini
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Catholic University of Piacenza, Agricultural Faculty, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100 Piacenza, Italy.
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Piva A, Pizzamiglio V, Morlacchini M, Tedeschi M, Piva G. Lipid microencapsulation allows slow release of organic acids and natural identical flavors along the swine intestine1,2. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:486-93. [PMID: 17040943 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to investigate the in vivo concentrations of sorbic acid and vanillin as markers of the fate of organic acids (OA) and natural identical flavors (NIF) from a microencapsulated mixture and from the same mixture non-microencapsulated, and the possible consequences on the intestinal microbial fermentation. Fifteen weaned pigs were selected from 3 dietary groups and were slaughtered at 29.5 +/- 0.27 kg of BW. Diets were (1) control; (2) control supplemented with a blend of OA and NIF microencapsulated with hydrogenated vegetable lipids (protected blend, PB); and (3) control supplemented with the same blend of OA and NIF mixed with the same protective matrix in powdered form but without the active ingredient coating (non-protected blend, NPB). Stomach, cranial jejunum, caudal jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon were sampled to determine the concentrations of sorbic acid and vanillin contained in the blend and used as tracers. Sorbic acid and vanillin were not detectable in pigs fed the control, and their concentrations were not different in the stomach of PB and NPB treatments. Pigs fed PB showed a gradual decrease of the tracer concentrations along the intestinal tract, whereas pigs fed NPB showed a decline of tracer concentration in the cranial jejunum and onwards, compared with the stomach concentrations. Sorbic acid and vanillin concentrations along the intestinal tract were greater (P = 0.02) in pigs fed PB compared with pigs fed NPB. Pigs fed PB had lower (P = 0.03) coliforms in the caudal jejunum and the cecum than pigs fed the control or NPB. Pigs fed the control or PB had a greater (P = 0.03) lactic acid bacteria plate count in the cecum than pigs fed NPB, which showed a reduction (P = 0.02) of lactic acid concentrations and greater (P = 0.02) pH values in the caudal jejunum. The protective lipid matrix used for microencapsulation of the OA and NIF blend allowed slow-release of both active ingredients and prevented the immediate disappearance of such compounds upon exiting the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piva
- DIMORFIPA, Università di Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
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25
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Rossi F, Morlacchini M, Fusconi G, Pietri A, Mazza R, Piva G. Effect of Bt corn on broiler growth performance and fate of feed-derived DNA in the digestive tract. Poult Sci 2005; 84:1022-30. [PMID: 16050119 DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.7.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect on broiler performance of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn containing the Cry1A(b) protein compared with the corresponding near isogenic corn and to analyze the degradation of the Cry1A(b) gene in the digestive tract. Ross male broilers (432) were fed for 42 consecutive days with diets containing Bt or isogenic corn. Diet, Bt corn, and the isogenic form of the Bt corn were analyzed for composition and aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, and deoxynivalenol contents. Broiler body weight and feed intake were recorded at regular intervals (d 0, 21, and 42). The presence of the Cry1A(b) gene and plant-specific genes Zein and Sh-2 in gut contents of crop, gizzard, jejunum, cecum, and samples of blood was determined in 10 animals per treatment at the end of the trial using a PCR technique. Chemical composition was not different between Bt and its isogenic form, whereas the fumonisin B1 content for Bt was lower than for isogenic corn (2,039 vs. 1,1034 ppb; P < 0.05). The results of the growth study showed no difference for average daily weight gain (129.4 vs. 126.0 g/d), feed intake (63.4 vs. 61.8 g/d), and feed conversion ratio (1.95 vs. 2.02) among the groups. No significant relationship was observed between mycotoxins content and growth performances. Feed-derived DNA is progressively degraded along the digestive tract. Detection frequency of short fragments of maize-specific high copy number Zein gene was high but significantly decreased in distal sectors. An 1,800-bp fragment of the Cry1A(b) gene, corresponding to the minimal functional unit, was detected only in crop and gizzard of birds fed Bt corn. Sh-2 showed the same detection frequency of Cry1A(b) and was also found in birds fed isogenic corn. Blood samples were positive with low frequency only for the Zein gene fragment. No significant difference in DNA detection was observed between birds fed Bt and isogenic corn, indicating that DNA derived from transgenic feed undergoes the same fate as isogenic feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rossi
- Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29100, Piacenza, Italy.
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26
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Abstract
Maize samples collected from storage bins and feed mills in Northern Italy between 1995 and 1999 were surveyed for the occurrence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin (FB1); further, ergosterol was analysed as a fungal growth marker. The incidence and mean content of AFB1 were generally low; nevertheless, a remarkable contamination was found in two samples (109 and 158 microg kg(-1)), while five others exceeded 20 microg kg(-1). DON and ZEA mean levels were significantly higher in 1996 (2716 and 453 microg kg(-1)) with respect to the other years, when mean contents ranged from 7 to 30% and from 3 to 17%, respectively, expressed in per cent of 1996 contents. FB1 was present in all samples and was by far the most remarkable mycotoxin in Northern Italian maize, with the exception of samples from 1996. The average level was 3064 microg kg(-1), 69.6% of samples resulted over 1000 microg kg(-1) and 16.9% over 5000 microg kg(-1). Significant correlations were found between ergosterol and the major mycotoxin(s) in each year (FB1 in 1995 and 1997-99; ZEA + DON in 1996). Consequently, ergosterol seems to be a good index of the toxicological quality of maize. Climatic conditions influenced the growth of different fungal species. In 1996, the first 20 days of October were extremely rainy; these weather conditions delayed the harvest until the first week of November and favoured the growth of DON and ZEA producing fungi and the synthesis of mycotoxins. On the contrary, the temperate and dry climate of the other years supported the growth of FB1-producing fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pietri
- Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria UCSC, Via Emilia, Parmense, 84 I-29100 Piacenza Italy.
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Aumaitre A, Aulrich K, Chesson A, Flachowsky G, Piva G. New feeds from genetically modified plants: substantial equivalence, nutritional equivalence, digestibility, and safety for animals and the food chain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(02)00016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
A total of 96 red wines and 15 white dessert wines produced mostly in the years 1995-97 in 19 Italian regions were analysed for ochratoxin A (OTA). The amount of OTA ranged from < 1 to 3856 ng/l the median (mean) was found to be 90 (419) ng/l for the red wines and 8 (736) ng/l for the white dessert wines. Our survey shows that the geographic region of origin has a strong influence on OTA contamination, both for red and for dessert wines: in fact, wines produced in southern Italy were markedly more contaminated. The overall median (mean) OTA concentration in the red wines produced in the four Italian areas (northwest, northeast, centre and south) was 2 (11), 90 (81), 134 (295) and 1264 (1233) ng/l. The same trend was observed for the white dessert wines: OTA concentrations of over 1000 ng/l were found in four out of five samples from southern Italy (1185, 2454, 3477, 3856 ng/l), while central and northern samples showed very low contamination. The contribution of wine to mean daily OTA intake can be considered negligible in the case of people drinking wine manufactured in northern and central Italy; this is not true if a medium drinker constantly consumes red wine produced in southern Italy in this case wine alone could supply the diet with an amount of OTA equal to or even above the tolerable daily intake of 5 ng/kg body weight recommended by the Scientific Committee on Food of the European Commission.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pietri
- Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria UCSC, Piacenza, Italy.
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Abstract
Vancomycin concentrations in serum, tissues, and sternum, administered as prophylaxis to patients during coronary artery bypass surgery, were measured. Vancomycin (15 mg/kg) was administered to 15 patients 1 hour before skin incision. Blood, tissue, and sternum samples were collected before, during, and after bypass. The concentration in serum at the end of infusion was 55.1 +/- 22.8 microg/mL, the mean elimination half-life was 9 +/- 4 hours, the areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) from 0 to 12 hours and from 0 to infinity were 90.6 +/- 25.1 and 289.7 +/- 86.5 microg/h per mL, respectively, the mean residence time (MRT) was 11.9 +/- 5.0 hours, the mean volume of distribution was 51.1 +/- 12.2 L, and the total clearance was 78.3 +/- 32.6 mL/min. Vancomycin concentrations in serum, tissues, and sternum during the operation were greater than the MIC90 for most staphylococci and ranged from 16 to 55 microg/mL in serum and from 4 to 39 microg/g in sternum and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kitzes-Cohen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
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31
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Farin D, Piva G, Kitzes-Cohen R. Determination of phenazopyridine in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography. Chromatographia 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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33
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Rossi F, Fiorentini L, Masoero F, Piva G. Effect of fat coating on rumen degradation and intestinal digestibility of soybean meal. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
A total of 223 samples of Grana Padano cheese manufactured in 4 years (1991-94) by dairies in 11 provinces of the Po valley were checked for aflatoxin M1. Grated cheese was extracted with chloroform and the defatted extract was purified by an immunoaffinity column; aflatoxin M1 was determined by HPLC using a fluorescence detector. From the analysis of the data it has emerged that only one sample exceeded the maximum tolerated level in cheese in some European countries (250 ng/kg). Most samples (91%) were in the range 5-100 ng/kg and only 15 (6.7%) in the range 100-250 ng/kg. Notwithstanding a diffuse microcontamination, the situation regarding the AFM1 levels can be considered fairly satisfactory. Mean contamination levels of 1992 and 1994 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of 1993 and 1991. No significant difference was observed among provinces or dairies of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peitri
- Istituto di Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria U.C.S.C., Piacenza, Italy
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36
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Manini R, Piva A, Prandini A, Mordenti A, Piva G, Dourmad J. Protein retention in Italian heavy pigs: Development of a factorial approach for the determination of lysine requirement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-6226(96)01413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Prandini A, Morlacchini M, Moschini M, Piva A, Fiorentini L, Piva G. Performances de croissance et composition corporelle du porc lourd italien entre 80 et 160 kg de poids vif. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1051/animres:19960107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abstract
Soybean seed, linseed, some cereals seeds, and their by-products are infected by Datura seed weed of different varieties. The most common Datura spp. noxious to the farm animals are D. stramonium (atropine alkaloid) and D. ferox (scopolamine, 98-100% of total alkaloids) mainly present in Europe and South America, respectively. The presence of alkaloids from Datura seeds in feedingstuffs may be responsible for chronic and/or subclinical toxic effects; acute poisoning from Datura seeds are rare. Pigs are the most sensitive animals to Datura poisoning, followed by cattle, horses, and chickens. Sheep and rabbits are indifferent to atropine presence in food because they synthesize the atropine esterase enzyme. The progressive atropine poisoning in pigs leads to a reduction of feed intake and growth, gastrointestinal motility and secretory activity, extreme mouth dryness, increased respiration and cardiac rate, pupil dilation, etc. Clinical symptoms are partly similar among different species. Toxic effects from Datura alkaloids presence in feeds showed possible variability of alkaloids content tolerated by pigs. In our recent trials, the threshold limit in pigs (20-60 kg live weight) was 1.5 mg alkaloids/kg of feed (1.21 mg alkaloids/kg l.w.75).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Piva
- Istituto Scienze degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria U.C.S.C., Piacenza, Italy
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40
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Fabbri S, Piva G, Sogni R, Fusconi G, Lusardi E, Borasi G. Transfer kinetics and coefficients of 90Sr, 134Cs, and 137Cs from forage contaminated by Chernobyl fallout to milk of cows. Health Phys 1994; 66:375-379. [PMID: 8138402 DOI: 10.1097/00004032-199404000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A experiment was conducted to study kinetics, transfer coefficients, and biological half-lives of 90Sr, 134Cs, and 137Cs from feed to milk. A cow was fed a diet containing alfalfa hay contaminated by Chernobyl fallout for 14.5 wk. The time-dependent activity in milk was approximated by a two-compartment model with fast biological half-lives of 2, 0.9, and 1 d and slow biological half-lives of 36.9, 8.7, and 12.4 d for 90Sr, 134Cs, and 137Cs, respectively. The transfer coefficients determined in the experiment were 0.0008 d L-1 for 90Sr, 0.0029 d L-1 for 134Cs, and 0.0031 d L-1 for 137Cs. The biological elimination phases of 134Cs and 137Cs were described by a two-compartment model while a one-compartment model was proposed for 90Sr.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fabbri
- Unità Sanitaria Locale n.2, P.M.P., Piacenza, Italy
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41
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Piva G, Belladonna S, Fusconi G, Sicbaldi F. Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood components, and milk manufacturing properties. J Dairy Sci 1993; 76:2717-22. [PMID: 8227674 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Effect of dietary yeast culture on milk production and composition, ruminal fermentation, blood parameters, and milk manufacturing properties of 24 midlactation Holstein-Friesian cows was determined in a 6-wk experiment. The control diet (DM) consisted of 30% corn silage, 22% alfalfa hay, and 48% concentrate. After a 2-wk preliminary period, cows were assigned in equal numbers to either 0 or 10 g/d of yeast culture for the remainder of the 4-wk study on the basis of age, DIM, and pretrial milk production. Production of milk (26.2 vs. 25.4 kg/d), FCM (23.6 vs. 21.6 kg/d), and milk fat (.90 vs. .78 kg/d) was increased significantly by dietary yeast culture. No differences were significant for milk composition. Molar proportion of acetate and acetate:propionate ratio in ruminal liquor tended to be higher in cows fed yeast culture. Total VFA concentration in ruminal fluid was not different between treatments. Manufacturing properties of milk and blood plasma components were not affected adversely by added dietary yeast culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Piva
- Istituto di Scienze della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria, Università Cattolica S.C., Piacenza, Italy
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Piva G, Masoero F, Rossi F. Mesure de la digestion de l'azote dans l'intestin des ruminants par la technique des sachets mobiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1051/animres:19920108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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43
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Ferrara L, Di Luccia A, Manniti F, Piva G, Masoero F, Fiorentini L, Litta G. The Effect of Somidobove (biosynthetic Bovine Somatotropin) on the Production and on the Quality of Milk of Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis) Raised in Italy. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 1989. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.1989.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Canziani R, Cozzi G, Guidali PL, Denna V, Ghiringhelli S, Piva G. [Evaluation of different electrocardiographic scores (QRS score) for estimating the ejection fraction of the left ventricle after acute myocardial infarct]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1989; 37:11-8. [PMID: 2725903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We calculated the QRS score using both the simplified Selvester's method and the Hills' one, extended to the 12 standard leads, from the electrocardiograms registered on the fifth and thirtieth day from the ischemic event from 50 infarcted patients whose radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction was known. The analysis of our results showed a very good correlation existing between the early and the late scores (r = 0.91 Hillis's method) as well as the equivalence of the two methods as witnessed by a correlation coefficient of 0.86 on the fifth day electrocardiogram and of 0.84 on the thirtieth day E.C.G. However the correlation between QRS score and left ventricular ejection fraction was quite weak ranging from -0.36 to -0.48 depending upon the method and the moment selected for the acquisition of the data. Even the attempt to correctly select patients with a higher risk identifying a QRS score able to predict a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (i.e. less than 40%) failed because of the low sensitivity and specificity of the method. We therefore believe that the QRS score or, at least the simplified one, is not useful to assess the residual left ventricular function after a myocardial infarction and its use should be reduced to the evaluation of the infarct size.
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Abstract
The prevalence of polycystic ovaries was determined by pelvic ultrasound imaging in 119 women (mean age, 23.6 +/- 6.06 years; range, 14-45 years) with acne but with no menstrual disorders, obesity, or hirsutism, and in 35 healthy controls (mean age, 25 +/- 5.8 years; range, 21-40 years). Polycystic ovaries were found in 54 out of 119 patients with acne (45.37%) and in 6 out of 35 controls (17.14%). The results of this study indicate that polycystic ovaries are common in women with acne and not necessarily associated with menstrual disorders, obesity, or hirsutism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peserico
- Clinica Dermatologica, Università di Padova, Italy
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46
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Abstract
In 1984, 313 samples of imported liquid milk and 159 samples of imported cheese were checked for aflatoxin M1; 225 of the milk samples came from FR Germany and 88 from France, while 82 of the cheese samples came from France, 34 from FR Germany and 43 from the Netherlands. The number of positive samples was small both for German (13.8%) and for French (12.5%) milks, and the contamination levels were very low (maximum 23 ng/l). As regards the cheeses, aflatoxin M1 was detected in 19.5, 26.5 and 53.5% of the French, German and Dutch samples respectively, but only 2 French samples exceeded 250 ng/kg, the limit set by Swiss law. In 1985, two surveys were carried out on 276 milk samples mostly obtained from individual farms and on 416 cheese samples taken from all parts of the country. As regards the milk samples, 70 (25.3%) contained aflatoxin M1, but generally at very low levels; in fact only 7 (2.5%) of the samples exceeded 50 ng/l. Aflatoxin M1 was found in 130 (31.3%) of the cheese samples, but here again only 9 (2.2%) exceeded 250 ng/kg. There was no significant difference in aflatoxin M1 levels between Italian, German and French cheese samples but these were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than in Dutch samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Piva
- Istituto di Scienze della Nutrizione, Facoltà di Agraria U.C.S.C., Piacenza, Italy
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47
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Peserico A, Veller-Fornasa C, Paggiarin D, Piva G, Modugno G, Cipriani R. [Topical minoxidil in the treatment of alopecia areata: dose-dependent response]. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 1987; 122:329-31. [PMID: 3623631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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48
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Bettini V, Legrenzi E, Piva G. [Influence of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate on response of segments of the isolated coronary artery to noradrenaline]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 54:1638-41. [PMID: 571282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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49
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Oulhaci M, Merad B, Toumi M, Ait-Amar M, Boudjellab A, Issad M, Piva G. [Electrocardiogram in thyroid diseases]. Tunis Med 1973; 51:375-82. [PMID: 4802216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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50
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Boussa L, Oulhaci M, Aït Amar M, Issad MS, Merad B, Boudjellab A, Piva G, Toumi M. [Polarimetric method (hydrogen test) in the detection of intracardiac shunts. Apropos of 96 cases]. Tunis Med 1973; 51:385-90. [PMID: 4802293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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